WO2022193700A1 - 一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统 - Google Patents

一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022193700A1
WO2022193700A1 PCT/CN2021/131029 CN2021131029W WO2022193700A1 WO 2022193700 A1 WO2022193700 A1 WO 2022193700A1 CN 2021131029 W CN2021131029 W CN 2021131029W WO 2022193700 A1 WO2022193700 A1 WO 2022193700A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
gun
electric vehicle
plug
charging gun
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PCT/CN2021/131029
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王文
史双龙
项冰
韩庆雯
彭代文
李曜
杨天林
赵越
刘虎
孙璐
Original Assignee
国网电动汽车服务有限公司
北京联行网络科技有限公司
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Application filed by 国网电动汽车服务有限公司, 北京联行网络科技有限公司 filed Critical 国网电动汽车服务有限公司
Publication of WO2022193700A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022193700A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the field of intelligent charging, in particular to a plug-and-charge system based on an intelligent charging gun.
  • the charging methods in the industry mainly include swiping cards, scanning codes, entering account numbers, and plug-and-charge based on vehicle VIN (only DC charging piles are available), etc.
  • vehicle VIN only DC charging piles are available
  • other charging methods require users Provide identity information to the charging pile for authentication before each charging, and take corresponding actions to confirm the payment at the end of charging. Users generally think that the charging process is cumbersome, and they expect the charging device to have the plug-and-charge function.
  • the plug-and-charge method based on the vehicle VIN requires vehicle manufacturers to cooperate with the VIN. At present, only a small number of vehicle companies have released this information.
  • the interface between the existing charging equipment and the vehicle complies with the requirements of the national standard, and has been unified.
  • the physical interface, electrical performance and communication protocol all meet the requirements of the national standard, but the charging connection device does not have the functions of authentication and settlement.
  • the user before charging is turned on, the user initiates authentication by swiping a card on the charging device or scanning the QR code of the charging device with a mobile phone.
  • the user starts the settlement process after confirming the transaction information, or automatically settles after the user enables password-free payment. Swiping a card, entering an account number or scanning a code to charge, turning on the charging during charging, and charging settlement all require user participation.
  • the process is more complicated, and the user needs to learn and adapt to the charging operation steps, which brings inconvenience to the user.
  • the charging process is cumbersome, and user operations are required to initiate authentication and start charging.
  • To charge by swiping a card you need to apply for a physical card and carry it with you, and enter a password for authentication before charging, which brings extra burden to the user; while charging by entering an account requires the user to enter the account number and password on the charging pile, and the user operation takes a long time.
  • scanning code charging requires users to open the mobile APP before charging each time. When the QR code is not clear in strong sunlight, it is more common to fail to scan the code. .
  • the present invention proposes a plug-and-charge system based on an intelligent charging gun, comprising: a charging pile, an intelligent charging gun connected to the charging pile, and a hardware tag 10, the hardware tag 10 is arranged in or around the socket 9 of the electric vehicle;
  • the intelligent charging gun is used for sensing the user information of the electric vehicle and transmitting electricity to the electric vehicle when the intelligent charging gun is inserted into the socket 9 of the electric vehicle;
  • the charging pile is used to perform identity authentication on the electric vehicle based on the user information of the electric vehicle, and transmit power to the electric vehicle through the intelligent charging gun after the identity authentication is successful;
  • the hardware tag 10 is used to store user information.
  • the charging pile is specifically used for:
  • the intelligent charging gun includes: a charging gun body, a radio frequency antenna 3 and a reader/writer 4;
  • the reader/writer 4 is arranged inside the main body of the charging gun;
  • the radio frequency antenna 3 is integrated on the main body of the charging gun
  • the radio frequency antenna 3 is connected with the reader/writer 4;
  • the reader/writer 4 is connected to the charging pile through the main body of the charging gun;
  • the radio frequency antenna 3 is used to sense electromagnetic waves corresponding to the user information of the electric vehicle in the hardware tag 10;
  • the reader/writer 4 is used for analyzing electromagnetic waves to obtain user information of the electric vehicle.
  • the main body of the charging gun includes: a gun head structure and a gun body structure;
  • the gun head structure and the gun body structure are integrated structures
  • the radio frequency antenna 3 is integrated in the gun head structure or on the gun body structure;
  • the reader/writer 4 is inside the gun body structure and is connected to the charging pile.
  • the gun head structure includes: a lighting lamp 1 and a charging gun head 2;
  • the lighting lamp 1 is embedded in the charging gun head 2;
  • the radio frequency antenna 3 is placed on the charging gun head 2;
  • the charging gun head 2 and the gun body are of an integrated structure.
  • the gun body structure includes: a gun shell, a contact switch 5 and a cable 8;
  • the contact switch 5, the radio frequency antenna 3 and the cable 8 are all mounted on the gun shell;
  • the contact switch 5 and the reader/writer 4 are connected to the charging pile through the cable 8;
  • the contact switch 5 is used to accept the charging mode selected by the user.
  • the charging pile is also used for:
  • the gun body structure further includes: a button 6;
  • the button 6 is installed on the gun shell
  • the button 6 is connected to the contact switch 5 .
  • the main body of the charging gun further includes: an indicator light 7;
  • the indicator light 7 is installed on the gun head structure or the gun body structure.
  • the utility model proposes a plug-and-charge system based on an intelligent charging gun, comprising: a charging pile, an intelligent charging gun connected to the charging pile, and a hardware label 10, and the hardware label 10 is arranged on a socket 9 of an electric vehicle Inside or around; the utility model adds a radio frequency antenna and a reader to the intelligent charging gun, and transforms the charging pile, and only needs to add an electronic tag on the electric vehicle, which simplifies the charging process and realizes the plug-and-play of the equipment. use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plug-and-charge system based on an intelligent charging gun provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging structure in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of an intelligent charging gun provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an intelligent charging gun according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle charging socket of an intelligent charging gun provided by the utility model
  • FIG. 6 is a first schematic diagram of a plug-and-charge method based on an intelligent charging gun according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of a plug-and-charge method based on an intelligent charging gun according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the utility model proposes a plug-and-charge charging method, which can realize plug-and-charge really conveniently without relying on the vehicle VIN; of users experience a more convenient and fast charging service, injecting fresh vitality into the development of the industry.
  • FIG. 1 A plug-and-charge system based on an intelligent charging gun provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 , including: a charging pile, an intelligent charging gun connected to the charging pile, and a hardware label 10 , and the hardware label 10 is arranged on the Inside or around socket 9 of an electric vehicle.
  • the charging gun and the socket 9 of the electric vehicle are modified (the socket and the charging socket of the electric vehicle both refer to the socket 9).
  • the hardware tag 10 is installed on the user's charging socket 9, and the charging gun is modified at the same time.
  • the reader 4 and the radio frequency antenna 3 are integrated on the charging gun.
  • the operation of reading the information of the hardware tag 10 (the information here includes but not limited to the user information, wherein the user information at least includes: user entity information and electronic wallet related information), obtains the information of the hardware tag 10 for authentication.
  • the utility model realizes plug-and-charge, and does not require the vehicle to provide VIN, simplifies the user's charging operation process, and improves the user's charging experience.
  • the utility model transforms the charging gun and the socket 9 of the electric vehicle (the socket and the charging socket of the electric vehicle both refer to the socket 9).
  • the hardware tag 10 is composed of a coil and a chip, and is installed on the charging socket 9 at the end of the vehicle to store the user information of the electric vehicle and the identification of the vehicle.
  • the hardware tag 10 is a radio frequency electronic tag, which complies with the relevant requirements of ISO14443.
  • the main body of the charging gun includes: a gun head structure and a gun body structure; the gun head structure and the gun body structure are an integrated structure; the gun head structure includes: a lighting lamp 1 and a charging gun head 2,
  • the gun body structure includes: gun shell, contact switch 5, button 6, indicator light 7 and cable 8; the charging gun integrates the reader 4, the radio frequency antenna 3, the contact switch 5, the indicator light 7 and the light 1 .
  • the charging gun head 2 and the cable 8 assist the charging gun to complete the corresponding work.
  • the charging gun integrates the reader 4 and the radio frequency antenna 3 (wherein the radio frequency antenna 3 can be located at any position of the charging gun, for example, it can be integrated on the charging gun head by means of overmolding or embedding a wire slot, etc., or it can be made into a PCB board. Or other forms are installed on any position of the charging gun, the position of the radio frequency antenna 3 in Figure 3 and Figure 4 is only one of the optimal implementations in the present utility model), to meet the needs of obtaining the identity authentication information in the hardware tag after the vehicle is connected (That is, using the radio frequency antenna 3 to sense the user information of the electric vehicle in the hardware tag 10, and using the reader/writer 4 to analyze the electromagnetic wave to obtain the user information of the electric vehicle).
  • the radio frequency antenna 3 and the hardware tag 10 can also be short-range wireless communication devices, and specific functions include but are not limited to the functions of the short-range wireless communication device itself and all the functions described in this utility model.
  • the reader/writer 4 is built in the intelligent charging gun cavity (the main body of the charging gun), and the reader/writer 4 is connected to the charging pile through a wire harness (cable 8).
  • the reader 4 can have a built-in security chip, supports the national secret algorithm, and has a series of security measures such as memory data encryption and address scrambling, which can be applied to scenarios such as mobile payment, car networking, and NFC near-field payment.
  • the RF antenna 3 is built in and integrated in the charging gun.
  • the reader/writer 4 supplies power to the radio frequency antenna 3 through the connection terminal.
  • the radio frequency antenna 3 and the hardware tag 10 need to be used together, and the positions should have a corresponding relationship, and there can be various forms of correspondence, so that the radio frequency antenna 3 and the hardware tag 10 can better sense each other.
  • the charging gun integrates the contact switch 5 and is connected to the button 6.
  • the state of the contact switch 5 can be controlled by the button 6.
  • the connection structure with the button 6 has various forms, such as the way of snapping, the way of pulling, etc. Only one optimal form is shown in Figures 3 and 4 of the utility model, which meets the needs of the user to return the state to the charging pile when pressing. The user can select the charging mode by pressing the contact switch 5 on the charging gun before inserting the gun.
  • the charging gun integrates an indicator light 7, and the indicator light 7 can be installed inside the charging gun or any position of the charging gun.
  • the part of the installation position close to the indicator light 7 only needs to be light-transmitting on the charging gun shell.
  • the indicator light 7 and the contact switch 5 can be directly connected; or not connected, and the indicator light 7 is indirectly controlled after the state of the contact switch 5 is detected by the charging pile. Therefore, the indicator light 7 can meet the needs of different charging application scenarios. After the user presses the contact switch 5 to select the corresponding charging mode, an indicator light of the corresponding color lights up to remind the user of the current charging mode.
  • the charging gun integrates the lighting lamp 1 to meet the lighting needs of the user when inserting the gun.
  • the charging pile is connected with the charging gun, and the charging pile uploads the user information of the electric vehicle to the charging operation platform, and obtains the result of the identity authentication performed by the charging operation platform based on the user information of the electric vehicle; User information authenticates electric vehicles.
  • Step 1 The user binds the hardware tag 10 to the charging account, and installs the hardware tag 10 in the vehicle charging socket 9;
  • Step 2 After the user inserts the gun, the charging pile detects that the vehicle is connected, and obtains the information of the hardware tag 10 (the user information of the vehicle) through the reader 4 and the radio frequency antenna 3 in the smart charging gun;
  • Step 3 The charging pile uploads the information of the hardware tag 10 to the charging operation platform for authentication;
  • Step 4 After the authentication of the charging operation platform is passed, the charging start command is issued to the charging pile.
  • Step 5 The charging pile controls the charging gun to start charging.
  • Step 6 The charging is completed, and the charging gun stops charging.
  • Step 7 The charging pile sends the charging order data, and the charging operation platform deducts the fee.
  • Step a the user binds the hardware tag 10 to the charging account, installs the hardware tag in the vehicle charging socket 9, and recharges the hardware tag 10 before charging;
  • Step b After the user inserts the gun, the charging pile detects that the vehicle is connected, and obtains the information of the hardware tag 10 through the reader 4 in the smart charging gun to determine whether the hardware tag is legal and whether the balance in the tag is sufficient. If the tag is legal and the balance is sufficient Then through authentication, start charging;
  • Step c The charging pile starts charging
  • Step d The charging is completed, the charging pile stops charging, and the charging fee is deducted from the balance of the hardware tag 10.
  • Step e The charging pile sends the charging transaction order data to the charging operation platform.
  • the hardware tag 10 is installed in the vehicle socket 9 in compliance with GB/T 20234.2.
  • the thickness of the card should be within the allowable tolerance range of GB/T 20234.2, which meets the charging gun. Once plugged in, the vehicle locks normally.
  • the AC charging gun matched with the charging pile has been redesigned, adding RF antenna 3, reader 4, contact switch 5, indicator light 7 and lighting 1 and other components. After integration, the charging gun should comply with GB/T 20234.2 and GB18487. 1 related requirements.
  • the charging pile should add the circuit of the corresponding device in the charging gun (the charging pile adds the power supply and communication circuit of the reader 4, the circuit for monitoring the state of the contact switch 5, the charging pile adds the circuit for controlling the status of the indicator light 7 and the lighting lamp 1), And provide the interface for the communication of the reader 4;
  • the plug-and-charge function application program is added to the charging pile (that is, the function of the main control board should have a plug-and-charge function application program);
  • the charging operation platform adds plug-and-charge services based on hardware tags, and can communicate with the main control board in the charging pile.
  • the hardware label 10 is installed in the vehicle socket 9 in accordance with GB/T 20234.1.
  • the thickness of the card should be within the allowable tolerance range of GB/T 20234.1, which meets the charging gun. When plugged in, the vehicle plug should lock properly.
  • the DC charging gun matched with the charging pile has been redesigned, and devices such as RF antenna 3, reader writer 4, contact switch 5, indicator light 7 and lighting lamp 1 have been added. After integration, the charging gun should comply with GB/T 20234.1 and GB18487. 1 related requirements.
  • the charging pile should increase the circuit of the corresponding device in the charging gun (that is, the charging pile adds the circuit of the reader 4, the circuit that monitors the state of the contact switch 5, the charging pile adds the circuit that controls the status of the indicator light 7 and the lighting lamp 1), and provides Interface for communication with reader 4;
  • the plug-and-charge function application program is added to the charging pile (that is, the function of the main control board should have a plug-and-charge function application program);
  • the charging operation platform adds plug-and-charge services based on hardware tags, and can communicate with the main control board in the charging pile.

Abstract

一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统，包括：充电桩、与充电桩连接的智能充电枪以及硬件标签（10），硬件标签（10）设置于电动汽车的插座（9）内部或周围；该系统对智能充电枪中增加了射频天线（3）和读写器（4），并对充电桩进行改造，且电动汽车上只需要添加电子标签，简化了充电流程，实现了设备的即插即用。

Description

一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统 技术领域
本实用新型属于智能充电领域，具体涉及一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统。
背景技术
目前行业内充电方式主要有刷卡、扫码、输入账号、基于车辆VIN的即插即充(仅直流充电桩可用)等方式，除了基于车辆VIN的即插即充方式，其他充电方式都需要用户在每次充电前提供身份信息给充电桩进行鉴权，在充电结束时采取相应的动作确认支付，用户普遍认为充电流程较为繁琐，更期望充电设备能够具备即插即充功能。而基于车辆VIN的即插即充方式，需要车辆生产企业将VIN配合才能实现，目前仅有少量车企开放此信息。
现有的充电设备与车辆的接口遵循国标要求，已实现统一，物理接口、电气性能及通信协议等均符合国标要求，但充电连接装置不具有鉴权、结算的功能。如图2所示，开启充电前，由用户在充电设备上刷卡或用手机扫描充电设备的二维码发起鉴权。结算时，由用户确认交易信息后启动结算流程或者在用户开启免密支付后自动结算。刷卡、输入账号或扫码充电，充电时开启充电以及充电结算都需要用户参与，流程较为复杂，需要用户学习和适应充电操作步骤，给用户使用带来了不便。该方案中充电流程较为繁琐，发起鉴权和开启充电均需要用户操作。刷卡充电需要办理一张实体卡片并随身携带，并在充电前输入密码鉴权，给用户带来了额外的负担；而输入账号充电需要用户在充电桩上输入账号、密码，用户操作耗时长，且由于账号位数较多存在输入错误需要反复输入的风险；扫码充电要求用户每次充电前必须打开手机APP，在阳光较强二维码不清楚的情况下，扫码失败的情况较为普遍。
实用新型内容
为克服上述现有技术的不足，本实用新型提出一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统，包括：充电桩、与所述充电桩连接的智能充电枪以及硬件标签10，所述硬件标签10设置于电动汽车的插座9内部或周围；
所述智能充电枪，用于当智能充电枪插入电动汽车的插座9时，感应获得电动汽车的用户信息和向电动汽车输电；
所述充电桩，用于基于电动汽车的用户信息对电动汽车进行身份鉴权，并在身份鉴权成功后通过所述智能充电枪向电动汽车输电；
所述硬件标签10，用于存储用户信息。
优选的，所述充电桩具体用于：
将电动汽车的用户信息上传至充电运营平台，并获取充电运营平台基于所述电动汽车的 用户信息进行身份鉴权的结果；
或在本地基于电动汽车的用户信息对电动汽车进行身份鉴权。
优选的，所述智能充电枪，包括：充电枪主体、射频天线3和读写器4；
所述读写器4设置在所述充电枪主体内部；
所述射频天线3集成在所述充电枪主体上；
所述射频天线3和读写器4连接；
所述读写器4通过所述充电枪主体与充电桩连接；
所述射频天线3，用于感应所述硬件标签10中电动汽车的用户信息对应的电磁波；
所述读写器4，用于解析电磁波得到所述电动汽车的用户信息。
优选的，所述充电枪主体，包括：枪头结构和枪体结构；
所述枪头结构和所述枪体结构为一体化结构；
所述射频天线3集成在所述枪头结构或在所述枪体结构上；
所述读写器4在所述枪体结构内部，并与充电桩连接。
优选的，所述枪头结构，包括：照明灯1和充电枪头2；
所述充电枪头2内部镶嵌所述照明灯1；
所述射频天线3放置在所述充电枪头2上；
所述充电枪头2与所述枪体结构为一体化结构。
优选的，所述枪体结构，包括：枪壳、触点开关5和线缆8；
所述触点开关5、所述射频天线3和线缆8均安装在枪壳上；
所述触点开关5和所述读写器4通过所述线缆8连接到所述充电桩；
所述触点开关5，用于接受用户选择的充电模式。
优选的，所述充电桩具体还用于：
向用户显示充电模式；
通过触点开关5接受用户选择的充电模式；
在身份鉴权成功后通过所述智能充电枪根据选择的充电模式向电动汽车输电。
优选的，所述枪体结构，还包括：按键6；
所述按键6安装在枪壳上；
所述按键6与所述触点开关5连接。
优选的，所述充电枪主体，还包括：指示灯7；
所述指示灯7安装在枪头结构或所述枪体结构上。
与最接近的现有技术相比，本实用新型具有的有益效果如下：
本实用新型提出了一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统，包括：充电桩、与所述充电桩连接的智能充电枪以及硬件标签10，所述硬件标签10设置于电动汽车的插座9内部或周围；本实用新型对智能充电枪中增加了射频天线和读写器，并对充电桩进行改造，且电动汽车上只需要添加电子标签，简化了充电流程，实现了设备的即插即用。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型提供的一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统结构示意图；
图2为一种现有技术的充电结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型实施例提供的一种智能充电枪总结构示意图；
图4为本实用新型实施例提供的一种智能充电枪的横截面结构示意图；
图5为本实用新型提供的一种智能充电枪的车辆充电插座结构示意图；
图6为本实用新型实施例提供的一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充方法流程第一示意图；
图7为本实用新型实施例提供的一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充方法流程第二示意图；
附图标号说明：
1-照明灯；2-充电枪头；3-射频天线；4-读写器；5-触点开关；6-按键；7-指示灯；8-线缆；9-插座；10-硬件标签。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式做进一步的详细说明。
实施例1：
本实用新型提出一种即插即充充电方式，能够不依赖于车辆VIN，真正便捷实现即插即充；相信随着基于硬件标签的即插即充的试点应用，将会让越来越多的用户体验到更方便快捷的充电服务，为行业发展注入新鲜活力。
本实用新型提供的一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统如图1所示，包括：充电桩、与所述充电桩连接的智能充电枪以及硬件标签10，所述硬件标签10设置于电动汽车的插座9内部或周围。
在现有国标充电接口的基础上，改造充电枪和电动汽车的插座9(电动汽车的插座与充电插座均表示插座9)。
本实用新型通过在用户的充电插座9上安装硬件标签10，同时改造充电枪，如图3和图4可以看到，在充电枪上集成读写器4和射频天线3，当充电桩检测到用户插枪后，进行读硬件标签10信息的操作(这里的信息包括但不限于用户信息，其中用户信息最少包括：用户实 体信息和电子钱包相关信息)，获取硬件标签10的信息进行鉴权以开启充电。本实用新型实现了即插即充，且不需车辆提供VIN，简化了用户充电操作流程，提升了用户充电体验。
本实用新型在现有国标充电接口的基础上，改造充电枪和电动汽车的插座9(电动汽车的插座与充电插座均表示插座9)。
如图5所示，硬件标签10由线圈和芯片组成，安装在车端的充电插座9上用于存储电动汽车的用户信息和车辆的身份识别。硬件标签10为射频电子标签，符合ISO14443的相关要求。
如图3和图4所示，充电枪主体包括：枪头结构和枪体结构；枪头结构和所述枪体结构为一体化结构；枪头结构包括：照明灯1和充电枪头2，枪体结构包括：枪壳、触点开关5、按键6、指示灯7和线缆8；充电枪中集成了读写器4、射频天线3、触点开关5、指示灯7和照明灯1。其中，充电枪头2和线缆8协助充电枪完成相应工作。
充电枪集成读写器4和射频天线3(其中，射频天线3可在充电枪的任意位置，例如可以通过二次注塑或者嵌入线槽等方式集成在充电枪头上，也可制作成PCB板或其他形式安装在充电枪任意的位置上，图3和图4中射频天线3的位置只是本实用新型中的最优实施方式之一)，满足车辆连接后获取硬件标签中身份认证信息的需求(即利用射频天线3感应所述硬件标签10中电动汽车的用户信息，利用读写器4解析电磁波得到所述电动汽车的用户信息)。在图3-4中射频天线3和硬件标签10也可以为短距离无线通信设备，具体功能包括但不限于短距离无线通信设备本身功能和本实用新型中所描述的所有功能。
其中读写器4内置在智能充电枪腔体(充电枪主体)里，读写器4通过线束(线缆8)连接到充电桩。读写器4可内置安全芯片，支持国密算法，具备存储器数据加密、地址加扰等一系列安全措施，可应用于移动支付、车联网、NFC近场支付等场景。
射频天线3内置在集成在充电枪中。读写器4通过连接端子为射频天线3供电。射频天线3和硬件标签10需配合使用，位置应具有对应关系，可以有多种形式的对应，使得射频天线3和硬件标签10更好的相互感应。
充电枪集成触点开关5，并与按键6连接，通过按键6可以控制触点开关5的状态，其中与按键6的连接结构存在多种形式，如卡扣的方式、牵引的方式等，本实用新型的图3和4中只显示一种最优形式，满足用户按压时将状态回传到充电桩的需求。用户在插枪前按压充电枪上触点开关5，可以选择充电模式。
充电枪集成指示灯7，指示灯7可安装在充电枪内部或充电枪任意位置，所述的安装位置靠近指示灯7的部分只需充电枪壳体为透光即可。其中指示灯7与触点开关5可直接连接；也可以不进行连接，通过充电桩检测到触点开关5状态后，间接控制指示灯7。故指示灯7 满足不同的充电应用场景的需求。用户按压触点开关5选择对应的充电模式后，相应颜色的指示灯亮起，提示用户当前的充电模式。
充电枪集成照明灯1，满足用户插枪时的照明需求。
充电桩与充电枪连接，充电桩将电动汽车的用户信息上传至充电运营平台，并获取充电运营平台基于所述电动汽车的用户信息进行身份鉴权的结果；或充电桩在本地基于电动汽车的用户信息对电动汽车进行身份鉴权。
配合一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统的描述，提供其充电使用的方法流程：
如图6所示(为了防止混淆图，将6中的①到⑦使用步骤1到步骤7表示)包括：
步骤1：用户将硬件标签10与充电账号绑定，并将硬件标签10安装在车辆充电插座9内；
步骤2：用户插枪后，充电桩检测到车辆已连接，通过智能充电枪中读写器4和射频天线3获取硬件标签10的信息(车辆的用户信息)；
步骤3：充电桩将硬件标签10的信息上传至充电运营平台进行鉴权；
步骤4：充电运营平台鉴权通过后下发启动充电指令至充电桩。
步骤5：充电桩控制充电枪启动充电。
步骤6：本次充电完成，充电枪停止充电。
步骤7：充电桩上送本次充电订单数据，由充电运营平台进行扣费。
或者如图7所示(为了防止混淆，将图7中的①到⑤使用步骤a到步骤e表示)包括：
步骤a：用户将硬件标签10与充电账号绑定，并将硬件标签安装在车辆充电插座9内，在充电前用户向硬件标签10进行充值；
步骤b：用户插枪后，充电桩检测到车辆已连接，通过智能充电枪中读写器4获取硬件标签10的信息，判断硬件标签是否合法，标签中余额是否充足，如标签合法且余额充足则通过鉴权，启动充电；
步骤c：充电桩启动充电；
步骤d：本次充电完成，充电桩停止充电，并从扣取硬件标签10余额中扣减本次充电费用。
步骤e：充电桩上送本次充电交易订单数据至充电运营平台。
以上两种充电流程对充电桩、充电枪和充电运营平台的要求如下：
一、使用交流充电时：
制作一款可安装在车辆交流插座9上的硬件标签10，该硬件标签10安装在符合GB/T 20234.2的车辆插座9内，卡片厚度应在GB/T 20234.2的允许公差范围内，满足充电枪插上 后，车辆能正常锁止。
与充电桩配套的交流充电枪重新做设计，增加射频天线3、读写器4、触点开关5、指示灯7和照明灯1等器件，集成后充电枪应符合GB/T 20234.2和GB18487.1的相关要求。
充电桩应增加充电枪中对应器件的电路(充电桩增加读写器4的供电和通信电路、监测触点开关5状态的电路、充电桩增加控制指示灯7和照明灯1状态的电路)，并提供给读写器4通信的接口；
充电桩增加即插即充功能应用程序(即主控板的功能应有即插即充功能应用程序)；
充电运营平台增加基于硬件标签的即插即充服务，并能与充电桩中的主控板进行通信。
二、使用直流充电时：
制作一款可安装在车辆直流插座9上的硬件标签10，该硬件标签10安装在符合GB/T 20234.1的车辆插座9内，卡片厚度应在GB/T 20234.1的允许公差范围内，满足充电枪插上后，车辆插头应能正常锁止。
与充电桩配套的直流充电枪重新做设计，增加射频天线3、读写器4、触点开关5、指示灯7和照明灯1等器件，集成后充电枪应符合GB/T 20234.1和GB18487.1的相关要求。
充电桩应增加充电枪中对应器件的电路(即充电桩增加读写器4的电路、监测触点开关5状态的电路、充电桩增加控制指示灯7和照明灯1状态的电路)，并提供给读写器4通信的接口；
充电桩增加即插即充功能应用程序(即主控板的功能应有即插即充功能应用程序)；
充电运营平台增加基于硬件标签的即插即充服务，并能与充电桩中的主控板进行通信。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用于说明本实用新颖的技术方案而非对其保护范围的限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:本领域技术人员阅读本申请后依然可对实用新型的具体实施方式进行种种变更、修改或者等同替换，但这些变更、修改或者等同替换，均在实用新型待批的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种基于智能充电枪的即插即充系统，其特征在于，包括：充电桩、与所述充电桩连接的智能充电枪以及硬件标签(10)，所述硬件标签(10)设置于电动汽车的插座(9)内部或周围；
    所述智能充电枪，用于当智能充电枪插入电动汽车的插座(9)时，感应获得电动汽车的用户信息和向电动汽车输电；
    所述充电桩，用于基于电动汽车的用户信息对电动汽车进行身份鉴权，并在身份鉴权成功后通过所述智能充电枪向电动汽车输电；
    所述硬件标签(10)，用于存储用户信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的即插即充系统，其特征在于，所述充电桩具体用于：
    将电动汽车的用户信息上传至充电运营平台，并获取充电运营平台基于所述电动汽车的用户信息进行身份鉴权的结果；
    或在本地基于电动汽车的用户信息对电动汽车进行身份鉴权。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的即插即充系统，其特征在于，所述智能充电枪，包括：充电枪主体、射频天线(3)和读写器(4)；
    所述读写器(4)设置在所述充电枪主体内部；
    所述射频天线(3)集成在所述充电枪主体上；
    所述射频天线(3)和读写器(4)连接；
    所述读写器(4)通过所述充电枪主体与充电桩连接；
    所述射频天线(3)，用于感应所述硬件标签(10)中电动汽车的用户信息对应的电磁波；
    所述读写器(4)，用于解析电磁波得到所述电动汽车的用户信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的即插即充系统，其特征在于，所述充电枪主体，包括：枪头结构和枪体结构；
    所述枪头结构和所述枪体结构为一体化结构；
    所述射频天线(3)集成在所述枪头结构或在所述枪体结构上；
    所述读写器(4)在所述枪体结构内部，并与充电桩连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的即插即充系统，其特征在于，所述枪头结构，包括：照明灯(1)和充电枪头(2)；
    所述充电枪头(2)内部镶嵌所述照明灯(1)；
    所述射频天线(3)放置在所述充电枪头(2)上；
    所述充电枪头(2)与所述枪体结构为一体化结构。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的即插即充系统，其特征在于，所述枪体结构，包括：枪壳、触点开关(5)和线缆(8)；
    所述触点开关(5)、所述射频天线(3)和线缆(8)均安装在枪壳上；
    所述触点开关(5)和所述读写器(4)通过所述线缆(8)连接到所述充电桩；
    所述触点开关(5)，用于接受用户选择的充电模式。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的即插即充系统，其特征在于，所述充电桩具体还用于：
    向用户显示充电模式；
    通过触点开关(5)接受用户选择的充电模式；
    在身份鉴权成功后通过所述智能充电枪根据选择的充电模式向电动汽车输电。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的即插即充系统，其特征在于，所述枪体结构，还包括：按键(6)；
    所述按键(6)安装在枪壳上；
    所述按键(6)与所述触点开关(5)连接。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的即插即充系统，其特征在于，所述充电枪主体，还包括：指示灯(7)；
    所述指示灯(7)安装在枪头结构或所述枪体结构上。
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