WO2022189316A1

WO2022189316A1 - A crusher chassis

Info

Publication number: WO2022189316A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/055659
Authority: WO
Inventors: Udo Fischer; Tobias Ring; Rolf Ueberberg; Maik Bender; Robert Nussbaumer
Original assignee: Sandvik Srp Ab
Priority date: 2021-03-11
Filing date: 2022-03-07
Publication date: 2022-09-15
Also published as: EP4056279A1

Abstract

A chassis (150) for a roll crusher (140) for crushing materials having a crusher roller (180,190) mounted at a crushing chamber (170) in which the crusher roller (180,190) is drivable by a drive train (270,280) wherein the chassis (150) comprises an integral drive train support frame (290,300) for supporting the drive train (270,280) on the chassis (150).

Description

A CRUSHER CHASSIS

Field of Invention

This invention generally relates to a crusher chassis for a roll crusher for bulk materials and to a roll crusher comprising the crusher chassis. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a chassis for a roll crusher for crushing materials.

Background of the Invention

Roll crushers are widely used for crushing bulk materials such as rock, ores and coal and are generally formed from pairs of counter-rotating crusher rollers mounted between bearings at a crushing chamber. The crusher rollers are provided with teeth and/or segments between which bulk material fed into the crushing chamber is crushed. In general, one of the pair of crusher rollers is movable to calibrate the roll crusher and to allow large bulk material to be passed between the crusher rollers.

In known direct driven roll crushers, a motor is directly connected to the crusher roller shafts via a drive train. In addition, the crushing chamber and crusher rollers are mounted on a chassis which is secured to the ground while the drive trains are securely mounted on separate drive train support frames positioned either side of the chassis i.e. the drive train support frames are not connected to the chassis and can therefore move. The drive train support frames are also not secured to the ground but are provided with shock absorbers for torque compensation purposes. The crusher rollers are driven by the transmission of a fixed drive train (powered by the motor) which is coupled at a fixed/flange coupling to each crusher roller shaft. However, due to the nature of the bulk materials to be crushed which vary considerably in size and hardness, rotation of the crusher rollers can give rise to forces which result in vertical and horizontal movement of the drive train/drive train support frame. In addition where movement of the rollers is disrupted, radial and torsional forces can be generated which are transferred to the drive train support frame via the coupling resulting in uncontrolled movement of the drive train/drive train support frame causing damage to the coupling, the drive train and the motor or other drive train components due to misalignment of the drive components. The risk of damage is exacerbated by the capacity of the drive train support frame to move and the directly driven nature of the crusher rollers. The resulting damage can lead to significant downtime to allow for repair of the crusher.

An object of the invention is overcome at least some of the problems of the prior art.

Summary of the Invention

According to the invention there is provided a chassis for a roll crusher for crushing materials having a crusher roller mounted at a crushing chamber in which the crusher roller is drivable by a drive train wherein the chassis comprises an integral drive train support frame for supporting the drive train on the chassis.

In one embodiment, the integral drive train support frame is built-in to the chassis.

Preferably, the chassis comprises a central platform for supporting the crushing chamber and crusher roller and the drive train support frame is fixedly attached to the central platform (160). More preferably, the chassis comprises first and second drive train support frames fixedly attached either side of the central platform.

Suitably, the central platform comprises a rear wall, two oppositely disposed side walls and a front wall and the first and second drive train support frames are respectively attached to the side walls. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the chassis is for roll crushers having direct driven crusher rollers.

The invention also extends to a roll crusher for crushing materials comprising a chassis as hereinbefore defined.

Preferably, the roll crusher comprises a fixed crusher roller, a movable crusher roller and a drive train for each of the crusher rollers.

In one embodiment, the crusher roller drive trains each comprises an elastic coupling for coupling the drive trains with the crusher rollers.

Advantageously, the movable crusher roller drive train is a slidably movable drive train. Preferably, the slidably movable drive train comprises a carriage slidably mounted on the drive train support frame. More preferably, the carriage is configured to slidably move in synch with the movable roller. Most preferably, the carriage is dynamically connected to the movable roller by a connector.

In one embodiment, the connector extends between the carriage and a movable roller bearing movement synchronization system.

Suitably, the movable roller bearing movement synchronization system comprises a synchronization shaft disposed parallel with a longitudinal axis defined between first and second movable roller bearings, a first synchronization arm extending between the first roller bearing and the synchronization shaft and a second synchronization arm extending between the second roller bearing and the synchronization shaft, and the connector is axially contiguous with the synchronization shaft. Preferably, the connector comprises an extension to the synchronization shaft.

As the chassis of the invention is provided with integral drive train support frames which form part of the chassis structure, the drive train support frames are prevented from moving in use so that undesired forces do not result in movement of the drive train support frames so that the risk of damage to the drive trains, motors and rollers is reduced.

In summary, by forming the chassis of the roll crusher, including the drive train frames, as a single unitary structure with the movable roller drive train being slidably mounted on the chassis, the overall stability of the chassis is improved in use thus increasing the longevity of the drive train. The one-piece chassis of the present invention is particularly beneficial in roll crushers having direct driven crusher rollers.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view from above of a roll crusher of the prior art for bulk materials in which the drive train support frames are separated from the chassis;

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the roll crusher of Figure 1 ;

Figure 3 is a perspective view from above and one side of a roll crusher of the invention in which the chassis is provided with integral drive train support frames for supporting the drive trains on the chassis;

Figure 4 is a perspective view from above and one side of the chassis of the roll crusher of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a perspective view from above and one side of the chassis of Figure 4 with the front panel of the movable roller drive train support frame removed to show the sliding mechanism for the movable drive train carriage;

Figure 6 is a front view of the chassis of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a rear view of the chassis of Figure 5; Figure 8 is a side view of the chassis of Figure 5 from the movable roller drive train support frame side of the chassis, and

Figure 9 is a perspective view from above and one side of the roll crusher with the hydraulic rams omitted to reveal the bearing movement synchronization system in bold.

Detailed Description of the Invention

Figures 1 and 2 show a roll crusher 10 of the prior art for bulk materials in which the roll crusher 10 is provided with a conventional chassis 20. As shown in the drawings, a crusher chamber 30 is mounted on the chassis 20 having a fixed roller 40 and a complementary movable roller 50 between which bulk materials can be crushed. The rollers 40,50 are rotated by respective drive trains 60,70 powered by motors 61 ,71. The drive trains 60,70 are mounted on respective drive train support frames 80,90. The drive train support frames 80,90 do not form part of the chassis 20 while the drive trains 60,70 are connected to their respective rollers 40,50 via flange couplings 100,110. The drive train support frames 80,90 are provided with shock absorbers 120 while the chassis 20 is secured to the ground with ground fixings 130 with the result that the drive train support frames 80,90 (and hence the drive trains 60,70) can move horizontally and vertically as a result of the forces generated during crushing processes. These forces and consequential accelerations can result in damage to drive train components such as the transmission, and the motors 61 ,71 leading to significant roll crusher repair downtimes.

Figure 3 shows a perspective view from above and one side of a roll crusher in accordance with the invention which is generally indicated by the reference numeral 140 and is made up of a chassis 150 having a central platform 160 on which a crusher chamber 170 is mounted. The crusher chamber 170 is fitted with a first fixed crusher roller 180 (hereinafter referred to as a fixed roller) and a second movable crusher roller 190 (hereinafter referred to as a movable roller) co-operable with the fixed roller 180 to crush bulk materials between the crusher rollers 180,190. The movable roller 190 allows for the distance between the fixed roller 180 and the movable roller 190 to be adjusted in accordance with the size of the materials to be crushed and the desired size of the crushed materials. The movable roller 190 can also be moved to allow oversized materials to pass through the roll crusher 140.

Each crusher roller 180,190 is provided with teeth/segments 200 to effect the crushing action. The fixed roller 180 is provided with a fixed roller shaft 210 and is supported at the crusher chamber 170 between a first fixed roller bearing 220 and an oppositely disposed second fixed roller bearing 230 while the movable roller 190 is similarly mounted on a movable roller shaft 240 at the crusher chamber 170 supported between a first movable roller bearing 250 and an oppositely disposed second movable roller bearing 260. The fixed roller 180 is rotated by a fixed roller drive train 270 adjacent the first fixed roller bearing 220 while the movable roller 190 is rotated by a movable roller drive train 280 adjacent the second movable roller bearing 190. The fixed roller drive train 270 is supported on a fixed roller drive train support frame 290 and the movable roller drive train 280 is supported on a movable roller drive train support frame 300. As shall be explained more fully below, the drive train support frames 290,300 are integral with the chassis 150 to form a unitary chassis-drive train structure in which the drive train support frames 290,300 are constituent parts of the chassis 150 to increase the stability of the roll crusher 140 in use. Each drive train 270,280 is made up of a transmission 310, a drive shaft 320 connected with a motor 330 and an output shaft 340.

The output shaft 340 of the fixed roller drive train 270 is provided with an elastic coupling 350 to attach the fixed roller drive train 270 to the shaft 210 of the fixed roller 180. Similarly, the movable roller 190 is provided with an elastic coupling 350 to attach the movable roller drive train 280 to the shaft 240 of the movable roller 190. The elastic couplings 350 serve to damp the transmission of radial and torsional forces generated by the crusher rollers 180,190 and, being elastic, are less prone to damage resulting from radial and torsional forces so that the risk of damage to the drive trains 270,280 is reduced i.e. the elastic couplings 350 effectively decouple the fixed and movable rollers 180,190 and the drive trains 270,280. The fixed and movable rollers 180,190 are also provided with a flywheel 351 at the elastic couplings 350 to assist in the controlled transfer of force between the fixed and movable rollers 180,190 and the drive trains 270,280.

Movement of the movable roller 190 towards and away from the fixed roller 180 is controlled by first and second hydraulic rams 610,620. The first and second hydraulic rams 610,620 are each connected at one end to the movable roller 190 at respective ram mountings 630,640 provided on the movable roller first and second bearings 250,260 respectively and at a second end to a movement support frame 641 spaced apart from the movable roller 190 and also mounted on the chassis 150. The hydraulic rams 610,620 are provided with pressure limiting valves so that that hydraulic rams 610,620 can be automatically actuated in response to excessive forces at the crusher chamber 170 to move the movable roller 190. The movement support frame 641 is described in more detail below.

Figure 4 shows a perspective view from above and one side of the chassis 150 of the invention with the crusher chamber 170, the crusher rollers 180,190 and the drive trains 270,280 removed to more clearly illustrate the chassis 150. As shown in the drawing, the chassis 150 of the invention is made up of the central rectangular frame like platform 160 for supporting the crusher chamber 170 and the crusher rollers 180,190, a fixed roller drive train support frame 290 disposed to one side of the central platform 160 and a movable roller drive train support frame 300 on the opposite side of the central platform 160. The drive train support frames 290,300 are integral with the central platform 160 of the chassis 150 to form the unitary one-piece chassis structure. The drive train support frames 290,300 can be made integral with the central platform 160 by being manufactured separately and then fixed or joined to fixed to the central platform 160 or the central platform 160 and drive train support frames 290,300 can be manufactured as a single unit i.e. the drive train support frames 290,300 can be built-in to the chassis. More particularly, the frame-like central platform 160 is defined by a rear wall 360, two oppositely disposed side walls 370,380 and a front wall 390. The fixed roller bearings 220,230 and the movable roller bearings 250,260 are supported on the side walls 370,380 at respective bearing mountings 400,410. The movable roller bearing mountings 410 are made up of spaced apart tracks 420 defining a channel 430 in which the movable roller bearings 250,260 are movable towards and away from the fixed roller 180.

The fixed roller drive train support frame 290 for supporting the fixed roller drive train 270 is formed integrally with the side wall 370 to form a unitary chassis structure and the movable roller drive train frame 300 for supporting the movable roller drive train 280 is formed integrally with the side wall 380 also to form the unitary chassis structure i.e. the drive train support frames 290,300 are directly and fixedly attached to chassis 150 via the side walls 370,380 of the central platform 160. Accordingly, the central platform 160, the fixed roller drive train support frame 290 and the movable roller drive train support frame 300 form a rigid one piece structure to enhance stability of the chassis 160 and the performance of the roll crusher 140.

In the present embodiment, the movable roller drive train support frame 300 is substantially rectangular in shape when viewed from above and is made up of a rear wall 440, a first side beam 450, an oppositely disposed side beam 460, a detachable U-shaped front panel 461 and a duct 470 defined between the first and second side beams 450,460, the rear wall 440 and the front panel 461. The fixed roller drive train support frame 290 is of a generally box-like rectangular construction having a rear wall 291 , two side walls 292,293 (not shown in Figure 4), a front wall 294, a bottom plate

295 and a top plate 296 with the side wall 293 being integral with the side wall 370 of the chassis 150.

As shown particularly in Figures 5 to 8, the movable roller drive train 280 (omitted for clarity) is mounted on the movable roller drive train support frame 300 via a sliding mechanism 481 which in the present embodiment is defined between an axially movable drive train carriage 480 on which the movable roller drive train 280 is mountable so that the drive train carriage 480 is slidably movable in the duct 470 along a horizontal axis oriented substantially perpendicular with the longitudinal axis defined by the movable roller shaft 240 i.e. the movable roller drive train 280 is slidably movable on the movable roller drive train support frame 300. In the present embodiment, the movable carriage 480 is made up of an elongate generally rectangular frame housing 490 having a top face 500 on which the transmission 310 and the motor 330 can be mounted, a bottom plate 510, a first side wall 520 extending between the top face 500 and bottom plate 510 and a second oppositely disposed side wall 530 extending between the top face 500 and bottom plates 510. The bottom plate is 510 is provided with two laterally extending elongate tongues 540,550 which extend the length of the bottom plate 510 which are insertable in complementary elongate oppositely disposed grooves 560,570 defined in the internal faces of the side beams 450,460. The tongues 540,550 and complementary grooves 560,570 make up the sliding mechanism 481 to facilitate the horizontal sliding movement of the movable roller drive train 280 fitted with the drive train carriage 480.

The top face 500 of the movable carriage 480 is also provided drive train mounts 580 for attaching the movable carriage 480 to the movable roller drive train 280 and, as shall be explained more fully below, a synchronisation mounting 590 extending upwards from the first side wall 520 and top plate 500 of the carriage 480 and attachable to a bearing movement synchronization system 600 (see Figure 9) on the roll crusher 140 to control movement of the movable roller 190.

As shown in Figure 9, the movement support frame 641 is provided on the chassis 150 and is formed by the front wall 390 of the central chassis platform 160 which has a first pair of spaced apart mounting plates 650 and a second pair of spaced apart mounting plates 660. The hydraulic rams 610,620 are secured at their second ends to upper fixings 670 defined in the mounting plates 650,660. Openable hydraulic ram end covers 690 (see Figure 3) can also be secured to the spaced apart mounting plates 650,660.

As indicated above, the roll crusher 140 is provided with a bearing movement synchronization system 600 to control movement of the movable roller 190 via the hydraulic rams 610,620. The movable roller drive train 280 is connected to the bearing movement synchronization system 600 to effect synchronized movement of the movable roller drive train 280 with the movable crusher roller 190 thus preventing misalignment and damage to the movable crusher roller 190 and the movable roller drive train 280 in use i.e. the bearing movement synchronisation system 600 ensures that no damage occurs to the crusher rollers 180,190 or the bearings 220,230,250,260, and in particular the segments 200, during movement.

The bearing movement synchronisation system 600 is provided at the movement support frame 641 and is made up of a transverse shaft 700 extending between and rotatably supported in lower transverse shaft openings 710 located beneath the fixings 670 in the mounting plates 650,660.

First bearing link plates 720 are mounted on the transverse shaft 700 between the first pair of mounting plates 650 and second bearing link plates 730 are mounted on the transverse shaft 700 between the second pair of mounting plates 660. The link plates 720,730 are in turn rotatably attached to respective synchronisation arms 740,750 disposed substantially perpendicular to the transverse shaft 700 at articulatable synchronisation arm mountings 760,770. At their opposite ends, the synchronisation arms 740,750 are secured to the movable roller first and second bearings 250,260 respectively at respective articulatable synchronisation arm couplings 780,790. Accordingly, the synchronisation arms 740,750 in combination with the transverse shaft 700 ensure geometrically synchronised, co-ordinated and controlled movement of the movable roller 190 via its first and second bearings 250,260 to prevent damage to the crusher rollers 180,190.

As indicated above, the movable roller drive train 280 is connected to the bearing movement synchronisation system 600 so that the drive train 280 can move in synch on the slidably movable carriage 480 with the movable roller 190.

In the present embodiment, the movable roller drive train 280 is mechanically connected to the bearing movement synchronisation system 600 via a mechanical connector 800 in the form of an axial extension 810 to the transverse shaft 700 which is axially contiguous with the transverse shaft 700 and is attached to the movable roll drive train 280, and more particularly to the slidably movable drive train carriage 480 via a synchronisation rod 820 disposed substantially perpendicular to the shaft extension 810 and substantially parallel with the synchronisation arms 740,750. Accordingly, the carriage 480 is effectively dynamically connected to the movable roller 190 by the connector 800.

The shaft extension 810 can be integral with or attachable to the transverse shaft 700. As shown in Figure 9, in the present embodiment, the shaft extension 810 is integral with the transverse shaft 700 whereby the transverse shaft 700 extends beyond the second pair of spaced apart mounting plates 660 to form the shaft extension 810. The synchronisation rod 820 is rotatably mounted between a free end 830 of the shaft extension 810 at a rod link plate mounting 840 and the drive train carriage 480 at the synchronisation mounting 590 described in Figure 5. Accordingly, movement of the movable roller 190 towards and away from the fixed roller 180 is automatically translated by the bearing movement synchronisation system 600 into axial movement of the slidably movable carriage 480 on which the movable roller drive train 280 is mounted so that movement of the movable roller 190 and the movable roller drive train 280 is fully synchronised.

Claims

1 . A chassis (150) for a roll crusher (140) for crushing materials having a crusher roller (180,190) mounted at a crushing chamber (170) in which the crusher roller (180,190) is drivable by a drive train (270,280) wherein the chassis (150) comprises an integral drive train support frame (290,300) for supporting the drive train (270,280) on the chassis (150).

2. A chassis (150) as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the integral drive train support frame (290,300) is built-in to the chassis (150).

3. A chassis (150) as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the chassis (150) comprises a central platform (160) for supporting the crushing chamber (170) and crusher roller (180,190) and the drive train support frame (290,300) is fixedly attached to the central platform (160).

4. A chassis (150) as claimed in Claim 3 wherein the chassis (150) comprises first and second drive train support frames (290,300) fixedly attached either side of the central platform (160).

5. A chassis (150) as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the central platform comprises a rear wall (360), two oppositely disposed side walls (370,380) and a front wall (390) and the first and second drive train support frames (290,300) are respectively attached to the side walls (370,380).

6. A roll crusher (140) for crushing materials comprising a chassis (150) as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 5.

7. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 6 wherein the roll crusher (140) comprises a fixed crusher roller (180), a movable crusher roller (190) and a drive train (270,280) for each of the crusher rollers (180,190).

8. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 7 wherein the crusher roller drive trains (270,280) each comprises an elastic coupling (350) for coupling the drive trains (270,280) with the crusher rollers (180,190). 9. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 7 or Claim 8 wherein the movable crusher roller drive train (280) is a slidably movable drive train (280).

10. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 9 wherein the slidably movable drive train (280) comprises a carriage (480) slidably mounted on the drive train support frame (300).

11. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 10 wherein the carriage (480) is configured to slidably move in synch with the movable roller (190). 12. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 10 or Claim 11 wherein the carriage

(480) is dynamically connected to the movable roller (190) by a connector (800).

13. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 12 wherein the connector (800) extends between the carriage (480) and a movable roller bearing movement synchronization system (600).

14. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 13 wherein the movable roller bearing movement synchronization system (600) comprises a synchronization shaft (700) disposed parallel with a longitudinal axis defined between first and second movable roller bearings (250,260), a first synchronization arm (740) extending between the first roller bearing (250) and the synchronization shaft (700) and a second synchronization arm (770) extending between the second roller bearing (260) and the synchronization shaft (700), and the connector (800) is axially contiguous with the synchronization shaft (700).

15. A roll crusher (140) as claimed in Claim 14 wherein the connector (800) comprises an extension (810) to the synchronization shaft (700).