WO2022188624A1 - 自动生成自治系统as标识的方法、第一网络设备及系统 - Google Patents

自动生成自治系统as标识的方法、第一网络设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022188624A1
WO2022188624A1 PCT/CN2022/077263 CN2022077263W WO2022188624A1 WO 2022188624 A1 WO2022188624 A1 WO 2022188624A1 CN 2022077263 W CN2022077263 W CN 2022077263W WO 2022188624 A1 WO2022188624 A1 WO 2022188624A1
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network device
identifier
network
address
bgp
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PCT/CN2022/077263
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English (en)
French (fr)
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庞东磊
王海波
贺行健
闫刚
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022188624A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022188624A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0876—Aspects of the degree of configuration automation
    • H04L41/0886—Fully automatic configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/04—Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/30—Managing network names, e.g. use of aliases or nicknames
    • H04L61/3015—Name registration, generation or assignment

Definitions

  • the present application relates to network communication, and in particular, to a method for automatically generating an AS identifier of an autonomous system, a first network device and a system.
  • Border Gateway Protocol as a routing protocol of autonomous system (AS), is widely used in various networking scenarios.
  • BGP connects the routes of the underlying network devices in the networking by deploying and establishing BGP neighbors (or communication peers, BGP peers).
  • the network device When establishing the above-mentioned BGP neighbor relationship, the network device needs to obtain the AS identifier.
  • AS identifiers need to be manually configured on all network devices, so that the AS identifiers are unique within the BGP network. If the number of network devices is large, the configuration workload will be large, and configuration errors will be easily caused. It will bring great inconvenience to network planning, deployment and operation and maintenance, and the cost will be high. It does not meet the requirements of simple and high-quality network planning. and operational requirements.
  • the present application provides a method, a first network device, and a system for automatically generating an AS identifier of an autonomous system, which can automatically generate an AS identifier on the network device, thereby reducing the workload of manually configuring the AS identifier and realizing minimalist and high-quality network planning , Improve operation and maintenance requirements.
  • a first aspect provides a method for automatically generating an AS identifier of an autonomous system, comprising: acquiring a first identifier by a first network device, where the first identifier is used to identify the first network device in a BGP network; The first network device generates an AS identifier according to the first identifier, where the AS identifier is used to uniquely identify the first network device in the BGP network.
  • AS identifiers can be automatically generated on each network device, and there is no need to manually configure and plan the AS identifiers of each network device, thereby reducing the workload of configuration, realizing simplified and high-quality network planning, and improving operation and maintenance requirements.
  • problems such as heavy configuration workload and easy configuration errors caused by planning and configuring AS identifiers in advance on network devices are avoided.
  • the first identifier includes any one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP address, a media access control MAC address, and an electronic serial number of the first network device ESN.
  • the method further includes: generating, by the first network device, a routing identifier Router ID according to the first identifier.
  • a router ID can also be automatically generated on each network device, and it is not necessary to manually configure and plan the router ID of each network device, thereby reducing the workload of configuration, realizing minimalist and high-quality network planning, and improving operation and maintenance. appeal. This avoids problems such as heavy configuration workload and easy configuration errors caused by planning and configuring router IDs in advance on network devices in related technologies.
  • the method further includes: the first network device generates a Router ID according to the AS identifier.
  • the first identifier is the MAC address of the first network device, and the first network device generates the AS identifier according to the MAC address, and the The last three bytes of the AS identifier are determined according to the last three bytes of the MAC address.
  • the first identifier is an IP address of the first network device, and the first network device uses the IP address as the AS identifier.
  • the IP address of the first network device is a loopback address of the first network device.
  • the method further includes: the first network device sends the AS identifier to a second network device, so that the second network device can determine the AS identifier Whether the AS identifier generated by the first network device is unique in the BGP network.
  • the second network device is a controller or a core switch.
  • the method further includes: acquiring, by the first network device, an AS identifier of a third network device; The generated AS identifier and the AS identifier of the third network device establish a BGP neighbor relationship with the third network device.
  • a first network device including: an acquisition module, a processing module,
  • an obtaining module configured to obtain a first identifier, where the first identifier is used to identify the first network device in the Border Gateway Protocol BGP network;
  • a processing module configured to generate an AS identifier according to the first identifier, where the AS identifier is used to uniquely identify the first network device in the BGP network.
  • the first identifier includes any one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP address, a media access control MAC address, an electronic serial number of the first network device ESN.
  • the processing module is further configured to: generate a routing identifier Router ID according to the first identifier.
  • the processing module is further configured to: generate a Router ID according to the AS identifier.
  • the first identifier is the MAC address of the first network device
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: generate the AS identifier according to the MAC address , the last three bytes of the AS identifier are determined according to the last three bytes of the MAC address.
  • the first identifier is the IP address of the first network device, and the processing module is specifically configured to: use the IP address as the AS identifier .
  • the IP address of the first network device is the loopback address of the first network device.
  • the first network device further includes: a sending module, configured to send the AS identifier to a second network device, so that the second network device can determine the Whether the AS identifier generated by the first network device is unique in the BGP network.
  • the second network device is a controller or a core switch.
  • the obtaining module is further configured to obtain the AS identifier of the third network device; the processing module is further configured to obtain the AS identifier generated by the first network device according to the The AS identifier and the AS identifier of the third network device establish a BGP neighbor relationship with the third network device.
  • a first network device in a third aspect, has a function of implementing the behavior of the first network device in the above method.
  • the functions can be implemented based on hardware, and can also be implemented based on hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the structure of the first network device includes a processor and an interface, and the processor is configured to support the first network device to perform corresponding functions in the above method.
  • the first network device may also include a memory for coupling with the processor and storing necessary program instructions and data for the first network device.
  • the first network device includes: a processor, a transmitter, a receiver, a random access memory, a read only memory, and a bus.
  • the processor is respectively coupled to the transmitter, the receiver, the random access memory and the read only memory through the bus.
  • the basic input/output system solidified in the read-only memory or the bootloader in the embedded system is used to boot the system to start, and the first network device is guided to enter a normal operation state. After the first network device enters the normal operation state, the application program and the operating system are run in the random access memory, so that the processor executes the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a first network device in a fourth aspect, includes: a main control board and an interface board, and further, may also include a switching network board.
  • the first network device is configured to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the first network device includes a module for executing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a first network device in a fifth aspect, includes a control module and a first forwarding sub-device.
  • the first forwarding sub-device includes: an interface board, and further, may also include a switching network board.
  • the first forwarding sub-device is configured to perform the function of the interface board in the fourth aspect, and further, may also perform the function of the switching network board in the fourth aspect.
  • the control module includes a receiver, a processor, a transmitter, a random access memory, a read-only memory and a bus. Wherein, the processor is respectively coupled to the receiver, the transmitter, the random access memory and the read only memory through the bus.
  • the basic input/output system solidified in the read-only memory or the bootloader in the embedded system is used to boot the system to start, and the control module is guided to enter a normal operation state.
  • the application program and the operating system are run in the random access memory, so that the processor performs the function of the main control board in the fourth aspect.
  • the first network device may include any number of interfaces, processors or memories.
  • a computer program product comprising: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer program code enables the computer to execute the above-mentioned first aspect or any one of the first aspects.
  • a computer-readable medium stores program codes, and when the computer program codes are run on a computer, the computer can execute the first aspect or any one of the first aspects. method of execution.
  • These computer-readable storages include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (erasable PROM, EPROM), Flash memory, electrical EPROM (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) and hard drive (harddrive).
  • a chip in an eighth aspect, includes a processor and a data interface, wherein the processor reads an instruction stored in a memory through the data interface to execute the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect method in .
  • the chip can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller (micro controller unit, MCU), a microprocessor (micro processing unit, MPU), a digital signal processor (digital signal processing, DSP), system on chip (SoC), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or programmable logic device (PLD) ) in the form of implementation.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • MCU microcontroller
  • microprocessor micro processing unit, MPU
  • SoC system on chip
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • a system for automatically generating an AS identifier of an autonomous system includes the above-mentioned first network device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a networking scenario of a campus network.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a DCN networking scenario.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a method for automatically generating an AS identifier of an autonomous system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first network device 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a first network device 2000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the evolution of the architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • references in this specification to "one embodiment” or “some embodiments” and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application.
  • appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” “in other embodiments,” “in other embodiments,” etc. in various places in this specification are not necessarily All refer to the same embodiment, but mean “one or more but not all embodiments” unless specifically emphasized otherwise.
  • the terms “including”, “including”, “having” and their variants mean “including but not limited to” unless specifically emphasized otherwise.
  • At least one means one or more, and “plurality” means two or more.
  • And/or which describes the relationship of the associated objects, means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: including the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are an “or” relationship.
  • At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • At least one (a) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c may be single or multiple .
  • Border Gateway Protocol As a routing protocol of autonomous system (AS), is widely used in various networking scenarios.
  • BGP connects the routes of the underlying network devices in the networking by deploying and establishing BGP neighbors (or communication peers, BGP peers).
  • BGP neighbors or communication peers, BGP peers.
  • BGP is used as the underlay protocol, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the networking scenario may be a campus network, a data center network (DCN), or a software defined wide area network (SD-WAN). The possible networking scenarios are described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 respectively.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a networking scenario of a campus network.
  • the campus network may include network devices such as access switches, aggregation switches, and core switches.
  • the underlay network composed of these network devices can advertise routes through the BGP protocol to achieve Layer 3 routing, thereby supporting overlay network deployment.
  • BGP neighbors can be established between network devices such as access switches, aggregation switches, and core switches that are physically connected to each other.
  • an interface address (optionally, a loopback address can also be configured) may be configured on the physical link interfaces of all network devices, and an AS number (also a loopback address) used by the BGP protocol may be configured on the network device. It can be called AS identification) and router identification (router identification, router ID). The AS number and router ID need to be unique within the Fabric.
  • routes can be configured to advertise loopback addresses to complete the underLay network routing in the fabric.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a DCN networking scenario.
  • the DCN may include: core switches, service switches, fiber channel (FC) machines, storage switches, physical servers, storage devices and other network devices.
  • FC fiber channel
  • the underLay network composed of these network devices advertises network device routes through the BGP protocol to open up Layer 3 routes to support overlay network deployment.
  • Core switches, service switches, fiber switches, storage switches, physical servers, storage devices and other network devices that are physically connected can establish BGP neighbor relationships with each other.
  • an interface address (optionally, a loopback address can also be configured) can be configured on the physical link interfaces of all network devices, and an AS number (also called an AS) used by the BGP protocol can be configured on the network device. ID) and router ID, AS number and routerID need to be unique within the Fabric. Then, configure the specified peer direct link interface address as the BGP PEER address on the network device. After the configuration on the network device is complete, BGP neighbors are successfully established, and all network devices are configured to advertise direct routes.
  • routes can be configured to advertise loopback addresses to complete the underLay network routing in the fabric.
  • AS identifiers need to be manually configured on all network devices, so that the AS identifiers are unique in the BGP network. If the number of network devices is large, the configuration workload will be large, and configuration errors will be easily caused. It will bring great inconvenience to network planning, deployment and operation and maintenance, and the cost will be high. It does not meet the requirements of simple and high-quality network planning. and operational requirements.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for automatically generating an AS identifier of an autonomous system, which can automatically generate an AS identifier on each network device, and does not need to manually configure and plan the AS identifier of each network device, thereby reducing the configuration time.
  • workload achieve minimalist and high-quality network planning, and improve operation and maintenance requirements.
  • problems such as heavy configuration workload and easy configuration errors caused by planning and configuring AS identifiers in advance on network devices are avoided.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a method for automatically generating an AS identifier of an autonomous system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the method may include steps 310-330, and the steps 310-320 will be described in detail below respectively.
  • Step 310 The first network device acquires a first identifier, where the first identifier is used to identify the first network device in the Border Gateway Protocol BGP network.
  • the first identifier obtained by the first network device only needs to be able to identify the first network device in the BGP network.
  • the first identifier may include, but is not limited to, any one of the following: an internet protocol (IP) address, a media access control (media access control, MAC) address, an electronic serial number of the first network device number (electronic serial number, ESN), etc.
  • IP internet protocol
  • MAC media access control
  • ESN electronic serial number
  • the IP address of the first network device may include, but is not limited to: a loopback address, an interface address, and the like of the first network device.
  • Step 320 The first network device generates an AS identifier according to the first identifier, where the AS identifier is used to uniquely identify the first network device in the BGP network.
  • the AS identifier is used to indicate an autonomous system, and the autonomous system indicates an independent technical management domain, which includes multiple network devices. There is only one unique AS identifier for an autonomous system. Usually allocated by telecom operators or uniformly allocated by management equipment of enterprise network. In this case, we should consider that in this technical management domain, each network device has the same AS identifier and is placed in the AS path (AS_PATH) attribute (the definition is taken from RFC4271).
  • the storage method of the AS identifier (still in the AS_PATH attribute) is not changed. But its role has changed.
  • a unique AS identifier is allocated to each network device in the BGP network. This AS ID can be used to establish a BGP peer. Therefore, the AS identifier can also become the private AS identifier of each network device, which is used to uniquely identify a network device in the BGP network. That is to say, the AS identifier of each network device in the BGP network is unique to the network device, and the AS identifiers of different network devices are different.
  • the first network device may generate the AS identifier according to the IP address of the first network device, for example, the Loopback address of the first network device.
  • the first network device may also generate the AS identifier according to the MAC address of the first network device.
  • the first network device may also generate the AS identifier according to the ESN of the first network device.
  • AS identifiers can be automatically generated on each network device, and there is no need to manually configure and plan the AS identifiers of each network device, thereby reducing the workload of configuration, realizing simplified and high-quality network planning, and improving operation and maintenance requirements.
  • problems such as heavy configuration workload and easy configuration errors caused by planning and configuring AS identifiers in advance on network devices are avoided.
  • the first network device may automatically generate the AS identifier according to the MAC address of the first network device. Specifically, for example, the first network device may obtain its own MAC address, and the MAC address may uniquely indicate the first network device. It is assumed that the 48-bit MAC address obtained by the first network device is 0000000011100000111111001000000000110100, which is 00e0.fc39.8034 in dotted hexadecimal. Among them, the first 24Bit of the MAC address represents the organizationally unique identifier (OUI), and the last 24Bit is allocated by the manufacturer.
  • UAI organizationally unique identifier
  • MAC address 00e0.fc39.8034 the first 3 bytes 00e0.fc is the OUI assigned to Company A by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the last 3 bytes 39.8034 are An address number assigned by the business itself. Take the MAC address 00e0.fc39.8034 as an example. Since the MAC address is a 6-byte value and the AS ID is a 4-byte value, in order to realize that the automatically generated AS ID is unique within the Fabric, the first byte of the AS ID The user can plan uniformly, and the last three bytes can be determined according to the last three bytes of the MAC address.
  • the first byte of the AS identifier of the first network device is 0xFF
  • the last three bytes are the last three bytes of the MAC address (for example, 398034). That is, the AS identifier automatically generated by the first network device according to the MAC address is 0xFF398034.
  • the first network device also automatically generates the AS identifier according to the IP address of the device itself.
  • the first network device may obtain its own IP address, and the IP address may uniquely indicate the first network device, and the IP address may be, for example, the IP address of the device or the IP address of the interface. Since the IP address is a 4-byte type value and the AS number is also a 4-byte type value, the first network device can directly use the IP address as an AS identifier.
  • the first network device may also automatically generate a router ID.
  • the first network device may automatically generate a router ID according to the above-mentioned first identifier.
  • the first network device may also automatically generate a router ID according to the aforementioned AS identifier. The specific implementation process of generating the router ID will be described in detail below with specific examples, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the first network device may automatically generate the router ID according to the MAC address of the first network device. Specifically, for example, the first network device may obtain its own MAC address, and the MAC address may uniquely indicate the first network device. Assume that the 48-bit MAC address obtained by the first network device is 0000000011100000111111001000000000110100, which is 00e0.fc39.8034 in dotted hexadecimal. Among them, the first 24Bit of the MAC address represents the organizationally unique identifier (OUI), and the last 24Bit is allocated by the manufacturer.
  • UAI organizationally unique identifier
  • MAC address 00e0.fc39.8034 the first 3 bytes 00e0.fc is the OUI assigned to Company A by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the last 3 bytes 39.8034 are An address number assigned by the business itself. Take the MAC address 00e0.fc39.8034 as an example. Since the MAC address is a 6-byte type value and the AS number is a 4-byte type value, in order to realize that the automatically generated router ID is unique within the fabric, the first byte of the router ID The user can plan uniformly, and the last three bytes can be determined according to the last three bytes of the MAC address.
  • the first byte of the router ID of the first network device is 0xFF
  • the last three bytes are the last three bytes of the MAC address (for example, 398034). That is, the router ID automatically generated by the first network device according to the MAC address is 0xFF398034.
  • the first network device also automatically generates the router ID according to the IP address of the device itself.
  • the first network device may obtain its own IP address, and the IP address may uniquely indicate the first network device, and the IP address may be, for example, the IP address of the device or the IP address of the interface. Since the IP address is a 4-byte type value, and the router ID is also a 4-byte type value, the first network device can directly use the IP address as the router ID.
  • the first network device may also determine the router ID according to the AS identifier.
  • the AS identifier As an example, assuming that there is no configuration plan for any IP addresses (including but not limited to device IP addresses and interface IP addresses) on the first network device, the automatically generated AS identifier can be used as the router ID.
  • the AS number or router ID automatically generated on each network device can be detected to prevent the AS identifier and/or router ID issued by the route.
  • the AS number or router ID automatically generated on each network device can be detected to prevent the AS identifier and/or router ID issued by the route.
  • the controller may collect information such as the AS ID and router ID generated by all network devices in the Fabric. The controller traverses each information to check whether there is an AS ID or router ID conflict. If there is a conflict between the AS ID and router ID of different network devices, an alarm will be reported, and manual confirmation will be processed.
  • the core switch can collect information such as the AS ID and router ID generated by all network devices in the fabric. The core switch traverses each information to check whether there is an AS ID or router ID conflict. If there is a conflict between the AS ID and router ID of different network devices, the core switch will report it to the controller, and the controller will report an alarm, which will be manually confirmed and processed.
  • the first network device can also obtain the AS identifier of the third network device, and obtain the AS identifier of the third network device according to the AS identifier of the first network device and the AS identifier of the third network device. , and establishes an EBGP neighbor (or referred to as an EBGP peer) with the third network device.
  • an EBGP neighbor or referred to as an EBGP peer
  • the BGP may include internal BGP (internalBGP, IBGP) and external BGP (externalBGP, EBGP).
  • IBGP internalBGP
  • EBGP external BGP
  • IBGP internalBGP
  • the configuration of establishing an EBGP neighbor relationship with the third network device on the first network device is as follows:
  • interface LoopBack0ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 represents the address 1.1.1.1 of the LoopBack0 interface on the first network device.
  • the first network device may advertise the 1.1.1.1 host route to a neighbor device (eg, a third network device) through a routing protocol, so that the neighbor device (eg, a third network device) can access the route with the destination address 1.1.1.1 this device.
  • BGP 100 indicates that BGP is enabled and "100" is specified as the AS identifier used for BGP of this device (the first network device). That is to say, it can be assumed that the AS identifier generated by the first network device according to the above method is 100.
  • peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200 means to configure the EBGP PEER address as the address 2.2.2.2 of the LoopBack0 interface of the peer device (for example, the third network device). It is assumed that the AS identifier of the third network device obtained by the first network device is 200. The first network device may also bind the BGP AS number "200" of the peer device (for example, the third network device).
  • the configuration of establishing an EBGP neighbor relationship with the first network device on the third network device is as follows:
  • Interface LoopBack0ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 represents the address 2.2.2.2 of the LoopBack0 interface on the third network device.
  • the third network device can advertise the 2.2.2.2 host route to the neighbor device (eg, the first network device) through the routing protocol, so that the neighbor device (eg, the first network device) can access through the route whose destination address is 2.2.2.2 this device.
  • BGP indicates that BGP is enabled and "200" is specified as the AS ID used by the device (third network device) for BGP. That is to say, it can be assumed that the AS identifier generated by the third network device according to the above method is 200.
  • peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100 indicates that the EBGP PEER address is configured as the address 1.1.1.1 of the LoopBack0 interface of the peer device (for example, the first network device). It is assumed that the AS identifier of the first network device obtained by the third network device is 100.
  • the third network device may also bind the BGP AS number "100" of the peer device (for example, the first network device).
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the sequence of execution, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not be dealt with in the embodiments of the present application. implementation constitutes any limitation.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first network device 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first network device 400 shown in FIG. 4 may perform the corresponding steps performed by the first network device in the methods of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the first network device 400 includes: an acquisition module 410, a processing module 420,
  • an obtaining module 410 configured to obtain a first identifier, where the first identifier is used to identify the first network device in the Border Gateway Protocol BGP network;
  • the processing module 420 is configured to generate an AS identifier according to the first identifier, where the AS identifier is used to uniquely identify the first network device in the BGP network.
  • the first identifier includes any one of the following: an Internet Protocol IP address, a medium access control MAC address, and an electronic serial number ESN of the first network device.
  • the processing module 420 is further configured to: generate a routing identifier Router ID according to the first identifier.
  • the processing module 420 is further configured to: generate a Router ID according to the AS identifier.
  • the first identifier is the MAC address of the first network device
  • the processing module is specifically configured to: generate the AS identifier according to the MAC address, and the last three bytes of the AS identifier are Determined according to the last three bytes of the MAC address.
  • the first identifier is an IP address of the first network device, and the processing module 420 is specifically configured to: use the IP address as the AS identifier.
  • the IP address of the first network device is a loopback address of the first network device.
  • the first network device 400 further includes: a sending module 430, configured to send the AS identifier to the second network device, so that the second network device can determine that the AS identifier generated by the first network device is in the Whether it is unique in the BGP network.
  • a sending module 430 configured to send the AS identifier to the second network device, so that the second network device can determine that the AS identifier generated by the first network device is in the Whether it is unique in the BGP network.
  • the second network device is a controller or a core switch.
  • the obtaining module 410 is further configured to obtain the AS identifier of the third network device; the processing module 420 is further configured to obtain the AS identifier generated by the first network device and the AS identifier of the third network device. AS identifier, and establishes a BGP neighbor relationship with the third network device.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a first network device 2000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first network device 2000 shown in FIG. 5 may perform the corresponding steps performed by the first network device in the methods of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the first network device 2000 includes a processor 2001 , a memory 2002 , an interface 2003 and a bus 2004 .
  • the interface 2003 may be implemented in a wireless or wired manner, and may specifically be a network card.
  • the above-mentioned processor 2001 , memory 2002 and interface 2003 are connected through a bus 2004 .
  • the interface 2003 may specifically include a transmitter and a receiver, which are used by the first network device to implement the above-mentioned transceiving.
  • the processor 2001 is configured to execute the processing performed by the first network device in the foregoing embodiment. For example, for obtaining a first identification; generating an AS identification from the first identification; and/or for other processes of the techniques described herein.
  • the memory 2002 includes an operating system 20021 and an application program 20022 for storing programs, codes or instructions. When the processor or hardware device executes these programs, codes or instructions, the processing process involving the first network device in the method embodiment can be completed.
  • the memory 2002 may include read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM).
  • the ROM includes a basic input/output system (basic input/output system, BIOS) or an embedded system
  • the RAM includes an application program and an operating system.
  • the system is booted through the BIOS solidified in the ROM or the bootloader in the embedded system, and the first network device 2000 is guided into a normal operation state.
  • the application program and the operating system running in the RAM thus, the processing process involving the first network device 2000 in the method embodiment is completed.
  • FIG. 5 only shows a simplified design of the first network device 2000 .
  • the first network device may contain any number of interfaces, processors or memories.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable medium, where program codes are stored in the computer-readable medium, and when the computer program codes are run on a computer, the computer executes the method performed by the first network device.
  • These computer-readable storages include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (erasable PROM, EPROM), Flash memory, electrical EPROM (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) and hard drive (harddrive).
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, which is applied to the first network device, the chip system includes: at least one processor, at least one memory, and an interface circuit, where the interface circuit is responsible for information between the chip system and the outside world interaction, the at least one memory, the interface circuit and the at least one processor are interconnected by a wire, and the at least one memory stores instructions; the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to perform the above aspects The operation of the first network device in the method.
  • the chip can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller (micro controller unit, MCU), a microprocessor (micro processing unit, MPU), a digital signal processor (digital signal processing, DSP), system on chip (SoC), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or programmable logic device (PLD) ) in the form of implementation.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • MCU microcontroller
  • MPU microprocessor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • SoC system on chip
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, which is applied to a first network device, where the computer program product includes a series of instructions, when the instructions are executed, to perform the methods described in the above aspects. Operation of the first network device.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法，包括：第一网络设备获取第一标识，所述第一标识用于在边界网关协议BGP网络中标识所述第一网络设备；所述第一网络设备根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，所述AS标识用于在所述BGP网络中唯一标识所述第一网络设备。上述技术方案可以自动生成AS标识，减小配置的工作量、实现极简高品质的网络规划、提升运维诉求。

Description

自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法、第一网络设备及系统
本申请要求于2021年03月09日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110254463.0、申请名称为“自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法、第一网络设备及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及网络通信，具体的，涉及一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法、第一网络设备及系统。
背景技术
边界网关协议(border gateway protocol，BGP)作为一种自治系统(autonomous system，AS)的路由协议，广泛应用于各种组网场景。BGP作为各种组网场景的底层(underlay)协议，通过部署和建立BGP邻居(或称为通信对端、BGP对等体(BGP peer))将组网内的underlay网络设备的路由打通。
在建立上述BGP邻居时，网络设备需要获取AS标识。相关的技术方案中，网络设备之间建立BGP邻居的过程中，需要在所有的网络设备上手动配置AS标识，以使得AS标识在BGP网络内唯一。如果网络设备的数量较多，就会导致配置工作量较大，且容易配置出错，对于网络规划部署和运维都带来了很大不便，且成本较高，不满足极简高品质网络规划和运维诉求。
发明内容
本申请提供一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法、第一网络设备以及系统，可以在网络设备上自动生成AS标识，从而减小手动配置AS标识的工作量、实现极简高品质的网络规划、提升运维诉求。
第一方面，提供了一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法，包括：第一网络设备获取第一标识，所述第一标识用于在边界网关协议BGP网络中标识所述第一网络设备；所述第一网络设备根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，所述AS标识用于在所述BGP网络中唯一标识所述第一网络设备。
上述技术方案中，可以在各个网络设备上自动生成AS标识，不需要手动配置和规划各个网络设备的AS标识，从而减小配置的工作量、实现极简高品质的网络规划、提升运维诉求。避免相关技术中在网络设备上提前规划和配置AS标识所导致的配置工作量大、容易配置出错等问题。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一标识包括以下中的任一种：所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址、介质访问控制MAC地址、电子序列号ESN。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一网络设备 根据所述第一标识生成路由标识Router ID。
上述技术方案中，还可以在各个网络设备上自动生成Router ID，不需要手动配置和规划各个网络设备的Router ID，从而减小配置的工作量、实现极简高品质的网络规划、提升运维诉求。避免相关技术中在网络设备上提前规划和配置Router ID所导致的配置工作量大、容易配置出错等问题。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一网络设备根据所述AS标识生成Router ID。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的MAC地址，所述第一网络设备根据所述MAC地址生成所述AS标识，所述AS标识的后三个字节是根据所述MAC地址的后三个字节确定的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的IP地址，所述第一网络设备将所述IP地址作为所述AS标识。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一网络设备的IP地址为所述第一网络设备的环回Loopback地址。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一网络设备向第二网络设备发送所述AS标识，以便于所述第二网络设备确定所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识在所述BGP网络中是否唯一。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二网络设备为控制器或核心交换机。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一网络设备获取第三网络设备的AS标识；所述第一网络设备根据所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识和所述第三网络设备的AS标识，与所述第三网络设备建立BGP邻居。
第二方面，提供了一种第一网络设备，包括：获取模块，处理模块，
获取模块，用于获取第一标识，所述第一标识用于在边界网关协议BGP网络中标识所述第一网络设备；
处理模块，用于根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，所述AS标识用于在所述BGP网络中唯一标识所述第一网络设备。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一标识包括以下中的任一种：所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址、介质访问控制MAC地址、电子序列号ESN。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理模块还用于：根据所述第一标识生成路由标识Router ID。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述处理模块还用于：根据所述AS标识生成Router ID。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的MAC地址，所述处理模块具体用于：根据所述MAC地址生成所述AS标识，所述AS标识的后三个字节是根据所述MAC地址的后三个字节确定的。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的IP地址，所述处理模块具体用于：将所述IP地址作为所述AS标识。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一网络设备的IP地址为所述 第一网络设备的环回Loopback地址。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，第一网络设备还包括：发送模块，用于向第二网络设备发送所述AS标识，以便于所述第二网络设备确定所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识在所述BGP网络中是否唯一。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第二网络设备为控制器或核心交换机。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述获取模块，还用于获取第三网络设备的AS标识；所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识和所述第三网络设备的AS标识，与所述第三网络设备建立BGP邻居。
第三方面，提供了一种第一网络设备，所述第一网络设备具有实现上述方法中第一网络设备行为的功能。所述功能可以基于硬件实现，也可以基于硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一个可能的设计中，第一网络设备的结构中包括处理器和接口，所述处理器被配置为支持第一网络设备执行上述方法中相应的功能。
所述第一网络设备还可以包括存储器，所述存储器用于与处理器耦合，其保存第一网络设备必要的程序指令和数据。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述第一网络设备包括：处理器、发送器、接收器、随机存取存储器、只读存储器以及总线。其中，处理器通过总线分别耦接发送器、接收器、随机存取存储器以及只读存储器。其中，当需要运行第一网络设备时，通过固化在只读存储器中的基本输入/输出系统或者嵌入式系统中的bootloader引导系统进行启动，引导第一网络设备进入正常运行状态。在第一网络设备进入正常运行状态后，在随机存取存储器中运行应用程序和操作系统，使得该处理器执行第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第四方面，提供了一种第一网络设备，所述第一网络设备包括：主控板和接口板，进一步，还可以包括交换网板。所述第一网络设备用于执行第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。具体地，所述第一网络设备包括用于执行第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的模块。
第五方面，提供一种第一网络设备，所述第一网络设备包括控制模块和第一转发子设备。所述第一转发子设备包括：接口板，进一步，还可以包括交换网板。所述第一转发子设备用于执行第四方面中的接口板的功能，进一步，还可以执行第四方面中交换网板的功能。所述控制模块中包括接收器、处理器、发送器、随机存取存储器、只读存储器以及总线。其中，处理器通过总线分别耦接接收器、发送器、随机存取存储器以及只读存储器。其中，当需要运行控制模块时，通过固化在只读存储器中的基本输入/输出系统或者嵌入式系统中的bootloader引导系统进行启动，引导控制模块进入正常运行状态。在控制模块进入正常运行状态后，在随机存取存储器中运行应用程序和操作系统，使得该处理器执行第四方面中主控板的功能。
可以理解的是，在实际应用中，第一网络设备可以包含任意数量的接口，处理器或者存储器。
第六方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码， 当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能执行的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能执行的方法。这些计算机可读存储包括但不限于如下的一个或者多个：只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程ROM(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除的PROM(erasable PROM，EPROM)、Flash存储器、电EPROM(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)以及硬盘驱动器(harddrive)。
第八方面，提供一种芯片，该芯片包括处理器与数据接口，其中，处理器通过该数据接口读取存储器上存储的指令，以执行第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式中的方法。在具体实现过程中，该芯片可以以中央处理器(centralprocessingunit，CPU)、微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)、微处理器(micro processing unit，MPU)、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、片上系统(system on chip，SoC)、专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或可编辑逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)的形式实现。
第九方面，提供了一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的系统，该系统包括上述第一网络设备。
附图说明
图1是园区网络的组网场景示意图。
图2是DCN的组网场景示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法的示意性框图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种第一网络设备400的示意性结构图。
图5是本申请实施例的第一网络设备2000的硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请将围绕包括多个设备、组件、模块等的系统来呈现各个方面、实施例或特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个系统可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以使用这些方案的组合。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例的”、“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
本申请实施例中，“相应的(corresponding，relevant)”和“对应的(corresponding)”有时可以混用，应当指出的是，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术 问题，同样适用。
在本说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”等意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此，在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例，而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及它们的变形都意味着“包括但不限于”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：包括单独存在A，同时存在A和B，以及单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
边界网关协议(border gateway protocol，BGP)作为一种自治系统(autonomous system，AS)的路由协议，广泛应用于各种组网场景。BGP作为各种组网场景的底层(underlay)协议，通过部署和建立BGP邻居(或称为通信对端、BGP对等体(BGP peer))将组网内的underlay网络设备的路由打通。以BGP作为underlay协议的组网场景可以有多种，本申请对此不做具体限定。例如，该组网场景可以是园区网络，或者还可以是数据中心网络(data center network，DCN)，或者还可以是软件定义广域网(software defined wide area network，SD-WAN)。下面分别结合图1-图2，对可能的组网场景进行详细描述。
图1是园区网络的组网场景示意图。如图1所示，作为示例，该园区网络中可以包括：接入交换机、汇聚交换机和核心交换机等网络设备。这些网络设备组成的underlay网络可以通过BGP协议发布路由实现三层路由打通，从而支撑overlay网络部署。
在图1中，接入交换机、汇聚交换机和核心交换机等两两物理相连的网络设备之间可以相互建立BGP邻居。具体的，作为示例，可以在所有网络设备的物理链路接口上配置接口地址(可选地，还可以配置环回(Loopback)地址)，并在网络设备上配置BGP协议使用的AS号(也可以称为AS标识)和路由器标识(router identification，router ID)，AS号和router ID需要在Fabric内惟一。再在网络设备上配置指定对端直连链路接口地址作为BGP PEER地址。网络设备上的配置完成后，BGP邻居建立成功，所有网络设备配置发布直连路由，可选地，还可配置发布Loopback地址路由完成Fabric内underLay网络路由打通。
图2是DCN的组网场景示意图。如图2所示，作为示例，该DCN中可以包括：核心交换机，业务交换机，光纤交换(fiber channel，FC)机，存储交换机，物理服务器，存储设备等网络设备。这些网络设备组成的underLay网络通过BGP协议发布网络设备路由进行三层路由打通，来支撑overlay网络部署。
核心交换机，业务交换机，光纤交换机，存储交换机，物理服务器，存储设备等两两物理相连的网络设备之间可以相互建立BGP邻居。具体的，作为示例，可以在所有网络设备的物理链路接口上配置接口地址(可选地，还可以配置Loopback地址)，并在网络 设备上配置BGP协议使用的AS号(也可以称为AS标识)和router ID，AS号和routerID需要在Fabric内惟一。再在网络设备上配置指定对端直连链路接口地址作为BGP PEER地址。网络设备上的配置完成后，BGP邻居建立成功，所有网络设备配置发布直连路由，可选地，还可配置发布Loopback地址路由完成Fabric内underLay网络路由打通。
在上述两两物理相连的网络设备之间建立BGP邻居的过程中，需要在所有的网络设备上手动配置AS标识，以使得AS标识在BGP网络内唯一。如果网络设备的数量较多，就会导致配置工作量较大，且容易配置出错，对于网络规划部署和运维都带来了很大不便，且成本较高，不满足极简高品质网络规划和运维诉求。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法，可以在各个网络设备上自动生成AS标识，不需要手动配置和规划各个网络设备的AS标识，从而减小配置的工作量、实现极简高品质的网络规划、提升运维诉求。避免相关技术中在网络设备上提前规划和配置AS标识所导致的配置工作量大、容易配置出错等问题。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法的示意性框图。如图3所示，该方法可以包括步骤310-330，下面分别对步骤310-320进行详细描述。
步骤310：第一网络设备获取第一标识，所述第一标识用于在边界网关协议BGP网络中标识所述第一网络设备。
第一网络设备获取的第一标识只要可以在BGP网络中标识所述第一网络设备即可。其具体的实现方式有多种，本申请对此不做具体限制。作为示例，该第一标识可以包括但不限于以下中的任一种：所述第一网络设备的互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址、介质访问控制(media access control，MAC)地址、电子序列号(electronic serial number，ESN)等。举例说明，该第一网络设备的IP地址可以包括但不限于：所述第一网络设备的环回Loopback地址、接口地址等。
步骤320：第一网络设备根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，所述AS标识用于在所述BGP网络中唯一标识所述第一网络设备。
应理解，现有技术中，AS标识用于指示一个自治系统，该自治系统指示了一个独立的技术管理域，在这个技术管理域中包括多个网络设备。对于一个自治系统只有一个唯一的AS标识。通常由电信运营商分配或者由企业网的管理设备统一分配。在这种情况下，我们应当认为，在这个技术管理域中，每台网络设备都有保存相同的AS标识，并放在AS路径(AS_PATH)属性内(定义取自RFC4271)。
而在本申请中，并没有改变AS标识存放方式(依然在AS_PATH属性内)。但是其作用发生了改变。本申请中，为BGP网络中的每个网络设备分配一个唯一的AS标识。这个AS标识可以用于建立BGP peer。因此，这个AS标识也可以成为每个网络设备的私有AS标识，用于在BGP网络中唯一标识一个网络设备。也就是说，在BGP网络中每个网络设备的AS标识对于该网络设备而言具有唯一性，不同网络设备的AS标识均不同。
第一网络设备根据第一标识生成AS标识的具体实现方式有多种，本申请对此不做具体限定。一个示例，第一网络设备可以根据第一网络设备的IP地址，例如，第一网络设备的Loopback地址生成AS标识。另一个示例，第一网络设备还可以根据第一网络设备的MAC地址生成AS标识。另一个示例，第一网络设备还可以根据第一网络设备的ESN生成AS标识。下面会结合具体的例子，对生成AS标识的具体实现过程进行详细描述， 此处暂不详述。
上述技术方案中，可以在各个网络设备上自动生成AS标识，不需要手动配置和规划各个网络设备的AS标识，从而减小配置的工作量、实现极简高品质的网络规划、提升运维诉求。避免相关技术中在网络设备上提前规划和配置AS标识所导致的配置工作量大、容易配置出错等问题。
下面结合具体的例子，对本申请实施例提供的一种自动生成AS标识的方法的具体实现过程进行详细描述。应理解，下面的例子仅仅是为了帮助本领域技术人员理解本申请实施例，而非要将申请实施例限制于所示例的具体数值或具体场景。本领域技术人员根据下面所给出的下面的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改和变化也落入本申请实施例的范围内。
一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备可以根据第一网络设备的MAC地址自动生成AS标识。具体的，举例说明，第一网络设备可以获取自身的MAC地址，该MAC地址可以唯一指示该第一网络设备。假设第一网络设备获取的48Bit的MAC地址为0000000011100000111111001000000000110100，表示为点分十六进制就是00e0.fc39.8034。其中，MAC地址的前24Bit代表组织唯一标识符(organizationally unique identifier，OUI)，后24Bit由厂商自己分配。例如，MAC地址00e0.fc39.8034，前面的3个字节00e0.fc是电气与电子工程师协会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)分配给A公司的OUI，后面的3个字节39.8034是由企业自己分配的地址编号。以MAC地址00e0.fc39.8034为例，由于MAC地址为6字节类型数值，AS标识为4字节类型数值，为了实现自动生成的AS标识在Fabric内唯一，AS标识的第1个字节可以用户统一规划，后3个字节可以根据所述MAC地址的后三个字节确定。例如，该第一网络设备的AS标识的第1个字节取0xFF，后3个字节取MAC地址的后3个字节(例如398034)。即该第一网络设备根据MAC地址自动生成的AS标识为0xFF398034。
另一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备也根据设备自身的IP地址自动生成AS标识。具体的，第一网络设备可以获取自身的IP地址，该IP地址可以唯一指示该第一网络设备，该IP地址例如可以是设备的IP地址，或者接口的IP地址。由于IP地址为4字节类型数值，AS号也为4字节类型数值，第一网络设备可以将该IP地址直接作为AS标识。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一网络设备还可以自动生成router ID。具体的实现方式有多种，一个示例，第一网络设备可以根据上述第一标识自动生成router ID。另一个示例，第一网络设备还可以根据上述AS标识自动生成router ID。下面会结合具体的例子，对生成router ID的具体实现过程进行详细描述，此处暂不详述。
下面结合具体的例子，对第一网络设备自动生成router ID的方法的具体实现过程进行详细描述。应理解，下面的例子仅仅是为了帮助本领域技术人员理解本申请实施例，而非要将申请实施例限制于所示例的具体数值或具体场景。本领域技术人员根据下面所给出的下面的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改和变化也落入本申请实施例的范围内。
一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备可以根据第一网络设备的MAC地址自动生成router ID。具体的，举例说明，第一网络设备可以获取自身的MAC地址，该MAC地址可以唯一指示该第一网络设备。假设第一网络设备获取的48Bit的MAC地址为 0000000011100000111111001000000000110100，表示为点分十六进制就是00e0.fc39.8034。其中，MAC地址的前24Bit代表组织唯一标识符(organizationally unique identifier，OUI)，后24Bit由厂商自己分配。例如，MAC地址00e0.fc39.8034，前面的3个字节00e0.fc是电气与电子工程师协会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)分配给A公司的OUI，后面的3个字节39.8034是由企业自己分配的地址编号。以MAC地址00e0.fc39.8034为例，由于MAC地址为6字节类型数值，AS号为4字节类型数值，为了实现自动生成的router ID在Fabric内唯一，router ID的第1个字节可以用户统一规划，后3个字节可以根据所述MAC地址的后三个字节确定。例如，该第一网络设备的router ID的第1个字节取0xFF，后3个字节取MAC地址的后3个字节(例如398034)。即该第一网络设备根据MAC地址自动生成的router ID为0xFF398034。
另一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备也根据设备自身的IP地址自动生成router ID。具体的，第一网络设备可以获取自身的IP地址，该IP地址可以唯一指示该第一网络设备，该IP地址例如可以是设备的IP地址，或者接口的IP地址。由于IP地址为4字节类型数值，router ID也为4字节类型数值，第一网络设备可以将该IP地址直接作为router ID。
另一种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备还可以根据AS标识确定router ID。作为示例，假设第一网络设备上无任何IP地址(包括不限于设备IP地址和接口IP地址)配置规划的情况下，可使用上述自动化生成的AS标识作为router ID。
可选地，在网络设备根据上述方法自动生成AS标识和/或router ID后，可以对各个网络设备上自动生成的AS号或router ID进行检测，防止通过路由发布的AS标识和/或router ID不会冲突。下面对几种不同的实现方式进行详细描述。
一种可能的实现方式中，控制器可以收集Fabric内所有网络设备生成的AS标识和router ID等信息。由控制器遍历各个信息，检查是否存在AS标识或router ID冲突。如果存在不同网络设备的AS标识和router ID冲突则上报告警，由人工确认处理。
另一种可能的实现方式中，核心交换机可以收集Fabric内所有网络设备生成的AS标识和router ID等信息。由核心交换机遍历各个信息，检查是否存在AS标识或router ID冲突。如果存在不同网络设备的AS标识和router ID冲突，则由核心交换机上报给控制器，并由控制器上报告警，由人工确认处理。
可选地，在第一网络设备自动生成到上述AS标识后，该第一网络设备还可以获取第三网络设备的AS标识，并根据第一网络设备的AS标识和第三网络设备的AS标识，与所述第三网络设备建立EBGP邻居(或称为EBGP peer)。
应理解，BGP可以包括内部BGP(internalBGP，IBGP)和外部BGP(externalBGP，EBGP)。其中，EBGP用于在不同的自治系统间交换路由信息，IBGP用于在自治系统内交换路由信息。
以第一网络设备为例，第一网络设备上建立和第三网络设备的EBGP邻居的配置如下：
interface LoopBack0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
bgp 100
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 2.2.2.2 ebgp-max-hop 255
其中，“interface LoopBack0ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255”表示第一网络设备上LoopBack0接口地址1.1.1.1。第一网络设备可以通过路由协议把1.1.1.1主机路由进行发布给邻居设备(例如，第三网络设备)，使邻居设备(例如，第三网络设备)可通过此目的地址为1.1.1.1路由访问本设备。
“bgp 100”表示配置BGP使能并指定“100”为本设备(第一网络设备)BGP用的AS标识。也就是说，可以假设第一网络设备根据上述方法自行生成的AS标识为100。
“peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200”表示配置EBGP PEER地址为对端设备(例如，第三网络设备)的LoopBack0接口地址2.2.2.2。假设第一网络设备获取的第三网络设备的AS标识为200。第一网络设备还可以同时绑定对端设备(例如，第三网络设备)的BGP AS号“200”。
以第三网络设备为例，第三网络设备上建立和第一网络设备的EBGP邻居的配置如下：
interface LoopBack0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
bgp 200
peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100
peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 255
其中，“interface LoopBack0ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255”表示第三网络设备上LoopBack0接口地址2.2.2.2。第三网络设备可以通过路由协议把2.2.2.2主机路由进行发布给邻居设备(例如，第一网络设备)，使邻居设备(例如，第一网络设备)可通过此目的地址为2.2.2.2路由访问本设备。
“bgp200”表示配置BGP使能并指定“200”为本设备(第三网络设备)BGP用的AS标识。也就是说，可以假设第三网络设备根据上述方法自行生成的AS标识为200。
“peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100”表示配置EBGP PEER地址为对端设备(例如，第一网络设备)的LoopBack0接口地址1.1.1.1。假设第三网络设备获取的第一网络设备的AS标识为100。第三网络设备还可以同时绑定对端设备(例如，第一网络设备)的BGP AS号“100”。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
上文结合图1至图3，详细描述了本申请实施例提供的一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法，下面将结合图4至图5，详细描述本申请的装置的实施例。应理解，方法实施例的描述与装置实施例的描述相互对应，因此，未详细描述的部分可以参见前面方法实施例。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种第一网络设备400的示意性结构图。图4所示的该第一网络设备400可以执行上述实施例的方法中第一网络设备执行的相应步骤。如图4所示， 所述第一网络设备400包括：获取模块410、处理模块420，
获取模块410，用于获取第一标识，所述第一标识用于在边界网关协议BGP网络中标识所述第一网络设备；
处理模块420，用于根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，所述AS标识用于在所述BGP网络中唯一标识所述第一网络设备。
可选地，所述第一标识包括以下中的任一种：所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址、介质访问控制MAC地址、电子序列号ESN。
可选地，所述处理模块420还用于：根据所述第一标识生成路由标识Router ID。
可选地，所述处理模块420还用于：根据所述AS标识生成Router ID。
可选地，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的MAC地址，所述处理模块具体用于：根据所述MAC地址生成所述AS标识，所述AS标识的后三个字节是根据所述MAC地址的后三个字节确定的。
可选地，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的IP地址，所述处理模块420具体用于：将所述IP地址作为所述AS标识。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一网络设备的IP地址为所述第一网络设备的环回Loopback地址。
可选地，第一网络设备400还包括：发送模块430，用于向第二网络设备发送所述AS标识，以便于所述第二网络设备确定所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识在所述BGP网络中是否唯一。
可选地，所述第二网络设备为控制器或核心交换机。
可选地，所述获取模块410，还用于获取第三网络设备的AS标识；所述处理模块420，还用于根据所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识和所述第三网络设备的AS标识，与所述第三网络设备建立BGP邻居。
图5是本申请实施例的第一网络设备2000的硬件结构示意图。图5所示第一网络设备2000可以执行上述实施例的方法中第一网络设备执行的相应步骤。
如图5所示，所述第一网络设备2000包括处理器2001、存储器2002、接口2003和总线2004。其中接口2003可以通过无线或有线的方式实现，具体来讲可以是网卡。上述处理器2001、存储器2002和接口2003通过总线2004连接。
所述接口2003具体可以包括发送器和接收器，用于第一网络设备实现上述收发。
所述处理器2001用于执行上述实施例中由第一网络设备进行的处理。例如，用于获取第一标识；根据所述第一标识生成AS标识；和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其他过程。存储器2002包括操作系统20021和应用程序20022，用于存储程序、代码或指令，当处理器或硬件设备执行这些程序、代码或指令时可以完成方法实施例中涉及第一网络设备的处理过程。可选的，所述存储器2002可以包括只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)和随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)。其中，所述ROM包括基本输入/输出系统(basic input/output system，BIOS)或嵌入式系统；所述RAM包括应用程序和操作系统。当需要运行第一网络设备2000时，通过固化在ROM中的BIOS或者嵌入式系统中的bootloader引导系统进行启动，引导第一网络设备2000进入正常运行状态。在第一网络设备2000进入正常运行状态后，运行在RAM中的应用程序和操作系统，从而，完成 方法实施例中涉及第一网络设备2000的处理过程。
可以理解的是，图5仅仅示出了第一网络设备2000的简化设计。在实际应用中，第一网络设备可以包含任意数量的接口，处理器或者存储器。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一网络设备执行的方法。这些计算机可读存储包括但不限于如下的一个或者多个：只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程ROM(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除的PROM(erasable PROM，EPROM)、Flash存储器、电EPROM(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)以及硬盘驱动器(harddrive)。
本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片系统，应用于第一网络设备中，该芯片系统包括：至少一个处理器、至少一个存储器和接口电路，所述接口电路负责所述芯片系统与外界的信息交互，所述至少一个存储器、所述接口电路和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述至少一个存储器中存储有指令；所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行，以进行上述各个方面的所述的方法中所述第一网络设备的操作。
在具体实现过程中，该芯片可以以中央处理器(centralprocessingunit，CPU)、微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)、微处理器(micro processing unit，MPU)、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、片上系统(system on chip，SoC)、专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或可编辑逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)的形式实现。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，应用于第一网络设备中，所述计算机程序产品包括一系列指令，当所述指令被运行时，以进行上述各个方面的所述的方法中所述第一网络设备的操作。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各 个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一网络设备获取第一标识，所述第一标识用于在边界网关协议BGP网络中标识所述第一网络设备；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，所述AS标识用于在所述BGP网络中唯一标识所述第一网络设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一标识包括以下中的任一种：所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址、介质访问控制MAC地址、电子序列号ESN。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一标识生成路由标识Router ID。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述AS标识生成Router ID。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的MAC地址，所述第一网络设备根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述MAC地址生成所述AS标识，所述AS标识的后三个字节是根据所述MAC地址的后三个字节确定的。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的IP地址，所述第一网络设备根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，包括：
    所述第一网络设备将所述IP地址作为所述AS标识。
  7. 根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备的IP地址为所述第一网络设备的环回Loopback地址。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备向第二网络设备发送所述AS标识，以便于所述第二网络设备确定所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识在所述BGP网络中是否唯一。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二网络设备为控制器或核心交换机。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备获取第三网络设备的AS标识；
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识和所述第三网络设备的AS标识，与所述第三网络设备建立BGP邻居。
  11. 一种第一网络设备，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取第一标识，所述第一标识用于在边界网关协议BGP网络中标识所述第一网络设备；
    处理模块，用于根据所述第一标识生成AS标识，所述AS标识用于在所述BGP网络中唯一标识所述第一网络设备。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一标识包括以下中的任一种：所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址、介质访问控制MAC地址、电子序列 号ESN。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    根据所述第一标识生成路由标识Router ID。
  14. 根据权利要求11或12所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    根据所述AS标识生成Router ID。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的MAC地址，
    所述处理模块具体用于：根据所述MAC地址生成所述AS标识，所述AS标识的后三个字节是根据所述MAC地址的后三个字节确定的。
  16. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一标识为所述第一网络设备的IP地址，
    所述处理模块具体用于：将所述IP地址作为所述AS标识。
  17. 根据权利要求12至16中任一项所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备的IP地址为所述第一网络设备的环回Loopback地址。
  18. 根据权利要求11至17中任一项所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    发送模块，用于向第二网络设备发送所述AS标识，以便于所述第二网络设备确定所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识在所述BGP网络中是否唯一。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，所述第二网络设备为控制器或核心交换机。
  20. 根据权利要求11至19中任一项所述的第一网络设备，其特征在于，
    所述获取模块，还用于获取第三网络设备的AS标识；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一网络设备生成的AS标识和所述第三网络设备的AS标识，与所述第三网络设备建立BGP邻居。
  21. 一种自动生成自治系统AS标识的系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求11至20中任一项所述的第一网络设备。
PCT/CN2022/077263 2021-03-09 2022-02-22 自动生成自治系统as标识的方法、第一网络设备及系统 WO2022188624A1 (zh)

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