WO2022183309A1 - Procédés d'atténuation d'interférence pour un système de communication sans fil - Google Patents

Procédés d'atténuation d'interférence pour un système de communication sans fil Download PDF

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WO2022183309A1
WO2022183309A1 PCT/CN2021/078393 CN2021078393W WO2022183309A1 WO 2022183309 A1 WO2022183309 A1 WO 2022183309A1 CN 2021078393 W CN2021078393 W CN 2021078393W WO 2022183309 A1 WO2022183309 A1 WO 2022183309A1
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Prior art keywords
resources
node
communication
nodes
resource
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PCT/CN2021/078393
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English (en)
Inventor
Shuping Chen
Yan Li
Lu Gao
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Qualcomm Incorporated
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/078393 priority Critical patent/WO2022183309A1/fr
Publication of WO2022183309A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022183309A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference

Definitions

  • aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to techniques for interference mitigation.
  • Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcasts, or other similar types of services.
  • These wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources with those users (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or other resources) .
  • Multiple-access technologies can rely on any of code division, time division, frequency division orthogonal frequency division, single-carrier frequency division, or time division synchronous code division, to name a few.
  • These and other multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level.
  • Certain aspects can be implemented in a method for wireless communication by a first node.
  • the method generally includes measuring energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes, selecting one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels, and transmitting, to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • the first node generally includes means for measuring energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes, means for selecting one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels, and means for transmitting, to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • the first node generally includes a processing system configured to measure energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes, and select one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels, and a transmitter configured to transmit, to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • the apparatus generally includes a processing system configured to measure energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes, and select one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels, and an interface configured to output, for transmission to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • Certain aspects can be implemented in a computer-readable medium for wireless communications by a first node, comprising codes executable to measure energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes, select one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels, and output, for transmission to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • an apparatus operable, configured, or otherwise adapted to perform the aforementioned methods as well as those described herein; non-transitory, computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a processing system, cause the processing system to perform the aforementioned methods as well as those described herein; a computer program product embodied on a computer readable storage medium comprising code for performing the aforementioned methods as well as those further described herein; and an apparatus comprising means for performing the aforementioned methods as well as those further described herein.
  • an apparatus may comprise a processing system, a device with a processing system, or processing systems cooperating over one or more networks.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example wireless communication network.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating aspects of an example a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) .
  • BS base station
  • UE user equipment
  • FIGS. 3A-3D depict various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations for wireless communication, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates example techniques for resources selection, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates example techniques for resource selection using a threshold comparison, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a call flow diagram illustrating example techniques for resource selection, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a communications device that may include various components configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein.
  • a centralized node may measure energy levels of resources that are candidates for communication with one or more child nodes of the centralized node. Based on the measurements, the centralized node may select one or more of the resources to be allocated to the one or more child nodes for communication. In this manner, the centralized node can select resources in a manner that mitigates interference to communications of the centralized node without coordination with other centralized nodes.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an example of a wireless communications system 100, in which aspects described herein may be implemented.
  • wireless communications system 100 includes base stations (BSs) 102, user equipments (UEs) 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and core network 190 (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC) ) , which interoperate to provide wireless communications services.
  • BSs base stations
  • UEs user equipments
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • core network 190 e.g., a 5G Core (5GC)
  • 5GC 5G Core
  • Base stations 102 may provide an access point to the EPC 160 and/or core network 190 for a UE 104, and may perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity) , inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) , subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM) , paging, positioning, delivery of warning messages, among other functions.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • RAN radio access network
  • MBMS multimedia broadcast multicast service
  • RIM RAN information management
  • Base stations may include and/or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, or a transceiver function, or a transmit reception point (TRP) in various contexts.
  • gNB Node B
  • eNB an access point
  • base transceiver station a radio base station
  • radio transceiver or a transceiver function
  • TRP transmit reception point
  • Base stations 102 wirelessly communicate with UEs 104 via communications links 120. Each of base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110, which may overlap in some cases. For example, small cell 102’ (e.g., a low-power base station) may have a coverage area 110’ that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or more macrocells (e.g., high-power base stations) .
  • small cell 102’ e.g., a low-power base station
  • macrocells e.g., high-power base stations
  • the communication links 120 between base stations 102 and UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and/or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a UE 104.
  • UL uplink
  • DL downlink
  • the communication links 120 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and/or transmit diversity in various aspects.
  • MIMO multiple-input and multiple-output
  • Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player, a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor/actuator, a display, or other similar devices.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • UEs 104 may be internet of things (IoT) devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, or other IoT devices) , always on (AON) devices, or edge processing devices.
  • IoT internet of things
  • UEs 104 may also be referred to more generally as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, or a client.
  • Wireless communication network 100 includes a resource selection component 199, which may be configured to measure energy levels associated with resources for resource selection, and which otherwise may implement various aspects described herein.
  • FIG. 2 depicts aspects of a base station (BS) 102 and a user equipment (UE) 104.
  • BS base station
  • UE user equipment
  • BS 102 includes various processors (e.g., 220, 230, 238, and 240) , antennas 234a-t, transceivers 232a-t, and other aspects, which are involved in transmission of data (e.g., source data 212) and reception of data (e.g., data sink 239) .
  • BS 102 may send and receive data between itself and UE 104.
  • BS 102 includes controller/processor 240, which comprises resource selection component 241.
  • Resource selection component 241 may be configured to implement the resource selection component 199 of FIG. 1.
  • UE 104 includes various processors (e.g., 258, 264, 266, and 280) , antennas 252a-r, transceivers 254a-r, and other aspects, involved in transmission of data (e.g., source data 262) and reception of data (e.g., data sink 260) .
  • processors e.g., 258, 264, 266, and 280
  • antennas 252a-r e.g., antennas 252a-r
  • transceivers 254a-r e.g., and other aspects, involved in transmission of data (e.g., source data 262) and reception of data (e.g., data sink 260) .
  • FIGS. 3A-3D depict aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network, such as wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram 300 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram 330 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G subframe
  • FIG. 3C is a diagram 350 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G frame structure
  • FIG. 3D is a diagram 380 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G subframe.
  • FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIGS. 3A-3D are provided later in this disclosure.
  • an electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, into various classes, bands, channels, or other features.
  • the subdivision is often provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, a subcarrier, a frequency channel, a tone, or a subband.
  • FR1 frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) .
  • the frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies.
  • FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles.
  • FR2 which is sometimes referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” ( “mmW” or “mmWave” ) band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz –300 GHz) , which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band because wavelengths at these frequencies are between 1 millimeter and 10 millimeters. Radio waves in the band may be referred to as a millimeter wave.
  • Near mmWave may extend down to a frequency of 3 GHz with a wavelength of 100 millimeters.
  • the super high frequency (SHF) band extends between 3 GHz and 30 GHz, also referred to as centimeter wave.
  • sub-6 GHz or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies.
  • millimeter wave or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, or may be within the EHF band.
  • mmWave base station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to improve path loss and range.
  • base station 180 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and/or antenna arrays to facilitate the beamforming.
  • base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182’.
  • UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receive directions 182”.
  • UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to the base station 180 in one or more transmit directions 182”.
  • Base station 180 may receive the beamformed signal from UE 104 in one or more receive directions 182’.
  • Base station 180 and UE 104 may then perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of base station 180 and UE 104.
  • the transmit and receive directions for base station 180 may or may not be the same.
  • the transmit and receive directions for UE 104 may or may not be the same.
  • Wireless communication systems may be implemented as distributed or centralized systems.
  • each node may decide its own transmission resource.
  • the transmission resource may include time resources, frequency resources, spatial resources, or code resources.
  • Some examples of distributed systems may include WiFi, Bluetooth (BT) , and cellular (C) -vehicle to everything (V2X) on PC5 interface.
  • a node of a distributed system may use a listen before talk (LBT) technique such as carrier-sense multiple access (CSMA) to manage the interference and collisions.
  • LBT listen before talk
  • CSMA carrier-sense multiple access
  • a node of a distributed system may measure the interference or energy over various resources and select a resources with the least conflict (e.g., lowest measured energy) .
  • centralized nodes may control the transmission resource of a group of other nodes (e.g., also referred to herein as child nodes) .
  • a child node generally refers to any node that a centralized node may manage (e.g., allocate resources to) .
  • One example centralized system may include a cellular system where a base station (BS) serves as the centralized node and is in charge of the resource scheduling of various child nodes (e.g., user-equipments (UEs) ) .
  • BS base station
  • UEs user-equipments
  • Interference or resource collision is a fundamental issue with wireless communication system, especially when the expected load of the system is high.
  • detecting collision generally refers to detecting a degraded signal quality which may be due to interference from other nodes.
  • a distributed system may use a LBT technique to manage interference.
  • a centralized node may coordinate resource usage among child nodes under the control of the centralized node.
  • Coordination between centralized nodes may be used to manage interference of communications across centralized nodes. For instance, handover process or joint processing of a particular node may be used among centralized nodes.
  • the coordination between centralized nodes may be facilitated using various interfaces such as an X2 interface or an S1 interface. These interfaces may be implemented in using a reliable physical communication media and protocols, such as fiber or microwave. The reliability of the communication between centralized nodes is important to facilitate each centralized node to properly schedule resources among its child nodes.
  • a reliable interface between centralized nodes may be unavailable.
  • a centralized node implemented on a vehicle to manage various functions of the vehicle may not have a reliable interface with centralized nodes of other vehicles.
  • the industry currently lacks a mechanism for resource coordination for a centralized system under the case where there is no communication link or interface between the centralized nodes.
  • a vehicle may be unable to establish a reliable link or interface with other vehicles to perform tasks such as hand shaking and coordinate in-vehicle communication resources.
  • resource collision and interference may occur and cause communication issues.
  • a vehicle may have various child nodes used to report parameters (e.g., tire pressure) to the centralized node.
  • the centralized node may schedule resources to the child nodes. Without coordination with other centralized nodes, the resources allocated to the child nodes may experience interference with communications of other centralized systems, such as communications within other vehicle in close proximity.
  • Certain aspects of the present disclosure are directed to techniques for coordination of resources and scheduling in a centralized system when there is no reliable link or interface in between centralized nodes. For instance, a centralized node may measure an energy level of a group of resources to determine whether interference or collision may occur if the group of resources are used. Based on the measurement, the centralized node may allocate resources to child nodes accordingly.
  • a centralized node may be any node that manages (e.g., allocates resources for) one or more child nodes.
  • the centralized node may be part of a centralized system, or a hybrid system that implements a combination of centralized and distributed features.
  • the centralized node may be part of a wireless communication system that functions as a distributed system for some communications and functions as a centralized system for other communications.
  • the centralized node may be implemented for any suitable communication network.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations 400 for wireless communication, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the operations 400 may be performed, for example, by a first node (e.g., a BS such as the BS 102 in the wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1) .
  • the operations 400 may be implemented as software components that are executed and run on one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 240 of FIG. 2) .
  • the transmission and reception of signals by the BS in operations 400 may be enabled, for example, by one or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234 of FIG. 2) .
  • the transmission and/or reception of signals by the BS may be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 240 or DMRS component 241) obtaining and/or outputting signals.
  • the first node may be configured to manage wireless communications in a vehicle.
  • the first node may manage one or more second nodes that are configured to communicate, with the first node, information associated with functions of the vehicle.
  • the operations 400 begin, at block 410, by the first node measuring energy levels associated with a plurality of resources (e.g., time resources, subcarriers, physical resource blocks (PRBs) , sub-channels, or codes) to be used for communication with one or more second nodes.
  • resources e.g., time resources, subcarriers, physical resource blocks (PRBs) , sub-channels, or codes
  • the first node selects one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels.
  • the selection of the one or more resources may include selecting one or more resources of the plurality of resources having a lowest measured energy.
  • the measurement of the energy levels may include measuring an energy level of each resource of the plurality of resources.
  • the operations 400 may also include the first node comparing the energy level of each of the plurality of resources to a threshold.
  • the one or more resources may be selected for the communication if the energy level of the resource is less than or equal to the threshold. For instance, if the energy level of the particular resource is above the threshold, the first node may wait for a time period (e.g., random time period) before performing another measurement of the energy level of the particular resource.
  • the first node transmits, to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • the resource selection operations described may be performed periodically.
  • the measurement of the energy levels at block 410 may include periodically performing measurements of energy levels associated with the plurality of resources
  • the selection of the one or more resources at block 420 may include selecting one or more resources based on each of the periodic measurements
  • the transmission of the at least one message allocating the one or more resources may be based on each of the periodic measurements.
  • the selection of the one or more resources may include selecting multiple resources, and a particular node of the one or more second nodes may be allocated one of the multiple resources.
  • the first node may detect that a collision associated with communication with the particular node has occurred, and transmit, to the particular node, another message allocating another one of the multiple resources for communication with the particular node.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates example techniques for resources selection, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a centralized node may measure the energy over various resources and select a group of resources (also referred to herein as a resource pool) with lowest energy.
  • a centralized node may perform energy measurement on resources 1-6.
  • Each of the resources 1-6 may represent time resources, frequency resources, subcarriers, physical resources blocks, subchannels, or codes.
  • the central node may select or allocate the resource for its group nodes from the above pool of resources. For example, after performing the measurements on each of the resources, the centralized node may select three of the resources having the lowest energy level. For instance, the centralized node may select resources 1, 2, and 4.
  • the centralized node may then allocate the selected resources to the child nodes. For instance, resource 1 may be allocated to child node 1, resources 2 may be allocated to child node 2, and resource 4 may be allocated to child node 3.
  • the measurement and election (e.g., allocation) of the resources may be performed periodically, as described herein.
  • a quantity of resources selected may be greater than a quantity of resources allocated for the communication.
  • the selected resource pool can be larger than that to be used by the group node.
  • resource 4 may be allocated to child node 3 and a collision may occur when communicating using resource 4.
  • the centralized node may allocate resource 6 (e.g., having the fourth lowest measured energy level) to child node 3.
  • the centralized node may reselect the resources using a new measurement (e.g., on a periodic basis) of energy levels, and allocate a resource to child node 3 based on the new measurement.
  • the measurement of the energy levels may include measuring an energy level of each resource, and comparing the energy level of each resource to a threshold.
  • a resource may be selected if the energy level of the resource is less than or equal to the threshold, as described in more detail with respect to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates example techniques for resource selection using a threshold comparison, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the centralized node may begin by performing energy level measurements over the resources (e.g., resource 1-6) . If a measured energy level of a resource is below a threshold (e.g., indicating that the resource is not being used by a proximal node) the centralized node selects the resource for its group node communication among all available resources. For example, resource 1, 2, and 4 may have measured energy levels that are below the threshold, and may be allocated to child nodes 1, 2, and 3, accordingly.
  • a threshold e.g., indicating that the resource is not being used by a proximal node
  • the centralized node may wait for a time period (e.g., random time period) before performing another measurement of the energy level of the particular resource.
  • a time period e.g., random time period
  • the centralized node may perform the measurement of energy levels when data transmission inside the group is needed.
  • FIG. 7 is a call flow diagram illustrating example techniques for resource selection, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a centralized node managing one or more child node may perform, at block 702, measurement of energy levels on resources.
  • One or more of the resources may be experiences interference 704 from an interfering node, causing a relatively high energy level on those resources.
  • the centralized node may select one or more of the resources based on the measurements. For example, the centralized node may select the resources having the lowest energy as described with respect to FIG. 5, or select the resources having an energy level that is less than a threshold as described with respect to FIG. 6.
  • the centralized node may then transmit a message 706 allocating the selected resources to the one or more child node for the communications 710.
  • an interfering node may cause interference 712 to one or more of the resources used for the communications 710.
  • the centralized node may, at block 720, detect collision due to the interference.
  • detecting collision generally refers to detecting a degraded signal quality which may be due to interference from other nodes.
  • the centralized node may reselect resources to be allocated to the one or more child node.
  • the centralized node may perform, at block 708, another measurement of energy levels to facilitate the selection of the resources at block 714. In other aspects, the measurement performed at block 702 may be used. For example, as described with respect to FIG. 5, if the detected collision is associated with resource 4 having the second lowest energy level, the centralized node may allocate resource 6 via message 716.
  • the aspects described herein facilitate selection of resources by a centralized node in a manner that mitigates interference to communications of the centralized node without coordination with other centralized nodes.
  • the aspects described improve communication efficiency for wireless nodes that may not have a reliable link with other centralized nodes to coordinate resource selection, such as a wireless node of a vehicle that may be used to manage vehicle functions while the vehicle is in motion.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a communications device 800 that may include various components (e.g., corresponding to means-plus-function components) configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, such as the operations illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • various components e.g., corresponding to means-plus-function components
  • Communications device 800 includes a processing system 802 coupled to a transceiver 808 (e.g., a transmitter and/or a receiver) .
  • Transceiver 808 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communications device 800 via an antenna 810, such as the various signals as described herein.
  • Processing system 802 may be configured to perform processing functions for communications device 800, including processing signals received and/or to be transmitted by communications device 800.
  • Processing system 802 includes a processor 804 coupled to a computer-readable medium/memory 812 via a bus 806.
  • computer-readable medium/memory 812 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that when executed by processor 804, cause processor 804 to perform the operations illustrated in FIG. 5, or other operations for performing the various techniques discussed herein for resource selection in a centralized system.
  • computer-readable medium/memory 812 stores code 814 for measuring energy levels; code 816 for selecting one or more resources; and code 818 for communicating (e.g., transmitting or receiving) .
  • the computer-readable medium/memory 812 may also optionally store code 819 for detecting collision; code 820 for comparing an energy level to a threshold; and code 821 for determining a random time period.
  • processor 804 has circuitry configured to implement the code stored in the computer-readable medium/memory 812.
  • processor 804 includes circuitry 824 for measuring energy levels; circuitry 826 for selecting one or more resources; and circuitry 828 for communicating (e.g., transmitting or receiving) .
  • the processor 804 may also optionally store circuitry 830 for detecting collision; circuitry 832 for comparing an energy level to a threshold; and circuitry 834 for determining a random time period.
  • means for transmitting may include a transmitter and/or an antenna (s) 234 or the BS 102 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or circuitry 828 for communicating of the communication device 800 in FIG. 8.
  • means for receiving may include a receiver and/or an antenna (s) 234 of the BS 102 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or circuitry 828 for communicating of the communication device yy00 in FIG. 8.
  • means for communicating may include a transmitter, a receiver, or both.
  • means for generating, means for measuring, means for selecting, means for communicating, means for detecting, means for comparing, and means for determining may include a processing system, which may include one or more processors, such as the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and/or the controller/processor 240 of the BS 102 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or the processing system 802 of the communication device 800 in FIG. 8.
  • a processing system which may include one or more processors, such as the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and/or the controller/processor 240 of the BS 102 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or the processing system 802 of the communication device 800 in FIG. 8.
  • Clause 1 A method for wireless communications by a first node, comprising: measuring energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes; selecting one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels; and transmitting, to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • Clause 2 The method of Clause 1, wherein the selection of the one or more resources comprises selecting one or more resources of the plurality of resources having a lowest measured energy.
  • Clause 3 The method of any of Clauses 1-2, wherein: the selection of the one or more resources comprises selecting multiple resources; and a quantity of the selected multiple resources is greater than a quantity of the one or more resources allocated for the communication.
  • Clause 4 The method of any of Clauses 1-3, wherein the selection of the one or more resources comprise selecting multiple resources, and wherein a particular node of the one or more second nodes is allocated one of the multiple resources, the method further comprising: detecting that a collision associated with communication with the particular node has occurred; and transmitting, to the particular node, another message allocating another one of the multiple resources for communication with the particular node.
  • Clause 5 The method of any of Clauses 1-4, wherein: the measurement of the energy levels comprises periodically performing measurements of energy levels associated with the plurality of resources; the selection of the one or more resources comprises selecting one or more resources based on each of the periodic measurements; and the transmission of the at least one message allocating the one or more resources is based on each of the periodic measurements.
  • Clause 6 The method of any of Clauses 1-5, wherein: the measurement of the energy levels comprises measuring an energy level of each resource of the plurality of resources; and the method further comprises comparing the energy level of each of the plurality of resources to a threshold, wherein the one or more resources are selected for the communication if the energy level of the resource is less than or equal to the threshold.
  • Clause 7 The method of Clause 6, further comprising, if the energy level of the particular resource is above the threshold, waiting for a time period before performing another measurement of the energy level of the particular resource.
  • Clause 8 The method of Clause 7, further comprising randomly determining the time period.
  • Clause 9 The method of any of Clauses 1-8, wherein the plurality of resources comprise at least one of time resources, subcarriers, physical resource blocks (PRBs) , sub-channels, or codes.
  • the plurality of resources comprise at least one of time resources, subcarriers, physical resource blocks (PRBs) , sub-channels, or codes.
  • PRBs physical resource blocks
  • Clause 10 The method of any of Clauses 1-9, wherein: the first node is configured to manage wireless communications in a vehicle; and the one or more second nodes are configured to communicate, with the first node, information associated with functions of the vehicle.
  • a first node comprising: means for measuring energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes; means for selecting one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels; and means for transmitting, to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • Clause 12 The first node of Clause 11, wherein the selection means comprises means for selecting one or more resources of the plurality of resources having a lowest measured energy.
  • Clause 13 The first node of any of Clauses 11-12, wherein: the selection means comprises means for selecting multiple resources; and a quantity of the selected multiple resources is greater than a quantity of the one or more resources allocated for the communication.
  • Clause 14 The first node of any of Clauses 11-13, wherein the selection means comprises means for selecting multiple resources, and wherein a particular node of the one or more second nodes is allocated one of the multiple resources, the first node further comprising: means for detecting that a collision associated with communication with the particular node has occurred; and means for transmitting, to the particular node, another message allocating another one of the multiple resources for communication with the particular node.
  • Clause 15 The first node of any of Clauses 11-14, wherein: the measurement means comprises means for periodically performing measurements of energy levels associated with the plurality of resources; the selection means comprises means for selecting one or more resources based on each of the periodic measurements; and the transmission of the at least one message allocating the one or more resources is based on each of the periodic measurements.
  • Clause 16 The first node of any of Clauses 11-15, wherein: the measurement means comprises means for means for measuring an energy level of each resource of the plurality of resources; and the first node further comprises means for comparing the energy level of each of the plurality of resources to a threshold, wherein the one or more resources are selected for the communication if the energy level of the resource is less than or equal to the threshold.
  • Clause 17 The first node of Clause 16, further comprising, if the energy level of the particular resource is above the threshold, means for waiting for a time period before performing another measurement of the energy level of the particular resource.
  • Clause 18 The first node of Clause 17, further comprising means for randomly determining the time period.
  • Clause 19 The first node of any of Clauses 11-18, wherein the plurality of resources comprise at least one of time resources, subcarriers, physical resource blocks (PRBs) , sub-channels, or codes.
  • the plurality of resources comprise at least one of time resources, subcarriers, physical resource blocks (PRBs) , sub-channels, or codes.
  • PRBs physical resource blocks
  • Clause 20 The first node of any of Clauses 11-19, wherein: the first node is configured to manage wireless communications in a vehicle; and the one or more second nodes are configured to communicate, with the first node, information associated with functions of the vehicle.
  • a first node comprising: a processing system configured to measure energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes and select one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels; and a transmitter configured to transmit, to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • Clause 22 The first node of Clause 21, wherein the selection of the one or more resources comprises selecting one or more resources of the plurality of resources having a lowest measured energy.
  • Clause 23 The first node of any of Clauses 21-22, wherein: the selection of the one or more resources comprises selecting multiple resources; and a quantity of the selected multiple resources is greater than a quantity of the one or more resources allocated for the communication.
  • Clause 24 The first node of any of Clauses 21-23, wherein: the selection of the one or more resources comprises selecting multiple resources; wherein a particular node of the one or more second nodes is allocated one of the multiple resources; the processing system is further configured to detect that a collision associated with communication with the particular node has occurred; and the transmitter is further configured to transmit, to the particular node, another message allocating another one of the multiple resources for communication with the particular node.
  • Clause 25 The first node of any of Clauses 21-24, wherein: the measurement of the energy levels comprises periodically performing measurements of energy levels associated with the plurality of resources; the selection of the one or more resources comprises selecting one or more resources based on each of the periodic measurements; and the transmission of the at least one message allocating the one or more resources is based on each of the periodic measurements.
  • Clause 26 The first node of any of Clauses 21-25, wherein: the measurement of the energy levels comprises measuring an energy level of each resource of the plurality of resources; and the processing system is further configured to compare the energy level of each of the plurality of resources to a threshold, wherein the one or more resources are selected for the communication if the energy level of the resource is less than or equal to the threshold.
  • Clause 27 The first node of Clause 26, wherein the processing system is further configured to, if the energy level of the particular resource is above the threshold, wait for a time period before performing another measurement of the energy level of the particular resource.
  • Clause 28 The first node of Clause 27, the processing system is further configured to randomly determine the time period.
  • Clause 29 The first node of any of Clauses 21-28, wherein the plurality of resources comprise at least one of time resources, subcarriers, physical resource blocks (PRBs) , sub-channels, or codes.
  • the plurality of resources comprise at least one of time resources, subcarriers, physical resource blocks (PRBs) , sub-channels, or codes.
  • PRBs physical resource blocks
  • Clause 30 The first node of any of Clauses 21-29, wherein: the first node is configured to manage wireless communications in a vehicle; and the one or more second nodes are configured to communicate, with the first node, information associated with functions of the vehicle.
  • An apparatus for wireless communications by a first node comprising: a processing system configured to measure energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes and select one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels; and an interface configured to output, for transmission to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • Clause 32 A computer-readable medium for wireless communications by a first node, comprising codes executable to: measure energy levels associated with a plurality of resources to be used for communication with one or more second nodes; select one or more resources of the plurality of resources for the communication based on the measurement of the energy levels; and output, for transmission to the one or more second nodes, at least one message allocating the one or more resources for the communication.
  • wireless communications networks or wireless wide area network (WWAN)
  • RATs radio access technologies
  • aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 3G, 4G, and/or 5G (e.g., 5G new radio (NR) ) wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may likewise be applicable to other communication systems and standards not explicitly mentioned herein.
  • 3G, 4G, and/or 5G e.g., 5G new radio (NR)
  • 5G wireless communication networks may support various advanced wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , millimeter wave (mmW) , machine type communications (MTC) , and/or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable, low-latency communications (URLLC) .
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mmW millimeter wave
  • MTC machine type communications
  • URLLC ultra-reliable, low-latency communications
  • the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a Node B (NB) and/or a NB subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.
  • NB Node B
  • BS next generation NodeB
  • AP access point
  • DU distributed unit
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • a BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or other types of cells.
  • a macro cell may generally cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription.
  • a pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription.
  • a femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) , UEs for users in the home, etc. ) .
  • a BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS.
  • a BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS.
  • a BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS.
  • Base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE may interface with the EPC 160 through first backhaul links 132 (e.g., an S1 interface) .
  • Base stations 102 configured for 5G e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)
  • 5G e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)
  • NG-RAN Next Generation RAN
  • Base stations 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or core network 190) with each other over third backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface) .
  • Third backhaul links 134 may generally be wired or wireless.
  • Small cell 102’ may operate in a licensed and/or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell 102’ may employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. Small cell 102’, employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and/or increase capacity of the access network.
  • Some base stations such as gNB 180 may operate in a traditional sub-6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies, and/or near mmW frequencies in communication with the UE 104.
  • mmW millimeter wave
  • the gNB 180 may be referred to as an mmW base station.
  • the communication links 120 between base stations 102 and, for example, UEs 104, may be through one or more carriers.
  • base stations 102 and UEs 104 may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc. MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction.
  • the carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL) .
  • the component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers.
  • a primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell) .
  • PCell primary cell
  • SCell secondary cell
  • Wireless communications system 100 further includes a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in, for example, a 2.4 GHz and/or 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum.
  • AP Wi-Fi access point
  • STAs Wi-Fi stations
  • communication links 154 in, for example, a 2.4 GHz and/or 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum.
  • the STAs 152 /AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.
  • CCA clear channel assessment
  • the D2D communication link 158 may use the DL/UL WWAN spectrum.
  • the D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) .
  • PSBCH physical sidelink broadcast channel
  • PSDCH physical sidelink discovery channel
  • PSSCH physical sidelink shared channel
  • PSCCH physical sidelink control channel
  • D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, 4G (e.g., LTE) , or 5G (e.g., NR) , to name a few options.
  • wireless D2D communications systems such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, 4G (e.g., LTE) , or 5G (e.g., NR) , to name a few options.
  • EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172.
  • MME 162 may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174.
  • HSS Home Subscriber Server
  • MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160. Generally, MME 162 provides bearer and connection management.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • Serving Gateway 166 which itself is connected to PDN Gateway 172.
  • PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions.
  • PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176, which may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services.
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • PS Streaming Service PS Streaming Service
  • BM-SC 170 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery.
  • BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN) , and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.
  • MMSFN Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network
  • Core network 190 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195.
  • AMF 192 may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196.
  • UDM Unified Data Management
  • AMF 192 is generally the control node that processes the signaling between UEs 104 and core network 190. Generally, AMF 192 provides QoS flow and session management.
  • IP Services 197 may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services.
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • BS 102 and UE 104 e.g., the wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1 are depicted, which may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a transmit processor 220 may receive data from a data source 212 and control information from a controller/processor 240.
  • the control information may be for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) , physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH) , physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH) , physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) , group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH) , etc.
  • the data may be for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) , etc.
  • a medium access control (MAC) -control element is a MAC layer communication structure that may be used for control command exchange between wireless nodes.
  • the MAC-CE may be carried in a shared channel such as a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) , a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) , or a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) .
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • PSSCH physical sidelink shared channel
  • Processor 220 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. Transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols, such as for the primary synchronization signal (PSS) , secondary synchronization signal (SSS) , PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) , and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) .
  • PSS primary synchronization signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization signal
  • DMRS PBCH demodulation reference signal
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • Transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to the modulators (MODs) in transceivers 232a-232t.
  • Each modulator in transceivers 232a-232t may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc. ) to obtain an output sample stream.
  • Each modulator may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal.
  • Downlink signals from the modulators in transceivers 232a-232t may be transmitted via the antennas 234a-234t, respectively.
  • antennas 252a-252r may receive the downlink signals from the BS 102 and may provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 254a-254r, respectively.
  • Each demodulator in transceivers 254a-254r may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples.
  • Each demodulator may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc. ) to obtain received symbols.
  • MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all the demodulators in transceivers 254a-254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols.
  • Receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 104 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor 280.
  • transmit processor 264 may receive and process data (e.g., for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) ) from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) from the controller/processor 280. Transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for the sounding reference signal (SRS) ) . The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modulators in transceivers 254a-254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc. ) , and transmitted to BS 102.
  • data e.g., for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)
  • control information e.g., for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) from the controller/processor 280.
  • Transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for the sounding reference signal (SRS)
  • the uplink signals from UE 104 may be received by antennas 234a-t, processed by the demodulators in transceivers 232a-232t, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE 104.
  • Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller/processor 240.
  • Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for BS 102 and UE 104, respectively.
  • Scheduler 244 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.
  • Antennas 252, processors 266, 258, 264, and/or controller/processor 280 of UE 104 and/or antennas 234, processors 220, 230, 238, and/or controller/processor 240 of BS 102 may be used to perform the various techniques and methods described herein.
  • 5G may utilize orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink. 5G may also support half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD) . OFDM and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) partition the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier may be modulated with data. Modulation symbols may be sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers may be dependent on the system bandwidth.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • TDD time division duplexing
  • SC-FDM single-carrier frequency division multiplexing
  • OFDM and SC-FDM partition the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc
  • the minimum resource allocation may be 12 consecutive subcarriers in some examples.
  • the system bandwidth may also be partitioned into subbands. For example, a subband may cover multiple RBs.
  • NR may support a base subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15 KHz and other SCS may be defined with respect to the base SCS (e.g., 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz, etc. ) .
  • SCS base subcarrier spacing
  • FIGS. 3A-3D depict various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network, such as wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1.
  • the 5G frame structure may be frequency division duplex (FDD) , in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL.
  • 5G frame structures may also be time division duplex (TDD) , in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • the 5G frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL) , where D is DL, U is UL, and X is flexible for use between DL/UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 34 (with mostly UL) . While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 34, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols.
  • UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI) , or semi-statically/statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI) .
  • DCI DL control information
  • RRC radio resource control
  • SFI received slot format indicator
  • a frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms) .
  • Each subframe may include one or more time slots.
  • Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols.
  • each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot configuration.
  • each slot may include 14 symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols.
  • the symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols.
  • the symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (also referred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission) .
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • DFT-s-OFDM discrete Fourier transform
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency-division multiple access
  • the number of slots within a subframe is based on the slot configuration and the numerology.
  • different numerologies ( ⁇ ) 0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots, respectively, per subframe.
  • different numerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, per subframe.
  • the subcarrier spacing and symbol length/duration are a function of the numerology.
  • the subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2 ⁇ ⁇ 15 kHz, where ⁇ is the numerology 0 to 5.
  • the symbol length/duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing.
  • the slot duration is 0.25 ms
  • the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz
  • the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 ⁇ s.
  • a resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure.
  • Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs) ) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers.
  • RB resource block
  • PRBs physical RBs
  • the resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs) . The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.
  • the RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as Rx for one particular configuration, where 100x is the port number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE.
  • DM-RS demodulation RS
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signals
  • the RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS) , beam refinement RS (BRRS) , and phase tracking RS (PT-RS) .
  • BRS beam measurement RS
  • BRRS beam refinement RS
  • PT-RS phase tracking RS
  • FIG. 3B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame.
  • the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) , each CCE including nine RE groups (REGs) , each REG including four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.
  • CCEs control channel elements
  • REGs RE groups
  • a primary synchronization signal may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame.
  • the PSS is used by a UE (e.g., 104 of FIGS. 1 and 2) to determine subframe/symbol timing and a physical layer identity.
  • a secondary synchronization signal may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame.
  • the SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing.
  • the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) . Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DM-RS.
  • the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) which carries a master information block (MIB) , may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) /PBCH block.
  • the MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN) .
  • the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs) , and paging messages.
  • SIBs system information blocks
  • some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station.
  • the UE may transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
  • the PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH.
  • the PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used.
  • the UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS) .
  • the SRS may be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe.
  • the SRS may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRS on one of the combs.
  • the SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.
  • FIG. 3D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame.
  • the PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration.
  • the PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI) , such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and HARQ ACK/NACK feedback.
  • UCI uplink control information
  • the PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR) , a power headroom report (PHR) , and/or UCI.
  • BSR buffer status report
  • PHR power headroom report
  • the techniques described herein may be used for various wireless communication technologies, such as 5G (e.g., 5G NR) , 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) , single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) , time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) , and other networks.
  • 5G e.g., 5G NR
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single-carrier frequency division multiple access
  • TD-SCDMA time division synchronous code division multiple access
  • a CDMA network may implement a radio technology such
  • UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA.
  • cdma2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards.
  • a TDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) .
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • An OFDMA network may implement a radio technology such as NR (e.g. 5G RA) , Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA) , Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDMA, etc.
  • NR e.g. 5G RA
  • E-UTRA Evolved UTRA
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi
  • IEEE 802.16 WiMAX
  • IEEE 802.20 Flash-OFDMA
  • UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) .
  • LTE and LTE-A are releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA.
  • UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP) .
  • cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2) .
  • NR is an emerging wireless communications technology under development.
  • a scheduling entity (e.g., a BS) allocates resources for communication among some or all devices and equipment within its service area or cell.
  • the scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, assigning, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communication, subordinate entities utilize resources allocated by the scheduling entity.
  • Base stations are not the only entities that may function as a scheduling entity.
  • a UE may function as a scheduling entity and may schedule resources for one or more subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs) , and the other UEs may utilize the resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communication.
  • a UE may function as a scheduling entity in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, and/or in a mesh network.
  • P2P peer-to-peer
  • UEs may communicate directly with one another in addition to communicating with a scheduling entity.
  • the methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for achieving the methods.
  • the method steps and/or actions may be interchanged with one another. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified.
  • a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members.
  • “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering of a, b, and c) .
  • determining encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, a database or another data structure) , ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” may include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory) and the like. Also, “determining” may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing and the like.
  • the various operations of methods described above may be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions.
  • the means may include various hardware and/or software component (s) and/or module (s) , including, but not limited to a circuit, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or a processor (e.g., a general purpose or specifically programmed processor) .
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • processor e.g., a general purpose or specifically programmed processor
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, a system on a chip (SoC) , or any other such configuration.
  • SoC system on a chip
  • an example hardware configuration may comprise a processing system in a wireless node.
  • the processing system may be implemented with a bus architecture.
  • the bus may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system and the overall design constraints.
  • the bus may link together various circuits including a processor, machine-readable media, and a bus interface.
  • the bus interface may be used to connect a network adapter, among other things, to the processing system via the bus.
  • the network adapter may be used to implement the signal processing functions of the PHY layer.
  • a user interface e.g., keypad, display, mouse, joystick, touchscreen, biometric sensor, proximity sensor, light emitting element, etc.
  • the bus may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further.
  • the processor may be implemented with one or more general-purpose and/or special-purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuitry that can execute software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how best to implement the described functionality for the processing system depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.
  • the functions may be stored or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer readable medium.
  • Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
  • Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • the processor may be responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including the execution of software modules stored on the machine-readable storage media.
  • a computer-readable storage medium may be coupled to a processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor.
  • the machine-readable media may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and/or a computer readable storage medium with instructions stored thereon separate from the wireless node, all of which may be accessed by the processor through the bus interface.
  • the machine-readable media, or any portion thereof may be integrated into the processor, such as the case may be with cache and/or general register files.
  • machine-readable storage media may include, by way of example, RAM (Random Access Memory) , flash memory, ROM (Read Only Memory) , PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) , EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) , EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) , registers, magnetic disks, optical disks, hard drives, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EEPROM Electrical Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • registers magnetic disks, optical disks, hard drives, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof.
  • the machine-readable media may be embodied in a computer-program product.
  • a software module may comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and may be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across multiple storage media.
  • the computer-readable media may comprise a number of software modules.
  • the software modules include instructions that, when executed by an apparatus such as a processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions.
  • the software modules may include a transmission module and a receiving module. Each software module may reside in a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices.
  • a software module may be loaded into RAM from a hard drive when a triggering event occurs.
  • the processor may load some of the instructions into cache to increase access speed.
  • One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general register file for execution by the processor.
  • any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium.
  • the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared (IR) , radio, and microwave
  • the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium.
  • Disk and disc include compact disc (CD) , laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers.
  • computer-readable media may comprise non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., tangible media) .
  • computer-readable media may comprise transitory computer-readable media (e.g., a signal) . Combinations of the above can also be considered as examples of computer-readable media.
  • certain aspects may comprise a computer program product for performing the operations presented herein.
  • a computer program product may comprise a computer-readable medium having instructions stored (and/or encoded) thereon, the instructions being executable by one or more processors to perform the operations described herein, for example, instructions for performing the operations described herein and illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • modules and/or other appropriate means for performing the methods and techniques described herein can be downloaded and/or otherwise obtained by a user terminal and/or base station as applicable.
  • a user terminal and/or base station can be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of means for performing the methods described herein.
  • various methods described herein can be provided via storage means (e.g., RAM, ROM, a physical storage medium such as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk, etc. ) , such that a user terminal and/or base station can obtain the various methods upon coupling or providing the storage means to the device.
  • storage means e.g., RAM, ROM, a physical storage medium such as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk, etc.
  • CD compact disc
  • floppy disk etc.
  • any other suitable technique for providing the methods and techniques described herein to a device can be utilized.

Abstract

Certains aspects de la présente divulgation concernent des techniques d'atténuation d'interférence. Des aspects particuliers concernent un procédé de communications sans fil par un premier nœud. Le procédé consiste généralement à mesurer des niveaux d'énergie associés à une pluralité de ressources à utiliser pour une communication avec un ou plusieurs deuxièmes nœuds, à sélectionner une ou plusieurs ressources de la pluralité de ressources pour la communication en fonction de la mesure des niveaux d'énergie, et à transmettre, vers le ou les deuxièmes nœuds, au moins un message attribuant la ou les ressources pour la communication.
PCT/CN2021/078393 2021-03-01 2021-03-01 Procédés d'atténuation d'interférence pour un système de communication sans fil WO2022183309A1 (fr)

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