WO2022180406A1

WO2022180406A1 - Thermally insulated transportation container having compartment for pcm units

Info

Publication number: WO2022180406A1
Application number: PCT/GB2022/050517
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christopher Robert Krzak; James Roland VANN; Harry Turner MOSELEY
Original assignee: Tower Cold Chain Solutions Limited
Priority date: 2021-02-26
Filing date: 2022-02-25
Publication date: 2022-09-01
Also published as: GB2604152B; GB2604152A; GB202102763D0; EP4298388A1

Abstract

A thermally insulated transportation container (1) for transporting temperature sensitive goods, said container including: thermally insulated walls (la-d); an internal volume; an opening member (3) for accessing the internal volume; and a first panel (2) mounted within the internal volume, wherein the first panel (2) divides the internal volume into a first compartment (le) that provides a storage volume for said goods and a second compartment (100) that provides a storage volume for at least one PCM unit (10).

Description

THERMALLY INSULATED TRANSPORTATION CONTAINER HAVING COMPARTMENT FOR PCM UNITS

The present invention relates to a thermally insulated transportation container for transporting temperature sensitive goods.

Thermally insulated containers are used to transport items that are sensitive to temperature and must therefore be maintained within predetermined temperature ranges, such as +2^°C to +8^°C and + 15^°C to +25^°C, or close to a particular temperature such as -20^°C. Such items include goods such as vaccines and drugs, biological samples, tissue cultures, chilled and frozen foods, and many other products, some of which have extremely high financial value and are very sensitive to temperature changes. It is essential that such products are maintained within the appropriate temperature ranges during transportation.

Such goods can be transported in cardboard or plastic containers packed with insulative materials, such as polystyrene, and phase change materials (hereafter referred to as PCMs) that have been cooled or heated to a predetermined temperature to provide additional heating or cooling as required. Heat energy flows into or out of the container, according to the difference between the ambient temperature and the internal temperature of the container. The temporal ambient temperature profile that will be experienced by the container cannot be predicted a priori, since containers may be moved from relatively cold countries to relatively hot countries and may be left standing for a significant period of time.

If the container is exposed to excessively high or low temperatures for extended periods, the internal temperature may go outside the required range, causing damage to the contents. The requirement to open a container on its journey increases the risk of payload theft. In current containers, the number and type of PCM packs employed is calculated according to the anticipated delivery time and the ambient temperature ranges likely to be experienced during transportation. However, as delivery can take longer than anticipated and the ambient temperatures may be much higher or lower than expected, the payload temperature may go outside the required range. During transportation, shocks, collisions or vibrations can cause the goods to move within the container, particularly those located at the side walls; these might then fall to a lower part of the container, increasing the risk of being heated/cooled to a temperature outside the predetermined safe range.

Anecdotal evidence suggests that large numbers of pharmaceutical/medicinal products are rendered unusable each year because they are not transported in the correct temperature range. For the pharmaceutical industry this presents significant waste, and hence cost, and there is an environmental impact as new goods will have to be produced and transported. For recipients of the goods there are significant health risks, because it may not be evident at the endpoint of the transport that the product has been rendered unsafe. For products such as vaccines this may result in loss of efficacy.

Certain vaccines degrade at a rate that depends on ambient temperature. As the loss of efficacy increases with temperature, it is desirable to maintain the temperature within the acceptable range (e.g. 2°C to 8°C).

It has been determined by the inventors that the best temperature equilibration results in the payload of the container are achieved when the PCM units are inserted into the container in a controlled, for example regular, manner, and such that their positions are restrained during use so that they do not move during transportation. It is also desirable the PCM units are not damaged by the payload during use, particularly PCM units that are located adjacent the payload. Furthermore, it is desirable to be able to insert the PCM units into the container in a quick and easy manner, so that the container can be ready for use relatively quickly.

Accordingly, the present invention seeks to provide a thermally insulated container that mitigates at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages, or at least provides an alternative to known containers, and a method for mounting PCM units within the container. The invention seeks to provide a thermally insulated container that includes means for supporting and/or protecting PCM units mounted within the thermally insulated container.

According to one aspect there is provided a thermally insulated container according to claim 1.

Having a first panel that divides the internal volume into separate storage volumes ensures that the PCM units are retained in place during transit, which provides more consistent cooling throughout the trip, that the PCM units are separated from goods to prevent localised cold spots occurring, and ensuring that the goods are not damaged by the PCM units during transit, and likewise that the PCM units are not damaged by the goods during transit. The arrangement of the panel provides a seating for at least one PCM unit mounted on a side wall of the container, and holds at least one PCM unit in place on at least one side wall of the container.

According to another aspect, there is provided a thermally insulated transportation container for transporting temperature sensitive goods.

The container can include thermally insulated walls. The thermally insulated walls can include at least one of: a first side wall; a second side wall; a rear wall; a top wall; and a base.

The container can include an inner liner. The inner liner can be made from a thermally conductive material such as aluminium. The inner liner can extend over the inner surfaces of the thermally insulated walls.

The container can include an internal volume.

The container can include an opening member for accessing the internal volume. The container can include a first panel mounted within the internal volume. The first panel can divide the internal volume into a first compartment that provides a storage volume for said goods and a second compartment that provides a storge volume for at least one PCM unit.

The second compartment can have an opening for receiving the at least one PCM unit adjacent the opening member. The or each PCM unit is insertable into, and removable from, the second compartment via the opening. The closure member closes the opening when in its closed position, thereby preventing the or each PCM unit from exiting the second compartment.

The first panel can be releasably mounted within the container. Since the first panel is releasably mounted within the container, it is possible to remove the panel for cleaning, to replace the first panel if any damage has occurred during transit, and to replace it with a panel that has a different structure to accommodate different types of PCM units.

The first panel can be releasably attached to at least one container wall and/or the internal liner, for example by at least one screw element, and preferably a plurality of screw elements. The first panel can be releasably attached to the base. The first panel can be releasably attached to the top wall.

The first panel can be rectangular plan.

The first panel can extend from the first side wall to the second side wall.

The first panel can extend from the rear wall to the opening member, when the opening member is in a closed position.

The first panel can be arranged substantially parallel with at least one of a base and a top wall. The first panel can be located adjacent one of the base of the container and the top wall of the container. The second compartment can be defined by the first panel, the base, and parts of the first and second side walls and part of the rear wall. The second compartment can be defined by the first panel, the top wall, and parts of the first and second side walls and part of the rear wall.

The second compartment can include a plurality of sub-compartments. Each sub compartment can be arranged to house at least one PCM unit. The volume of each sub-compartment can be approximately equal to the volume of one of the PCM units, to achieve a snug fit. The sub-compartments can be defined by the internal liner. For example, the internal liner can be shaped to define a plurality of trays, wherein each tray is arranged to receive at least one PCM unit.

The first panel can include a major planar portion. The first panel can include a first lateral peripheral portion. The first lateral peripheral portion can extend along a first lateral side of the major planar portion. The vertical height of the first lateral peripheral portion can be offset from the major planar portion, thereby defining a first step. The stepped arrangement provides a seating for an end portion of at least one PCM unit mounted to the first thermally insulated side wall.

The first panel can include a second lateral peripheral portion. The second lateral peripheral portion can extend along a second lateral edge of the major planar portion. The vertical height of the second lateral peripheral portion can be offset from the major planar portion, thereby defining a second step. The height of the vertical offset of the first peripheral portion can be equal to the height of the vertical offset of the second peripheral portion. The stepped arrangement provides a seating for an end portion of at least one PCM unit mounted to the second thermally insulated side wall.

The first lateral peripheral portion can be located adjacent the first thermally insulated side wall. The second lateral peripheral portion can be located adjacent the second thermally insulated side wall. At least one of the lateral peripheral portions can include at least one locating formation. The or each locating formation can be arranged to engage with a complementary locating formation. For example, the complementary locating formation can be located on an inner liner of the container and/or one of the thermally insulating walls, such as the first side wall, the second side wall, the base, and the top wall. The or each locating formation can comprise at least one of a protrusion and a recess.

The first panel can include at least one first protrusion arranged to secure at least one PCM unit to at least one of the thermally insulated side walls, and preferably to the first thermally insulated side wall. The at least one first protrusion can have a crenelated arrangement. The at least one first protrusion can be located at the first lateral edge of the major planar portion. The at least one first protrusion can be arranged to secure a plurality of PCM units to the first thermally insulated side wall.

The at least one first protrusion can protrude out of the plane of the major planar portion in a direction that is opposite to the direction in which the first lateral portion is vertically offset from the major planar portion. In embodiments where the first panel is located adjacent the base, typically the first lateral peripheral portion steps vertically downwards, and the at least one protrusion protrudes vertically upwards. In embodiments where the first panel is located adjacent the top wall, typically the first lateral peripheral portion steps vertically upwards, and the at least one protrusion protrudes vertically downwards.

The first panel can include at least one second protrusion arranged to secure at least one PCM unit to at least one thermally insulated side wall, and preferably to the second thermally insulated side wall. The at least one second protrusion can have a crenelated arrangement. The at least one second protrusion can be located at the second lateral edge of the major planar portion. The at least one second protrusion can be arranged to secure a plurality of PCM units to the second thermally insulated side wall. The at least one second protrusion can protrude out of the plane of the major planar portion in a direction that is opposite to the direction in which the second lateral portion is vertically offset from the major planar portion. In embodiments where the first panel is located adjacent the base, typically the second lateral peripheral portion steps vertically downwards, and the at least one protrusion protrudes vertically upwards. In embodiments where the first panel is located adjacent the top wall, typically the second lateral peripheral portion steps vertically upwards, and the at least one protrusion protrudes vertically downwards.

The first panel can include a plurality of apertures. For example, the first panel can include 2 to 8 apertures. The apertures can be relatively large. The apertures can be located in the major planar portion. The apertures reduce the weight of the first panel without significantly compromising the strength of the first panel, and they facilitate thermal transfer between the goods and the PCM units by way of convection currents. The apertures also provide a convenient way of lifting the panel.

The first panel can comprise a plastics material.

The first panel can be moulded.

The first panel can include locating formations arranged to engage the interior liner, and the inner liner defines the sub-compartments in the second compartment.

The container can include a second panel mounted within the container, wherein the second panel separates the internal volume to define a third compartment that provides storge volume for at least one PCM unit. The second panel can be releasably mounted within the container. The second panel can have a similar shape and configuration to the first panel. Accordingly, features in the statements of invention described in relation to the first panel are also applicable to the second panel. The second panel can be located adjacent to the other one of the base and the top wall. That is, adjacent the one of the base and top wall not occupied by the first panel. When the first and second panels are mounted within the container, typically the second panel is inverted with respect to the first panel. That is, the first and second protrusions of the first panel are oriented towards the first and second protrusions of the second panel.

The third compartment can include a plurality of sub-compartments. Each sub compartment can be arranged to house at least one PCM unit. The volume of each sub-compartment can be approximately equal to the volume of one of the PCM units, to achieve a snug fit. The sub-compartments can be defined by the internal liner. For example, the internal liner can be shaped to define a plurality of trays, wherein each tray is arranged to receive at least one PCM unit.

The container can include an outer shell. The outer shell can comprise at least one of: plastics material; and reinforced glass fibre. The outer shell can be substantially rigid.

The container can include thermally insulating material located between the inner liner and the outer shell. The thermally insulating material can include foam.

The thermally insulated walls of the container can include at least one vacuum panel. Preferably each thermally insulated wall can include at least one vacuum panel.

The container can be substantially transparent to x-rays in at least one direction.

A mounting assembly can be applied to a structural member of the container. The structural member can comprise the opening member. The structural member can comprise a container wall, such as one of the thermally insulated walls. The container can include a plurality of structural members. The container can include a plurality of mounting assemblies. Each mounting assembly can be applied to one of the structural members. For example, one of the mounting assemblies can be applied to a thermally insulated rear wall of the container. One of the mounting assemblies can be applied to a thermally insulated side wall. One of the mounting assemblies can be applied to the opening member. The mounting assembly can be arranged to receive and mount at least one PCM unit to its respective structural member. As such, the mounting assembly is a PCM unit mounting assembly. The mounting assembly can be arranged to retain the at least one PCM unit on the structural member during use of the container.

The mounting assembly can include a mounting member on which the at least one PCM unit is mountable. The mounting member can provide a ledge on which the at least one PCM unit is mounted. The mounting member can be attached to, or integrated with, the structural member.

The mounting assembly can include a locking member.

The locking member can be movably attached to the structural member. The locking member can be movably attached to the mounting member.

The locking member can be moved to a first position in which the at least one PCM unit is mountable on to the mounting member.

The locking member can be moved to a second position which, in use, locks the at least one PCM unit to the structural member. In the second position, the locking member can block PCM units from being mounted on to the mounting member.

The invention provides a quick and easy way to mount PCM units to an opening member, such as a door or lid, for a thermally insulated container, and/or a thermally insulated container wall. The invention also prevents the PCM units from disengaging the opening member and/or wall during use, which prevents the goods from being damaged during transit. Having PCM units mounted on the opening member makes use of space that may not otherwise be used for cooling purposes. Having PCM units mounted on the opening member and/or container wall enables the payload temperature to be more predictable and better controlled as the arrangement of the PCM units is predetermined, and typically regular. Thus, it is less likely that any part of the payload will move to a temperature outside of the selected range during transit. The mounting assembly can be arranged to receive and mount a plurality of PCM units to the structural member and to retain the PCM units on the structural member during use of the container. The PCM units can be arranged in an array. For example, the PCM units can be arranged in at least one row on the structural member. The PCM units can be arranged in a plurality of rows on the structural member.

The locking member can be pivotally attached to the structural member. The locking member can be pivotally attached to the mounting member.

The locking member can be arranged to pivot with respect to the structural member. The locking member can pivot from the first position to the second position. The locking member can pivot from the second position to the first position.

The first position can be a first rotational orientation of the locking member. The first rotational orientation can be a generally horizontal orientation. That is, a central longitudinal axis of the locking member can be orientated in a generally horizontal orientation.

The second position can be a second rotational orientation of the locking member. The second rotational orientation can be inclined to the horizontal. In some embodiments, when the locking member is in the second position, the central longitudinal axis of the locking member inclined to the horizontal by an angle in the range 1 to 20 degrees, preferably 1 to 10 degrees.

The locking member can be movable translationally with respect to the structural member. The locking member can be attached to the mounting member in a manner that enables it to move translationally with respect to the structural member. For example, the locking member can be slidably mounted to the mounting member.

The locking member can be arranged to move translationally between the first and second locking positions. The locking member can be arranged to move translationally to a third position. In at least one of the first, second and third positions, the locking member can be arranged generally horizontally. Preferably in a plurality of the first, second and third positions, the locking member is arranged generally horizontally. The locking member can be arranged to move generally vertically between the first, second and third positions.

The locking member can be arranged to pivot in a plane that is generally parallel with the plane of the structural member. The plane can be a generally vertical plane. The locking member can be arranged to move translationally in a plane that is generally parallel with the plane of the structural member. The plane can be a generally vertical plane.

The locking member can overlap the at least one PCM unit and thereby locking the PCM unit to the structural member. For example, the locking member can overlap the at least PCM unit when in the second position.

The mounting member can comprise a first rib that protrudes outwards from the structural member. The first rib can provide the ledge on which the at least one PCM unit can be mounted. The first rib can protrude perpendicularly outwards from the structural member. The first rib can protrude from a major surface of the structural member. The major surface can be an inner surface of the structural member. The major surface can face towards the payload volume. The first rib can protrude outwards from the structural member in a direction that is generally towards the payload volume. The first rib can be arranged sustainably horizontally when the container is in its usual orientation. The first rib can extend along a substantial portion of the width of the structural member. At least part of the first rib can be located in a central portion of the major surface.

The locking member can be pivotally attached to the structural member and/or the mounting member by a pivot pin. The pivot pin can be located towards a central part of the locking member. The locking member can be pivotally attached to a central part of the mounting member. The locking member can be arranged to pivot about a pivot axis that is arranged substantially perpendicular to the major surface of the structural member. The locking member can be arranged to pivot in a plane that is substantially parallel to the plane of the structural member.

The locking member can be elongate. The length of the locking member can be approximately equal to width of a row of the PCM units. The width of the row of PCM units is typically a little less than the width of the structural member. For example, the length of the locking member can be around 70% to 90% of the width of the structural member.

The locking member can comprise a plate.

The locking member can be generally rectangular in plan.

The locking member can include a first recess formed in a first longitudinal edge of the locking member. The first recess can enable a first row of PCM units to be mounted on to the mounting member when the locking member is in the first position.

The length of the first recess can be approximately equal to the width of one of the PCM units in the first row.

The first recess can taper along its length, for example from a relatively shallow depth at a first end of the recess to a deeper depth at a second end of the recess. The first end of the recess can be located adjacent a first end of the locking member. The second end of the recess can be located between the first end of the locking member and the centre of the locking member. The angle of taper of the first recess can be such that when the locking member is in the first position, the edge of the first recess can be oriented substantially horizontally. When the locking member is in the first position, the first recess can overlie the mounting member. This enables PCM units to be mounted on to the mounting member.

The container can include a second mounting member. The locking member can include a second recess formed in a second longitudinal edge of the locking member. The second recess enables a second row of PCM units to be mounted on to the second mounting member when the locking member is in the first position. The length of the second recess can be approximately equal to the width of one of the PCM units in the second row.

The second recess tapers along its length, for example from a relatively shallow depth at a first end of the recess to a deeper depth at a second end of the recess. The first end of the second recess can be located adjacent a second end of the locking member. The second end of the second recess can be located between the second end of the locking member and the centre of the locking member. The angle of taper of the second recess can be such that when the locking member is in the first position, the edge of the second recess can be oriented substantially horizontally. When the locking member is in the first position, the second recess can overlie the mounting member. This enables PCM units to be mounted on to the second mounting member.

The mounting assembly can include at least one locking element arranged to selectively lock the position of the locking member.

The locking element can be moved to a non-locking position. The locking element can be moved to a locking position. The locking element can be moved manually and/or by a tool to the non-locking position. When the locking element is in the non-locking position the locking member can be moved between the first and second positions, for example the locking member can be pivoted between the first and second positions.

The mounting assembly can include a resilient member arranged to bias the locking element into the locking position.

The locking element can be mounted on one of the locking member and the structural member. The other of the locking member and structural member can include a locking formation. The locking element can be arranged to engage the locking formation to lock the position of the locking member.

The mounting member can include one of the locking element and locking formation.

Preferably locking member includes the locking formation and the structural member and/or mounting member includes the locking element. The locking element or locking formation can be located towards an end portion of the locking member.

The locking element can be arranged to lock the position of the locking member when the locking member is at the second position. The locking element and the locking formation can be positioned such that they only lockingly engage with one another when the locking member is moved to the second position.

The locking element can comprise a pin. The pin can be retractable.

The locking formation can comprise one of an aperture and recess.

The mounting assembly include a plurality of locking elements. The mounting assembly can include a plurality of respective locking formations. A first locking element or first locking formation can be located towards a first end of the locking member. The other one of the first locking formation and the first locking element can be located on the structural member or mounting member in a corresponding position. A second locking element or second locking formation can be located towards a second end of the locking member. The other one of the second locking formation and second locking element can be located on the structural member or mounting member in a corresponding position.

The mounting assembly can include at least one limiting element arranged to limit the extent of movement of the locking member.

The at least one limiting element can be arranged to limit pivoting movement of the locking member. In some embodiments, when the locking member has rotated to its maximum extent in a first rotational direction the locking member is at the first position. In some embodiments, when the locking member has rotated to its maximum extent in a second rotational direction the locking member is at the second position.

The at least one limiting element can be arranged to limit translational movement of the locking member. In some embodiments, when the locking member has translated to its maximum extent in a first direction the locking member is at the first position. In some embodiments, when the locking member has translated to its maximum extent in a second direction the locking member is at the third position.

One of the locking member and the structural member can include the at least one limiting element and the other of the locking member and the structural member can include a limiting formation arranged to engage the limiting element. In some embodiments, the mounting member includes one of the limiting element and limiting formation. In some embodiments, the limiting element comprises a pin. In some embodiments, the limiting formation comprises a slot. The pin can be located within the slot. The pin can move within the slot.

Preferably the locking member includes the locking formation. Preferably the structural member includes the at least one locking element. Preferably the mounting member includes the at least one locking element.

Some embodiments include a plurality of limiting elements. Some embodiments include a plurality of limiting formations. Typically, the number of limiting elements matches the number of limiting formations. Typically, a limiting element engages with a respective limiting formation. In some embodiments, the locking member includes a plurality of slots and the structural member and/or mounting member includes a plurality of pins, wherein each pin is located in a respective slot. In some embodiments, at least one locking element and/or at least one locking formation can be located towards a first end of the locking member. In some embodiments, at least locking element and/or at least one locking formation can be located towards a second end of the locking member.

The door or the lid can be hinged to at least one of the walls of the container. The door can have a vertical orientation in normal use. The container can include at least one support element for at least partly supporting the weight of the door in an open condition. The support element can be a ground engaging support element, such as a caster.

The mounting member can be located between first and second rows of PCM units. The first row can be an upper row. The second row can be a lower row. The first row of PCM units can be mounted on the mounting member.

The second row of PCM units can be mounted on a second mounting member. The second mounting member can comprise a second rib. The second rib can protrude outwards from the major surface of the structural member. That is, the same major surface as the first rib. The second rib can be arranged parallel to the first rib. The second rib can be located in a peripheral portion of the structural member, for example adjacent a lower edge of the structural member.

The first and second ribs define a channel in the structural member arranged to receive the second row of PCM units. The second mounting member provides a ledge on to which the second row of PCM units can be mounted.

The locking member can be arranged to overlap the first row of PCM units when in the second position, thereby locking the first row of PCM units to the structural member. For example, the locking member can be arranged to overlap lower portions of the first row of PCM units.

The locking member can be arranged to overlap the second row of PCM units when in the second position, thereby locking the second row of PCM units to the structural member. For example, the locking member can be arranged to overlap upper portions of the second row of PCM units.

The mounting system can include a third rib. The third rib can be arranged parallel with the first rib. The third rib can protrude outwards from the major surface of the structural member. That is, the same major surface as the first rib. The second rib can be located in a peripheral portion of the structural member, for example adjacent an upper edge of the structural member.

The first and third ribs define a channel in the structural member arranged to receive the first row of PCM units.

The mounting assembly can include a lip that is arranged to overlap portions of the first row of PCM units. The lip can comprise a plate attached to the third rib that is arranged to overlap upper portions of the first row of PCM units. The plate can run along the substantially the full length of the third rib.

The mounting assembly can include a lip that is arranged to overlap portions of the second row of PCM units. The lip can comprise a plate attached to the second rib that is arranged to overlap lower portions of the first row of PCM units. The plate can run along the substantially the full length of the second rib.

The mounting assembly can include at least one further mounting member.

The mounting assembly can include at least one further locking member.

The container can include at least one PCM unit, and preferably a plurality of PCM units.

The or each PCM unit can comprise a sealable substantially rigid container for storing phase change material therein. The container can include a set of PCM units for mounting to the opening member. Typically, the number of PCM units in the set can be in the range 2 to 10, and preferably 4 to 8. The container can include additional PCM units mounted on at least one of the container walls, for example on at least one of a base, roof, front wall, rear wall and side wall.

The PCM units are arranged to be thermally conditioned prior to use such that the material within is uniformly in one physical state. During transit the PCM units absorb heat energy from, or supply heat energy to, their surroundings thereby causing the PCM within to change physical state over a period of time. The rigid arrangement of the PCM units also maintains temperature equilibriation of the storage volume by air conduction.

Typically, a PCM is selected to change physical state at a temperature greater than or equal to -25°C. Typically a PCM is selected to change physical state at a temperature less than or equal to 25°C. Typically a PCM is selected to change physical state at a temperature in one of the following ranges: +2°C to +8°C; -25°C to -15°C; and + 15 to +25°C. When it is required to maintain the temperature of the goods at around -20°C, preferably the PCM is a salt solution such as silver nitrate eutectic salt solution chosen to give a melting point of -20°C. Preferably the phase change material is selected to have at least one of the following thermal properties: a high latent heat energy of fusion per unit volume, a high specific heat energy capacity, low density, high thermal conductivity, small volume changes on phase transformation and low vapour pressure at operating temperatures.

Since the PCM units store the phase change material, in use, and the hollow container is substantially rigid, this ensures that the overall body of the PCM units is substantially rigid even when the PCM is in a liquid or solid state. The hollow container is preferably made from a polymer such as polyethylene.

The container can be arranged to include at least one PCM unit that will freeze during use, thus liberating heat energy, and at least one PCM unit that melts during use, thus absorbing heat energy. The set of PCM units can include a first PCM unit having a first PCM arranged to change phase at a first temperature and a second PCM unit having a second PCM arranged to change phase at a second temperature, wherein the first and second temperatures are different.

For example, when it is required to maintain the temperature of the goods in the range +2°C to +8°C, the first PCM can be selected to change phase at a temperature in the range -20°C to +5°C and the second PCM can be selected to change phase at a temperature in the range +5°C to +20°C. Preferably at least one of the PCM units is water-based with a melting point around 0°C, and may include additives such as acticides and nucleating agents; and preferably at least one of the PCMs can comprise a paraffin wax which has a melting point of around +5°C.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a thermally insulated container according to a first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a door of the thermally insulated container of Figure 1, showing a rear side of the door, which faces into the container, the door having a mounting assembly for PCM units;

Fig. 3 is a rear view of the door of Fig. 2, which faces into the container;

Fig. 4 is right side view of the door of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a left side view of the door of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an isometric view of part of the mounting assembly of Fig. 2, the mounting assembly having a pivotable restraining member with a locking member in a locking position; Fig. 7 is an isometric view of part of the mounting assembly of Fig. 2, the mounting assembly having a pivotable restraining member with a locking member in an unlocked position;

Fig. 8 is a view of part of the mounting assembly of Fig. 2, with the pivotable restraining member in an open position;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view through the door and the locking member;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of part of Fig. 9;

Figure 11 is an isometric view of the thermally insulated container of Figure 1, with the door omitted to show the interior of the thermally insulated container;

Figure 12 is a plan view of a protective panel which is located within the interior of the thermally insulated container to protect PCM units;

Figure 13 is an end view of the protective panel of Figure 12;

Figure 14 is an enlarged view of part of the protective panel of Figures 12 and 13.

Figures 15 to 21 illustrate a mounting sequence, showing how PCM units are mounted on to the door of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 22 is a plan view of an alternative locking member.

A thermally insulated container 1 (hereinafter referred to as the container 1) according to a first embodiment of the invention is shown in Figs. 1 to 15.

The container 1 can be used transporting goods that can be maintained, for example at a temperature of between +2°C and +8°C, such as, for example, vaccines and transplant organs. Insulated containers for different temperatures will be generally similar in construction, but may be modified as described in more detail below to maintain the required temperatures. For example, for some applications the internal temperature may be maintained in the range +15°C to + 25°C whereas for other applications, the internal temperature may be maintained in the range -25°C to -15°C.

The container 1 body preferably consists of an outer shell 1f of, for example, glass reinforced plastic (GRP) or a plastics material; may include an inner liner 1 g, for example comprising a thermally conductive material, such as aluminium; and thermally insulating material, which is preferably located between the inner liner 1g and the outer shell. The thermally insulating material has a very low thermal conductivity value. The thermally insulating material can comprise a single material, for example a can comprise a foamed plastics material, or can comprise a plurality of materials. The thermally insulating material can include at least one, and typically a plurality, of vacuum insulation panels. For example, each wall of the container 1 body can include at least one vacuum insulation panel.

The container 1 preferably has a generally cuboid shape. The container 1 includes a top wall 1a, a base 1 b, two side walls 1c and a rear wall 1d. The container 1 includes an opening member in the form of a door 3. The walls 1a, 1 b, 1c, 1d and the door 3 define an internal payload volume in which the temperature sensitive goods can be stored.

The door 3 consists of an outer shell of, for example, glass reinforced plastic (GRP) or a plastics material and thermally insulating material located within the outer shell. The thermally insulating material has a very low thermal conductivity value. The thermally insulating material can comprise a single material, for example a can comprise a foamed plastics material, or can comprise a plurality of materials. The thermally insulating material can include at least one vacuum insulation panel.

The door 3 is attached to one of the side walls 1c of the container by hinges 7, and is arranged to pivot with respect to the side wall. The door 3 can include a caster 9, to support the weight of the door. The door 3 includes a silicon seal (not shown) which has a sealing fit with the body of the box. The container can include at least one mounting assembly 11. For example, the door 3 can include a mounting assembly 11.

The mounting assembly 11 is arranged to receive and mount a set of PCM units 10 to the door 3 and to retain the PCM units on the door 3 during use of the container 1.

The mounting assembly 11 is located on an inner major face 13 of the door 3. The mounting assembly 11 includes a first mounting member in the form of a central rib 15, a second mounting member in the form of a lower rib 17, and a third mounting member in the form of an upper rib 19. The upper rib 19, central rib 15 and lower rib 17 are arranged parallel to one another. The upper rib 19, central rib 15, and lower rib 17 are arranged horizontally when the door is in its normal vertical orientation. The upper rib 19 and the central rib 15 form a first channel for receiving a first row of PCM units 10. The lower rib 17 and the central channel 15 form a second channel for receiving a second row of PCM units 10. With the door 3 in its normal vertical orientation, the central rib 15 provides a ledge on which the first row of PCM units 10 are seated, and the lower rib 17 provides a ledge on which the second row of PCM units 10 are seated. The channels are closed off at each end by vertical members 29.

An elongate plate 21 is attached to an inwardly facing surface of the upper rib 19. The plate 21 over hangs a lower edge of the upper rib 19, and thereby forms a first lip that is arranged to hold the first row of PCM units 10 to the door 3. The plate 21 overlies upper portions of the first row of PCM units 10. An elongate plate 23 is attached to an inwardly facing surface of the lower rib 17. The plate 23 over hangs an upper edge of the lower rib 17, and thereby forms a second lip that is arranged to hold the second row of PCM units 10 to the door 3. The plate 23 overlies lower portions of the second row of PCM units 10.

The mounting assembly 11 includes a moveable locking member 25 that is arranged to secure the PCM units 10 to the door 3. The locking member 25 can comprise a generally rectangular plate that is pivotally attached to the central rib 15 by a pivot pin 27. The pivot pin 27 is preferably located at approximately the centre of the locking member 25. The locking member 25 is arranged to move between a first rotational position in which the PCM units 10 can be loaded on to the door 3 and a second rotational position that locks the PCM units 10 in place. The first rotational orientation is a generally horizontal orientation. The second rotational orientation is inclined to the horizontal. When the locking member 25 is in the second position, a central longitudinal axis of the locking member is inclined to the horizontal by an angle in the range 1 to 20 degrees, preferably 1 to 10 degrees.

When the locking member 25 is in the second position, it overlaps lower portions of the first row of PCM units 10 and upper portions of the second row of PCM units 10, thereby securing the PCM units 10 to the door 3.

The length of the locking member 25 is approximately equal to the combined width of the PCM units 10 in one of the rows of PCM units.

The locking member 25 includes a first recess 31 formed in a first longitudinal edge 33 of the locking member. The first longitudinal edge 33 is typically an upper edge of the locking member 25. The first recess 31 enables the first row of PCM units to be mounted on to the central rib 15 when the locking member 25 is in the first position. The length of the first recess 31 is approximately equal to the width of one of the PCM units 10 in the first row. The first recess 31 tapers along its length from a relatively shallow depth at a first end 31a of the recess to a deeper depth at a second end 31 b of the recess. The first end 31a of the recess can be located adjacent a first end 25a of the locking member. The second end 31 b of the recess can be located between the first end 25a of the locking member and the pivot pin 27. The angle of taper of the first recess 31 can be such that when the locking member is the first position, the edge of the first recess is oriented substantially horizontally (see Figs 8 and 9). When the locking member 25 is in the first position, the longitudinal edge of the first recess 31 lies over the central rib 15. This allows the first row of PCM units 10 to be mounted on to an upper surface of the central rib 15.

The locking member 25 includes a second recess 35 formed in a second longitudinal edge 37 of the locking member. The second longitudinal edge 37 is typically a lower edge of the locking member 25. The second recess 35 enables the second row of PCM units 10 to be mounted on to the lower rib 17 when the locking member 25 is in the first position. The length of the second recess 35 is approximately equal to the width of one of the PCM units 10 in the second row. The second recess 35 tapers along its length from a relatively shallow depth at a first end 35a of the recess to a deeper depth at a second end 35b of the recess. The first end 35a of the recess can be located adjacent a second end 25b of the locking member. The second end 35b of the recess can be located between the second end 25b of the locking member and the pivot pin 27. The angle of taper of the second recess 35 can be such that when the locking member is the first position, the edge of the second recess is oriented substantially horizontally. When the locking member 25 is in the first position, the longitudinal edge of the second recess 33 lies over the central rib 15. This allows the second row of PCM units 10 to be mounted on to an upper surface of the lower rib 17.

The assembly includes first and second locking elements 39,41 and first and second locking formations 43,45 that are arranged to selectively lock the position of the locking member 25. Each locking element 39,41 is movable, and typically comprises a movable locking pin. Each locking pin is located on the central rib 15. Each locking formation 43,45 comprises a hole or recess formed through the locking member 25. Of course, it will be appreciated that in some embodiments the pins can be mounted on the locking member 25 and the holes formed in the rib 15. Each locking element 39,41 is arranged to engage its respective locking formation 43,45 when the locking member 25 is in its second (locking) rotational position. The first locking element 39 is located adjacent the first end 25a of the locking member. The second locking element 41 is located adjacent the second end 25b of the locking member. Each locking element 39,41 is movable from a non-locking position to a locking position, and from the locking position to the non-locking position. Each locking element 39,41 can be moved manually from the locking position to the non-locking position or can be moved by means of a tool. When each locking element 39,41 is in its non-locking position, the locking member 25 can be pivoted about pivot pin 27 between the first and second positions. When each locking element 39,41 is in its locking position, the locking member 25 is prevented from pivoting about pivot pin 27. Each locking element 39,41 has a respective spring 40 that is arranged to act on the locking element 39,41 in order to bias the respective locking element 39,41 into the locking position. Thus, the locking elements 39,41 automatically engage their respective locking formations 43,45 when the locking member 25 is in the second position.

The assembly includes a plurality of limiting elements 47,49,51,53,55,57 (see Figs. 8 and 9) arranged to limit the extent of rotational movement of the locking member 25, about pivot pin 27. Six limiting elements 47,49,51,53,55,57 are shown in the Figures, however the exact number is not critical. Each limiting element 47,49,51,53,55,57 is fixed to the central rib 15, and protrudes outwards therefrom. Each limiting element, which is typically in the form of a pin, is located within a respective limiting formation 59,61,63,65,67,69 formed in the locking member. Each limiting formation 59,61,63,65,67,69 comprises a slot. As the locking member 25 rotates about pivot pin 27, the limiting elements move within their respective slots. When the locking member 25 has rotated to its maximum extent in a first rotational direction, and each limiting element is at a first end of its respective slot, the locking member 25 is at the first position. When the locking member 25 has rotated to its maximum extent in a second rotational direction, and each limiting element is at a second end of its respective slot, the locking member is at the second position. It will be appreciated that the limiting elements 47,49,51,53,55,57 can be formed on the locking member 25 and limiting formations 59,61,63,65,67,69 can be formed on the central rib 15.

The PCM units 10 are typically in the form or a phase change material panel (PCMP). Each PCM unit 10 comprises a hollow container made from a polymer such as polyethylene and is filled with a PCM. The PCM used is dependent on the temperature characteristics that the payload requires. For example, when the goods being transported need to be kept at a temperature in the range +2°C to +8°C, the following PCMs can be used: filtered water, preferably having two acticides: DB20, which is fast acting, and MBS, which is slower acting; and a paraffin wax (for example, mostly n- tetradecane). Each PCM unit 10 is filled via an opening in the container, which is then sealed with a foil seal and covered with a protective polythene cap. Alternatively, the cap can be spun welded to the container body, or can comprise a screw cap or bung.

Each container is substantially planar in that it has a large surface area when viewed in plan and a relatively small depth.

An advantage of the invention is that for each of the temperature ranges +2°C to +8°C; -25°C to -15°C; +15°C to +25°C it is only necessary to have one set of PCM panels (one different set for each temperature range) for any destination, that is regardless as to whether the container is being sent to a relatively hot country or a relatively cold country. This is because of the thermal stability achieved by the invention.

In use, prior to loading the container 1, each of the PCM units 10 is conditioned by cooling (or heating) to predetermined temperatures. For example, PCM units 10 containing a PCM that changes phase at 0°C, are cooled to a temperature of around - 20°C and the PCM units 10 containing a PCM that changes phase at +5°C, are cooled to a temperature of around +6 °C. The PCMPs 10 are then loaded into the insulated container 1. The PCM units 10 are then loaded on to the door 3. The loading sequence is illustrated in Figures 9, 10 and 15 to 21, which provides two rows of three PCM units 10. It will be appreciated that the number of PCM units 10 that can be fitted in each row depends on the dimensions of each PCM unit 10 and the dimensions of the door 3.

Firstly, the locking elements 39,41 are disengaged and the locking member 25 is moved to the first position (see Fig. 9). In the first position, the longitudinal edges of the recessed portions 31,33 lie over the central rib 15, which allows the PCM units 10 to be loaded on to the upper surface of the central rib 15 and the upper surface of the lower rib 17. Figure 10 illustrates PCM units 10 being mounted on to the upper surface of the central rib 15 and the upper surface of the lower rib 17. The PCM units 10 are loaded on to their respective ribs 15,17 in the vicinity of the first and second recesses 31,33 and are then slid along their respective ribs 15,17 until they abut against the vertical members 29 (see Figure 11). Additional PCM units 10 are mounted on to the upper surface of the central rib 15 and the upper surface of the lower rib 17 in a similar fashion (see Fig. 12) and are slid along their respective ribs 15,17 until they sit adjacent a PCM unit 10 already loaded on to the door 3 (see Fig. 13). Figure 14 illustrates the final PCM unit 10 being loaded on to each row of PCM unitsl 0. Figure 15 illustrates the locking member 25 being rotated to the second (locking) position, wherein locking member 25 overlaps lower portions of the PCM units 10 in the first row and upper portions of the PCM units in the second row, thereby securing the PCM units 10 to the door 3.

It will be appreciated that in addition to the PCM units 10 mounted on to the door 3, additional PCM units 10 can be placed elsewhere within the container. Mounting PCM units 10 on the rear wall 1d is achieved in a similar manner to mounting on to the door 3.

Figure 11 is a view of the thermally insulated container 1, which omits the door 3 so that the interior of the container can be viewed. The interior of the container 1 includes a compartment 1e that is arranged to receive and store the goods to be transported by the container.

A mounting assembly 11 can be located on the rear wall 1d of the container 1. The mounting assembly 11 on the rear wall 1d of the container is arranged and operates similarly to the mounting assembly 11 on the door 3.

At least one, and preferably each, of the side walls 1c includes a mounting assembly 12, which is arranged to hold at least one, and preferably a plurality, of PCM units 10 to the respective side wall 1c. The mounting assembly 12 includes a rib 14, which protrudes from the side wall 1c towards the compartment 1e. The rib is arranged substantially horizontally. Typically, the rib 14 is centrally located in a central region of the side wall. The mounting assembly 12 includes a securing member 16, which is typically in the form of a plate, and which is arranged to secure the PCM units 10 to the respective side wall 1c. The securing member 16 is attached to the rib 14, for example by screws. The securing member 16 protrudes beyond an upper surface 14a of the rib. A channel is formed by the securing member 16, the upper surface of the rib 14a and the side wall 1c, which is arranged to receive a lower end of at least one PCM unit 10. The securing member 16 protrudes beyond a lower surface 14b of the rib. A channel is formed by the securing member 16, the lower surface of the rib 14b and the side wall 1c, which is arranged to receive an upper end of at least one PCM unit 10. Each channel is open at an end that faces towards the door 3, which enables PCM units 10 to be pushed into the channels.

When at least one PCM unit 3 is mounted on the upper surface 14a of the rib, the rib 14 at least partly supports the weight of the PCM unit 10. The securing member 16 prevents the lower end of the PCM unit 3 from sliding off the rib 14 in the direction of the compartment 1e. The mounting assembly 12, is arranged to receive PCM units 10 below the rib 14. The securing member 16 prevents upper ends of the PCM units 10 from falling in the direction of the compartment 1e. Thus, the mounting assembly 12 facilitates having two rows of PCM units 10 mounted on the respective side wall 1c, an upper row and a lower row. Of course, including a further mounting assembly 12 on the same side wall 1c would facilitating having at least one further row of PCM units 10 on that side wall 1c.

The container 1 includes at least one PCM unit storage compartment 100 (hereinafter "storage compartment 100"). The storage compartment 100 can be located, for example, at the top wall 1a. The storage compartment 100 can be located, for example, towards the base 1c. In some embodiments, the container includes a plurality of storage compartments 100, for example, an upper storage compartment 100 located at the top wall 1a and a lower storage compartment 100 located at the base 1 b (see Figure 11).

Each storage compartment 100 is arranged to receive at least one, and preferably a plurality, of PCM units 10. The storage compartment 100 separates the PCM units 10 from the compartment 1e, and maintains the positions of the PCM units 10 within the compartment 100 during transit.

The storage compartment 100 includes a panel 102. The panel 102 is an inner member, since it separates the PCM units 10 from the compartment 1e (see Figures 12 and 13). The panel 102 comprises a major planar portion 104 that is generally rectangular in plan (see Figure 13). The panel 102 is sized and shaped to approximately cover the base 1 b or upper wall 1a respectively. The panel 102 is made from a plastics material. The major planar portion 104 includes a plurality of apertures 106, six apertures 106 are shown in Figure 12. The apertures 106 reduce the weight of the panel 102, without compromising the strength of the panel 102, and facilitate convection currents between the compartment 1e and the storage compartment 100.

The panel 102 includes two lateral peripheral portions 108. Each peripheral portion 108 extends along a respective lateral edge 110 of the major planar portion 104, and is vertically offset from the major planar portion 104, thereby forming a step (see Figures 12 and 13). That is the lateral peripheral portions 108 are stepped out of the plane of the major planar portion 104. The lateral peripheral portions 108 are arranged parallel to one another. The plane of each lateral peripheral portion 108 is arranged generally parallel with the plane of the major planar portion 104, and the vertical offset height for each lateral peripheral portion is substantially the same. The lateral edges 110 of the panel are located on opposite sides of the major planar portion 104.

Each lateral peripheral portion 108 includes an arrangement of locating formations 108a that are arranged to engage with complementary locating formations on at least one of the internal liner 1 g, the base 1b and the top wall 1a.

Protruding portions 112 protrude outwards from the plane of the major planar portion 104. The protruding portions 112 are arranged to engage either lower or upper ends of the PCM units 10 in order to retain the PCM units 10 on their respective side walls 1c. The protruding portions 112 are located along the lateral edges 110 of the panel. The protruding portions 112 extend out of the plane of the planar portion 104 in a direction that is substantially opposite from the direction in which the lateral peripheral portions 108 are stepped. For example, if the protruding portions 112 protrude in a generally upwards direction, for example when the panel 102 is used in a lower storage compartment 100, the peripheral edges 108 are stepped in a generally downward direction (see Figures 11 and 13). In this arrangement, PCM units 10 in the lower rows of PCM units 10 on the side walls 1c are mounted on to the respective lateral peripheral portions 108 of the panel 4. If the protruding portions 112 protrude in a generally downwards direction, for example when the panel is used in an upper storage compartment 100, the lateral peripheral portions 108 of are stepped in a generally upward direction (the inverse of Figure 13). In this arrangement, the peripheral portions 108 are located on, or slightly above, upper parts of the PCM units 10 mounted in the upper rows of PCM units 10 on the side walls 1c. The protruding portions 112 can be crenelated (see Figures 11 to 13). This helps to reduce the weight of the panel 102, while providing the retaining function. Alternatively, each protruding portion 112 can comprise a rib that extends along the length of its respective lateral edge 110 of the panel.

The major planar portion 104 includes ridges 114 formed in a face 118 of the major planar portion 104 that faces away from the compartment 1e. The ridges 114 are arranged substantially parallel with the lateral edges 110, and are located in a central portion of the panel.

The storage compartment 100 includes first and second outer walls 120, which comprise part of the container inner lining 1g. The outer walls 120, are outer members since they are located between the PCM units and either the upper wall 1a or the base 1 b, i.e. they are spaced further away from the compartment 1 e than the panel 102.

Each of the first and second outer walls 120 includes a panel 122, a wall 124 arranged substantially perpendicularly to the plane of the panel 122, and a lateral peripheral portion 126. Each lateral peripheral portion 126 extends along a lateral edge of the respective panel 122. The plane of lateral peripheral portion 126 is vertically offset from the plane of the respective panel 122, thereby forming a step (see Figure 11). The plane of the lateral peripheral portion 126 is arranged generally parallel with the plane of its respective panel 122. The lateral peripheral portion 126 is located on an opposite side of the respective panel 122 from the respective wall 124.

The panel 102 can be attached to the first and second outer walls 120.

One of the lateral peripheral portions 108 of the panel contacts a respective lateral peripheral portion 126 of the first outer wall 120. One of the lateral peripheral portions 108,126 overlies the other lateral peripheral portion 108,126. The wall 124 engages the outer facing side 118 of the panel 102, adjacent the ridge 114. The wall 124 runs alongside the ridge 114, and the ridge 114 functions as a locating member for the wall 124.

The other one of the lateral peripheral portions 108 of the panel contacts the lateral peripheral portion 126 of the second outer wall 120. One of the lateral peripheral portions 108,126 overlies the other one of the lateral peripheral portions 108,126. The wall 124 engages the outer facing side 118 of the panel 102, adjacent the ridge 114. The wall 124 runs alongside the ridge 114, and the ridge 114 functions as a locating member for the wall 124.

The panel 102 is fixed to the container body by screws 128, which pass through holes 130 formed through the panel 102. Additionally, or alternatively, the panel 102 can be fixed to the container body by screws passing through the lateral peripheral portions 108. Using screws enables the panel 102 to be removed.

The panel 102 and the first and second outer walls 120 define a first compartment 100. The walls 124 divide the compartment 100 into two sub-compartments, each of which has a cavity that is sized and shaped to receive at least one PCM unit 10. Each of the first and second sub-compartments is open at a side adjacent the door 3 to enable the PCM units 10 to be inserted into, and removed from, the sub-compartments.

Having a storage compartment 100 located at the base 1 b of the container enables PCM units 10 to be located at the base 1 b of the container to cool the goods in the compartment 1e, with the PCM units 10 being held securely in place by the compartment 100. Furthermore, the storage compartment 100 protects the PCM units 10 from damage when the goods are loading into the container. The panel 102 is sufficiently strong to prevent the PCM units 10 from being damaged when the goods are loaded on top of the storage compartment 100.

For a container including mounting assemblies 11 on the door 3 and rear wall 1 d, mounting assemblies 12 on the side walls 1c, and upper and lower storage compartments 100, it is possible to surround the goods stored within the compartment 1e with PCM units 10, while at the same time ensuring that the PCM units 10 do not become dislodged from their mountings during transit. This helps to protect the goods stored within the container 1 and helps to ensure that the goods stay within the required temperature range during transit.

Figure 19 shows an alternative locking member 225 for a mounting assembly 211 that can be used in place of the locking member used in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the locking member is pivotally attached to the door or container wall 1 d, for example on a rib, and typically a central rib. The alternative locking member 225, is not pivotally attached to the door or container wall, but instead is attached to the door or wall in a manner that allows it to move translationally with respect to the door or wall. The alternative locking member 225 is able to move translationally between an access position, or access positions, in order to allow PCM units to be mounted on to the door or container wall, and a locking position which secures the PCM units to the door or container wall on which they are mounted. For example, the alternative locking member 225 can be arranged for sliding movement relative to the door or container wall on which it is mounted. The alternative locking member 225 is typically arranged to move translationally by a limited amount in a plane that is arranged parallel to the door or container wall on which it is mounted. For example, when mounted on the rear wall of the container, the alternative locking member is arranged to move in a substantially vertical plane.

For arrangements having at least two rows of PCM units mounted on the door or container wall on which the alternative locking member 225 is mounted, the alternative locking member can be arranged to move translationally between first, second and third positions. In the first position, PCM units can be mounted on to the first row since the locking member 225 has been moved away from the first row to provide access to the first row. In the first position, the locking member 225 typically overlaps the second row and therefore prevents access to the second row. In the third position, PCM units can be mounted on to the second row since the locking member 225 has been moved away from the second row to provide access to the second row. In the third position, the locking member 225 typically overlaps the first row and therefore prevents access to the first row. In the second position, the locking member 225 partially overlaps both the first and second rows of PCM units, thereby securing them to the door or container wall on which they are mounted. In the second position, a central longitudinal axis of the locking member is generally aligned with a central longitudinal axis of the rib on which the locking member is mounted, when the locking member is viewed in plan.

Similar to the first embodiment, the assembly includes first and second locking elements 239,241 and first and second locking formations 243,245 that are arranged to selectively lock the position of the locking member 25 in the second position.

Similar to the first embodiment, the assembly includes a plurality of limiting elements 247,249,251,253,255 arranged to limit the extent of translational movement of the locking member 225 with respect to the door or wall on which is mounted. Each limiting element, which is typically in the form of a pin, is located within a respective limiting formation 259,261,263,265,267 formed in the locking member. Each limiting formation 59,61,63,65,67,69 typically comprises a slot. As the locking member 225 moves relative to the door or container wall, the limiting elements move within their respective limiting formations. When the locking member 225 has moved translationally to its maximum extent in a first direction, and each limiting element is at a first end of its respective slot, the locking member 225 is at the first position. When the locking member 225 has moved translationally to its maximum extent in a second direction, and each limiting element is at a second end of its respective slot, the locking member 225 is at the third position. When the locking member 225 is in the second position, the limiting elements 247,249,251,253,255 are located between the respective ends of their slots, for example the limiting elements can be located equidistance from the first and second ends of their respective limiting formations 59,61,63,65,67,69. Various modifications of the invention are possible that fall within the scope of the current invention, some examples of which are discussed below.

A different number of PCM units 10 can be mounted on to the door 3, for example by changing the dimensions of the PCM units 10 and/or the dimensions of the door 3.

The number of rows of PCM units 10 loaded on to the door can be different. For example, to increase the number of rows of PCM units 10, at least one further rib can be provided on the interior of the door. In some embodiments at least one further locking member can be provided. In some embodiments the or each further locking member includes the associated locking elements and limiting elements. To decrease the number of rows to one row, one of the ribs can be removed.

The plates 21,23 can be formed integrally with their respective ribs 17,19.

The mounting assembly 11 can be used on at least one wall of the container 11 in addition to the mounting assembly 1 used on the door in the first embodiment, or as an alternative to the mounting assembly 1 used on the door. Thus, the container can include a plurality of mounting assemblies 11. Therefore, the container 1 can include a single mounting assembly 11 or a plurality of mounting assemblies 11.

In Figure 11, the mounting assembly 11 is shown mounted on a rear wall 1d of the container, however the mounting assembly 11 could be applied to any other wall, such as at least one of the side walls 1 c, as an alternative, or in addition ,to the rear wall. For example, at least one fixed mounting assembly 12 on the side walls 1c can be replaced with a movable mounting assembly 11.

At least one of the storage compartments 100 can be used in the thermally insulated container to protect and/or support at least one PCM unit 10 without requiring the container to include one or mounting assemblies 11,12. That is, the thermally insulated container can be arranged as described herein save for omission of the mounting assemblies 11,12. Instead of the first and second outer walls 120 being part of the internal liner 1 g of the container, the first and second outer walls 120 can be fixed to the panel 102 to form a storage compartment 100. In this arrangement, the or each storage compartment 100 can be inserted into, and removed from, the container 1 as a unit.

At least one of the storage compartments 100 can include a single compartment, for example to store a single PCM unit 10 during transit.

Claims

1. A thermally insulated transportation container for transporting temperature sensitive goods, said container including: thermally insulated walls, including a plurality of thermally insulated side walls; an internal volume; an opening member for accessing the internal volume; and a first panel mounted within the internal volume, wherein the first panel divides the internal volume into a first compartment that provides a storage volume for said goods and a second compartment that provides a storge volume for at least one PCM unit; wherein the first panel includes a major planar portion and a first lateral peripheral portion extending along a first lateral side of the major planar portion, wherein the vertical height of the first lateral peripheral portion is offset from the major planar portion, thereby defining a first step that provides a seating for an end portion of at least one PCM unit mounted to a first thermally insulated side wall of the container; and the first panel includes at least one first protrusion arranged to secure at least one PCM unit to one of the thermally insulated side walls.

2. The container of claim 1, wherein the second compartment has an opening adjacent the opening member for receiving the PCM unit.

3. The container of any one of the preceding claims, the first panel is releasably mounted within the container.

4. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the thermally insulated walls include at least one of: a first side wall; a second side wall; a rear wall; a top wall; and a base.

5. The container according to claim 4, wherein the first panel extends from the first side wall to the second side wall.

6. The container of any one claim 4 or 5, wherein the first panel is located adjacent one of the base of the container and the top wall of the container.

7. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second compartment includes a plurality of sub-compartments, wherein each sub compartment is arranged to house at least one PCM unit.

8. The container of any one of the preceding claims, including a second lateral peripheral portion adjacent a second lateral edge of the major planar portion, wherein the vertical height of the second lateral peripheral portion is offset from the major planar portion thereby defining a second step that provides a seating for an end portion of at least one PCM unit mounted to a second thermally insulated side wall of the container.

9. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the lateral peripheral portions includes at least one locating formation.

10. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one first protrusion protrudes out of the plane of the major planar portion in a direction that is opposite to the direction in which the first lateral portion is vertically offset from the major planar portion.

11. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first panel includes at least one second protrusion arranged to secure at least one PCM unit to at least one of the thermally insulated side walls, and preferably to the second thermally insulated side wall.

12. The container of claim 11 when dependent on claim 8, wherein the at least one second protrusion protrudes out of the plane of the major planar portion in a direction that is opposite to the direction in which the second lateral portion is vertically offset from the major planar portion.

13. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first panel includes a plurality of apertures.

14. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first panel comprises plastics material.

15. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first panel is moulded.

16. The container of any one of the preceding claims, including a second panel releasably mounted within the container, wherein the second panel separates the internal volume to define a third compartment that provides a storge volume for at least one PCM unit.

17. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the container includes an outer shell, and the outer shell comprises at least one of: plastics material; and reinforced glass fibre.

18. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein each thermally insulated wall includes at least one vacuum panel.

19. The container of any one of the preceding claims, including an inner liner.

20. The container of claim 19, wherein the first panel includes locating formations arranged to engage the interior liner, and the inner liner defines sub compartments in the second compartment.

21. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the opening member includes a mounting assembly arranged to receive and mount at least one PCM unit to the opening member and to retain the at least one PCM unit on the opening member during use of the container.

22. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the thermally insulated walls includes a mounting assembly arranged to receive and mount at least one PCM unit to the respective thermally insulated wall and to retain the at least one PCM unit on the wall during use of the container.

23. The container of claim 21 or 22, wherein the mounting assembly includes a mounting member on which the at least one PCM unit is mountable and a locking member that is movably attached to the mounting member, wherein the locking member is moveable to a first position in which the at least one PCM unit is mountable on to the mounting member, and the locking member is moveable to a second position which, in use, locks the at least one PCM unit to the opening member or thermally insulated wall, respectively.

24. The container according to claim 23, wherein the locking member is pivotally attached to the mounting member.

25. The container of claim 24, wherein the first position is a first rotational orientation of the locking member and the second position is a second rotational orientation of the locking member.

26. The container of any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the locking member is movable translationally with respect to the mounting member.

27. The container of any one of claims 23 to 26, wherein the locking member overlaps the at least one PCM unit and thereby locks it to the opening member.

28. The container of any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein the locking member is pivotally attached to the mounting member by a pivot pin, and the pivot pin is located towards a central part of the locking member.

29. The container of any one of claims 23 to 28, including at least one locking element arranged to selectively lock the position of the locking member, wherein the locking element is movable to a non-locking position and to a locking position.

30. The container of claim 29, including a resilient member arranged to bias the locking element into the locking position.

31. The container of any one of the preceding claims, including at least one PCM unit, and preferably a plurality of PCM units.

32. The container of claim 31, wherein the or each PCM unit comprises a sealable substantially rigid container for storing phase change material therein.

33. The container of claim 31 or 32, wherein the PCM changes phase at a temperature in the range -25C to 25C.

34. The container of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the opening member comprises one of a door and a lid.