WO2022179077A1

WO2022179077A1 - Communication and sensing integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2022179077A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/116420
Authority: WO
Inventors: 冯志勇; 尉志青; 马昊; 宁帆; 张奇勋; 黄赛
Original assignee: 北京邮电大学
Priority date: 2021-02-26
Filing date: 2021-09-03
Publication date: 2022-09-01
Also published as: CN112969141B; CN112969141A

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide a communication and sensing integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: determining communication resource occupation information and real-time road condition information on the basis of a vehicle-mounted radar sensing result, the real-time road condition information comprising obstacle information and the type and location information of a communication device; inputting the communication resource occupation information and the real-time road condition information into a pre-trained Markov decision model to determine an action decision of an intelligent vehicle, the action decision comprising allocating communication resources for the intelligent vehicle; and accessing the target intelligent vehicle by means of non-orthogonal multiple access random access on the basis of the allocated communication resources, and sending the real-time road condition information to target intelligent vehicles. Hence, an authorization-free, reservation-free and synchronization-free efficient access mode is provided, and the intelligent vehicle sends the detected real-time road condition information to other intelligent vehicles by means of this efficient access mode, so that the intelligent vehicles can avoid obstacles conveniently, and therefore, congestion can be relieved effectively, and transmission delay is reduced.

Description

A communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method and device

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle self-organizing networks, in particular to a communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method and device.

Background technique

Vehicles and peripheral devices such as mobile phones and road test equipment form a vehicle self-organizing network, which is a high-density and high-dynamic network structure.

Most of the current random access schemes based on Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication structure design retain a large amount of communication reservation information. Machine type communication (MTC), which is mainly based on machine-to-machine communication Access class barring (ACB) is used to implement user access control, that is, in a specific access time slot/frame, the communication of some users is restricted by random level restriction, thereby reducing the probability of congestion at the base station. .

However, this access method cannot fundamentally avoid congestion, and users whose access is restricted in this frame loses the ability to transmit information, so that the important information carried by these users cannot be sent out in time, which reduces the timeliness of the system. Sexuality and validity of information.

It can be seen that the existing random access scheme based on the LTE communication structure is not suitable for a high-density and high-dynamic vehicle self-organizing network, which is prone to data congestion and high transmission delay.

Therefore, an efficient and low-latency transmission scheme suitable for high-density and high-dynamic vehicle ad hoc networks is urgently needed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method and device, so as to realize efficient, low-latency, and low-congestion communication for high-density and high-dynamic vehicle ad hoc networks. data transmission. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method, which is applied to an intelligent vehicle in a vehicle ad hoc network, and the method includes:

Determine communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information based on the vehicle-mounted radar perception result, where the real-time road condition information includes obstacle information and type and location information of communication equipment;

Inputting the communication resource occupancy information and the real-time road condition information into a pre-trained Markov decision model to determine an action decision of the intelligent vehicle, where the action decision includes allocating communication resources to the intelligent vehicle;

Based on the allocated communication resources, the target intelligent vehicle is accessed in a non-orthogonal multiple access random access manner, and the real-time road condition information is sent to the target intelligent vehicle.

Optionally, the action decision includes one or more of the following:

Frequency band selection, bandwidth adjustment, frequency band reselection, radar direction matching, signal collision detection, signal collision probability analysis and signal transmission success rate analysis.

Optionally, the method further includes:

Evaluate the validity of the data contained in the real-time road condition information, and determine the transmission priority based on the validity of the data;

The sending the real-time road condition information to the target intelligent vehicle includes:

Based on the order of transmission priority from high to low, the data contained in the real-time road condition information is sequentially sent to the target intelligent vehicle.

Optionally, the data validity of the real-time road conditions in front of the intelligent vehicle is higher than the data validity of the real-time road conditions behind the intelligent vehicle.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication device, which is applied to an intelligent vehicle in a vehicle ad hoc network, and the device includes:

a first determination module, configured to determine communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information based on a vehicle-mounted radar perception result, where the real-time road condition information includes obstacle information and type and location information of communication equipment;

The second determination module is configured to input the communication resource occupancy information and the real-time road condition information into a pre-trained Markov decision model, and determine an action decision of the intelligent vehicle, where the action decision includes assigning an allocation to the intelligent vehicle. communication resources;

The access module is configured to access the target intelligent vehicle in a non-orthogonal multiple access random access mode based on the allocated communication resources, and send the real-time road condition information to the target intelligent vehicle.

Optionally, the action decision includes one or more of the following:

Optionally, the device further includes:

an evaluation module for evaluating the validity of the data contained in the real-time road condition information, and determining the transmission priority based on the validity of the data;

The access module is specifically configured to: sequentially send the data included in the real-time road condition information to the target intelligent vehicle based on the order of transmission priority from high to low.

To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus;

memory for storing computer programs;

The processor is configured to implement any of the above method steps when executing the program stored in the memory.

To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the above method steps is implemented.

Beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present invention:

By applying the communication sensing integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access method and device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, based on the vehicle radar sensing method, the communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information are obtained, and the action decision is determined based on the Markov decision model, The target intelligent vehicle is accessed in the non-orthogonal multiple access random access mode, and the real-time road condition information is sent to the target intelligent vehicle. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention provides an efficient access method that is authorization-free, reservation-free, and synchronization-free. The intelligent vehicle sends the detected real-time road condition information to other intelligent vehicles through this efficient access method, which is convenient for the intelligent vehicle to carry out Obstacle avoidance is very suitable for high-density and high-dynamic vehicle self-organizing networks, and can effectively alleviate congestion and reduce transmission delay.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product or method of the present invention to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other embodiments can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

1 is a schematic flowchart of a communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to solve the technical problem that the existing random access scheme based on the LTE communication structure is not efficient enough and has high time delay, and thus is not suitable for the vehicle self-organizing network, the embodiment of the present invention provides a communication-aware integrated non-orthogonal multiplexing scheme. Address random access communication method and device.

The method can be applied to a smart vehicle in a vehicle ad hoc network, wherein the vehicle ad hoc network can be composed of a smart vehicle and peripheral devices, and the peripheral devices can include mobile phones, roadside units (RSUs) and base stations. Since the vehicle self-organizing network contains a large number of intelligent vehicles in motion, the vehicle self-organizing network is a high-density and high-dynamic network structure.

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method may include the following steps:

S101: Determine communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information based on a vehicle-mounted radar perception result, where the real-time road condition information includes obstacle information and type and location information of communication equipment.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent vehicle is equipped with a vehicle-mounted radar, which has the ability to perceive the environment and can detect and obtain real-time road condition information. The real-time road condition information may include obstacle information, specifically information such as the location and size of obstacles. The real-time road condition information may also include type and location information of the communication device, where the communication device may include intelligent vehicles, pedestrian terminals, and the like.

In addition, the receiving antenna of the vehicle radar has the characteristic of full-duplex operation, that is, the uplink and downlink use the same frequency to transmit data at the same time. The vehicle radar can analyze the frequency band in real time to determine the information on the occupancy of communication resources, which can also be understood as the occupancy of frequency resources.

S102: Input communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information into a pre-trained Markov decision model to determine an action decision of the intelligent vehicle, where the action decision includes allocating communication resources to the intelligent vehicle.

Among them, the Markov decision model can also be understood as an automatic learning model, and the Markov decision model is a machine learning method for judgment and learning based on prior data. The decision is made, compares the current environmental scene to judge the decision-making plan of a specific event that occurs, and adds the consequences of the event to the analysis of previous events as the basis for the next judgment.

Markov decision models usually contain five model elements: state, action, policy, reward and reward. According to each scene state, the action decisions decided by the system will cause environmental changes or state transitions, and each state transition will have an impact on system performance. Reinforcement learning can be performed by repeating the above process, and the trained Markov decision model can output the best action decision according to the current environment state.

In the embodiment of the present invention, through vehicle-mounted radar perception, the communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information obtained by the intelligent vehicle can be used as the environment state, and the environment state can be input into the pre-trained Markov decision model, and the action decision of the intelligent vehicle can be determined, Action decision can include all possible actions of the device, including resource control of antennas and radars, mechanical actions, and code control, etc. It also includes allocating appropriate communication resources for the communication of intelligent vehicles.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the action decision may further include one or more of the following:

Among them, frequency band selection means random selection of idle frequency bands; broadband adjustment means adjusting the access bandwidth according to the access transmission delay; frequency band re-selection means re-selecting the frequency band or moving the frequency band in the event of access collision; radar direction matching means When the intelligent vehicle moves beyond the angular range recognized by the radar demodulation, it changes the access direction. When changing the direction, the access matching of the adjacent frequency band is performed first, and the frequency band data is copied into the new access environment when the frequency band is idle. , otherwise re-connect.

Signal collision detection means that in the process of demodulation in a specific direction and a specific frequency band, collision detection is performed when the signal cannot be successfully demodulated, signal detection and identification are performed according to the sparse coding of the signal, and continuous interference elimination is performed on the successfully identified signal, so that the The remaining signal can be demodulated.

The signal collision probability analysis means that the collision probability analysis is performed according to the frequency band occupancy, frequency reuse, code allocation, and time slot allocation in the signal. A signal that is damaged and cannot be demodulated is defined as a collision signal.

The analysis of the success rate of signal transmission means that on the basis of the occurrence of the collision, through the analysis of the signal and the analysis of the success rate of the overall signal transmission after the recovery of the collision signal, the overall transmission success probability of the signal is obtained.

S103: Based on the allocated communication resources, access the target intelligent vehicle in a non-orthogonal multiple access random access manner, and send real-time road condition information to the target intelligent vehicle.

There may be multiple target smart vehicles, for example, other smart vehicles within the communication range of the smart vehicles, or may be selected based on other specific conditions.

The traditional communication scheme adopts orthogonal resource allocation, the time domain resources and frequency domain resources are orthogonal to each other and cannot be reused.

Different from the traditional communication scheme, in the embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent vehicle uses the non-orthogonal multiple access random access method to access the target intelligent vehicle.

Specifically, the intelligent vehicle accesses the target intelligent vehicle as quickly as possible in a non-orthogonal multiple access manner without redundant information, and transmits the data information held by itself to the target intelligent vehicle as efficiently as possible to achieve rapid access , fast data transmission, the data information held by itself can include real-time road condition information detected by vehicle radar, as well as its own location information and vehicle identification information.

By applying the communication perception integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, based on the vehicle radar perception method, the communication resource occupation information and real-time road condition information are obtained, and the action decision is determined based on the Markov decision model, and the non-orthogonal multi-access random access method is applied. Orthogonal multiple access random access is used to access the target intelligent vehicle, and real-time road condition information is sent to the target intelligent vehicle. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention provides an efficient access method that is authorization-free, reservation-free, and synchronization-free. The intelligent vehicle sends the detected real-time road condition information to other intelligent vehicles through this efficient access method, which is convenient for the intelligent vehicle to carry out Obstacle avoidance is very suitable for high-density and high-dynamic vehicle self-organizing networks, and can effectively alleviate congestion and reduce transmission delay.

In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to further alleviate congestion and reduce transmission delay, the validity of the data included in the real-time road condition information may be evaluated, and the transmission priority may be determined based on the validity of the data.

In the road environment, not all detection areas of intelligent vehicles will have obstacles. Usually, the obstacles detected by intelligent vehicles are mainly distributed in front of the intelligent vehicle, and the detection data for the rear usually do not contain obstacles. Therefore, the data validity of the real-time road conditions in front of the intelligent vehicle can be set higher than that of the real-time road conditions behind the intelligent vehicle.

The above is only an example. In practical applications, the validity of the data included in the real-time road condition information can be evaluated according to different needs, for example, for data that is unchanged for a long time or changes little, a lower data validity is assigned.

Then, after accessing the target smart vehicle through the non-orthogonal multiple access random access method, the data contained in the real-time road condition information can be sequentially sent to the target smart vehicle based on the order of transmission priority from high to low.

It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, by grading the validity of the data included in the real-time road condition information, the data with high validity can be preferentially transmitted, and when the communication resources are few, the data with low validity may not be transmitted, thereby further reducing the Data congestion increases the effectiveness of data transmission.

Corresponding to the embodiment of the communication method for communication-aware integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a communication-aware integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication device, see Figure 2, the device may include the following modules:

A first determining module 201, configured to determine communication resource occupation information and real-time road condition information based on a vehicle-mounted radar perception result, where the real-time road condition information includes obstacle information and type and location information of communication equipment;

The second determination module 202 is configured to input the communication resource occupancy information and the real-time road condition information into a pre-trained Markov decision model, and determine an action decision of the intelligent vehicle, where the action decision includes an action decision for the intelligent vehicle Allocate communication resources;

The access module 203 is configured to access the target intelligent vehicle in a non-orthogonal multiple access random access manner based on the allocated communication resources, and send the real-time road condition information to the target intelligent vehicle.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the action decision includes one or more of the following:

In an embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes:

In an embodiment of the present invention, the data validity of the real-time road conditions in front of the intelligent vehicle is higher than that of the real-time road conditions behind the intelligent vehicle.

By applying the communication perception integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, based on the vehicle radar perception method, the communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information are obtained, and the action decision is determined based on the Markov decision model, and the non-orthogonal multi-access random access device is used. Orthogonal multiple access random access is used to access the target intelligent vehicle, and real-time road condition information is sent to the target intelligent vehicle. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention provides an efficient access method that is authorization-free, reservation-free, and synchronization-free. The intelligent vehicle sends the detected real-time road condition information to other intelligent vehicles through this efficient access method, which is convenient for the intelligent vehicle to carry out Obstacle avoidance is very suitable for high-density and high-dynamic vehicle self-organizing networks, and can effectively alleviate congestion and reduce transmission delay.

The method and the device are conceived based on the same application. Since the principles of the method and the device for solving the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated here.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, as shown in FIG. 3 , including a processor 301 , a communication interface 302 , a memory 303 and a communication bus 304 , wherein the processor 301 , the communication interface 302 , and the memory 303 pass through the communication bus 304 complete communication with each other,

a memory 303 for storing computer programs;

When the processor 301 is used to execute the program stored in the memory 303, the following steps are implemented:

The communication bus mentioned in the above electronic device may be a peripheral component interconnect standard (Peripheral Component Interconnect, PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, EISA) bus or the like. The communication bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

The communication interface is used for communication between the above electronic device and other devices.

The memory may include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory (Non-Volatile Memory, NVM), such as at least one disk storage. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor.

The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a network processor (Network Processor, NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), dedicated integrated Circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), Field-Programmable Gate Array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the above communication and perception integration is realized Steps of a non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication method.

In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product including instructions, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute any one of the communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random Access communication method.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center is by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more of the available mediums integrated. The usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk (SSD)), and the like.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the communication-aware integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication device, electronic device, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product embodiments, because it is basically similar to the communication-aware integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access Therefore, the description is relatively simple because of the embodiment of the access communication method, and for related details, please refer to the partial description of the embodiment of the communication method for integrated communication perception and non-orthogonal multiple access random access.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple-access random access communication method, characterized in that it is applied to an intelligent vehicle in a vehicle self-organizing network, and the method includes:

Determine communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information based on the vehicle-mounted radar perception result, where the real-time road condition information includes obstacle information and type and location information of communication equipment;

Inputting the communication resource occupancy information and the real-time road condition information into a pre-trained Markov decision model to determine an action decision of the intelligent vehicle, where the action decision includes allocating communication resources to the intelligent vehicle;

Based on the allocated communication resources, the target intelligent vehicle is accessed in a non-orthogonal multiple access random access manner, and the real-time road condition information is sent to the target intelligent vehicle.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the action decision comprises one or more of the following:

Frequency band selection, bandwidth adjustment, frequency band reselection, radar direction matching, signal collision detection, signal collision probability analysis and signal transmission success rate analysis.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

Evaluate the validity of the data contained in the real-time road condition information, and determine the transmission priority based on the validity of the data;

The sending the real-time road condition information to the target intelligent vehicle includes:

Based on the order of transmission priority from high to low, the data contained in the real-time road condition information is sequentially sent to the target intelligent vehicle.
The method of claim 3, wherein:

The data validity of the real-time road conditions in front of the intelligent vehicle is higher than that of the real-time road conditions behind the intelligent vehicle.
A communication-aware-integrated non-orthogonal multiple access random access communication device, characterized in that it is applied to an intelligent vehicle in a vehicle ad hoc network, the device comprising:

a first determination module, configured to determine communication resource occupancy information and real-time road condition information based on a vehicle-mounted radar perception result, where the real-time road condition information includes obstacle information and type and location information of communication equipment;

The second determination module is configured to input the communication resource occupancy information and the real-time road condition information into a pre-trained Markov decision model, and determine an action decision of the intelligent vehicle, where the action decision includes assigning an allocation to the intelligent vehicle. communication resources;

The access module is configured to access the target intelligent vehicle in a non-orthogonal multiple access random access mode based on the allocated communication resources, and send the real-time road condition information to the target intelligent vehicle.
The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the action decision comprises one or more of the following:

Frequency band selection, bandwidth adjustment, frequency band reselection, radar direction matching, signal collision detection, signal collision probability analysis and signal transmission success rate analysis.
The device according to claim 5, wherein the device further comprises:

an evaluation module for evaluating the validity of the data contained in the real-time road condition information, and determining the transmission priority based on the validity of the data;

The access module is specifically configured to: sequentially send the data included in the real-time road condition information to the target intelligent vehicle based on the order of transmission priority from high to low.
The device of claim 7, wherein:

The data validity of the real-time road conditions in front of the intelligent vehicle is higher than that of the real-time road conditions behind the intelligent vehicle.
An electronic device, characterized in that it includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus;

memory for storing computer programs;

The processor is configured to implement the method steps described in any one of claims 1-4 when executing the program stored in the memory.
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method steps of any one of claims 1-4 are implemented.