WO2022178585A1 - Percussion drilling apparatus and torque transfer method - Google Patents
Percussion drilling apparatus and torque transfer method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022178585A1 WO2022178585A1 PCT/AU2022/050147 AU2022050147W WO2022178585A1 WO 2022178585 A1 WO2022178585 A1 WO 2022178585A1 AU 2022050147 W AU2022050147 W AU 2022050147W WO 2022178585 A1 WO2022178585 A1 WO 2022178585A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- drill rod
- torque
- internal body
- rod according
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title description 35
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
- E21B47/017—Protecting measuring instruments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B11/00—Other drilling tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/046—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like with ribs, pins, or jaws, and complementary grooves or the like, e.g. bayonet catches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/08—Casing joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
- E21B7/027—Drills for drilling shallow holes, e.g. for taking soil samples or for drilling postholes
- E21B7/028—Drills for drilling shallow holes, e.g. for taking soil samples or for drilling postholes the drilling apparatus being detachable from the vehicle, e.g. hand portable drills
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/18—Pipes provided with plural fluid passages
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and methods used during percussion drilling operations.
- Percussion drilling such as reverse circulation drilling, uses a bit which is repeatedly hammered to fracture rock and progressively drill or bore through the earth. Percussion drilling creates a harsh environment which is not conducive to measuring tools and components which are sensitive to rapid changes in motion and/or repeated impacts with the associated shock/vibration.
- T raditional methods of percussion drilling operations are conducted in at least two stages which include a drilling stage and a logging stage.
- a drilling stage a drill string is mechanically operated by drilling machinery.
- the second stage requires separately lowering additional equipment to log information about the hole that has been drilled including depth, density and gamma radiation of the drilling formation.
- a drill rod for transferring torque comprising a casing for connection in a drill string; the casing coupled to an internal body by a torque transferring mechanism at each end of the casing such that torque applied to an end of the drill rod is transferred through both of the casing and the body.
- the torque transferring mechanism comprises splines and complementary mating portions.
- the splines are configured to engage with the complementary mating portions, forming a splined connection to transfer torque.
- the torque applied to the casing is also applied to the internal body.
- the torque applied to the internal body is also applied to the casing.
- the casing is separable from the internal body.
- the internal body has one or more fluid supply channels and a fluid return channel.
- the casing comprises complementary mating portions at both ends and the internal body comprises splines at both ends.
- the complementary mating portions of the casing are configured to slidably receive the splines of the internal body.
- an outer diameter of the splines at a first end of the internal body is smaller than an inner diameter of the complementary mating portion at a second end of the casing, so that the internal body is required to be slidably inserted into the casing from the second end.
- the torque transferring mechanism extends continuously around an entire annular portion between the internal body and the casing.
- the torque transfer mechanism comprises a continuous complementary mating profile protruding inwardly from the casing and a continuous splined profile protruding outwardly from the internal body.
- the or each torque transferring mechanism can be coupled to another drill rod having one or more annuluses.
- the drill string comprises a percussion drill bit and a measuring instrument.
- an upper end of the internal body comprises connection means for fluidly connecting to a multi annulus drill rod above the torque transferring mechanism located at the upper end of the internal body as well as to another multi annulus drill rod below the lower torque transferring mechanism located at a lower end of the internal body.
- a drill apparatus comprising the drill rod of the first aspect.
- a method of transferring torque from one end of a drill rod to another comprising transferring torque via both a casing and an internal body.
- the method further comprising transferring torque from a first end of the drill rod to the casing and the internal body.
- the method further comprising transferring torque from the casing and the internal body to a second end of the drill rod.
- Figure 1 is a side view of a drill rod comprising a damping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a side view of the drill rod without the casing showing the damping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2A is an isometric view of the casing which may cover the damping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2B is an isometric view of the measuring instruments coupled to the damping apparatus within the body according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the drill rod having inner compartments with a damper apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 4 is an isometric view of a body of the drill rod having compartments arranged longitudinally around the perimeter of the body according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 is an isometric view of a lower portion of the body showing a downhole spline according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the lower end of the casing which engages with the spline shown in Figure 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7 is an isometric view of an upper end of the casing which engages with an upper uphole spline shown in Figure 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is an isometric view of the upper portion of the body showing the uphole spline according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- drill rod 5 comprising an elongate body 10 within a cylindrical casing 12 having ends suitable for connection into a percussion drilling drill string in place of a standard drill rod. Typically, this will be immediately behind the bottom hole assembly including the drill head in the drill string since the measurements are desired to be taken from a position immediately behind the drill head.
- the body 10 comprises longitudinally extending compartments 212 arranged around an outer diameter of the body 10.
- Each compartment 212 is in the form of a recess or slot as seen in Figures 2B and 4.
- the large compartments 212 are able to receive one or more measuring instruments 180, as described further below.
- Percussion drilling is an umbrella term that includes but is not limited to, reverse circulation drilling and air core drilling.
- the present invention may be suitable for any form of drilling where the drill string experiences high impact and/or repetitive impact forces.
- the forces that the measuring instrument 180 experiences may be axial, radial and/or rotational shock/vibration experienced independently, or a combination of the aforementioned. Such forces may impede the measuring instrument 180 from collecting accurate data and/or functioning entirely.
- an upper end of body 10 having a torque transferring mechanism.
- the torque transferring mechanism comprises a plurality of splines 414 and complementary spline mating portion 416 comprising complementary grooves for receiving the splines 414.
- the lower end of the body 10 comprising a torque transferring mechanism, preferably comprising a plurality of splines 418 and complementary spline mating portion 420 comprising complementary grooves.
- An alternative to the splines includes a sawtooth shaped set of teeth.
- Each torque transferring mechanism provides a physical connection which, when a torque is applied to a portion of the drill rod 5, the torque is transferred through each of the body 10 and the casing 12.
- the transfer of torque between the body 10 and casing 12 provides additional rigidity and strength during percussion drilling operations and/or operations which impart high and/or repetitive torque loads.
- FIG. 6 and 7 there is provided a profile within the upper end of casing 12 and the lower end of casing 12 in the form of respective complementary spline mating portions 416, 420, respectively.
- the complementary spline mating portion 416 receives each of the teeth or splines 414 positioned on the body 10 at the upper portion of the body 10.
- the spline mating portion 420 receives each of the teeth or splines 418 located on the lower portion of the body 10.
- the splines 414, 418 mesh with the profile of complementary spline mating portion 416, 420, respectively.
- the splines 414, 418 may be positioned on the casing 12 and the respective complementary spline mating portions 416, 420 may be located on the body 10.
- the splines 414, 418 may be affixed to the body 10 or integrally formed therein.
- Alternative embodiments may have the splines 414, 418 affixed to the casing 12 or integrally formed therein.
- Complementary spline mating portions 416, 420 may be affixed to the casing 12 or integrally formed therein.
- Alternative embodiments may have the complementary spline mating portions 416, 420 affixed to the body 10 or integrally formed therein.
- the combination of spline 414 and complementary spline mating portion 416 form a torque transferring mechanism which is also able to be separated so as to provide access to the to the interior of the casing, such as to compartments with measuring instrument(s) therein.
- the interaction of spline 418 and complementary mating portion 420 provide a physical connection for sharing a torque load between the body 10 and casing 12.
- Each torque transferring mechanism transfers a torque applied to the body 10 throughout the body 10 and the casing 12. Conversely, the torque applied to the casing 12 is applied to the casing 12 and the body 10.
- the casing 12 comprises complementary spline mating portions 416, 420 which slideably receives the body 10, the body 10 comprising spline 414, 418.
- the outer diameter at spline 418 must be smaller than an inner diameter of the complementary spline mating portion 416.
- the casing is separable from the internal body.
- the body 10 and casing 12 may each comprise one of the splines 414, 418 and one of the complementary spline mating portions 416, 420.
- the outer diameter of spline 414 may be smaller than an inner diameter of the complementary spline mating portion 420 requiring the body 10 to be slideably inserted into the casing 12 from the opposite end.
- the upper portion of the body 10 comprises connection means for fluidly connecting to a multi annulus drill rod above the torque transferring mechanism located at the upper end of the body 10 as well as below the lower torque transferring mechanism located at the lower end of the body 10.
- the annulus of the drill rod above the body 10 in the drill string fluidly connects with the upper end of the body 10 at or adjacent to the upper torque transferring mechanism.
- the lower end of the body 10 connects with the annulus of the drill rod or bottom hole assembly below the body 10 at or adjacent to the lower torque transferring mechanism.
- measuring the orientation of a measurement tool during percussion drilling operations comprises drilling a hole using a drill string having a percussion drill bit and, preferably, a measuring instrument 180; transferring torque applied to the drill string to an end of the drill rod 5 through the casing 12 and the body 10 to an opposite end of the drill rod 5, and preferably, measuring the orientation of the tool as the hole is being drilled.
- the action of the percussion drill bit is paused to add another drill rod, and when the drill string is extracted drill rods are removed.
- the measuring instrument 180 takes a calibration measurement. Because torque transfer is shared by the casing 12 and the body 10, the casing 12 can potentially be thinner than in a standard drill rod, which allow for greater clearance between the measuring instrument 180 and the casing 12, or for more space to accommodate the measuring instrument 180.
- pneumatic percussion drilling is where there is a hammer actuated by pressurised air that strikes an anvil component of or connected to a drill bit so that the drill bit impacts on rock on the bottom of a drill hole so as to break the rock. The hammer is directly next to the drill bit.
- This type of percussion drilling is used in rotary air blasting (RAB) and reverse circulation drilling (RC drilling).
- RAB rotary air blasting
- RC drilling reverse circulation drilling
- Pneumatic percussion drilling is used in mineral exploration. It is to be distinguished from hydraulic (often water or mud) powered percussion drilling used in hydrocarbon well drilling. It is also to be distinguished from mechanical percussion drilling where the drill string is lifted and dropped, usually from the surface. In hydraulic and mechanical percussion drilling a casing within which the drill string can move is usually used. However, in pneumatic percussion drilling a casing is usually not used.
- RC drilling will be understood to be where the pressurised air flow is also used to blow the rock broken by the drill bit impact into one or more holes in the drill bit and then up through the drill string.
- the drill rods have an inner tube through which the air and recovered rock return to the surface and an outertube, which between this and the innertube, the pressurised airtravels down the drill string to the hammer and the drill bit. This is distinguished from RAB, which is where the broken rock air is blown up the drill hole outside of the drill string.
- the innertube is not required in the drill rods for RAB.
- Percussion drilling can be distinguished from air core drilling where the drill bit cuts, rather than breaks from impact, but there is pressurised air that returns the cuttings through the drill string. Percussion drilling can also be distinguished from diamond core drilling where ring is cut by diamond teeth and a core sample can be retrieved.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA3209348A CA3209348A1 (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Percussion drilling apparatus and torque transfer method |
AU2022225829A AU2022225829A1 (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Percussion drilling apparatus and torque transfer method |
US18/278,420 US20240052711A1 (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Percussion drilling apparatus and torque transfer method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2021900487 | 2021-02-23 | ||
AU2021900487A AU2021900487A0 (en) | 2021-02-23 | Percussion Drilling Apparatus and Torque Transferring Method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022178585A1 true WO2022178585A1 (en) | 2022-09-01 |
Family
ID=83047571
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2022/050147 WO2022178585A1 (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Percussion drilling apparatus and torque transfer method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240052711A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2022225829A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3209348A1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2023002467A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022178585A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3065807A (en) * | 1958-06-30 | 1962-11-27 | Gas Drilling Services Co | Dual passage well drilling pipe |
SU992731A1 (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1983-01-30 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Методики И Техники Разведки | Twin drill string |
US4836305A (en) * | 1985-05-06 | 1989-06-06 | Pangaea Enterprises, Inc. | Drill pipes and casings utilizing multi-conduit tubulars |
US20150233192A1 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2015-08-20 | The Charles Machine Works, Inc. | Dual Member Pipe Joint For A Dual Member Drill String |
WO2015179906A1 (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2015-12-03 | Driconeq Australia Pty Limited | Drill pipe rod for air rotary drilling |
US20170321534A1 (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2017-11-09 | Globaltech Corporation Pty | Apparatus and Method for Measuring Drilling Parameters of a Down-the-Hole Drilling Operation for Mineral Exploration |
-
2022
- 2022-02-23 WO PCT/AU2022/050147 patent/WO2022178585A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-02-23 US US18/278,420 patent/US20240052711A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-23 AU AU2022225829A patent/AU2022225829A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-23 CA CA3209348A patent/CA3209348A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-08-21 CL CL2023002467A patent/CL2023002467A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3065807A (en) * | 1958-06-30 | 1962-11-27 | Gas Drilling Services Co | Dual passage well drilling pipe |
SU992731A1 (en) * | 1981-02-24 | 1983-01-30 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Методики И Техники Разведки | Twin drill string |
US4836305A (en) * | 1985-05-06 | 1989-06-06 | Pangaea Enterprises, Inc. | Drill pipes and casings utilizing multi-conduit tubulars |
US20150233192A1 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2015-08-20 | The Charles Machine Works, Inc. | Dual Member Pipe Joint For A Dual Member Drill String |
WO2015179906A1 (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2015-12-03 | Driconeq Australia Pty Limited | Drill pipe rod for air rotary drilling |
US20170321534A1 (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2017-11-09 | Globaltech Corporation Pty | Apparatus and Method for Measuring Drilling Parameters of a Down-the-Hole Drilling Operation for Mineral Exploration |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3209348A1 (en) | 2022-09-01 |
AU2022225829A1 (en) | 2023-08-17 |
CL2023002467A1 (en) | 2024-02-09 |
US20240052711A1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
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