WO2022176691A1

WO2022176691A1 - Water treatment device and three-way valve for liquids

Info

Publication number: WO2022176691A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/004816
Authority: WO
Inventors: 崇榊原; 美咲佐岡; テイリチュオン; 知弘足立
Original assignee: パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date: 2021-02-17
Filing date: 2022-02-08
Publication date: 2022-08-25
Also published as: JPWO2022176691A1

Abstract

The water treatment device (1) according to the present disclosure is provided with: a filtration part (2) which contains a filter material; a raw water inflow pipe (10) through which raw water flows in; a chemical supply part (3) which is located in the path of the raw water inflow pipe (10) and adds a chemical; and a bypass valve (15) which, in the path of the raw water inflow pipe (10), has a bypass pipe (14) for bypassing the chemical supply part (3) and which adjusts the amount of water flowing in the bypass pipe (14) and the amount of water flowing in the chemical supply part (3). By switching the bypass valve (15), it is possible to control the flow rate through the chemical supply part (3) and to control the supply of the chemical.

Description

Three-way valve for water treatment equipment and liquids

This disclosure relates to a water treatment device that purifies water by filtration and chemical addition.

Conventionally, a chemical supply device that brings a solid oxidant into contact with water has been used to supply the oxidant in water treatment equipment. For example, when purifying well water, it is possible to oxidize raw water to be purified by using a chemical feeder that gradually dissolves solid calcium hypochlorite.

In a system that injects drugs with a metering pump, or a drug supply device that elutes a constant amount of drug regardless of the flow rate, it is necessary to change the flow rate of the metering pump according to the flow rate of the injection pipe, which is very expensive. be.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional water treatment device. As shown in FIG. 9 , in the solid medicine supply device 101 , raw water is introduced from the water intake 102 to bring the raw water into contact with the water-soluble solid medicine 103 . When water flows into the drug contact phase 104, the amount of the water-soluble solid drug 103 in contact with the raw water increases as the flow rate increases within a certain flow rate range. With this mechanism, the drug is eluted when the flow rate is increased, and the elution of the drug can be suppressed when the flow rate is stopped (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-49836

In such water treatment equipment, it is necessary to switch the chemical concentration according to the operation mode of the equipment. For example, as an operation mode, a chemical agent is added in a mode of filtering raw water. In addition, it is necessary to switch the addition of chlorine, such as not adding chemicals in the mode for cleaning the filter medium. In particular, it is desired to switch between the presence and absence of the drug as described above with a simple configuration.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a water treatment apparatus capable of obtaining a desired concentration of chemical liquid by controlling the flow of water inside the water treatment apparatus to limit the contact between the chemical agent and water.

The water treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a filtration unit containing a filter medium, a raw water inflow pipe that allows raw water to flow into the filtration unit, a chemical supply unit that adds a chemical in the route of the raw water inflow pipe, and after filtration from the filtration unit. A purified water discharge pipe for taking out the treated water, a bypass pipe that bypasses the chemical supply unit in the path of the raw water inflow pipe, and a bypass valve that adjusts the amount of water flowing in the bypass pipe and the amount of water flowing through the chemical supply unit. .

According to the present disclosure, in the water treatment apparatus, by adjusting the amount of water flowing from the raw water inflow pipe to the bypass pipe and the amount of water flowing through the chemical supply unit, the effect that the necessary chemical solution can be supplied for each operation mode. There is

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 1-1 of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during backwashing of the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during rinsing treatment in the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a filtration unit and a switching valve of the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the chemical supply unit of the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of the water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 1-2 of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during backwashing of the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an air injection part of the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional water treatment apparatus. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 2-1 of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during backwashing of the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during rinsing treatment in the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a filtration unit and a switching valve of the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the chemical supply part of the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view of a bypass valve at low pressure in the same water treatment apparatus. FIG. 15B is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the shaft collar of the bypass valve. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a bypass valve of the same water treatment apparatus at high pressure. FIG. 17 is an overall configuration schematic diagram of a water treatment apparatus according to Embodiment 2-2 of the present disclosure. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass valve of the same water treatment apparatus at low pressure. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass valve of the same water treatment apparatus at high pressure. FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional water treatment apparatus.

(Embodiment 1)
Embodiment 1 will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the water treatment apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1, well water or water stored in a water tank is used as raw water. Backwashing is performed to discharge metal ion aggregates and turbidity components out of the system.

It should be noted that Embodiment 1 includes at least Embodiments 1-1 and 1-2 below.

(Embodiment 1-1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment and showing the flow of water during filtration.

As shown in FIG. 1, the water treatment apparatus 1 has a filtration unit 2 containing a filter medium and a chemical supply unit 3 for adding chemicals to raw water. It is configured by connecting with piping.

The filtration unit 2 removes metal ions and turbidity components from the raw water to purify the raw water. Contaminants collected in the filtering part 2 are discharged out of the device after being subjected to backwashing and rinsing treatments, so that the filtering part 2 can be kept clean and can be used repeatedly. The backwashing process is a process in which the raw water flows in the reverse direction in the filtration unit 2 to discharge dirt. In the rinsing process, after the backwashing process, the raw water is passed through the filtration unit 2 in the filtration direction to discharge the separated contaminants out of the apparatus. A raw water inflow pipe 10 is used as a pipe for sending raw water to the filtration unit 2, and a purified water discharge pipe 20 is used as a pipe for sending out the water purified in the filtration unit 2 from the filtration unit 2. Backwashing and rinsing operations A backwash drain pipe 40 is used as a pipe for discharging dirt. The purified water is stored in a purified water tank 6 or the like provided outside the water treatment apparatus 1 and used as domestic water when necessary.

Raw water is sent to the water treatment device 1 by an electric pump 4 connected to the inlet side of the raw water inflow pipe 10 (opposite side of the filtration unit 2). Alternatively, instead of using the electric pump 4, a water tank storing raw water may be provided at a high place, and the raw water may be sent to the water treatment apparatus 1 according to the height difference between the water tank and the water treatment apparatus 1. Alternatively, tap water jointly operated in the area may be directly connected. In this embodiment, in addition to wells, water tanks, taps, etc., water sources include equipment for sending out raw water.

The electric pump 4 is a pump driven by an electric motor that sucks up and discharges well water or water stored in a water tank. A flow pump, a mixed flow pump, or the like is used. Also, if the well water level is low, it is better to use a submersible pump or other submersible pump instead of a suction pump. When used in general households, the depth of the well must be about 1 to 10 meters for shallow wells, and 10 to 30 meters or more for deep wells. Considering the head loss of the downstream piping and water treatment equipment, a pump with a head of 20 meters or more is preferable, and a vortex pump or a jet pump is more preferable. The flow rate discharged by the electric pump is, for example, about 5 liters per minute to 100 liters per minute.

The raw water inflow pipe 10 and purified water discharge pipe 20 may be made of materials and structures that can withstand the water pressure of the electric pump 4 . Specifically, for example, vinyl chloride resin, steel pipes, or straight pipes and pipe joints using composite materials thereof can be used because of their durability and ease of processing. It should be noted that the larger the nominal diameter, the lower the head loss. If it is difficult to select a member that can withstand the maximum pressure of the electric pump 4 , it is recommended to install a pressure reducing valve, a pressure regulating valve, and a relief valve between the electric pump 4 and the water treatment device 1 .

The drug supply unit 3 is provided within the path of the raw water inflow pipe 10 . Although details will be described later, the chemical supply unit 3 adds an oxidizing agent to the raw water, aggregates the metal ions contained in the raw water as substances that are poorly soluble in water, and makes them easier to collect in the filtration unit 2. do.

(Filtration part related)
Next, the filter part 2 and the switching valve 5, which are parts related to the filter part, will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during the backwashing process of the water treatment apparatus 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during rinsing treatment of the water treatment apparatus 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the filtration unit 2 and the switching valve 5 of the water treatment device 1. As shown in FIG.

The filtering part 2 has a filtering material, a water collecting pipe 70, etc. inside, and purifies the raw water by passing it through. The filtering material inside the filtering part 2 is mainly composed of an upper layer 71 for filtering dirt and a lower layer 72 having a rectifying action. The filter material used for the upper layer 71 is activated carbon, manganese sand, anthracite, or the like, and about 1 to 4 types are layered and used according to the raw water quality. In the filtering section 2 of the present embodiment, the filtering action works centering on the upper layer 71 . The filter media used in the lower layer 72 is composed of gravel or coarse-pored resin for dispersing water entering and exiting the collection pipes. In the lower layer 72 , a gravel layer having a relatively large grain size is provided at the lowest layer to improve the flow of water and prevent the filtering material from flowing out from the bottom of the water collecting pipe 70 . The amount of filtering material in the lower layer 72 is preferably about 1/2 to 1 times the diameter of the filtering section 2. FIG. In addition, it is preferable that the filling amount of the filtering material including the upper layer 71 and the lower layer 72 is about 1/4 to 4/5 times the internal volume of the filtering section 2 .

The filtration unit 2 is connected to external pipes (raw water inflow pipe 10, purified water discharge pipe 20, backwash drain pipe 40) at the top. An inflow port 73 and an outflow port 74 serving as openings are provided inside the filtration unit 2 , and the outflow port 74 is connected to the water collecting pipe 70 .

A switching valve 5 is attached to the upper part of the filtration unit 2, and an external pipe (raw water inflow pipe 10, purified water discharge pipe 20, backwash drain pipe 40) and an inflow port 73 and an outflow port 74 in the filtration unit 2 are connected. Connected. By operating the switching valve 5 , communication between the external pipe and the inlet 73 and the outlet 74 is switched. A channel switching piece 75 for switching the channel is provided in the switching valve 5, and by rotating the channel switching piece 75, the direction of communication with the connected piping and the opening is changed. The channel switching piece 75 can be rotated by an external handle or moved by an external motor.

During the filtration process, by operating the channel switching piece 75, the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the inflow port 73 are communicated, and the outflow port 74 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 are communicated. On the other hand, during the backwashing process, the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the outflow port 74 are communicated with each other by operating the channel switching piece 75, and the inflow port 73 and the backwash drain pipe 40 are communicated with each other. Further, during the rinsing process, by operating the channel switching piece 75, the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the inflow port 73 are brought into communication with each other, and the outflow port 74 and the backwash drain pipe 40 are brought into communication with each other.

Various operations are possible depending on the type of piping connected to the switching valve 5. For example, raw water can be sent directly to the purified water tank 6 by connecting the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 .

Although the switching valve 5 is used in the present embodiment, the flow path can be switched by using a plurality of valves in addition to using the switching valve 5 .

In such a configuration, the flow of water during filtration and backwashing will be described. During the filtering process, water flows in the filtering section 2 as follows, and purified water is obtained from the outlet 74 .

[Flow path in filtration unit 2 during filtration]
Inflow port 73→upper layer 71→lower layer 72→collection pipe 70→outflow port 74
During the rinsing process, water flows in the filtering section 2 in the same manner as during the filtering process, but the water containing dirt after the backwashing process described later flows out from the outlet port 74 . Therefore, the outflow port 74 is communicated with the backwash drain pipe 40 and discharged to the outside.

In addition, the filtration unit 2 can discharge dirt accumulated during the filtration process by backwashing. During the backwashing process, water flows as follows and dirt is discharged from the outflow port 74 .

[Flow path in filtration unit 2 during backwashing]
Outlet 74→water collection pipe 70→lower layer 72→upper layer 71→inlet 73
(Drug supply unit)
Next, the drug supply unit 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5. FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the chemical supply unit 3 of the water treatment device 1. As shown in FIG. The chemical supply unit 3 is provided to promote aggregation of metal ions contained in the raw water by the chemical put therein and facilitate the supplementation by the filtration unit 2 . The drug supply unit 3 has an inflow channel 31 , a drug channel 32 , a bypass channel 33 and an outflow channel 34 . The inflow path 31 is connected to the raw water inflow pipe 10 and allows the raw water to flow into the drug supply section 3 . The drug channel 32 branches off from the inflow channel 31 and dissolves the drug. The bypass channel 33 is also branched from the inflow channel 31 via the narrowed portion 33a, and is provided to adjust the chemical solution to a required concentration. After branching from the inflow path 31 , the bypass path 33 is connected to the inlet side of the outflow path 34 . The outflow channel 34 merges with the drug channel 32 and the bypass channel 33 and is connected to the raw water inflow pipe 10 again, so that the raw water containing the drug is delivered to the raw water inflow pipe 10 . As shown in FIG. 5, the drug path 32 includes an ejection tube 52 that rises vertically after being branched, a drug placement portion 53 that contacts the drug at the upper portion of the ejection tube 52 and elutes the drug, and an ejection tube 52. It is composed of a recovery part 54 which is an outer periphery and inside the housing 51 .

The ejection tube 52 is a small-diameter conduit, and is erected with a drug placement portion 53 on the top. By reducing the diameter of the lower portion of the ejection pipe 52 and providing the drug placement portion 53 in the upper portion of the ejection pipe 52, the raw water can be brought into contact with the drug at a desired flow rate. The medicine placement part 53 has a size for securing the amount (number) of the medicine to be placed so as to obtain the desired concentration of the medicine with respect to the flow rate of the raw water.

The liquid medicine in which the medicine is dissolved flows out to the collection unit 54. In the collecting portion 54 , the liquid medicine in which the medicine is dissolved accumulates in the lower portion of the housing 51 and then flows out from the collecting opening 55 to the outflow path 34 . Since the diameter of the ejection pipe 52 is made small and the distance from the inner wall surface of the housing 51 is secured, the liquid level of the raw water in which the drug is dissolved that flows down into the housing 51 is raised to the height of the housing 51. , can be reduced to about 1/2 or less. By accumulating the chemical liquid in the housing 51 at a desired depth, the mixing ratio of the chemical liquid with the raw water in the outflow passage 34 is adjusted.

Also, the flow rate of raw water flowing through the drug channel 32 can be adjusted by the flow rate of raw water flowing through the bypass channel 33 . That is, by adjusting the diameter of the narrowed portion 33a of the bypass channel 33, the flow ratio of the raw water flowing through the drug channel 32 and the bypass channel 33 is adjusted. In this manner, the drug concentration in the outflow path 34 after confluence can be adjusted to a desired concentration. The flow rate of the raw water flowing through the bypass 33 may be adjusted using a flow rate adjustment valve instead of the throttle portion 33a.

By setting the amount of raw water flowing into the chemical supply unit 3 within a predetermined range and by setting the liquid level in the chemical supply unit 3 to a desired height, the chemical concentration of the raw water flowing out of the chemical supply unit 3 can be adjusted to a desired level. It can be adjusted within the range.

It should be noted that an air layer should always exist within the housing 51 of the drug supply unit 3 . Since the housing 51 is a closed space except for the connecting portion with the raw water inflow pipe 10, once the air disappears and the inside of the housing 51 is filled with water, the drug 60 is always in contact with the water and continues to be eluted. . Therefore, in order to send air to the drug supply unit 3, it is preferable to attach an air supply pipe or a valve such as a check valve to the raw water inflow pipe 10.

A water-soluble, solid medicine 60 is provided in the medicine placement section 53 . As the medicine 60, it is preferable to use tablets or granules. This is because the chemical agent 60 can have a large surface area and a stable solvent concentration can be maintained. Tablets with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 10 to 20 mm may be used, and granules with a diameter of 5 mm to 15 mm may be used. If the size of the medicine 60 is small, adjacent medicines come into contact with water at the same time and stick to each other. If it sticks, only the lower portion of the chemical will come into contact with the water, making it impossible to obtain the desired concentration of chemical. Alternatively, if the size of the chemical 60 is small, the contact area with the water supplied from the ejection pipe 52 becomes large, making it impossible to obtain the desired concentration of the chemical. Therefore, the chemical agent 60 having the size described above is used in order to supply the chemical solution with the desired concentration.

In addition, as described above, the chemical agent 60 functions to oxidize metal ions contained in the raw water to form aggregates that are sparingly soluble in water. Various oxidizing agents can be used as the chemical agent 60, but depending on the required water purification performance, an inorganic coagulant such as PAC (polyaluminum chloride) or chitosan or a polymer coagulant may be used. When a chemical agent is added to the raw water, the chemical agent 60 should be easily soluble in water, but the chemical agent 60 does not retain its solid form during the stoppage or during the backwashing process, that is, when the addition of the chemical agent is suspended. , the one that does not flow out from the medicine loading section 53 is preferable. In this embodiment, trichloroisocyanuric acid is used.

Since each member of the drug supply unit 3 may be in contact with the drug for a long time, it is better to select a material with low reactivity to the drug, such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene). . On the other hand, since the ejection tube 52 requires strength to support the drug mounting portion 53, the material of the ejection tube 52 is vinyl chloride or ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), which is stronger than PP, considering compatibility with the drug. etc. is preferably selected. The outer diameter of the ejection pipe 52 is preferably suppressed to 1/4 or less of the inner diameter of the base 51a or the upper cover 51b. As described above, a space (recovery section 54) for temporarily storing the solution discharged from the placement section outlet 58 after drug supply can be provided outside the ejection tube 52. This is because it is possible to prevent the drug from rising and reaching the drug placement section 53 . For example, when the inner diameter of the base 51a is 130 mm, it is preferable to use a PVC pipe having an outer diameter of about 25 to 40 mm.

(Piping configuration)
The most characteristic part of this embodiment will be described.

As described above, the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes the filtration unit 2, the raw water inflow pipe 10, the purified water discharge pipe 20, and the backwash drain pipe 40 (Fig. 1). The inlet side of the raw water inflow pipe 10 is connected to the discharge port of the electric pump 4 serving as the water source, and the outlet side is connected to the switching valve 5 of the filtering section 2 . A drug supply unit 3 is provided in the path of the raw water inflow pipe 10 , and a bypass pipe 14 bypassing the drug supply unit 3 is provided. This bypass pipe 14 branches at the raw water inflow pipe 10 on the upstream side of the chemical supply unit 3 (first branch portion 12), bypasses the chemical supply unit 3, and flows into the raw water inflow pipe 10 on the downstream side of the chemical supply unit 3. joins (second branch 13). A bypass valve 15 is provided in the path of the bypass pipe 14 to open/close the path of the bypass pipe 14 or adjust the flow rate of the bypass pipe 14 . That is, the bypass valve 15 can adjust the amount of water flowing through the bypass valve 15 (the water channel inside the bypass valve 15 can be opened or closed).

The filtration unit 2 has two outlets, and one of the outlets is connected to a purified water discharge pipe 20 for extracting water purified inside. The other outlet is connected to a backwash drain pipe 40 for discharging particulate matter (dirt, turbidity components, metal aggregates, etc.) collected by the filtration unit 2 during backwashing and rinsing to the outside of the system. It is

Next, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, the piping configuration inside the water treatment device 1 and the flow of water during filtration and backwashing will be described. 4A and 4B are schematic cross-sectional views of the filtration unit 2, in which FIG. 4A is an overall view during the filtration process, FIG. ) indicates the state of the switching valve 5 during the rinsing process.

During the filtration process, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4(a), the raw water inflow pipe 10 is connected from the raw water inlet 11 on the water source side to the filtration unit 2 via the chemical supply unit 3. In the filtering unit 2, the connection is switched by operating the switching valve 5 so that the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the inflow port 73 are in communication and the outflow port 74 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 are in communication.

In such a piping configuration, water flows as follows during filtration.

[Flow path during filtration]
Raw water inlet 11→(raw water inflow pipe 10)→first branch 12→chemical supply unit 3→second branch 13→switching valve 5→filtering unit 2→switching valve 5→(purified water discharge pipe 20)→purified water outlet 21
A check valve 62 is provided in the route of the purified water discharge pipe 20 . Purified water taken out from the purified water outlet 21 is often piped to a purified water tank 6 provided at a high place. The check valve 62 prevents reverse flow of purified water from the purified water tank 6 provided at a high place and prevents reverse flow of water into the filtering section 2 .

Next, the flow of water during the backwashing process will be described using FIG. 2 and FIG. 4(b). During backwashing, the bypass valve 15 is opened, and the raw water inflow pipe 10 is connected from the raw water inlet 11 on the water source side to the filtration unit 2 via the bypass pipe 14 bypassing the chemical supply unit 3 . In the filtration unit 2, the switching valve 5 is operated to switch the connection so that the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the outflow port 74 are in communication and the inflow port 73 and the backwash drain pipe 40 are in communication. At this time, the flow of water in the filtering section 2 is reversed from that during the filtering process. In the water treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, by switching the switching valve 5 and the bypass valve 15, the water source (the electric pump 4) can be used as one, and filtration and backwashing can be performed.

During the backwash process, water flows as follows.

[Flow path during backwashing]
Raw water inlet 11 → (raw water inflow pipe 10) → first branch 12 → (bypass pipe 14) → bypass valve 15 → (bypass pipe 14) → second branch 13 → switching valve 5 → filtering unit 2 → switching valve 5 → Backwash drain pipe 40
In this way, during the backwashing process, after passing through the filtration unit 2, the material is discharged out of the apparatus, so there is no need to add chemicals to agglomerate metal ions and the like. Therefore, during the backwashing process, the raw water is sent to the filtration unit 2 via the bypass pipe 14 bypassing the chemical supply unit 3 . During the backwashing process, the elution of chemicals is suppressed, and water in a state close to raw water is supplied to the filtering section 2 to wash the inside of the filtering section 2 .

In addition, a large flow rate is required when performing backwashing. Therefore, by increasing the diameter of the bypass pipe 14, a large flow rate of the raw water can be ensured during the backwashing process. On the other hand, during the filtering process, the flow rate is set according to the performance of the filtering section 2 . Therefore, a throttle portion 24 is provided in a portion of the pipe that passes during the filtration process, that is, in the route of the purified water discharge pipe 20 to suppress the flow rate during the filtration process. The combination of the throttle portion 24 and the electric pump 4 allows the flow rate during the filtration process to be a desired designed value. The diameter of the bypass pipe 14 is made larger than that of the constricted portion 24 to ensure the flow rate of water passing through the bypass pipe 14 during the backwashing process.

In addition, the diameter of the backwash drain pipe 40 is made larger than that of the throttle portion 24 in order to discharge the large flow rate during the backwash process as it is.

Also, the bypass valve 15 may detect the pressure or flow rate in the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 to open and close. Since the backwashing process and the filtration process have different routes, a difference in pressure is also generated in the raw water inflow pipe 10 . By this pressure difference, the bypass valve 15 can be opened and closed. That is, as the bypass valve 15, a pressure switch provided in the raw water inflow pipe 10 or the purified water discharge pipe 20, or a solenoid valve or an electric valve that opens and closes in response to a signal from a flow meter provided in the pipe in the water treatment apparatus 1 is used. can be

Further, when the switching valve 5 and the electric pump 4 are collectively controlled, the bypass valve 15 and the switching valve 5 can be interlocked to change the flow path. Alternatively, the bypass valve 15 may be opened and closed in conjunction with the operation of the switching valve 5 .

It should be noted that the water treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can perform a "rinse process" for discharging foreign matter remaining in the pipes during the backwash process. This rinsing process will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4(c). The rinsing process can be performed by changing the flow path of the switching valve 5 . Specifically, the bypass valve 15 is opened. The switching valve 5 is switched so that the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the inflow port 73 are communicated, and the outflow port 74 and the backwash drain pipe 40 are communicated. In such a state, the water flows in the filtering section 2 in the same direction as the filtering process, and the water that has passed through the filtering section 2 is discharged through the backwash drain pipe 40 .

Due to such valve operation, water flows as follows during rinsing.

[Flow path during rinsing]
Raw water inlet 11 → (raw water inflow pipe 10 ) → first branch 12 → (bypass pipe 14 ) → second branch 13 → switching valve 5 → filtering unit 2 → switching valve 5 → backwash drain pipe 40
Immediately after the backwashing process is finished, foreign substances washed out by the backwashing of the filtration unit 2 remain in the filtration unit 2 or in the pipes of the water treatment device 1 . Therefore, the foreign matter can be discharged by the rinsing process. In the present embodiment, the bypass valve 15 is opened so as not to add the chemical agent in the rinsing process, water is flowed to the bypass pipe 14 side, and the amount of the chemical agent 60 used is reduced. A drug 60 may be added.

In this way, the chemical supply unit 3 used in the water treatment apparatus 1, which has several types of operation modes, needs to switch between adding chemicals and not adding them as necessary. Therefore, by connecting the chemical supply unit 3, which can switch whether or not the chemical agent is added depending on the flow rate, and the bypass pipe 14 that bypasses the chemical supply unit 3, the chemical agent is added during the filtration operation, and is not added during the backwash operation. becomes possible.

(Embodiment 1-2)
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the water treatment apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1-2 and showing the flow of water during filtration. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during the backwashing process of this embodiment. Components similar to those in Embodiment 1-1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the difference from Embodiment 1-1 lies in the position of the bypass valve 15 and the air injection section 80. FIG.

The bypass valve 15 may be inside the raw water inflow pipe 10 . Specifically, the raw water inflow pipe 10 has a first branch portion 12 that branches to the bypass pipe 14 in the raw water inflow pipe 10, and a second branch portion 13 that joins the bypass pipe 14 in the raw water inflow pipe 10. ing. The bypass valve 15 is provided in the pipe between the first branch portion 12 and the drug supply portion 3 in the raw water inflow pipe 10, or in the pipe between the drug supply portion 3 and the second branch portion 13 in the raw water inflow pipe 10. . The bypass valve 15 can adjust the amount of water flowing through the bypass valve 15 (the water channel inside the bypass valve 15 can be opened or closed). Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the bypass valve 15 is provided in the pipe between the chemical supply part 3 and the second branch part 13 in the raw water inflow pipe 10 .

The air injection part 80 is installed inside the bypass pipe 14 and can inject air into the bypass pipe 14 . A venturi structure may be used for this air injection section.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the air injection part 80 of the water treatment device 1. FIG. FIG. 8 shows a configuration using a venturi structure, and the principle of functioning of the air injection section 80 will be described.

The air injection part 80 is provided in the middle of the bypass pipe 14 . The air injection section 80 has a first pipe portion 81 , a second pipe portion 82 , a third pipe portion 83 , a first inclined pipe portion 84 , a second inclined pipe portion 85 , and an air pipe 86 . is doing.

The first pipe portion 81 has a tubular shape with a central axis extending in the horizontal direction. The speed of water flowing through the first pipe portion 81 is the fastest in the air injection portion 80 .

The second pipe portion 82 is provided upstream of the first pipe portion 81 in the water flow of the first pipe portion 81, and has a tubular shape with a central axis extending in the horizontal direction. The cross-sectional area through which water flows in the second pipe portion 82 is larger than the cross-sectional area through which water flows in the first pipe portion 81 . The second pipe portion 82 and the first pipe portion 81 are connected by a first inclined pipe portion 84 .

The first inclined pipe portion 84 has a tubular shape in which the central axis extends in the horizontal direction and the cross-sectional area through which water flows decreases from the second pipe portion 82 toward the first pipe portion 81 .

The third pipe portion 83 is provided downstream of the first pipe portion 81 in the water flow of the first pipe portion 81, and has a tubular shape with a central axis extending in the horizontal direction. The cross-sectional area through which water flows in the third pipe portion 83 is larger than the cross-sectional area through which water flows in the first pipe portion 81 . The third pipe portion 83 and the first pipe portion 81 are connected by a second inclined pipe portion 85 .

The second inclined pipe portion 85 has a tubular shape in which the central axis extends in the horizontal direction and the cross-sectional area through which water flows increases from the first pipe portion 81 toward the third pipe portion 83 .

The air pipe 86 has a tubular shape extending upward from the upper surface of the first pipe portion 81 . The upper end of the air pipe 86 is open to the atmosphere and communicates with the inside of the first pipe portion 81 . The cross-sectional area of the air tube 86 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first tube portion 81 . A check valve may be provided in the air pipe 86 .

The water flowing through the air injection part 80 flows into the second pipe part 82 , passes through the first inclined pipe part 84 , the first pipe part 81 , the second inclined pipe part 85 in order, and flows out of the third pipe part 83 .

The first pipe portion 81, the second pipe portion 82, the third pipe portion 83, the first inclined pipe portion 84, the second inclined pipe portion 85, and the air pipe 86 are integrally formed. ing. The central axes of the first pipe portion 81, the second pipe portion 82, the third pipe portion 83, the first inclined pipe portion 84, and the second inclined pipe portion 85 are arranged on a straight line.

In the air injection part 80, when water flows from the second pipe part 82 to the third pipe part 83, the flow velocity of the first pipe part 81 becomes higher than the flow velocity of the second pipe part 82. On the other hand, water has three types of energy: velocity head, pressure head, and position head. When the central axis of the air injection part 80 is horizontal, the positional water heads of the second pipe part 82, the first inclined pipe part 84, and the first pipe part 81 are the same, so the flow velocity of the first pipe part 81 is As the velocity head increases, the pressure head decreases. When the drop in the pressure head is large, the pressure in the first pipe section 81 becomes negative. When the pressure in the first pipe portion 81 becomes negative and becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure, air is drawn from the air pipe, mixed in the first pipe portion 81 , mixed with water, and then passed through the second inclined pipe portion 85 . , is discharged from the third pipe portion 83 .

The pressure drop in the first pipe portion 81 increases as the flow velocity difference between the first pipe portion 81 and the second pipe portion 82 increases. Therefore, when the flow rate of the bypass pipe 14 is large, the pressure in the first pipe portion 81 tends to be negative. In addition, since the pressure of the first pipe portion 81 is determined by the pressure difference with the second pipe portion 82, the lower the pressure of the second pipe portion 82, the more easily the pressure becomes negative. In other words, the lower the pressure resistance in the rear stage of the air injection section 80, the easier it is to become negative pressure and the easier it is to suck in air. Also, in order to generate a negative pressure in the first pipe portion 81, the inner diameter ratio of the first pipe portion 81 and the second pipe portion 82 should be about 1:3 to 1:10. The central axes of the first pipe portion 81, the second pipe portion 82, the third pipe portion 83, the first inclined pipe portion 84, and the second inclined pipe portion 85 may not be horizontal. In that case, the first pipe portion 81 and the second pipe portion 81 and the second pipe portion 81 are adjusted so that the pressure in the first pipe portion 81 becomes sufficiently negative, taking into account the fact that the positional water heads of the first pipe portion 81 and the second pipe portion 82 change. It is preferable to determine the inner diameter ratio of the portion 82 .

When the bypass valve 15 is inside the raw water inflow pipe 10, the pressure loss in the bypass pipe 14 is very important. For example, when the pressure loss of the bypass pipe 14 is small, all the raw water flows into the bypass pipe 14 and the flow rate on the side of the medicine supply section 3 becomes zero. In that case, it is preferable to supply the raw water to the drug supply unit 3 by providing a throttle in the bypass pipe 14 to increase the pressure loss of the bypass pipe 14 . This is because the branched flow rate of the raw water is determined by the ratio of the pressure loss in the bypass pipe 14 and the pressure loss in the chemical supply unit 3 . Using this principle, the flow rate on the side of the drug supply unit 3 during filtration can be determined by the pressure loss of the bypass pipe 14, and by adjusting the flow rate on the side of the drug supply unit 3, the concentration of the drug to be supplied can also be adjusted. It is possible to

On the other hand, most of the pressure loss in the bypass pipe 14 is determined by the air injection section 80. Therefore, the air injection part 80 needs to be designed considering both the injection amount of air and the pressure loss.

The operation of each operation mode in Embodiment 1-2 will be described below.

During the filtration process, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 4A, the bypass valve 15 is opened, and the raw water inflow pipe 10 flows from the raw water inlet 11 on the water source side to the chemical supply unit 3 or the bypass pipe 14. It is connected to the filtering unit 2 via the In the filtering unit 2, the connection is switched by operating the switching valve 5 so that the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the inflow port 73 are in communication and the outflow port 74 and the purified water discharge pipe 20 are in communication.

In the case of filtration processing, the following flow path is taken by opening the bypass valve 15.

[Flow path during filtration]
Raw water inlet 11 → (raw water inflow pipe 10) → first branch 12 → drug supply unit 3 + bypass pipe 14 → second branch 13 → switching valve 5 → filtration unit 2 → switching valve 5 → (purified water discharge pipe 20) → Squeezed portion 24 + purified water outlet 21
In this flow path, the flow path is branched into the medicine supply part 3 and the bypass pipe 14 at the first branch part 12, so that the medicine can be supplied.

During the filtration process, water also flows through the air injection section 80, but air is not injected. This is because, as described above, in order for the air to be sucked from the air injection section 80, the flow velocity of the air injection section 80 must be high and the pressure of the second tube portion 82 of the air injection section 80 must be low ( This is because the front-rear pressure of the air injection part) is important. During the filtration process, the flow is branched into the flow on the side of the drug supply unit 3 and the flow on the side of the bypass pipe 14, so the flow through the air injection unit 80 decreases. In addition, since the water passes through the narrowed portion 24, the pressure in the bypass pipe 14 increases and the pressure in the second pipe portion 82 also increases at the same time, so that the speed of the water flowing through the bypass pipe 14 becomes smaller than the predetermined speed. From the above two points, it is possible to prevent air from being sucked.

Next, the flow of water during the backwashing process will be described using FIG. 7 and FIG. 4(b). During backwashing, the bypass valve 15 is closed, and the raw water inflow pipe 10 is connected from the raw water inlet 11 on the water source side to the filtration unit 2 via the bypass pipe 14 bypassing the bypass valve 15 . In the filtration unit 2, the switching valve 5 is operated to switch the connection so that the raw water inflow pipe 10 and the outflow port 74 are in communication and the inflow port 73 and the backwash drain pipe 40 are in communication. At this time, the flow of water in the filtering section 2 is reversed from that during the filtering process. In the water treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, by switching the switching valve 5 and the bypass valve 15, the water source (the electric pump 4) can be used as one, and filtration and backwashing can be performed.

In the case of backwashing, the following flow path is taken by closing the bypass valve 15.

[Flow path during backwashing]
Raw water inlet 11→(raw water inflow pipe 10)→first branch 12→bypass pipe 14→second branch 13→switching valve 5→filtering unit 2→switching valve 5→backwash drain pipe 40
The flow rate on the side of the drug supply unit 3 is completely shut off by the bypass valve 15, and it is possible to prevent the drug from flowing out during the backwashing process.

Also, during the backwashing process, the flow rate of the bypass pipe 14 increases and air is injected from the air injection section 80 . This is because, as described above, when the flow rate of the bypass pipe 14 is large, the flow velocity difference between the second pipe portion 82 and the first pipe portion 81 of the air injection portion 80 increases, and the pressure in the first pipe portion 81 increases. This is because the decrease becomes larger. As a result, air is sucked into the first tube portion 81 from the air tube 86 . The sucked air enters the filtering section 2 via the switching valve 5 . It is possible to improve the efficiency of the backwashing process by breaking down the dirt accumulated in the filtering part 2 by the rising force of the air that has entered the lower part of the filter medium.

(Embodiment 2)
Conventionally, a chemical supply device that brings a solid chemical into contact with water has been used to supply chemical such as an oxidizing agent in a water treatment apparatus. For example, when purifying well water, it is possible to oxidize raw water to be purified by using a chemical feeder that gradually dissolves solid calcium hypochlorite.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional water treatment device. As shown in FIG. 20 , in the solid medicine supply device 1101 , raw water is introduced from a water intake 1102 to bring the raw water into contact with a water-soluble solid medicine 1103 . When water flows into the drug contact phase 1104, the amount of the water-soluble solid drug 1103 in contact with the raw water increases as the flow rate increases within a certain flow rate range. With this mechanism, the drug is eluted when the flow rate is increased, and the elution of the drug can be suppressed when the flow rate is stopped (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In such water treatment equipment, it is necessary to switch the chemical concentration according to the operation mode of the equipment. For example, as an operation mode, a chemical agent is added in a mode of filtering raw water. In addition, it is necessary to switch the presence or absence of addition of chemicals and the amount of addition of chemicals, such as not adding chemicals in the mode for cleaning the filter medium. In particular, it is desired to switch the drug concentration as described above with a simple configuration.

The present disclosure provides a water treatment apparatus capable of obtaining a desired concentration of chemical solution for each operation mode of the apparatus by controlling the flow of water inside the water treatment apparatus to limit the contact between the chemical agent and water. It is intended to

The water treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a filtration unit containing a filter medium, a raw water inflow pipe that allows raw water to flow into the filtration unit, a chemical supply unit that adds a chemical in the route of the raw water inflow pipe, and after filtration from the filtration unit. A purified water discharge pipe for taking out the treated water, a bypass pipe that bypasses the chemical supply part in the route of the raw water inflow pipe, and a bypass valve provided in the bypass pipe route, and the bypass valve is provided in the raw water inflow pipe. By sensing the pressure and opening and closing the bypass piping route, the flow rate of the raw water flowing through the bypass piping is adjusted.

According to the present disclosure, in the water treatment apparatus, by suppressing the inflow of raw water from the raw water inflow pipe to the chemical supply unit, it is possible to supply the chemical solution required for each operation mode.

Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. The second embodiment includes at least the following embodiments 2-1 and 2-2.

(Embodiment 2-1)
The water treatment apparatus 1001 according to the present embodiment uses well water or water stored in a water tank as raw water, and the metal ions and turbidity components contained in the raw water are removed by filtration, and the impurities accumulated in the system are filtered. Backwashing is performed to discharge metal ion aggregates and turbidity components out of the system.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the water treatment apparatus 1001 of the present embodiment and showing the flow of water during filtration.

As shown in FIG. 10, the water treatment device 1001 has a filtration unit 1002 containing a filter medium and a chemical supply unit 1003 for adding chemicals to raw water. It is configured by connecting with piping. The filtration unit 1002 removes metal ions, turbidity components, and the like from raw water to purify the raw water. Contaminants accumulated in the filtering section 1002 are discharged to the outside of the apparatus after being subjected to backwashing and rinsing processes, so that the filtering section 1002 is kept clean and can be used repeatedly. The backwashing process is a process of flowing raw water in the reverse direction in the filtration unit 1002 to discharge dirt. In the rinsing process, after performing the backwashing process, the raw water is allowed to flow in the filtering section 1002 in the filtration direction, and the separated contaminants are discharged out of the apparatus. A raw water inflow pipe 1010 is used as a pipe for sending raw water to the filtration unit 1002, and a purified water discharge pipe 1020 is used as a pipe for sending out the water purified in the filtration unit 1002 from the filtration unit 1002. A backwash drain pipe 1040 is used to discharge dirt. The purified water is stored in a purified water tank 1006 or the like provided outside the water treatment apparatus 1001, and is used as domestic water when necessary.

Raw water is sent to the water treatment device 1001 by an electric pump 1004 connected to the inlet side of the raw water inflow pipe 1010 (opposite side of the filtration unit 1002). Alternatively, instead of using the electric pump 1004, a water tank storing raw water may be provided at a high place, and the raw water may be sent to the water treatment apparatus 1001 according to the height difference between the water tank and the water treatment apparatus 1001. Alternatively, tap water jointly operated in the area may be directly connected. In this embodiment, in addition to wells, water tanks, taps, etc., water sources include equipment for sending out raw water.

The electric pump 1004 is a pump driven by an electric motor that sucks up and discharges well water or water stored in a water tank. Flow pumps, mixed flow pumps, etc. are used. If the well water level is low, a submersible pump or other submersible pump should be used instead of a suction pump. When used in general households, the depth of the well must be about 1 to 10 meters for shallow wells, and 10 to 30 meters or more for deep wells. Considering the head loss of the downstream piping and water treatment equipment, a pump with a head of 20 meters or more is preferable, and a vortex pump or a jet pump is more preferable. The flow rate discharged by the electric pump is, for example, about 5 liters per minute to 100 liters per minute.

The raw water inflow pipe 1010 and purified water discharge pipe 1020 may be made of materials and structures that can withstand the water pressure of the electric pump 1004 . Specifically, for example, vinyl chloride resin, steel pipes, or straight pipes and pipe joints using composite materials thereof can be used because of their durability and ease of processing. It should be noted that the larger the nominal diameter, the lower the head loss. If it is difficult to select a member that can withstand the maximum pressure of the electric pump 1004 , it is preferable to install a pressure reducing valve, a pressure regulating valve, and a relief valve between the electric pump 1004 and the water treatment device 1001 .

The drug supply unit 1003 is provided within the path of the raw water inflow pipe 1010 . Although details will be described later, the chemical supply unit 1003 adds an oxidizing agent to the raw water, aggregates the metal ions contained in the raw water as substances that are poorly soluble in water, and facilitates the collection in the filtration unit 1002. do.

(Filtration part related)
Next, filtering section 1002 and switching valve 1005, which are filtering section related parts, will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during the backwashing process of the water treatment device 1001. As shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water during rinsing treatment of the water treatment apparatus 1001. As shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration unit 1002 and switching valve 1005 of the water treatment device 1001. As shown in FIG.

The filtering part 1002 has a filtering material and a water collecting pipe 1070 inside, and purifies raw water by passing it through. The filter medium inside the filtering section 1002 is mainly composed of an upper layer 1071 for filtering dirt and a lower layer 1072 having a rectifying action. The filter media used for the upper layer 1071 are activated carbon, manganese sand, anthracite, etc., and about 1 to 4 types are layered and used according to the raw water quality. Filtration section 1002 of the present embodiment exerts a filtering action centering on this upper layer 1071 . The filter material used for the lower layer 1072 is composed of gravel or resin with coarse pores for dispersing water entering and leaving the water collecting pipe. In the lower layer 1072 , a gravel layer having a relatively large grain size is provided at the lowest layer to improve the flow of water and prevent the filtering material from flowing out from the bottom of the water collecting pipe 1070 . The amount of filtering material in the lower layer 1072 should be about 1/2 to 1 times the diameter of the filtering section 1002 . In addition, it is preferable that the filling amount of the filtering material including the upper layer 1071 and the lower layer 1072 is about 1/4 to 4/5 times the internal volume of the filtering section 1002 .

The filtration unit 1002 is connected at its upper portion to external pipes (raw water inflow pipe 1010, purified water discharge pipe 1020, backwash drain pipe 1040). An inflow port 1073 and an outflow port 1074 that are openings are provided inside the filtration unit 1002 , and the outflow port 1074 is connected to the water collecting pipe 1070 .

A switching valve 1005 is attached to the upper part of the filtration unit 1002, and an external pipe (raw water inflow pipe 1010, purified water discharge pipe 1020, backwash drain pipe 1040) and an inflow port 1073 and an outflow port 1074 in the filtration unit 1002 are connected. Connected. By operating the switching valve 1005 , communication between the external piping and the inlet 1073 and the outlet 1074 is switched. A channel switching piece 1075 for switching the channel is provided in the switching valve 1005. By rotating the channel switching piece 1075, the direction of communication with the connected piping and the opening is changed. The channel switching piece 1075 can be rotated by an external handle or moved by an external motor.

During the filtration process, by operating the channel switching piece 1075, the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the inflow port 1073 are communicated, and the outflow port 1074 and the purified water discharge pipe 1020 are communicated. On the other hand, during the backwashing process, by operating the channel switching piece 1075, the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the outflow port 1074 are communicated, and the inflow port 1073 and the backwash drain pipe 1040 are communicated. Further, during the rinsing process, by operating the channel switching piece 1075, the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the inflow port 1073 are communicated, and the outflow port 1074 and the backwash drain pipe 1040 are communicated.

Various operations are possible depending on the type of piping connected to the switching valve 1005. For example, raw water can be sent directly to the purified water tank 1006 by connecting the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the purified water discharge pipe 1020 .

Although the switching valve 1005 is used in the present embodiment, the flow path can be switched by using a plurality of valves in addition to using the switching valve 1005 .

In such a configuration, the flow of water during filtration and backwashing will be described. During the filtering process, water flows in the filtering section 1002 as follows, and purified water is obtained from the outlet 1074 .

[Flow path in filtration unit 1002 during filtration]
Inflow port 1073→upper layer 1071→lower layer 1072→collection pipe 1070→outflow port 1074
During the rinsing process, water flows in the filtering section 1002 in the same manner as during the filtering process, but the water containing dirt after the backwashing process described later flows out from the outlet 1074 . Therefore, the outflow port 1074 is communicated with the backwash drain pipe 1040 and discharged to the outside.

In addition, the filtration unit 1002 can discharge dirt accumulated by filtration processing by backwashing processing. During the backwashing process, water flows as follows and dirt is discharged from the outflow port 1074 .

[Flow path in filtration unit 1002 during backwashing]
Outlet 1074→collection pipe 1070→lower layer 1072→upper layer 1071→inlet 1073
(Drug supply unit)
Next, the drug supply unit 1003 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 14. FIG. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the chemical supply unit 1003 of the water treatment device 1001. As shown in FIG.

The drug supply unit 1003 is provided to facilitate aggregation of metal ions contained in the raw water by the drug put therein, and facilitate the capture by the filtration unit 1002 . The drug supply section 1003 has an inflow channel 1031 , a drug channel 1032 , a bypass channel 1033 and an outflow channel 1034 . The inflow path 1031 is connected to the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and allows the raw water to flow into the drug supply section 1003 . The drug channel 1032 branches off from the inflow channel 1031 and dissolves the drug. The bypass channel 1033 is also branched from the inflow channel 1031 via a narrowed portion 1033a, and is provided to adjust the concentration of the chemical solution to a required level. After branching from the inflow path 1031 , the bypass path 1033 is connected to the inlet side of the outflow path 1034 . The outflow channel 1034 merges with the drug channel 1032 and the bypass channel 1033 and is again connected to the raw water inflow pipe 1010 to deliver the raw water containing the drug to the raw water inflow pipe 1010 . As shown in FIG. 14, the drug path 1032 includes an ejection tube 1052 that rises vertically after being branched, a drug placement portion 1053 that contacts the drug at the upper portion of the ejection tube 1052 and elutes the drug, and an ejection tube 1052. It is composed of a recovery part 1054 which is an outer periphery and inside the housing 1051 .

The ejection tube 1052 is a small-diameter conduit and is erected with a drug loading section 1053 on the top. Ejection pipe 1052 has a smaller diameter at the bottom and provides drug placement portion 1053 at the top of ejection pipe 1052, thereby allowing raw water to come into contact with the drug at a desired flow rate. The drug placement unit 1053 has a size for securing the amount (number) of the drug to be placed so as to obtain a drug solution having a desired concentration with respect to the flow rate of the raw water.

The liquid medicine in which the medicine is dissolved flows out to the collection unit 1054. In recovery portion 1054 , the drug solution in which the drug is dissolved accumulates in the lower portion of housing 1051 and then flows out from recovery opening 1055 to outflow path 1034 . Since the diameter of the ejection pipe 1052 is made small and the distance from the inner wall surface of the housing 1051 is secured, the liquid level of the raw water in which the medicine has flowed down into the housing 1051 is set to the height of the housing 1051. , can be reduced to about 1/2 or less. By accumulating the chemical liquid in the housing 1051 at a desired depth, the ratio of mixing with the raw water in the outflow path 1034 is adjusted.

In addition, the flow rate of raw water flowing through drug channel 1032 can be adjusted by the flow rate of raw water flowing through bypass channel 1033 . That is, by adjusting the diameter of the narrowed portion 1033a of the bypass channel 1033, the ratio of the flow rates of the raw water flowing through the drug channel 1032 and the bypass channel 1033 is adjusted. In this manner, the drug concentration in the outflow path 1034 after confluence can be adjusted to a desired concentration. Note that the flow rate of the raw water flowing through the bypass passage 1033 may be adjusted using a flow rate adjustment valve instead of the restrictor 1033a.

By setting the amount of raw water flowing into the chemical supply unit 1003 within a predetermined range and by setting the liquid level in the chemical supply unit 1003 to a desired level, the chemical concentration of the raw water flowing out of the chemical supply unit 1003 can be adjusted to a desired level. It can be adjusted within the range.

It should be noted that it is preferable that an air layer always exists inside the housing 1051 of the medicine supply unit 1003 . Since the housing 1051 is a closed space except for the connecting portion with the raw water inflow pipe 1010, once the air disappears and the inside of the housing 1051 is filled with water, the drug 1060 is always in contact with the water and continues to be eluted. . Therefore, in order to send air to the chemical supply unit 1003, it is preferable to attach a pipe for supplying air to the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and a valve such as a check valve.

A water-soluble, solid medicine 1060 is provided on the medicine loading section 1053 . As the medicine 1060, it is preferable to use tablets or granules. This is because the surface area of the drug 1060 can be increased and a stable solvent concentration can be maintained. Tablets with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 10 to 20 mm may be used, and granules with a diameter of 5 mm to 15 mm may be used. If the size of the drug 1060 is small, adjacent drugs will come into contact with water at the same time and stick together. If it sticks, only the lower portion of the chemical will come into contact with the water, making it impossible to obtain the desired concentration of chemical. Alternatively, if the size of the chemical 1060 is small, the contact area with the water supplied from the ejection pipe 1052 becomes large, making it impossible to obtain the desired concentration of the chemical. Therefore, the drug 1060 having the size described above is used to supply the drug solution with the desired concentration.

In addition, as described above, the chemical agent 1060 functions to oxidize metal ions contained in the raw water to form aggregates that are sparingly soluble in water. Various oxidizing agents can be used as the chemical agent 1060, but depending on the required water purification performance, an inorganic flocculant such as PAC (polyaluminum chloride) or chitosan or a polymer flocculant may be used. When a chemical is added to the raw water, the chemical 1060 should be easily soluble in water, but the chemical 1060 does not retain its solid form during the stoppage or during the backwashing process, that is, when the addition of the chemical is suspended. , the one that does not flow out from the medicine loading section 1053 is preferable. In this embodiment, trichloroisocyanuric acid is used.

Since each member of the drug supply unit 1003 may be in contact with the drug for a long time, it is preferable to select a material with low reactivity to the drug, such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), or PP (polypropylene). . On the other hand, since the ejection tube 1052 requires strength to support the drug loading portion 1053, the material of the ejection tube 1052 is vinyl chloride or ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), which is stronger than PP, considering compatibility with the drug. etc. is preferably selected. The outer diameter of the ejection pipe 1052 is preferably set to one-fourth or less of the inner diameter of the base 1051a and the upper cover 1051b. As described above, a space (recovery section 1054) for temporarily storing the solution discharged from the placement section outlet 1058 after drug supply can be provided outside the ejection tube 1052, and the water level in the housing 1051 can be rapidly increased. This is because it is possible to prevent the drug from rising and reaching the drug placement section 1053 . For example, when the inner diameter of the base 1051a is 130 mm, it is preferable to use a PVC pipe with an outer diameter of about 25 to 40 mm.

(Piping configuration)
As described above, the water treatment apparatus 1001 of the present embodiment includes a filtering section 1002, raw water inflow pipe 1010, purified water discharge pipe 1020, and backwash drain pipe 1040 (FIG. 10). The raw water inflow pipe 1010 has an inlet side connected to a discharge port of an electric pump 1004 serving as a water source, and an outlet side connected to a switching valve 1005 of the filtering section 1002 . A drug supply unit 1003 is provided in the path of the raw water inflow pipe 1010, and a bypass pipe 1014 bypassing the drug supply unit 1003 is provided. This bypass pipe 1014 branches at the raw water inflow pipe 1010 on the upstream side of the drug supply unit 1003 (branching portion 1012), bypasses the drug supply unit 1003, and merges with the raw water inflow pipe 1010 on the downstream side of the drug supply unit 1003. (branching unit 1013). A bypass valve 1015 a is provided in the path of the bypass pipe 1014 . The bypass valve 1015a is a two-way valve that senses the pressure on the upstream side of the bypass valve 1015a and opens and closes, although the details will be described later. That is, the bypass valve 1015a has a mechanism that opens the path of the bypass pipe 1014 when the upstream pressure is lower than a predetermined pressure P, and closes the path of the bypass pipe 1014 when the pressure exceeds the predetermined pressure P. .

The filtration unit 1002 has two outlets, and one of the outlets is connected to a purified water discharge pipe 1020 for extracting water purified inside. The other outlet is connected to a backwash drain pipe 1040 that discharges particulate matter (dirt, turbidity components, metal aggregates, etc.) collected by the filtration unit 1002 during backwashing and rinsing to the outside of the system. It is

Next, the piping configuration in the water treatment device 1001 and the flow of water in the filtration process and backwash process will be described with reference to FIGS. 13A and 13B are schematic cross-sectional views of the filtration unit 1002, in which FIG. 13A is an overall view during filtration, FIG. ) indicates the state of the switching valve 1005 during the rinsing process.

First, the flow of water during the filtration process will be described using FIGS. 10 and 13(a).

During the filtration process, in the filtration unit 1002, the switching valve 1005 is operated to switch the connection so that the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the inflow port 1073 are in communication and the outflow port 1074 and the purified water discharge pipe 1020 are in communication. A narrowed portion 1024 is provided in the route of the purified water discharge pipe 1020 . This is because, in order to obtain desired filtering performance, it is necessary to suppress the flow rate during the filtering process so that the flow rate is set according to the performance of the filtering section 1002 . The combination of the throttle section 1024 and the electric pump 1004 can set the flow rate during the filtration process to a desired designed value. In the path passing through the narrowed portion 1024, the pressure loss in the piping is greater than in the path during the backwashing process, which will be described later, and the pressure in the raw water inflow piping 1010 increases. In addition, it is necessary to send water to the purified water tank 1006 during the filtration process, and the higher the installation position of the purified water tank 1006, the higher the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 becomes. When the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 rises and exceeds a predetermined pressure P, the bypass pipe 1014 is blocked by the bypass valve 1015a, and the raw water inflow pipe 1010 is passed from the raw water inlet 1011 on the water source side through the chemical supply unit 1003. Connect to filtering unit 1002 .

In such a piping configuration, water flows as follows during filtration.

[Flow path during filtration]
Raw water inlet 1011→(Raw water inflow pipe 1010)→Branch portion 1012→Drug supply portion 1003→Branch portion 1013→Switching valve 1005→Filtering portion 1002→Switching valve 1005→(Purified water discharge pipe 1020)→Purified water outlet 1021
A check valve 1062 is provided in the route of the purified water discharge pipe 1020 . Purified water taken out from the purified water outlet 1021 is often piped to a purified water tank 1006 provided at a high place. The check valve 1062 prevents reverse flow of purified water from the purified water tank 1006 provided at a high place and prevents reverse flow of water into the filtering section 1002 .

Next, the flow of water during the backwashing process will be described using FIG. 11 and FIG. 13(b).

During the backwashing process, in the filtration unit 1002, the switching valve 1005 is operated so that the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the outflow port 1074 are in communication, and the inflow port 1073 and the backwash drain pipe 1040 are in communication. switch. Backwashing requires a large flow rate, so the backwash drain pipe 1040 has a larger diameter than the throttle portion 1024 . In such a route, the pressure loss in the pipe is small, and the pressure inside the raw water inflow pipe 1010 is low. When the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 is low and does not exceed a predetermined pressure P, the bypass valve 1015a is opened, and the raw water inflow pipe 1010 bypasses the chemical supply unit 1003 from the raw water inlet 1011 on the water source side, and bypasses the bypass pipe 1014. is connected to the filtering unit 1002 via the . Incidentally, the diameter of the bypass pipe 1014 is made larger than that of the pipe inside the medicine supply section 1003 . As a result, the pressure loss of the bypass pipe 1014 is smaller than that of the drug supply unit 1003, so that most of the flow rate flows to the bypass pipe 1014 side without blocking the flow path to the drug supply unit 1003, and the drug supply unit 1003 flow rate is smaller. Since the flow rate on the drug supply unit 1003 side is further divided into the drug path 1032 and the bypass path 1033, the flow rate in the drug path 1032 is very small, and the drug 1060 and water hardly come into contact with each other.

At this time, the flow of water in the filtration unit 1002 is reversed from that during the filtration process. In the water treatment apparatus 1001 according to this embodiment, by switching the switching valve 1005, the water source (the electric pump 1004) can be made into one, and the filtration process and the backwashing process can be performed.

During the backwash process, water flows as follows.

[Flow path during backwashing]
Raw water inlet 1011→(raw water inflow pipe 1010)→branch portion 1012→(bypass pipe 1014)→bypass valve 1015a→(bypass pipe 1014)→branch portion 1013→switching valve 1005→filtration portion 1002→switching valve 1005→backwash drain tube 1040
In this way, during the backwashing process, after passing through the filtration unit 1002, the particles are discharged out of the apparatus, so there is no need to aggregate metal ions or the like by adding chemicals. Therefore, during the backwashing process, the raw water is sent to the filtration unit 1002 via the bypass pipe 1014 bypassing the chemical supply unit 1003 . During the backwashing process, elution of chemicals is suppressed, and water in a state close to raw water is supplied to the filtration unit 1002 to wash the inside of the filtration unit 1002 .

As described above, due to the difference in the piping configuration, there is a difference in the pressure inside the raw water inflow pipe 1010 during the filtration process and during the backwashing process. pressure increases. By utilizing this, the bypass valve 1015a, which closes when a predetermined pressure P is exceeded, can be used to bypass the chemical supply unit 1003 during backwashing processing that does not require a chemical. The predetermined pressure P is determined under conditions such as the depth of a well where the water treatment device 1001 can be used and the installation height of the purified water tank 1006.
Pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 during filtration>predetermined pressure P
Also, the capacity of the electric pump 1004 is determined so that the predetermined pressure P>the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 during the backwashing process.

It should be noted that the water treatment apparatus 1001 of the present embodiment can perform "rinse treatment" for discharging foreign substances remaining in the pipes during the backwash treatment. This rinsing process will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13(c). Rinsing processing can be performed by changing the flow path of the switching valve 1005 . The switching valve 1005 switches so that the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the inflow port 1073 are communicated and the outflow port 1074 and the backwash drain pipe 1040 are communicated. In such a state, water flows in the same direction as the filtering process in the filtering section 1002 , and the water that has passed through the filtering section 1002 is discharged through the backwash drain pipe 1040 . In addition, since the water does not pass through the constricted portion 1024 and is discharged from the large-diameter backwash drain pipe, the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 is reduced to the same level as during the backwash process, and the bypass valve 1015a is in an open state. Become.

Due to such valve operation, water flows as follows during rinsing.

[Flow path during rinsing]
Raw water inlet 1011 → (raw water inflow pipe 1010 ) → branch 1012 → (bypass pipe 1014 ) → branch 1013 → switching valve 1005 → filtration unit 1002 → switching valve 1005 → backwash drain pipe 1040
Immediately after the backwashing process is finished, foreign matter washed out by the backwashing of the filtration unit 1002 remains in the filtration unit 1002 or in the piping of the water treatment device 1001 . Therefore, the foreign matter can be discharged by the rinsing process.

(bypass valve)
Here, the configuration of the bypass valve 1015a will be described with reference to FIGS. 15A to 16. FIG. FIG. 15A is a cross-sectional view of the bypass valve 1015a at low pressure of the water treatment device 1001. FIG. FIG. 15B is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the shaft collar of bypass valve 1015a. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass valve 1015a of the water treatment device 1001 at high pressure.

In addition, in order to adjust the flow rate in the bypass pipe 1014, as a bypass valve, a two-way valve type bypass valve 1015a (this embodiment) provided in the bypass pipe 1014 and a branch of the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the bypass pipe 1014 A three-way valve type bypass valve 1015b (Embodiment 2-2 described later) provided in the portion 1012 can be used.

15A is a cross-sectional view of the bypass valve 1015a at low pressure, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass valve 1015a at high pressure.

The bypass valve 1015a is provided in the bypass pipe 1014 as described above. The bypass pipe 1014 branches from the raw water inflow pipe 1010 at a branch portion 1012, bypasses the drug supply portion 1003, and joins the raw water inflow pipe 1010 at a branch portion 1013 located downstream of the drug supply portion 1003 (FIG. 10). , FIGS. 11 and 12). The bypass valve 1015 a has an inflow pipe 1080 for inflowing raw water from the branch 1012 , an outflow pipe 1081 for outflowing raw water to the raw water inflow pipe 1010 , and an on-off valve 1090 . The on-off valve 1090 has a base 1091 , a lid portion 1092 attached to the top thereof, a diaphragm 1093 , a shaft 1094 , a spring 1095 , a valve body 1096 and a valve seat 1097 .

The diaphragm 1093 is fixed with its peripheral edge sandwiched between the base 1091 and the lid portion 1092 . A pressure receiving space 1098 is provided between the diaphragm 1093 and the base 1091 , and the pressure receiving space 1098 and the inflow pipe 1080 communicate with each other through a pressure receiving pipe 1099 . The diaphragm 1093 is driven by the pressure of the raw water that has flowed into the pressure receiving space 1098 .

The shaft 1094 is provided so as to pass through the vicinity of the central axis of the pressure receiving pipe 1099 and the outflow pipe 1081, the diaphragm 1093 is attached to the pressure receiving pipe 1099 side, and the valve element 1096 is attached to the outflow pipe 1081 side. The valve seat 1097 is provided on the outflow pipe 1081 side of the base 1091 and has an opening facing the valve body 1096 . This opening communicates the inflow pipe 1080 and the outflow pipe 1081 and is opened and closed by the valve body 1096 . The shaft 1094 slides on the valve body 1096 in conjunction with the operation of the diaphragm 1093 to open and close the opening of the valve seat 1097 leading to the outflow pipe 1081 .

15A and 16, the valve body 1096 and the shaft 1094 slide vertically inside the bypass valve 1015a. A spring 1095 is provided above the diaphragm 1093 so as to press the diaphragm 1093 downward. In this embodiment, the diameter of the pressure receiving pipe 1099 is made smaller than the diameter of the surface of the spring 1095 that presses the diaphragm 1093 , and the force of the spring 1095 is received by the base 1091 . If the diameter of the pressure receiving tube 1099 is larger than the diameter of the surface of the spring 1095 that presses the diaphragm 1093, the diaphragm 1093 is constantly deformed by the force of the spring 1095, resulting in a large load in terms of material strength. Therefore, by reducing the diameter of the pressure receiving pipe 1099 and receiving the force of the spring at the base 1091, deformation of the diaphragm 1093 during low pressure (including when operation is stopped) is suppressed and durability is ensured.

In addition, the diaphragm 1093 and the base 1091 are in close contact with each other so that the flow path of the pressure receiving pipe 1099 is not blocked, and the inflow pipe 1080 and the pressure receiving space 1098 communicate with each other. That is, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, shaft 1094 has collar portion 1100 at a position between diaphragm 1093 and base 1091, and collar portion 1100 is sandwiched between diaphragm 1093 and base 1091. ing. The collar portion 1100 is composed of a number of projections projecting radially from the axis of the shaft 1094 such that the projections are caught in the opening of the pressure receiving tube 1099 . Also, the convex portion is sized and arranged so as not to block the flow path of the pressure receiving pipe 1099 . Such a structure can prevent the diaphragm 1093 and the base 1091 from sticking to each other, secure the flow path of the pressure receiving pipe 1099 , and allow the inflow pipe 1080 and the pressure receiving space 1098 to communicate with each other.

As will be described later, when a large pressure is applied to the diaphragm 1093 and pushed up, the shaft 1094 and the valve body 1096 are also pushed up together, and the valve body 1096 is pressed against the valve seat 1097 to block the outflow pipe 1081. Thus, the on-off valve 1090 is a two-way valve that opens and closes the outflow pipe 1081 .

For such movement, the area of the diaphragm 1093 in contact with the pressure receiving space 1098 must be larger than the area of the valve body 1096 . The two surfaces receive the same pressure, and the larger the area, the greater the resultant force of the pressure. In other words, force acts in the direction in which the diaphragm 1093 and the valve body 1096 pull the shaft 1094 together, and the shaft 1094 slides in the direction where the force is greater. In order to push up the diaphragm 1093 pressed by the spring 1095 to close the outflow pipe 1081 in this manner, the area where the diaphragm 1093 receives pressure must be larger than the valve element 1096 .

In addition, since the diaphragm 1093 is located on the flow path of the water treatment device 1001, it is recommended to select a rubber material having chemical resistance, such as fluororubber or silicon rubber. The reaction force of the spring 1095 is adjusted so that the bypass valve 1015a is closed when the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 reaches a predetermined pressure P or higher.

With such a configuration, in operation modes (during backwashing and rinsing) in which the pressure loss is small and the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 does not exceed the predetermined pressure P, the diaphragm 1093 is pressed against the base 1091 by the reaction force of the spring 1095, and the flow path of the outflow pipe 1081 is opened. That is, the bypass valve 1015a is opened. As a result, water flows through the bypass pipe 1014 and bypasses the drug supply unit 1003 . On the other hand, in the operation mode (at the time of filtration processing) where the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 increases and exceeds the predetermined pressure P, as shown in FIG. , and the outflow pipe 1081 is blocked. That is, the bypass pipe 1014 is closed, and water flows into the medicine supply section 1003 .

Thus, in the water treatment apparatus 1001 of the present embodiment, in the operation mode, that is, when the chemical solution is supplied through the raw water to the chemical supply unit 1003 (filtration processing), and when the chemical solution is not required and the chemical solution is bypassed by the chemical supply unit 1003 If you do (backwashing), switch the operation. Therefore, by using the pressure loss difference in the piping path of each operation mode, the bypass valve 1015a for sensing the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 is switched between opening and closing depending on the operation mode. With such a configuration, the flow path passing through the chemical supply unit 1003 and the flow path passing through the bypass pipe 1014 bypassing the chemical supply unit 1003 are switched, and the chemical is added during the filtration process operation and is not added during the backwash operation. becomes possible.

(Embodiment 2-2)
Next, a water treatment device 1001 according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described using FIGS. 17 to 19. FIG. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of the water treatment device 1001 of Embodiment 2-2. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass valve 1015b of the water treatment device 1001 when the pressure is low. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the bypass valve 1015b of the water treatment device 1001 at high pressure.

In this embodiment, differences from Embodiment 1 will be mainly described. In this embodiment, a three-way valve type bypass valve 1015b is used at the branch portion 1012 of the bypass pipe 1014 in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 in order to adjust the flow rate of the bypass pipe 1014 .

The bypass valve 1015b is a three-way valve as described above, and has one inlet (inflow pipe 1080) and two outlets (

outflow pipes

1081a and 1081b). The inflow pipe 1080 allows raw water to flow in from the raw water inflow pipe 1010 as in the first embodiment. The outflow pipe 1081 a causes the raw water to flow out to the drug supply section 1003 . Outflow pipe 1081 b causes the raw water to flow out to bypass pipe 1014 . The bypass valve 1015b switches the outlet (outflow tube 1081a, outflow tube 1081b) according to the pressure applied to the inflow tube 1080. FIG.

The bypass valve 1015b has an on-off valve 1090, like the bypass valve 1015a. A feature of the three-way valve type bypass valve 1015b is that the pressure receiving space 1098 communicates with the outflow pipe 1081a. Further, communication between the pressure receiving space 1098 and the outflow pipe 1081a is opened and closed by the operation of the diaphragm 1093. As shown in FIG. In addition, regarding other configurations of the on-off valve 1090, the same parts as those of the bypass valve 1015a are denoted by the same numbers, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The operation of the bypass valve 1015b with such a configuration will be described. When the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 is lower than the predetermined pressure P, the diaphragm 1093 is pressed against the base 1091 and the outflow pipe 1081a is blocked by the diaphragm 1093 . At this time, the outflow pipe 1081b is open, and the raw water flowing through the bypass valve 1015b flows to the outflow pipe 1081b, that is, the bypass pipe 1014 side.

On the other hand, when the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 becomes higher than the predetermined pressure P, the diaphragm 1093 is pushed up and the outflow pipe 1081a is opened. At the same time, the shaft 1094 and the valve body 1096 are also pushed up in conjunction with the diaphragm 1093, and the valve body 1096 is pressed against the valve seat 1097 to block the outflow pipe 1081b. That is, the raw water flowing through the bypass valve 1015b flows toward the medicine supply section 1003 side of the outflow pipe 1081a. Thus, the on-off valve 1090 is a three-way valve that opens the outflow pipe 1081b when the pressure is low and opens the outflow pipe 1081a when the pressure is high.

By using the bypass valve 1015b having such a configuration, the flow path passing through the chemical supply unit 1003 is Since only the channel passing through the bypass pipe 1014 is closed and opened, water can flow through the bypass pipe 1014 and bypass the drug supply unit 1003 . On the other hand, in the operation mode (at the time of filtration processing) in which the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe 1010 becomes higher than the predetermined pressure P, the flow path passing through the bypass pipe 1014 is closed, and only the flow path passing through the drug supply section 1003 is opened. Therefore, water flows into the drug supply unit 1003 .

Since the three-way valve type bypass valve 1015b closes the flow path passing through the drug supply unit 1003 during the backwashing process, the difference in pressure loss between the filtration process and the backwashing process is small, and the flow path on the side of the drug supply part 1003 is closed. This is useful in a case where water would also flow into the medicine supply section 1003 if left open.

The bypass valve 1015b can also be used as a two-way valve that detects pressure and opens and closes by closing the downstream side of the outflow pipe 1081a or the outflow pipe 1081b. When the downstream side of the outflow pipe 1081a is blocked, it functions as a valve that opens the outflow pipe 1081b at low pressure and closes the outflow pipe 1081b at high pressure. In this manner, the three-way valve type bypass valve 1015b can be used as a two-way valve. Conversely, when the opposite side of the outflow tube 1081b is closed, the valve functions as a valve that closes the outflow tube 1081a at low pressure and opens the outflow tube 1081a at high pressure. In this case, for example, a bypass path that directly connects the raw water inflow pipe 1010 and the backwash drain pipe 1040 can be provided, and a relief valve can be installed in the bypass path. According to such a configuration, when the raw water inflow pipe 1010 becomes high pressure, such as when the performance of the electric pump 1004 is too large, the bypass route is opened to discharge excess pressure and flow rate, and the water treatment device 1001 The desired pressure and flow rate can be set inside.

In this way, the same configuration can be used for multiple valves with different functions, so the number of types of parts can be reduced, and mold costs can be reduced.

The first outflow port described in the claims corresponds to the outflow pipe 1081a of the bypass valve 1015b, and the second outflow port corresponds to the outflow pipe 1081b of the bypass valve 1015b. A first valve body described in claims corresponds to the diaphragm 1093 , and a second valve body corresponds to the valve body 1096 .

The water treatment device according to the present disclosure can supply a sufficient amount of clean backwash water for backwashing, and is a water treatment device that can be installed in a smaller space than conventional products, so it can be used for purifying well water and stored water. It is useful as a small household water treatment device, etc.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 water treatment device 2 filtration unit 3 drug supply unit 4 electric pump 5 switching valve 6 purified water tank 10 raw water inflow pipe 11 raw water inlet 12 first branch 13 second branch 14 bypass pipe 15 bypass valve 20 purified water discharge pipe 21 purified water outlet 24 throttling part 31 inflow path 32 drug path 33 bypass path 33a throttling part 34 outflow path 40 backwash drain pipe 51 housing 51a base 51b upper cover 52 ejection pipe 53 drug placement part 54 recovery part 55 recovery opening 58 placement part Outlet 60 Drug 62 Check valve 70 Water collection pipe 71 Upper layer 72 Lower layer 73 Inlet 74 Outlet 75 Flow path switching piece 80 Air injection part 81 First pipe part 82 Second pipe part 83 Third pipe part 84 First inclined pipe part 85 Second inclined pipe portion 86 Air pipe 101 Solid chemical supply device 102 Water intake 103 Water-soluble solid chemical 104 Chemical contact phase 1001 Water treatment device 1002 Filtration unit 1003 Chemical supply unit 1004 Electric pump 1005 Switching valve 1006 Purified water tank 1010 Raw water inflow pipe 1011 raw water inlet 1012 branching portion 1013 branching portion 1014 bypass piping 1015a, 1015b bypass valve 1020 purified water discharge piping 1021 purified water outlet 1024 throttle section 1031 inflow path 1032 drug path 1033 bypass path 1033a throttle section 1034 outflow path 1040 backwash drain pipe 1 housing 1051a Base 1051b Upper cover 1052 Ejection pipe 1053 Drug placement part 1054 Recovery part 1055 Recovery opening 1058 Placement part outlet 1060 Drug 1062 Check valve 1070 Water collecting pipe 1071 Upper layer 1072 Lower layer 1073 Inlet 1074 Outlet 1075 Channel switching piece 1080 Inflow pipe 1081, 1081a, 1081b Outflow pipe 1090 On-off valve 1091 Base 1092 Lid portion 1093 Diaphragm 1094 Shaft 1095 Spring 1096 Valve body 1097 Valve seat 1098 Pressure receiving space 1099 Pressure receiving pipe 1100 Collar portion 1 101 solid drug feeder 1102 water intake 1103 water-soluble solid drug 1104 drug contact phase

Claims

a filtration unit containing a filter medium;
a raw water inflow pipe that allows raw water to flow into the filtering unit;
a chemical supply unit that adds a chemical within the route of the raw water inflow pipe;
A purified water discharge pipe for taking out filtered treated water from the filtering unit;
a bypass pipe that bypasses the chemical supply unit in the route of the raw water inflow pipe;
a bypass valve that adjusts the amount of the raw water flowing through the bypass pipe and the amount of the raw water flowing through the chemical supply unit;
Water treatment equipment.
The bypass valve is provided in the bypass pipe, and is capable of adjusting the amount of the raw water flowing through the bypass valve.
The water treatment device according to claim 1.
a first branching portion that branches to the bypass pipe in the raw water inflow pipe;
a second branching portion that merges with the bypass pipe in the raw water inflow pipe,
The bypass valve is provided in the pipe between the first branch portion and the drug supply portion in the raw water inflow pipe, or in the pipe between the drug supply portion and the second branch portion in the raw water inflow pipe. and is capable of adjusting the amount of the raw water flowing through the bypass valve,
The water treatment device according to claim 1.
The bypass valve adjusts the amount of the raw water flowing through the bypass valve according to the pressure on the upstream side of the bypass valve.
The water treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
a backwash drain pipe for flowing drainage from the filtration unit;
At least one of the raw water inflow pipe, the purified water discharge pipe, and the backwash drain pipe connected to the filtration unit and a switching valve for switching communication with an opening in the filtration unit,
The bypass valve opens and closes in conjunction with the operation of the switching valve.
The water treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
A narrowed portion is provided in the purified water discharge pipe,
A sensor is provided to detect the pressure or flow rate in the raw water inflow pipe or the purified water discharge pipe,
The water treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bypass valve opens and closes according to the output of the sensor.
During the filtration process, the raw water flows sequentially through the chemical supply unit, the filtration unit, and the purified water discharge pipe,
During the backwashing process, the raw water flows sequentially through the bypass pipe, the filtration unit, and the backwash drain pipe,
An air injection part for injecting air is provided in the bypass pipe,
The air injection unit injects air into the bypass pipe during the backwashing process.
The water treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
The purified water discharge pipe is provided with a throttle portion that reduces the speed of the water flow below a predetermined speed,
The air injection unit injects air into the bypass pipe when the speed of the raw water flowing through the bypass pipe exceeds a predetermined speed.
The water treatment device according to claim 7.
In the path of the raw water inflow pipe, branching at a first branching portion between the water source in which the raw water is stored and the drug supply unit, bypasses the drug supply unit, and connects the drug supply unit and the drug supply unit. the bypass pipe connected to the second branch portion between the filtration unit;
The raw water inflow pipe, the purified water discharge pipe, or the backwash drain pipe is provided in the upper part of the filtration unit, and the inflow port or the outflow port in the filtration unit is connected, and the inflow port and the flow in the filtration unit are connected. a switching valve for switching communication with the outlet,
During the filtration process,
The first branch part communicates the water source and the drug supply part,
the second branch portion communicates the drug supply portion and the switching valve;
The switching valve communicates the inflow ports of the drug supply unit and the filtration unit, and the outflow port of the filtration unit and the purified water discharge pipe,
During the backwashing process,
The first branch part communicates the water source and the bypass pipe,
the second branch portion communicates the bypass pipe and the switching valve;
The switching valve communicates the drug supply unit and the outflow port of the filtration unit, and the inflow port of the filtration unit and the backwash drain pipe,
The water treatment device according to claim 7 or 8.
The air injection part is
a tubular first tubular portion;
a second tubular portion provided upstream of the first tubular portion in the flow of water in the first tubular portion and having a tubular shape with a cross-sectional area larger than the first tubular portion;
a tubular-shaped first inclined tubular portion provided between the second tubular portion and the first tubular portion, the cross-sectional area of which decreases from the second tubular portion toward the first tubular portion;
a tubular-shaped third tubular portion provided downstream of the first tubular portion in the flow of water of the first tubular portion;
a tubular second inclined tubular portion provided between the first tubular portion and the third tubular portion, the cross-sectional area of which increases from the first tubular portion toward the third tubular portion;
a tubular air tube extending from the first tube portion,
the inside of the first pipe portion and the inside of the air pipe communicate with each other;
the cross-sectional area of the air tube is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first tube portion;
The water treatment device according to any one of claims 7 to 9.
a filtration unit containing a filter medium;
a raw water inflow pipe that allows raw water to flow into the filtering unit;
a chemical supply unit that adds a chemical within the route of the raw water inflow pipe;
A purified water discharge pipe for taking out filtered treated water from the filtering unit;
a bypass pipe that bypasses the chemical supply unit in the route of the raw water inflow pipe;
a bypass valve provided in the bypass piping route,
The bypass valve adjusts the flow rate of the raw water flowing through the bypass pipe by sensing the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe and opening and closing the bypass pipe route.
Water treatment equipment.
The bypass valve is
A two-way valve that opens the bypass pipe when the pressure upstream of the bypass valve does not exceed a predetermined pressure, and closes the bypass pipe when the pressure upstream of the bypass valve exceeds the predetermined pressure,
The water treatment device according to claim 11.
The bypass valve is
provided at a branching portion between the bypass pipe and the raw water inflow pipe located upstream of the chemical supply portion,
When the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe does not exceed a predetermined pressure, the raw water inflow pipe and the bypass pipe are communicated,
A three-way valve that communicates the raw water inflow pipe and the drug supply unit side when the pressure in the raw water inflow pipe exceeds the predetermined pressure,
The water treatment device according to claim 11 or 12.
having an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet;
closing the first outlet and opening the second outlet when the pressure on the inflow side is lower than a predetermined value;
opening the first outlet and closing the second outlet when the pressure on the inflow side is higher than a predetermined value;
Three-way valve for liquids.
further comprising a first valve body that opens and closes the first outlet, and a second valve body that opens and closes the second outlet;
The first valve body has a larger area that receives pressure from the upstream side than the second valve body,
The three-way valve for liquid according to claim 14.
The first valve body is a diaphragm biased in a closing direction by an elastic body,
The three-way valve for liquid according to claim 14 or 15.
The downstream side of the first outlet is closed and used as a two-way valve,
The liquid three-way valve according to any one of claims 14 to 16.