WO2022176253A1 - 電子制御システム - Google Patents
電子制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022176253A1 WO2022176253A1 PCT/JP2021/034901 JP2021034901W WO2022176253A1 WO 2022176253 A1 WO2022176253 A1 WO 2022176253A1 JP 2021034901 W JP2021034901 W JP 2021034901W WO 2022176253 A1 WO2022176253 A1 WO 2022176253A1
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- Prior art keywords
- safety
- security
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- function
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/50—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems
- G06F21/55—Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures
- G06F21/56—Computer malware detection or handling, e.g. anti-virus arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Program-control systems
- G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/048—Monitoring; Safety
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B9/00—Safety arrangements
- G05B9/02—Safety arrangements electric
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/50—Monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms, e.g. of processors, firmware or operating systems
- G06F21/55—Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F2221/03—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/50, monitoring users, programs or devices to maintain the integrity of platforms
- G06F2221/034—Test or assess a computer or a system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to electronic control systems.
- the vehicle is equipped with a large number of electronic control units, which communicate with each other to achieve advanced processing.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a communication interface unit that performs communication processing with an external device, determines whether or not there is a denial of service attack, and if a denial of service attack is detected, causes the communication interface unit to restrict reception, and a security treatment unit a determination unit that instructs attachment of cutoff information data indicating that reception is restricted to the transmission data to the transmission data; a security processing unit that replaces return data contained in the received data and sent back to the external device with the cutoff information data; a black channel diagnostic unit for performing black channel diagnostics for checking integrity; attaching predetermined data for black channel diagnostics, including the return data, to transmission data to the external device;
- a control device is disclosed that includes a black channel delivery unit that passes to a treatment unit, and a safety processing unit that includes a safety processing unit.
- the electronic control system includes a security event analysis unit that reads a log recording the operation of the device, detects a security event that is an event related to information security, and a response to the safety event that is an event related to functional safety.
- a security function execution unit that can execute a security function that is a response to the security event; and the safety function and the security function that correspond to the security event.
- a storage unit that stores correspondence information indicating at least one of; a function corresponding to the security event detected by the security event analysis unit is specified based on the correspondence information; a determination unit that causes at least one of the security function execution units to execute the event, and in the correspondence information, the event classified as at least one security event is recorded so as to correspond to the safety function.
- the safety event handling function to handle security events, it is possible to reduce the development of functions for handling security events.
- Configuration diagram of an electronic control system according to an embodiment Diagram showing an example of a functional safety countermeasure table Diagram showing an example of an information security countermeasure table Flowchart showing gateway processing Flowchart showing gateway processing in modified example 1 Configuration diagram of gateway in modification 7
- safety means functional safety, for example "absence of unreasonable risk due to hazards caused by malfunctioning behavior of electrical and electronic systems” as defined in ISO26262.
- Security means information security, such as maintaining the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information. In the following, “security” is also referred to as "information security”.
- a state in which safety is threatened or a state in which safety is not maintained is referred to as a "safety event” or a “safety event”, and an action or process for resolving or mitigating a safety event is referred to as a "safety event”. called function.
- a state in which security is threatened or in which security is not maintained is called a “security event” or “security event”
- an action or process to resolve or mitigate a security case is called a "security function”. call.
- Safety cases include, for example, equipment failures and communication interruptions.
- Security cases include, for example, parameter rewriting, intrusion detection, and degradation of communication quality.
- Safety features include enabling degraded behavior to maintain operation with reduced functionality.
- Security functions include parameter initialization and the like.
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of an electronic control system 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of an electronic control system 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an electronic control system 1 according to the embodiment.
- the electronic control system 1 includes a gateway 20 mounted on the vehicle, an ECU 30 and a TCU 40 . Any communication standard may be used for communication between gateway 20 and TCU 40 and communication between gateway 20 and ECU 30, and IEEE 802.3 is used, for example.
- the gateway 20 is a device that controls communications inside the vehicle.
- the ECU 30 is an electronic control unit, collects logs from various devices mounted on the vehicle, and provides the gateway 20 with the logs. Further, the ECU 30 performs safety measures and security measures based on the operation command of the gateway 20 .
- the TCU 40 is a telematics control unit and performs wireless communication with the outside of the vehicle. Data received by the TCU 40 from the outside is transmitted to the ECU 30 via the gateway 20 .
- the gateway 20 and the ECU 30 are provided with a CPU as a central processing unit, a ROM as a read-only storage device, and a RAM as a readable/writable storage device, and the CPU develops a program stored in the ROM into the RAM and executes it. By doing so, the function described later is realized.
- the gateway 20 and the ECU 30 are realized by FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), which is a rewritable logic circuit, and ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), which is an application-specific integrated circuit, instead of a combination of CPU, ROM, and RAM. good too.
- gateway 20 and ECU 30 may be realized by a combination of different configurations, for example, a combination of CPU, ROM, RAM and FPGA, instead of a combination of CPU, ROM, and RAM.
- the gateway 20 includes a log collection unit 21, a functional safety analysis unit 221, an information safety analysis unit 222, a GW storage unit 23, a determination unit 24, and a communication unit 29 as its functions.
- the log collection unit 21, the functional safety analysis unit 221, the information safety analysis unit 222, the determination unit 24, and the communication unit 29 are realized by the aforementioned CPU or the like.
- the GW storage unit 23 is realized by a non-volatile storage device such as flash memory.
- the functional safety analysis unit 221 is also called a "safety event analysis unit”
- the information safety analysis unit 222 is also called a "security event analysis unit”.
- the log collection unit 21 collects safety logs 331 and security logs 332 from the ECU storage unit 33 of the ECU 30 and stores them in the GW storage unit 23 .
- the functional safety analysis unit 221 analyzes the safety log 331 stored in the GW storage unit 23 to identify a safety case and assigns an event ID.
- the event ID of a safety case is represented by a combination of "P" and a number.
- the functional safety analysis unit 221 identifies a safety case based on a match between a character string included in the log and a predetermined character string, or a magnitude relationship between a numerical value included in the log and a predetermined threshold value.
- the information security analysis unit 222 analyzes the security log 332 stored in the GW storage unit 23 to identify security cases and assign event IDs.
- the event ID of a security case is represented by a combination of "Q" and a number.
- Information safety analysis unit 222 identifies a security case, for example, by matching a character string included in the log with a predetermined character string, or by comparing a numeric value included in the log with a predetermined threshold value.
- the GW storage unit 23 stores a functional safety countermeasure table 231 and an information safety countermeasure table 232 that have been created in advance.
- the functional safety countermeasure table 231 describes how to deal with security cases.
- the information security countermeasure table 232 describes how to deal with safety cases. Details of the functional safety countermeasure table 231 and the information safety countermeasure table 232 will be described later.
- the decision unit 24 decides how to deal with the security cases and safety cases detected by the functional safety analysis unit 221 and the information safety analysis unit 222 , and transmits the content of the decision to the ECU 30 .
- the decision unit 24 refers to the functional safety action table 231 and the information safety action table 232 in order to decide the action for each case.
- the functional safety countermeasure table 231 and the information safety countermeasure table 232 are collectively referred to as a countermeasure table 233 .
- the communication unit 29 implements the essential functions of the gateway 20, such as determining the destination of data received from the TCU 40 and filtering. However, the details of the processing performed by the communication unit 29 will not be described in this embodiment.
- the ECU 30 includes a functional safety function execution unit 31, an information safety function execution unit 32, an ECU storage unit 33, and an in-vehicle log collection unit 34 as its functions.
- the functional safety function execution unit 31 and the information safety function execution unit 32 are realized by the aforementioned CPU or the like.
- the functional safety function execution unit 31 and the information safety function execution unit 32 operate based on the operation command transmitted by the determination unit 24 of the GW 20 .
- the operation command transmitted by the determination unit 24 is one of the predetermined operation commands, and in the present embodiment, these commands are represented by identifiers that are a combination of alphabets and numbers. Further, as for the alphabet of this identifier, "E" is used for the identifier that operates the functional safety function execution unit 31, and "F” is used for the identifier that operates the information safety function execution unit 32.
- the functional safety function execution unit 31 handles the safety case based on the operation command sent from the gateway 20.
- Functional safety function execution unit 31 outputs a stop command to a power source of the vehicle, such as a motor, based on an operation command from gateway 20, for example.
- the operation of the functional safety function execution unit 31 conforms to the international standard "ISO26262 Part 3 section 7.4.2.3".
- the information security function execution unit 32 handles security cases based on operation commands sent from the gateway 20 .
- the information safety function execution unit 32 outputs, for example, a parameter initial value command to the controller of the headlamp based on the operation command from the gateway 20 .
- the functional safety function executing section 31 is also referred to as the "safety function executing section”
- the information safety function executing section 32 is also referred to as the "security function executing section”.
- the in-vehicle log collection unit 34 collects operation logs from various devices installed in the vehicle and stores them in the ECU storage unit 33 as safety logs 331 and security logs 332 .
- the safety log 331 and the security log 332 may be classified according to the device from which the logs are collected, or may be classified based on the contents of the logs. Specifically, it is as follows. For example, the logs of motors and brakes that control the movement of the vehicle may be stored as the safety log 331 , and the logs of the other headlight control devices may be stored as the security log 332 .
- logs tagged with “debug” and “notice” are stored as security logs 332
- logs tagged with “warn” and “error” are stored as safety logs 331 .
- the ECU storage unit 33 is realized by a nonvolatile storage device such as a flash memory.
- a safety log 331 and a security log 332 are stored in the ECU storage unit 33 .
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the functional safety countermeasure table 231.
- the functional safety countermeasure table 231 includes multiple records. Each record of the functional safety countermeasure table 231 has fields of event ID 2311 , target 2312 , type 2313 and countermeasure 2314 .
- the event ID 2311 field stores an event identifier.
- the target 2312 field stores the identification information of the device to be dealt with. Information indicating the type of countermeasure is stored in the type 2313 field, but only "safety" is stored in the functional safety countermeasure table 231 .
- the countermeasure 2314 field stores the content of the process to be executed as the countermeasure or the identifier of the process to be executed as the countermeasure.
- the first record shown in FIG. 2 describes that the ECU 30 executes "E1" processing classified as safety when event P1 occurs.
- the third record shown in FIG. 2 describes that when event P3 occurs, the gateway 20 executes the processing of "E3" classified as safety.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the information security countermeasure table 232.
- Information security countermeasure table 232 includes a plurality of records. Each record of the information security countermeasure table 232 has fields of event ID 2321 , target 2322 , type 2323 and countermeasure 2324 . The information stored in each field is the same as the information stored in the field of the same name in the functional safety countermeasure table 231, so the details are omitted. However, the type 2323 field can store not only “safety” but also “security”.
- the first record shown in FIG. 3 describes that the ECU 30 executes "F1" processing classified as "security” when event Q1 occurs.
- the second record shown in FIG. 3 describes that when the event Q2 occurs, the ECU 30 executes the process "E5" classified as "safety”.
- the third record shown in FIG. 3 indicates that when event Q3 occurs, the ECU 30 executes processing "E2" classified as "safety” and processing "F2" classified as "security”. is described.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing processing of the gateway 20.
- the log collection unit 21, the functional safety analysis unit 221, the information safety analysis unit 222, and the determination unit 24 of the gateway 20 repeatedly execute the processing shown in FIG. 4 while the gateway 20 is powered on.
- the log collection unit 21 collects logs, that is, the security log 121 and the safety log 122 from the ECU 30 .
- the gateway 20 executes the processing of step S302 and the processing of step S305 in parallel.
- step S302 the functional safety analysis unit 221 analyzes the safety log 331 collected in step S301 to identify safety cases and assign event IDs.
- the determination unit 24 refers to the functional safety countermeasure table 231 and determines whether or not the safety state is such that the safety function should be activated. When determining that the safety function should be activated, the determination unit 24 proceeds to step S304, and when determining that the safety function should not be activated, returns to step S301.
- the specific processing of this step is as follows.
- the determining unit 24 searches for a record in which the event ID specified in step S302 is included in the event ID 2311 column of the functional safety countermeasure table 231 .
- the determining unit 24 makes an affirmative determination in step S303 if a record containing the event ID in the field of event ID 2311 is found, and makes a negative determination in step S303 if no corresponding record is found.
- the determination unit 24 also makes a negative determination in step S303 when the event ID is not specified in step S302.
- step S304 the determination unit 24 refers to the functional safety countermeasure table 231 or the information safety countermeasure table 232 to identify the countermeasure corresponding to the event ID, and causes the identified countermeasure to be executed.
- the object to be dealt with is the ECU 30 or the communication unit 29 of the gateway 20 .
- step S305 the information security analysis unit 222 analyzes the security log 332 collected in step S301 to identify security cases and assign event IDs.
- the determination unit 24 refers to the information security countermeasure table 232 and determines whether the security state should enable the safety function. If the determination unit 24 determines that the security state should enable the safety function, the process proceeds to step S304, and if it determines that the security function should not be enabled, the determination unit 24 returns to step S307.
- the specific processing of this step is as follows.
- the determination unit 24 searches for a record in which the event ID specified in step S305 is included in the event ID 2321 column of the information security countermeasure table 232 .
- the determining unit 24 identifies a record that includes the event ID in the field of the event ID 2321, and makes an affirmative determination when the type 2323 of the record is "safety".
- the determination unit 24 makes a negative determination when the record including the event ID in the column of the event ID 2321 cannot be found or when the type 2323 of the record is "safety”.
- step S307 the determining unit 24 refers to the information security handling table 232 and determines whether or not the security function should be enabled. If the determination unit 24 determines that the security state should enable the security function, the process proceeds to step S308, and if it determines that the security function should not be enabled, the determination unit 24 returns to step S301.
- the specific processing of this step is as follows.
- the determination unit 24 searches for a record in which the event ID specified in step S305 is included in the event ID 2321 column of the information security countermeasure table 232 .
- the determining unit 24 identifies a record that includes the event ID in the column of the event ID 2321, and makes an affirmative determination when the type 2323 of the record is "security”.
- the determination unit 24 makes a negative determination when no record including the event ID in the column of the event ID 2321 can be found.
- the electronic control system 1 includes a security event analysis unit 222 that reads a log recording the operation of various devices mounted on the vehicle and detects a security event, which is an event related to information security, and an event related to functional safety.
- a safety function execution unit 31 created to execute a safety function as a response to a safety event
- a security function execution unit 32 capable of executing a security function as a response to a security event
- a safety function and A GW storage unit 23 storing a countermeasure table 233 indicating at least one of security functions and a function corresponding to a security event detected by a security event analysis unit 222 are specified based on correspondence information, and the specified function is specified by a safety function execution unit.
- the safety function execution unit 31 can be used to respond to some security events
- the security function execution unit 32 only needs to respond to security events excluding some of them, reducing the development of the security function execution unit 32. can. Specifically, since the number of functions executed by the security function execution unit 32 can be reduced, the man-hours required for development and verification can be reduced, and the cost can also be reduced.
- the electronic control system 1 includes a safety event analysis section 221 that reads logs and detects safety events.
- the countermeasure table 233 includes a functional safety countermeasure table 231 indicating safety functions corresponding to safety events. Based on the countermeasure table 233, the determination unit 24 identifies a security function corresponding to the safety event detected by the safety event analysis unit 22, and causes the security function execution unit 32 to execute the identified security function. Therefore, the electronic control system 1 can also handle safety events.
- the safety function execution unit 31 complies with the provisions of ISO26262 Part 3 section 7.4.2.3. Therefore, the electronic control system 1 can deal with security events using the highly reliable safety function execution unit 31 .
- Modification 1 The processing in the embodiments described above may be simplified. For example, each function to be enabled may be identified and executed without parallel processing.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing processing of the gateway 20 in Modification 1.
- the log collection unit 21 collects logs, that is, the security log 121 and the safety log 122 from the ECU 30 .
- the functional safety analysis unit 221 analyzes the safety log 331 collected in step S301 to identify safety cases and assign event IDs to them.
- the information security analysis unit 222 analyzes the security log 332 collected in step S301 to identify security cases and assign event IDs.
- the determination unit 24 refers to the functional safety action table 231 and the information safety action table 232 to identify the action corresponding to the event IDB identified in steps S302A and S305A. For example, according to the examples of FIGS. 2 and 3, "E2", "F1", etc. are specified as countermeasures.
- the determination unit 24 determines whether or not there is a safety function to be activated.
- the determination unit 24 proceeds to step S304A when making an affirmative determination in step S312, and proceeds to step S313 when making a negative determination.
- the determination unit 24 determines that there is a safety function to be activated when there is an identifier including "E" in the measures specified in step S311.
- the determination unit 24 may make an affirmative determination in step S312 when the value in the column of type 2313 or type 2323 of the record specified in steps S302A and S305A is "safety".
- step S304A the determination unit 24 activates the safety function determined to be activated in step S311, and proceeds to step S312. Specifically, the determination unit 24 transmits the identifier of the safety function to be activated, such as "E1", to the device that executes the function, such as the ECU 30.
- the identifier of the safety function to be activated such as "E1”
- the determination unit 24 determines whether or not there is a security function to be activated.
- the determining unit 24 proceeds to step S308A when making an affirmative determination in step S313, and returns to step S301 when making a negative determination.
- the determination unit 24 determines that there is a safety function to be activated when there is an identifier including "F" in the measures identified in step S311.
- the determining unit 24 may make an affirmative determination in step S313 when the value in the column of type 2313 or type 2323 of the record specified in steps S302A and S305A is "security".
- step S308A the determination unit 24 activates the security function determined to be activated in step S311, and returns to step S301. Specifically, the determining unit 24 transmits the identifier of the security function to be activated, such as "F1", to the device that executes the function, such as the ECU 30.
- FIG. The above is the description of FIG.
- Modification 1 it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment through simpler processing. Further, in this modification, the functional safety countermeasure table 231 and the information safety countermeasure table 232 may be integrated and stored in the GW storage unit 23 .
- gateway 20 includes log collection unit 21 , functional safety analysis unit 221 , information safety analysis unit 222 , GW storage unit 23 , and determination unit 24 in addition to communication unit 29 .
- the functions of the log collection unit 21, the functional safety analysis unit 221, the information safety analysis unit 222, the GW storage unit 23, and the determination unit 24 may be installed in different devices.
- the processing of the log collection unit 21, the functional safety analysis unit 221, the information safety analysis unit 222, and the determination unit 24 are related to each other, but each is a function realized by a different device. Even if there is, there is no problem in operation by exchanging information by communication.
- the electronic control system 1 does not have to include the functional safety analysis section 221 . In this case, the processing of steps S302 and S303 shown in FIG. 4 is not executed.
- the information safety analysis unit 222 may refer to the analysis result by the functional safety analysis unit 221 . This case is useful for detecting security events that are related to safety events. That is, in this modified example, the security event analysis unit 222 detects a security event based on the safety event detected by the safety event analysis unit 221 and the security log 332 .
- the functional safety function execution unit 31 and the information safety function execution unit 32 may be installed in separate devices. Furthermore, each of the functional safety function execution unit 31 and the information safety function execution unit 32 may be installed in a plurality of devices. In this case, the target 2312 field of the functional safety countermeasure table 231 and the target 2322 field of the information safety countermeasure table 232 store information specifying the device that executes the process.
- the gateway 20 does not have to have the communication unit 29 which is a function of managing communications. That is, the functions of the log collection unit 21, the functional safety analysis unit 221, the information safety analysis unit 222, the GW storage unit 23, and the determination unit 24 may be installed in a device other than the gateway 20.
- FIG. 1 the functions of the log collection unit 21, the functional safety analysis unit 221, the information safety analysis unit 222, the GW storage unit 23, and the determination unit 24 may be installed in a device other than the gateway 20.
- the gateway 20 may have functions of a functional safety function execution unit 31 , an information safety function execution unit 32 , an ECU storage unit 33 , and an in-vehicle log collection unit 34 .
- the electronic control system 1 may not include the ECU 30.
- the above-described embodiment may be modified as in the following ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>.
- the safety log 331 and the security log 332 collected by the log collection unit 21 may be stored in a temporary storage unit (not shown) instead of the GW storage unit 23 .
- the gateway 20 may collect logs from multiple devices.
- the gateway 20 may be configured to receive logs from other devices without including the log collection unit 21 .
- the functional safety countermeasure table 231 and the information safety countermeasure table 232 may be integrated.
- the configuration of the functional blocks is merely an example. Some functional configurations shown as separate functional blocks may be configured integrally, or a configuration represented by one functional block diagram may be divided into two or more functions. Further, a configuration may be adopted in which part of the functions of each functional block is provided in another functional block.
- the program is stored in a ROM (not shown), but the program may be stored in a non-volatile memory.
- the gateway 20 may have an input/output interface (not shown), and a program may be read from another device via a medium that can be used by the input/output interface and the gateway 20 when necessary.
- the medium refers to, for example, a storage medium that can be attached to and detached from an input/output interface, or a communication medium, that is, a wired, wireless, or optical network, or a carrier wave or digital signal that propagates through the network.
- part or all of the functions realized by the program may be realized by a hardware circuit or FPGA.
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Abstract
Description
本明細書では「セーフティ」および「セキュリティ」は次の意味で用いる。「セーフティ」とは、機能安全を意味し、たとえばISO26262に定義されている「電気電子システムの機能不全のふるまいにより引き起こされるハザードが原因となる、不合理なリスクの不在」である。「セキュリティ」とは、情報セキュリティを意味し、たとえば情報の機密性、完全性、可用性が保たれることとである。なお以下では「セキュリティ」を「情報安全」とも呼ぶ。
以下、図1~図4を参照して、電子制御システム1の実施の形態を説明する。
(1)電子制御システム1は、車両に搭載される様々な装置の動作を記録したログを読み込み、情報セキュリティに関するイベントであるセキュリティイベントを検出するセキュリティイベント解析部222と、機能安全に関するイベントであるセーフティイベントに対する対処であるセーフティ機能を実行するために作成されたセーフティ機能実行部31と、セキュリティイベントに対する対処であるセキュリティ機能が実行可能なセキュリティ機能実行部32と、セキュリティイベントに対応するセーフティ機能およびセキュリティ機能の少なくとも一方を示す対処表233が格納されるGW記憶部23と、セキュリティイベント解析部222が検出したセキュリティイベントに対応する機能を対応情報に基づき特定し、特定した機能をセーフティ機能実行部31およびセキュリティ機能実行部32の少なくとも一方に実行させる決定部24と、を備える。対処表233において、図3に示す例におけるイベントQ2やQ3のように、少なくとも1つのセキュリティイベントに分類されるイベントは、セーフティ機能と対応するように記録される。
上述した実施の形態における処理を簡略化してもよい。たとえば、並列処理を特に行うことなく、有効化すべき各機能を特定して実行してもよい。
上述した実施の形態では、ゲートウエイ20には通信部29に加えて、ログ収集部21、機能安全解析部221、情報安全解析部222、GW記憶部23、および決定部24が含まれた。しかし、ログ収集部21、機能安全解析部221、情報安全解析部222、GW記憶部23、および決定部24の機能がそれぞれ異なる装置に搭載されてもよい。図4のフローチャートで示したように、ログ収集部21、機能安全解析部221、情報安全解析部222、および決定部24の処理は相互に関係するが、それぞれが異なる装置により実現される機能であっても、通信により情報を授受することで動作に支障がない。
上述した実施の形態において、電子制御システム1は、機能安全解析部221を備えなくてもよい。この場合には図4に示したステップS302およびステップS303の処理が実行されない。
上述した実施の形態において、情報安全解析部222は、機能安全解析部221による解析結果を参照してもよい。この場合は、セーフティイベントと関連のあるセキュリティイベントの検出に有用である。すなわち本変形例ではセキュリティイベント解析部222は、セーフティイベント解析部221が検出するセーフティイベント、およびセキュリティログ332に基づきセキュリティイベントを検出する。
機能安全機能実行部31と情報安全機能実行部32は、それぞれ別の装置に搭載されてもよい。さらに機能安全機能実行部31と情報安全機能実行部32のそれぞれが、複数の装置に搭載されてもよい。この場合には、機能安全対処表231の対象2312および情報安全対処表232の対象2322のフィールドには、処理を実行する装置を特定する情報が格納される。
ゲートウエイ20は、通信を統括する機能である通信部29を有さなくてもよい。すなわちゲートウエイ20以外の装置に、ログ収集部21、機能安全解析部221、情報安全解析部222、GW記憶部23、および決定部24の機能が搭載されてもよい。
図6に示すように、ゲートウエイ20は、機能安全機能実行部31、情報安全機能実行部32、ECU記憶部33、および車両内ログ収集部34の機能を備えてもよい。この場合には、電子制御システム1はECU30を含まなくてもよい。
<1>ログ収集部21が収集したセーフティログ331およびセキュリティログ332は、GW記憶部23の代わりに、不図示の一時記憶部に格納されてもよい。
<2>ゲートウエイ20は、複数の装置からログを収集してもよい。
<3>ゲートウエイ20は、ログ収集部21を備えず、他の装置からログを受信する構成としてもよい。
<4>機能安全対処表231および情報安全対処表232は、一体に構成されてもよい。
20…ゲートウエイ
21…ログ収集部
23…GW記憶部
24…決定部
29…通信部
31…機能安全機能実行部、セーフティ機能実行部
32…情報安全機能実行部、セキュリティ機能実行部
33…ECU記憶部
34…車両内ログ収集部
121…セキュリティログ
122…セーフティログ
221…機能安全解析部、セーフティイベント解析部
222…情報安全解析部、セキュリティイベント解析部
231…機能安全対処表
232…情報安全対処表
233…対処表
331…セーフティログ
332…セキュリティログ
Claims (4)
- 装置の動作を記録したログを読み込み、情報セキュリティに関するイベントであるセキュリティイベントを検出するセキュリティイベント解析部と、
機能安全に関するイベントであるセーフティイベントに対する対処であるセーフティ機能を実行するために作成されたセーフティ機能実行部と、
前記セキュリティイベントに対する対処であるセキュリティ機能が実行可能なセキュリティ機能実行部と、
前記セキュリティイベントに対応する前記セーフティ機能および前記セキュリティ機能の少なくとも一方を示す対応情報が格納される記憶部と、
前記セキュリティイベント解析部が検出した前記セキュリティイベントに対応する機能を前記対応情報に基づき特定し、特定した機能を前記セーフティ機能実行部および前記セキュリティ機能実行部の少なくとも一方に実行させる決定部と、を備え、
前記対応情報において、少なくとも1つの前記セキュリティイベントに分類される前記イベントは、前記セーフティ機能と対応するように記録される、電子制御システム。 - 請求項1に記載の電子制御システムにおいて、
前記ログを読み込み、前記セーフティイベントを検出するセーフティイベント解析部をさらに備え、
前記対応情報には、前記セーフティイベントに対応する前記セーフティ機能がさらに格納され、
前記決定部はさらに、前記対応情報に基づき、前記セーフティイベント解析部が検出した前記セーフティイベントに対応する前記セキュリティ機能を特定し、特定した前記セキュリティ機能を前記セキュリティ機能実行部に実行させる、電子制御システム。 - 請求項2に記載の電子制御システムにおいて、
前記セキュリティイベント解析部は、前記セーフティイベント解析部が検出する前記セーフティイベント、および前記ログに基づき前記セキュリティイベントを検出する、電子制御システム。 - 請求項1に記載の電子制御システムにおいて、
前記セーフティ機能実行部は、ISO26262 Part 3 section 7.4.2.3の規定に適合する、電子制御システム。
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