WO2022175732A1 - (pets-net) iot enabled petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage of a pipeline in environmental application - Google Patents

(pets-net) iot enabled petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage of a pipeline in environmental application Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022175732A1
WO2022175732A1 PCT/IB2021/055572 IB2021055572W WO2022175732A1 WO 2022175732 A1 WO2022175732 A1 WO 2022175732A1 IB 2021055572 W IB2021055572 W IB 2021055572W WO 2022175732 A1 WO2022175732 A1 WO 2022175732A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipeline
magnets
sensors
pair
bracelets
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PCT/IB2021/055572
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Praveen KUMAR SAHU
Devesh Mishra
Gopal Rawat
Chandra Shekhar Singh Chandal
Original Assignee
Kumar Sahu Praveen
Devesh Mishra
Gopal Rawat
Chandra Shekhar Singh Chandal
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Application filed by Kumar Sahu Praveen, Devesh Mishra, Gopal Rawat, Chandra Shekhar Singh Chandal filed Critical Kumar Sahu Praveen
Publication of WO2022175732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022175732A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
    • G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
    • G01N27/87—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields using probes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
    • G16Y10/00—Economic sectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L2101/00—Uses or applications of pigs or moles
    • F16L2101/30—Inspecting, measuring or testing

Definitions

  • the present invention is an interdisciplinary work including Electronics engineering, mechanical engineering and in combination chemical engineering.
  • the present invention specifically relates to a system employed in ferromagnetic pipeline network in order to detect leakage.
  • the corrosion is all time hazard for the petroleum industry.
  • the hydrocarbon industry pre dominantly employs carbon steel for the piping which undergoes extensive corrosion by its exposure to the atmosphere as well as corrosive constituents in petroleum products. Unattended corrosion causes losses in addition to upsetting the economics of refining, eventually reason behind leaks that can impact the environment and human safety.
  • Currently maintenance of industrial asset & inspection of pipelines at an inaccessible region in the refinery is done annually during plant shutdown. It is performed manually using huge scaffoldings, which involves significant time and money and are hazardous for human beings as well.
  • US20110156362A1 discloses a self-pressurizing seal embodying multiple and conjoined pliable ridges which upon insertion of a pipe into a coupling or valve body compress inwardly and upwardly to prevent seal surface damage or dislodgement from the coupling device or valve body and simultaneously form a series of circumferential frictional seals prior to fluid pressure introduction.
  • US20110241342A1 which discloses an interlocking pipe and self-sealing pipe repair clamp consisting of a steel or aluminum body embodying multiple interlocking equal length sections, an internal recessed seal groove to facilitate a self-pressurizing seal, and an integral fastening system with bolt housings angled outwardly 25° for easy fastener access and uniform tightening to secure the pipe repair clamp around any pipe size and to uniformly compress the self-pressurizing seal against the leaking pipe surface to prevent the outward flow of fluids from the leaking pipe.
  • the present invention relates to a system for detection of leakage and/or crack in a pipeline through a network of sensors disposed around the pipeline.
  • a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline.
  • the network comprising: a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes, wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes are configured to be connected together in order to form a butt joint along a circumference of said pipes; a pair of bracelets disposed around the circumference of said pipe and fastened through a link and joint connector, wherein each of said bracelets comprises an detachable links/braces with each brace holding a magnet, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets from said first and
  • said network further comprises a storage box with a handle disposed within said link and joint connector of said pair of bracelets in order to hold said pair of bracelets and said array of sensors in a fixed position, wherein said storage box is configured to enclose a power supply required for receiving and transmitting inputs from said sensors, wherein said handle includes an extruded surface angle which is configured to be attached with said pair of bracelets, wherein said storage box includes a pair of push buttons configured to adjust said storage box within said joint connectors of said pair of bracelets holding magnets.
  • Another embodiment of the invention states a method of detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network.
  • the method comprising steps: inducing a magnetic field lines between a plurality of magnets having a first polarity and a second polarity, wherein said plurality of magnets are enclosed within a pair of bracelets which is disposed around the circumference of a pipeline and fastened through a link and joint connector, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other, wherein said pipeline comprises a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers disposed at specific
  • Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of components installed in a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of steps involved in detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a cylindrical shaped pipeline with said sensor network installed around circumference of the pipeline.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view of components installed in said PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline.
  • Figure 5 illustrates an isometric three-dimensional view of said sensor network.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a top view of said sensor network.
  • Figure 7 illustrates said sensor network installed over said pipeline.
  • Figure 8 illustrates another isometric view of said sensor network.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a pipeline with said sensor network installed at specific distance along the length.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a sensor network detection and communication system.
  • Petroleum pipelines are the best mode of transportation of crude oil, refined oil, and by products of petroleum. Within the refinery these pipelines are in the form of heater tubes and pipes linked/ connected to the overhead of columns.
  • One of the major causes of the petroleum pipeline accident is due to Corrosion.
  • the pipeline work environment is so daunting which makes pipelines easy to be eroded or corroded or fatigued which causes pipeline leakage& damage to pipeline integrity.
  • periodic maintenance and overhaul are necessary for the process industries pipeline.
  • a wireless sensor network- based tool has been derived for inspection and monitoring of tank surface, vertical and horizontal pipelines. These networked devices can be placed at 50 to 60 meters above the surface including complex structures containing sharp bends.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of components installed in a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline.
  • the PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline involves mainly following components.
  • a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes (102) is arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers (106) disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes (102), wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes (102) are configured to be connected together in order to form a butt joint (106) along a circumference of said pipes.
  • a pair of bracelets (108) are disposed around the circumference of said pipe (102) and fastened through a link and joint connector (110), wherein each of said bracelets (108) comprises an detachable links/braces (112) with each brace holding a magnet, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets (114) having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets (116) having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets (114, 116) from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other.
  • a smart node (118) having an array of hall effect sensors (120) is arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet (108), wherein each sensor is configured to be disposed between said first polarity of magnets (114) and said second polarity of magnets (116) and thereby detect disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through said plurality of pipes/pipeline (102).
  • a processing unit (126) operatively coupled to said array of sensors (120) and configured to receive an input from said smart node (118), wherein said processing unit (126) is configured to process and accumulate said input received from said sensors (120), wherein when said pipeline (102) is cracked at a surface, there is a disturbance in said magnetic field lines, and said distortion in magnetic field lines are configured to be detected by said array of hall effect sensors (120), wherein said sensors transmit an analog value to said processing unit (126) with respect to said node (118), wherein said node is configured to receive input commands from a base station (128) and transmit said received data from said sensors to said base station for data analytics.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of steps involved in detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network.
  • the method of detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network involves following steps:
  • the step (202) involving inducing a magnetic field lines between a plurality of magnets having a first polarity and a second polarity, wherein said plurality of magnets are enclosed within a pair of bracelets which is disposed around the circumference of a pipeline and fastened through a link and joint connector, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other, wherein said pipeline comprises a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes, wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes are configured to be connected together in order to form a
  • the step (204) involves detecting a disturbance and/or distortion in said induced magnetic field lines by a smart node having an array of hall effect sensors arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet, wherein each sensor is configured to be disposed between said first polarity of magnets and said second polarity of magnets and thereby detect disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through said plurality of pipes/pipeline.
  • the step (206) involves transmitting said detected disturbance to a processing unit operatively coupled to said array of sensors and configured to receive an input from said smart node.
  • the further step (208) involves accumulating said input received from said sensors by said processing unit, wherein when said pipeline is cracked at a surface, there is a disturbance in said magnetic field lines, and said distortion in magnetic field lines are configured to be detected by said array of hall effect sensors
  • the step (210) involves transmitting an analog value to said processing unit with respect to said node, wherein said node is configured to receive input commands from a base station and transmit said received data from said sensors to said base station for data analytics.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a cylindrical shaped pipeline with said sensor network installed around circumference of the pipeline.
  • the system displays a carbon steel pipeline which is made by connecting a number of pipes.
  • a sensor network system is installed around the circumference of the pipeline.
  • the network includes two pieces of bracelets like watch bracelets a number of braces or links which can be detached or attached to each other.
  • the braces hold magnets made of neodymium iron boron magnets and are hold apart from each other through a number of brackets.
  • the upper bracelet with said magnet comprises of a north pole and the lower bracelet encloses magnet with south polarity.
  • the magnetic field lines are induced from north pole to south pole.
  • An array of sensors preferably hall effect sensors are placed between the upper and lower bracelet.
  • the sensors are placed in order to detect any disturbance in the magnetic field lines from north to south pole.
  • a handle cum storage box is placed and fitted detachably to the upper and lower bracelet.
  • the storage box contains the power supply and the communication means to transmit signal to base station when any disturbance is occurred in the field lines.
  • the box is provided with push buttons for angle of box tin holder and to attach and detach the box to the pipeline.
  • a door is provided to the box for placing said power supply and communication devices inside the storage box.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view of components installed in said PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline.
  • the two bracelets as disclosed earlier enclose magnets with the brackets.
  • the array of sensors includes connecting wires which are coupled with magnets of north pole and south pole.
  • a Velcro hook and loop fastener are provided for portioning or holding said sensor apart from each other.
  • the bracelet is provided with a link and joint connector for connecting the storage box to it.
  • the connection includes a cavity opening for handle placement.
  • the box also includes a contour opening for connecting wires of said array of sensors, which can transmit signal to the communication unit about the disturbance in the magnetic field lines.
  • Figure 5 illustrates an isometric three-dimensional view of said sensor network.
  • a door is provided to the storage box for placing the communication module such as GPRS location module along with a power supply, such that when the wires of sensors connected detect any kind of disturbance in the magnetic field lines, the location module transmit it to the base station in order to identify the exact location of default along the pipeline.
  • the communication module such as GPRS location module
  • a power supply such that when the wires of sensors connected detect any kind of disturbance in the magnetic field lines, the location module transmit it to the base station in order to identify the exact location of default along the pipeline.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a top view of said sensor network.
  • the length of the bracelets which enclose magnets of different polarity and the array of sensors can be adjust according the diameter of the pipeline.
  • the array of sensors is attached through a hook and lop fastener which therefore can be easily tightened and the bracelets have links or braces which can be attached and/or detached from the bracelet according to the requirement.
  • Figure 7 illustrates said sensor network installed over said pipeline.
  • the connecting wires or tips of hall effect sensors are connected to a processing unit which is placed inside the storage box. So, when there is any disturbance in the field lines, the sensor detects that and transmit it to the processing unit through the connected wires.
  • the processing unit converts the signal into analog value and sends it to the base station along with the location of that part where the disturbance occurs.
  • Figure 8 illustrates another isometric view of said sensor network.
  • the array of hall effect sensors is connected with a Velcro look and loop fastener and have a sensor strap in order to separate sensors apart from each other as in case of bracelets holding the magnets.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a pipeline with said sensor network installed at specific distance along the length.
  • Process industries such as refineries and petrochemical plants commonly use Carbon steel pipelines in their operation. These pipes are ferromagnetic in nature.
  • the orientation of the pipeline in the refinery can be horizontal or vertical having hangers to support the pipe at periodic distance.
  • a butt joint is formed, which is 6 inches in height at along its circumference as shown in figure 9.
  • FIG 10 illustrates a sensor network detection and communication systemFrom the title is itself declared that our device operates over wireless sensor network.
  • Each sensor network is equipped with trans receiver capability.
  • Each smart node has an array of hall effect sensors to coverup all along the perimeter of the pipeline.
  • North pole& South Pole neodymium Iron Boron magnets are also placed all along the perimeter of the pipe wall. Magnets from both the North and South Pole will be placed in a bracelet-shaped sloping belt, 6 inches apart from each other and affixed to the pipe perimeter as shown in figure 10.
  • Each hall effect sensor is placed between the north & south pole of neodymium iron boron magnet which can detect any disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through the pipeline. Any physical crack at the surface of the pipeline causes disturbance in the magnetic field lines.
  • This disturbance or distortion in magnetic field lines detected by hall effect sensor is due to any crack.
  • the location of the crack on the surface of the pipeline is detected through the position of hall effect sensor.
  • the sensor provides analog value to the processing unit of the node to process & accumulate the data obtained from all the sensors.
  • the node acts as a trans receiver and can operate on IEEE802.il as well as GPRS.
  • Node can receive input commands from base station & transmit the data to base station for data analytics following any network topology. All the functions including sensing, processing and communication of the smart node are associated with the power supply unit. Solar panels can also be interfaced with Power supply unit to make the device more energy efficient.
  • the array of hall effect sensors comprises a plurality of connecting wires or tips which is coupled with said magnets from said first and second bracelets, wherein said connecting wires are configured to detect distortion of magnetic field lines induced from magnets having first polarity towards magnets having second polarity.
  • the PETS-NET petroleum sensor network comprises a pair of holders for said pair of bracelets and disposed within said pair of bracelets in order to separate each magnet, wherein said holder comprises a strap which is configured to receive said plurality of connecting wires or pins of said array of sensors and a plurality of housing disposed over a base of holder in order to receive each magnet.
  • a pair of adjustable fastening means configured to wrap said pair of bracelets around said circumference of said pipeline, wherein each of said adjustable fastening means comprises a hook and loop fastener in order to adjust size of bracelets according to circumference of said pipeline.
  • Each magnet from said pair of bracelets is configured to be at least 6 inches apart from each other.
  • Each of said pair of bracelets comprises a cavity opening for said handle of said storage box, wherein said cavity is configured to receive said handle by pressing a first push button in order to hold said pair of bracelets firmly against said circumference of pipeline.
  • the connecting wires/pins of said array of sensors are coupled with said magnets, wherein said magnetic field lines are configured to travel from first polarity to second polarity without distortion, wherein when a distortion or disturbance in said pipeline occurs, said array of sensors detect said distortion and transmit said signal to said base station.
  • the storage box encloses a location module which is configured to receive said distortion and/or disturbance of magnetic field line detected by said array of sensors, wherein said location module comprises a GPRS module which is communicatively coupled to said base station in order to detect said distortion of said pipeline.
  • the smart node with said array of hall effect sensors acts a trans-receiver, wherein said node is configured to receive and transmit commands from and to said base station.
  • the array of sensors is configured to detect a crack along said circumference of said pipeline when said magnetic field lines from first polarity to second polarity magnets are distorted or disturbed along the line of travel.
  • the present invention has a great industrial applicability such as India ranks second in Asia for its overall oil reserve & to meet the rising demands of oil, India is the fifth largest importer of crude oil in the world.
  • Pipeline acts as the arteries and veins of the fuel industry, similar to natural ones.
  • PETS-NET is a novel wireless sensor network-based pipeline thickness measurement system.lt is also useful for early warning systems towards any threat to pipeline integrity.
  • This smart sensor network system uses GSM, IoT (Internet of Things) with MFL (Magnetic Flux leakage) techniques for its operation.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • MFL Magnetic Flux leakage
  • This device could be predominantly be used for health monitoring of ferromagnetic Pipelines & Overhead Tanks at oil refineries, petrochemical plants, or any other process industries having pipes as their integral asset.

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Abstract

A PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline is disclosed. A plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes (102) arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers (106) disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes (102). A pair of bracelets (108) disposed around the circumference of said pipe (102) and fastened through a link and joint connector (110), wherein each of said bracelets (108) comprises a detachable links/braces (112) with each brace holding a magnet. A smart node (118) having an array of hall effect sensors (120) arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet (108). A processing unit (126) is configured to process and accumulate said input received from said sensors (120).

Description

(PETS-NET) IoT ENABLED PETROLEUM SENSOR NETWORK FOR DETECTING AND LOCATING LEAKAGE OF A PIPELINE IN ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATION
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention is an interdisciplinary work including Electronics engineering, mechanical engineering and in combination chemical engineering. The present invention specifically relates to a system employed in ferromagnetic pipeline network in order to detect leakage.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The corrosion is all time hazard for the petroleum industry. The hydrocarbon industry pre dominantly employs carbon steel for the piping which undergoes extensive corrosion by its exposure to the atmosphere as well as corrosive constituents in petroleum products. Unattended corrosion causes losses in addition to upsetting the economics of refining, eventually reason behind leaks that can impact the environment and human safety. Currently maintenance of industrial asset & inspection of pipelines at an inaccessible region in the refinery is done annually during plant shutdown. It is performed manually using huge scaffoldings, which involves significant time and money and are hazardous for human beings as well.
The traditional method states that due to aging infrastructure & hostile operating environment, the pipelines in the oil industry face the all-time threat of corrosion & erosion affecting leakage in the pipelines, causing emergency plant shutdown triggering huge economical, infrastructure, and sometimes human loss and also makes the refinery inoperable for least 7 days. Measurement of thickness at a height of 30- 40 meters above the ground level is a difficult task and hazardous for human beings followed by making big scaffolding that is time-consuming work.
A number of technologies have been developed to prevent leakage in an oil pipeline network, such as US20110156362A1 which discloses a self-pressurizing seal embodying multiple and conjoined pliable ridges which upon insertion of a pipe into a coupling or valve body compress inwardly and upwardly to prevent seal surface damage or dislodgement from the coupling device or valve body and simultaneously form a series of circumferential frictional seals prior to fluid pressure introduction.
US20110241342A1 which discloses an interlocking pipe and self-sealing pipe repair clamp consisting of a steel or aluminum body embodying multiple interlocking equal length sections, an internal recessed seal groove to facilitate a self-pressurizing seal, and an integral fastening system with bolt housings angled outwardly 25° for easy fastener access and uniform tightening to secure the pipe repair clamp around any pipe size and to uniformly compress the self-pressurizing seal against the leaking pipe surface to prevent the outward flow of fluids from the leaking pipe.
However, the petroleum pipeline needs inspection continuously for cracks and leakages, in order to maintain a smooth flow of fluid being carried into the pipeline.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a system for detection of leakage and/or crack in a pipeline through a network of sensors disposed around the pipeline.
In an embodiment of the present invention a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline is disclosed. The network comprising: a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes, wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes are configured to be connected together in order to form a butt joint along a circumference of said pipes; a pair of bracelets disposed around the circumference of said pipe and fastened through a link and joint connector, wherein each of said bracelets comprises an detachable links/braces with each brace holding a magnet, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other; a smart node having an array of hall effect sensors arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet, wherein each sensor is configured to be disposed between said first polarity of magnets and said second polarity of magnets and thereby detect disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through said plurality of pipes/pipeline; and a processing unit operatively coupled to said array of sensors and configured to receive an input from said smart node, wherein said processing unit is configured to process and accumulate said input received from said sensors, wherein when said pipeline is cracked at a surface, there is a disturbance in said magnetic field lines, and said distortion in magnetic field lines are configured to be detected by said array of hall effect sensors, wherein said sensors transmit an analog value to said processing unit with respect to said node, wherein said node is configured to receive input commands from a base station and transmit said received data from said sensors to said base station for data analytics.
Another embodiment of the invention states that said network further comprises a storage box with a handle disposed within said link and joint connector of said pair of bracelets in order to hold said pair of bracelets and said array of sensors in a fixed position, wherein said storage box is configured to enclose a power supply required for receiving and transmitting inputs from said sensors, wherein said handle includes an extruded surface angle which is configured to be attached with said pair of bracelets, wherein said storage box includes a pair of push buttons configured to adjust said storage box within said joint connectors of said pair of bracelets holding magnets.
Another embodiment of the invention states a method of detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network. The method comprising steps: inducing a magnetic field lines between a plurality of magnets having a first polarity and a second polarity, wherein said plurality of magnets are enclosed within a pair of bracelets which is disposed around the circumference of a pipeline and fastened through a link and joint connector, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other, wherein said pipeline comprises a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes, wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes are configured to be connected together in order to form a butt joint along a circumference of said pipes; detecting a disturbance and/or distortion in said induced magnetic field lines by a smart node having an array of hall effect sensors arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet, wherein each sensor is configured to be disposed between said first polarity of magnets and said second polarity of magnets and thereby detect disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through said plurality of pipes/pipeline; transmitting said detected disturbance to a processing unit operatively coupled to said array of sensors and configured to receive an input from said smart node; accumulating said input received from said sensors by said processing unit, wherein when said pipeline is cracked at a surface, there is a disturbance in said magnetic field lines, and said distortion in magnetic field lines are configured to be detected by said array of hall effect sensors; and transmitting an analog value to said processing unit with respect to said node, wherein said node is configured to receive input commands from a base station and transmit said received data from said sensors to said base station for data analytics.
To further clarify advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which is illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail with the accompanying drawings
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like characters represent like parts throughout the drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of components installed in a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline.
Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of steps involved in detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network.
Figure 3 illustrates a cylindrical shaped pipeline with said sensor network installed around circumference of the pipeline.
Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view of components installed in said PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline.
Figure 5 illustrates an isometric three-dimensional view of said sensor network.
Figure 6 illustrates a top view of said sensor network. Figure 7 illustrates said sensor network installed over said pipeline.
Figure 8 illustrates another isometric view of said sensor network.
Figure 9 illustrates a pipeline with said sensor network installed at specific distance along the length.
Figure 10 illustrates a sensor network detection and communication system.
Further, skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the drawings are illustrated for simplicity and may not have been necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the flow charts illustrate the method in terms of the most prominent steps involved to help to improve understanding of aspects of the present invention. Furthermore, in terms of the construction of the device, one or more components of the device may have been represented in the drawings by conventional symbols, and the drawings may show only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present invention so as not to obscure the drawings with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having benefit of the description herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended, such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated system, and such further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory of the invention and are not intended to be restrictive thereof.
Reference throughout this specification to “an aspect”, “another aspect” or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrase “in an embodiment”, “in another embodiment” and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.
The terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process or method that comprises a list of steps does not include only those steps but may include other steps not expressly listed or inherent to such process or method. Similarly, one or more devices or sub-systems or elements or structures or components proceeded by "comprises...a" does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other devices or other sub-systems or other elements or other structures or other components or additional devices or additional sub-systems or additional elements or additional structures or additional components.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The system, methods, and examples provided herein are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Petroleum pipelines are the best mode of transportation of crude oil, refined oil, and by products of petroleum. Within the refinery these pipelines are in the form of heater tubes and pipes linked/ connected to the overhead of columns. One of the major causes of the petroleum pipeline accident is due to Corrosion. The pipeline work environment is so formidable which makes pipelines easy to be eroded or corroded or fatigued which causes pipeline leakage& damage to pipeline integrity. To prevent this, periodic maintenance and overhaul are necessary for the process industries pipeline. Here a wireless sensor network- based tool has been derived for inspection and monitoring of tank surface, vertical and horizontal pipelines. These networked devices can be placed at 50 to 60 meters above the surface including complex structures containing sharp bends. Our system newly developed Petroleum Sensor Network assists with automated thickness measurement and having the additional advantage of providing early warning alert if any threat is found for out pipeline integrity. This could be helpful in conditional monitoring of pipelines in oil refineries. It is s network of smart sensing devices that can sense, process, monitor & transmit the information about the pipe health to the base station at a periodic time or wherever required. Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of components installed in a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline involves mainly following components.
A plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes (102) is arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers (106) disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes (102), wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes (102) are configured to be connected together in order to form a butt joint (106) along a circumference of said pipes.
A pair of bracelets (108) are disposed around the circumference of said pipe (102) and fastened through a link and joint connector (110), wherein each of said bracelets (108) comprises an detachable links/braces (112) with each brace holding a magnet, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets (114) having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets (116) having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets (114, 116) from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other.
A smart node (118) having an array of hall effect sensors (120) is arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet (108), wherein each sensor is configured to be disposed between said first polarity of magnets (114) and said second polarity of magnets (116) and thereby detect disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through said plurality of pipes/pipeline (102).
A processing unit (126) operatively coupled to said array of sensors (120) and configured to receive an input from said smart node (118), wherein said processing unit (126) is configured to process and accumulate said input received from said sensors (120), wherein when said pipeline (102) is cracked at a surface, there is a disturbance in said magnetic field lines, and said distortion in magnetic field lines are configured to be detected by said array of hall effect sensors (120), wherein said sensors transmit an analog value to said processing unit (126) with respect to said node (118), wherein said node is configured to receive input commands from a base station (128) and transmit said received data from said sensors to said base station for data analytics. A storage box (130) with a handle (132) disposed within said link and joint connector (110) of said pair of bracelets (108) in order to hold said pair of bracelets and said array of sensors (120) in a fixed position, wherein said storage box (130) is configured to enclose a power supply required for receiving and transmitting inputs from said sensors (120), wherein said handle (132) includes an extruded surface angle which is configured to be attached with said pair of bracelets (108), wherein said storage box includes a pair of push buttons (134) configured to adjust said storage box (130) within said joint connectors of said pair of bracelets (108) holding magnets.
Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of steps involved in detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network. The method of detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network involves following steps:
The step (202) involving inducing a magnetic field lines between a plurality of magnets having a first polarity and a second polarity, wherein said plurality of magnets are enclosed within a pair of bracelets which is disposed around the circumference of a pipeline and fastened through a link and joint connector, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other, wherein said pipeline comprises a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes, wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes are configured to be connected together in order to form a butt joint along a circumference of said pipes.
The step (204) involves detecting a disturbance and/or distortion in said induced magnetic field lines by a smart node having an array of hall effect sensors arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet, wherein each sensor is configured to be disposed between said first polarity of magnets and said second polarity of magnets and thereby detect disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through said plurality of pipes/pipeline. The step (206) involves transmitting said detected disturbance to a processing unit operatively coupled to said array of sensors and configured to receive an input from said smart node.
The further step (208) involves accumulating said input received from said sensors by said processing unit, wherein when said pipeline is cracked at a surface, there is a disturbance in said magnetic field lines, and said distortion in magnetic field lines are configured to be detected by said array of hall effect sensors
The step (210) involves transmitting an analog value to said processing unit with respect to said node, wherein said node is configured to receive input commands from a base station and transmit said received data from said sensors to said base station for data analytics.
Figure 3 illustrates a cylindrical shaped pipeline with said sensor network installed around circumference of the pipeline. The system displays a carbon steel pipeline which is made by connecting a number of pipes. A sensor network system is installed around the circumference of the pipeline. The network includes two pieces of bracelets like watch bracelets a number of braces or links which can be detached or attached to each other. The braces hold magnets made of neodymium iron boron magnets and are hold apart from each other through a number of brackets. The upper bracelet with said magnet comprises of a north pole and the lower bracelet encloses magnet with south polarity. The magnetic field lines are induced from north pole to south pole.
An array of sensors preferably hall effect sensors are placed between the upper and lower bracelet. The sensors are placed in order to detect any disturbance in the magnetic field lines from north to south pole.
A handle cum storage box is placed and fitted detachably to the upper and lower bracelet. The storage box contains the power supply and the communication means to transmit signal to base station when any disturbance is occurred in the field lines. The box is provided with push buttons for angle of box tin holder and to attach and detach the box to the pipeline. A door is provided to the box for placing said power supply and communication devices inside the storage box.
Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view of components installed in said PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline. The two bracelets as disclosed earlier enclose magnets with the brackets. The array of sensors includes connecting wires which are coupled with magnets of north pole and south pole. A Velcro hook and loop fastener are provided for portioning or holding said sensor apart from each other. The bracelet is provided with a link and joint connector for connecting the storage box to it. The connection includes a cavity opening for handle placement. The box also includes a contour opening for connecting wires of said array of sensors, which can transmit signal to the communication unit about the disturbance in the magnetic field lines.
Figure 5 illustrates an isometric three-dimensional view of said sensor network. A door is provided to the storage box for placing the communication module such as GPRS location module along with a power supply, such that when the wires of sensors connected detect any kind of disturbance in the magnetic field lines, the location module transmit it to the base station in order to identify the exact location of default along the pipeline.
Figure 6 illustrates a top view of said sensor network. The length of the bracelets which enclose magnets of different polarity and the array of sensors can be adjust according the diameter of the pipeline. The array of sensors is attached through a hook and lop fastener which therefore can be easily tightened and the bracelets have links or braces which can be attached and/or detached from the bracelet according to the requirement.
Figure 7 illustrates said sensor network installed over said pipeline. The connecting wires or tips of hall effect sensors are connected to a processing unit which is placed inside the storage box. So, when there is any disturbance in the field lines, the sensor detects that and transmit it to the processing unit through the connected wires. The processing unit converts the signal into analog value and sends it to the base station along with the location of that part where the disturbance occurs.
Figure 8 illustrates another isometric view of said sensor network. The array of hall effect sensors is connected with a Velcro look and loop fastener and have a sensor strap in order to separate sensors apart from each other as in case of bracelets holding the magnets.
Figure 9 illustrates a pipeline with said sensor network installed at specific distance along the length. According to the above description, we have proposed the following tool for problem solving. Process industries such as refineries and petrochemical plants commonly use Carbon steel pipelines in their operation. These pipes are ferromagnetic in nature. The orientation of the pipeline in the refinery can be horizontal or vertical having hangers to support the pipe at periodic distance. At the place of connecting 2 pipes, a butt joint is formed, which is 6 inches in height at along its circumference as shown in figure 9.
Figure 10 illustrates a sensor network detection and communication systemFrom the title is itself declared that our device operates over wireless sensor network. Each sensor network is equipped with trans receiver capability. Each smart node has an array of hall effect sensors to coverup all along the perimeter of the pipeline. Similarly, North pole& South Pole neodymium Iron Boron magnets are also placed all along the perimeter of the pipe wall. Magnets from both the North and South Pole will be placed in a bracelet-shaped sloping belt, 6 inches apart from each other and affixed to the pipe perimeter as shown in figure 10. Each hall effect sensor is placed between the north & south pole of neodymium iron boron magnet which can detect any disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through the pipeline. Any physical crack at the surface of the pipeline causes disturbance in the magnetic field lines. This disturbance or distortion in magnetic field lines detected by hall effect sensor is due to any crack. The location of the crack on the surface of the pipeline is detected through the position of hall effect sensor. The sensor provides analog value to the processing unit of the node to process & accumulate the data obtained from all the sensors. The node acts as a trans receiver and can operate on IEEE802.il as well as GPRS. Node can receive input commands from base station & transmit the data to base station for data analytics following any network topology. All the functions including sensing, processing and communication of the smart node are associated with the power supply unit. Solar panels can also be interfaced with Power supply unit to make the device more energy efficient.
The array of hall effect sensors comprises a plurality of connecting wires or tips which is coupled with said magnets from said first and second bracelets, wherein said connecting wires are configured to detect distortion of magnetic field lines induced from magnets having first polarity towards magnets having second polarity.
The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network comprisesa pair of holders for said pair of bracelets and disposed within said pair of bracelets in order to separate each magnet, wherein said holder comprises a strap which is configured to receive said plurality of connecting wires or pins of said array of sensors and a plurality of housing disposed over a base of holder in order to receive each magnet. A pair of adjustable fastening means configured to wrap said pair of bracelets around said circumference of said pipeline, wherein each of said adjustable fastening means comprises a hook and loop fastener in order to adjust size of bracelets according to circumference of said pipeline.
Each magnet from said pair of bracelets is configured to be at least 6 inches apart from each other. Each of said pair of bracelets comprises a cavity opening for said handle of said storage box, wherein said cavity is configured to receive said handle by pressing a first push button in order to hold said pair of bracelets firmly against said circumference of pipeline.
The connecting wires/pins of said array of sensors are coupled with said magnets, wherein said magnetic field lines are configured to travel from first polarity to second polarity without distortion, wherein when a distortion or disturbance in said pipeline occurs, said array of sensors detect said distortion and transmit said signal to said base station.
The storage box encloses a location module which is configured to receive said distortion and/or disturbance of magnetic field line detected by said array of sensors, wherein said location module comprises a GPRS module which is communicatively coupled to said base station in order to detect said distortion of said pipeline.
The smart node with said array of hall effect sensors acts a trans-receiver, wherein said node is configured to receive and transmit commands from and to said base station.
The array of sensors is configured to detect a crack along said circumference of said pipeline when said magnetic field lines from first polarity to second polarity magnets are distorted or disturbed along the line of travel.
The present invention has a great industrial applicability such as India ranks second in Asia for its overall oil reserve & to meet the rising demands of oil, India is the fifth largest importer of crude oil in the world. Pipeline acts as the arteries and veins of the fuel industry, similar to natural ones.
PETS-NET is a novel wireless sensor network-based pipeline thickness measurement system.lt is also useful for early warning systems towards any threat to pipeline integrity.
This smart sensor network system uses GSM, IoT (Internet of Things) with MFL (Magnetic Flux leakage) techniques for its operation. This device could be predominantly be used for health monitoring of ferromagnetic Pipelines & Overhead Tanks at oil refineries, petrochemical plants, or any other process industries having pipes as their integral asset.
The drawings and the forgoing description give examples of embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that one or more of the described elements may well be combined into a single functional element. Alternatively, certain elements may be split into multiple functional elements. Elements from one embodiment may be added to another embodiment. For example, orders of processes described herein may be changed and are not limited to the manner described herein. Moreover, the actions of any flow diagram need not be implemented in the order shown; nor do all of the acts necessarily need to be performed. Also, those acts that are not dependent on other acts may be performed in parallel with the other acts. The scope of embodiments is by no means limited by these specific examples. Numerous variations, whether explicitly given in the specification or not, such as differences in structure, dimension, and use of material, are possible. The scope of embodiments is at least as broad as given by the following claims.
Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any component(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or component of any or all the claims.

Claims

WE CLAIM:
1. A PETS-NET petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage in a pipeline comprising: a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes (102) arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers (106) disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes (102), wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes (102) are configured to be connected together in order to form a butt joint (106) along a circumference of said pipes; a pair of bracelets (108) disposed around the circumference of said pipe (102) and fastened through a link and joint connector (110), wherein each of said bracelets (108) comprises an detachable links/braces (112) with each brace holding a magnet, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets (114) having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets (122), wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets (116) having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets (114, 116) from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other; a smart node (118) having an array of hall effect sensors (120) arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet (108), wherein each sensor is configured to be disposed between said first polarity of magnets (114) and said second polarity of magnets (116) and thereby detect disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through said plurality of pipes/pipeline (102); a processing unit (126) operatively coupled to said array of sensors (120) and configured to receive an input from said smart node (118), wherein said processing unit (126) is configured to process and accumulate said input received from said sensors (120), wherein when said pipeline (102) is cracked at a surface, there is a disturbance in said magnetic field lines, and said distortion in magnetic field lines are configured to be detected by said array of hall effect sensors (120), wherein said sensors transmit an analog value to said processing unit (126) with respect to said node (118), wherein said node is configured to receive input commands from a base station (128) and transmit said received data from said sensors to said base station for data analytics.
2. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said network further comprises a storage box (130) with a handle (132) disposed within said link and joint connector (110) of said pair of bracelets (108) in order to hold said pair of bracelets and said array of sensors (120) in a fixed position, wherein said storage box (130) is configured to enclose a power supply required for receiving and transmitting inputs from said sensors (120), wherein said handle (132) includes an extruded surface angle which is configured to be attached with said pair of bracelets (108), wherein said storage box includes a pair of push buttons (134) configured to adjust said storage box (130) within said joint connectors of said pair of bracelets (108) holding magnets.
3. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said array of hall effect sensors comprises a plurality of connecting wires or tips which is coupled with said magnets from said first and second bracelets, wherein said connecting wires are configured to detect distortion of magnetic field lines induced from magnets having first polarity towards magnets having second polarity.
4. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sensor network comprises a pair of holders for said pair of bracelets and disposed within said pair of bracelets in order to separate each magnet, wherein said holder comprises a strap which is configured to receive said plurality of connecting wires or pins of said array of sensors and a plurality of housing disposed over a base of holder in order to receive each magnet; and a pair of adjustable fastening means configured to wrap said pair of bracelets around said circumference of said pipeline, wherein each of said adjustable fastening means comprises a hook and loop fastener in order to adjust size of bracelets according to circumference of said pipeline.
5. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein each magnet from said pair of bracelets is configured to be at least 6 inches apart from each other.
6. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said pair of bracelets comprises a cavity opening for said handle of said storage box, wherein said cavity is configured to receive said handle by pressing a first push button in order to hold said pair of bracelets firmly against said circumference of pipeline.
7. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said connecting wires/pins of said array of sensors are coupled with said magnets, wherein said magnetic field lines are configured to travel from first polarity to second polarity without distortion, wherein when a distortion or disturbance in said pipeline occurs, said array of sensors detect said distortion and transmit said signal to said base station.
8. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said storage box encloses a location module which is configured to receive said distortion and/or disturbance of magnetic field line detected by said array of sensors, wherein said location module comprises a GPRS module which is communicatively coupled to said base station in order to detect said distortion of said pipeline.
9. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said smart node with said array of hall effect sensors acts a trans-receiver, wherein said node is configured to receive and transmit commands from and to said base station.
10. The PETS-NET petroleum sensor network as claimed in claim 1, wherein said array of sensors are configured to detect a crack along said circumference of said pipeline when said magnetic field lines from first polarity to second polarity magnets are distorted or disturbed along the line of travel.
11. A method of detecting leakage/crack in a pipeline through a PETS-NET petroleum sensor network, the method comprising steps: inducing a magnetic field lines between a plurality of magnets having a first polarity and a second polarity, wherein said plurality of magnets are enclosed within a pair of bracelets which is disposed around the circumference of a pipeline and fastened through a link and joint connector, wherein a first bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having one polarity, arranged in an array separated by a plurality of brackets, wherein a second bracelet from said pair encloses a plurality of magnets having second polarity and arranged in a same manner as in said first bracelet, wherein each of said magnets from said first and second bracelet is configured to be disposed at a specific distance from each other, wherein said pipeline comprises a plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes arranged horizontally and/or vertically having a plurality of hangers disposed at specific distances from each other in order to support said pipes, wherein said plurality of cylindrical shaped pipes are configured to be connected together in order to form a butt joint along a circumference of said pipes; detecting a disturbance and/or distortion in said induced magnetic field lines by a smart node having an array of hall effect sensors arranged between said first bracelet and said second bracelet, wherein each sensor is configured to be disposed between said first polarity of magnets and said second polarity of magnets and thereby detect disturbance in magnetic field lines passing through said plurality of pipes/pipeline; transmitting said detected disturbance to a processing unit operatively coupled to said array of sensors and configured to receive an input from said smart node; accumulating said input received from said sensors by said processing unit, wherein when said pipeline is cracked at a surface, there is a disturbance in said magnetic field lines, and said distortion in magnetic field lines are configured to be detected by said array of hall effect sensors; transmitting an analog value to said processing unit with respect to said node, wherein said node is configured to receive input commands from a base station and transmit said received data from said sensors to said base station for data analytics.
PCT/IB2021/055572 2021-02-20 2021-06-23 (pets-net) iot enabled petroleum sensor network for detecting and locating leakage of a pipeline in environmental application WO2022175732A1 (en)

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CN208722033U (en) * 2018-10-25 2019-04-09 阳光学院 A kind of city supply and discharge pipe network intelligent monitor system based on narrowband Internet of Things

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US6847207B1 (en) * 2004-04-15 2005-01-25 Tdw Delaware, Inc. ID-OD discrimination sensor concept for a magnetic flux leakage inspection tool
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