WO2022170797A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022170797A1
WO2022170797A1 PCT/CN2021/129553 CN2021129553W WO2022170797A1 WO 2022170797 A1 WO2022170797 A1 WO 2022170797A1 CN 2021129553 W CN2021129553 W CN 2021129553W WO 2022170797 A1 WO2022170797 A1 WO 2022170797A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
session
network element
plane network
user plane
clock synchronization
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PCT/CN2021/129553
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李汉成
朱强华
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022170797A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022170797A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and device.
  • the user plane NE can obtain the forwarding rule of the session matching the clock synchronization packet, and send the clock synchronization packet to the user equipment through the session according to the forwarding rule.
  • the clock synchronization packet comes from the clock source with the highest priority in the current network, and the clock source may be deployed on a user equipment side, that is, the user equipment can receive the clock synchronization packet from the clock source. In this case, if the user plane network element still sends the clock synchronization message to the user equipment, it will cause repeated transmission of the clock synchronization message, resulting in high communication overhead.
  • the present application provides a communication method and device, which solves the problem of large communication overhead when a user plane network element forwards a clock synchronization message.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which is applied to a first user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element obtains the first clock synchronization message, obtains the state information of the first session from the second user plane network element, and sends the state information of the first session to the control plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element receives the first forwarding rule from the control plane network element, and processes the first clock synchronization message according to the first forwarding rule.
  • the first forwarding rule is associated with state information of the first session.
  • the first user plane network element obtains the state information of the first session from the second user plane network element, and processes the first clock synchronization according to the forwarding rule associated with the state information of the first session dynamically configured by the control plane network element message, which can avoid repeated transmission of the first clock synchronization message, thereby saving communication overhead.
  • the first session is a session of the first user equipment, and state information of the first session is used to indicate that the first session is in a pending state.
  • the first forwarding rule includes an identifier of the second session and first indication information, where the first indication information is used to instruct to discard the first clock synchronization packet corresponding to the identifier of the second session, and the first The second session is in the receiving state.
  • the clock synchronization packet from the S port can not be forwarded to the P port. text, so as to save communication overhead.
  • the above-mentioned method for "obtaining the state information of the first session from the second user plane network element" may include: the first user plane network element receives data from the second user The state information of the plane network element and the identifier of the first session, and according to the identifier of the first session, it is determined that the state information is the state information of the first session.
  • the first user plane network element can determine the source address of the clock synchronization packet from the second user plane according to the source address of the clock synchronization packet.
  • the state information received by the plane network element is the state information of the first session.
  • the communication method provided by the present application may further include: the first user plane network element receives the second clock synchronization message from the first session, and sends the second clock synchronization message to the second The source address or destination address of the clock synchronization packet is replaced with the address of the first session, and the processed second clock synchronization packet is sent to the second user plane network element or internal interface.
  • the source address or destination address of the second clock synchronization packet is modified by the first user plane network element to the address of the first session, so that the second user plane network element can perceive which session the packet comes from, and thus determine the state information of the session. .
  • the communication method provided by the present application may further include: the first user plane network element determines a second forwarding rule of the first session, and the second forwarding rule includes a forwarding operation.
  • a rule forwarding action rule, FAR
  • the FAR includes access side indication information
  • the access side indication information is used to indicate that the second clock synchronization packet comes from the access side.
  • the present application provides a communication device, the communication device including each module for executing the communication method of the above first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the above first aspect.
  • the present application provides a communication device including a memory and a processor.
  • the memory and the processor are coupled.
  • the memory is used to store computer program code including computer instructions.
  • the communication apparatus performs the communication method as in the first aspect and any of its possible implementations.
  • the present application provides a chip system, which is applied to a communication device.
  • a chip system includes one or more interface circuits, and one or more processors.
  • the interface circuit and the processor are interconnected by wires; the interface circuit is used to receive signals from the memory of the communication device and send signals to the processor, the signals including computer instructions stored in the memory.
  • the communication apparatus executes the computer instructions, the communication apparatus performs the communication method as in the first aspect and any of its possible implementations.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium comprising computer instructions, when the computer instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is made to perform the first aspect and any one of its possibilities. Implementation of the communication method.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer instructions that, when the computer instructions are run on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform communication as in the first aspect and any possible implementations thereof method.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which is applied to a second user plane network element.
  • the second user plane network element acquires the identifier of the first session, determines the state information of the first session, and sends the state information of the first session and the identifier of the first session to the first user plane network element, or, according to the first session
  • the state information forwards the first clock synchronization message and the identifier of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element reports the session state information to the control plane network element, so that the control plane network element can configure a dynamic downlink forwarding rule for the first user plane network element, and the first user plane network element can configure the dynamic downlink forwarding rule according to the dynamic forwarding rule.
  • the control plane network element can configure a dynamic downlink forwarding rule for the first user plane network element
  • the first user plane network element can configure the dynamic downlink forwarding rule according to the dynamic forwarding rule.
  • the above-mentioned method for "obtaining the identifier of the first session” may include: the second user plane network element receives a second clock synchronization report from the first user plane network element. message, and the second clock synchronization message includes the identifier of the first session.
  • the above method for "obtaining the identifier of the first session” may include: the second user plane network element receives the identifier of the first session from the control plane network element.
  • the communication method provided by the present application may further include: the second user plane network element determines a first forwarding rule for the second session, where the first forwarding rule includes the first forwarding rule.
  • the first FAR includes the identity of the second session.
  • the second user plane network element can perceive the identifier of the session from the internal interface.
  • the communication method provided by the present application may further include: the second user plane network element modifies the address of the first clock synchronization packet to the address of the first session, and send the processed first clock synchronization message to the access side.
  • the destination address of the packet can be modified to the session address of the user equipment, and then the first user plane network element or internal interface can be modified to a fixed address, realizing the group session. Cooperation with the session of the user equipment.
  • the communication method provided by the present application may further include: the second user plane network element determines a second forwarding rule for the third session, and the second forwarding rule includes the second forwarding rule.
  • the second FAR includes the identifier of the first session
  • the state information of the first session is used to indicate that the first session is in a sending state or a pending state
  • the third session is a group session.
  • the second user plane network element forwards the clock synchronization message
  • the internal interface mechanism can be used, the identifier of the first session is indicated in the rule, which realizes the cooperation between the group session and the session of the user equipment.
  • the present application provides a communication apparatus, the communication apparatus including each module for executing the communication method of the seventh aspect or any possible implementation manner of the seventh aspect.
  • the present application provides a communication device including a memory and a processor.
  • the memory and the processor are coupled.
  • the memory is used to store computer program code including computer instructions.
  • the communication apparatus executes the communication method of the seventh aspect and any of its possible implementations.
  • the present application provides a chip system, which is applied to a communication device.
  • a chip system includes one or more interface circuits, and one or more processors.
  • the interface circuit and the processor are interconnected by wires; the interface circuit is used to receive signals from the memory of the communication device and send signals to the processor, the signals including computer instructions stored in the memory.
  • the communication apparatus executes the communication method of the seventh aspect and any of its possible implementations.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium comprising computer instructions, when the computer instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is made to perform the seventh aspect and any one of its possibilities.
  • the communication method of the implementation
  • the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer instructions, when the computer instructions are run on a communication device, the communication device is made to perform the seventh aspect and any of its possible implementations. communication method.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which is applied to a user equipment.
  • the user equipment receives the clock synchronization packet from the clock source, replaces the source address or destination address of the clock synchronization packet with the address of the first session, and sends the processed clock synchronization packet to the first user plane network element.
  • the user equipment modifies the source address or destination address of the second clock synchronization packet to the address of the first session, so that the second user plane network element can perceive which session the packet comes from, and thus determine the state information of the session.
  • the present application provides a communication device, the communication device including each module for executing the communication method of the above thirteenth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the above thirteenth aspect.
  • the present application provides a communication device including a memory and a processor.
  • the memory and the processor are coupled.
  • the memory is used to store computer program code including computer instructions.
  • the communication apparatus executes the communication method of the thirteenth aspect and any of its possible implementations.
  • the present application provides a chip system, which is applied to a communication device.
  • a chip system includes one or more interface circuits, and one or more processors.
  • the interface circuit and the processor are interconnected by wires; the interface circuit is used to receive signals from the memory of the communication device and send signals to the processor, the signals including computer instructions stored in the memory.
  • the communication apparatus executes the communication method of the thirteenth aspect and any of its possible implementations.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium comprising computer instructions, when the computer instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is caused to perform the thirteenth aspect and any one thereof Communication methods of possible implementations.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer instructions, when the computer instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device is made to perform the thirteenth aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof communication method.
  • the present application provides a communication system, the communication system comprising: a first user plane network element that executes the communication method as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof; The second user plane network element of the communication method in any possible implementation manner, the user equipment performing the communication method according to the thirteenth aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof, and a control plane network element.
  • FIG. 1 is one of schematic diagrams of scenarios for optimal clock source selection provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of an optimal clock source selection scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the generation of a clock synchronization ecological tree provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a forwarding principle of a clock synchronization message provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7a is one of the schematic diagrams of the internal interface provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7b is the second schematic diagram of the internal interface provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7c is a third schematic diagram of an internal interface provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is one of the schematic flowcharts of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is the second schematic flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a third schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a fourth schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is one of schematic structural diagrams of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a second schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a third schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • a feature defined as “first” or “second” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
  • plural means two or more.
  • Protocol 1588 and 802.1AS define a clock synchronization mechanism, which can realize high-precision clock synchronization between network devices and clock sources.
  • the protocol 1588 supports multiple clock domains, that is, the network device can synchronize multiple clocks, and different clock domains are distinguished by the identifiers of the clock domains.
  • protocol 1588 or 802.1AS supports selecting an optimal clock source for synchronization in the same clock domain.
  • the master clock source will publish its own clock source information, and the slave node determines the optimal clock source according to the received master clock source information.
  • the first clock source sends its own clock source information to each slave node, and the slave node determines that the first clock source is optimal according to the received information of the first clock source. clock source.
  • the second clock source can receive the information of the first clock source from the first clock source, and determine that the priority of the second clock source is higher than that of the first clock source class. Afterwards, the second clock source may issue a clock source declaration, where the clock source declaration includes parameters such as priority, identification, and precision of the second clock source. The slave node determines that the second clock source is the optimal clock source according to the received clock source declaration.
  • the slave node After the slave node determines the optimal clock source, it can forward the information of the optimal clock source to the downstream devices of the slave node, and perform clock synchronization.
  • the slave node after receiving the optimal clock source declaration, the slave node can ignore the information of the clock source with lower priority, and only forward the optimal clock source declaration to the neighboring device.
  • the clock synchronization message may include a clock source declaration and a synchronization message, or may include a clock source declaration, or may include a synchronization message.
  • the clock synchronization message may be encapsulated by Ethernet or an internet protocol (Internet protocol, IP), and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the encapsulation mode used for the clock synchronization message herein.
  • the destination media access control (MAC) address of the clock synchronization packet is fixed 01-80-c2-00-00-0e, and the Ethernet type is 0x88F7.
  • the network device determines the status of each port according to the clock source declaration received by each port, so that the entire network forms a clock synchronization spanning tree.
  • the ports on the device include: M port (master port), P port (passive port), and S port (slave port).
  • the state of the M port is the sending state, which is used to send a clock synchronization message to the downstream device.
  • the state of the S port is the receiving state, which is used to receive clock synchronization packets and perform clock synchronization.
  • the state of the P port is the pending state, which is used for not processing clock synchronization packets.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a clock-synchronized spanning tree.
  • the network device receives the clock source declaration sent by the clock source through a port.
  • the port is determined as the S port, and then The network device synchronizes the clock from this port to the optimal clock source.
  • the network device determines the S port, it can determine other ports as the M port, and forward the clock source declaration to other devices through the M port, and forward the synchronization message, so that other devices can synchronize the clock.
  • the network device When a loop occurs in the network, the network device not only receives the clock source declaration from the S port, but also receives the clock source declaration from other ports (such as the two other devices on the left and right sides of the network device in Figure 3). In this case, the network device may determine other ports that receive the clock source declaration as P ports. In this way, the network device does not process the clock source declaration and synchronization messages received through the P port, so as to avoid loops in the network and cause excessive forwarding of clock source declaration and synchronization messages, thereby reducing communication overhead.
  • a forwarding rule is configured in the UPF, and the forwarding rule includes a packet detection rule (PDR) and a forwarding action rule (FAR) corresponding to the PDR.
  • the PDR is used to detect and identify packets
  • the FAR corresponding to the PDR is used to instruct to process the packets matched by the PDR.
  • the forwarding rule may be a configuration for a session of a certain user equipment, or a configuration for a group session.
  • the UPF when the UPF receives a clock synchronization packet, it can match the clock synchronization packet according to the rules in the PDR of the session.
  • the rules in the PDR include: the interface that receives the clock synchronization packet (the interface uses the To indicate that the message comes from the access side, or the network side or internal interface), message characteristics (such as address information in the message), etc.
  • the UPF determines that the PDR of a session matches the clock synchronization packet, it can use the FAR corresponding to the PDR to process the packet.
  • the UPF can add a general packet radio system (GPRS) tunneling protocol user plane (GTP-U) header to the clock synchronization packet according to the instruction of the FAR, and then forward the clock synchronization packet to the access-side session. or, after removing the GTP-U header of the clock synchronization packet, forward the clock synchronization packet to the network side, etc.
  • GPRS general packet radio system
  • GTP-U tunneling protocol user plane
  • FIG. 5 shows a structure of the communication system.
  • the communication system may include: user equipment 51 , access equipment (access node or radio access node, AN or RAN) 52 and core network equipment 53 .
  • the user equipment 51 may be a mobile terminal device, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" telephone) and a computer with a mobile terminal device, or it may be portable, pocket-sized, hand-held, computer built-in or Onboard mobile devices that exchange language and/or data with the RAN.
  • a mobile terminal device such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" telephone) and a computer with a mobile terminal device, or it may be portable, pocket-sized, hand-held, computer built-in or Onboard mobile devices that exchange language and/or data with the RAN.
  • the user equipment 51 may be: a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality device (augmented reality, AR) equipment, wireless terminal equipment in industrial control (wireless terminal equipment in industrial control), wireless terminal equipment in self-driving (self driving), wireless terminal equipment in remote medical surgery (remote medical surgery), smart grid (smart grid) ), wireless terminal equipment in transportation safety, wireless terminal equipment in smart city, wireless terminal equipment in smart home, etc.
  • a mobile phone mobile phone
  • a tablet computer a notebook computer
  • a palmtop computer a mobile internet device (MID)
  • MID mobile internet device
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality device
  • wireless terminal equipment in industrial control wireless terminal equipment in industrial control
  • wireless terminal equipment in self-driving self driving
  • wireless terminal equipment in remote medical surgery remote medical surgery
  • smart grid smart grid
  • the access device 52 is a device in the communication system that accesses the user equipment 51 to the wireless network.
  • the access device 52 is a node in the radio access network, which may be referred to as a base station, and may also be referred to as a RAN or AN node or device.
  • some access devices 52 may be: gNB, transmission reception point (TRP), evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B ( node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved node B, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (base band unit, BBU), etc.
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • eNB evolved node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B, NB
  • base station controller BSC
  • base transceiver station base transceiver station
  • BTS home base station
  • home base station for example, home evolved node B, or home node B, HNB
  • baseband unit base band unit
  • the core network equipment 53 includes user plane network elements and control plane network elements.
  • the user plane network element is mainly responsible for packet data packet forwarding, quality of service (quality of service, QoS) control, charging information statistics and so on.
  • the control plane network element is mainly responsible for the interaction of business processes, delivering data packet forwarding policies and QoS control policies to the user plane network elements.
  • control plane network elements involved in the embodiments of the present application mainly include network capability exposure function (NEF) network elements, application function (application function, AF) network elements, and session management function (session management function, SMF) network elements etc.
  • the involved user plane network elements are user plane function (user plane function, UPF) network elements.
  • the NEF network element is used to provide wireless network capability opening functions to external networks or applications, such as obtaining wireless network requirements from third parties, or providing wireless network capabilities and states to third parties.
  • the AF network element is used as a third-party network element to interact with the wireless network, such as providing communication requirements to the wireless network, or acquiring the wireless network capability and status from the wireless network.
  • SMF network element used to manage the creation and deletion of protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) sessions, and maintain PDU session context and user plane network element forwarding pipe information.
  • protocol data unit protocol data unit
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the UPF network element is used to forward and process user data packets, such as receiving data packets from DNs, and forwarding them to users through user sessions.
  • FIG. 5 shows the communication interfaces between functional network elements, such as N1, N2, N3, N4, N6, etc.
  • the functions of each communication interface are as follows:
  • N1 A communication interface between the user equipment 51 and the control plane network element AMF, used to transmit network attached storage (Network Attached Storage, NAS) signaling.
  • network attached storage Network Attached Storage, NAS
  • N2 a communication interface between the access device 52 and the control plane network element AMF.
  • N3 a communication interface between the access device 52 and the user plane network element UPF, used for transmitting user data.
  • N4 A communication interface between the network element SMF of the control plane and the network element UPF of the user plane, which is used to perform policy configuration on the UPF.
  • N6 The communication interface between the user plane network element UPF and the data network (DN).
  • FIG. 6 shows a simplified schematic diagram of a system suitable for the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the system may include: a plurality of user equipments 61 , a first user plane network element 62 , a second user plane network element 63 , a control plane network element 64 and a clock source 65 .
  • the multiple user equipments 61 include four user equipments, which are user equipment 1 , user equipment 2 , user equipment 3 , and user equipment 4 as an example for description.
  • the clock source 65 is deployed on the user equipment 3 and the user equipment 4 as an example for description.
  • the user equipment 61 may include a device side time sensitive network adapter (device side time sensitive network translator, DS-TT), and the DS-TT is used to implement the clock synchronization function of the user equipment 61 .
  • the clock synchronization message from the clock source can be received through the port on the DS-TT, and one port on the DS-TT can correspond to one session.
  • the user equipment 61 and the DS-TT may be deployed in one, or may be deployed separately, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the deployment manner of the user equipment 61 and the DS-TT included therein.
  • the first user plane network element 62 may be a UPF network element.
  • the second user plane network element 63 may be a network side TSN adapter network element (network side time sensitive network translator, NW-TT), and the NW-TT is used to implement the clock synchronization function of the UPF network element.
  • NW-TT network side time sensitive network translator
  • first user plane network element 62 and the second user plane network element 63 may be deployed in one unit or separately. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the deployment manner of the first user plane network element 62 and the second user plane network element 63 herein.
  • the control plane network element 64 is configured to receive the state information of the session from the first user plane network element 62 and send the forwarding rule of the session to the first user plane network element 62 .
  • the control plane network element 64 may be one or more of the SMF network element, the NEF network element, or the AF network element in FIG. 5 .
  • the clock source 65 is configured to send clock synchronization packets to the ports of the user equipment 3 and the user equipment 4 respectively after the user equipment 3 and the user equipment 4 go online.
  • the clock source 65 may be directly connected to the DS-TT, or may be connected to the DS-TT through other devices, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the direct connection between the clock source 65 and the DS-TT is taken as an example for illustration.
  • the clock source 65 is deployed on the user equipment 3 and the user equipment 4 as an example for description, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the deployment position of the clock source.
  • the clock source 65 can also be deployed on the DN side.
  • the plurality of user equipments 61 , the first user plane network element 62 , the second user plane network element 63 and the control plane network element 64 in FIG. 6 can be used as a switching node (or black box architecture) as a whole, and the whole is equivalent to FIG. 3 network equipment.
  • the status information of the port of the DS-TT in FIG. 6 can be determined.
  • the DS-TT included in the user equipment 3 receives the clock source declaration from the clock source 65 through the port, it can forward the clock source declaration to the first user plane network element 62 through the session corresponding to the port, and then the first user plane The network element 62 may forward the clock source declaration to the second user plane network element 63 .
  • the second user plane network element 63 selects the optimal clock source according to the received clock source declaration.
  • the second user plane network element 63 determines that the clock from the DS-TT of the user equipment 3 is the optimal clock source, it determines that the port corresponding to the DS-TT of the user equipment 3 is the S port, That is, the state information of the port is the received state, and other ports (such as the port of the second user plane network element 63, the port corresponding to the DS-TT of the user equipment 1, and the port corresponding to the DS-TT of the user equipment 2) are determined. It is the M port, and forwards the clock source declaration to the M port, and subsequently forwards the synchronization message of the DS-TT from the user equipment 3.
  • the user equipment 4 when the user equipment 4 goes online and the DS-TT of the user equipment 4 receives the clock source declaration from the clock source 65, it can forward the clock source declaration to the first user plane network element 62, and then the first user plane network element 62 is forwarded to the second user plane network element 63 .
  • the second user plane network element 63 determines the clock source in the clock source declaration of the DS-TT from the user equipment 4 and the existing optimal clock source (the one from the DS-TT of the user equipment 3) according to the optimal clock source selection algorithm. clock source) is the same clock source, and then the port corresponding to the DS-TT of the user equipment 4 is determined as the P port.
  • the second user plane network element 63 may forward or not forward the clock source declaration and synchronization message from the DS-TT of the user equipment 3 to the DS-TT of the user equipment 4.
  • an internal interface (internal interface) of the first user plane network element 62 is defined.
  • the internal interface is the communication interface of the first user plane network element 62 and the second user plane network element 63 . There are three ways to use the internal interface.
  • the internal interface is a logical interface inside the first user plane network element 62 .
  • the forwarding of the clock synchronization message between the first user plane network element 62 and the second user plane network element 63 may be implemented through the internal interface.
  • the session of the user equipment of the first user plane network element 62 can be configured, and the group session can be configured on the internal interface.
  • the source interface or the destination interface of the session is configured as an internal interface.
  • the second type does not forward the clock synchronization message through the internal interface, but forwards the clock synchronization message through the communication interface N6.
  • a session of the user equipment on the first user plane network element 62 may be configured, and the source interface or destination interface of the session is configured as N6.
  • the second user plane NE 63 is integrated with the internal interface, and the second user plane NE 63 may be a logical function in the internal interface, that is, the second user plane NE 63 It is deployed in one with the first user plane network element 62 .
  • the session of the user equipment of the first user plane network element 62 may be configured, and the group session may be configured on the internal interface.
  • the source interface or the destination interface of the session is configured as an internal interface.
  • the basic hardware structures of the user equipment 61 , the first user plane network element 62 , the second user plane network element 63 , and the control plane network element 64 are similar, and all include the elements included in the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the following takes the communication device shown in FIG. 8 as an example to introduce the hardware structures of the user equipment 61 , the first user plane network element 62 , the second user plane network element 63 , and the control plane network element 64 .
  • the communication device may include a processor 81 , a memory 82 , a communication interface 83 , and a bus 84 .
  • the processor 81 , the memory 82 and the communication interface 83 can be connected through a bus 84 .
  • the processor 81 is the control center of the communication device, and may be a processor or a general term for multiple processing elements.
  • the processor 81 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors or the like.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the processor 81 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU 0 and CPU 1 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the communication apparatus may include multiple processors, such as the processor 81 and the processor 85 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • processors can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU).
  • a processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer instructions).
  • the memory 82 may be read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of static storage device that can store information and instructions
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • a dynamic storage device that can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a magnetic disk storage medium, or other magnetic storage device, or can be used to carry or store instructions or data structures in the form of desired program code and any other medium that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or can be used to carry or store instructions or data structures in the form of desired program code and any other medium that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory 82 may exist independently of the processor 81, and the memory 82 may be connected to the processor 81 through a bus 84 for storing instructions or program codes.
  • the processor 81 calls and executes the instructions or program codes stored in the memory 82, the communication methods provided by the following embodiments of the present application can be implemented.
  • the memory 82 may also be integrated with the processor 81 .
  • the communication interface 83 is used for connecting the communication device and other devices through a communication network, and the communication network can be Ethernet, RAN, wireless local area networks (wireless local area networks, WLAN) and the like.
  • the communication interface 83 may include a receiving unit for receiving data, and a transmitting unit for transmitting data.
  • the bus 84 may be an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus, or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus or the like.
  • ISA industry standard architecture
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 8, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 8 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device.
  • the communication device may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or a combination of certain some components, or a different arrangement of components.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, and the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the communication method provided by this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps 901 to 916 .
  • the user equipment sends a second clock synchronization packet to the first user plane network element through the first session.
  • the DS-TT port of the user equipment can receive the second clock synchronization packet sent by the clock source.
  • the user equipment may send the second clock synchronization packet to the first user plane network element through the first session corresponding to the port.
  • the first user plane network element receives the second clock synchronization packet from the first session.
  • the first user plane network element replaces the source address or the destination address of the second clock synchronization packet with the address of the first session.
  • the first user plane network element may determine the second forwarding rule of the first session. For example, the first user plane network element may determine the PDR of the first session that matches the second clock synchronization packet, and obtain the FAR corresponding to the PDR, and the second forwarding rule includes the PDR and the FAR corresponding to the PDR.
  • the FAR includes the address of the first session and indication information, where the indication information is used to instruct to replace the source address or destination address of the second clock synchronization packet with the address of the first session. In this way, the first user plane network element can replace the source address or destination address of the second clock synchronization packet with the address of the first session according to the FAR.
  • the address of the first session may be the MAC address of the first session, or may be an address generated according to other identifiers of the first session or an identifier of a port corresponding to the first session.
  • the first user plane network element may not replace the source address or destination address in the second clock synchronization packet, but may indicate the identifier of the first session in the FAR of the second forwarding rule, which is used to send internal
  • the interface or the second user plane network element indicates the session corresponding to the second clock synchronization packet.
  • the identifier of the first session may be an address of the first session, or a port identifier corresponding to the first session, or the like.
  • the FAR included in the second forwarding rule further includes access side indication information, where the access side indication information is used to indicate that the second clock synchronization packet comes from the access side.
  • the access side indication information is used to indicate that the second clock synchronization packet comes from the access side.
  • the first user plane network element sends the processed second clock synchronization packet to the second user plane network element or the internal interface.
  • the FAR included in the second forwarding rule in the foregoing step 903 further includes: the destination interface is N6 or an internal interface, and the first user plane network element can send the processed second clock synchronization message to the destination interface.
  • the second user plane network element receives the processed second clock synchronization packet from the first user plane network element.
  • the second user plane network element acquires the identifier of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element receives the After the processed second clock synchronization packet, the identifier of the first session may be acquired according to the address of the first session in the second clock synchronization packet.
  • the identifier of the first session may be the address of the first session, or may be other identifiers of the first session used to generate the address of the first session, or may be an identifier of a port corresponding to the first session.
  • the second user plane network element may determine the identifier of the first session through the indication of the first user plane network element or the internal interface, and the indication of the first user plane network element or the internal interface may be implemented by an internal mechanism.
  • the indication of the internal interface may be an identifier indicating the first session in the FAR of the group session rule on the internal interface.
  • the second user plane network element may also receive all clock synchronization messages from the control plane network element.
  • the identifier of the session including the identifier of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element can obtain the identifiers of all sessions in the following three ways.
  • Mode 1 When creating a user session, the SMF network element sends the identifiers of all sessions to the first user plane network element through the N4 interface between the SMF network element and the first user plane network element (UPF network element). The first user The plane network element sends the identifiers of all sessions (the identifiers may be the MAC addresses of the sessions) to the second user plane network element through the internal interface.
  • the SMF network element sends the identifiers of all sessions to the first user plane network element through the N4 interface between the SMF network element and the first user plane network element (UPF network element).
  • the first user The plane network element sends the identifiers of all sessions (the identifiers may be the MAC addresses of the sessions) to the second user plane network element through the internal interface.
  • Mode 2 when the first user plane network element creates a user session, it will allocate the identifier of the corresponding DS-TT port for each session, and send the identifiers of all sessions to the second user plane network element through the internal interface (the identifier It can be the identifier of the port corresponding to the session).
  • Mode 3 The NEF network element or the AF network element sends the identifiers of all sessions to the second user plane network element through the SMF network element and the first user plane network element (the identifiers may be the MAC address of the session and the identifier of the port corresponding to the session) .
  • the second user plane network element determines state information of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element After receiving the processed second clock synchronization packet from the first user plane network element, the second user plane network element can declare the indicated clock source according to the clock source included in the second clock synchronization packet, which is the same as the previous most recent clock source.
  • the superior clock source compares, and according to the comparison result, determines the state information of the first session. If the priority of the clock source of the second clock synchronization packet is higher than the priority of the previous optimal clock source, the state information of the first session is determined to be used to indicate that the first session is in the receiving state, that is, the corresponding The port of the DS-TT of the user equipment is the S terminal.
  • the state information of the first session is determined to be used to indicate that the first session is in the sending state, that is, the corresponding The port of the DS-TT of the user equipment is the M terminal. If the clock source of the second clock synchronization packet is the same as the previous optimal clock source, it is determined that the state information of the first session is used to indicate that the first session is in a pending state, that is, the DS-TT of the user equipment corresponding to the first session The port is the P terminal.
  • the state information of the first session may also be configured by the network element of the control plane to the network element of the second user plane, or the state information of the first session may also be pre-configured in the network element of the second user plane.
  • This embodiment does not limit the implementation manner in which the second user plane network element determines the state information of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element when the second user plane network element receives the identifiers of all sessions from the control plane network element, the second user plane network element can determine the status of each session in all the sessions information.
  • the second user plane network element sends the state information of the first session and the identifier of the first session to the first user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element receives the state information of the first session and the identifier of the first session from the second user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element sends state information of the first session to the control plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element may determine the N4 interface used for sending the state information of the first session according to the identifier of the first session, and use the determined N4 interface.
  • the N4 interface sends the state information of the first session to the SMF network element.
  • the first user plane network element may also send the state information of the first session through a device granular interface between the first user plane network element and the SMF network element.
  • the SMF network element may also report the state information of the first session to the NEF network element or the AF network element.
  • the second user plane network element may report the first session via the first user plane network element.
  • the state of the session is either the received state or the pending state. The second user plane network element cannot determine the status of other sessions, so it does not report.
  • the second user plane network element may report the status information of all sessions via the first user plane network element, or may not report the status information of the reception status. Session, only the session in sending state and pending state is reported.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited herein.
  • the control plane network element receives state information of the first session from the first user plane network element.
  • the control plane network element determines a first forwarding rule according to the state information of the first session.
  • the first session is a session of the first user equipment. If the state information of the first session is used to indicate that the first session is in a receiving state, the first forwarding rule is not configured, or the first forwarding rule is configured.
  • the first forwarding rule includes: the PDR indicates that the clock synchronization message is matched from the N6 or the internal interface, and the FAR indicates that the message is discarded. If the state information of the first session is used to indicate that the first session is in the sending state, configure a first forwarding rule, where the first forwarding rule includes: PDR indicates that the clock synchronization packet is matched from the N6 or internal interface, and FAR indicates that the clock synchronization packet is forwarded message.
  • the forwarding rule may be configured according to the received state, or the forwarding rule may be configured according to the sent state.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited herein.
  • the first session is a session of the first user equipment. If the state information of the first session is used to indicate that the first session is in a pending state, the first forwarding rule includes an identifier of the second session and first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the discard corresponds to the identifier of the second session The first clock synchronization packet of the second session is in the receiving state.
  • the first forwarding rule includes: the PDR indicates that the clock synchronization packet is matched from the N6 or the internal interface, the identifier of the first session, and the indication information , and the indication information is used to instruct to discard the first clock synchronization packet corresponding to the identifier of the first session.
  • discarding the packet refers to: not matching the packet, ignoring the packet, discarding or not forwarding the packet.
  • the indication information may be included in the PDR of the forwarding rule, or may be included in the FAR.
  • the first forwarding rule may be determined by the AF network element or the NEF network element, and sent to the first user plane network element via the SMF network element. It is also possible that an SMF network element determines the first forwarding rule and sends it to the first user plane network element.
  • the control plane network element sends the first forwarding rule to the first user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element receives the first forwarding rule from the control plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element acquires the first clock synchronization packet.
  • the first clock synchronization packet may be sent to the first user plane network element after the second clock synchronization packet is processed by the second user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element processes the first clock synchronization packet according to the first forwarding rule.
  • the first user plane network element may discard the first clock synchronization packet when it is determined that there is no PDR matching the first clock synchronization packet.
  • the source address or destination address of the second clock synchronization packet is modified by the first user plane network element to the address of the first session, so that the second user plane network element can perceive which session the packet comes from, and thus determine the session's address. status information.
  • the second user plane network element reports the session state information to the control plane network element, so that the control plane network element can configure a dynamic downlink forwarding rule for the first user plane network element, and the first user plane network element can configure the dynamic downlink forwarding rule according to the dynamic forwarding rule.
  • the communication method provided by this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps 1001 to 1017 .
  • a user equipment receives a second clock synchronization packet from a clock source.
  • the user equipment replaces the source address or destination address of the second clock synchronization packet with the address of the first session.
  • step 1002 For the detailed description of step 1002, reference may be made to the relevant description of the replacement address of the first user plane network element in step 903 in another embodiment, and details are not repeated here.
  • the source address or destination address of the second clock synchronization packet may be replaced by DS-TT in the user equipment, or the address may be replaced by other components of the user equipment.
  • the user equipment sends a second clock synchronization packet to the first user plane network element through the first session.
  • the first user plane network element receives the second clock synchronization packet from the first session.
  • steps 1003-1004 reference may be made to the above-mentioned steps 901-902 accordingly.
  • the first user plane network element sends a second clock synchronization packet to the second user plane network element or the internal interface.
  • the second user plane network element receives the second clock synchronization packet from the first user plane network element.
  • the second user plane network element acquires the identifier of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element determines state information of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element sends the state information of the first session and the identifier of the first session to the first user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element receives the state information of the first session and the identifier of the first session from the second user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element sends state information of the first session to the control plane network element.
  • the control plane network element receives state information of the first session from the first user plane network element.
  • the control plane network element determines a first forwarding rule according to the state information of the first session.
  • the control plane network element sends the first forwarding rule to the first user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element receives the first forwarding rule from the control plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element acquires a first clock synchronization packet.
  • the first user plane network element processes the first clock synchronization packet according to the first forwarding rule.
  • Steps 1005-1017 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 904-916 accordingly.
  • the user equipment modifies the source address or destination address of the second clock synchronization packet to the address of the first session, so that the second user plane network element can perceive which session the packet comes from, and thus determine the state information of the session.
  • the second user plane network element reports the session state information to the control plane network element, so that the control plane network element can configure a dynamic downlink forwarding rule for the first user plane network element, and the first user plane network element can configure the dynamic downlink forwarding rule according to the dynamic forwarding rule.
  • the communication method provided by this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps 1101 to 1116 .
  • the user equipment sends a second clock synchronization packet to the first user plane network element through the first session.
  • the first user plane network element receives the second clock synchronization packet from the first session.
  • Steps 1101 to 1102 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 901 to 902 accordingly.
  • the first user plane network element sends a second clock synchronization packet to the second user plane network element or the internal interface.
  • the second user plane network element receives the second clock synchronization packet from the first user plane network element.
  • Steps 1103 to 1104 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 904 and 905 accordingly.
  • the second user plane network element acquires the identifier of the first session.
  • the identifier of the first session is the source address in the second clock synchronization packet.
  • the second user plane network element does not receive all session identifiers from the control plane network element.
  • the second user plane network element determines status information.
  • the second user plane NE cannot obtain the MAC address of the first session or the port identifier corresponding to the first session after receiving the second clock synchronization packet, it cannot obtain which session the second clock synchronization packet comes from.
  • the state information of this session can be determined.
  • the second user plane network element sends the status information and the identifier of the first session to the first user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element receives the status information and the identifier of the first session from the second user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element determines, according to the identifier of the first session, that the state information is the state information of the first session.
  • the first user plane network element After receiving the status information and the source address of the second clock synchronization packet, the first user plane network element can look up the record of which session the packet with the source address was transmitted by, that is, look up the correspondence between the source address and the identifier of the session, to It is determined that the received state information is state information of the first session.
  • the first user plane network element sends state information of the first session to the control plane network element.
  • the control plane network element receives state information of the first session from the first user plane network element.
  • the control plane network element determines a first forwarding rule according to the state information of the first session.
  • the control plane network element sends the first forwarding rule to the first user plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element receives the first forwarding rule from the control plane network element.
  • the first user plane network element acquires the first clock synchronization packet.
  • the first user plane network element processes the first clock synchronization packet according to the first forwarding rule.
  • Steps 1110-1116 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 910-916 accordingly.
  • the second user plane network element when the second user plane network element sends the state information and the source address of the clock synchronization packet to the first user plane network element, the state information of the session is determined by the second user plane network element, and the The network element determines which session the state information belongs to, and then reports the state information of the session to the control plane network element, so that the control plane network element can configure dynamic downlink forwarding rules for the first user plane network element.
  • the network element forwards the clock synchronization message according to the dynamic forwarding rule, repeated transmission of the clock synchronization message can be avoided.
  • the communication method provided by this embodiment of the present application may include the following steps 1201-1203. It should be noted that, before step 1201 is executed, the above steps 901-907, or steps 1001-1008, or steps 1101-1106 may be executed first, so that the second user plane network element obtains the data of the first session. Identifies and determines the state information of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element forwards the first clock synchronization packet and the identifier of the first session according to the state information of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element may send the first clock synchronization report to the first user plane network element under the condition that the first session is determined to be in the pending state or the sending state. arts.
  • the identifier of the first session is the address of the first session
  • the second user plane network element may modify the source address or destination address of the first clock synchronization packet to the address of the first session, and send the The incoming side sends the processed first clock synchronization packet.
  • the second user plane network element when sending the first clock synchronization packet to the first user plane network element, indicates the identifier of the first session through an internal mechanism, and the identifier of the first session may be the first session address, or the identifier of the port corresponding to the first session, etc.
  • the second user plane network element may match the first clock synchronization packet with the forwarding rule in the internal interface.
  • the second forwarding rule of the third session includes an identifier of the first session, and the first session is a session of the user equipment.
  • the second user plane network element may modify the source address or destination address of the first clock synchronization packet to the address of the first session according to the second forwarding rule, and send the processed first clock synchronization packet to the access side.
  • the second forwarding rule may be generated and configured to the third session after the network element of the control plane determines the state information of the first session.
  • the second user plane network element may match the first clock synchronization packet with the forwarding rule in the internal interface.
  • the second forwarding rule of the third session is determined, the second forwarding rule includes the second FAR, the second FAR includes the identifier of the first session, and the state information of the first session is used to indicate that the first session is sending status or pending status.
  • the second forwarding rule may be generated and configured to the third session after the network element of the control plane determines the state information of the first session.
  • the first user plane network element receives the first clock synchronization packet and the identifier of the first session.
  • step 1201 when the second user plane network element modifies the destination address or source address of the first clock synchronization packet, the first user plane network element can The destination address or source address determines the identity of the first session.
  • the forwarding rule of the first session configured in the first user plane network element may include a PDR, and the PDR includes an identifier of the first session, so as to realize the communication between the first session and the second user.
  • the first user plane network element forwards the first clock synchronization packet.
  • the destination address of the packet can be changed to the session address of the user equipment, and then the first user plane network element or internal interface can be modified to a fixed address, or the internal interface mechanism can be used.
  • the identifier of the first session is indicated in the rule, which realizes the cooperation between the group session and the session of the user equipment, and can avoid repeated transmission of packets.
  • the second user plane network element may also determine the first forwarding rule of the second session.
  • the first forwarding rule includes the first FAR
  • the first FAR includes the identifier of the second session.
  • the second session is a group session
  • the first forwarding rule is configured on the internal interface
  • the identifier of the second session included in the first FAR is used for matching with the PDR of the session of the user equipment.
  • the second user plane network element can perceive the identifier of the session from the internal interface.
  • the PDR of the forwarding rule may include clock domain information, so that the user equipment implements different forwarding rules in different clock domains.
  • the information of the clock domain may be configured on the first user plane network element and/or the second user plane network element when the control plane network element configures the forwarding rule.
  • the forwarding rule in the first user plane network element involved in the embodiment of the present application may be configured by the control plane network element on the first user plane network element.
  • the above communication methods in FIGS. 9 to 12 include forwarding of uplink clock synchronization messages and forwarding of downlink clock synchronization messages.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application mainly involves the forwarding of the downlink clock synchronization packet, and does not limit the execution of the forwarding of the uplink clock synchronization packet.
  • the second user plane network element after receiving the clock synchronization packet, can determine the port on the second user plane network element side It is the S port, and the destination address of the clock synchronization packet is modified. After that, the second user plane network element sends the clock synchronization message to the first user plane network element, and indicates the identifier of the session that sends the downlink packet.
  • the first session when the uplink clock synchronization message is transmitted through the first session, the first session may be in a pending state, a sending state, or a receiving state.
  • the downlink clock synchronization message is forwarded through the first session.
  • the first session is in the receiving state, the downlink clock synchronization message is not forwarded through the first session. Therefore, the above-mentioned embodiments of FIG. 9 to FIG. 12 involve the case of forwarding the downlink clock synchronization message through the first session, and the first session is a session in a sending state or a pending state.
  • FIG. 13 a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus 130 provided by an embodiment of the present application is provided.
  • the communication apparatus 130 is applied to the first user plane network element and is used to execute the communication methods shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 .
  • the communication device 130 may include an obtaining unit 131 , a sending unit 132 , a receiving unit 133 and a processing unit 134 .
  • the obtaining unit 131 is configured to obtain the first clock synchronization packet; obtain the state information of the first session from the second user plane network element. For example, with reference to FIG. 9 , the obtaining unit 131 may be used to perform step 915 , with reference to FIG. 10 , the obtaining unit 131 may be used to perform step 1016 , and with reference to FIG. 11 , the obtaining unit 131 may be used to perform step 1115 .
  • the sending unit 132 is configured to send the state information of the first session obtained by the obtaining unit 131 to the network element of the control plane. For example, with reference to FIG. 9 , the sending unit 132 can be used to perform step 910 , with reference to FIG.
  • the sending unit 132 can be used to perform step 1011 , with reference to FIG. 11 , the sending unit 132 can be used to perform step 1110 .
  • the receiving unit 133 is configured to receive the first forwarding rule from the network element of the control plane, where the first forwarding rule is associated with the state information of the first session. For example, with reference to FIG. 9 , the receiving unit 133 may be used to perform step 914 , with reference to FIG. 10 , the receiving unit 133 may be used to perform step 1015 , with reference to FIG. 11 , the receiving unit 133 may be used to perform step 1114 .
  • the processing unit 134 is configured to process the first clock synchronization packet obtained by the obtaining unit 131 according to the first forwarding rule received by the receiving unit 133 .
  • processing unit 134 may be used to perform step 916 in connection with FIG. 9
  • processing unit 134 may be used to perform step 1017 in connection with FIG. 10
  • processing unit 134 may be used to perform step 1116 in connection with FIG.
  • the first session is a session of the first user equipment, and the state information of the first session is used to indicate that the first session is in a pending state.
  • the first forwarding rule includes an identifier of the second session and first indication information, where the first indication information is used to instruct to discard the first clock synchronization packet corresponding to the identifier of the second session, and the first The second session is in the receiving state.
  • the obtaining unit 131 is specifically configured to receive the status information from the second user plane network element and the identifier of the first session; and determine the status information as the status information of the first session according to the identifier of the first session.
  • the receiving unit 133 is further configured to receive a second clock synchronization packet from the first session.
  • the receiving unit 133 may be used to perform step 902
  • the receiving unit 133 may be used to perform step 1004
  • the receiving unit 133 may be used to perform step 1102 .
  • the communication device 130 may further include a replacement unit 135 .
  • the replacing unit 135 is configured to replace the source address or the destination address of the second clock synchronization packet received by the receiving unit 133 with the address of the first session.
  • the replacement unit 135 may be used to perform step 903 .
  • the sending unit 132 is further configured to send the second clock synchronization packet processed by the replacement unit 135 to the second user plane network element or the internal interface.
  • the sending unit 132 may be configured to perform step 904 .
  • the communication apparatus 130 may further include a determination unit 136 .
  • the determining unit 136 is configured to determine a second forwarding rule of the first session, the second forwarding rule includes FAR, the FAR includes access side indication information, and the access side indication information is used to indicate that the second clock synchronization packet comes from the access side.
  • the communication apparatus 130 provided in this embodiment of the present application includes, but is not limited to, the foregoing modules.
  • the acquiring unit 131 , the processing unit 134 , the replacing unit 135 , and the determining unit 136 may be implemented by the processor of the communication apparatus shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the sending unit 132 and the receiving unit 133 may be implemented by the communication interface of the communication device shown in FIG. 8 .
  • Another embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions are executed on the first user plane network element, the first user plane network element executes the computer instructions.
  • a chip system includes one or more interface circuits, and one or more processors.
  • the interface circuit and the processor are interconnected by wires.
  • the interface circuit is configured to receive signals from the memory of the first user plane network element and send signals to the processor, the signals including computer instructions stored in the memory.
  • the processor executes the computer instruction, the first user plane network element executes each step performed by the first user plane network element in the method flow shown in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • a computer program product is also provided.
  • the computer program product includes computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions When the computer instructions are executed on the first user plane network element, the first user plane network element executes the above method. Each step performed by the first user plane network element in the method flow shown in the example.
  • FIG. 15 a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus 150 provided by an embodiment of the present application is provided.
  • the communication apparatus 150 is applied to a second user plane network element and is used to execute the communication methods shown in FIGS. 9-12 .
  • the communication apparatus 150 may include an acquisition unit 151 , a determination unit 152 and a transmission unit 153 .
  • the obtaining unit 151 is configured to obtain the identifier of the first session. For example, with reference to FIG. 9 , the obtaining unit 151 can be used to perform step 906, with reference to FIG. 10, the obtaining unit 151 can be used to perform step 1007, with reference to FIG. 11, the obtaining unit 151 can be used to perform step 1105.
  • the determining unit 152 is configured to determine the state information of the first session. For example, with reference to FIG. 9 , the determination unit 152 may be used to perform step 907 , with reference to FIG. 10 , the determination unit 152 may be used to perform step 1008 , with reference to FIG. 11 , the determination unit 152 may be used to perform step 1106 .
  • the sending unit 153 is configured to send the state information of the first session determined by the determining unit 152 and the identifier of the first session obtained by the obtaining unit 151 to the first user plane network element; or, forward the first clock according to the state information of the first session
  • the synchronization message and the identifier of the first session acquired by the acquiring unit 151 can be used to perform step 908, with reference to FIG. 10, the sending unit 153 can be used to perform step 1009, with reference to FIG. 11, the sending unit 153 can be used to perform step 1107, with reference to FIG. 12, the sending unit 153 may be used to perform step 1201.
  • the obtaining unit 151 is specifically configured to: receive a second clock synchronization packet from the first user plane network element, where the second clock synchronization packet includes the identifier of the first session.
  • the obtaining unit 151 is specifically configured to: receive the identifier of the first session from the network element of the control plane.
  • the determining unit 152 is further configured to determine a first forwarding rule of the second session, where the first forwarding rule includes the first FAR, and the first FAR includes the identifier of the second session.
  • the communication apparatus 150 may further include a modification unit 154 .
  • the modifying unit 154 is configured to modify the address of the first clock synchronization packet to the address of the first session.
  • the sending unit 153 is further configured to send the first clock synchronization message processed by the modifying unit 154 to the access side.
  • the determining unit 152 is further configured to determine a second forwarding rule of the third session, where the second forwarding rule includes the second FAR, the second FAR includes the identifier of the first session, and the state information of the first session is used to indicate the first session.
  • a conversation is in a sending state or a pending state, and the third conversation is a group conversation.
  • the communication apparatus 150 provided in this embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to the foregoing modules.
  • the acquiring unit 151 , the determining unit 152 , and the modifying unit 154 may be implemented by the processor of the communication device shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the sending unit 153 may be implemented by the communication interface of the communication device shown in FIG. 8 .
  • Another embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the second user plane network element executes the computer instructions. Each step performed by the second user plane network element in the method flow shown in the above method embodiments.
  • a chip system includes one or more interface circuits, and one or more processors.
  • the interface circuit and the processor are interconnected by wires.
  • the interface circuit is configured to receive signals from the memory of the second user plane network element and send signals to the processor, the signals including computer instructions stored in the memory.
  • the processor executes the computer instruction
  • the second user plane network element executes each step performed by the second user plane network element in the method flow shown in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • a computer program product in another embodiment, includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on the second user plane network element, the second user plane network element executes the above method to implement Each step performed by the second user plane network element in the method flow shown in the example.
  • a computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • Computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, computer, server, or data center over a wire (e.g.
  • coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means to transmit to another website site, computer, server or data center.
  • Computer-readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or data storage devices including one or more servers, data centers, etc., that can be integrated with the media.
  • Useful media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVDs), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks (SSDs)), and the like.

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Abstract

一种通信方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域，解决了用户面网元转发时钟同步报文时，通信开销较大的问题。具体方案为：第一用户面网元获取第一时钟同步报文，从第二用户面网元获取第一会话的状态信息，并向控制面网元发送第一会话的状态信息。之后，第一用户面网元从控制面网元接收第一转发规则，并根据第一转发规则处理第一时钟同步报文。第一转发规则与第一会话的状态信息关联。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
本申请要求于2021年02月10日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202110185515.3、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
在时钟同步过程中，用户面网元在接收到时钟同步报文之后，可以获取与该时钟同步报文匹配的会话的转发规则，并根据该转发规则，通过会话向用户设备发送时钟同步报文。该时钟同步报文来自当前网络中优先级最高的时钟源，该时钟源可能部署在某用户设备侧，即该用户设备能够接收来自该时钟源的时钟同步报文。该情况下，如果用户面网元仍然向该用户设备发送时钟同步报文，会导致时钟同步报文的重复传输，从而导致通信开销较大。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，解决了用户面网元转发时钟同步报文时，通信开销较大的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，应用于第一用户面网元。第一用户面网元获取第一时钟同步报文，从第二用户面网元获取第一会话的状态信息，并向控制面网元发送第一会话的状态信息。之后，第一用户面网元从控制面网元接收第一转发规则，并根据第一转发规则处理第一时钟同步报文。第一转发规则与第一会话的状态信息关联。
这样，第一用户面网元通过从第二用户面网元获取第一会话的状态信息，并根据控制面网元动态配置的与第一会话的状态信息关联的转发规则来处理第一时钟同步报文，能够避免第一时钟同步报文的重复传输，从而节省通信开销。
可选的，在本申请的一种可能的实现方式中，第一会话为第一用户设备的会话，第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于待定的状态。响应于第一会话处于待定的状态，第一转发规则包括第二会话的标识和第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示丢弃与第二会话的标识对应的第一时钟同步报文，第二会话处于接收的状态。
在第一会话处于待定的状态，第二会话处于接收的状态的情况下，通过指示第一会话丢弃来自第二会话的时钟同步报文，能够实现不向P端口转发来自S端口的时钟同步报文，从而能够节省通信开销。
可选的，在本申请的另一种可能的实现方式中，上述“从第二用户面网元获取第一会话的状态信息”的方法可以包括：第一用户面网元接收来自第二用户面网元的状态信息和第一会话的标识，并根据第一会话的标识，确定状态信息为第一会话的状态信息。
在第二用户面网元向第一用户面网元发送状态信息和时钟同步报文的源地址的情况下，第一用户面网元能够根据时钟同步报文的源地址确定出从第二用户面网元接收的状态信息为第一会话的状态信息。
可选的，在本申请的另一种可能的实现方式中，本申请提供的通信方法还可以包括： 第一用户面网元接收来自第一会话的第二时钟同步报文，并将第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址替换为第一会话的地址，且向第二用户面网元或内部接口发送处理后的第二时钟同步报文。
通过第一用户面网元修改第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址为第一会话的地址，使得第二用户面网元能够感知报文来自哪个会话，从而确定出该会话的状态信息。
可选的，在本申请的另一种可能的实现方式中，本申请提供的通信方法还可以包括：第一用户面网元确定第一会话的第二转发规则，第二转发规则包括转发操作规则(forwarding action rule，FAR)，FAR包括接入侧指示信息，接入侧指示信息用于指示第二时钟同步报文来自接入侧。
这样，在使用内部接口转发时钟同步报文的情况下，通过在上行转发规则中配置接入侧指示信息，能够避免上行转发规则从内部接口匹配到第一用户面网元处理后的时钟同步报文。
第二方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括用于执行上述第一方面或上述第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法的各个模块。
第三方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括存储器和处理器。存储器和处理器耦合。存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令。当处理器执行计算机指令时，通信装置执行如第一方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第四方面，本申请提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统应用于通信装置。芯片系统包括一个或多个接口电路，以及一个或多个处理器。接口电路和处理器通过线路互联；接口电路用于从通信装置的存储器接收信号，并向处理器发送信号，信号包括存储器中存储的计算机指令。当处理器执行计算机指令时，通信装置执行如第一方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第五方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行如第一方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第六方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行如第一方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
本申请中第二方面到第六方面及其各种实现方式的具体描述，可以参考第一方面及其各种实现方式中的详细描述；并且，第二方面到第六方面及其各种实现方式的有益效果，可以参考第一方面及其各种实现方式中的有益效果分析，此处不再赘述。
第七方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，应用于第二用户面网元。第二用户面网元获取第一会话的标识，并确定第一会话的状态信息，且向第一用户面网元发送第一会话的状态信息和第一会话的标识，或者，根据第一会话的状态信息转发第一时钟同步报文和第一会话的标识。
通过第二用户面网元向控制面网元上报会话的状态信息，使得控制面网元能够给第一用户面网元配置动态的下行转发规则，第一用户面网元根据该动态的转发规则转发时钟同步报文时，能够避免时钟同步报文的重复传输。
可选的，在本申请的一种可能的实现方式中，上述“获取第一会话的标识”的方法可 以包括：第二用户面网元接收来自第一用户面网元的第二时钟同步报文，第二时钟同步报文包括第一会话的标识。
可选的，在本申请的另一种可能的实现方式中，上述“获取第一会话的标识”的方法可以包括：第二用户面网元接收来自控制面网元的第一会话的标识。
可选的，在本申请的另一种可能的实现方式中，本申请提供的通信方法还可以包括：第二用户面网元确定第二会话的第一转发规则，第一转发规则包括第一FAR，第一FAR包括第二会话的标识。
这样，在内部接口与第二用户面网元合一的情况下，第二用户面网元可以从内部接口感知到会话的标识。
可选的，在本申请的另一种可能的实现方式中，本申请提供的通信方法还可以包括：第二用户面网元将第一时钟同步报文的地址修改为第一会话的地址，并向接入侧发送处理后的第一时钟同步报文。
第二用户面网元转发时钟同步报文时，可以将报文的目的地址修改为用户设备的会话的地址，之后由第一用户面网元或内部接口修改成固定地址，实现了群组会话和用户设备的会话的配合。
可选的，在本申请的另一种可能的实现方式中，本申请提供的通信方法还可以包括：第二用户面网元确定第三会话的第二转发规则，第二转发规则包括第二FAR，第二FAR包括第一会话的标识，第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于发送的状态或待定的状态，第三会话为群组会话。
第二用户面网元转发时钟同步报文时，可以使用内部接口机制时，在规则中指示第一会话的标识，实现了群组会话和用户设备的会话的配合。
第八方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括用于执行上述第七方面或上述第七方面的任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法的各个模块。
第九方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括存储器和处理器。存储器和处理器耦合。存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令。当处理器执行计算机指令时，通信装置执行如第七方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第十方面，本申请提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统应用于通信装置。芯片系统包括一个或多个接口电路，以及一个或多个处理器。接口电路和处理器通过线路互联；接口电路用于从通信装置的存储器接收信号，并向处理器发送信号，信号包括存储器中存储的计算机指令。当处理器执行计算机指令时，通信装置执行如第七方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第十一方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行如第七方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第十二方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行如第七方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
本申请中第八方面到第十二方面及其各种实现方式的具体描述，可以参考第七方面及其各种实现方式中的详细描述；并且，第八方面到第十二方面及其各种实现方式的有益效 果，可以参考第七方面及其各种实现方式中的有益效果分析，此处不再赘述。
第十三方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，应用于用户设备。用户设备接收来自时钟源的时钟同步报文，并将时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址替换为第一会话的地址，向第一用户面网元发送处理后的时钟同步报文。
通过用户设备修改第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址为第一会话的地址，使得第二用户面网元能够感知报文来自哪个会话，从而确定出该会话的状态信息。
第十四方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括用于执行上述第十三方面或上述第十三方面的任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法的各个模块。
第十五方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括存储器和处理器。存储器和处理器耦合。存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令。当处理器执行计算机指令时，通信装置执行如第十三方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第十六方面，本申请提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统应用于通信装置。芯片系统包括一个或多个接口电路，以及一个或多个处理器。接口电路和处理器通过线路互联；接口电路用于从通信装置的存储器接收信号，并向处理器发送信号，信号包括存储器中存储的计算机指令。当处理器执行计算机指令时，通信装置执行如第十三方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第十七方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行如第十三方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
第十八方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行如第十三方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法。
本申请中第十四方面到第十八方面及其各种实现方式的具体描述，可以参考第十三方面及其各种实现方式中的详细描述；并且，第十四方面到第十八方面及其各种实现方式的有益效果，可以参考第十三方面及其各种实现方式中的有益效果分析，此处不再赘述。
第十九方面，本申请提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：执行如第一方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法的第一用户面网元、执行如第七方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法的第二用户面网元、执行如第十三方面及其任一种可能的实现方式的通信方法的用户设备，以及控制面网元。
本申请的这些方面或其他方面在以下的描述中会更加简明易懂。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的最优时钟源选择的场景示意图之一；
图2为本申请实施例提供的最优时钟源选择的场景示意图之二；
图3为本申请实施例提供的时钟同步生态树的生成示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的时钟同步报文的转发原理示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的结构示意图之一；
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的结构示意图之二；
图7a为本申请实施例提供的内部接口的示意图之一；
图7b为本申请实施例提供的内部接口的示意图之二；
图7c为本申请实施例提供的内部接口的示意图之三；
图8为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的一种结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图之一；
图10为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图之二；
图11为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图之三；
图12为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图之四；
图13为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图之一；
图14为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图之二；
图15为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图之三；
图16为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图之四。
具体实施方式
在本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，在此先对本申请实施例中涉及到的相关要素进行简要说明。
1、时钟同步及最优时钟源选择
协议1588及802.1AS定义了时钟同步机制，能够实现网络设备和时钟源进行高精度的时钟同步。其中，协议1588支持多时钟域，即网络设备能够同步多个时钟，不同的时钟域通过时钟域的标识进行区分。对于单个时钟域，协议1588或802.1AS支持在同一个时钟域中选择一个最优时钟源进行同步。主时钟源会发布自己的时钟源信息，从节点根据接收到的主时钟源信息确定出最优时钟源。
示例性的，如图1中的(a)所示，第一时钟源向各个从节点发送自己的时钟源信息，从节点根据接收到的第一时钟源的信息确定第一时钟源是最优时钟源。
如图1中的(b)所示，第二时钟源上线后，可以接收来自第一时钟源的第一时钟源的信息，并确定第二时钟源的优先级高于第一时钟源的优先级。之后，第二时钟源可以发布时钟源声明，该时钟源声明中包含第二时钟源的优先级、标识、精度等参数。从节点根据接收到的时钟源声明确定第二时钟源是最优时钟源。
从节点确定出最优时钟源后，可以向从节点的下游设备转发该最优时钟源的信息，并进行时钟同步。
如图2所示，从节点在接收到最优时钟源声明之后，可以忽略优先级较低的时钟源的信息，仅向相邻设备转发最优时钟源声明。
2、时钟同步报文
时钟同步报文可以包括时钟源声明和同步消息，或者，可以包括时钟源声明，或者， 可以包括同步消息。时钟同步报文可以是以太封装或者互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)封装，本申请实施例在此对时钟同步报文采用的封装方式不做限定。
例如，对于以太封装的时钟同步报文，该时钟同步报文的目的媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)地址为固定的01-80-c2-00-00-0e，以太类型为0x88F7。
3、时钟同步生成树
网络设备根据各端口接收到的时钟源声明，确定各端口的状态，从而使整个网络形成一个时钟同步生成树。
设备上的端口包括：M端口(master port)、P端口(passive port)、S端口(slave port)。其中，M端口的状态为发送的状态，用于向下游设备发送时钟同步报文。S端口的状态为接收的状态，用于接收时钟同步报文，并进行时钟同步。P端口的状态为待定的状态，用于不处理时钟同步报文。
示例性的，结合图1和图2，图3为时钟同步生成树的示意图。如图3所示，网络设备通过某端口接收时钟源发送的时钟源声明，在确定该端口接收到的时钟源声明指示的时钟源为最优时钟源时，将该端口确定为S端口，之后网络设备从该端口同步到最优时钟源的时钟。网络设备在确定了S端口后，可以将其他端口确定为M端口，并通过M端口向其他设备转发时钟源声明，以及转发同步消息，以便其他设备能够进行时钟同步。
当网络中出现环路时，网络设备不仅从S端口接收到时钟源声明，还可以从其他端口(如图3中网络设备左右两侧的两个其他设备)接收到时钟源声明。该情况下，网络设备可以将接收到时钟源声明的其他端口确定为P端口。这样，网络设备不会处理通过P端口接收的时钟源声明和同步消息，以避免网络中出现环路造成过多的时钟源声明和同步消息的转发，从而降低通信开销。
4、时钟同步报文的转发原理
UPF中配置有转发规则，转发规则中包括分组检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR)，以及PDR对应的转发操作规则(forwarding action rule，FAR)。PDR用于检测识别报文，PDR对应的FAR用于指示对PDR匹配到的报文进行处理。转发规则可以是对某个用户设备的会话的配置，也可以是对群组会话的配置。
如图4所示，当UPF接收到时钟同步报文时，可以根据会话的PDR中的规则匹配该时钟同步报文，例如，PDR中的规则包括：接收时钟同步报文的接口(该接口用于指示报文来自接入侧、或网络侧或内部接口)、报文特征(如报文中的地址信息)等。UPF确定某会话的PDR与时钟同步报文匹配时，可以使用PDR对应的FAR处理报文。例如，UPF可以根据FAR的指示为时钟同步报文添加通用分组无线业务用户面隧道协议(general packet radio system(GPRS)tunnelling protocol user plane，GTP-U)包头后向接入侧会话转发时钟同步报文，或者，去除时钟同步报文的GTP-U包头后向网络侧转发时钟同步报文等。
本申请实施例提供的通信方法适用于通信系统。图5示出了该通信系统的一种结构。如图5所示，该通信系统可以包括：用户设备51、接入设备(access node或radio access node，AN或RAN)52和核心网设备53。
在一些实施例中，用户设备51可以是移动终端设备，如移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)和具有移动终端设备的计算机，也可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的 或者车载的移动装置，它们与RAN交换语言和/或数据。例如，用户设备51可以为：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control中的无线终端设备、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端设备、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端设备、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端设备、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端设备、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端设备、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端设备等。
在一些实施例中，接入设备52，是通信系统中将用户设备51接入到无线网络的设备。接入设备52为无线接入网中的节点，可以称为基站，还可以称为RAN或AN节点或设备。目前，一些接入设备52可以为：gNB、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved node B，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)等。
在一些实施例中，核心网设备53包含用户面网元和控制面网元。其中，用户面网元主要负责分组数据包的转发、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)控制、计费信息统计等。控制面网元主要负责业务流程交互、向用户面网元下发数据包转发策略、QoS控制策略等。
本申请实施例中涉及的控制面网元主要包含网络能力开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元、应用功能(application function，AF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元等，涉及的用户面网元为用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元。
NEF网元，用于向外部网络或应用提供无线的网络能力开放功能，例如从第三方获得对无线网络的需求，或者向第三方提供无线网络的能力、状态等。
AF网元，用于作为第三方网元和无线网络进行交互，例如向无线网络提供通信需求，或者从无线网络获取无线网络的能力、状态等。
SMF网元：用于管理协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话的创建、删除等，以及维护PDU会话上下文及用户面网元转发管道信息。
UPF网元，用于转发处理用户数据报文，例如接收来自DN的数据报文，并通过用户会话向用户转发。
图5中标示了各功能网元间的通信接口，如N1、N2、N3、N4、N6等，各个通信接口的作用如下：
N1：用户设备51和控制面网元AMF之间的通信接口，用于传递网络附属存储(network attached storage，NAS)信令。
N2：接入设备52和控制面网元AMF之间的通信接口。
N3：接入设备52和用户面网元UPF之间的通信接口，用于传输用户数据。
N4：控制面网元SMF和用户面网元UPF之间的通信接口，用于对UPF进行策略配置等。
N6：用户面网元UPF和数据网络(data network，DN)之间的通信接口。
基于图3和图5，图6示出了适用于本申请实施例提供的通信方法的系统的简化示意 图。如图6所示，该系统可以包括：多个用户设备61、第一用户面网元62、第二用户面网元63、控制面网元64和时钟源65。图6中以多个用户设备61包括四个用户设备，分别为用户设备1、用户设备2、用户设备3、用户设备4为例进行说明。且，图6中以时钟源65部署在用户设备3和用户设备4侧为例进行说明。
其中，用户设备61，可以包括设备侧时间敏感网络适配网元(device side time sensitive network translater，DS-TT)，DS-TT用于实现用户设备61的时钟同步功能。可以通过DS-TT上的端口接收来自时钟源的时钟同步报文，DS-TT上的一个端口可以对应一个会话。
需要说明的是，用户设备61和DS-TT可以合一部署，也可以分别部署，本申请实施例对用户设备61和其包括的DS-TT的部署方式不做限定。
第一用户面网元62，可以为UPF网元。
第二用户面网元63，可以为网络侧TSN适配网元(network side time sensitive network translater，NW-TT)，该NW-TT用于实现UPF网元的时钟同步功能。
需要说明的是，第一用户面网元62和第二用户面网元63可以合一部署，也可以分开部署。本申请实施例在此对第一用户面网元62和第二用户面网元63的部署方式不做限定。
控制面网元64，用于接收来自第一用户面网元62的会话的状态信息，并向第一用户面网元62发送该会话的转发规则。例如，控制面网元64可以是图5中的SMF网元、NEF网元或者AF网元中的一个或多个。
时钟源65，用于在用户设备3和用户设备4上线后，分别向用户设备3和用户设备4的端口发送时钟同步报文。
需要说明的是，时钟源65，可以是和DS-TT直接连接，也可以是通过其他设备与DS-TT连接，本申请实施例在此不做限定。图6中以时钟源65和DS-TT直接连接为例进行说明。且，图6中是以时钟源65部署在用户设备3和用户设备4侧为例进行说明的，本申请实施例并不限定时钟源的部署位置。例如，时钟源65也可以部署在DN侧。
另外，图6中的多个用户设备61、第一用户面网元62、第二用户面网元63和控制面网元64整体可以作为一个交换节点(或黑盒架构)，整体相当于图3中的网络设备。结合图3中的例子，可以确定图6中的DS-TT的端口的状态信息。
例如，当用户设备3包括的DS-TT通过端口接收到来自时钟源65的时钟源声明后，可以通过该端口对应的会话向第一用户面网元62转发时钟源声明，进而第一用户面网元62可以将时钟源声明转发到第二用户面网元63。第二用户面网元63根据接收到的时钟源声明进行最优时钟源选择。假设这时用户设备4未上线，那么第二用户面网元63确定来自用户设备3的DS-TT的时钟为最优时钟源时，确定用户设备3的DS-TT对应的端口是S端口，即该端口的状态信息为接收的状态，进而将其他端口(如第二用户面网元63的端口，用户设备1的DS-TT对应的端口、用户设备2的DS-TT对应的端口)确定为M端口，并向M端口转发时钟源声明，以及后续转发来自用户设备3的DS-TT的同步消息。之后，当用户设备4上线，用户设备4的DS-TT接收到来自时钟源65的时钟源声明时，可以向第一用户面网元62转发该时钟源声明，进而由第一用户面网元62转发到第二用户面网元63。第二用户面网元63根据最优时钟源选择算法，确定来自用户设备4的DS-TT的时钟源声明中的时钟源和已有的最优时钟源(来自用户设备3的DS-TT的时钟源)是同一个时钟源，进而将用户设备4的DS-TT对应的端口确定为P端口。根据不同的实现方式，第二 用户面网元63可以向用户设备4的DS-TT转发或者不转发来自用户设备3的DS-TT的时钟源声明和同步消息。
对于上述用户设备3向用户设备1或者用户设备2发送时钟同步报文的场景，定义了第一用户面网元62的内部接口(internal interface)。内部接口为第一用户面网元62和第二用户面网元63的通信接口。内部接口的使用方式有以下三种。
第一种，如图7a所示，内部接口是第一用户面网元62内部的逻辑接口。可以通过内部接口实现第一用户面网元62和第二用户面网元63之间时钟同步报文的转发。该情况下，可以配置第一用户面网元62的用户设备的会话，以及在内部接口配置群组会话。对于用户设备的会话来说，会话的源接口或目的接口配置为内部接口。
第二种，如图7b所示，不通过内部接口转发时钟同步报文，通过通信接口N6来转发时钟同步报文。该情况下，可以配置第一用户面网元62上的用户设备的会话，会话的源接口或目的接口配置为N6。
第三种，如图7c所示，第二用户面网元63和内部接口合一，第二用户面网元63可以为内部接口中的逻辑功能，也就是说，第二用户面网元63和第一用户面网元62合一部署。该情况下，可以配置第一用户面网元62的用户设备的会话，以及在内部接口配置群组会话。对于用户设备的会话来说，会话的源接口或目的接口配置为内部接口。
上述用户设备61、第一用户面网元62、第二用户面网元63、控制面网元64的基本硬件结构类似，都包括图8所示通信装置所包括的元件。下面以图8所示的通信装置为例，介绍用户设备61、第一用户面网元62、第二用户面网元63、控制面网元64的硬件结构。
如图8所示，通信装置可以包括处理器81，存储器82、通信接口83、总线84。处理器81，存储器82以及通信接口83之间可以通过总线84连接。
处理器81是通信装置的控制中心，可以是一个处理器，也可以是多个处理元件的统称。例如，处理器81可以是一个通用中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，也可以是其他通用处理器等。其中，通用处理器可以是微处理器或者是任何常规的处理器等。
作为一种实施例，处理器81可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图8中所示的CPU 0和CPU 1。
作为一种实施例，通信装置可以包括多个处理器，例如图8中所示的处理器81和处理器85。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核处理器(single-CPU)，也可以是一个多核处理器(multi-CPU)。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机指令)的处理核。
存储器82可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。
一种可能的实现方式中，存储器82可以独立于处理器81存在，存储器82可以通过总线84与处理器81相连接，用于存储指令或者程序代码。处理器81调用并执行存储器82中存储的指令或程序代码时，能够实现本申请下述实施例提供的通信方法。
另一种可能的实现方式中，存储器82也可以和处理器81集成在一起。
通信接口83，用于通信装置与其他设备通过通信网络连接，通信网络可以是以太网，RAN，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。通信接口83可以包括用于接收数据的接收单元，以及用于发送数据的发送单元。
总线84，可以是工业标准体系结构(industry standard architecture，ISA)总线、外部设备互连(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准体系结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。该总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图8中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
需要指出的是，图8中示出的结构并不构成对该通信装置的限定，除图8所示部件之外，该通信装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
基于上述图1-图8的介绍，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，下面结合附图对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行描述。
如图9所示，本申请实施例提供的通信方法可以包括以下步骤901-步骤916。
901、用户设备通过第一会话向第一用户面网元发送第二时钟同步报文。
当某用户设备侧部署有时钟源时，该用户设备的DS-TT的端口可以接收到时钟源发送的第二时钟同步报文。用户设备可以通过该端口对应的第一会话，向第一用户面网元发送第二时钟同步报文。
902、第一用户面网元接收来自第一会话的第二时钟同步报文。
903、第一用户面网元将第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址替换为第一会话的地址。
第一用户面网元在接收到来自第一会话的第二时钟同步报文之后，可以确定第一会话的第二转发规则。例如，第一用户面网元可以确定与第二时钟同步报文匹配的第一会话的PDR，并获取与该PDR对应的FAR，第二转发规则包括该PDR和与该PDR对应的FAR。该FAR包括第一会话的地址和指示信息，该指示信息用于指示将第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址替换为第一会话的地址。这样，第一用户面网元可以根据FAR，将第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址替换为第一会话的地址。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，第一会话的地址可以为第一会话的MAC地址，也可以为根据第一会话的其他标识或者第一会话对应的端口的标识生成的地址。
作为一种实现方式，第一用户面网元可以不替换第二时钟同步报文中的源地址或目的地址，而是在第二转发规则的FAR中指示第一会话的标识，用于向内部接口或者第二用户面网元指示第二时钟同步报文对应的会话。第一会话的标识可以是第一会话的地址，或者第一会话对应的端口标识等。
可选的，在本申请实施例中，上述第二转发规则包括的FAR中还包括接入侧指示信息，接入侧指示信息用于指示第二时钟同步报文来自接入侧。这样，在使用内部接口转发时钟同步报文的情况下，通过在上行转发规则中配置接入侧指示信息，能够避免上行转发规则从内部接口匹配到第一用户面网元处理后的时钟同步报文。
904、第一用户面网元向第二用户面网元或内部接口发送处理后的第二时钟同步报文。
上述步骤903中第二转发规则包括的FAR中还包括：目的接口为N6或者内部接口，第一用户面网元便可以向目的接口发送处理后的第二时钟同步报文。
905、第二用户面网元接收来自第一用户面网元的处理后的第二时钟同步报文。
906、第二用户面网元获取第一会话的标识。
由于在步骤903中第一用户面网元将第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址替换为第一会话的地址，因此第二用户面网元在接收到来自第一用户面网元的处理后的第二时钟同步报文之后，可以根据第二时钟同步报文中的第一会话的地址，获取第一会话的标识。第一会话的标识可以为第一会话的地址，或者可以为生成第一会话的地址所使用的第一会话的其他标识，或者可以为第一会话对应的端口的标识。
作为一种实现方式，第二用户面网元可以通过第一用户面网元或者内部接口的指示，确定第一会话的标识，第一用户面网元或者内部接口的指示可以通过内部机制实现。其中内部接口的指示，可以是在内部接口上群组会话规则的FAR中指示第一会话的标识。
可选的，本申请实施例中，第二用户面网元除了根据处理后的第二时钟同步报文确定第一会话的标识外，还可以接收来自控制面网元的所有需要进行时钟同步的会话的标识，其中包括第一会话的标识。
第二用户面网元可以采用以下三种方式获取所有会话的标识。
方式1，SMF网元在创建用户会话时，通过SMF网元与第一用户面网元(UPF网元)之间的N4接口，向第一用户面网元发送所有会话的标识，第一用户面网元通过内部接口向第二用户面网元发送所有会话的标识(标识可以为会话的MAC地址)。
方式2，第一用户面网元在创建用户会话时，会为每个会话分配对应的DS-TT的端口的标识，并通过内部接口向第二用户面网元发送所有会话的标识(该标识可以为会话对应的端口的标识)。
方式3，NEF网元或者AF网元，通过SMF网元、第一用户面网元向第二用户面网元发送所有会话的标识(标识可以为会话的MAC地址、会话对应的端口的标识)。
907、第二用户面网元确定第一会话的状态信息。
第二用户面网元在接收到来自第一用户面网元的处理后的第二时钟同步报文后，可以根据第二时钟同步报文包括的时钟源声明指示的时钟源，与之前的最优时钟源进行比较，并根据比较的结果，确定第一会话的状态信息。如果第二时钟同步报文的时钟源的优先级高于之前的最优时钟源的优先级，则确定第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于接收的状态，即第一会话对应的用户设备的DS-TT的端口为S端。如果第二时钟同步报文的时钟源的优先级低于之前的最优时钟源的优先级，则确定第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于发送的状态，即第一会话对应的用户设备的DS-TT的端口为M端。如果第二时钟同步报文的时钟源与之前最优时钟源相同，则确定第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于待定的状态，即第一会话对应的用户设备的DS-TT的端口为P端。
上述过程是以第二用户面网元通过比较时钟源的优先级，来确定第一会话的状态信息为例进行说明的。当然，第一会话的状态信息也可以是控制面网元向第二用户面网元配置的，或者，第一会话的状态信息还可以是预先配置在第二用户面网元中的，本申请实施例在此对第二用户面网元确定第一会话的状态信息的实现方式不做限定。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，第二用户面网元接收来自控制面网元的所有会话 的标识的情况下，第二用户面网元能够确定出所有会话中每个会话的状态信息。
908、第二用户面网元向第一用户面网元发送第一会话的状态信息和第一会话的标识。
909、第一用户面网元接收来自第二用户面网元的第一会话的状态信息和第一会话的标识。
910、第一用户面网元向控制面网元发送第一会话的状态信息。
第一用户面网元在接收到第一会话的状态信息和第一会话的标识之后，可以根据第一会话的标识，确定发送第一会话的状态信息所使用的N4接口，并使用确定出的N4接口，向SMF网元发送第一会话的状态信息。当然，第一用户面网元也可以通过第一用户面网元和SMF网元之间的设备粒度的接口，来发送第一会话的状态信息。且，SMF网元还可以向NEF网元或AF网元上报第一会话的状态信息。
需要说明的是，在上述步骤906中，如果第二用户面网元根据第二时钟同步报文获取第一会话的标识，那么第二用户面网元可以经由第一用户面网元上报第一会话的状态为接收的状态或待定的状态。第二用户面网元无法确定其他会话的状态，因此不进行上报。
如果第二用户面网元接收来自控制面网元的所有会话的标识，那么第二用户面网元可以经由第一用户面网元上报所有会话的状态信息，或者，也可以不上报接收状态的会话，仅上报发送状态、待定状态的会话。本申请实施例在此不做限定。
911、控制面网元接收来自第一用户面网元的第一会话的状态信息。
912、控制面网元根据第一会话的状态信息确定第一转发规则。
在一种实现方式中，第一会话为第一用户设备的会话。如果第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于接收的状态，则不配置第一转发规则，或者配置第一转发规则。该第一转发规则包括：PDR指示从N6或者内部接口匹配时钟同步报文，FAR指示丢弃报文。如果第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于发送的状态，则配置第一转发规则，该第一转发规则包括：PDR指示从N6或者内部接口匹配时钟同步报文，FAR指示转发时钟同步报文。如果第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于待定的状态，则可以按照接收的状态配置转发规则，或者可以按照发送的状态来配置转发规则。本申请实施例在此不做限定。
在另一种实现方式中，第一会话为第一用户设备的会话。如果第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于待定的状态，则第一转发规则包括第二会话的标识和第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示丢弃与第二会话的标识对应的第一时钟同步报文，第二会话处于接收的状态。如果第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于发送的状态或接收的状态，则第一转发规则包括：PDR指示从N6或者内部接口匹配时钟同步报文、第一会话的标识和指示信息，指示信息用于指示丢弃与第一会话的标识对应的第一时钟同步报文。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，丢弃报文指的是：不匹配报文、忽略报文、丢弃或者不转发报文。且，指示信息可以是包含在转发规则的PDR中，也可以是包含在FAR中。
另外，在本申请实施例中，可以由AF网元或者NEF网元确定第一转发规则，并经由SMF网元发送至第一用户面网元。也可以是有SMF网元确定第一转发规则，并发送给第一用户面网元。
913、控制面网元向第一用户面网元发送第一转发规则。
914、第一用户面网元接收来自控制面网元的第一转发规则。
915、第一用户面网元获取第一时钟同步报文。
第一时钟同步报文可以是上述第二时钟同步报文经过第二用户面网元处理后，发送给第一用户面网元的。
916、第一用户面网元根据第一转发规则处理第一时钟同步报文。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，第一用户面网元可以在确定不存在与第一时钟同步报文匹配的PDR的情况下，丢弃第一时钟同步报文。
这样，通过第一用户面网元修改第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址为第一会话的地址，使得第二用户面网元能够感知报文来自哪个会话，从而确定出该会话的状态信息。通过第二用户面网元向控制面网元上报会话的状态信息，使得控制面网元能够给第一用户面网元配置动态的下行转发规则，第一用户面网元根据该动态的转发规则转发时钟同步报文时，能够避免时钟同步报文的重复传输。
如图10所示，本申请实施例提供的通信方法可以包括以下步骤1001-步骤1017。
1001、用户设备接收来自时钟源的第二时钟同步报文。
1002、用户设备将第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址替换为第一会话的地址。
步骤1002的详细描述可以参考另一实施例中步骤903第一用户面网元替换地址的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，可以是由用户设备中的DS-TT替换第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址，也可以是由用户设备的其他部件替换地址。
1003、用户设备通过第一会话向第一用户面网元发送第二时钟同步报文。
此时发送的是替换了地址的第二时钟同步报文。
1004、第一用户面网元接收来自第一会话的第二时钟同步报文。
步骤1003-步骤1004可以相应参考上述步骤901-步骤902。
1005、第一用户面网元向第二用户面网元或内部接口发送第二时钟同步报文。
1006、第二用户面网元接收来自第一用户面网元的第二时钟同步报文。
1007、第二用户面网元获取第一会话的标识。
1008、第二用户面网元确定第一会话的状态信息。
1009、第二用户面网元向第一用户面网元发送第一会话的状态信息和第一会话的标识。
1010、第一用户面网元接收来自第二用户面网元的第一会话的状态信息和第一会话的标识。
1011、第一用户面网元向控制面网元发送第一会话的状态信息。
1012、控制面网元接收来自第一用户面网元的第一会话的状态信息。
1013、控制面网元根据第一会话的状态信息确定第一转发规则。
1014、控制面网元向第一用户面网元发送第一转发规则。
1015、第一用户面网元接收来自控制面网元的第一转发规则。
1016、第一用户面网元获取第一时钟同步报文。
1017、第一用户面网元根据第一转发规则处理第一时钟同步报文。
步骤1005-步骤1017可以相应参考上述步骤904-步骤916。
这样，通过用户设备修改第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址为第一会话的地址，使得第二用户面网元能够感知报文来自哪个会话，从而确定出该会话的状态信息。通过第 二用户面网元向控制面网元上报会话的状态信息，使得控制面网元能够给第一用户面网元配置动态的下行转发规则，第一用户面网元根据该动态的转发规则转发时钟同步报文时，能够避免时钟同步报文的重复传输。
如图11所示，本申请实施例提供的通信方法可以包括以下步骤1101-步骤1116。
1101、用户设备通过第一会话向第一用户面网元发送第二时钟同步报文。
1102、第一用户面网元接收来自第一会话的第二时钟同步报文。
步骤1101-步骤1102可以相应参考上述步骤901-步骤902。
1103、第一用户面网元向第二用户面网元或内部接口发送第二时钟同步报文。
1104、第二用户面网元接收来自第一用户面网元的第二时钟同步报文。
步骤1103-步骤1104可以相应参考上述步骤904步骤905。
1105、第二用户面网元获取第一会话的标识。
此时第一会话的标识为第二时钟同步报文中的源地址。
该场景下，第二用户面网元未接收来自控制面网元的所有会话的标识。
1106、第二用户面网元确定状态信息。
由于第二用户面网元接收到第二时钟同步报文后，无法获得第一会话的MAC地址或者第一会话对应的端口的标识，因此便无法得到第二时钟同步报文来自哪个会话，仅能确定出这个会话的状态信息。
1107、第二用户面网元向第一用户面网元发送状态信息和第一会话的标识。
1108、第一用户面网元接收来自第二用户面网元的状态信息和第一会话的标识。
1109、第一用户面网元根据第一会话的标识，确定状态信息为第一会话的状态信息。
第一用户面网元在接收到状态信息和第二时钟同步报文的源地址后，可以查找源地址的报文被哪个会话传输的记录，即查找源地址与会话的标识的对应关系，来确定接收到的状态信息是第一会话的状态信息。
1110、第一用户面网元向控制面网元发送第一会话的状态信息。
1111、控制面网元接收来自第一用户面网元的第一会话的状态信息。
1112、控制面网元根据第一会话的状态信息确定第一转发规则。
1113、控制面网元向第一用户面网元发送第一转发规则。
1114、第一用户面网元接收来自控制面网元的第一转发规则。
1115、第一用户面网元获取第一时钟同步报文。
1116、第一用户面网元根据第一转发规则处理第一时钟同步报文。
步骤1110-步骤1116可以相应参考上述步骤910-步骤916。
这样，在第二用户面网元向第一用户面网元发送状态信息和时钟同步报文的源地址的情况下，通过第二用户面网元确定会话的状态信息，并通过第一用户面网元确定该状态信息是哪个会话的状态信息，之后向控制面网元上报该会话的状态信息，使得控制面网元能够给第一用户面网元配置动态的下行转发规则，第一用户面网元根据该动态的转发规则转发时钟同步报文时，能够避免时钟同步报文的重复传输。
结合图7a或图7c，如图12所示，给内部接口配置群组会话的场景中，本申请实施例提供的通信方法可以包括以下步骤1201-步骤1203。需要说明的是，在执行步骤1201之前，可以先执行上述步骤901-步骤907，或者执行步骤1001-步骤1008，或者执行步骤1101- 步骤1106，以使得第二用户面网元获取第一会话的标识，并确定第一会话的状态信息。
1201、第二用户面网元根据第一会话的状态信息转发第一时钟同步报文和第一会话的标识。
第二用户面网元在确定出第一会话的标识和状态信息后，可以在确定第一会话处于待定的状态或者发送的状态的情况下，向第一用户面网元发送第一时钟同步报文。
在一种实现方式中，第一会话的标识为第一会话的地址，第二用户面网元可以将第一时钟同步报文的源地址或者目的地址修改为第一会话的地址，并向接入侧发送处理后的第一时钟同步报文。
在一种实现方式中，第二用户面网元在向第一用户面网元发送第一时钟同步报文时，通过内部机制指示第一会话的标识，第一会话的标识可以是第一会话的地址，或者第一会话对应的端口的标识等。
在一种实现方式中，在存在第三会话，且第三会话为群组会话的情况下，第二用户面网元可以将第一时钟同步报文与内部接口中的转发规则进行匹配。在确定出第三会话的第二转发规则的情况下，第二转发规则中包括第一会话的标识，第一会话为用户设备的会话。第二用户面网元可以根据第二转发规则，将第一时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址修改为第一会话的地址，并向接入侧发送处理后的第一时钟同步报文。第二转发规则可以是在控制面网元确定第一会话的状态信息后生成并配置到第三会话的。
在另一种实现方式中，在存在第三会话，且第三会话为群组会话的情况下，第二用户面网元可以将第一时钟同步报文与内部接口中的转发规则进行匹配。在确定出第三会话的第二转发规则的情况下，第二转发规则中包括第二FAR，第二FAR包括第一会话的标识，第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于发送的状态或待定的状态。第二转发规则可以是在控制面网元确定第一会话的状态信息后生成并配置到第三会话的。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，结合图7a，上述两种方式的执行也可以由第一用户面网元来执行。
1202、第一用户面网元接收第一时钟同步报文和第一会话的标识。
按照步骤1201中的一种实现方式，在第二用户面网元修改了第一时钟同步报文的目的地址或源地址的情况下，第一用户面网元可以根据第一时钟同步报文的目的地址或源地址确定第一会话的标识。
按照步骤1202中的另一种实现方式，第一用户面网元中配置的第一会话的转发规则中可以包括PDR，该PDR中包括第一会话的标识，以实现第一会话与第二用户面网元或者第三会话的配合。
1203、第一用户面网元转发第一时钟同步报文。
第二用户面网元转发时钟同步报文时，可以将报文的目的地址修改为用户设备的会话的地址，之后由第一用户面网元或内部接口修改成固定地址，或者使用内部接口机制时，在规则中指示第一会话的标识，实现了群组会话和用户设备的会话的配合，能够避免报文的重复传输。
可选的，在本申请实施例中，如图7c所示，在内部接口与第二用户面网元合一的情况下，第二用户面网元还可以确定第二会话的第一转发规则，该第一转发规则包括第一FAR，第一FAR包括第二会话的标识。第二会话为群组会话，第一转发规则配置在内部接口中， 第一FAR包括的第二会话的标识用于和用户设备的会话的PDR进行匹配。
这样，在内部接口与第二用户面网元合一的情况下，第二用户面网元可以从内部接口感知到会话的标识。
可选的，在本申请实施例中，转发规则的PDR中可以包括时钟域的信息，以实现用户设备在不同的时钟域内实现不同的转发规则。时钟域的信息可以是控制面网元在配置转发规则时配置到第一用户面网元和/或第二用户面网元的。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中涉及到的第一用户面网元中的转发规则可以是控制面网元向第一用户面网元配置的。
另外，上述图9-图12的通信方法中包含有上行时钟同步报文的转发，以及下行时钟同步报文的转发。本申请实施例提供的通信方法主要涉及下行时钟同步报文的转发，并不限定上行时钟同步报文的转发的执行。在一些实施例中，假设时钟源部署在DN网元侧，且为最优时钟源，那么第二用户面网元在接收到时钟同步报文之后，可以确定第二用户面网元侧的端口为S端口，并修改时钟同步报文的目的地址。之后，第二用户面网元向第一用户面网元发送该时钟同步报文，并指示下行发包的会话的标识。
且，上述图9-图12的通信方法中，在通过第一会话传输上行时钟同步报文的情况下，第一会话可能处于待定的状态，或者发送的状态，或者接收的状态。当第一会话处于发送的状态或者待定的状态时，会通过第一会话转发下行时钟同步报文。当第一会话处于接收的状态时，并不会通过第一会话转发下行时钟同步报文。因此，上述图9-图12的实施例中涉及到通过第一会话转发下行时钟同步报文的情况，第一会话为处于发送的状态或者待定的状态的会话。
上述主要从方法的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
如图13所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置130的结构示意图，该通信装置130应用于第一用户面网元，用于执行图9-图12所示的通信方法。通信装置130可以包括获取单元131、发送单元132、接收单元133和处理单元134。
获取单元131，用于获取第一时钟同步报文；从第二用户面网元获取第一会话的状态信息。例如，结合图9，获取单元131可以用于执行步骤915，结合图10，获取单元131可以用于执行步骤1016，结合图11，获取单元131可以用于执行步骤1115。发送单元132，用于向控制面网元发送获取单元131获取的第一会话的状态信息。例如，结合图9，发送单元132可以用于执行步骤910，结合图10，发送单元132可以用于执行步骤1011，结合图11，发送单元132可以用于执行步骤1110。接收单元133，用于从控制面网元接收第一转发规则，第一转发规则与第一会话的状态信息关联。例如，结合图9，接收单元133可以用于执行步骤914，结合图10，接收单元133可以用于执行步骤1015，结合图11，接收单元133可以用于执行步骤1114。处理单元134，用于根据接收单元133接收的第一转发规则处理获取单元131获取的第一时钟同步报文。例如，结合图9，处理单元134可以 用于执行步骤916，结合图10，处理单元134可以用于执行步骤1017，结合图11，处理单元134可以用于执行步骤1116。
可选的，第一会话为第一用户设备的会话，第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于待定的状态。响应于第一会话处于待定的状态，第一转发规则包括第二会话的标识和第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示丢弃与第二会话的标识对应的第一时钟同步报文，第二会话处于接收的状态。
可选的，获取单元131，具体用于接收来自第二用户面网元的状态信息和第一会话的标识；根据第一会话的标识，确定状态信息为第一会话的状态信息。
可选的，接收单元133，还用于接收来自第一会话的第二时钟同步报文。例如，结合图9，接收单元133可以用于执行步骤902，结合图10，接收单元133可以用于执行步骤1004，结合图11，接收单元133可以用于执行步骤1102。
如图14所示，通信装置130还可以包括替换单元135。替换单元135，用于将接收单元133接收的第二时钟同步报文的源地址或目的地址替换为第一会话的地址。例如，结合图9，替换单元135可以用于执行步骤903。发送单元132，还用于向第二用户面网元或内部接口发送替换单元135处理后的第二时钟同步报文。例如，结合图9，发送单元132可以用于执行步骤904。
可选的，如图14所示，通信装置130还可以包括确定单元136。确定单元136，用于确定第一会话的第二转发规则，第二转发规则包括FAR，FAR包括接入侧指示信息，接入侧指示信息用于指示第二时钟同步报文来自接入侧。
当然，本申请实施例提供的通信装置130包括但不限于上述模块。
在实际实现时，获取单元131、处理单元134、替换单元135、确定单元136可以由图8所示的通信装置的处理器来实现。发送单元132和接收单元133可以由图8所示的通信装置的通信接口来实现。其具体的执行过程可参考图9-图12所示的通信方法部分的描述，这里不再赘述。
本申请另一实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在第一用户面网元上运行时，使得第一用户面网元执行上述方法实施例所示的方法流程中第一用户面网元执行的各个步骤。
本申请另一实施例还提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统应用于第一用户面网元。芯片系统包括一个或多个接口电路，以及一个或多个处理器。接口电路和处理器通过线路互联。接口电路用于从第一用户面网元的存储器接收信号，并向处理器发送信号，信号包括存储器中存储的计算机指令。当处理器执行计算机指令时，第一用户面网元执行上述方法实施例所示的方法流程中第一用户面网元执行的各个步骤。
在本申请另一实施例中，还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在第一用户面网元上运行时，使得第一用户面网元执行上述方法实施例所示的方法流程中第一用户面网元执行的各个步骤。
如图15所示，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置150的结构示意图，该通信装置150应用于第二用户面网元，用于执行图9-图12所示的通信方法。通信装置150可以包括获取单元151、确定单元152和发送单元153。
获取单元151，用于获取第一会话的标识。例如，结合图9，获取单元151可以用于 执行步骤906，结合图10，获取单元151可以用于执行步骤1007，结合图11，获取单元151可以用于执行步骤1105。确定单元152，用于确定第一会话的状态信息。例如，结合图9，确定单元152可以用于执行步骤907，结合图10，确定单元152可以用于执行步骤1008，结合图11，确定单元152可以用于执行步骤1106。发送单元153，用于向第一用户面网元发送确定单元152确定的第一会话的状态信息和获取单元151获取的第一会话的标识；或者，根据第一会话的状态信息转发第一时钟同步报文和获取单元151获取的第一会话的标识。例如，结合图9，发送单元153可以用于执行步骤908，结合图10，发送单元153可以用于执行步骤1009，结合图11，发送单元153可以用于执行步骤1107，结合图12，发送单元153可以用于执行步骤1201。
可选的，获取单元151，具体用于：接收来自第一用户面网元的第二时钟同步报文，第二时钟同步报文包括第一会话的标识。
可选的，获取单元151，具体用于：接收来自控制面网元的第一会话的标识。
可选的，确定单元152，还用于确定第二会话的第一转发规则，第一转发规则包括第一FAR，第一FAR包括第二会话的标识。
可选的，如图16所示，通信装置150还可以包括修改单元154。修改单元154，用于将第一时钟同步报文的地址修改为第一会话的地址。发送单元153，还用于向接入侧发送修改单元154处理后的第一时钟同步报文。
可选的，确定单元152，还用于确定第三会话的第二转发规则，第二转发规则包括第二FAR，第二FAR包括第一会话的标识，第一会话的状态信息用于指示第一会话处于发送的状态或待定的状态，第三会话为群组会话。
当然，本申请实施例提供的通信装置150包括但不限于上述模块。
在实际实现时，获取单元151、确定单元152、修改单元154可以由图8所示的通信装置的处理器来实现。发送单元153可以由图8所示的通信装置的通信接口来实现。其具体的执行过程可参考图9-图12所示的通信方法部分的描述，这里不再赘述。
本申请另一实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在第二用户面网元上运行时，使得第二用户面网元执行上述方法实施例所示的方法流程中第二用户面网元执行的各个步骤。
本申请另一实施例还提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统应用于第二用户面网元。芯片系统包括一个或多个接口电路，以及一个或多个处理器。接口电路和处理器通过线路互联。接口电路用于从第二用户面网元的存储器接收信号，并向处理器发送信号，信号包括存储器中存储的计算机指令。当处理器执行计算机指令时，第二用户面网元执行上述方法实施例所示的方法流程中第二用户面网元执行的各个步骤。
在本申请另一实施例中，还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在第二用户面网元上运行时，使得第二用户面网元执行上述方法实施例所示的方法流程中第二用户面网元执行的各个步骤。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机执行指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算 机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)，光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式。熟悉本技术领域的技术人员根据本申请提供的具体实施方式，可想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第一用户面网元，包括：
    获取第一时钟同步报文；
    从第二用户面网元获取第一会话的状态信息；
    向控制面网元发送所述第一会话的状态信息；
    从所述控制面网元接收第一转发规则，所述第一转发规则与所述第一会话的状态信息关联；
    根据所述第一转发规则处理所述第一时钟同步报文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一会话为第一用户设备的会话，所述第一会话的状态信息用于指示所述第一会话处于待定的状态；
    响应于所述第一会话处于所述待定的状态，所述第一转发规则包括第二会话的标识和第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示丢弃与所述第二会话的标识对应的所述第一时钟同步报文，所述第二会话处于接收的状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述从第二用户面网元获取第一会话的状态信息，包括：
    接收来自所述第二用户面网元的状态信息和所述第一会话的标识；
    根据所述第一会话的标识，确定所述状态信息为所述第一会话的状态信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一会话的第二时钟同步报文；
    将所述第二时钟同步报文的源地址替换为所述第一会话的地址；
    向所述第二用户面网元或内部接口发送处理后的第二时钟同步报文。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    确定所述第一会话的第二转发规则，所述第二转发规则包括转发操作规则FAR，所述FAR包括接入侧指示信息，所述接入侧指示信息用于指示第二时钟同步报文来自接入侧。
  6. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第二用户面网元，包括：
    获取第一会话的标识；
    确定所述第一会话的状态信息；
    向第一用户面网元发送所述第一会话的状态信息和所述第一会话的标识；或者，根据所述第一会话的状态信息转发第一时钟同步报文和所述第一会话的标识。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述获取第一会话的标识，包括：
    接收来自所述第一用户面网元的第二时钟同步报文，所述第二时钟同步报文包括所述第一会话的标识。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述获取第一会话的标识，包括：
    接收来自控制面网元的所述第一会话的标识。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    确定第二会话的第一转发规则，所述第一转发规则包括第一转发操作规则FAR，所述第一FAR包括所述第二会话的标识。
  10. 根据权利要求6-9中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    将所述第一时钟同步报文的地址修改为所述第一会话的地址；
    向接入侧发送处理后的第一时钟同步报文。
  11. 根据权利要求6-9中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    确定第三会话的第二转发规则，所述第二转发规则包括第二FAR，所述第二FAR包括所述第一会话的标识，所述第一会话的状态信息用于指示所述第一会话处于发送的状态或待定的状态，所述第三会话为群组会话。
  12. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，应用于第一用户面网元，包括：
    获取单元，用于获取第一时钟同步报文；从第二用户面网元获取第一会话的状态信息；
    发送单元，用于向控制面网元发送所述获取单元获取的所述第一会话的状态信息；
    接收单元，用于从所述控制面网元接收第一转发规则，所述第一转发规则与所述第一会话的状态信息关联；
    处理单元，用于根据所述接收单元接收的所述第一转发规则处理所述获取单元获取的所述第一时钟同步报文。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第一会话为第一用户设备的会话，所述第一会话的状态信息用于指示所述第一会话处于待定的状态；
    响应于所述第一会话处于所述待定的状态，所述第一转发规则包括第二会话的标识和第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示丢弃与所述第二会话的标识对应的所述第一时钟同步报文，所述第二会话处于接收的状态。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元，具体用于：
    接收来自所述第二用户面网元的状态信息和所述第一会话的标识；
    根据所述第一会话的标识，确定所述状态信息为所述第一会话的状态信息。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14中任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括：替换单元；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收来自所述第一会话的第二时钟同步报文；
    所述替换单元，用于将所述接收单元接收的所述第二时钟同步报文的源地址替换为所述第一会话的地址；
    所述发送单元，还用于向所述第二用户面网元或内部接口发送所述替换单元处理后的第二时钟同步报文。
  16. 根据权利要求12-15中任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括：确定单元；
    所述确定单元，用于确定所述第一会话的第二转发规则，所述第二转发规则包括转发操作规则FAR，所述FAR包括接入侧指示信息，所述接入侧指示信息用于指示第二时钟同步报文来自接入侧。
  17. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，应用于第二用户面网元，包括：
    获取单元，用于获取第一会话的标识；
    确定单元，用于确定所述第一会话的状态信息；
    发送单元，用于向第一用户面网元发送所述确定单元确定的所述第一会话的状态信息和所述获取单元获取的所述第一会话的标识；或者，根据所述第一会话的状态信息转发第一时钟同步报文和所述获取单元获取的所述第一会话的标识。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元，具体用于：
    接收来自所述第一用户面网元的第二时钟同步报文，所述第二时钟同步报文包括所述第一会话的标识。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述获取单元，具体用于：
    接收来自控制面网元的所述第一会话的标识。
  20. 根据权利要求17-19中任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元，还用于确定第二会话的第一转发规则，所述第一转发规则包括第一转发操作规则FAR，所述第一FAR包括所述第二会话的标识。
  21. 根据权利要求17-20中任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括：修改单元；
    所述修改单元，用于将所述第一时钟同步报文的地址修改为所述第一会话的地址；
    所述发送单元，还用于向接入侧发送所述修改单元处理后的第一时钟同步报文。
  22. 根据权利要求17-20中任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元，还用于确定第三会话的第二转发规则，所述第二转发规则包括第二FAR，所述第二FAR包括所述第一会话的标识，所述第一会话的状态信息用于指示所述第一会话处于发送的状态或待定的状态，所述第三会话为群组会话。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括存储器和处理器；所述存储器和所述处理器耦合；所述存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码包括计算机指令；当所述处理器执行所述计算机指令时，所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的通信方法，或者执行如权利要求6-11中任意一项所述的通信方法。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在通信装置上运行时，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的通信方法，或者执行如权利要求6-11中任意一项所述的通信方法。
  25. 一种包含计算机指令的计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的通信方法，或者执行如权利要求6-11中任意一项所述的通信方法。
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CN111211852A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2020-05-29 华为技术有限公司 同步的方法和装置
CN111866987A (zh) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-30 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法及装置
WO2020222197A1 (en) * 2019-05-02 2020-11-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) 5g system signaling methods to convey tsn synchronization information

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111211852A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2020-05-29 华为技术有限公司 同步的方法和装置
CN111866987A (zh) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-30 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法及装置
WO2020222197A1 (en) * 2019-05-02 2020-11-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) 5g system signaling methods to convey tsn synchronization information

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