WO2022168765A1

WO2022168765A1 - Data collection system, data collection method, and mobile body

Info

Publication number: WO2022168765A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/003419
Authority: WO
Inventors: 聰中川; 雅文川関
Original assignee: トライポッド・デザイン株式会社
Priority date: 2021-02-05
Filing date: 2022-01-28
Publication date: 2022-08-11
Also published as: JP2022120733A

Abstract

The objective of the present invention is to provide a data collection system capable of collecting data by moving a collection node.　The data collection system is provided with a sensor node, a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by the sensor node, and a mobile body including the collection node. The data collection system is provided with a position information storage means that stores position information regarding the position of the sensor node. The mobile body is provided with a collection node moving means that moves the collection node from the position of the sensor node to within a first predetermined range. The sensor node is provided with a first sensing data transmission means that transmits the acquired sensing data to the collection node. The collection node is provided with a sensing data reception means that receives the sensing data from the sensor node.

Description

Data collection system, data collection method, and moving object

The present invention relates to a data collection system that can collect data by moving collection nodes.

A sensor node is installed in the place where you want to acquire data, and the data is acquired. The data acquired by the sensor nodes is then transmitted to a fixed base station with collection nodes.

However, the locations where sensor nodes can be installed are limited to within a predetermined range from the base station, and depend on the distance that the sensor nodes can transmit data.

At least one object of the present invention is to provide a data collection system that can collect data by moving collection nodes.

According to the present invention, the above object can be solved by [1] to [19].
[1] A data collection system that includes a sensor node, a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by the sensor node, and a moving object that has the collection node, wherein the data collection system collects location information about the location of the sensor node. The moving body comprises a collection node moving means for moving the collection node from the position of the sensor node to within a first predetermined range, and the sensor node transmits the acquired sensing data to the collection node. A data collection system comprising first sensing data transmitting means for transmitting, wherein the collection node comprises sensing data receiving means for receiving sensing data from the sensor node;
[2] The collection node includes signal transmission means for transmitting a signal to the sensor node, and the first sensing data transmission means transmits sensing data to the collection node when a signal is transmitted by the signal transmission means. The data collection system according to [1];
[3] The data collection system comprises a wireless device, and the sensor node includes sensing data transmittable notification transmitting means for transmitting a notification that sensing data can be transmitted to the wireless device, and identification information for identifying the sensor node. a first identification information transmitting means for transmitting to the wireless device, wherein the wireless device transmits to the moving body the identification information of the sensor node to which the sensing data transmittable notification transmitting means has transmitted the notification that the sensing data can be transmitted. The data collection system according to [1] or [2], comprising a second identification information transmission means for
[4] The moving body comprises sensor node installation means for installing a sensor node, and the location information storage means stores the location information of the sensor node when installed by the sensor node installation means, [1] to [3] ] The data collection system according to any one of;
[5] The sensor node has location information specifying means for specifying location information of the sensor node, and the data collection system stores the location information of the sensor node stored by the location information storage means and specified by the location information specifying means. The data collection system according to any one of [1] to [4], comprising location information updating means for updating the location information of the sensor node that has been received;
[6] The data collection system comprises movement route identification means for identifying the movement route of the moving object based on the position information of the sensor node stored by the position information storage means, and the collection node movement means is the movement route identification means The data collection system according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the collection node is moved according to the movement path specified by;
[7] The sensor node is connected to a current collection system, the current collection system includes a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, and a functional portion, and the first conductive portion and the functional portion are connected , the second conductive part and the functional part are connected, the first conductive part and the second conductive part are not in contact with each other, and the first conductive part and the second conductive part are brought into contact with the medium to collect current , the data collection system according to any one of [1] to [6];
[8] The data collection system comprises transmission identification means for identifying sensor nodes that have transmitted sensing data within a predetermined period of time, and the collection node moving means identifies that the data has been transmitted within the predetermined period of time by the transmission identification means. The data collection system according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the collection node moves within a first predetermined range from the position of the sensor node other than the detected sensor node;
[9] The sensor node includes a plurality of sensors, and the data collection system includes transmission target sensing data identifying means for identifying sensing data to be transmitted among sensing data that can be acquired from the plurality of sensors included in the sensor node. , the data collection system according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the first sensing data transmitting means transmits the sensing data specified by the transmission target sensing data specifying means;
[10] The first sensing data transmission means can transmit sensing data by a plurality of communication methods, and the data collection system includes communication method changing means for changing the communication method of the first sensing data transmission means. , the data collection system according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the first sensing data transmission means transmits data by the communication method changed by the communication method change means;
[11] The data collection system according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the collection node comprises power supply means for supplying power to the sensor node;
[12] The data collection system comprises a wireless device installed within a second predetermined range from the position of the sensor node, the wireless device comprises notification transmission means for transmitting a notification to the mobile body, and the mobile body: The data collection system according to any one of [1] to [11], comprising position specifying means for specifying the position of the sensor node based on the position of the wireless device corresponding to the notification transmitted by the notification transmission means;
[13] The data collection system includes a determination node that determines the state of the sensor node, and the determination node includes first state determination means that determines the state of the sensor node based on sensing data transmitted from the sensor node. , the data collection system according to any one of [1] to [12];
[14] Any one of [1] to [13], wherein the data collection system includes another computer device, and the collection node includes second sensing data transmission means for transmitting sensing data to the other computer device. data collection system;
[15] The data collection system includes a wireless device, the sensor node and the wireless device are connected, and the wireless device determines whether the sensor node is capable of transmitting sensing data; any one of [1] to [14], further comprising a third identification information transmission means for transmitting identification information of a sensor node determined to be capable of transmitting sensing data by the sensing data transmission determination means, to the moving object; the data collection system described;
[16] The data collection system includes a determination node that determines the state of the sensor node, the sensor node and the determination node are connected, and the determination node includes second state determination means that determines the state of the sensor node. The data collection system according to any one of [1] to [15];
[17] A data collection method using a data collection system that includes a sensor node, a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by the sensor node, and a moving body that has the collection node, wherein the data collection system includes the sensor node The moving body has a collection node moving step of moving the collection node from the position of the sensor node to within a first predetermined range, and the sensor node is A data collection method comprising a sensing data transmission step of transmitting acquired sensing data to a collection node, the collection node having a sensing data reception step of receiving the sensing data from the sensor node;
[18] A moving body having a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by the sensor node, the position information storage means for storing position information about the position of the sensor node, within a first predetermined range from the position of the sensor node a mobile body comprising collection node moving means for moving the collection node to the collection node, the collection node comprising sensing data receiving means for receiving sensing data from the sensor node;
[19] A data collection method using a data collection system comprising a sensor node and a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by the sensor node, wherein the data collection system stores location information about the location of the sensor node Sensing data transmission, which has an information storage step and has a collection node moving step of moving the collection node from the position of the sensor node to within a first predetermined range, wherein the sensor node transmits the acquired sensing data to the collection node. A data collection method, comprising: a step of receiving sensing data, wherein the collection node receives sensing data from the sensor node.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a data collection system that can collect data by moving collection nodes.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a data collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a current collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram representing a sensor node according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between time and current I when switching ON and OFF of a transistor in a sensor node according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of sensor nodes according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of position information storage processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of location information update processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of sensing data reception processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of sensor node position specifying processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flow chart of transmittable sensor node identification processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of power supply processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of determination processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description of effects is one aspect of the effects of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not limited to what is described here. Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments as long as the gist of the present invention is not violated.

[Configuration of data collection system]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a data collection system according to an embodiment of the invention. As illustrated, the data collection system includes sensor nodes 10 (

sensor nodes

10a, 10b, . . . 10z), collection nodes 11 that receive sensing data acquired by the

sensor nodes

10, 12 and radio equipment 13 (

radio equipment

13a, 13b, . . . 13z).

A communication connection is possible between the sensor node 10 and the collection node 11, and between the sensor node 10 and the moving object 12. Also, the wireless device 13 and the collection node 11 and the wireless device 13 and the moving object 12 can be connected for communication. Further, the sensor nodes 10 may be capable of communication connection with the wireless device 13 corresponding to each sensor node 10 . In that case, one sensor node 10 may correspond to one wireless device 13, or a plurality of sensor nodes 10 may correspond to one wireless device 13, or one sensor node 10 may correspond to a plurality of wireless devices. The device 13 may correspond. Also, the collection node 11 and the moving object 12 may be capable of communication connection.

Although not shown, the sensor node 10, the collection node 11, the mobile object 12, and the wireless device 13 may further be capable of communication connection with other computer devices. The computer device is not particularly limited as long as it has a communication unit, a storage unit, and a control unit, and examples thereof include a server device and a terminal device. If the computer device is a terminal device, it is preferable that a dedicated application compatible with the data collection system of the present invention is installed.

Also, although not shown, the data collection system may further include a determination node that determines the state of the sensor node. The determination node may be capable of communication connection with each of the sensor node 10, the collection node 11, the mobile object 12, the wireless device 13, and other computer devices.

The above communication connection does not have to be performed all the time, as long as it is possible to connect as necessary.

The sensor node 10 is not particularly limited as long as it has a sensor and a communication unit.

The sensor provided in the sensor node 10 is not particularly limited as long as it senses or measures predetermined information. Hereinafter, information sensed or measured by the sensor provided in the sensor node 10 is referred to as sensing data. In addition, the sensor node 10 acquires sensing data that the sensor provided in the sensor node 10 senses or measures information, or that the sensor node 10 stores information sensed or measured by the sensor provided in the sensor node 10. It is said to do. When the sensor node 10 stores information sensed or measured by a sensor included in the sensor node 10, the sensor node 10 may include a storage unit.

The sensor may acquire sensing data related to the external environment, such as acceleration, outside temperature, atmospheric pressure, illuminance, and UV irradiation. Alternatively, when the sensor node 10 is worn by a human or other animal, the sensor acquires sensing data related to the internal environment of the wearer, such as heart rate, electrocardiogram potential, blood pressure, and body temperature. It is also possible to be

The sensor node 10 should be equipped with one or more sensors. Further, when the sensor node 10 includes a plurality of sensors, sensors that acquire different types of sensing data may be provided. Alternatively, when the sensor node 10 includes a plurality of sensors, sensors that acquire the same type of sensing data but have different sensing data acquisition ranges may be provided.

The data collection system may specify the sensing data to be transmitted from among the sensing data that can be acquired from the multiple sensors provided in the sensor node 10 . Also, the sensing data to be transmitted may be specified by any of the wireless device 13, the mobile object 12, the collection node 11, the sensor node 10, or another computer device. The identified sensing data may then be transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the collection node 11 . Alternatively, the identified sensing data may be transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the determination node.

For example, if the temperature sensing data acquired by the sensor node 10 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value for a predetermined period of time, the temperature and humidity sensing data may also be specified as transmission targets. good.

In this way, the sensor node includes a plurality of sensors, and the data collection system includes transmission target sensing data identifying means for identifying the sensing data to be transmitted among the sensing data that can be acquired from the plurality of sensors included in the sensor node. In addition, the sensing data to be collected can be specified by the first sensing data transmitting means transmitting the sensing data specified by the transmission target sensing data specifying means.

The communication unit is not particularly limited as long as it can communicate with the collection node 11, mobile unit 12, wireless device 13, other computer devices, and the like. The communication unit may be capable of communication connection by one or more communication methods. A communication method is not particularly limited as long as communication can be performed. The communication method may be communication performed by propagating through space. For example, the communication method may be LPWA, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, BLE, RFID, NFC, IrDA, and the like. From the viewpoint of reducing power consumption, LPWA, BLE, RFID, NFC, IrDA, etc. are preferable as the communication method.

The data collection system may be able to change the communication method used when the sensor node 10 transmits sensing data to the collection node 11. Also, the change of the communication method may be performed by any of the wireless device 13, the mobile unit 12, the collection node 11, the sensor node 10, or another computer device.

For example, the sensor node 10 may transmit sensing data by NFC, which is short-range communication, during the daytime, and transmit sensing data by LPWA, which is long-distance communication at night. Alternatively, the communication method may be changed according to the distance between the sensor node 10 and the collection node 11. FIG.

Further, the data collection system of the present invention may be capable of changing the communication method not only when the sensor node 10 transmits sensing data to the collection node 11, but also when communicating in various situations. . For example, the data collection system may be capable of changing the communication method used when the collection node 11 transmits sensing data to another computer device.

In this way, the first sensing data transmitting means can transmit sensing data by a plurality of communication methods, and the data collection system has a communication method changing means for changing the communication method of the first sensing data transmitting means. In addition, the first sensing data transmitting means transmits the data by the communication method changed by the communication method changing means, so that the sensing data can be transmitted and received by the communication method according to the situation.

Also, the sensor node 10 may be connected to a current collection system, which will be described later. Acquisition of sensing data and transmission of sensing data may be performed using power obtained by the power collection system. Alternatively, sensing data acquisition and sensing data transmission may be performed using power obtained from something other than the current collection system, such as a battery, solar power generation, or microbial power generation. It may be performed by both electric power and power obtained from sources other than current collection systems, such as batteries, solar power generation, and microbial power generation.

Further, the sensor node 10 includes a power storage unit that stores electricity, an output voltage conversion unit that converts output voltage such as a booster circuit or a step-down circuit, a control unit such as a microcomputer that controls circuits, and a controller that displays information. GNSS for specifying a position such as a display unit, a light source such as an incandescent lamp or a light emitting diode, a heating element that emits heat, a sound generator that emits sound, a transmitter that emits a signal, a storage unit, and the like may be provided. GNSS shall include technologies for determining position such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, QZSS, Gagan.

Also, the sensor node 10 may be assigned an identification number. Then, the identification number of the sensor node 10 may be stored in the storage unit of the sensor node 10 . Hereinafter, it is assumed that the sensor node 10 is assigned an identification number, and the identification number of the sensor node 10 is stored in the storage unit of the sensor node 10 . Information for identifying the sensor node 10 including the identification number of the sensor node 10 is referred to as identification information of the sensor node 10 .

The collection node 11 is not particularly limited as long as it has a communication unit and a storage unit. The collection node 11 receives the sensing data transmitted from the transmission node 10 and stores it in the storage unit. Also, the collection node 11 may transmit the received sensing data to another computer device. The collection node 11 may also include a power supply unit that supplies power to other devices, such as the sensor node 10 .

The communication unit of the collection node 11 can adopt the description of the communication unit of the sensor node 10 to the extent necessary.

The collection node 11 may be provided inside the mobile object 12 or may be provided outside the mobile object 12 . Also, the collection node 11 may have the shape of a device, or may be functionally provided without having the shape of a device.

The mobile object 12 is not particularly limited as long as it can move the collection node 11. The moving body 12 can be a known one, and may be one in which a person can board or one in which a person cannot board. Further, the shape of the mobile body 12 may be a vehicle type that can travel on the ground, an aircraft type that can fly in the sky, a ship type that can move on water, or a vehicle that can dive underwater. submersible type. Alternatively, the moving body 12 may be a humanoid robot, a dog-shaped robot, or the like.

The mobile unit 12 may be equipped with a communication unit, a control unit, and a storage unit. Also, the moving body 12 may include a sensor, a camera, a conversion unit, and the like. Additionally, the mobile 12 may include a power supply that powers other devices, such as the sensor node 10 .

The communication unit of the mobile object 12 can adopt the description of the communication unit of the sensor node 10 to the extent necessary.

Also, if the moving object 12 is of the flying object type, the control unit may control the flight. The control unit of the moving body 12 is composed of a CPU, a RAM, and a ROM, and controls the flight of the moving body 12 based on information obtained from sensors provided on the moving body 12 and/or route information. You can do it.

The sensors provided by the moving body 12 may include various sensors such as a gyro sensor, an acceleration sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a magnetic direction sensor, a GNSS, an infrared sensor, and a visible light sensor. A gyro sensor detects the tilt, or attitude, of the moving object 12, an acceleration sensor detects the speed of the moving object 12, an atmospheric pressure sensor and an ultrasonic sensor detect the altitude of the moving object 12, and a magnetic direction sensor detects the direction the moving object 12 faces. , the latitude and longitude of the mobile object 12 may be detected by GNSS, and obstacles around the mobile object 12 may be mainly detected by an infrared sensor, a visible light sensor, or an ultrasonic sensor.

The camera provided on the moving body 12 may take pictures of the surroundings of the moving body 12. Video data captured by the camera can be converted in data format by the conversion unit and transmitted to another computer device by the communication unit.

The shape of the flying object type moving object 12 may be either a rotary wing type or a fixed wing type. Further, the mobile object 12 may be autonomously controlled in flight based on route information or the like, or may be controlled in flight by being wirelessly operated by an operator.

The wireless device 13 is not particularly limited as long as communication connection is possible. The wireless device 13 may include a communication section. For example, the wireless device 13 can use a beacon or the like.

The communication unit of the wireless device 13 can adopt the description of the communication unit of the sensor node 10 to the extent necessary.

Also, the data collection system may include a plurality of collection nodes 11 and mobile bodies 12. Then, each collection node 11 and mobile unit 12 may be capable of communication connection with each other.

[Current collection system]
The sensor node 10 of the present invention may be connected with a current collection system. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the current collection system according to the embodiment of the invention. As shown, the current collection system is composed of a first conductive portion 1 , a second conductive portion 2 and a functional portion 3 . The first conductive portion 1 and the functional portion 3, and the functional portion 3 and the second conductive portion 2 are electrically connected to each other. “Electrically connected” means, for example, to be electrically connected by a lead wire or the like.

The first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 of the current collection system are not in contact with each other. "Non-contact" means, for example, a state in which the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 are not in direct contact.

The current collection system collects current by bringing part or all of the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 into contact with the medium. That is, the current collection system generates electric power by bringing part or all of the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 into contact with the medium.

The distance between the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or less, even more preferably 3 mm or less, particularly 1 mm or less. It is preferably 0.5 mm or less, particularly preferably 0.1 mm or less, most preferably 0.05 mm or less.

The distance between the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 may be constant or partially different. When the distance between the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 is partially different, the distance of the closest part in the distance between the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 is It is preferably within the above range. Further, when the distance between the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 is partially different, the average value of the distance between the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 is within the above range. Preferably. When the distance between the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 is within the above range, the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 can efficiently come into contact with the medium, thereby collecting current. easier.

Both the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 preferably have conductivity. Here, examples of materials for the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 include metal, conductive polymer, carbon, conductive fiber, conductive rubber, and the like.

The shapes of the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 are not particularly limited. The shape of the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 may be rectangular parallelepiped, cylindrical (rod-shaped), pyramidal, conical, plate-like, sheet-like, film-like, string-like or powdery, Any shape is acceptable.

In the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2, a material having no conductivity is coated with a material having conductivity, or a material having conductivity is used in the material having no conductivity. may be used. For example, a plastic film coated with metal, or a cream paste mixed with metal powder may be used. Moreover, the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 may have flexibility.

Examples of metals used for the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 include silver, copper, gold, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, nickel, platinum, tin, titanium, stainless steel, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, or In addition, it can be used by appropriately selecting from oxides of the respective metals described above. Also, the predetermined metal may be coated with another metal different from the predetermined metal or another conductive material.

The materials of the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 may be of different types or may be of the same type. For example, sheet-like stainless steel can be used for the first conductive portion 1 and sheet-like zinc can be used for the second conductive portion 2 . In this case, the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 are connected to the functional portion 3 or the booster circuit/step-down circuit via conductors.

When the polarization resistance is measured for at least one of the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 using the AC impedance method, the measured value is preferably 100Ω or more.

Here, the conductive portion that is the starting point of the current is defined as the first conductive portion 1, and the conductive portion that is the ending point is defined as the second conductive portion 2. Which conductive part functions as the first conductive part 1 is determined by the material of the conductive part or the environment surrounding the conductive part (for example, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, pH, etc.). A chemical reaction occurs at the interface between the first conductive portion 1 or the second conductive portion 2 and the medium, and free electrons are generated in the conductive portion.

For example, when different metals are used for the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2, it is better to use a metal with a low standard electrode potential for the first conductive part 1. A metal with a high standard electrode potential is used. The side becomes the second conductive portion 2 . In this case, electrons move from the second conductive portion 2 toward the functional portion 3 and electrons move from the functional portion 3 toward the first conductive portion 1 . That is, a current is generated from the first conductive portion 1 side to the second conductive portion 2 side via the functional portion 3 . For example, in the second conductive portion 2, the metal forming the conductive portion is eluted into the medium as cations, generating free electrons. In the first conductive portion 1, the cations in the medium water react with the electrons. , is electrically neutralized.

　The level of the standard electrode potential is determined by comparing the relative values (relative values) of the standard electrode potentials of substances, not the absolute values of the standard electrode potentials. For example, when substance A with a standard electrode potential of −5 V and substance B with a standard electrode potential of +2 V are compared, the standard electrode potential of substance A is low and the standard electrode potential of substance B is high.

On the other hand, even when the same metal is used for the conductive parts, depending on the conditions of the surrounding environment of the conductive parts such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, pH, etc., one of the conductive parts may be the first conductive part 1 and the other conductive part may The portion functions as the second conductive portion 2 and current is generated. Therefore, if the conditions such as the ambient temperature, humidity, air pressure, and pH of the two conductive parts change, the one that functions as the first conductive part functions as the second conductive part, and functions as the second conductive part. can function as the first conductive part.

The electromotive force generated from the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 is preferably 0.9 V or less, more preferably 0.35 V or less, and even more preferably 0.25 V or less. Moreover, the electromotive force generated from the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 is preferably 5 mV or more.

Also, although not shown, the current collection system may include a plurality of first conductive parts 1 and a plurality of second conductive parts 2 . For example, a plurality of first conductive portions 1a, 1b, . . . 1n (n is an integer equal to or greater than 2) may be electrically connected in parallel. 2m (m is an integer equal to or greater than 2) may be electrically connected in parallel. Note that the plurality of first conductive portions 1a, 1b, . . . 1n may be electrically connected in series. Furthermore, a plurality of second conductive portions 2a, 2b, . . . 2m may be electrically connected in series.

The functional unit 3 is, for example, one that executes a predetermined function by energizing it. The functional unit 3 includes a power consumption unit that consumes power to perform a predetermined function, a power storage unit that stores electricity generated in the conductive unit, and an output voltage converter that converts the output voltage like a booster circuit or a step-down circuit. , a control unit such as a microcomputer for controlling circuits, a communication unit capable of wirelessly communicating with other devices, a display unit for displaying information, and the like.

As the power consumption unit, for example, a light source such as an incandescent light bulb or a light emitting diode, a heating element that emits heat, a sound generator that emits sound, a transmitter that emits a signal, or a sensor that senses predetermined information can be used. can. The power storage unit may be included in the step-up circuit or step-down circuit. A control unit such as a microcomputer can control a circuit to release electricity stored in the power storage unit under predetermined conditions. The discharged electricity is consumed by the power consumption section. In addition, since a control unit such as a microcomputer consumes a small amount of power, it is possible to control the discharge of stored electricity while securing the power necessary to activate the control unit.

The functional unit 3 may include any one of a power consumption unit, a power storage unit, an output voltage conversion unit, a communication unit, a display unit, and a control unit. The functional unit 3 may be configured by combining any two or more of the unit, the display unit, and the control unit. Further, the functional unit 3 may be configured by integrating any two or more of the power consumption unit, the power storage unit, the output voltage conversion unit, the communication unit, the display unit, and the control unit. The unit, the output voltage conversion unit, the communication unit, the display unit, and the control unit may be configured separately while being electrically connected.

The input impedance in the functional unit 3 is preferably 1 kΩ or more, more preferably 10 kΩ or more. Also, the input impedance of the functional unit 3 preferably has a nonlinear current-voltage characteristic (IV characteristic). The non-linear current-voltage characteristic is, for example, in the voltage change when the current is passed through the functional unit 3, the voltage value increases as the current value increases, but the current value increases as the current value increases. This is the case in which the voltage value required for the current is not proportional to the current. In other words, the higher the voltage applied to the functional unit 3, the higher the current value. It refers to the case where it is not proportional to the value. The nonlinear current-voltage characteristic of the input impedance in the functional part 3 makes it easier to maintain the electromotive force generated between the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 .

The functional unit 3 preferably has a function of converting the output impedance. This makes it possible to control the influence on the input signal of the functional unit 3 .

In addition, the functional unit 3 has an electricity storage unit, and accumulates charges supplied from the first conductive unit and/or the second conductive unit. The control unit performs control so that the accumulated charges are released in a time shorter than the time required for accumulating the charges.

The lower limit of the operating voltage of the functional unit 3 is preferably 0.9V or less. It is more preferable to operate at 0.35V or less, and even more preferably at 20mV or less.

The medium may be in any form of gas, liquid, and solid. The medium may be sol or gel. The medium is not particularly limited as long as it can cause a chemical reaction at the interface with the first conductive portion 1 or the second conductive portion 2 . As the medium, it is preferable to use a medium having no conductivity.

The gas used as the medium is not particularly limited as long as it is a gas when the current collection system collects current, but examples include oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, and methane. When a gas is used as the medium, only a single type of gas may be used, but a mixture of multiple types of these gases may also be used. The medium preferably contains moisture.

The liquid used as the medium is not particularly limited. For example, water, a highly polar organic solvent, a low polar organic solvent, or a non-polar organic solvent can be used. Moreover, the liquid used as the medium may be a mixture of water and a highly polar organic solvent, a mixture of two or more different organic solvents, an emulsion, or the like. As for the water, not only pure water but also one containing an electrolyte, that is, an electrolytic solution can be used.

In addition, the liquid used as a medium includes sweat and the like. The main component of sweat is water. Sweat may be liquid or may evaporate into a gas. Sweat may also contain electrolytes, lactate, urea, sebum, trace elements, and the like. Furthermore, foreign substances such as mud, soil, and sand may be mixed in sweat.

Among the electrolytes contained in the medium, the concentration of cations may be 1 mol/L or less, 0.6 mol/L or less, 0.1 mol/L or less, or 0.1 mol/L or less. 01 mol/L or less, or even 0.001 mol/L or less.

Examples of highly polar organic solvents that can be used include lower alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, lower carboxylic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, and dimethylsulfoxide. As the low-polarity organic solvent, higher alcohols such as hexanol and octanol, higher carboxylic acids such as hexanoic acid and octanoic acid, and the like can be used. Examples of non-polar organic solvents include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, octane and nonane, and aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene and xylene. When a liquid is used as the medium, only a single type of liquid may be used, or a mixture of multiple types of these liquids may be used.

The solid used as the medium is not particularly limited. For example, powdery or granular solids such as sand and soil can be used. Alternatively, highly water-absorbing solids can be used, such as, for example, plaster.

The solid used as the medium preferably contains water. The water content of the solid used as the medium is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, and even more preferably 10% by mass or more. Moreover, the water content of the solid used as the medium is preferably 200% by mass or less. Here, the moisture content refers to the weight of water divided by the sum of the weights of water and solids.

The resistance value between the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 of the medium is preferably 1 kΩ or more, more preferably 10 kΩ or more.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power converter according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a circuit diagram of a booster circuit according to an embodiment of the invention. The step-up circuit or step-down circuit is an example of the functional unit 3 and includes a power storage unit.

As shown, inductor L, diode D, transistor Tr, and capacitor C are electrically connected. For example, the input terminal A1 is connected to the first conductive portion 1, and the input terminal A2 is connected to the second conductive portion 2. The output terminal B1 and the output terminal B2 are connected to a power consumption section, a control section, and the like. Note that the control unit may be connected in parallel with the booster circuit between the first conductive unit 1 and the second conductive unit 2 and the booster circuit.

Electric energy is stored in the inductor L when the input voltage V _IN is applied when the transistor Tr is ON. _The input voltage V _IN is the potential difference between the connection _point P1 and the connection point P2. When the transistor Tr is OFF, the energy stored in the inductor L is added to the electrical energy derived from the input voltage _VIN and output through the diode D. As a result, the output voltage _VOUT , which is the potential difference between the connection points _P3 and P4 _, is higher than the input voltage _VIN . The booster circuit is based on the premise that the input voltage _VIN is a voltage lower than a predetermined voltage, and the boost control may not be executed at a voltage higher than the predetermined voltage. The input voltage V _IN of the booster circuit is preferably 5 mV or higher. Note that ON/OFF of the transistor Tr is controlled by the control unit.

FIG. 3(B) is a circuit diagram of the step-down circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown, transistor Tr, inductor L, diode D, and capacitor C are electrically connected. For example, the input terminal A1 is connected to the first conductive portion 1, and the input terminal A2 is connected to the second conductive portion 2. The output terminal B1 and the output terminal B2 are connected to a power consumption section, a control section, and the like. The controller may be connected in parallel with the step-down circuit between the step-down circuit and the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 .

Electric energy is stored in the inductor L when the transistor Tr is ON. The input voltage V _IN is the potential difference between the connection points _P11 and _P12 , and the output voltage V _OUT is the potential difference between the connection points _P13 and _P14 . In this case, the input voltage V _IN will be approximately equal to the output voltage V _OUT . When the transistor Tr is turned off, the potential at the connection point _P15 at the left end of the inductor L becomes lower than the potential at the connection point _P14 , so the output voltage _VOUT becomes a lower voltage. The step-down circuit assumes that the input voltage _VIN is a voltage higher than a predetermined voltage, and the step-down control may not be executed at a voltage lower than the predetermined voltage. Note that ON/OFF of the transistor Tr is controlled by the control unit.

[Method for measuring internal impedance of sensor node]
Next, a method for measuring the internal impedance of the sensor node according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram representing a sensor node according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4 , the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 are in contact with the medium 4 . The potential difference between the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 can be defined as V ¹ _IN , and the potential difference between the connection point P ₁ and the connection point P ₂ can be defined as V ² _IN . The potential difference between connection _points _P5 and ^P6 can be defined as V1 _OUT _, and the potential difference between connection points _P3 and ^P4 can be defined as V2 _OUT . When the sensor node 10 of the present invention is energized, a current I flows between the first conductive portion ₁ and the second conductive portion ₂ in the direction of the connection point P1 and the connection point _P5 due to the electromotive force ^V1IN .

As shown in FIG. 4, the first conductive portion ₁ is connected to the connection point P1, and the second conductive portion ₂ is connected to the booster circuit at the connection point P2. An inductor L, a diode D, a transistor Tr, and a capacitor C are electrically connected to the booster circuit.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between time and current I when the transistor in the sensor node 10 is switched between ON and OFF, according to the embodiment of the present invention. Here, the relationship between V ¹ _OUT and V ² _IN can be expressed by Equation (1): V ¹ _OUT −V ² _IN =−L1×dI/dt using current I flowing through inductor L and inductance L1. can. When the transistor Tr is ON, V ¹ _OUT =0, so equation (2): V ² _IN =L1×dI/dt can be derived. In this case dI/dt is a positive value and the current I increases with time. On the other hand, when the transistor Tr is OFF, V ¹ _OUT >V ² _IN , so from equation (1): V ¹ _OUT −V ² _IN =−L1×dI/dt, dI/dt is a negative value. It can be seen that In this case, the current I decreases with time. ON and OFF of the transistor Tr are periodically repeated.

Here, if the first conductive part 1, the second conductive part 2 and the medium 4 are regarded as one type of battery, it can be considered that the current I _flows due to the electromotive force ^V1IN . In this case, if the internal impedance caused by the medium 4 is defined as Z, the relationship between the input voltage and the internal impedance can be expressed by Equation (3): V ¹ _IN =Z×I+V ² _IN .

Further, while the transistor Tr is OFF (hereinafter referred to as _TOFF period), the capacitor C is charged with electric charge Q by the current I. Assuming that the voltage that rises at the connection point _P3 during the _TOFF period is ΔV and the capacitance of the capacitor C is C1, equation (4): Q=∫Idt=C1×ΔV is established.

From equations (2) and (3), V ¹ _IN =L1×dI/dt+Z×I is derived. Solving this equation yields equation (5): I(t)=V ¹ _IN /Z+A×e ^(−Z/L1×t) , where A is the constant of integration. Assuming that the time at which the transistor Tr is switched from OFF to ON is t=0, the current I is zero at t=0 as is clear from FIG. Substituting t=0 and I=0 into equation (5), it can be seen that the relationship A=-V ¹ _IN /Z holds. Substituting this A=−V ¹ _IN /Z into equation (5) yields equation (6): I(t)=V ¹ _IN /Z×(1−e ^(−Z/L1×t) ) be able to. A current I while the transistor Tr is ON (hereinafter referred to as a T- _on period) can be calculated from Equation (6). When the transistor Tr is on for a sufficient time, the maximum value of the current I is V ¹ _IN /Z.

The current I at the end of the T _on period and the start of the T _off period (that is, when the time T1 has elapsed since the transistor Tr was switched from OFF to ON) is obtained by substituting t=T1 in equation (6). It can be calculated by This is because the current I has continuity, as can be seen from FIG. (1−e ^{(−Z/L1×T1)} )=K (constant), the current I at t=T1 is I(T1)=V ¹ _IN /Z×(1−e ^{(−Z/L1 ×T1)} )=K×V ¹ _IN /Z. K satisfies the relationship 0≦K<1, and K can be approximated to 1 when the value of Z/L1×T1 is sufficiently large.

Next, from equations (1) and (3), equation (7): L1×dI/dt+Z×I=V ¹ _IN −V ¹ _OUT can be derived. Furthermore, from Equation (4), V ² _OUT can be expressed as ∫Idt/C1+V _start . where V _start is the voltage on capacitor C at the beginning of the T _off period (t=T1) and is a constant. Assuming that the threshold voltage of diode D is V _f , equation (8): V ¹ _OUT =V ² _OUT +V _f =∫Idt/C1+V _start +V _f =∫Idt/C1+V′ _out can be derived. Note that V' _out =V _start +V _f is a constant here.

Furthermore, from equations (7) and (8), equation (9): ∫Idt/C1+Z×I+L1×dI/dt=V ¹ _IN −V′ _out can be derived. By solving the differential equation of equation (9), the current I during the _Toff _period can be expressed as a function of time t, capacitor capacitance C1, internal impedance Z, inductance L1, ^V1IN , _V'out , and K. When the start time of the _Toff period is t=0, the initial value I(0) of the current I at that time is I(0)=K×V ¹ _IN /Z. When the Toff period ends (that is, when the time T2 has passed since the transistor Tr was switched from ON to _OFF and the current I becomes zero), I(T2)=0. Capacitance C1, inductance L1, and _V'out are constants, and the values of ^V1IN and _Z can be calculated by measuring I(0) and T2, respectively.

Z can also be obtained simply, unlike the method described above. During the T _off period, V ¹ _OUT is a voltage about ten times higher than V ² _IN , so dI/dt also has a large value. In this case, ∫Idt in equation (4) corresponds to the area of triangle S in FIG. Therefore, the equation (9): ∫Idt=K×V ¹ _IN /Z×T2/2=C1×ΔV is derived from the equation (4). Here, if the T _on time is set long enough, it can be approximated as K≈1, so substituting K=1 into equation (9) yields equation (10): V ¹ _IN /Z×T2/2=C1×ΔV is derived. C1 is a constant, ΔV when the T _off period is sufficiently long (when the current I reaches its minimum value), and when the T _off period is sufficiently long (when the current I reaches its minimum value). Z can be calculated from V ¹ _IN and T2 (the time when V ¹ _OUT becomes equal to V ² _IN ) at the time point). Note that when the T _off period is sufficiently long (when the current I is consumed), V ¹ _IN =V ² _IN , so V ¹ _IN can be specified by measuring V ² _IN . can be done.

　The calculation of the internal impedance Z is executed by the control unit.

The measured internal impedance Z of the sensor node 10 and the predetermined voltage in the sensor node 10 may be transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the collection node 11 . Alternatively, the measured internal impedance Z of the sensor node 10 and the predetermined voltage in the sensor node 10 may be transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the mobile object 12, wireless device 13, other computer device, etc. good.

Further, the measured internal impedance Z of the sensor node 10 and the predetermined voltage in the sensor node 10 may be transmitted together with the sensing data acquired by the sensor node 10. may be transmitted independently of the transmission of

[Sensor node]
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of sensor nodes according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the sensor node 10 has a first conductive portion 1 and a second conductive portion 2 . Although not shown, the sensor node 10 includes a functional section 3, the first conductive section 1 and the functional section 3 are connected, and the second conductive section 2 and the functional section 3 are connected. The first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 are out of contact with each other. Further, as described above, the current collection system provided in the sensor node 10 collects current by bringing the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 into contact with the medium 4 .

The sensor node 10 shown in FIG. 6(A) has a cylindrical main body. The sensor node 10 shown in FIG. 6A has a sheet-like first conductive portion 1 and a second conductive portion 2 symmetrically on the side surface of the main body. One end of the main body has a protruding shape.

The sensor node 10 shown in FIG. 6(B) has a vertically elongated main body, like a float, one end of which is thin. In the description below, the tapered end portion of the elongated main body portion will be referred to as the upper portion, and the portion opposite to the upper portion will be referred to as the lower portion. The sensor node 10 shown in FIG. 6(B) has a sheet-like first conductive portion 1 and a second conductive portion 2 symmetrically on the side surface of the lower portion of the main body.

The method of providing the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 to the main body is not particularly limited as long as the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 are fixed to the main body. For example, the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 may be adhered to the main body portion with an adhesive or the like, and the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 may be attached to the main body portion using fixtures. It may be fixed by

The material of the main body is not particularly limited. Metals such as stainless steel and aluminum, and synthetic resins such as phenol resin, melamine resin, urea resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylic resin, and polycarbonate can be used as the material of the main body. . When the material of the main body is conductive such as metal, the main body and the first conductive part 1 and the second An insulating material may be provided between the conductive parts 2 . Moreover, it is preferable that the material of the main body is weather resistant.

The functional unit 3 may be provided inside the sensor node 10. Although not shown, holes are provided in the body of the sensor node 10, and the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 and the functional part 3 are connected by conducting wires or the like through the holes. good too.

The sensor node 10 shown in FIG. 6(A) has a projecting shape at one end of the main body, so that it can be easily installed on the ground by inserting it into soil or the like. When the sensor node 10 is installed on the ground, the medium 4 is sand, soil, mud, or the like.

The sensor node 10 shown in FIG. 6(B) has a vertical shape with one end thin like a float, so it can be easily installed on or under water such as seas, rivers, ponds, and lakes. When the sensor node 10 is installed on or under water, the medium 4 is water, seawater, or the like.

Also, the sensor node 10 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 6, and any shape can be adopted. For example, the sensor node 10 may be disc-shaped and easily float on the water surface.

Alternatively, for example, the sensor node 10 may have a shape having a fixing portion that can fix the sensor node 10 to the body of a human or other animal. The shape of the fixing part may be ring-shaped like a bracelet or tape-shaped. When the sensor node 10 is attached to a human or other animal, the medium 4 is the sweat of the human or other animal wearing the sensor node 10 .

Also, the sensor node 10 preferably has a waterproof function and a dustproof function.

Thus, the sensor node is connected to the current collection system, the current collection system includes a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, and a functional portion, and the first conductive portion and the functional portion are connected. The second conductive part and the functional part are connected, the first conductive part and the second conductive part are not in contact with each other, and the current is collected by bringing the first conductive part and the second conductive part into contact with the medium. By doing so, it is possible to provide a data collection system having sensor nodes that operate on an independent power source.

Hereinafter, the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described as follows: location information storage processing, location information update processing, sensing data reception processing, sensor node location identification processing, transmittable sensor node identification processing, power supply processing, and determination processing. I will explain in order. The order of each process and the order of each step in each process can be changed as appropriate. Also, some processes and steps in the data collection system may not be performed, and may be selected as appropriate. Additionally, the steps in the data collection system may be performed in devices other than those described below. For example, the steps performed at mobile 12 may be performed at collection node 11, other computing devices, and the like.

[Location information storage processing]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a flowchart of position information storage processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, the moving object 12 moves the sensor node 10 to the position where the sensor node 10 is installed (step S101). Then, the moving body 12 installs the sensor node 10 at the position where the sensor node 10 is installed (step S102). In the moving object 12, information about the position of the sensor node 10 when the sensor node 10 was installed (hereinafter referred to as position information) is stored (step S103), and the position information storage process ends.

In step S101, the position where the sensor node 10 is installed may or may not be determined in advance. For example, the mobile body 12 may move the sensor node 10 to a predetermined position, and the mobile body 12 may move the sensor node 10 to a position that satisfies a predetermined condition, although it is not predetermined. may be Specifically, for example, the moving body 12 may move the sensor nodes 10 to a position that satisfies the condition that a predetermined number of sensor nodes 10 are installed at even intervals within a predetermined range. .

In step S101, the method by which the moving body 12 moves the sensor node 10 is not particularly limited as long as the sensor node 10 can be moved. For example, a flying type mobile object 12 such as a drone may hold the sensor node 10 with an arm or the like and fly.

The method of installing the sensor node 10 in step S102 is not particularly limited as long as the sensor node 10 can be installed. For example, a flying type mobile object 12 such as a drone may drop the sensor node 10 from the sky and install it on or under water such as the sea, river, pond, or lake. In that case, the sensor node 10 preferably has a shape as shown in FIG. 6(B).

Alternatively, for example, a flying-type mobile body 12 such as a drone may fly near the ground surface while inserting the sensor node 10 into sand, soil, mud, or the like and installing it on the ground. In that case, the sensor node 10 preferably has a shape as shown in FIG. 6(A).

When the sensor node 10 is connected to the current collection system, it is preferable to install the sensor node 10 so that the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 are in contact with the medium 4 .

The location information of the sensor node 10 in step S103 is not particularly limited, and any information that can specify the location of the sensor node 10 may be used. For example, the location information may be latitude, longitude, and altitude information. In order to specify the position information when the sensor node 10 is installed, the mobile object 12 preferably has GNSS.

Also, in step S103, the identification information of the sensor node 10 may be stored in the moving body 12 together with the position information of the sensor node 10. The identification information of the sensor node 10 includes the identification number of the sensor node 10 . Then, the location information of the sensor node 10 and the identification information of the sensor node 10 may be associated and stored.

In this way, the moving object has the sensor node installation means for installing the sensor node, and the position information storage means stores the position information of the sensor node when installed by the sensor node installation means. Installation and storage of sensor node location information is facilitated.

[Location information update process]
When the sensor node 10 is installed on or under water such as the sea or a river, or when the sensor node 10 is attached to a person or other animal, the position of the sensor node 10 is stored in step S103. It is conceivable that it will change from the specified position. When the position of the sensor node 10 changes, the position information of the sensor node 10 may be updated by the position information update process. In that case, the sensor node 10 is preferably provided with GNSS or the like in order to specify the location information of the sensor node 10 .

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a flowchart of location information update processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, at the sensor node 10, the location information of the sensor node 10 is identified (step S201). Then, the specified position information is transmitted to the mobile unit 12 (step S202). The transmitted location information is received by the mobile unit 12 (step S203). In the moving object 12, the location information of the sensor node 10 is updated (step S204), and the location information update process ends.

In step S201, the identification method is not limited as long as the location information of the sensor node 10 is identified. For example, the location information of the sensor node 10 may be specified by GNSS provided in the sensor node 10 .

Also, the location information of the sensor node 10 in step S201 is not particularly limited, and any information that can specify the location of the sensor node 10 may be used. For example, the location information may be latitude, longitude, and altitude information.

In step S<b>202 , the identification information of the sensor node 10 may be transmitted together with the location information of the sensor node 10 . Then, the location information stored in association with the transmitted identification information of the sensor node 10 may be updated in step S204.

　The frequency of location information update processing can be designed as appropriate. It may be performed periodically with a predetermined frequency, or may be performed irregularly. For example, the position information update process may be performed before step S302 of the sensing data reception process, which will be described later. By performing the position information update process before step S302, it becomes possible to specify the movement route based on the accurate position of the sensor node 10. FIG. Further, for example, the position information update process may be performed when the position of the sensor node 10 is specified in step S403 of the sensor node position specifying process, which will be described later.

The sensor node has position information specifying means for specifying position information of the sensor node, and the data collection system stores the position information of the sensor node stored by the position information storage means to the sensor node specified by the position information specifying means. By providing the position information updating means for updating the position information of the sensor node, the position information of the sensor node can be stored even when the position of the sensor node changes.

[Sensing data reception processing]
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a flowchart of sensing data reception processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, in the moving body 12, sensor nodes that have transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time are identified (step S301). Then, the moving route of the moving body 12 is specified (step S302). The moving body 12 moves the collection node 11 from the position of the sensor node 10 on the movement path to within a first predetermined range according to the identified movement path (step S303). In the moving body 12, it is determined whether or not the sensor nodes 10 within the first predetermined range are capable of transmitting sensing data (step S304).

When it is determined that the sensor nodes 10 within the first predetermined range are capable of transmitting sensing data (Yes in step S304), a signal is transmitted from the collection node 11 to the sensor nodes 10 (step S305). Then, the transmitted signal is received at the sensor node 10 (step S306). Next, sensing data is transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the collection node 11 (step S307). Then, the sensing data is received at the collection node 11 (step S308). If the mobile object 12 has not completely traced the movement route, the mobile object 12 moves the collection node 11 from the position of the next sensor node 10 on the movement route to within the first predetermined range (step S303). ).

On the other hand, if it is not determined that the sensor nodes 10 within the first predetermined range are capable of transmitting sensing data (No in step S304), steps S305 to S308 are not performed. Then, if the mobile object 12 has not completely traced the movement route, the mobile object 12 moves the collection node 11 from the position of the next sensor node 10 on the movement route to within a first predetermined range ( step S303).

Steps S303 to S308 are repeated until the moving body 12 completely follows the movement route. Alternatively, steps S303 to S308 are repeated until there is no next sensor node 10 on the movement route. When the moving object 12 has completely traced the movement path, the sensing data reception process ends.

In step S301, the predetermined time is not particularly limited and can be designed as appropriate. For example, it may be several days, one day, half a day, several hours, several minutes, or several seconds.

Also, in step S301, it is only necessary to identify the sensor node 10 that has transmitted sensing data within a predetermined period of time, and the identification method is not particularly limited. For example, when the sensing data reception process is performed multiple times, the sensor node determined to be capable of transmitting sensing data in step S304 of the previous sensing data reception process performed within a predetermined period of time. 10 may identify that the sensing data has been transmitted. In this case, in the moving object 12, the determination that the sensing data can be transmitted and the time at which it is determined that the sensing data can be transmitted are stored in association with the identification information of the sensor node 10. preferable.

Alternatively, for example, when the sensing data receiving process is performed multiple times, the sensor node 10 that transmitted the sensing data in step S307 of the previous sensing data receiving process performed within a predetermined period of time performs the sensing It may be identified that the data has been transmitted. In that case, it is preferable that the sensor node 10 or the collection node 11 notifies the moving object 12 that the sensor node 10 has transmitted the sensing data. Further, it is preferable that the moving object 12 stores the fact that the sensing data was transmitted and the time at which the sensing data was transmitted in association with the identification information of the sensor node 10 .

In step S302, the movement route may be specified such that the sensor nodes 10 other than the sensor nodes 10 identified as having transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time in step S301 are included on the movement route. good.

In that case, the movement route may be specified so that only the sensor nodes 10 other than the sensor nodes 10 identified as having transmitted the sensing data within the predetermined time are included on the movement route. and the sensor nodes 10 other than the sensor node 10 identified as having transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time are included in the movement route. may be specified.

Further, the movement route may be specified so that all sensor nodes 10 other than the sensor nodes 10 identified as having transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time are included on the movement route. The movement route may be specified so that some of the sensor nodes 10 other than the sensor node 10 identified as having transmitted the sensing data to the movement route are included on the movement route.

In step S302, based on the position information of the sensor nodes 10 stored in the moving body 12 in steps S103 and S204, the movement route is specified so that the predetermined sensor node 10 is included in the movement route. You can do it.

In step S302, the method of specifying the movement route is not particularly limited, and a known method is used. The movement route may include information on the latitude, longitude, and altitude of the route along which the moving body 12 moves. The movement route is preferably specified so that the movement distance of the moving body 12 is the shortest.

In step S303, the moving body 12 moves the collection node 11 within a first predetermined range of the sensor node 10 based on the position information of the sensor node 10 stored in the moving body 12 in steps S103 and S204. It is also possible to let Alternatively, based on the position of the sensor node 10 specified by the sensor node position specifying process, which will be described later, the moving body 12 may move the collection node 11 within a first predetermined range of the sensor node 10 . In addition, based on the position information of the sensor node 10 stored in the mobile body 12 in steps S103 and S204 and the position of the sensor node 10 specified by the sensor node position specifying process described later, the mobile body 12 collects The node 11 may be moved within the first predetermined range of the sensor node 10 .

In step S303, the method by which the mobile object 12 moves the collection nodes 11 is not particularly limited as long as the collection nodes 11 can be moved. For example, a flying-type moving object 12 such as a drone may hold the collection node 11 having the shape of a device with an arm or the like and fly.

"Within the first predetermined range from the position of the sensor node 10" is not particularly limited as long as it is within a range where communication between the sensor node 10 and the collection node 11 is possible.

For example, when the communication between the sensor node 10 and the collection node 11 is short-range communication such as RFID, NFC, and IrDA, the first predetermined range is within a radius of 10 cm from the position of the sensor node 10. However, it may be within a radius of 50 cm from the position of the sensor node 10 or within a radius of 100 cm from the position of the sensor node 10 .

When the communication between the sensor node 10 and the collection node 11 is medium-range communication such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or BLE, the first predetermined range is within a radius of 10 m from the position of the sensor node 10. However, it may be within a radius of 50 m from the position of the sensor node 10 , within a radius of 100 m from the position of the sensor node 10 , or within a radius of 300 m from the position of the sensor node 10 .

When the communication between the sensor node 10 and the collection node 11 is long-distance communication such as LPWA, the first predetermined range means that even within a radius of 1 km from the position of the sensor node 10, the position of the sensor node 10 It may be within a radius of 10 km from the position of the sensor node 10 or within a radius of 50 km from the position of the sensor node 10 .

In step S302, when the moving route is identified so that the moving route includes sensor nodes 10 other than the sensor nodes 10 identified as having transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time, the moving object 12: In step S303, the collection node 11 is moved within a first predetermined range from the position of the sensor node 10 other than the sensor node 10 identified as having transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time.

In step S304, the identification information of the sensor node 10 moved within the first predetermined range in step S303 is included in the transmittable sensor node identification information received in step S507 of the transmittable sensor node identification process, which will be described later. , the sensor node 10 may be determined to be capable of transmitting sensing data.

Further, in step S304, the identification information of the sensor node 10 that has moved within the first predetermined range in step S303 is replaced with the transmittable sensor node identification information received in step S507 of the transmittable sensor node identification process, which will be described later. If not included, the sensor node 10 may not be determined to be capable of transmitting sensing data.

If it is determined in step S304 that the sensor node 10 is capable of transmitting sensing data, the moving body 12 notifies the collection node 11 that the sensor node 10 is capable of transmitting sensing data. may be

The signal transmitted from the collection node 11 in step S305 is not particularly limited as long as it functions as a signal. For example, radio waves of a predetermined frequency, infrared rays, or the like may be used.

When a predetermined signal is received from the collection node 11 in step S306, the sensor node 10 preferably performs a predetermined function.

For example, when radio waves of a predetermined frequency are received from the collection node 11 , the sensor node 10 may transmit sensing data to the collection node 11 .

Alternatively, for example, when an infrared ray is received from the collection node 11, the sensor node 10, which was in the power saving state, may be activated to enter the normal power consumption state. Then, the activated sensor node 10 may transmit sensing data to the collection node 11 .

The communication method used when the sensor node 10 receives a predetermined signal from the collection node 11 consumes less power than the communication method used when sensing data is transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the collection node 11. It is also possible to be In other words, the sensor node 10 may perform standby using a protocol that consumes less power.

It is preferable that the function to be exhibited in the sensor node 10 when receiving a signal from the collection node 11 is predetermined. Also, the function exhibited by the sensor node 10 may be determined to be different for each type of signal received from the collection node 11 .

The sensing data transmitted by the sensor node 10 in step S307 is not particularly limited as long as it is the sensing data acquired by the sensor node 10. Also, as described above, the internal impedance Z of the sensor node 10 and the predetermined voltage within the sensor node 10 may be transmitted together with the sensing data acquired by the sensor node 10 .

When the sensor node 10 includes a plurality of sensors, all of the sensing data that can be acquired from the plurality of sensors may be transmitted, or a portion of the sensing data may be transmitted. may be

Also, as described above, the sensing data to be transmitted may be specified among the sensing data that can be acquired from the multiple sensors provided in the sensor node 10 . For example, when the sensing data reception process is performed multiple times, the sensing data to be transmitted is specified in the collection node 11 based on the sensing data received in step S308 of the previous sensing data reception process. may be

The sensor node 10 may be notified of the sensing data to be transmitted identified in the collection node 11, and the sensor node 10 may transmit the identified sensing data to be transmitted.

In step S308, the received sensing data may be stored in the collection node 11, transmitted to the mobile unit 12 or other computing device, and stored in the mobile unit 12 or other computing device. good. When the sensing data is stored, it is preferably stored in association with the identification information of the sensor node 10 that acquired the sensing data. Further, it is preferable to store information regarding the time when the sensing data was acquired, the time when the sensing data was transmitted, etc. in association with the identification information of the sensor node 10 which acquired the sensing data.

Through the sensing data reception process described above, it is possible to efficiently collect sensing data from sensor nodes 10 that have not transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time. Further, by performing the sensing data reception process multiple times, it is possible to collect sensing data of the sensor nodes 10 that have not transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time more efficiently.

As described above, the sensing data reception process ends when the moving object 12 has completely traced the movement route. , the sensing data reception process may end.

In that case, in step S304, the sensor node 10 may wait within the first predetermined range until it is determined that the sensor node 10 is capable of transmitting sensing data. Alternatively, by supplying power to the sensor node 10 through power supply processing described later, the sensor node 10 may be placed in a state in which sensing data can be transmitted.

In the above description, the moving body 12 moves the collection node 11 from the position of the sensor node 10 to within the first predetermined range. An aspect may be adopted in which the collection node 11 is moved within the first predetermined range. For example, a human or an animal may move the collection node 11 from the position of the sensor node 10 to within a first predetermined range.

In this way, the data collection system includes position information storage means for storing position information relating to the position of the sensor node, and the moving body moves the collection node from the position of the sensor node to within the first predetermined range. The sensor node comprises first sensing data transmission means for transmitting acquired sensing data to the collection node, and the collection node comprises sensing data reception means for receiving the sensing data from the sensor node. It is possible to provide a data collection system that can collect data by moving nodes. As a result, it is possible to realize a data collection system in which the place where the sensor node can be installed is not limited to within a predetermined range from the base station.

In this manner, the collection node includes signal transmission means for transmitting a signal to the sensor node, and the first sensing data transmission means transmits sensing data to the collection node when a signal is transmitted by the signal transmission means. As a result, the destination of sensing data can be easily specified, and the power consumption of the sensor node can be suppressed. That is, when a signal is transmitted from the collection node to the sensor node, the sensing data is transmitted to the collection node, so unnecessary transmission of sensing data is eliminated, and power consumption can be suppressed.

As described above, the data collection system includes movement route identification means for identifying the movement route of the moving object based on the position information of the sensor node stored by the position information storage means, and the collection node movement means identifies the movement route. By moving the collection node according to the movement path specified by the means, the collection node can be moved efficiently.

In this way, the data collection system comprises transmission identification means for identifying sensor nodes that have transmitted sensing data within a predetermined period of time, and the collection node movement means determines that data has been transmitted within the predetermined period of time by the transmission identification means. By moving the collecting node from the position of the sensor node other than the identified sensor node to within the first predetermined range, redundant sensing data is not obtained within the predetermined time.

[Sensor node position identification process]
Location information determined by GNSS may contain errors. If the position information of the sensor node 10 stored in the mobile unit 12 in steps S103 and S204 is not sufficiently accurate, the mobile unit 12 moves the collection node 11 to the first predetermined position of the sensor node 10 in step S303. When moving within the range, the position of the sensor node 10 may be identified by the following sensor node position identification processing.

When the sensor node position specifying process is performed, it is preferable that one sensor node 10 and one wireless device 13 correspond. Then, the wireless device 13 is preferably installed within a second predetermined range from the position of the corresponding sensor node 10 .

The second predetermined range is not particularly limited and can be designed as appropriate.

From the viewpoint of specifying the position of the sensor node 10 more accurately, the second predetermined range is preferably within a radius of 100 cm from the position of the sensor node 10, and within a radius of 50 cm from the position of the sensor node 10. It is more preferable to be within a radius of 10 cm from the position of the sensor node 10 .

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a flowchart of sensor node position specifying processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, a notification is transmitted from the wireless device 13 to the mobile object 12 (step S401). The transmitted notification is received at the mobile unit 12 (step S402). Then, in the moving object 12, the position of the sensor node 10 is specified based on the position of the wireless device 13 corresponding to the transmitted notification (step S403), and the sensor node position specifying process ends.

The mobile unit 12 may be able to identify the location of the wireless device 13 more accurately than GNSS from the notification received in step S402. In this case, wireless device 13 is preferably a beacon.

In step S403, the identification method is not limited as long as the position of the sensor node 10 is identified.

For example, in the mobile object 12, the relationship between the position where the wireless device 13 is installed and the position of the corresponding sensor node 10 is stored. may be specified. Specifically, for example, in the mobile object 12, it is stored that the wireless device 13 is installed within a radius of 10 cm from the position of the corresponding sensor node 10, and the position of the sensor node 10 is the position of the wireless device 13. It may be specified as being within a radius of 10 cm from the location.

The position of the sensor node 10 identified in step S403 may or may not be stored in the storage unit of the moving body 12. Further, when the position of the sensor node 10 is identified in step S403, the position information update process described above may be performed.

Then, based on the position of the sensor node 10 identified in step S403, the moving object 12 may move the collection node 11 to within the first predetermined range of the sensor node 10. Alternatively, based on the position information of the sensor node 10 stored in the mobile body 12 in steps S103 and S204 and the position of the sensor node 10 specified by the sensor node position specifying process described later, the mobile body 12 collects The node 11 may be moved within the first predetermined range of the sensor node 10 .

Thus, the data collection system comprises a wireless device installed within a second predetermined range from the position of the sensor node, the wireless device comprises notification transmitting means for transmitting a notification to the mobile, and the mobile a position specifying means for specifying the position of the sensor node based on the position of the wireless device corresponding to the notification transmitted by the notification transmitting means, thereby specifying the position of the sensor node using the wireless device; can.

[Sendable sensor node identification process]
If sensing data acquisition and sensing data transmission are performed using power obtained from a current collection system, solar power generation, microbial power generation, etc., the power required to acquire sensing data and transmit sensing data is stable. may not be obtained. A sensor node 10 that has not acquired sensing data due to power shortage or the like and/or a sensor node 10 that has acquired sensing data but is not capable of transmitting sensing data has the following sensor node identifier that can transmit: It may be identified by processing.

When the transmittable sensor node identification process is performed, it is preferable that one sensor node 10 and one wireless device 13 correspond.

The location where the wireless device 13 is installed is not particularly limited as long as it is within a range where communication between the sensor node 10 and the wireless device 13 is possible.

For example, if the communication between the sensor node 10 and the wireless device 13 is short-range communication such as RFID, NFC, and IrDA, the position where the wireless device 13 is installed is within a radius of 10 cm from the position of the sensor node 10. However, it may be within a radius of 50 cm from the position of the sensor node 10 or within a radius of 100 cm from the position of the sensor node 10 .

When the communication between the sensor node 10 and the wireless device 13 is medium-range communication such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or BLE, the position where the wireless device 13 is installed is within a radius of 10 m from the position of the sensor node 10. However, it may be within a radius of 50 m from the position of the sensor node 10 , within a radius of 100 m from the position of the sensor node 10 , or within a radius of 300 m from the sensor node 10 .

If the communication between the sensor node 10 and the wireless device 13 is long-distance communication such as LPWA, the location where the wireless device 13 is installed may be within a radius of 1 km from the location of the sensor node 10. It may be within a radius of 10 km from the position of the sensor node 10 or within a radius of 50 km from the position of the sensor node 10 .

Also, the wireless device 13 may be connected to the sensor node 10 by a wire or the like, or may be configured integrally with the sensor node 10 .

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a flowchart of transmittable sensor node identification processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, in the sensor node 10, it is determined whether or not the sensor node 10 can transmit sensing data (step S501).

When it is determined that sensing data can be transmitted (Yes in step S501), a notification that sensing data can be transmitted (hereinafter referred to as a sensing data transmittable notification) is sent from the sensor node 10 to the wireless device. 13 (step S502). Further, identification information for identifying the sensor node 10 is transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the wireless device 13 (step S503). The sent sensing data transmittable notification is received by the wireless device 13 (step S504). Also, the transmitted identification information is received by the wireless device 13 (step S505). The identification information of the sensor node 10 that has transmitted the sensing data transmittable notification (hereinafter referred to as transmittable sensor node identification information) is transmitted from the wireless device 13 to the moving object 12 (step S506). The transmitted transmittable sensor node identification information is received by the moving body 12 (step S507), and the transmittable sensor node identification process ends.

On the other hand, if it is not determined that the sensing data can be transmitted (No in step S501), steps S502 to S507 are not performed, and the transmittable sensor node identification process ends.

In step S501, the method of determining whether or not the sensor node 10 is capable of transmitting sensing data is not particularly limited. It is sufficient if it can be determined.

For example, when the sensor node 10 is acquiring sensing data, it may be determined that the sensing data can be transmitted. When the sensor node 10 is capable of acquiring a plurality of pieces of sensing data, it may be determined that it is possible to transmit the sensing data when it acquires one or more pieces of sensing data. Often, it may be determined that the sensing data can be transmitted when the sensing data specified as the transmission target is acquired.

Alternatively, for example, when the sensor node 10 has acquired sensing data and has the power required to transmit the acquired sensing data, it is determined that the sensing data can be transmitted. It may be assumed that The case where the power required for transmitting the acquired sensing data may be, for example, the case where the internal voltage of the sensor node 10 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

The transmission of the sensing data transmittable notification in step S502 and the transmission of the identification information in step S503 may be performed independently as described above, or may be performed simultaneously.

Also, as described above, without relying on steps S501 to S505, the wireless device 13 may determine whether or not the sensor node 10 is capable of transmitting sensing data. In this case, it is preferable that the sensor node 10 and the wireless device 13 are electrically connected. Then, when it is determined that the sensor node 10 is capable of transmitting sensing data, the identification information of the sensor node 10 may be transmitted to the moving body 12 as in step S506.

The description of step S501 can be adopted as a method for determining whether or not the sensor node 10 can transmit sensing data in the wireless device 13 to the extent necessary.

The destination of the transmittable sensor node identification information in step S506 may not be the mobile body 12. For example, the destination of the transmittable sensor node identification information in step S506 may be the collection node 11 . Also, the transmittable sensor node identification information received by the collection node 11 may be further transmitted to the mobile object 12 .

The transmittable sensor node identification information received in step S507 is preferably stored in the mobile unit 12. Then, the transmittable sensor node identification information stored in the moving body 12 may be used in step S304 of the sensing data reception process described above. That is, when the identification information of the sensor node 10 that has moved within the first predetermined range in step S303 of the sensing data reception process described above is included in the transmittable sensor node identification information stored in the moving body 12, The sensor node 10 may be determined to be capable of transmitting sensing data.

In this way, the data collection system comprises a wireless device, the sensing data transmittable notification transmitting means for transmitting a notification that the sensor node is capable of transmitting sensing data to the wireless device, and the identification information for identifying the sensor node. to the wireless device, and the wireless device transmits the identification information of the sensor node to which the notification that the sensing data can be transmitted by the sensing data transmission possible notification transmission means is transmitted to the mobile body By providing the second identification information transmitting means for transmitting, it is possible to easily identify the sensor node capable of transmitting the sensing data.

Thus, the data collection system includes a wireless device, the sensor node and the wireless device are connected, and the wireless device includes sensing data transmittable determination means for determining whether the sensor node is capable of transmitting sensing data. and a third identification information transmission means for transmitting identification information of the sensor node determined to be capable of transmitting sensing data by the sensing data transmission possibility determination means to the moving object, thereby preventing power consumption of the sensor node. First, it is possible to identify sensor nodes capable of transmitting sensing data.

[Power supply processing]
As described above, when the sensing data is acquired and the sensing data is transmitted using power obtained from a power collection system, solar power generation, microbial power generation, etc., it is necessary to acquire the sensing data and transmit the sensing data Power may not be obtained stably. When the sensor node 10 cannot acquire and/or transmit sensing data due to insufficient power, power is supplied to the sensor node 10 by the following power supply process. good too.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a flowchart of power supply processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, power is supplied from the collection node 11 to the sensor node 10 (step S601). Then, the supplied power is received at the sensor node 10 (step S602). Next, sensing data is transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the collection node 11 (step S603). Then, the collection node 11 receives the sensing data (step S604), and the power supply process ends.

The power supply source in step S601 does not have to be the collection node 11. For example, it may be the moving body 12 .

In step S601, when power is supplied from the collection node 11 to the sensor node 10, short-range wireless communication such as NFC may be used. In this case, the moving object 12 preferably moves the collection node 11 from the position of the sensor node 10 to within a range where short-range wireless communication can be performed.

The transmission of sensing data in step S603 may indicate the transmission of sensing data in step S307 of the sensing data reception process described above. Further, the reception of sensing data in step S604 may indicate the reception of sensing data in step S308 of the sensing data reception process described above.

When the supplied power is used for transmitting sensing data, steps S601 and S602 may be performed before step S307 of the sensing data reception process described above. Alternatively, when the supplied power is used for acquiring sensing data, steps S601 and S602 are performed by determining that the sensor node 10 is capable of transmitting sensing data in step S304 of the sensing data reception process described above. It may be done when there is no

In addition, in the determination process described later, when it is determined that the sensor node 10 is not in a state where the power necessary for acquiring sensing data and transmitting sensing data can be stably obtained, the sensor node 10 , power supply processing may be performed.

In this way, the collection node is provided with power supply means for supplying power to the sensor node, so that even when the power of the sensor node is insufficient, sensing data can be acquired and/or transmitted. becomes possible. In addition, the sensor node does not need to have a battery, although conventionally the sensor node had to have a battery.

[Determination process]
The data collection system of the present invention may determine the state of the sensor node by the following determination processing. A device that determines the state of a sensor node is hereinafter referred to as a determination node. The determination node may be any one of the sensor node 10, collection node 11, mobile unit 12, wireless device 13, and other computer devices. and other devices other than computer devices. In addition, the determination node may be connected to the sensor node 10, the collection node 11, the mobile object 12, and/or the wireless device 13 by wires or the like. / Or it may be configured integrally with the wireless device 13 .

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a flowchart of determination processing in the data collection system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, sensing data is transmitted from the sensor node 10 to the determination node (step S701). The transmitted sensing data is received at the determination node (step S702). Next, the determination node determines the state of the sensor node 10 based on the received sensing data (step S703). The determination process ends.

　In step S701, the sensing data does not have to be sent directly from the sensor node 10 to the determination node. For example, the sensing data acquired by the sensor node 10 may be transmitted to the determination node via the collection node 11, mobile object 12, and the like.

In step S703, the method of determining the state of the sensor node 10 based on the received sensing data is not particularly limited, and can be designed as appropriate. For example, it may be determined that the state of the sensor node 10 is abnormal when predetermined sensing data has a value outside a predetermined range for a predetermined period of time or more.

If it is determined in step S703 that the state of the sensor node 10 is in the predetermined state, the determination node instructs the collection node 11, the mobile unit 12, the wireless device 13, and/or other computer devices to It is also possible to notify that the 10 states are predetermined states.

For example, when it is determined that the state of the sensor node 10 is abnormal, the determination node notifies the collection node 11, mobile unit 12, wireless device 13, and/or other computer device that the state of the sensor node 10 is abnormal. It is also possible to notify that there is an abnormality. Furthermore, the sensor node 10 may be subject to replacement or repair.

Alternatively, the state of the sensor node 10 may be determined at the determination node without relying on steps S701 and S702 as described above. In this case, it is preferable that the sensor node 10 and the determination node are electrically connected. Then, the determination node may determine the state of the sensor node 10 based on the data measured by the sensor node 10 .

The determination node monitors the state of the sensor node 10, and based on the data measured by the sensor node 10, the sensor node 10 stably supplies the power necessary for acquiring sensing data and transmitting the sensing data. It is also possible to determine whether or not it is in a state that can be obtained. Specifically, for example, the determination node may detect the voltage inside the sensor node 10 and determine whether the voltage inside the sensor node 10 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

Alternatively, the state of the sensor node 10 may be determined at the sensor node 10 without relying on steps S701 to S703 as described above. For example, the sensor node 10 may monitor the state of the sensor node 10 and determine the state of the sensor node 10 based on data measured at the sensor node 10 .

Then, the sensor node 10 monitors the state of the sensor node 10, and based on the data measured by the sensor node 10, the sensor node 10 obtains the sensing data and reduces the power required to transmit the sensing data. It may be determined whether or not the state is stably obtained. Specifically, for example, the sensor node 10 may detect the voltage inside the sensor node 10 and determine whether the voltage inside the sensor node 10 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

When it is determined that the sensor node 10 is unable to stably obtain the power required for sensing data acquisition and sensing data transmission, the collection node 11, mobile object 12, wireless device 13, and/or Alternatively, another computer device may be notified that the state of the sensor node 10 is power shortage. Then, the power supply process described above may be performed on the sensor node 10 .

As described above, the data collection system includes a determination node that determines the state of the sensor node, and the determination node includes first state determination means that determines the state of the sensor node based on the sensing data transmitted from the sensor node. By providing it, it becomes easy to determine the state of the sensor node.

As described above, the data collection system includes a determination node that determines the state of the sensor node, the sensor node and the determination node are connected, and the determination node includes second state determination means that determines the state of the sensor node. This makes it possible to determine the state of the sensor node without consuming the power of the sensor node.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the "conductive part" may be, for example, a member that can conduct electricity, regardless of the material. A "functional part" means, for example, a part that performs a predetermined function by passing an electric current. The function may be to convert electricity into energy such as light or heat, or to control a circuit.

In the embodiment of the present invention, "electrolytic solution" means, for example, an electrically conductive solution in which an ionic substance is dissolved in a polar solvent. A “booster circuit” is, for example, a circuit that boosts an input voltage and outputs it. A “step-down circuit” is, for example, a circuit that steps down an input voltage and outputs it. "Conductive polymer" means, for example, a polymer compound having electrical conductivity. “Carbon” means, for example, conductive carbon fiber. "Integrated construction" means, for example, joining different objects, more specifically, bonding with an adhesive, mechanical joining using other members, welding, crimping, etc., chemical and / Or joining by physical force is mentioned.

[Reference example]
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference examples below, but the present invention is not limited to these reference examples.

(Reference example 1)
The following tests were performed at normal temperature and normal pressure. A system was constructed using a medium and an apparatus having the configurations of the first conductive section 1, the second conductive section 2, and the functional section 3 shown in FIG. A plate member (0.5 mm thick, 10 cm × 15 cm) made of stainless steel (austenite, SUS304 series) is used as the first conductive portion 1, and a plate member made of galvanized steel plate (iron) is used as the second conductive portion 2. (0.5 mm thickness, 10 cm x 15 cm), the first conductive part 1, the second conductive part 2 and the functional part 3 were connected with copper conducting wires, respectively. The functional section 3 includes a power consumption section, an output voltage conversion section, and a control section. Further, the input impedance is 1 kΩ or more, and the one having a nonlinear current-voltage characteristic is used. An LED bulb that lights up when a current of 2 mA or more flows is used as the power consumption part. A system was constructed using the booster circuit shown in FIG. 2A for the output voltage converter.

The first conductive part 1 was connected to the input terminal A1 of the booster circuit of the output voltage conversion part, and the output terminal B1 of the booster circuit was connected to the LED light bulb. Furthermore, the second conductive part 2 was connected to the input terminal A2 of the booster circuit, and the output terminal B2 of the booster circuit was connected to the terminal opposite to the terminal connected to the output terminal B1 of the LED light bulb. .

Pure water (manufactured by Furukawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., high-purity purified water, temperature 25 degrees: medium) is placed in an acrylic container (outer diameter 15 cm × 15 cm × 15 cm cube, inner diameter 14.5 cm) to a height of 7.5 cm. , the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 were immersed to construct a system. The first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 are non-contact, the distance between the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 is 12 cm, and the plate-like shape of the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 Installed so that the planes are parallel.

For the constructed system, the voltage between the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 was measured (measurement 1). A 34401A multimeter manufactured by Agilent Technologies was used for the measurement. Table 1 shows the results. In the system shown in Reference Example 1, the LED bulb repeatedly blinked every 270 to 330 seconds. That is, it was confirmed that electricity was generated from the first conductive portion 1 and/or the second conductive portion 2 .

Next, the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 are immersed in an acrylic container (outer diameter 15 cm × 15 cm × 15 cm cube, inner diameter 14.5 cm) up to a height of 7.5 cm, pure water (Furukawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) High-purity purified water manufactured by Co., Ltd., temperature 25 degrees: medium) was put in, and the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 were immersed. The first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 are non-contact, the distance between the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 is 12 cm, and the plate-like shape of the first conductive part 1 and the second conductive part 2 The planes were set so as to be parallel. Also, the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 were in a state in which they were not electrically connected. Then, using a 34401A multimeter, the voltage between the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 was measured (measurement 2). Furthermore, in this state, the resistance value of the medium between the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 2 was measured (measurement 3).

(Reference example 2)
Measurements 1 to 3 were carried out in the same manner as in Reference Example 1, except that the medium was changed to soil (plant soil manufactured by Protoleaf Co., Ltd.). Table 1 shows the results. In the system shown in Reference Example 2, the LED bulb repeatedly blinked at approximately equal intervals every 21 to 23 seconds. That is, it was confirmed that electricity was generated from the first conductive portion 1 and/or the second conductive portion 2 .

(Reference example 3)
A waste cloth immersed in an aqueous solution of 50 g of pure water (the same as in Reference Example 1) and 5 g of salt (manufactured by Hakata Shiogyo Co., Ltd., Hakata No Shio) was placed on the first conductive portion 1 and the second conductive portion 1 in contact with the medium. Measurement was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 1, except that it was attached to the surface of part 2 and the medium was changed to sand (manufactured by Toyo Materan Co., Ltd., silica sand with a particle size peak (weight ratio) of about 0.9 mm). 1 to 3 were performed. Table 1 shows the results. In the system shown in Reference Example 3, the LED bulb repeatedly blinked every 80 to 100 seconds. That is, it was confirmed that electricity was generated from the first conductive portion 1 and/or the second conductive portion 2 .

(Reference example 4)
In Reference Example 1, pure water was added up to a height of 10 cm when pure water was put into the acrylic container to a height of 7.5 cm. By adding pure water, we were able to confirm the change in the internal impedance of the system described above. Further, by adding pure water, it was possible to confirm a change in the input voltage V ² _IN when the T _off period started. The internal impedance was calculated by the calculation method described above.

(Reference example 5)
In Reference Example 1, when the acrylic container was filled with pure water up to a height of 7.5 cm, the pure water was added up to a height of 10 cm over 5 minutes. It was confirmed that the amount of change per unit time of the internal impedance of the system described above changed. Further, it was confirmed that the amount of change in the input voltage per unit time changed by adding pure water. The internal impedance was calculated by the calculation method described above. The input voltage is the input voltage V ² _IN when the T _off period begins.

1 first conductive section, 2 second conductive section, 3 function section, 4 medium, 10 sensor node, 11 collection node, 12 moving object, 13 wireless device

Claims

A data collection system comprising a sensor node, a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by the sensor node, and a moving body having the collection node,
data collection system
A position information storage means for storing position information regarding the position of the sensor node,
the moving body
collecting node moving means for moving the collecting node from the position of the sensor node to within a first predetermined range;
the sensor node
A first sensing data transmission means for transmitting the acquired sensing data to the collection node,
collection node
comprising sensing data receiving means for receiving sensing data from the sensor node;
data collection system.
collection node
A signal transmission means for transmitting a signal to the sensor node,
The first sensing data transmission means transmits sensing data to the collection node when a signal is transmitted by the signal transmission means;
The data collection system of claim 1.
data collection system
Equipped with radio equipment,
the sensor node
sensing data transmittable notification transmitting means for transmitting a notification that sensing data can be transmitted to the wireless device;
a first identification information transmission means for transmitting identification information identifying the sensor node to the wireless device;
the wireless device
a second identification information transmitting means for transmitting to the moving body identification information of the sensor node to which the sensing data transmittable notification transmitting means has transmitted a notification that the sensing data can be transmitted;
A data collection system according to claim 1 or 2.
the moving body
Equipped with a sensor node installation means for installing a sensor node,
the location information storage means stores location information of the sensor node when installed by the sensor node installation means;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-3.
the sensor node
A position information specifying means for specifying position information of the sensor node,
data collection system
position information updating means for updating the position information of the sensor node stored by the position information storage means to the position information of the sensor node specified by the position information specifying means;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-4.
data collection system
a moving route specifying means for specifying a moving route of the moving body based on the position information of the sensor node stored by the position information storing means;
the collection node movement means moves the collection nodes according to the movement path identified by the movement path identification means;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-5.
A sensor node is connected to a current collection system,
the current collection system
a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion;
and a functional part,
the first conductive part and the functional part are connected,
the second conductive part and the functional part are connected,
The first conductive part and the second conductive part are non-contact with each other,
current is collected by bringing the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion into contact with the medium;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-6.
data collection system
A transmission identification means for identifying a sensor node that has transmitted sensing data within a predetermined time;
the collection node moving means moves the collection node within a first predetermined range from the position of the sensor node other than the sensor node identified as having transmitted data within the predetermined time by the transmission identifying means;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-7.
the sensor node
Equipped with multiple sensors,
data collection system
a transmission target sensing data specifying means for specifying transmission target sensing data among sensing data that can be acquired from a plurality of sensors included in the sensor node;
The first sensing data transmission means transmits the sensing data specified by the transmission target sensing data specifying means;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-8.
The first sensing data transmission means can transmit sensing data by a plurality of communication methods,
data collection system
A communication method changing means for changing the communication method of the first sensing data transmission means,
the first sensing data transmission means transmits data by the communication method changed by the communication method change means;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-9.
collection node
comprising power supply means for supplying power to the sensor node;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-10.
data collection system
A wireless device installed within a second predetermined range from the location of the sensor node,
the wireless device
A notification transmission means for transmitting a notification to a mobile object,
the moving body
locating means for locating the sensor node based on the location of the wireless device corresponding to the notification sent by the notification sending means;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-11.
data collection system
comprising a determination node that determines the state of the sensor node;
The decision node is
A first state determination means for determining the state of the sensor node based on sensing data transmitted from the sensor node,
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-12.
data collection system
with other computer equipment,
collection node
A second sensing data transmission means for transmitting sensing data to another computer device,
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-13.
data collection system
Equipped with radio equipment,
the sensor node and the wireless device are connected,
the wireless device
sensing data transmittable determination means for determining whether the sensor node is capable of transmitting sensing data;
a third identification information transmitting means for transmitting identification information of the sensor node determined to be capable of transmitting sensing data by the sensing data transmittability determining means to the moving object;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-14.
data collection system
comprising a determination node that determines the state of the sensor node;
The sensor node and decision node are connected,
The decision node is
comprising second state determination means for determining the state of the sensor node;
The data collection system according to any one of claims 1-15.
A data collection method using a data collection system that includes a sensor node, a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by the sensor node, and a moving object that has the collection node,
data collection system
having a location information storage step of storing location information about the location of the sensor node;
the moving body
a collecting node moving step of moving the collecting node from the position of the sensor node to within a first predetermined range;
the sensor node
having a sensing data transmission step of transmitting the acquired sensing data to the collection node;
collection node
Having a sensing data receiving step of receiving sensing data from the sensor node,
Data Collection Method.
A moving object having a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by a sensor node,
location information storage means for storing location information about the location of the sensor node;
collecting node moving means for moving the collecting node from the position of the sensor node to within a first predetermined range;
collection node
comprising sensing data receiving means for receiving sensing data from the sensor node;
Mobile.
A data collection method using a data collection system comprising a sensor node and a collection node that receives sensing data acquired by the sensor node,
data collection system
having a location information storage step of storing location information about the location of the sensor node;
a collecting node moving step of moving the collecting node from the position of the sensor node to within a first predetermined range;
the sensor node
having a sensing data transmission step of transmitting the acquired sensing data to the collection node;
collection node
Having a sensing data receiving step of receiving sensing data from the sensor node,
Data Collection Method.