WO2022167758A1 - Dispositif de production d'un plasma comprenant une unité d'allumage de plasma - Google Patents
Dispositif de production d'un plasma comprenant une unité d'allumage de plasma Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022167758A1 WO2022167758A1 PCT/FR2022/050205 FR2022050205W WO2022167758A1 WO 2022167758 A1 WO2022167758 A1 WO 2022167758A1 FR 2022050205 W FR2022050205 W FR 2022050205W WO 2022167758 A1 WO2022167758 A1 WO 2022167758A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ignition electrode
- plasma
- producing
- body portion
- ignition
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
- H05H1/461—Microwave discharges
- H05H1/4622—Microwave discharges using waveguides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
- H05H1/461—Microwave discharges
- H05H1/463—Microwave discharges using antennas or applicators
Definitions
- TITLE Device for producing a plasma comprising a plasma ignition unit
- the present invention relates to the field of devices for producing a plasma comprising an ignition unit and more specifically to a device for producing a plasma at atmospheric pressure.
- the ignition unit to ignite the plasma electromagnetically and therefore not electrically.
- document US 2011/0234102 describes an apparatus for ignition of a plasma at atmospheric pressure and a method of ignition of a plasma at atmospheric pressure using said apparatus. More specifically, US 2011/0234102 relates to an atmospheric pressure plasma ignition apparatus which can perform ignition non-electrically, thereby solving many problems caused by high voltage (e.g. excessive power supply and safety issue), preventing the ignition device from being physically damaged due to plasma heat, and allowing the use of new types of metallic materials.
- document US 2011/01234102 proposes the generation of a plasma in a dielectric tube, the reaction gas being introduced into said dielectric tube through a waveguide and a microwave being applied to the guide.
- the ignition apparatus includes an ignition rod configured to be placed through the dielectric tube, the ignition rod emitting thermo electrons when the microwaves are applied thereto in the dielectric tube.
- the ignition apparatus includes moving means for moving the ignition rod into or out of the dielectric tube through the dielectric tube.
- the solution proposed in document US 2011/0234102 implies that the ignition rod, once in the microwave electric field, makes it possible to conduct these microwaves towards the pneumatic actuator, the ignition rod being a metallic conductor. Such an arrangement leads to the degradation of said ignition rod, and in particular of the seals allowing its operation.
- the proposed solution although allowing the ignition of a plasma, does not allow this to be done with relatively low microwave powers, and it It is very often necessary to greatly increase the power of said microwaves to allow ignition, which contributes all the more to the degradation of the ignition elements such as the ignition rod, which will atomize more quickly during the time when it is directly exposed to the plasma, and the seals which will also degrade more quickly.
- the state of the art can also be illustrated by the document CN201230400 which proposes a device for producing a plasma, employing an ignition electrode which can be lowered and raised, where this ignition electrode enters directly into the dielectric tube where the plasma occurs, so that the waves are not cut and go up to the opening of the tube through which the ignition electrode passes, at the risk of damaging any seals provided on this opening of the tube.
- the present invention aims to solve all or part of the drawbacks mentioned above.
- the present invention relates to a device for producing a plasma, configured to generate a plasma from a reaction gas, in which the device for producing a plasma comprises:
- - a waveguide coupled to the microwave generator and configured to guide an excitation wave
- dielectric tube extending longitudinally along an axis of extension, the dielectric tube being configured to contain the plasma, such that the dielectric tube crosses right through the waveguide;
- a chimney configured to wrap the dielectric tube, so as to hold said dielectric tube in position
- the device for producing a plasma further comprises a plasma ignition unit comprising:
- an ignition electrode extending longitudinally along the axis of extension comprising a proximal body portion and a distal body portion, wherein the distal body portion includes a securing member;
- a fixing unit made of dielectric material configured to receive the fixing device for the ignition electrode
- a moving unit configured to receive the fixing unit and to move together said fixing unit and the ignition electrode from a first position in which the ignition electrode is outside the waveguide at a second position in which at least a part of the proximal body portion of the ignition electrode is disposed in the dielectric tube and in the waveguide; wherein the ignition electrode is configured to generate an electric field from the excitation wave and allow plasma ignition when said ignition electrode is in the second position; and wherein the ignition electrode has a total length along the extension axis substantially equal to half a source wavelength corresponding to the celerity divided by the source frequency.
- the total length of the ignition electrode is substantially equal to half the source wavelength (or wavelength of the source wave in vacuum); it being noted that, within the meaning of the present invention, substantially equal means perfectly equal or equal to within 15%.
- the total length of the ignition electrode is between 35% and 65% of the source wavelength, and preferably between 35% and 50% of the source wavelength.
- Such a conformation of the total length is particularly advantageous for allowing resonance between its two ends, and thus making it possible to obtain an electric field having sufficient intensity to allow breakdown of the gas while limiting the intensity of the wave of excitation, which makes it possible both to be energy efficient and to preserve the device for producing a plasma.
- the ignition electrode and the chimney (which is electrically conductive and for example metallic) surrounding the dielectric tube form a coaxial guide, and the wavelength of the excitation wave guided in this coaxial guide is substantially equal to the source wavelength, in other words the wavelength of the excitation wave (or source wave) in vacuum.
- the overall length of the ignition electrode will substantially match the resonance length, as described in more detail below.
- the electrode resonance length ignition is equal to the half-wavelength of the excitation wave in the waveguide, or the half-length in vacuum if the waveguide forms a coaxial guide.
- the wavelength in a material is inversely proportional to the square root of the permittivity of said material.
- the wavelength is 3 times less.
- the total length of the ignition electrode is 41 mm including 10 mm in the fixing unit such that said fixing unit has a permittivity of 9
- this represents an equivalent resonance length in vacuum of: 31 + 10 x 9 A 1/2 61 mm or exactly the half-wavelength in vacuum of a wave having a frequency of 2.45 GHz.
- this fixing unit makes it possible not to transmit the excitation wave and thus to cutting off the microwaves, which makes it possible to protect the displacement unit from said excitation wave.
- the fixing unit is interposed between the ignition electrode and the displacement unit and therefore prevents overheating and damage to said displacement unit.
- the invention thus makes it possible to maximize the cutoff of the waves which "rise” in the dielectric tube in the direction of the displacement unit, because the wave resonates in the dielectric tube, inside the chimney, between the two ends of the ignition electrode, one of its ends being in the waveguide to ignite the plasma and the other of its ends being in the chimney, further amplifying the electric field.
- the total length of the ignition electrode is between 37% and 50% of the source wavelength (or source wavelength in vacuum), or even between 37 and 45 %.
- the total length of the ignition electrode is slightly less than or equal to the half source wavelength, i.e. between 37% and 50% of the source wavelength, because there is the dielectric fixing unit above to hold it.
- the ignition electrode has a length between 45 and 61 mm.
- the total length of the ignition electrode is between 37% and 50% of the wavelength of the source wave in vacuum. So, if the source wave has a frequency of 2.45 GHz, then the ignition electrode has a length between 45 and 61 mm, depending on the shape of the ignition electrode as well as the material and of the form of the unit of fixation. Thus, if the fixing unit is made of alumina, the length will be shorter (for example 47 mm) than if the fixing unit is made of PTFE (for example 51 mm) to retain resonance. Indeed, the more the material of the fixing unit has a high permittivity, and/or the more the fixing unit has a large contact surface with the ignition electrode, and the greater the resonance length of the electrode ignition is reduced. The total length of the ignition electrode (which therefore corresponds to its resonance length) is reduced near a dielectric material having a permittivity greater than that of vacuum.
- the device for producing a plasma is capable of operating at atmospheric pressure and at a higher pressure.
- the ignition electrode in the second position, is inserted via an insertion end into the dielectric tube to the waveguide.
- the microwave frequency range includes all frequencies between 300 MHz and 30 GHz.
- the frequency of the excitation wave is substantially equal to one of the following frequencies: 896 MHz, 915 MHz and 2.45 GHz.
- the ignition electrode will enter into resonance with the excitation wave and thus create a high intensity electric field.
- the electric field generated thanks to the ignition electrode in order to allow the ignition of the plasma is at least equal to the electric field of breakdown of the reaction gas.
- the ignition electrode is made of tungsten.
- the displacement unit is a jack, such as a pneumatic jack for example.
- the waveguide comprises two reception orifices facing each other, the reception orifices being intended to receive the dielectric tube passing right through said waveguide by the orifices reception.
- the waveguide includes an input port configured to receive the excitation wave.
- the ignition electrode has a conformation such that the proximal body portion has a proximal transverse dimension smaller than a distal transverse dimension of the distal body portion.
- the proximal body portion of the ignition electrode has a smaller cross section than the cross section of the distal body portion of the ignition electrode.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a maximum electric field at the end of the proximal body portion opposite the distal body portion. Indeed, the cross-section of the distal body portion being greater than the cross-section of the proximal body portion, this will create a "point effect" and thus locally concentrate the electric field. Such an arrangement facilitates the ignition of the plasma.
- the proximal body portion has a proximal length along the axis of extension and the distal body portion has a distal length along the axis of extension, and in which the proximal length is greater than or equal to the distal length.
- the ignition electrode has the given total length such that the proximal body portion of the ignition electrode extends over the proximal length at least equal to the distal length of the distal body portion of the ignition electrode. ignition electrode.
- the distal length is greater than or equal to a quarter of the total length of the ignition electrode, and the proximal length is greater than or equal to a half of the total length of the ignition electrode.
- This conformation is advantageous for favoring the cutoff of the microwaves, while allowing proper operation of the ignition electrode in its role of ignition of the plasma.
- the proximal body portion of the ignition electrode extends over a proximal length equal to 3/5 of the total length of the ignition electrode; and so the distal length is 2/5 of the total length of the ignition electrode.
- the proximal transverse dimension is constant over at least 90% of the proximal length
- the distal transverse dimension is constant over at least 90% of the distal length
- proximal diameter can correspond to a diameter (called proximal diameter)
- distal transverse dimension can correspond to a diameter (called distal diameter).
- the displacement unit is configured to move along an axis of displacement substantially coinciding with the axis of extension.
- substantially confounded means exactly confounded or confounded to within 10% or to plus or minus 5 degrees.
- the extension axis passes through the center of the dielectric tube.
- the displacement unit is configured so that in the first position, the ignition electrode is outside the dielectric tube.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to protect the displacement unit from said microwaves more effectively.
- Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous at low pressure, in fact, the plasma can completely fill the dielectric tube in certain cases, and the microwaves then rise higher thanks to the plasma.
- the fixing unit is oblong in shape along the axis of extension.
- the fixing unit has a solid circular cross-section and has a given diameter.
- the fixing unit is cylindrical in shape along the axis of extension.
- the diameter of the fixing unit is substantially equal to a distal diameter of the distal body portion of the ignition electrode; being noted as a reminder that substantially equal means perfectly equal or equal to within 15%.
- the attachment unit extends this distal body portion continuously (or substantially continuously) geometrically, which is advantageous in the microwave cutoff function.
- the fixing unit has a length, along the axis of extension, substantially equal to or greater than 1.3 D and preferably substantially equal to or greater than 1.5 D, D being the outer diameter of the dielectric tube .
- substantially equal means perfectly equal or equal to within 15%, and for example equal to within 10%.
- the fixing unit is made of technical ceramic.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a fixing unit which effectively cuts off the microwaves and thus effectively protects the displacement unit from said microwaves.
- the fixing unit has a permittivity of less than 5.
- the fixing unit has a permittivity of less than 10.
- the fixing unit is made of alumina.
- the fixing unit is made of filled alumina.
- the fastening unit comprises PTFE.
- the fixing unit is made of PTFE or filled PTFE having a permittivity of approximately 2.1 and 3, respectively.
- the proximal body portion extends from the distal body portion.
- the fixing unit is of a length substantially equal to half the source wavelength.
- the proximal body portion of the ignition electrode includes a tapered end.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a maximum field at the level of the proximal body portion of the ignition electrode.
- the tapered end is opposed to the distal body portion.
- At least a part of the proximal body portion of the ignition electrode is located substantially at the level of a central axis of the waveguide when the ignition electrode is in the second position .
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain an electric field having a high intensity.
- the waveguide is coupled to a reflector plane configured to generate a standing wave from the excitation wave.
- the dielectric tube is placed between the reflective plane and the inlet orifice.
- the reflecting plane is mobile and thus forms a short-circuit piston.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to adapt the impedance by artificially modifying the size of said waveguide and by reflecting at least part of the excitation wave. This allows the excitation wave to penetrate the plasma.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to move the mobile reflector plane in the waveguide and thus allow the short-circuit of the excitation wave over a wide frequency range.
- the reflective plane is located at a distance substantially equal to ny + y from at least part of the ignition electrode when the ignition electrode is in the second position, with ⁇ e the wavelength of the excitation wave guided in the waveguide, n a natural integer and k a coefficient between 0.7 and 1.3.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain an electric field having a high intensity and thus facilitate ignition, in other words this position is advantageous for maximizing the electric field on the end of the ignition electrode.
- the Applicant has established that, due to the presence of the ignition electrode in the plasma zone, the coupling is different because the wave propagates in the waveguide but also in the coaxial guide formed by the chimney and the ignition electrode.
- the ignition electrode must be located at n ⁇ e/2 plus or minus 30% of ⁇ e/2, in other words at n. ⁇ e/2 + k. ⁇ e/2, k introducing this variability of plus or minus 30 %.
- the displacement unit then moves the fixing unit and the ignition electrode together into an intermediate position in which the ignition electrode is not in contact with the plasma.
- the reflector plane is also moved to maximize coupling.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic view of a device for producing a plasma, in a position allowing the ignition of the plasma, in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 represents a view of a device for producing a plasma in a position allowing the ignition of the plasma, in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 3 shows a view of a device for producing a plasma in which an ignition device is in a first position
- FIG. 4 represents a view of a device for producing a plasma in which an ignition device is in a second position.
- the figures illustrate a device for producing a plasma capable of operating at low pressure, atmospheric pressure or high pressure and configured to generate a plasma from a reaction gas.
- a low pressure is a pressure between one tenth of atmospheric pressure and atmospheric pressure.
- a high pressure is a pressure between atmospheric pressure and five times atmospheric pressure.
- the device for producing a plasma is used at atmospheric pressure.
- the device for producing a plasma comprises a microwave generator 10 operating at a given source frequency included in a microwave frequency range.
- the microwave frequency range includes all frequencies between 300 MHz and 30 GHz.
- the frequency of the excitation wave is substantially equal to one of the following frequencies: 896 MHz, 915 MHz and 2.45 GHz.
- the device for producing a plasma comprises a waveguide 12 coupled to the microwave generator 10 and configured to guide an excitation wave.
- the waveguide 12 comprises two reception orifices facing each other, the reception orifices being intended to receive a dielectric tube 14 passing right through said waveguide 12 through the receiving holes.
- waveguide 12 includes an input port configured to receive the excitation wave.
- the device also comprises the dielectric tube 14 extending longitudinally along an axis of extension 60 passing through the center of the dielectric tube.
- the dielectric tube 14 is configured to receive the plasma, such that the dielectric tube 14 passes right through the waveguide 12.
- the device includes a reaction gas injection unit 31 configured to introduce reaction gas into the dielectric tube 14.
- the device for producing a plasma further comprises a plasma ignition unit comprising a tungsten ignition electrode 22 extending longitudinally along the extension axis 60.
- the ignition electrode 22 comprises a portion body 221 and a distal body portion 222, wherein the distal body portion 222 includes an attachment member 223.
- the ignition electrode 22 is configured to generate an electric field from the excitation wave and thus allows the ignition of the plasma.
- the proximal body portion 221 extends from the distal body portion 222.
- the proximal body portion 221 of the ignition electrode 22 has a smaller cross section than the cross section of the distal body portion 222 of the ignition electrode 22.
- the proximal body portion 221 has a proximal transverse dimension, which corresponds to a proximal diameter D21, which is less than a distal transverse dimension D22 of the distal body portion 222, which corresponds to a distal diameter D22.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a maximum electric field at the end of the proximal body portion 221 opposite the distal body portion 222. Indeed, the cross section of the proximal body portion 221 being lower than the cross-section of the distal body portion 222, this will create a "point effect" and thus locally concentrate the electric field. Such an arrangement facilitates the ignition of the plasma. Such an arrangement also makes it possible to obtain an ignition electrode 22 with better mechanical resistance.
- the ignition electrode 22 has a total length L2 along the extension axis 60 which is substantially equal to half a source wavelength corresponding to the celerity divided by the source frequency .
- the total length L2 of the ignition electrode 22 corresponds to the resonance length, as described in more detail below.
- the resonance length of the ignition electrode 22 is equal to the half-wavelength of the excitation wave in the waveguide 12, or the half-length in vacuum if the waveguide 12 forms a coaxial guide.
- the wavelength in a material is inversely proportional to the root of the permittivity of said material.
- the wavelength is 3 times less.
- the total length L2 of the ignition electrode 22 is 41 mm including 10 mm in the fixing unit such that said fixing unit has a permittivity of 9
- this represents an equivalent vacuum resonance length of: 31 + 10 x 9 A 1/2 61 mm, i.e. exactly the half-wavelength in vacuum of a wave having a frequency of 2.45 GHz.
- the total length L2 of the ignition electrode 22 is between 37% and 50% of the wavelength of the source wave in vacuum. So, if the source wave has a frequency of 2.45 GHz, then the ignition electrode has a length between 45 and 61 mm.
- the total length L2 of the ignition electrode 22 is between 37% and 50% of the length of wave of the source wave in vacuum. So, if the source wave has a frequency of 2.45 GHz, then the ignition electrode has a length between 45 and 61 mm, depending on the shape of the ignition electrode as well as the material and the shape of the fixing unit. Thus, if the fixing unit 24 is made of alumina, the length will be shorter (for example 47 mm) than if the fixing unit 24 is made of filled PTFE (for example 49 mm) or of PTFE (for example 51 mm ) to maintain resonance.
- the resonance length of the ignition electrode 22 is reduced near a dielectric material having a permittivity greater than that of vacuum.
- the ignition electrode 22 has the total length L2 given such that the proximal body portion 221 of the ignition electrode 22 extends over a proximal length L21 at least equal to a distal length L22 of the body portion 222 of the ignition electrode 22.
- the proximal body portion 221 has the proximal length L21 along the axis of extension 60 and the distal body portion 222 has the distal length L22 along the extension axis 60, and this proximal length L21 is greater than or equal to the distal length L22.
- the proximal body portion 221 of the ignition electrode 22 extends over the proximal length L21 which is equal to 3/5 of the total length L2 of the ignition electrode 22. More broadly, the distal length L22 is greater than or equal to a quarter of the total length L2, and the proximal length L21 is greater than or equal to a half of the total length L2.
- the ignition electrode 22 and a chimney 27 configured to wrap the dielectric tube 14 form a coaxial guide.
- the wavelength of the excitation wave guided in the coaxial guide is substantially equal to the wavelength of the excitation wave in vacuum.
- Chimney 27 is at least partially metallic. Such an arrangement allows the chimney 27 to play a shielding role, that is to say to prevent microwave leaks.
- the chimney 27 comprises an annular retaining seal 28 at least partially surrounding the dielectric tube 14.
- the annular retaining seal 28 being configured to maintain the dielectric tube 14 in position and also to ensure a seal between the atmosphere and that inside the tube.
- the annular retaining seal 28 is transparent to microwaves. Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain an annular retaining seal 28 with less degradation over time.
- the chimney 27 comprises an annular cooling groove 30 configured to receive a cooling fluid.
- the annular cooling groove 30 is configured to allow the cooling of the retaining seal 28.
- the proximal body portion 221 of the ignition electrode 22 comprises a tapered end opposite the distal body portion 222. Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a maximum field at the level of the proximal body portion 221 of the ignition electrode.
- At least a portion of the proximal body portion 221 of the ignition electrode 22 is located substantially at the level of a central axis 70 of the waveguide 12 when the electrode d ignition 22 is in the second position.
- the ignition unit comprises a fixing unit 24 made of dielectric material configured to receive the fixing member 223 of the ignition electrode 22.
- This fixing unit 24 made of dielectric material is thus configured to receive the electrode of ignition 22 and it makes it possible not to transmit the excitation wave and thus to cut off the microwaves, which makes it possible to protect a displacement unit 26, described below, from said excitation wave.
- the fixing unit 24 is interposed between the ignition electrode 22 and the displacement unit 26 and therefore prevents overheating and damage to said displacement unit 26.
- the fixing unit 24 has a length L4, along the extension axis 60, substantially equal to or greater than 1.3 D and preferably substantially equal to or greater than 1.5 D, D being the outer diameter of the dielectric tube 14
- substantially equal means perfectly equal or equal to within 15%, or even within 10%.
- the fixing unit 24 is made of technical ceramic having a permittivity of less than 10 such as alumina or preferably 5, which makes it possible to obtain a fixing unit 24 which cuts the microwaves more effectively and thus effectively protecting the displacement unit 26 from said microwaves. Indeed, the lower the permittivity, the more effectively the fixing unit 24 cuts the microwaves.
- the fixing unit 24 is made of PTFE or filled PTFE having a respective permittivity of approximately 2.1 and 3. Such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a fixing unit 24 having good thermal resistance. .
- the displacement unit 26 is configured to receive the fixing unit 24 and together move said fixing unit 24 and the ignition electrode 22 from a first position represented in FIG. 2 in which the ignition electrode 22 is external to waveguide 12 at a second position shown in Figure 3 wherein at least a portion of the proximal body portion 221 of ignition electrode 22 is disposed within dielectric tube 14 and in the waveguide 12. In this way, when said ignition electrode 22 is in the second position, the ignition of the plasma is facilitated.
- the movement unit 26 then moves together the fixing unit 24 and the ignition electrode 22 into an intermediate position in which the ignition electrode is not not in contact with plasma.
- the reflector plane is also moved to maximize coupling.
- the movement unit 26 is configured so that in the first position, the ignition electrode 22 is outside the dielectric tube 14. Such an arrangement makes it possible to protect the movement unit 26 said microwaves more efficiently.
- the ignition electrode 22 in the second position, the ignition electrode 22 is inserted via an insertion end into the dielectric tube 14 up to the waveguide 22. Such an arrangement allows the electrode to ignition 22 to resonate with the excitation wave and thus create a high intensity electric field.
- the electric field generated by the ignition electrode in order to allow the ignition of the plasma is at least equal to the electric field of breakdown of the reaction gas.
- the displacement unit 26 is a jack, such as a pneumatic jack for example.
- the displacement unit 26 is configured to move along a displacement axis substantially coincident with the extension axis 60.
- substantially coincident means exactly coincident or coincident at 10% close.
- the attachment unit 24 is oblong in shape along the axis of extension 60 and has a solid circular cross-section, having a diameter D4 which is substantially equal to the distal diameter D22 of the body portion distal 222 of ignition electrode 22.
- the waveguide 12 is coupled to a movable reflector plane 16 configured to generate a standing wave from the excitation wave, thus forming a short-circuit piston.
- the dielectric tube 14 is arranged between the reflective plane 16 and the inlet orifice.
- the reflective plane 16 is located at a distance substantially equal to n. ⁇ e/2 + k. ⁇ e/2 from at least a part of the ignition electrode 22 when the ignition electrode ignition 22 is in the second position, with ⁇ e the wavelength of the excitation wave guided in the waveguide 14, with n a natural integer and k a coefficient between 0.7 and 1.3, or even between 0.8 and 1.2.
- n a natural integer and k a coefficient between 0.7 and 1.3, or even between 0.8 and 1.2.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/275,685 US20240130031A1 (en) | 2021-02-03 | 2022-02-03 | Device for producing a plasma comprising a plasma ignition unit |
CN202280013258.8A CN116803214A (zh) | 2021-02-03 | 2022-02-03 | 用于产生等离子体的包括等离子体点火单元的装置 |
EP22708190.8A EP4289233A1 (fr) | 2021-02-03 | 2022-02-03 | Dispositif de production d'un plasma comprenant une unité d'allumage de plasma |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FRFR21/01027 | 2021-02-03 | ||
FR2101027A FR3119506B1 (fr) | 2021-02-03 | 2021-02-03 | Dispositif de production d’un plasma comprenant une unité d’allumage de plasma |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2022167758A1 true WO2022167758A1 (fr) | 2022-08-11 |
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ID=76375127
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2022/050205 WO2022167758A1 (fr) | 2021-02-03 | 2022-02-03 | Dispositif de production d'un plasma comprenant une unité d'allumage de plasma |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240130031A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4289233A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN116803214A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3119506B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022167758A1 (fr) |
Citations (7)
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US4780881A (en) * | 1987-02-23 | 1988-10-25 | Messer. Griesheim Gmbh | Process for the electrical excitation of a laser gas |
US20020020691A1 (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2002-02-21 | Jewett Russell F. | Methods and apparatus for plasma processing |
JP2004221019A (ja) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-08-05 | Ebara Corp | 大気圧下でマイクロ波プラズマを点火する方法および装置 |
CN201230400Y (zh) | 2008-04-24 | 2009-04-29 | 大连海事大学 | 一种大气压微波等离子体发生装置 |
US20110234102A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2011-09-29 | Ik Nyeon Kim | Apparatus for normal pressure plasma ignition and method for normal pressure plasma ignition using same |
EP2781141A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-18 | 2014-09-24 | Recarbon Inc. | Système de génération de plasma à électrodes amovibles |
CN106322433A (zh) | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-11 | 南京三乐微波技术发展有限公司 | 一种自动点火的微波等离子作用腔 |
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2021
- 2021-02-03 FR FR2101027A patent/FR3119506B1/fr active Active
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2022
- 2022-02-03 EP EP22708190.8A patent/EP4289233A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-02-03 WO PCT/FR2022/050205 patent/WO2022167758A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-02-03 US US18/275,685 patent/US20240130031A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-03 CN CN202280013258.8A patent/CN116803214A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4780881A (en) * | 1987-02-23 | 1988-10-25 | Messer. Griesheim Gmbh | Process for the electrical excitation of a laser gas |
US20020020691A1 (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2002-02-21 | Jewett Russell F. | Methods and apparatus for plasma processing |
JP2004221019A (ja) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-08-05 | Ebara Corp | 大気圧下でマイクロ波プラズマを点火する方法および装置 |
CN201230400Y (zh) | 2008-04-24 | 2009-04-29 | 大连海事大学 | 一种大气压微波等离子体发生装置 |
US20110234102A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2011-09-29 | Ik Nyeon Kim | Apparatus for normal pressure plasma ignition and method for normal pressure plasma ignition using same |
EP2781141A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-18 | 2014-09-24 | Recarbon Inc. | Système de génération de plasma à électrodes amovibles |
CN106322433A (zh) | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-11 | 南京三乐微波技术发展有限公司 | 一种自动点火的微波等离子作用腔 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3119506A1 (fr) | 2022-08-05 |
CN116803214A (zh) | 2023-09-22 |
FR3119506B1 (fr) | 2023-03-31 |
US20240130031A1 (en) | 2024-04-18 |
EP4289233A1 (fr) | 2023-12-13 |
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