WO2022160665A1 - 一种报文转发的方法、报文处理方法及设备 - Google Patents

一种报文转发的方法、报文处理方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160665A1
WO2022160665A1 PCT/CN2021/112679 CN2021112679W WO2022160665A1 WO 2022160665 A1 WO2022160665 A1 WO 2022160665A1 CN 2021112679 W CN2021112679 W CN 2021112679W WO 2022160665 A1 WO2022160665 A1 WO 2022160665A1
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Prior art keywords
network
network slice
packet
mapping information
identifier
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PCT/CN2021/112679
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
耿雪松
董杰
范大卫
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21922260.1A priority Critical patent/EP4283938A1/en
Priority to JP2023545951A priority patent/JP2024504466A/ja
Publication of WO2022160665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160665A1/zh
Priority to US18/361,192 priority patent/US20230370899A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0893—Assignment of logical groups to network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/80—Ingress point selection by the source endpoint, e.g. selection of ISP or POP
    • H04L45/85—Selection among different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0252—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control per individual bearer or channel
    • H04W28/0263—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control per individual bearer or channel involving mapping traffic to individual bearers or channels, e.g. traffic flow template [TFT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5041—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service
    • H04L41/5048—Automatic or semi-automatic definitions, e.g. definition templates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a packet forwarding method, a packet processing method, and a device.
  • Network slice technology refers to the technology of dividing a network into multiple relatively independent networks, and is the key technology of the fifth generation mobile networks (5G).
  • 5G fifth generation mobile networks
  • a network device can have multiple isolated network slices. Different network slices can have different transport characteristics. In this way, when transmitting data, network devices can select appropriate network slices to transmit data according to the characteristics of the data to be transmitted, thereby providing mutually isolated network environments for different application scenarios, so that different application scenarios can customize network functions according to their own needs. and features to meet the needs of different businesses.
  • the current 5G network includes an access network (AN), a transport network (TN), and a mobile core network (CN).
  • the network equipment includes the network equipment of the access network, the network equipment of the bearer network and the network equipment of the mobile core network.
  • the network device of the access network can receive the message sent by the terminal device, and send the message to the network device of the mobile core network through the network device of the bearer network.
  • the network device of the mobile core network can also send the message to the network device of the access network through the network device of the bearer network, and then the network device of the access network sends the message to the terminal device.
  • the bearer network is divided into multiple network slices, the network device of the bearer network needs to determine the network slice corresponding to the packet after receiving the packet, so as to transmit the packet by using the network slice of the bearer network that matches the packet. message.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a packet forwarding method, packet processing method, and device, which are used to determine the network slice of the bearer network corresponding to the packet, so as to transmit the packet by using the network slice of the corresponding bearer network.
  • a packet forwarding method is provided, and the method is applied to a first device, where the first device is a network device of an access network or a network device of a mobile core network.
  • the method specifically includes the following steps: the first device obtains a first packet through the access network or the mobile core network, and the first packet is a packet that needs to be sent to the network device of the mobile core network or the network device of the access network through the bearer network. arts.
  • the first device determines network slice mapping information according to the first packet, where the network slice mapping information is used by the network device of the bearer network to determine the network slice of the bearer network corresponding to the first packet, which may include, for example, an access network or a network slice of the bearer network.
  • the information of the mobile core network may also include information related to the network slice of the bearer network.
  • the first device may generate a second packet including the network slice mapping information according to the first packet and the network slice mapping information, and send the second packet to the second device.
  • the second device is a network device of the bearer network.
  • the network device of the access network or the mobile core network may pre-determine network slice mapping information for determining the bearer network slice for forwarding the packet, and send it to the second device in the first
  • the second packet carries network slice mapping information. In this way, after receiving the packet, the network device of the bearer network can determine the network slice of the corresponding bearer network according to the network slice mapping information, so as to transmit the second packet by using the network slice of the corresponding bearer network.
  • the network slice mapping information may include a first network slice identifier, and may also include any one or more of the following information: quality of service (Quality of Service, QoS) parameters (QoS parameters), virtual private Network (Virtual Private Network, VPN) identifier, QoS parameters ID (QoS parameters ID), service slice identifier, resource slice identifier, and bearer network slice identifier.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • VPN Virtual Private Network
  • QoS parameters ID QoS parameters ID
  • service slice identifier resource slice identifier
  • bearer network slice identifier is used to identify the network slice of the access network that transmits the first packet, or is used to identify the network slice of the core network that transmits the first packet.
  • the first network slice identifier may be a single network slice selection assistance information (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information, S-NSSAI) identifier, a network slice instance (network slice instance, NSI) identifier, or a network slice subnet instance (network slice subnet instance, NSSI) logo, etc.
  • the quality of service parameter is a parameter describing the quality of service required by the access network or the mobile core network or the network slice network for transmitting the first packet.
  • the service quality parameter identifier is the identifier of the service quality parameter.
  • the VPN identifier is the identifier of the VPN used in the first packet.
  • the bearer network slice identifier is used to identify the network slice of the bearer network corresponding to the first packet.
  • the service slice identifier is used to identify the service slice of the bearer network that transmits the second packet.
  • the resource slice identifier is used to identify the resource slice of the bearer network that transmits the second packet.
  • the first network device determines the network slice mapping information
  • Implementation manner 1 the first device determines network slice mapping information according to the first network slice identifier.
  • the first network slice identifier is used to identify a network slice of the access network that transmits the first packet, or a network slice that is used to identify the core network that transmits the first packet.
  • the first device first determines the first network slice identifier according to the first packet, and then determines the network slice mapping information according to the first network slice identifier.
  • the determination of the first network slice identifier by the first device in the first implementation mode may be specifically: the first network device determines according to one or more of the service identifier, flow identifier and user identifier of the first packet. the first network slice identifier. The first device may also determine the first network slice identifier according to attribute information or requirement information of the first packet.
  • the first network device stores a correspondence between the first network slice identifier and the network slice mapping information.
  • the first device determines the network slice mapping information according to the network slice identifier, which may be specifically: the The first device determines the network slice mapping information according to the first network slice identifier and the corresponding relationship.
  • Implementation manner 2 the first device determines the network slice mapping information according to attribute information of the first packet.
  • the attribute information of the first packet reflects the attributes of the first packet, and may include, for example, the QoS level of the first packet, the port number of the network port on which the first device receives the first packet, and the network segment to which the first packet belongs. any one or more of the information.
  • Implementation mode 3 the first device determines the network slice mapping information according to the requirement information for transmitting the first packet.
  • the demand information of the first packet indicates the quality of service required by the first packet, and may include, for example, the bandwidth required for transmitting the first packet, the maximum delay corresponding to transmitting the first packet, and the maximum packet loss corresponding to the first packet. rate, etc.
  • the second packet includes an Internet Protocol Version 6 (Internet Protocol Version6, IPv6) extension header, an IPv6 basic header, an Ethernet header and a Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Any one or more of the headers, and any one or more of the IPv6 extension header, the IPv6 basic header, the Ethernet header, and the MPLS header carry the network slice mapping information.
  • Internet Protocol Version 6 Internet Protocol Version6, IPv6
  • IPv6 basic header IPv6 basic header
  • Ethernet header Ethernet header
  • MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching
  • the IPv6 extension header includes one or more of the following: Hop by Hop Options Header, Destination Options Header, Routing Header and Segment Routing Header.
  • the network slice mapping information is carried in a type-length-value (Type-length-value, TLV) field of the IPv6 extension header.
  • the network slice mapping information is carried in the source address (source address, SA) field, the destination address (destination address, DA) field or the flow label (flow label) field of the IPv6 basic header. any one or more.
  • the Ethernet header includes a virtual local area network (Virtual Local Area Network, VLAN) identification (VLAN Identifier, VLAN ID) field, and the slice mapping information is carried in the VLAN ID field.
  • VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
  • the first device when the first device is a network device of an access network, the first device is a base station or a customer premises equipment (Customer Premises Equipment, CPE), and the second device is a router or a switch.
  • CPE Customer Premises Equipment
  • a packet processing method is provided, and the method is applied to a second device, and the second device may be a network device of a bearer network.
  • the method includes the following steps: the second device receives a second packet from the first device, where the second packet includes network slice mapping information, the first device is a network device of an access network or a mobile core network, and the second packet includes network slice mapping information.
  • the second device is a network device of the bearer network.
  • the network slice mapping information is generated by the first device according to the first packet, and the second packet is generated by the first device according to the first packet and the network slice mapping information.
  • the second device may determine the corresponding network slice of the bearer network according to the network slice mapping information, that is, the network slice of the bearer network that transmits the second packet. After determining the network slice of the bearer network, the second device sends the second packet by using network resources corresponding to the network slice of the bearer network. In this way, the second packet received by the second device serving as the bearer network device already includes network slice mapping information for determining the network slice of the bearer network. After receiving the packet, the network device of the bearer network may determine the network slice of the corresponding bearer network according to the network slice mapping information, so as to transmit the second packet by using the network slice of the corresponding bearer network.
  • the first device is a base station or a customer premises device
  • the second device is a router or a switch.
  • the network resources include any one or more of bandwidth resources, buffer resources and queue resources.
  • a device for a network system including multiple devices, the multiple network devices include a first device and a second device, the device is the first device, and the device includes: an obtaining unit, configured to obtain a first packet, where the first device is a network device of an access network or a mobile core network; a processing unit, configured to determine network slice mapping information according to the first packet; A packet generates a second packet, where the second packet includes the network slice mapping information; a sending unit, configured to send the second packet to a second device, where the second device is a network of a bearer network A device, wherein the network slice mapping information is used to determine a network slice of the bearer network that forwards the second packet.
  • the network slice mapping information includes one or more of the following information: quality of service parameters, virtual private network identifiers, quality of service parameter identifiers, service slice identifiers, resource slice identifiers, and bearer network slices logo.
  • the network slice mapping information includes a first network slice identifier, where the first network slice identifier is used to identify a network slice of the access network that transmits the first packet, or is used to identify A network slice of the core network that transmits the first packet.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine a first network slice identifier according to the first packet, where the first network slice identifier is used to identify an access network that transmits the first packet.
  • the network slice, or the network slice used to identify the core network that transmits the first packet; the network slice mapping information is determined according to the first network slice identifier.
  • the first network device stores a correspondence between the first network slice identifier and the network slice mapping information; the processing unit is configured to store the first network slice identifier and the network slice mapping information according to the first network slice identifier and the The correspondence relationship determines the network slice mapping information.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine the network slice mapping information according to attribute information of the first packet, or determine the network slice according to the requirement information for transmitting the first packet Slice mapping information.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine the first network slice identifier according to one or more of a service identifier, a flow identifier and a user identifier of the first packet.
  • a device for use in a network system including multiple devices, the multiple network devices include a first device and a second device, the device is the second device, and the device includes: a receiving unit, configured to receive a second packet from a first device, where the second packet includes network slice mapping information; the first device is a network device of an access network or a mobile core network, and the second device is a network device of a bearer network; a processing unit is configured to determine a corresponding network slice of the bearer network according to the network slice mapping information; a sending unit is configured to use network resources corresponding to the network slice of the bearer network to send the first Two messages.
  • the network slice mapping information includes one or more of the following information: VPN identifier, service quality parameter identifier, service slice identifier, resource slice identifier, and bearer network slice identifier.
  • the network slice mapping information includes one or more of the following information: a first network slice identifier and a quality of service parameter, wherein the first network slice identifier is used to identify the transmission of the The network slice of the access network of the first packet, or the network slice used to identify the core network that transmits the first packet.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine the slice identifier of the network slice of the corresponding bearer network according to the network slice mapping information and a corresponding relationship, where the corresponding relationship is the network slice mapping information and the bearer network.
  • the first device is a base station or a customer premises equipment
  • the second device is a router or a switch.
  • the network resources include any one or more of bandwidth resources, buffer resources and queue resources.
  • a device which is applied to a network system including multiple devices, the multiple devices include a first device and a second device, the device is a first device, and the first device includes: a processor and a network interface .
  • the network interface is used for receiving and sending packets.
  • the processor is configured to perform the method in the foregoing first aspect or any one possible design of the first aspect.
  • the first device further includes memory, which may be used to store instructions or program codes.
  • the processor is configured to invoke instructions or program codes in the memory to execute the method in the foregoing first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.
  • a device which is applied to a network system including multiple devices, the multiple devices include a first device and a second device, the device is a second device, and the second device includes: a processor and a network interface .
  • the network interface is used for receiving and sending packets.
  • the processor is configured to perform the method in the aforementioned second aspect or any one possible design of the second aspect.
  • the second device further includes memory, which may be used to store instructions or program code.
  • the processor is configured to invoke the instructions or program codes in the memory to execute the method in the foregoing second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.
  • a network system in a seventh aspect, includes the first device according to the third aspect and the second device according to the fourth aspect, or, includes the first device according to the fifth aspect device or a second device as described in the sixth aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, programs or codes that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform any one possible implementation of the foregoing first aspect or second aspect method described in one of the ways.
  • a computer program product comprising computer instructions, when the computer program product is run on a network device, the network device is made to execute one of the possible implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • a tenth aspect provides a chip including a memory and a processor.
  • Memory is used to store instructions or program code.
  • the processor is used to call and run the instruction or program code from the memory to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect; or, the processor executes the second aspect or any one of the second aspect method in a possible design.
  • a chip in an eleventh aspect, includes a processor but does not include a memory.
  • the processor is configured to read and execute instructions or program codes stored in the off-chip memory. When the instructions or program codes are executed , the processor executes the method in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect; or, the processor executes the method in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a signaling interaction diagram of a method for forwarding a message according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible format of a message header that does not include an MPLS header provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a possible format of a packet header including an MPLS header provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a network system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the access network, the bearer network and the mobile core network are introduced with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 this figure is a schematic structural diagram of a system 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the system 100 includes terminal equipment 111 , terminal equipment 112 , terminal equipment 113 , base station 121 , base station 122 , network equipment 131 , network equipment 132 , network equipment 133 , network equipment 134 , gateway equipment 141 , network equipment 142 and server 150 .
  • the base station 121 is respectively connected with the terminal equipment 111 and the network equipment 131, the base station 122 is connected with the terminal equipment 112, the terminal equipment 113 and the network equipment 133 respectively, the network equipment 131 is connected with the network equipment 132, the network equipment 133 is connected with the network equipment 134, The gateway device 141 is connected to the network device 132 , the network device 134 and the network device 142 respectively, and the server 150 is connected to the network device 142 .
  • the base station 121 and the base station 122 are network devices of the access network
  • the network device 131, the network device 132, the network device 133 and the network device 134 are the network devices of the bearer network
  • the gateway device 141 and the network device 142 belong to Network equipment of the mobile core network.
  • the access network 120 includes the network between the base station 121 and the terminal device 111, the network between the base station 122 and the terminal device 112, and the network between the base station 122 and the terminal device 113
  • the bearer network 130 includes The network between the network device 131 and the network device 132 and the network between the network device 133 and the network device 134
  • the mobile core network 140 includes the network between the gateway device 141 and the network device 142 .
  • the network between the terminal device and the network device of the access network can be It is called a radio access network (RAN).
  • RAN radio access network
  • the following describes the process of packet forwarding in the network shown in FIG. 1 by taking the terminal device 111 sending a packet to the server 150 as an example.
  • the terminal device 111 first sends the message to the base station 121 through the access network 120 , and the base station 121 forwards the message to the network device 131 .
  • the network device 131 can send the packet to the network device 132 through the bearer network 130, and the network device 132 forwards the packet to the gateway device 141.
  • the gateway device 141 can send the packet to the network device 142 through the mobile core network 140, and finally the network Device 142 sends the message to server 150 .
  • the server 150 needs to send a message to the terminal device 111, the message may pass through the network device of the mobile core network, the network device of the bearer network, and the network device of the access network in sequence.
  • the bearer network is located between the access network and the mobile core network, and is used to transmit packets between the access network and the mobile core network.
  • the network device of the bearer network that communicates with the network device of the access network can receive the message sent by the network device of the access network, and send the message to the network device of the mobile core network; the network device that communicates with the network device of the mobile core network
  • the network device of the bearer network may receive the message sent by the network device of the mobile core network, and send the message to the network device of the access network.
  • the network equipment connected to the network equipment of the access network and the network equipment connected to the network equipment of the mobile core network in the bearer network can be called the edge network equipment of the bearer network, and the edge network equipment can communicate with each other through other network equipment.
  • network device 131, network device 132, network device 133 and network device 134 are edge network devices of the bearer network. Network devices communicate, not shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the network slicing technology can be used to divide the network into multiple network slices.
  • Different network slices can have different transmission characteristics and can meet the needs of different services.
  • network slice A may have low latency but relatively small bandwidth.
  • network slice A can be used to transmit data of services that have high latency requirements but low bandwidth requirements, such as data generated by services such as financial services and Internet of Vehicles services.
  • Network slice B has the characteristics of large bandwidth, but the data delay may be high.
  • network slice B can be used to transmit data of services that require high bandwidth but low latency, such as files generated by services such as file transfer services. data.
  • the network is divided into multiple network slices according to the characteristics of network transmission, and the most suitable network slice can be selected according to the characteristics of the service to transmit the data of the service, thereby improving the service quality.
  • the bearer network device can select a network slice of the bearer network to forward packets, so as to use appropriate network resources to forward packets.
  • the edge network device of the bearer network receives the packet sent by the network device of the access network (or mobile core network)
  • the edge network device cannot determine which network slice of the bearer network needs to send the packet.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a packet processing method.
  • the network device or mobile core device of the access network can determine the network slice mapping information of the first packet, and send it to the bearer.
  • the network device of the network sends a second packet including network slice mapping information.
  • the network device of the bearer network can determine the network slice of the corresponding bearer network according to the network slice mapping information, so as to transmit the second packet by using the network slice of the corresponding bearer network.
  • the packet processing method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be applied to the network architecture shown in FIG. 1 .
  • terminal devices such as terminal device 111, terminal device 112, or terminal device 113 may also be referred to as user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station (mobile station, MS), mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), terminal, etc.
  • user equipment user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • MT mobile terminal
  • terminal etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • MT mobile terminal
  • terminal etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • MT mobile terminal
  • terminal devices such as terminal device 111, terminal device 112, or terminal device 113
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • mobile terminal mobile terminal
  • terminal etc.
  • terminal devices is a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to users, or a chip provided in the device, such as a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like.
  • terminal devices are: mobile phone, desktop computer, tablet computer, notebook computer, PDA, mobile internet device (MID), wearable device, virtual reality (VR) device, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, and smart grids wireless terminals, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, and home gateway devices that support 5G access (5G ⁇ residential gateway , 5G ⁇ RG) and so on.
  • MID mobile internet device
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • wireless terminals in industrial control wireless terminals in self-driving
  • wireless terminals in remote medical surgery and smart grids wireless terminals
  • wireless terminals in transportation safety wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, and home gateway devices that support 5G access (5G ⁇ residential gateway , 5G ⁇ RG) and so on.
  • 5G ⁇ residential gateway 5G ⁇ RG
  • the network equipment of the access network includes a base station 121 and a base station 122. In some other implementations, the network equipment of the access network may also be other equipment, such as customer premises equipment.
  • the network device 131, the network device 132, the network device 133, or the network device 134 is the network device of the bearer network, for example, it can be a router, a switch and other physical devices that support routing functions, or it can be a virtual router or virtual router. switch server.
  • the network devices of the mobile core network include a gateway device 141 and a network device 142 .
  • the gateway (Gateway) device may also be referred to as an inter-network connector, a protocol converter, and may be used for a computer system or device that provides data conversion services between the bearer network and the mobile core network.
  • the network device 142 may be a router switch, etc. equipment.
  • the server 150 may be, for example, a server in a data center (DC).
  • this figure is a signaling interaction diagram of a packet forwarding method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the packet forwarding method provided by the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
  • S201 The first device obtains the first packet.
  • the first device may be a network device of an access network or a network device of a mobile core network, for example, may be the network device 121, the network device 122, the gateway device 141, or the network device 142 in FIG. 1 . anyone.
  • the first packet may be a packet that needs to be sent to the network device of the bearer network through the first device.
  • the first packet may be a packet sent by the terminal device to the first device, and sent to the network device of the bearer network through the first device;
  • the first message may be a message sent by other network devices or servers of the mobile core network to the first device, and sent to the network device of the bearer network through the first device.
  • Fig. 1 is used as an example for description. It is assumed that the terminal device 111 sends a request message to the server 150 .
  • the request message may pass through the base station 121 , the network device 131 , the network device 132 , the gateway device 141 and the network device 142 in sequence, and finally arrive at the server 150 .
  • the server 150 may generate a response message and send the response message to the network device 142 .
  • the response message is forwarded by the gateway device 141 , the network device 132 , the network device 131 and the base station 131 , and finally reaches the server 150 .
  • the base station 121 can send the request message to the network device 131 as the network device of the bearer network, and then the base station 121 can obtain the request message as the first message as the first device.
  • the gateway device 141 may send the response message to the network device 132 serving as the network device of the bearer network, and then the gateway device 141 may obtain the response message as the first message as the first device.
  • S202 The first device determines network slice mapping information of the first packet.
  • the first device may determine network slice mapping information of the first packet, where the network slice mapping information is used to determine the network slice of the bearer network corresponding to the first packet.
  • the network slice mapping information may include information of an access network or a mobile core network, and may also include information related to a network slice of a bearer network. The two cases are described below.
  • the network slice mapping information includes the information of the access network or the mobile core network.
  • the information of the access network or the mobile core network may be a first network slice identifier and/or a quality of service parameter.
  • the first network slice identifier is used to identify the network slice of the access network or the network slice of the core network.
  • the first network slice identifier is used to identify a network slice of the access network that transmits the first packet.
  • the first network slice identifier is used to identify the network slice of the mobile core network that transmits the first packet.
  • the first network slice identifier may be a single network slice selection assistance information (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information, S-NSSAI) identifier, or a network slice instance (network slice instance, NSI) identifier, or It can be a network slice subnet instance (network slice subnet instance, NSSI) identifier, etc.
  • S-NSSAI Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information
  • NSI network slice instance
  • NSSI network slice subnet instance
  • the quality of service parameter is a parameter describing the quality of service required by the network or network slice for transmitting the first packet.
  • the quality of service parameter of the first packet may include an isolation level (Isolation level), a theoretical packet delay (Packet Delay Budget, PDB), a jitter (Jitter), and a maximum packet loss rate (Maximum packet loss rate). ) and other parameters.
  • the quality of service parameter may also be a quality of service profile parameter. The above-mentioned quality of service parameters are described in detail below.
  • the isolation level of the first packet indicates the isolation state between the network slice corresponding to the first packet and other network slices. for example. If the value of the isolation level of the first packet is 2, it indicates that the isolation state between the network slice corresponding to the first packet and other network slices is Logical Isolation; if the value of the isolation level is 1, it indicates that the first The isolation status between the network slice corresponding to the packet and other network slices is Physical Isolation.
  • the value of the theoretical packet delay of the first packet is the upper bound of the delay in the transmission of the data packet in the network slice corresponding to the first packet, that is, from the time when the first packet is sent by the terminal device to the destination device of the first packet The total duration of received packets.
  • the jitter value of the first packet is the maximum value of the delay difference between any two adjacent data frames transmitted by the network slice corresponding to the first packet.
  • the maximum packet loss rate of the first packet is the ratio of the packets that can be discarded when the network slice corresponding to the first packet transmits the data stream to the total packets.
  • the definitions of the first network slice identifier and the quality of service parameter are described above.
  • the following is a method for determining the network slice mapping information for the first device when the network slice mapping information includes the first network slice identifier and the network slice mapping information includes the quality of service parameter. Introduce.
  • the first device may obtain the network slice mapping information by using two different methods.
  • the first packet includes the first network slice identifier. Then, when determining the network slice mapping information, the first device may parse the first packet, and extract the first network slice identifier carried in the first packet, that is, obtain the network slice mapping information.
  • the first packet does not include the first network slice identifier. Then, when determining the network slice mapping information, the first device may, according to the attribute information of the first packet, the requirement information for transmitting the first packet, the service identifier of the first packet, the flow identifier of the first packet, and the first packet.
  • the first network slice identifier is determined by any one or more of the user identifiers of the text. Details are given below.
  • the attribute information of the first packet reflects the attributes of the first packet, and may include, for example, the QoS level of the first packet, the port number of the network port on which the first device receives the first packet, and the network segment to which the first packet belongs. any one or more of the information.
  • the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the attribute information of the packet and the identifier of the first network slice. After receiving the first packet, the first device may determine attribute information of the first packet, and determine the first network slice identifier according to the attribute information of the first packet and the corresponding relationship, thereby obtaining network slice mapping information.
  • the demand information for transmitting the first packet indicates the quality of service required by the first packet, and may include, for example, the bandwidth required for transmitting the first packet, the maximum delay corresponding to transmitting the first packet, and the maximum loss corresponding to the first packet. Packet rate and other information.
  • the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the requirement information and the first network slice identifier. After receiving the first packet, the first device may determine the requirement information for transmitting the first packet, and determine the first network slice identifier according to the requirement information for transmitting the first packet and the corresponding relationship, thereby obtaining the network slice mapping information.
  • the service identifier of the first packet may be an identifier of a service instance to which the first packet belongs, and reflects which service instance the first packet is generated by.
  • the service instance is a service type running in the terminal device, and may include, for example, an audio-video service, a non-audio-video service, and other service types.
  • the service identifier of the first packet may be added in the first packet by the device that generates the first packet according to the service instance to which the first packet belongs.
  • the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the service identifier of the packet and the first network slice identifier. After receiving the first packet, the first device may determine the service identifier of the first packet, and determine the first network slice identifier according to the service identifier of the first packet and the corresponding relationship, thereby obtaining network slice mapping information.
  • the flow identifier of the first packet is the identifier of the data stream to which the first packet belongs, and reflects which data stream the first packet belongs to.
  • the flow identifier of the first packet may be added to the first packet by the device that generates the first packet according to the service flow to which the first packet belongs.
  • the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the flow identifier of the packet and the first network slice identifier. After receiving the first packet, the first device may determine the flow identifier of the first packet, and determine the first network slice identifier according to the flow identifier of the first packet and the corresponding relationship, thereby obtaining network slice mapping information.
  • the user identifier of the first message can be the identifier of the device that generates the first message, for example, can be the identifiers such as the IP address, media access control (Media Access Control, MAC) address of the terminal device that generates the first message, reflecting Which device generated the first packet.
  • the user identifier of the first packet may also be a user identifier of an application that generates the first packet, and the application may be installed on the device that generates the first packet.
  • the user identifier of the first packet may be added to the first packet when the device that generates the first packet generates the first packet.
  • the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the user identifier and the first network slice identifier. After receiving the first packet, the first device may determine the user identifier of the first packet, and determine the first network slice identifier according to the user identifier of the first packet and the corresponding relationship, thereby obtaining network slice mapping information.
  • the reason why the first packet does not include the first network slice identifier may be that the network device of the access network (or the network device of the mobile core network) does not slice the network of the access network (or the mobile core network).
  • the identifier is added to the first packet, or the access network (or the mobile core network) does not divide the network slice.
  • the method for determining the network slice mapping information by the first device in the case where the network slice mapping information includes the first network slice identifier has been described above.
  • the first device determines the method for determining the network slice mapping information.
  • the method of mapping information for network slices is introduced.
  • the first device may use two different methods to determine the network slice mapping information.
  • the first device may determine the quality of service parameter according to the first network slice identifier. Specifically, the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the first network slice identifier and the quality of service parameter. After receiving the first packet, when the first packet includes the first network slice identifier, the first device may parse the first packet and obtain the first network slice identifier, and then determine the first network slice identifier according to the pre-stored correspondence. The quality of service parameter corresponding to the network slice identifier; when the first packet does not include the first network slice identifier, the first device can use the service identifier, flow identifier, user identifier, attribute information, demand information, etc. in the first packet.
  • One or more of the first network slice identifiers are determined, and then the quality of service parameters corresponding to the first network slice identifiers are determined according to the pre-stored correspondence.
  • the first device may determine the quality of service parameter according to attribute information of the first packet or requirement information for transmitting the first packet.
  • attribute information of the first packet or requirement information for transmitting the first packet.
  • the description about the attribute information and the requirement information can refer to the above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first device may parse the attribute information of the first packet, determine the quality of service required for transmitting the first packet according to the attribute information of the first packet, and obtain the service quality. quality parameters to obtain network slice mapping information.
  • the first device may sort out the demand information for transmitting the first packet, thereby determining the quality of service required for transmitting the first packet, and obtaining the quality of service parameter, Thereby, the network slice mapping information is obtained.
  • the network slice mapping information includes the information of the access network or the mobile core network
  • the network slice mapping information includes the information related to the network slice of the bearer network.
  • the information related to the network slice of the bearer network may include any one or more of a quality of service parameter identifier, a VPN identifier, a network slice identifier of the bearer network, a service slice identifier, and a resource slice identifier. These information are introduced separately below.
  • the service quality parameter identifier is the identifier of the above-mentioned service quality parameter.
  • a quality of service parameter identifier may be used to identify a set of quality of service parameters, and the set of quality of service parameters may include one or more quality of service parameters.
  • the QoS parameter identifier corresponds to the network slice of the bearer network, and can represent the service quality level of the network slice of the bearer network.
  • the QoS parameter identifier is a QoS summary identifier.
  • the bearer network includes a network slice 1 of the bearer network, a network slice 2 of the bearer network, and a network slice 3 of the bearer network, a total of three network slices of the bearer network.
  • the theoretical packet delay of network slice 1 of the bearer network and network slice 2 of the bearer network is 1 millisecond, and the theoretical packet delay of network slice 3 of the bearer network is 2 milliseconds.
  • the QoS parameter identifier corresponding to the network slice 1 of the bearer network and the network slice 2 of the bearer network can be A, indicating that the network slice 1 of the bearer network and the network slice 2 of the bearer network are the bearer network with a higher QoS level.
  • Network slice; the service quality parameter identifier corresponding to the network slice 3 of the bearer network may be B, indicating that the network slice 1 and network slice 2 of the bearer network are network slices of the bearer network with a lower service quality level. Then, if the theoretical packet delay of the first packet is 1 millisecond, then the service quality parameter of the first packet is identified as A. If the theoretical packet delay of the first packet is 2 milliseconds, then the service quality parameter of the first packet is identified as B.
  • the first packet When the first packet is a packet transmitted through a VPN, the first packet may include a VPN identifier for transmitting the first packet, where the VPN identifier is an identifier of the VPN used in the first packet.
  • the bearer network When dividing the bearer network into multiple network slices, the bearer network can be divided into multiple service slices according to the service types corresponding to the network slices, or the bearer network can be divided into multiple resource slices according to the network resources occupied by the network slices.
  • the bearer network can be divided into network slices of multiple bearer networks according to other principles than service types and network resources.
  • the network slice mapping information corresponding to the first packet may include a bearer network slice identifier.
  • the bearer network slice identifier is used to identify the network slice of the bearer network corresponding to the first packet.
  • the network slice mapping information may include a service slice identifier, which indicates through which service slice the second packet corresponding to the first packet needs to be transmitted; when the bearer network is divided into multiple resource slices At the time, the network slice mapping information may include a resource slice identifier, indicating which resource slice the second packet corresponding to the first packet needs to be transmitted through.
  • the resource slice identifier is used to specify an underlying network (underlay) of the bearer network corresponding to the first packet.
  • the information related to the network slice of the bearer network is described above, and the method for determining the network slice mapping information by the first device when the network slice mapping information includes information related to the network slice of the bearer network is introduced below.
  • the first device may determine the network slice mapping information by using two different methods.
  • the first device may determine network slice mapping information according to the first network slice identifier. Specifically, the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the first network slice identifier and the network slice mapping information, and determine the network slice mapping information in combination with the correspondence.
  • the description is made by taking the network slice mapping information including the bearer network slice identifier as an example.
  • the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the identifier of the bearer network slice and the identifier of the first network slice, that is, the correspondence between the identifier of the network slice of the bearer network and the identifier of the network slice of the access network (or mobile core network) .
  • the first device may determine the bearer network slice identifier corresponding to the first network slice identifier according to the pre-stored correspondence.
  • the first device may acquire the first network slice identifier, reference may be made to the above, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first device may determine the network slice mapping information according to attribute information of the first packet or requirement information for transmitting the first packet.
  • the description about the attribute information and the requirement information can refer to the above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first device may pre-store the correspondence between the attribute information of the first packet and the network slice mapping information, or the correspondence between the requirement information for transmitting the first packet and the network slice mapping information. After receiving the first packet, attribute information of the first packet or requirement information for transmitting the first packet may be determined, and then network slice mapping information may be obtained by combining the corresponding relationship.
  • S203 The first device generates a second packet according to the first packet.
  • the first device may generate the second packet according to the first packet.
  • the second packet includes network slice mapping information.
  • the first device may add the network slice mapping information to the packet header of the first packet, and use the new packet as the second packet.
  • the first device may also generate a new packet header, and encapsulate the data carried in the first packet and the new packet header into a second packet. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific method for the first device to generate the second packet according to the first packet.
  • the network slice mapping information may be carried in one or more of an IPv6 extension header, an IPv6 basic header, an Ethernet (ethernet) extension header, or an MPLS header of the second packet.
  • the network slice mapping information is carried in the IPv6 extension header of the second packet.
  • IPv6 extension headers can include any one or more of Hop by Hop Options Header, Destination Options Header, Routing Header, and Segment Routing Header .
  • the network slice mapping information may be carried in any of the foregoing IPv6 extension headers.
  • the network slice mapping information may be carried in the TLV field of the IP extension header.
  • the network slice mapping information is carried in the IPv6 basic header of the second packet.
  • the IPv6 basic header may include a source address (SA) field, a destination address (DA) field, and a flow label (flow label) field, and network slice mapping information may be carried in one or more of these three fields .
  • the network slice mapping information is carried in the Ethernet header.
  • the Ethernet header may include a VLAN ID field for carrying network slice mapping information.
  • the network slice mapping information may be carried in multiple adjacent VLAN ID fields.
  • the network slice mapping information is S-NSSAI
  • the S-NSSAI includes an 8-bit slice service type (slice service type) and a 24-bit slice differentiater (slice differentiator, SD) composition, namely S -
  • the length of NSSAI is 32 bits in total. Since the length of each VLAN ID field is 12 bits, the network slice mapping information can be carried in three adjacent VLAN ID fields. Since the total length of the three VLAN ID fields is 36 bits, which is greater than the length of the network slice mapping information, the three VLAN ID fields can accommodate the network slice mapping information.
  • the network slice mapping information is carried in the MPLS header.
  • the MPLS header is an area in the packet header that is used to carry MPLS labels.
  • the MPLS header may include multiple MPLS labels for carrying the network slice mapping information.
  • the network slice mapping information may be carried in multiple adjacent MPLS labels. For example, it is assumed that the length of the network slice mapping information is 32 bits (bit), and the length of each MPLS label is 20 bits. Since the total length of the two MPLS labels is 40 bits, which is greater than the length of the network slice mapping information, the network slice mapping information can be carried in two adjacent MPLS labels.
  • IPv6 extension header IPv6 basic header, Ethernet header, and MPLS header were introduced above.
  • the following describes the possible positions of the fields corresponding to the IPv6 extension header, IPv6 basic header, Ethernet header, and MPLS header in the message. introduce.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible format of a packet header that does not include an MPLS header.
  • the packet header may include the Application Protocol (Application Protocols) extension header, the IP (User) basic header, the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) extension header , User Datagram Protocol (User Datagram Protocol, UDP) extension header, IPv6 extension header and Ethernet extension header.
  • the IP basic header refers to the IPv6 basic header.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a possible format of a packet header including an MPLS header. It can be seen from this figure that the MPLS header can be located between the UDP extension header and the IPv6 extension header.
  • S204 The first device sends a second packet to the second device.
  • the first device may send the second packet to the second device.
  • the second device is a network device of the bearer network, for example, it can be any one of the network device 131, the network device 132, the network device 133 and the network device 134 in FIG. 1 .
  • S205 The second device determines the network slice of the bearer network according to the network slice mapping information.
  • the second device may determine the network slice of the bearer network corresponding to the first packet according to the network slice mapping information.
  • the second device may determine, according to the network slice mapping information, the identifier of the network slice of the bearer network, that is, the bearer network slice identifier (Transport Network Slice Identifier, TNSI), thereby determining the network slice of the bearer network corresponding to the first packet.
  • TNSI Transport Network Slice Identifier
  • the network slice mapping information may include information of the access network (or mobile core network), and may also include information related to the network slice of the bearer network.
  • the method for determining the network slice of the bearer network by the second device will be described in detail below.
  • the network slice mapping information includes information of an access network or a mobile core network, that is, the network slice mapping information includes a first network slice identifier and/or a quality of service parameter. Then, when determining the network slice of the bearer network, the second device may determine the network slice of the bearer network according to the pre-stored correspondence.
  • the description is given by taking the network slice mapping information including the quality of service parameter as an example.
  • the second device may pre-store the correspondence between the quality of service parameter and the bearer network slice identifier. In this way, after receiving the second packet, the second device can parse the second packet and extract the QoS parameters, and then determine the bearer network slice identifier corresponding to the second packet according to the corresponding relationship, so as to determine the bearer network slice identifier corresponding to the second packet.
  • the network slice of the bearer network may be used to determine the bearer network slice identifier corresponding to the second packet according to the corresponding relationship, so as to determine the bearer network slice identifier corresponding to the second packet.
  • the network slice mapping information includes information related to network slices of the bearer network, that is, the network slice mapping information includes a quality of service parameter identifier, a VPN identifier, a bearer network slice identifier, a service slice identifier, and a resource slice identifier. Any one or more of the above, the second device may directly determine the corresponding network slice of the bearer network according to the network slice mapping information.
  • the second device may analyze the QoS parameters of each network slice of the bearer network, and determine the QoS parameter identifier corresponding to the network slice of each bearer network. In this way, after receiving the second packet, the second device can parse the second packet and extract the QoS parameter identifier, and then determine the QoS parameter identifier corresponding to the second packet from the network slices of multiple bearer networks.
  • the network slice of the bearer network may be used to parse the second packet and extract the QoS parameter identifier, and then determine the QoS parameter identifier corresponding to the second packet from the network slices of multiple bearer networks.
  • the second device sends the second packet to the third device according to the network resource corresponding to the network slice of the bearer network.
  • the second device may send the second packet to the third device according to the network resources corresponding to the network slice of the bearer network.
  • the third device may be a network device connected to the second device through a bearer network, for example, may be other network devices in the bearer network.
  • the third device when the second device is the network device 131 in FIG. 1 , the third device may be the network device 132 ; when the second device is the network device 134 , the third device may be the network device 133 .
  • the second device may send the second packet to the third device by using the network resources corresponding to the network slice of the bearer network.
  • the network resources may include any one or more of bandwidth resources, buffer resources and queue resources.
  • a first device before sending a packet to the second device, which is a network device of an access network or a mobile core network, a first device, which is a network device of an access network or a network device of a mobile core network, may First determine the network slice mapping information of the packet and carry it in the packet. In this way, before the network device of the bearer network receives the packet, it is possible to pre-determine the conditions that the network slice of the bearer network that transmits the packet needs to meet (that is, network slice mapping information), and carry these conditions in the packet and send it to the The network equipment that bears the network.
  • the network device of the bearer network may determine the conditions that need to be satisfied by the network slice of the bearer network that transmits the packet according to the network slice mapping information carried in the packet. In this way, the network device of the bearer network can select the network slice of the bearer network that satisfies the network slice mapping information to forward the packet.
  • FIG. 5 shows a possible schematic structural diagram of the first device involved in the above embodiment, and the device 500 can implement the functions of the first device in the example shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the network device 500 includes: an obtaining unit 501 , a processing unit 502 and a sending unit 503 . These units may perform the corresponding functions of the first device in the above method examples.
  • the acquiring unit 501 is used to support the device 500 to perform S201 in FIG. 2 ;
  • the processing unit 502 is used to support the network device 500 to perform S202 and S203 in FIG. 2 ;
  • the sending unit 503 is used to support the network device 500 to perform S204 in FIG. 2 .
  • the receiving unit 501 is configured to obtain a first packet, and the first device is a network device of an access network or a mobile core network; the processing unit 502 is configured to determine the network slice mapping according to the first packet information; generate a second packet according to the first packet, where the second packet includes the network slice mapping information; a sending unit 503, configured to send the second packet to a second device, the first packet
  • the second device is a network device of the bearer network, and the network slice mapping information is used to determine the network slice of the bearer network that forwards the second packet.
  • FIG. 6 shows a possible schematic structural diagram of the second device involved in the above embodiment, and the device 600 can implement the functions of the second device in the example shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the network device 600 includes: an obtaining unit 601 , a processing unit 602 and a sending unit 6033 . These units may perform the corresponding functions of the second device in the above method examples.
  • the receiving unit 601 is configured to receive a second packet from a first device, where the second packet includes network slice mapping information; the first device is a network device of an access network or a mobile core network, The second device is a network device of the bearer network; the processing unit 602 is configured to determine the corresponding network slice of the bearer network according to the network slice mapping information; the sending unit is configured to use the network slice corresponding to the network slice of the bearer network.
  • the network resource sends the second message.
  • each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the acquiring unit and the processing unit may be the same unit or different units.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a network system 700, where the system 700 is configured to implement the packet forwarding method and the packet processing method in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the system 700 includes device 701 and device 702 .
  • the device 701 may implement the function of the first device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2
  • the device 702 may implement the function of the second device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • For the specific execution process please refer to the detailed description of the corresponding steps in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device 800 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network device 500 in FIG. 5 and the network device 600 in FIG. 6 may be implemented by the devices shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the device 800 includes at least one processor 801 , a communication bus 802 and at least one network interface 804 , and optionally, the device 800 may further include a memory 803 .
  • the processor 801 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits (integrated circuits) used to control the execution of programs in the present application. , IC).
  • the processor may be configured to process the packet, so as to implement the packet forwarding method and the packet processing method provided in the embodiments of the present application. For example, when the first device in FIG. 2 is implemented by the device shown in FIG.
  • the processor may be used to obtain a first packet; determine network slice mapping information according to the first packet; A packet generates a second packet, where the second packet includes the network slice mapping information; sends the second packet to a second device, where the second device is a network device of a bearer network, and the network The slice mapping information is used to determine the network slice of the bearer network that forwards the second packet.
  • the second device in FIG. 2 is implemented by the device shown in FIG.
  • the processor may be configured to receive a second packet from the first device, where the second packet includes network slice mapping information
  • the first device is a network device of an access network or a mobile core network; the network slice of the corresponding bearer network is determined according to the network slice mapping information; the network resources corresponding to the network slice of the bearer network are used to send the Second message.
  • the processing part of the second device in the method embodiment.
  • Communication bus 802 is used to transfer information between processor 801 , network interface 804 and memory 803 .
  • the memory 803 can be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, and the memory 803 can also be random access memory (random access memory, RAM) or can store information and other types of dynamic storage devices for instructions, also can be compact disc read-only Memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray optical disks, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, without limitation.
  • the memory 803 can exist independently and is connected to the processor 801 through the communication bus 802 .
  • the memory 803 may also be integrated with the processor 801 .
  • the memory 803 is used to store program codes or instructions for executing the solutions of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 801 .
  • the processor 801 is used to execute program codes or instructions stored in the memory 803 .
  • One or more software modules may be included in the program code.
  • the processor 801 may also store program codes or instructions for executing the solutions of the present application, in which case the processor 801 does not need to read the program codes or instructions from the memory 803 .
  • the network interface 804 can be a device such as a transceiver for communicating with other devices or a communication network, and the communication network can be Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), or a wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN).
  • the network interface 804 may be configured to receive packets sent by other nodes in the segment routing network, and may also send packets to other nodes in the segment routing network.
  • the network interface 804 may be an ethernet (ethernet) interface, a fast ethernet (FE) interface, or a gigabit ethernet (GE) interface, or the like.
  • the device 800 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 801 and the processor 405 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • processors can be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor.
  • a processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device 900 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first device and the second device in FIG. 2 can be implemented by the device shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the device 900 includes a main control board and one or more interface boards.
  • the main control board communicates with the interface board.
  • the main control board is also called the main processing unit (MPU) or the route processor card (route processor card).
  • the main control board includes a CPU and a memory.
  • the main control board is responsible for controlling and managing various components in the device 900, including Route calculation, device management and maintenance functions.
  • Interface boards also known as line processing units (LPUs) or line cards, are used to receive and send messages.
  • LPUs line processing units
  • the communication between the main control board and the interface board or between the interface board and the interface board is through a bus.
  • the interface boards communicate through a switch fabric board.
  • the device 900 also includes a switch fabric board.
  • the switch fabric board is communicatively connected to the main control board and the interface board.
  • the switch fabric board is used for forwarding the interface board.
  • the data between them, the switch fabric board can also be called a switch fabric unit (SFU).
  • the interface board includes a CPU, a memory, a forwarding engine, and an interface card (IC), wherein the interface card may include one or more network interfaces.
  • the network interface can be an Ethernet interface, an FE interface, or a GE interface.
  • the CPU is connected in communication with the memory, the forwarding engine and the interface card, respectively.
  • the memory is used to store the forwarding table.
  • the forwarding engine is used to forward the received packet based on the forwarding table stored in the memory. If the destination address of the received packet is the IP address of the device 900, the packet is sent to the CPU of the main control board or the interface board for processing. Processing; if the destination address of the received message is not the IP address of the device 900, then look up the forwarding table according to the destination, if the next hop and outgoing interface corresponding to the destination address are found from the forwarding table, the message Forwarding to the outbound interface corresponding to the destination address.
  • the forwarding engine may be a network processor (NP).
  • the interface card also known as the daughter card, can be installed on the interface board and is responsible for converting photoelectric signals into data frames, and after checking the validity of the data frames, forwards them to the forwarding engine for processing or the interface board CPU.
  • the CPU can also perform the function of a forwarding engine, such as implementing soft forwarding based on a general-purpose CPU, so that a forwarding engine is not required in the interface board.
  • the forwarding engine may be implemented by an ASIC or a field programmable gate array (FPGA).
  • the memory that stores the forwarding table may also be integrated into the forwarding engine as part of the forwarding engine.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, including: a processor, where the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a program or an instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the The chip system implements the method of the first device or the second device in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the number of processors in the chip system may be one or more.
  • the processor can be implemented by hardware or by software.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software codes stored in memory.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in this application.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory processor, such as a read-only memory ROM, which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be provided on different chips.
  • the setting method of the processor is not particularly limited.
  • the chip system may be an FPGA, an ASIC, a system on chip (system on chip, SoC), a CPU, an NP, or a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), can also be a microcontroller (micro controller unit, MCU), can also be a programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • SoC system on chip
  • DSP digital signal processing circuit
  • MCU microcontroller
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • each step in the above method embodiments may be implemented by a hardware integrated logic circuit in a processor or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the method steps disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute the methods in the foregoing embodiments.
  • At least one item (piece) refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • at least one item (a) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c may be single or multiple .
  • “A and/or B” is considered to include A alone, B alone, and A+B.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical module division.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be acquired according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each module unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software module units.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software module unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, Read-Only Memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .
  • the functions described in the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种报文转发的方法、报文处理方法及设备，用于确定报文对应的承载网的网络切片，从而利用对应承载网的网络切片传输报文。其中，报文转发的方法包括如下步骤：第一设备获得第一报文，所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备；所述第一设备根据所述第一报文确定网络切片映射信息；所述第一设备根据所述第一报文生成第二报文，所述第二报文包括所述网络切片映射信息；所述第一设备向第二设备发送所述第二报文，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备，所述网络切片映射信息用于确定转发所述第二报文的承载网的网络切片。

Description

一种报文转发的方法、报文处理方法及设备
本申请要求于2021年1月29日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202110130482.2、发明名称为“一种报文转发的方法、报文处理方法及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种报文转发的方法、报文处理方法及设备。
背景技术
网络切片(network slice)技术是指将一个网络划分为多个相对独立的网络的技术，是第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile networks，5G)的关键技术。通过网络切片技术，一个网络设备可以具有多个相互隔离的网络切片。不同的网络切片可以具有不同的传输特性。这样，在传输数据时，网络设备可以根据待传输数据的特性，选择合适的网络切片传输数据，从而为不同的应用场景提供相互隔离的网络环境，使得不同应用场景可以按照各自的需求定制网络功能和特性，保障不同业务的需求。
目前的5G网络包括接入网(access network，AN)、承载网(transport network，TN)和移动核心网(core network，CN)。网络设备包括接入网的网络设备、承载网的网络设备和移动核心网的网络设备。其中，接入网的网络设备可以接收终端设备发送的报文，并通过承载网的网络设备发送给移动核心网的网络设备。相应地，移动核心网的网络设备也可以通过承载网的网络设备将报文发送给接入网的网络设备，再由接入网的网络设备发送给终端设备。在承载网被划分为多个网络切片的情况下，承载网的网络设备接收到报文后需要确定该报文对应的网络切片，从而利用与该报文相匹配的承载网的网络切片传输该报文。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种报文转发的方法、报文处理方法及设备，用于确定报文对应的承载网的网络切片，从而利用对应承载网的网络切片传输报文。
第一方面，提供了一种报文转发的方法，该方法应用于第一设备，第一设备为接入网的网络设备或移动核心网的网络设备。该方法具体包括如下步骤：第一设备通过接入网或移动核心网获得第一报文，第一报文为需要通过承载网发送给移动核心网的网络设备或接入网的网络设备的报文。所述第一设备根据所述第一报文确定网络切片映射信息，该网络切片映射信息用于承载网的网络设备确定第一报文对应的承载网的网络切片，例如可以包括接入网或移动核心网的信息，也可以包括与承载网的网络切片相关的信息。在确定网络切片映射信息后，第一设备可以根据第一报文和网络切片映射信息生成包括该网络切片映射信息的第二报文，并向第二设备发送第二报文。第二设备为承载网的网络设备。在报文传输到承载网的网络设备之前，接入网或移动核心网的网络设备可以预先确定用于确定转发报文的承载网切片的网络切片映射信息，并在发送给第二设备的第二报文中携带网络切 片映射信息。这样，承载网的网络设备在接收到报文后，可以根据网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片，从而利用对应承载网的网络切片传输第二报文。
作为一种可能的设计，网络切片映射信息可以包括第一网络切片标识，也可以包括以下信息中的任意一种或多种：服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)参数(QoS parameters)、虚拟专用网络(Virtual Private Network，VPN)标识、服务质量参数标识(QoS parameters ID)、业务切片标识、资源切片标识和承载网切片标识。其中，该第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网的网络切片。第一网络切片标识可以是单一网络切片选择辅助信息(Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information，S-NSSAI)标识、网络切片实例(network slice instance，NSI)标识或网络切片子网实例(network slice subnet instance，NSSI)标识等。服务质量参数为描述用于传输第一报文的接入网或移动核心网络或网络切片网所需要的服务质量的参数。服务质量参数标识为服务质量参数的标识。VPN标识为第一报文所使用的VPN的标识。承载网切片标识用于标识为第一报文对应的承载网的网络切片。业务切片标识，用于标识传输第二报文的承载网的业务切片。资源切片标识，用于标识传输第二报文的承载网的资源切片。
第一网络设备确定网络切片映射信息可以有如下三种可能的实现方式：
实现方式一：所述第一设备根据第一网络切片标识确定网络切片映射信息。其中，第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网络的网络切片。具体地，所述第一设备先根据所述第一报文确定第一网络切片标识，再根据所述第一网络切片标识确定所述网络切片映射信息。
可选地，实现方式一中第一设备确定第一网络切片标识可以具体为：所述第一网络设备根据所述第一报文的业务标识、流标识和用户标识中的一个或多个确定所述第一网络切片标识。第一设备还可以根据第一报文的属性信息或需求信息确定第一网络切片标识。
可选地，所述第一网络设备存储有第一网络切片标识和所述网络切片映射信息的对应关系，实现方式一中第一设备根据网络切片标识确定网络切片映射信息可以具体为：所述第一设备根据所述第一网络切片标识和所述对应关系确定所述网络切片映射信息。
实现方式二：所述第一设备根据所述第一报文的属性信息确定所述网络切片映射信息。第一报文的属性信息体现第一报文的属性，例如可以包括第一报文的QoS等级、第一设备接收第一报文的网络端口的端口号和第一报文所属的网段等信息中的任意一个或多个。
实现方式三：所述第一设备根据传输所述第一报文的需求信息确定所述网络切片映射信息。第一报文的需求信息表示第一报文需要的服务质量，例如可以包括传输第一报文所需要的带宽、传输第一报文对应的最大时延、第一报文对应的最大丢包率等信息。
上述三种可能的实现方式并不构成对本申请实施例的限定，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况自行设计。
作为一种可能的设计，所述第二报文包括互联网协议第六版(Internet Protocol Version6，IPv6)扩展头、IPv6基本头、以太网头和多协议标签交换(Multi-Protocol Label Switching，MPLS)头中的任意一个或多个，所述IPv6扩展头、所述IPv6基本头、所述以太网头和所 述MPLS头中的任意一个或多个携带所述网络切片映射信息。
作为一种可能的设计，所述IPv6扩展头包括以下其中一种或多种：逐跳可选头(Hop by Hop Options Header)、目的可选头(Destination Options Header)、路由头(Routing Header和段路由头(Segment Routing Header)。
作为一种可能的设计，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6扩展头的类型长度值(Type-length-value，TLV)字段中。
作为一种可能的设计，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6基本头的源地址(source address，SA)字段、目的地址(destination address，DA)字段或流标签(flow label)字段中的任意一个或多个。
作为一种可能的设计，所述以太网头包括虚拟局域网(Virtual Local Area Network，VLAN)标识(VLAN Identifier，VLAN ID)字段，所述切片映射信息携带在所述VLAN ID字段中。
作为一种可能的设计，当第一设备为接入网的网络设备时，所述第一设备为基站或用户驻地设备(Customer Premises Equipment，CPE)，所述第二设备为路由器或交换机。
第二方面，提供了一种报文处理方法，该方法应用于第二设备，第二设备可以为承载网的网络设备。该方法包括如下步骤：第二设备接收来自第一设备的第二报文，该第二报文包括网络切片映射信息，所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备。网络切片映射信息是第一设备根据第一报文生成的，第二报文是第一设备根据第一报文和网络切片映射信息生成的。第二设备可以根据述网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片，即传输第二报文的承载网的网络切片。在确定承载网的网络切片后，所述第二设备采用与该承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源发送第二报文。这样，作为承载网设备的第二设备接收到的第二报文中已经包括用于确定承载网的网络切片的网络切片映射信息。承载网的网络设备在接收到报文后，可以根据网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片，从而利用对应承载网的网络切片传输第二报文。
关于网络切片映射信息包括的内容以及在第二报文中携带的位置的可能的实现方式请参见上文描述，此处不再赘述。
作为一种可能的设计，所述第一设备为基站或用户驻地设备，所述第二设备为路由器或交换机。
作为一种可能的设计，所述网络资源包括带宽资源、缓存资源和队列资源中的任意一种或多种。
第三方面，提供了一种设备，用于包括多个设备的网络系统，所述多个网络设备包括第一设备和第二设备，所述设备为所述第一设备，所述设备包括：获取单元，用于获得第一报文，所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备；处理单元，用于根据所述第一报文确定网络切片映射信息；根据所述第一报文生成第二报文，所述第二报文包括所述网络切片映射信息；发送单元，用于向第二设备发送所述第二报文，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备，所述网络切片映射信息用于确定转发所述第二报文的承载网的网络切片。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：服务质 量参数、虚拟专用网络标识、服务质量参数标识、业务切片标识、资源切片标识和承载网切片标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切片映射信息包括第一网络切片标识，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网的网络切片。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一报文确定第一网络切片标识，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网络的网络切片；根据所述第一网络切片标识确定所述网络切片映射信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一网络设备存储有第一网络切片标识和所述网络切片映射信息的对应关系；所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一网络切片标识和所述对应关系确定所述网络切片映射信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一报文的属性信息确定所述网络切片映射信息，或者，根据传输所述第一报文的需求信息确定所述网络切片映射信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一报文的业务标识、流标识和用户标识中的一个或多个确定所述第一网络切片标识。
关于网络切片映射信息在第二报文中携带的位置的可能的实现方式请参见上文描述，此处不再赘述。
第四方面，提供了一种设备，用于包括多个设备的网络系统，所述多个网络设备包括第一设备和第二设备，所述设备为所述第二设备，所述设备包括：接收单元，用于接收来自第一设备的第二报文，所述第二报文包括网络切片映射信息；所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备；处理单元，用于根据所述网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片；发送单元，用于采用与所述承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：VPN标识、服务质量参数标识、业务切片标识、资源切片标识和承载网切片标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：第一网络切片标识和服务质量参数，其中，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网的网络切片。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理单元，用于根据所述网络切片映射信息和对应关系确定对应的承载网的网络切片的切片标识，所述对应关系为所述网络切片映射信息和承载网切片标识之间的对应关系，所述承载网切片标识为所述承载网的网络切片的切片标识；所述发送单元，用于采用与所述承载网切片标识对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文。
关于网络切片映射信息在第二报文中携带的位置的可能的实现方式请参见上文描述，此处不再赘述。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一设备为基站或用户驻地设备，所述第二设备为路由器或交换机。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络资源包括带宽资源、缓存资源和队列资源中的任意一种或多种。
第五方面，提供了一种设备，应用于包括多个设备的网络系统，多个设备包括第一设备和第二设备，该设备为第一设备，该第一设备包括：处理器和网络接口。网络接口用于报文的接收和发送。处理器用于执行前述第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计中的方法。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一设备还包括存储器，存储器可以用于存储指令或程序代码。处理器用于调用存储器中的指令或程序代码执行前述第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计中的方法。
第六方面，提供了一种设备，应用于包括多个设备的网络系统，多个设备包括第一设备和第二设备，该设备为第二设备，该第二设备包括：处理器和网络接口。网络接口用于报文的接收和发送。处理器用于执行前述第二方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的设计中的方法。
在一种可能的设计中，该第二设备还包括存储器，存储器可以用于存储指令或程序代码。处理器用于调用存储器中的指令或程序代码执行前述第二方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的设计中的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种网络系统，所述网络系统包括如第三方面所述的第一设备和如第四方面所述的第二设备，或，包括如第五方面所述的第一设备或如第六方面所述的第二设备。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令、程序或代码，当其在计算机上执行时，使得所述计算机执行如前述第一方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式之一所述的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种包括计算机指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在网络设备上运行时，使得网络设备执行第一方面或第二方面的任意一种可能的实现方式之一提供的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种芯片，包括存储器和处理器。存储器用于存储指令或程序代码。处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该指令或程序代码，以执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计中的方法；或，处理器执行第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的设计中的方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种芯片，上述芯片包括处理器，但不包括存储器，处理器用于读取并执行所述芯片外的存储器中存储的指令或程序代码，当指令或程序代码被执行时，处理器执行第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的设计中的方法；或，处理器执行第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的设计中的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的系统100的一种结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种报文转发的方法的信令交互图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的不包括MPLS头的报文头的一种可能的格式示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的包括MPLS头的报文头的一种可能的格式示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种第一设备的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种第二设备的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种网络系统的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种设备的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对传统技术和本申请实施例提供报文转发的方法和报文处理方法进行介绍。
首先结合图1对接入网、承载网和移动核心网进行介绍。
参见图1，该图为本申请实施例提供的系统100的一种结构示意图。在系统100中，包括终端设备111、终端设备112、终端设备113、基站121、基站122、网络设备131、网络设备132、网络设备133、网络设备134、网关设备141、网络设备142和服务器150。其中，基站121分别与终端设备111和网络设备131连接，基站122分别与终端设备112、终端设备113和网络设备133连接，网络设备131与网络设备132连接，网络设备133与网络设备134连接，网关设备141分别与网络设备132、网络设备134和网络设备142连接，服务器150与网络设备142连接。
在本申请实施例中，基站121和基站122为接入网的网络设备，网络设备131、网络设备132、网络设备133和网络设备134为承载网的网络设备，网关设备141和网络设备142属于移动核心网的网络设备。相应地，本申请实施例中接入网120包括基站121与终端设备111之间的网络、基站122与终端设备112之间的网络和基站122与终端设备113之间的网络，承载网130包括网络设备131和网络设备132之间的网络以及网络设备133和网络设备134之间的网络，移动核心网140包括网关设备141与网络设备142之间的网络。可选地，当终端设备111、终端设备112和终端设备113中任意一个终端设备通过无线网络与接入网的网络设备连接时，该终端设备与接入网的网络设备之间的网络可以被称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)。
下面以终端设备111向服务器150发送报文为例介绍一下报文在图1所示的网络中转发的过程。终端设备111先将报文通过接入网120发送给基站121，由基站121将报文转发给网络设备131。网络设备131可以通过承载网130将报文发送给网络设备132，由网络设备132将报文转发给网关设备141，网关设备141可以通过移动核心网140向网络设备142发送报文，最终由网络设备142将报文发送给服务器150。相似地，在服务器150需要向终端设备111发送报文的过程中，报文可以按顺序先后经过移动核心网的网络设备、承载网的网络设备和接入网的网络设备。
可见，承载网位于接入网和移动核心网之间，用于在接入网与移动核心网之间传输报文。与接入网的网络设备通信的承载网的网络设备可以接收该接入网的网络设备发送的报 文，并将报文发送给移动核心网的网络设备；与移动核心网的网络设备通信的承载网的网络设备可以接收该移动核心网的网络设备发送的报文，并将报文发送给接入网的网络设备。其中，承载网中与接入网的网络设备连接的网络设备和与移动核心网的网络设备连接的网络设备可以称为承载网的边缘网络设备，边缘网络设备之间可以通过其他网络设备进行通信。例如图1中，网络设备131、网络设备132、网络设备133和网络设备134为承载网的边缘网络设备，网络设备131和网络设备132之间以及网络设备133和网络设备134之间可以通过其他网络设备进行通信，图1未示出。
在5G等技术中，为了确保网络中数据的正常传输，可以采用网络切片技术将网络划分为多个网络切片。不同的网络切片可以具有不同的传输特性，可以满足不同的业务的需求。例如，网络切片A可能具有时延低的特点，但是带宽相对较小。那么可以利用网络切片A传输对时延要求较高但是对带宽要求不高的业务的数据，例如金融业务和车联网业务等业务产生的数据。网络切片B具有大带宽的特点，但是数据的时延可能较高，那么可以利用网络切片B传输对带宽要求较高但是对时延要求不高的业务的数据，例如文件传输业务等业务产生的数据。这样，按照网络传输的特性将网络划分为多个网络切片，可以针对业务的特性选择最合适的网络切片传输该业务的数据，从而提升服务质量。
当承载网被划分为多个网络切片时，承载网设备可以选择承载网的网络切片转发报文，从而采用合适的网络资源转发报文。但是，承载网的边缘网络设备在接收到接入网(或移动核心网)的网络设备发送的报文时，边缘网络设备不能确定需要通过哪个承载网的网络切片发送该报文。
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种报文处理方法，接入网的网络设备或移动核心设备在接收第一报文后可以确定第一报文的网络切片映射信息，并向承载网的网络设备发送包括网络切片映射信息的第二报文。这样，承载网的网络设备可以根据网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片，从而利用对应承载网的网络切片传输第二报文。
本申请实施例提供的报文处理方法可以应用于图1所示的网络架构。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备111、终端设备112或终端设备113等终端设备，又可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)、终端等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，或，设置于该设备内的芯片，例如，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，一些终端设备的举例为：手机、台式电脑、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、支持5G接入的家庭网关设备(5G→residential gateway，5G→RG)等。
在图1所示实施例中，接入网的网络设备包括基站121和基站122，在一些其他的实现中，接入网的网络设备还可以是其他设备，例如用户驻地设备。网络设备131、网络设 备132、网络设备133或网络设备134为承载网的网络设备，例如可以是路由器(router)、交换机(switch)等支持路由功能的实体设备，也可以是部署虚拟路由器或虚拟交换机的服务器。移动核心网的网络设备包括网关设备141和网络设备142。其中，网关(Gateway)设备又可以称为网间连接器、协议转换器，可以用于在承载网和移动核心网之间提供数据转换服务的计算机系统或设备，网络设备142可以为路由器交换机等设备。服务器150例如可以是数据中心(data center，DC)的服务器。
参见图2，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种报文转发的方法的信令交互图，本申请实施例提供的报文转发的方法可以包括如下步骤：
S201：第一设备获得第一报文。
在本申请实施例中，第一设备可以是接入网的网络设备或移动核心网的网络设备，例如可以是图1中的网络设备121、网络设备122、网关设备141或网络设备142中的任意一个。第一报文可以是需要通过第一设备发送给承载网的网络设备的报文。例如，当第一设备为接入网的网络设备时，第一报文可以是终端设备发送给第一设备，并通过第一设备向承载网的网络设备发送的报文；当第一设备为移动核心网的网络设备时，第一报文可以是其他移动核心网的网络设备或服务器发送给第一设备，并通过第一设备向承载网的网络设备送的报文。
以图1为例进行说明。假设终端设备111向服务器150发送请求报文。该请求报文可以依次经过基站121、网络设备131、网络设备132、网关设备141和网络设备142，最终到达服务器150。服务器150在接收到请求报文后，可以生成响应报文并向网络设备142发送响应报文。该响应报文通过网关设备141、网络设备132、网络设备131和基站131的转发，最终到达服务器150。
可见，在传输请求报文的过程中，基站121可以向作为承载网的网络设备的网络设备131发送请求报文，那么基站121可以作为第一设备获得作为第一报文的请求报文。而在传输响应报文的过程中，网关设备141可以向作为承载网的网络设备的网络设备132发送响应报文，那么网关设备141可以作为第一设备获得作为第一报文的响应报文。
S202：第一设备确定第一报文的网络切片映射信息。
在获取第一报文后，第一设备可以确定第一报文的网络切片映射信息，该网络切片映射信息用于确定第一报文对应的承载网的网络切片。在本申请实施例中，网络切片映射信息可以包括接入网或移动核心网的信息，也可以包括与承载网的网络切片相关的信息。下面分别针对这两种情况进行介绍。
首先介绍网络切片映射信息包括接入网或移动核心网的信息的情况。具体地，该接入网或移动核心网的信息可以是第一网络切片标识和/或服务质量参数。
其中，第一网络切片标识用于标识接入网的网络切片或核心网的网络切片。当第一设备为接入网的网络设备时，第一网络切片标识用于标识传输第一报文的接入网的网络切片。当第一设备为移动核心网的网络设备时，第一网络切片标识用于标识传输第一报文的移动核心网的网络切片。在本申请实施例中，第一网络切片标识可以是单一网络切片选择辅助 信息(Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information，S-NSSAI)标识，也可以是网络切片实例(network slice instance，NSI)标识，还可以是网络切片子网实例(network slice subnet instance，NSSI)标识等。
服务质量参数为描述用于传输第一报文的网络或网络切片所需要的服务质量的参数。在本申请实施例中，第一报文的服务质量参数可以包括隔离等级(Isolation level)、理论包时延(Packet Delay Budget，PDB)、抖动(Jitter)和最大丢包率(Maximum packet loss rate)等参数。服务质量参数也可以为服务质量概述(profile)参数。下面对上述服务质量参数进行详细介绍。
第一报文的隔离等级表示第一报文对应的网络切片与其他网络切片之间的隔离状态。举例说明。如果第一报文的隔离等级的值为2，表示第一报文对应的网络切片与其他网络切片之间的隔离状态为逻辑隔离(Logical Isolation)；如果隔离等级的值为1，表示第一报文对应的网络切片与其他网络切片之间的隔离状态为物理隔离(Physical Isolation)。第一报文的理论包时延的值为数据包在第一报文对应的网络切片中传输的时延上界，即从第一报文被终端设备发出，到第一报文的目的设备接收报文的总时长。第一报文的抖动的值为第一报文对应的网络切片传递的任意两个相邻数据帧的时延之差的最大值。第一报文的最大丢包率为第一报文对应的网络切片在传输数据流时能够丢弃的报文占总报文的比例。
关于服务质量参数中各个参数的详细介绍可以参见全球移动通信系统协会(global system for mobile communications alliance，GSMA)通用网络切片标准(Generic Network Slice Template)协议，这里不再赘述。
上面介绍了第一网络切片标识和服务质量参数的定义，下面分别针对网络切片映射信息包括第一网络切片标识和网络切片映射信息包括服务质量参数时，对第一设备确定网络切片映射信息的方法进行介绍。
当网络切片映射信息包括第一网络切片标识时，第一设备可以采用两种不同的方法获得网络切片映射信息。
在第一种可能的实现中，第一报文包括第一网络切片标识。那么在确定网络切片映射信息时，第一设备可以解析第一报文，并提取第一报文中携带的该第一网络切片标识，即得到网络切片映射信息。
在第二种可能的实现中，第一报文不包括第一网络切片标识。那么在确定网络切片映射信息时，第一设备可以根据第一报文的属性信息、传输第一报文的需求信息、第一报文的业务标识、第一报文的流标识和第一报文的用户标识中的任意一种或多种确定第一网络切片标识。下面进行详细介绍。
第一报文的属性信息体现第一报文的属性，例如可以包括第一报文的QoS等级、第一设备接收第一报文的网络端口的端口号和第一报文所属的网段等信息中的任意一个或多个。当第一报文包括第一报文的属性信息时，第一设备可以预先存储报文的属性信息和第一网络切片标识的对应关系。在接收到第一报文后，第一设备可以确定第一报文的属性信息，并根据第一报文的属性信息和该对应关系确定第一网络切片标识，从而得到网络切片映射信息。
传输第一报文的需求信息表示第一报文需要的服务质量，例如可以包括传输第一报文所需要的带宽、传输第一报文对应的最大时延、第一报文对应的最大丢包率等信息。当第一报文包括传输第一报文的需求信息时，第一设备可以预先存储需求信息和第一网络切片标识的对应关系。在接收到第一报文后，第一设备可以确传输定第一报文的需求信息，并根据传输第一报文的需求信息和该对应关系确定第一网络切片标识，从而得到网络切片映射信息。
第一报文的业务标识可以是第一报文所属的业务实例的标识，体现第一报文是由哪种业务实例生成的。其中，业务实例为终端设备中运行的业务类型，例如可以包括音视频业务、非音视频业务等业务类型。可选地，第一报文的业务标识可以是生成第一报文的设备根据第一报文所属的业务实例在第一报文中添加的。当第一报文包括第一报文的业务标识时，第一设备可以预先存储报文的业务标识和第一网络切片标识的对应关系。在接收到第一报文后，第一设备可以确定第一报文的业务标识，并根据第一报文的业务标识和该对应关系确定第一网络切片标识，从而得到网络切片映射信息。
第一报文的流标识为第一报文所属的数据流的标识，体现第一报文属于哪条数据流。可选地，第一报文的流标识可以是生成第一报文的设备根据第一报文所属的业务流在第一报文中添加的。当第一报文包括第一报文的流标识时，第一设备可以预先存储报文的流标识和第一网络切片标识的对应关系。在接收到第一报文后，第一设备可以确定第一报文的流标识，并根据第一报文的流标识和该对应关系确定第一网络切片标识，从而得到网络切片映射信息。
第一报文的用户标识可以为生成第一报文的设备的标识，例如可以是生成第一报文的终端设备的IP地址、媒体存取控制(Media Access Control，MAC)地址等标识，体现第一报文是由哪个设备生成的。第一报文的用户标识还可以为生成第一报文的应用程序的用户标识，该应用程序可以安装在生成第一报文的设备上。可选地，第一报文的用户标识可以是生成第一报文的设备在生成第一报文时添加到第一报文中的。当第一报文包括第一报文的用户标识时，第一设备可以预先存储用户标识和第一网络切片标识的对应关系。在接收到第一报文后，第一设备可以确定第一报文的用户标识，并根据第一报文的用户标识和该对应关系确定第一网络切片标识，从而得到网络切片映射信息。
需要说明的是，第一报文不包括第一网络切片标识的原因可以是接入网的网络设备(或移动核心网的网络设备)未将接入网(或移动核心网)的网络切片的标识添加到第一报文中，也可以是接入网(或移动核心网)不划分网络切片。
上面对网络切片映射信息包括第一网络切片标识的情况下，第一设备确定网络切片映射信息的方法进行了介绍，下面对网络切片映射信息包括服务质量参数的情况下，第一设备确定网络切片映射信息的方法进行介绍。
当网络切片映射信息包括服务质量参数时，第一设备可以采用两种不同的方法确定网络切片映射信息。
在第一种可能的实现中，第一设备可以根据第一网络切片标识确定服务质量参数。具体地，第一设备可以预先存储第一网络切片标识和服务质量参数的对应关系。在接收到第 一报文后，当第一报文包括第一网络切片标识时，第一设备可以解析第一报文并获取第一网络切片标识，进而根据预先存储的对应关系确定与第一网络切片标识对应的服务质量参数；当第一报文不包括第一网络切片标识时，第一设备可以根据第一报文中的业务标识、流标识、用户标识、属性信息、需求信息等其中的一个或多个确定第一网络切片标识，进而根据预先存储的对应关系确定与第一网络切片标识对应的服务质量参数。关于第一设备确定第一网络切片标识的具体方法可以参见上文，这里不再赘述。
在第二种可能的实现中，第一设备可以根据第一报文的属性信息或传输第一报文的需求信息确定服务质量参数。关于属性信息和需求信息的描述可以参见上文，这里不再赘述。
在根据第一报文的属性信息确定服务质量参数时，第一设备可以解析第一报文的属性信息，根据第一报文的属性信息确定传输第一报文所需的服务质量，得到服务质量参数，从而得到网络切片映射信息。
在根据传输第一报文的需求信息确定服务质量参数时，第一设备可以对传输第一报文的需求信息进行整理，从而确定传输第一报文所需的服务质量，得到服务质量参数，从而得到网络切片映射信息。
上面介绍了网络切片映射信息包括接入网或移动核心网的信息的情况，下面介绍网络切片映射信息包括与承载网的网络切片相关的信息的情况。
在本申请实施例中，与承载网的网络切片相关的信息可以包括服务质量参数标识、VPN标识、承载网的网络切片标识、业务切片标识和资源切片标识等中的任意一种或多种。下面分别对这些信息进行介绍。
服务质量参数标识为上述服务质量参数的标识。一个服务质量参数标识可以用于标识一组服务质量参数，该一组服务质量参数可以包括一个或多个服务质量参数。服务质量参数标识与承载网的网络切片相对应，可以表示承载网的网络切片的服务质量等级。当服务质量参数为服务质量概述参数时，服务质量参数标识为服务质量概述标识。
举例说明。假设承载网包括承载网的网络切片1、承载网的网络切片2和承载网的网络切片3共三个承载网的网络切片。其中承载网的网络切片1和承载网的网络切片2的理论包时延为1毫秒，承载网的网络切片3的理论包时延为2毫秒。那么与承载网的网络切片1和承载网的网络切片2对应的服务质量参数标识可以为A，表示该承载网的网络切片1和承载网的网络切片2是服务质量等级较高的承载网的网络切片；与承载网的网络切片3对应的服务质量参数标识可以为B，表示该承载网的网络切片1和承载网的网络切片2是服务质量等级较低的承载网的网络切片。那么，如果第一报文的理论包时延为1毫秒，那么第一报文的服务质量参数标识为A。如果第一报文的理论包时延为2毫秒，那么第一报文的服务质量参数标识为B。
当第一报文为通过VPN传输的报文时，第一报文可以包括传输第一报文的VPN标识，该VPN标识为第一报文所使用的VPN的标识。
在将承载网划分为多个网络切片时，可以根据网络切片对应的业务类型将承载网划分为多个业务切片，也可以根据网络切片占用的网络资源将承载网划分为多个资源切片，还可以根据业务类型和网络资源以外的其他原则将承载网划分为多个承载网的网络切片。
当承载网不被划分为业务切片和资源切片时，第一报文对应的网络切片映射信息可以包括承载网切片标识。承载网切片标识用于标识为第一报文对应的承载网的网络切片。当承载网被划分为多个业务切片时，网络切片映射信息可以包括业务切片标识，表示第一报文对应的第二报文需要通过哪个业务切片传输；当承载网被划分为多个资源切片时，网络切片映射信息可以包括资源切片标识，表示第一报文对应的第二报文需要通过哪个资源切片传输。可选地，资源切片标识用于指定第一报文对应的承载网底层(underlay)网络。
上面介绍了与承载网的网络切片相关的信息，下面对在网络切片映射信息包括与承载网的网络切片相关的信息的情况下，第一设备确定网络切片映射信息的方法进行介绍。
当网络切片映射信息包括与承载网的网络切片相关的信息时，第一设备可以采用两种不同的方法确定网络切片映射信息。
在第一种可能的实现中，第一设备可以根据第一网络切片标识确定网络切片映射信息。具体地，第一设备可以预先存储第一网络切片标识和网络切片映射信息的对应关系，并结合对应关系确定网络切片映射信息。
以网络切片映射信息包括承载网切片标识为例进行说明。第一设备可以预先存储承载网切片标识与第一网络切片标识之间的对应关系，即承载网的网络切片的标识与接入网(或移动核心网)的网络切片的标识之间的对应关系。在接收到第一报文后，第一设备可以根据预先存储的对应关系确定与第一网络切片标识对应的承载网切片标识。第一设备获取第一网络切片标识的具体方法可以参见上文，这里不再赘述。
在第二种可能的实现中，第一设备可以根据第一报文的属性信息或传输第一报文的需求信息确定网络切片映射信息。关于属性信息和需求信息的描述可以参见上文，这里不再赘述。可选地，第一设备可以预先存储第一报文的属性信息与网络切片映射信息的对应关系，或传输第一报文的需求信息与网络切片映射信息的对应关系。在接收到第一报文后，可以确定第一报文的属性信息或传输第一报文的需求信息，再结合对应关系得到网络切片映射信息。
上述可能的实现方式不构成对本申请实施例技术方案的限定，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况自行设计。
S203：第一设备根据第一报文生成第二报文。
在确定第一报文的网络切片映射信息后，第一设备可以根据第一报文生成第二报文。其中，该第二报文包括网络切片映射信息。可选地，第一设备可以将网络切片映射信息添加到第一报文的报文头中，将新的报文作为第二报文。当然，第一设备也可以生成新的报文头，并将第一报文中携带的数据和该新报文头封装为第二报文。本申请实施例对第一设备根据第一报文生成第二报文的具体方法不作限定。
在本申请实施例中，网络切片映射信息可以携带在第二报文的IPv6扩展头、IPv6基本头、以太网(ethernet)扩展头或MPLS头中的一个或多个。
下面分别对四种情况进行介绍。
在第一种可能的实现中，网络切片映射信息携带在第二报文的IPv6扩展头中。IPv6扩展头可以包括逐跳可选头(Hop by Hop Options Header)、目的可选头(Destination Options  Header)、路由头(Routing Header)和段路由头(Segment Routing Header)中的任意一个或多个。
在本申请实施例中，网络切片映射信息可以携带在上述任意一种IPv6扩展头中。可选地，如果网络切片映射信息携带在第二报文的IPv6扩展头中，网络切片映射信息可以携带在IP扩展头的TLV字段中。
在第二种可能的实现中，网络切片映射信息携带在第二报文的IPv6基本头中。IPv6基本头可以包括源地址(source address，SA)字段、目的地址(destination address，DA)字段以及流标签(flow label)字段，网络切片映射信息可以携带在这三个字段中的一个或多个。
在第三种可能的实现中，网络切片映射信息携带在以太网头中。具体的，以太网头可以包括VLAN ID字段，用于携带网络切片映射信息。可选地，如果网络切片映射信息的长度大于VLAN ID字段的长度，网络切片映射信息可以携带在多个相邻的VLAN ID字段中。举例说明，假设网络切片映射信息为S-NSSAI，该S-NSSAI包括8比特(bit)的切片服务类型(slice service type)，以及24比特的切片区分器(slice differentiator，SD)组成，即S-NSSAI的长度一共为32比特。由于每个VLAN ID字段的长度为12bit，网络切片映射信息可以携带在三个相邻的VLAN ID字段中。由于三个VLAN ID字段的总长度为36bit，大于网络切片映射信息的长度，因此三个VLAN ID字段能够容纳网络切片映射信息。
在第四种可能的实现中，网络切片映射信息携带在MPLS头。MPLS头是报文头中用于携带MPLS标签的区域。
在本申请实施例中，如果网络切片映射信息携带在第二报文的MPLS头中，该MPLS头可以包括多个MPLS标签，用于携带网络切片映射信息。可选地，如果网络切片映射信息的长度大于一个MPLS标签的长度，网络切片映射信息可以携带在多个相邻的MPLS标签中。举例说明，假设网络切片映射信息的长度为32比特(bit)，每个MPLS标签的长度为20bit。由于两个MPLS标签的总长度为40bit，大于网络切片映射信息的长度，因此网络切片映射信息可以携带在两个相邻的MPLS标签中。
上面对IPv6扩展头、IPv6基本头、以太网头和MPLS头分别进行了介绍，下面对IPv6扩展头、IPv6基本头、以太网头和MPLS头对应的字段在报文中可能的位置进行介绍。
参见图3，图3为不包括MPLS头的报文头的一种可能的格式示意图。从该图中可以看出，报文头可以包括应用协议(Application Protocols)扩展头、IP(User)基本头、通用分组无线服务(General Packet Radio Service，GPRS)隧道协议(GPRS Tunneling Protocol)扩展头、用户数据报协议(User Datagram Protocol，UDP)扩展头、IPv6扩展头和以太网扩展头。其中，IP基本头指的是IPv6基本头。
参见图4，图4为包括MPLS头的报文头的一种可能的格式示意图。从该图中可以看出MPLS头可以位于UDP扩展头和IPv6扩展头之间。
S204：第一设备向第二设备发送第二报文。
在生成第二报文后，第一设备可以向第二设备发送该第二报文。其中，第二设备为承载网的网络设备，例如可以是图1中网络设备131、网络设备132、网络设备133和网络设 备134中的任意一个。
S205：第二设备根据网络切片映射信息确定承载网的网络切片。
在接收到第二报文后，第二设备可以根据网络切片映射信息确定第一报文对应的承载网的网络切片。可选地，第二设备可以根据网络切片映射信息确定承载网的网络切片的标识，即承载网切片标识(Transport Network Slice Identifier，TNSI)，从而确定第一报文对应的承载网的网络切片。
根据前文介绍可知，网络切片映射信息可以包括接入网(或移动核心网)的信息，也可以包括与承载网的网络切片相关的信息。下面对第二设备确定承载网的网络切片的方法进行详细介绍。
在第一种可能的实现中，网络切片映射信息包括接入网或移动核心网的信息，即网络切片映射信息包括第一网络切片标识和/或服务质量参数。那么在确定承载网的网络切片时，第二设备可以根据预先存储的对应关系确定承载网的网络切片。
以网络切片映射信息包括服务质量参数为例进行说明。第二设备可以预先存储服务质量参数与承载网切片标识的对应关系。这样，在接收到第二报文后，第二设备可以解析第二报文并提取服务质量参数，再根据对应关系确定第二报文对应的承载网切片标识，从而确定与承载网切片标识对应的承载网的网络切片。
在第二种可能的实现中，网络切片映射信息包括与承载网的网络切片相关的信息，即网络切片映射信息包括服务质量参数标识、VPN标识、承载网切片标识、业务切片标识和资源切片标识中的任意一种或多种，第二设备可以直接根据与网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片。
以网络切片映射信息包括服务质量参数标识为例进行说明。在划分承载网的网络切片时，第二设备可以对每个承载网的网络切片的服务质量参数进行分析，确定每个承载网的网络切片对应的服务质量参数标识。这样，在接收到第二报文后，第二设备可以解析第二报文并提取服务质量参数标识，再从多个承载网的网络切片中确定对应与第二报文中该服务质量参数标识的承载网的网络切片。
S206：第二设备根据承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源向第三设备发送第二报文。
在确定承载网的网络切片后，第二设备可以根据承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源向第三设备发送该第二报文。其中，第三设备可以是通过承载网与第二设备连接的网络设备，例如可以是承载网中其他网络设备。在本申请实施例中，当第二设备为图1中网络设备131时，第三设备可以为网络设备132；当第二设备为网络设备134时，第三设备可以为网络设备133。
在确定承载网的网络切片后，第二设备可以利用该承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源向第三设备发送第二报文。其中，网络资源可以包括带宽资源、缓存资源和队列资源中的任意一种或多种。
在本申请实施例提供的报文转发的方法中，作为接入网的网络设备或移动核心网的网络设备的第一设备在向作为承载网的网络设备的第二设备发送报文前，可以先确定报文的网络切片映射信息并携带在报文中。这样，可以在承载网的网络设备接收到报文前，预先 确定传输该报文的承载网的网络切片需要满足的条件(即网络切片映射信息)，并将这些条件携带在报文中发送给承载网的网络设备。承载网的网络设备在接收到报文后，可以根据报文中携带的网络切片映射信息确定传输该报文的承载网的网络切片需要满足的条件。如此，承载网的网络设备可以选择满足网络切片映射信息的承载网的网络切片转发报文。
图5示出了上述实施例中所涉及的第一设备的一种可能的结构示意图，该设备500可以实现图2所示实例中第一设备的功能。参阅图5，该网络设备500包括：获取单元501、处理单元502和发送单元503。这些单元可以执行上述方法示例中第一设备的相应功能。获取单元501，用于支持设备500执行图2中S201；处理单元502，用于支持网络设备500执行图2中的S202和S203；发送单元503，用于支持网络设备500执行图2中S204。举例来说，接收单元501，用于获得第一报文，所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设；处理单元502，用于根据所述第一报文确定网络切片映射信息；根据所述第一报文生成第二报文，所述第二报文包括所述网络切片映射信息；发送单元503，用于向第二设备发送所述第二报文，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备，所述网络切片映射信息用于确定转发所述第二报文的承载网的网络切片。具体执行过程请参考上述图2所示实施例中相应步骤的详细描述，这里不再一一赘述。
图6示出了上述实施例中所涉及的第二设备的一种可能的结构示意图，该设备600可以实现图2所示实例中第二设备的功能。参阅图6，该网络设备600包括：获取单元601、处理单元602和发送单元6033。这些单元可以执行上述方法示例中第二设备的相应功能。举例来说，接收单元601，用于接收来自第一设备的第二报文，所述第二报文包括网络切片映射信息；所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备；处理单元602，用于根据所述网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片；发送单元，用于采用与所述承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文。具体执行过程请参考上述图2所示实施例中相应步骤的详细描述，这里不再一一赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。本申请实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。例如，上述实施例中，获取单元和处理单元可以是同一个单元，也不同的单元。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
参阅图7所示，发明实施例提供了一种网络系统700，该系统700用于实现前述方法实施例中的报文转发的方法和报文处理方法。该系统700包括设备701和设备702。设备701可以实现图2所示的实施例中的第一设备的功能，设备702可以实现图2所示的实施例中第二设备的功能。具体执行过程请参考上述图2所示实施例中相应步骤的详细描述，这里不再一一赘述。
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种设备800的结构示意图。图5中的网络设备500、图6 中的网络设备600可以通过图8所示的设备来实现。参见图8，该设备800包括至少一个处理器801，通信总线802以及至少一个网络接口804，可选地，该设备800还可以包括存储器803。
处理器801可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)。处理器可以用于对报文进行处理，以实现本申请实施例中提供的报文转发的方法和报文处理的方法。比如，当图2中的第一设备通过图8所示的设备来实现时，该处理器可以用于获得第一报文；根据所述第一报文确定网络切片映射信息；根据所述第一报文生成第二报文，所述第二报文包括所述网络切片映射信息；向第二设备发送所述第二报文，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备，所述网络切片映射信息用于确定转发所述第二报文的承载网的网络切片。又比如，当图2中的第二设备通过图8所示的设备来实现时，该处理器可以用于接收来自第一设备的第二报文，所述第二报文包括网络切片映射信息；所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备；根据所述网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片；采用与所述承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文。具体功能实现可参考方法实施例中第二设备的处理部分。
通信总线802用于在处理器801、网络接口804和存储器803之间传送信息。
存储器803可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其它类型的静态存储设备，存储器803还可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其它类型的动态存储设备，也可以是只读光盘(compact disc read-only Memory，CD-ROM)或其它光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其它磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其它介质，但不限于此。存储器803可以是独立存在，通过通信总线802与处理器801相连接。存储器803也可以和处理器801集成在一起。
可选地，存储器803用于存储执行本申请方案的程序代码或指令，并由处理器801来控制执行。处理器801用于执行存储器803中存储的程序代码或指令。程序代码中可以包括一个或多个软件模块。可选地，处理器801也可以存储执行本申请方案的程序代码或指令，在这种情况下处理器801不需要到存储器803中读取程序代码或指令。
网络接口804可以为收发器一类的装置，用于与其它设备或通信网络通信，通信网络可以为以太网、无线接入网(RAN)或无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。在本申请实施例中，网络接口804可以用于接收分段路由网络中的其他节点发送的报文，也可以向分段路由网络中的其他节点发送报文。网络接口804可以为以太接口(ethernet)接口、快速以太(fast ethernet，FE)接口或千兆以太(gigabit ethernet，GE)接口等。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，设备800可以包括多个处理器，例如图8中所示的处理器801和处理器405。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种设备900的结构示意图。图2中的第一设备和第二设可以通过图9所示的设备来实现。参见图9所示的设备结构示意图，设备900包括主控板和一个或多个接口板。主控板与接口板通信连接。主控板也称为主处理单元(main processing unit，MPU)或路由处理卡(route processor card)，主控板包括CPU和存储器，主控板负责对设备900中各个组件的控制和管理，包括路由计算、设备管理和维护功能。接口板也称为线处理单元(line processing unit，LPU)或线卡(line card)，用于接收和发送报文。在一些实施例中，主控板与接口板之间或接口板与接口板之间通过总线通信。在一些实施例中，接口板之间通过交换网板通信，在这种情况下设备900也包括交换网板，交换网板与主控板、接口板通信连接，交换网板用于转发接口板之间的数据，交换网板也可以称为交换网板单元(switch fabric unit，SFU)。接口板包括CPU、存储器、转发引擎和接口卡(interface card，IC)，其中接口卡可以包括一个或多个网络接口。网络接口可以为Ethernet接口、FE接口或GE接口等。CPU与存储器、转发引擎和接口卡分别通信连接。存储器用于存储转发表。转发引擎用于基于存储器中保存的转发表转发接收到的报文，如果接收到的报文的目的地址为设备900的IP地址，则将该报文发送给主控板或接口板的CPU进行处理；如果接收到的报文的目的地址不是设备900的IP地址，则根据该目的地查转发表，如果从转发表中查找到该目的地址对应的下一跳和出接口，将该报文转发到该目的地址对应的出接口。转发引擎可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)。接口卡也称为子卡，可安装在接口板上，负责将光电信号转换为数据帧，并对数据帧进行合法性检查后转发给转发引擎处理或接口板CPU。在一些实施例中，CPU也可执行转发引擎的功能，比如基于通用CPU实现软转发，从而接口板中不需要转发引擎。在一些实施例中，转发引擎可以通过ASIC或现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)实现。在一些实施例中，存储转发表的存储器也可以集成到转发引擎中，作为转发引擎的一部分。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片系统实现上述图2所示实施例中第一设备或第二设备的方法。
可选地，该芯片系统中的处理器可以为一个或多个。该处理器可以通过硬件实现也可以通过软件实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等。当通过软件实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现。
可选地，该芯片系统中的存储器也可以为一个或多个。该存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置，本申请并不限定。示例性的，存储器可以是非瞬时性处理器，例如只读存储器ROM，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请对存储器的类型，以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不作具体限定。
示例性的，该芯片系统可以是FPGA，可以是ASIC，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是CPU，还可以是NP，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器 (programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。
应理解，上述方法实施例中的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行前述实施例中的方法。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包括，例如，包括了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本申请中“至少一项(个)”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。本申请中认为“A和/或B”包括单独A，单独B，和A+B。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑模块划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要获取其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各模块单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件模块单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件模块单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部 分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，在上述一个或多个示例中，本发明所描述的功能可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将这些功能存储在计算机可读介质中或者作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是通用或专用计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (48)

  1. 一种报文转发的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一设备获得第一报文，所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备；
    所述第一设备根据所述第一报文确定网络切片映射信息；
    所述第一设备根据所述第一报文生成第二报文，所述第二报文包括所述网络切片映射信息；
    所述第一设备向第二设备发送所述第二报文，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备，所述网络切片映射信息用于所述第二设备确定转发所述第二报文的承载网的网络切片。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：
    服务质量参数、虚拟专用网络VPN标识、服务质量参数标识、业务切片标识、资源切片标识和承载网切片标识。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息包括第一网络切片标识，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网的网络切片。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备确定网络切片映射信息包括：
    所述第一设备根据所述第一报文确定第一网络切片标识，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网络的网络切片；
    所述第一设备根据所述第一网络切片标识确定所述网络切片映射信息。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备存储有第一网络切片标识和所述网络切片映射信息的对应关系，所述第一设备根据所述第一网络切片标识确定所述网络切片映射信息包括：
    所述第一设备根据所述第一网络切片标识和所述对应关系确定所述网络切片映射信息。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备确定网络切片映射信息包括：
    所述第一设备根据所述第一报文的属性信息确定所述网络切片映射信息，或者，
    所述第一设备根据传输所述第一报文的需求信息确定所述网络切片映射信息。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备根据所述第一报文确定所述网络切片映射信息包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述第一报文的业务标识、流标识和用户标识中的一个或多个确定所述第一网络切片标识。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二报文包括互联网协议第六版IPv6扩展头、IPv6基本头、以太网头和多协议标签交换MPLS头中的任意一个或多个，所述IPv6扩展头、所述IPv6基本头、所述以太网头和所述MPLS头中的任 意一个或多个携带所述网络切片映射信息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述IPv6扩展头包括以下其中一种或多种：
    逐跳可选头Hop by Hop Options Header、目的可选头Destination Options Header、路由头Routing Header和段路由头Segment Routing Header。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6扩展头的类型长度值TLV字段中。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6基本头的源地址字段、目的地址字段或流标签字段中的任意一个或多个。
  12. 根据权利要求8至11任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述以太网头包括虚拟局域网标识VLAN ID字段，所述切片映射信息携带在所述VLAN ID字段中。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备为基站或用户驻地设备，所述第二设备为路由器或交换机。
  14. 一种报文处理方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二设备接收来自第一设备的第二报文，所述第二报文包括网络切片映射信息；所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备；
    所述第二设备根据所述网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片；
    所述第二设备采用与所述承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：
    虚拟专用网络VPN标识、服务质量参数标识、业务切片标识、资源切片标识和承载网切片标识。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：
    第一网络切片标识和服务质量参数，其中，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网的网络切片。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二设备根据所述网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片包括：
    所述第二设备根据所述网络切片映射信息和对应关系确定对应的承载网的网络切片的切片标识，所述对应关系为所述网络切片映射信息和承载网切片标识之间的对应关系，所述承载网切片标识为所述承载网的网络切片的切片标识；
    所述第二设备采用与所述承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文包括：
    所述第二设备采用与所述承载网切片标识对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文。
  18. 根据权利要求14至17任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二报文包括互联网协议第六版IPv6扩展头、IPv6基本头、以太网头和MPLS头中的任意一个或多个，所述IPv6扩展头、所述IPv6基本头、所述以太网头或所述MPLS头中的任意一个或多个携带所述网络切片映射信息。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述IPv6扩展头包括以下其中一种或多种：
    逐跳可选头Hop by Hop Options Header、目的可选头Destination Options Header、路由头Routing Header和段路由头Segment Routing Header。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6扩展头的类型长度值TLV字段中。
  21. 根据权利要求18至20任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6基本头的源地址字段、目的地址字段或流标签字段中的任意一个或多个。
  22. 根据权利要求18至21任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述以太网头包括虚拟局域网标识VLAN ID字段，所述切片映射信息携带在所述VLAN ID字段中。
  23. 根据权利要求14至22任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备为基站或用户驻地设备，所述第二设备为路由器或交换机。
  24. 根据权利要求14至23任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络资源包括带宽资源、缓存资源和队列资源中的任意一种或多种。
  25. 一种设备，其特征在于，用于包括多个设备的网络系统，所述多个网络设备包括第一设备和第二设备，所述设备为所述第一设备，所述设备包括：
    获取单元，用于获得第一报文，所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备；
    处理单元，用于根据所述第一报文确定网络切片映射信息；根据所述第一报文生成第二报文，所述第二报文包括所述网络切片映射信息；
    发送单元，用于向第二设备发送所述第二报文，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备，所述网络切片映射信息用于所述第二设备确定转发所述第二报文的承载网的网络切片。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的设备，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：
    服务质量参数、虚拟专用网络VPN标识、服务质量参数标识、业务切片标识、资源切片标识和承载网切片标识。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的设备，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息包括第一网络切片标识，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网的网络切片。
  28. 根据权利要求25或26所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一报文确定第一网络切片标识，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网络的网络切片；根据所述第一网络切片标识确定所述网络切片映射信息。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备存储有第一网络切片标识和所述网络切片映射信息的对应关系；
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一网络切片标识和所述对应关系确定所述网络切片映射信息。
  30. 根据权利要求25至27任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一报文的属性信息确定所述网络切片映射信息，或者，根据传输所述第一报文的需求信息确定所述网络切片映射信息。
  31. 根据权利要求27所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述第一报文的业务标识、流标识和用户标识中的一个或多个确定所述第一网络切片标识。
  32. 根据权利要求25至30任一权利要求所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第二报文包括互联网协议第六版IPv6扩展头、IPv6基本头、以太网头和多协议标签交换MPLS头中的任意一个或多个，所述IPv6扩展头、所述IPv6基本头、所述以太网头和所述MPLS头中的任意一个或多个携带所述网络切片映射信息。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的设备，其特征在于，所述IPv6扩展头包括以下其中一种或多种：
    逐跳可选头Hop by Hop Options Header、目的可选头Destination Options Header、路由头Routing Header和段路由头Segment Routing Header。
  34. 根据权利要求32或33所述的设备，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6扩展头的类型长度值TLV字段中。
  35. 根据权利要求32至34任一权利要求所述的设备，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6基本头的源地址字段、目的地址字段或流标签字段中的任意一个或多个。
  36. 根据权利要求32至35任一权利要求所述的设备，其特征在于，所述以太网头包括虚拟局域网标识VLAN ID字段，所述切片映射信息携带在所述VLAN ID字段中。
  37. 一种设备，其特征在于，用于包括多个设备的网络系统，所述多个网络设备包括第一设备和第二设备，所述设备为所述第二设备，所述设备包括：
    接收单元，用于接收来自第一设备的第二报文，所述第二报文包括网络切片映射信息；所述第一设备为接入网或移动核心网的网络设备，所述第二设备为承载网的网络设备；
    处理单元，用于根据所述网络切片映射信息确定对应的承载网的网络切片；
    发送单元，用于采用与所述承载网的网络切片对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的设备，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：
    虚拟专用网络VPN标识、服务质量参数标识、业务切片标识、资源切片标识和承载网切片标识。
  39. 根据权利要求37所述的设备，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：
    第一网络切片标识和服务质量参数，其中，所述第一网络切片标识用于标识传输所述第一报文的接入网的网络切片，或用于标识传输所述第一报文的核心网的网络切片。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述网络切片映射信息和对应关系确定对应的承载网的网络 切片的切片标识，所述对应关系为所述网络切片映射信息和承载网切片标识之间的对应关系，所述承载网切片标识为所述承载网的网络切片的切片标识；
    所述发送单元，用于采用与所述承载网切片标识对应的网络资源发送所述第二报文。
  41. 根据权利要求37至40任一权利要求所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第二报文包括互联网协议第六版IPv6扩展头、IPv6基本头、以太网头和MPLS头中的任意一个或多个，所述IPv6扩展头、所述IPv6基本头、所述以太网头或所述MPLS头中的任意一个或多个携带所述网络切片映射信息。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的设备，其特征在于，所述IPv6扩展头包括以下其中一种或多种：
    逐跳可选头Hop by Hop Options Header、目的可选头Destination Options Header、路由头Routing Header和段路由头Segment Routing Header。
  43. 根据权利要求41或42所述的设备，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6扩展头的类型长度值TLV字段中。
  44. 根据权利要求41至43任一权利要求所述的设备，其特征在于，所述网络切片映射信息携带在所述IPv6基本头的源地址字段、目的地址字段或流标签字段中的任意一个或多个。
  45. 根据权利要求41至44任一权利要求所述的设备，其特征在于，所述以太网头包括虚拟局域网标识VLAN ID字段，所述切片映射信息携带在所述VLAN ID字段中。
  46. 一种网络系统，其特征在于，所述网络系统包括如权利要求25至36任一项所述的第一设备和如权利要求37至45任一项所述的第二设备。
  47. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括指令、程序或代码，当其在计算机上执行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至24任一权利要求所述的方法。
  48. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括存储器和处理器，存储器用于存储指令或程序代码，处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该指令或程序代码，以执行如权利要求1至24任一权利要求所述的方法。
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