WO2022155969A1 - 显示装置及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

显示装置及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022155969A1
WO2022155969A1 PCT/CN2021/073653 CN2021073653W WO2022155969A1 WO 2022155969 A1 WO2022155969 A1 WO 2022155969A1 CN 2021073653 W CN2021073653 W CN 2021073653W WO 2022155969 A1 WO2022155969 A1 WO 2022155969A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sub
pixel
light
pixels
splitting
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PCT/CN2021/073653
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马森
董学
高健
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to CN202180000064.XA priority Critical patent/CN115136059B/zh
Priority to US17/757,975 priority patent/US20230164302A1/en
Priority to EP21920361.9A priority patent/EP4120006A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/073653 priority patent/WO2022155969A1/zh
Publication of WO2022155969A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022155969A1/zh
Priority to US18/316,915 priority patent/US12051344B2/en
Priority to US18/394,220 priority patent/US20240179290A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133526—Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
    • G09G3/342—Control of illumination source using several illumination sources separately controlled corresponding to different display panel areas, e.g. along one dimension such as lines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a display device and a driving method thereof.
  • Three-dimensional display technology can make the display picture become three-dimensional and realistic.
  • the principle is: the left eye image and the right eye image with a certain parallax are respectively received by the left and right eyes of the human being. After the two parallax images are received by the left and right eyes of the human, the brain superimposes and fuses the image information to construct a 3D image. visual display effect.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, including:
  • a display panel comprising: a plurality of pixel islands arranged at intervals along a row direction and a column direction; each of the pixel islands has a plurality of sub-pixels arranged at intervals along the row direction;
  • the light splitting component is arranged on the display side of the display panel; the light splitting component includes a plurality of light splitting structures extending along the column direction and continuously arranged along the row direction; in the row direction, each adjacent at least two Each of the light-splitting structures is a light-splitting repeating unit; each of the light-splitting repeating units covers a corresponding row of the pixel islands, and each of the sub-pixels in one of the pixel islands is complementary to the relative position of the corresponding light-splitting structure.
  • the relative positions of all the sub-pixels in one of the pixel islands and the corresponding light-splitting structures are arranged continuously in the row direction.
  • the width of the light splitting structure is equal to 1/m of the width of the corresponding pixel island, where m is one of the light splitting repetitions The total number of split structures described in the cell.
  • the pixel island includes m*N+k sub-pixels; wherein, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 Integer and k and m do not have a common divisor other than 1;
  • the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel to the gap width of two adjacent sub-pixels is greater than or equal to 0.95/(m-1) and less than or equal to 1.05/(m-1).
  • the vertical distance T between the pixel island and the light splitting structure satisfies the following formula:
  • w is the width of one of the light-splitting structures in the row direction
  • ⁇ is the angle of a viewpoint formed by the light emitted by one of the sub-pixels passing through the corresponding light-splitting structure.
  • an interval angle between two adjacent viewpoints is ⁇ .
  • the light splitting structure is a cylindrical lens, and the focal length of the cylindrical lens is equal to T.
  • the display device further includes: a spacer dielectric layer located between the display panel and the light splitting structure.
  • m is 2, N is 4, and k is 1; or, m is 3, N is 2, and k is 2; or, m is 3, and N is 2 3, k is 1; or, m is 3, N is 3, and k is 2; or, m is 4, N is 2, and k is 1; or, m is 4, N is 2, and k is 3; or, m is 5, N is 2, k is 1; or, m is 5, N is 2, k is 2; or, m is 5, N is 2, k is 3; or, m is 5, N is 2, k is 4; or, m is 6, N is 2, and k is 1; or, m is 6, N is 2, and k is 5.
  • each of the light splitting structures is configured such that the light emitted by all the sub-pixels covered by it forms a main lobe viewing angle, and makes it adjacent to the The light emitted by all the sub-pixels covered by the light splitting structure forms a side lobe viewing angle;
  • the shortest distance between the boundary of the main lobe viewing angle and the boundary of the side lobe viewing angle is equal to the width of the light splitting structure in the row direction, and the shortest distance between the boundaries of the side lobe viewing angles of any two adjacent levels is equal to the width of the light splitting structure in the row direction.
  • every three of the pixel islands continuously arranged in the column direction is a pixel repeating unit
  • the display colors of the sub-pixels of the same pixel island are the same, and the display colors of the sub-pixels of different pixel islands are different.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for driving the above-mentioned display device, including:
  • the first image driving signal corresponding to each pixel island is determined according to the image information to be displayed; and the corresponding first image driving signal is loaded to all sub-pixels in the pixel island to form a two-dimensional image;
  • a second image driving signal corresponding to each viewpoint is determined according to the image information to be displayed;
  • the second image driving signal is used to form a three-dimensional image with multiple viewpoints.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the light path of the light emitted by the pixel island after the light splitting structure in the related art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of continuous light emission from the main lobe viewing angle of the pixel island shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of continuous light emission from the main lobe viewing angle and the side lobe viewing angle of the pixel island shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 13 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 14 is yet another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 15 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 16 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 17 is another complementary alignment diagram of the relative positions of sub-pixels and corresponding light-splitting structures in a pixel island provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a thickness reduction of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a region where a pixel island is located according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a method for driving a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a display device in the related art.
  • the display device includes a plurality of pixel islands S.
  • Each pixel island S can be divided into several sub-pixels.
  • Each sub-pixel can be controlled independently, and there is no gap between the sub-pixels. (space).
  • the main lobe viewing angle and the side lobe viewing angle of the entire pixel island S are closely connected, so that continuous light emission can be realized.
  • the sub-pixels in the pixel island S are not arranged continuously, that is, there is a gap between the sub-pixels in the pixel island S, so the pixel island S cannot achieve continuous light emission for the time being, resulting in discontinuous viewing angles.
  • the gap is projected to the corresponding position of the space, a "black area" will be seen, which affects the viewing effect.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, as shown in FIG. 3 , including:
  • the display panel 101 includes: a plurality of pixel islands S arranged at intervals along the row direction X and the column direction Y; each pixel island S has a plurality of sub-pixels arranged at intervals along the row direction X;
  • the light-splitting component 102 is arranged on the display side of the display panel 101; the light-splitting component 102 includes a plurality of light-splitting structures L extending along the column direction Y and continuously arranged along the row direction X; in the row direction X, each adjacent at least two light-splitting structures
  • the structure L is a light splitting repeating unit 1021 ; each light splitting repeating unit 1021 corresponds to a column of pixel islands S, and the relative positions of the sub-pixels in one pixel island S and the corresponding light splitting structure L are complementary.
  • each pixel island S is covered with a plurality of light-splitting structures L, the relative positions of the sub-pixels and the light-splitting structures L above them just form a dislocation complementary arrangement; and the light-splitting structures L
  • the size (Pitch) is small, and it is impossible for the human eye to distinguish which light splitting structure L exits the light, so the human eye seems to see that the pixel island S is split by the multiple light splitting structures L above it. is continuous, and the human eye does not see "black areas" when moving in space.
  • FIG. 4 will take FIG. 4 as an example to specifically illustrate that the outgoing light rays after the pixel island S is split by the multiple light splitting structures L above it are continuous in space.
  • the main lobe viewing angle refers to the viewing angle formed in space after the light emitted by the sub-pixel is split by the light splitting structure L directly above it.
  • a pixel island S includes nine sub-pixels, which are marked as the first sub-pixel 1, the second sub-pixel 2, the third sub-pixel 3, the fourth sub-pixel 4, the fifth sub-pixel 5, and the sixth sub-pixel.
  • a light-splitting repeating unit 1021 corresponding to the pixel island S includes two light-splitting structures L, marked as the first light-splitting structure L1 and the first light-splitting structure L1 respectively.
  • the first light splitting structure L1 covers the first sub-pixel 1, the third sub-pixel 3, the fifth sub-pixel 5, the seventh sub-pixel 7 and the ninth sub-pixel 9
  • the second light splitting structure L2 covers the first sub-pixel 1, the third sub-pixel 3, the fifth sub-pixel 5, the seventh sub-pixel 7 and the ninth sub-pixel 9
  • each sub-pixel and the two light splitting structures L are in a dislocation complementary relationship, so the light exit angles of the two light splitting structures L are also dislocation complementary. Due to the small size of the light-splitting structure L, it is impossible for the human eye to distinguish which light-splitting structure L specifically exits the light. Therefore, it appears to the human eye that the outgoing light after each pixel island S is split by the multiple light-splitting structures L above it is in space. is continuous, and the human eye does not see "black areas" when moving in space.
  • the side lobe viewing angle refers to the viewing angle formed in space by the light emitted by the sub-pixel passing through the light splitting structure L next to the light splitting structure L directly above it, for example, passing through the first light splitting structure L (for example, the first light splitting structure L1) adjacent to the light splitting structure directly above it.
  • the light splitting structure L eg, the second light splitting structure L2
  • the second light splitting structure L adjacent to the light splitting structure L directly above is the second-order side lobe viewing angle, and so on.
  • two discontinuous first-order side lobe viewing angles of the pixel island S passing through the adjacent light splitting structures L can be complementary to one continuous first-order side lobe viewing angle.
  • the size of the first light splitting structure L1 and the second light splitting structure L2 is equal to 1/2 of the size of the pixel island S, so the main lobe viewing angle boundary and the side lobe viewing angle boundary must be parallel, and the spacing is equal to the pixel island S size, as shown in Figure 6 . Since the human eye cannot distinguish the distance between the main lobe viewing angle boundary and the side lobe viewing angle boundary, it is observed that the main lobe viewing angle and the side lobe viewing angle are also continuous.
  • the first-order sidelobe viewing angle and the second-order sidelobe viewing angle are also continuous
  • the second-order sidelobe viewing angle and the third-order sidelobe viewing angle are also continuous, and so on.
  • a continuous viewing angle is obtained, and theoretically, the viewing angle of the pixel island S can reach 180°.
  • each light splitting structure L is configured such that the light emitted by all the sub-pixels covered by it forms a main lobe viewing angle, and the adjacent light splitting structure L is configured to have a main lobe viewing angle.
  • the light emitted by all sub-pixels covered forms a side lobe viewing angle; wherein, the shortest distance between the boundary of the main lobe viewing angle and the boundary of the side lobe viewing angle is equal to the width of the light splitting structure L in the row direction X, and any adjacent two-level side lobes.
  • the shortest distance between the boundaries of the viewing angles is equal to the width of the light splitting structure L in the row direction X.
  • the same resolution as 2D display can be maintained in 3D display mode, combined with eye-tracking.
  • a multi-view display with a large viewing angle can be realized.
  • the above solution can achieve 3D display with higher pixel density (ppi), a larger amount of information, and lower color crosstalk between adjacent viewpoints.
  • the relative positions of all the sub-pixels in one pixel island S and the corresponding light-splitting structure L are continuously arranged in the row direction X, So that the light emitted by each sub-pixel in one pixel island S after passing through the corresponding light splitting structure L is spatially continuous.
  • the width of the light-splitting structure L is equal to 1/m of the width of the corresponding pixel island S, where m is the light-splitting structure in one light-splitting repeating unit 201 .
  • the total number of L For example, in FIG. 4 , a light splitting repeating unit 201 has two light splitting structures L, namely a first light splitting structure L1 and a second light splitting structure L2, and the widths of the first light splitting structure L1 and the second light splitting structure L2 are equal to the pixel islands 1/2 of the S width; in FIG.
  • a light splitting repeating unit 201 has three light splitting structures L, which are the first light splitting structure L1, the second light splitting structure L2 and the third light splitting structure L3, and the first light splitting structure L1
  • the widths of the second light splitting structure L2 and the third light splitting structure L3 are equal to 1/3 of the width of the pixel island S. In this way, the sub-pixels below each light-splitting repeating unit 201 can be arranged in a complementary arrangement relative to the position of the corresponding light-splitting structure L.
  • the pixel island S may include m*N+k sub-pixels; wherein, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and k There is no common divisor other than 1 with m; in the row direction X, the ratio of the width a of a sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is greater than or equal to 0.95/(m-1) and less than or equal to 1.05/ (m-1), in some embodiments, a/b is equal to 1/(m-1), therefore, the greater the number m of light splitting structures L covered on each pixel island S, the greater the The bigger the gap.
  • This arrangement can not only make the sub-pixels under each light-splitting repeating unit 201 to be offset and complementary with respect to the corresponding light-splitting structure L, but also avoid moiré defects caused by excessively wide sub-pixels.
  • the pixel island S includes nine sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1. : 1 (that is, the proportion of the opening width of the sub-pixels is 50%), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, one light-splitting structure L (for example, the first light-splitting structure L1) corresponds to covering 5 sub-pixels, and another light-splitting structure L (for example, the first light splitting structure L) corresponds to covering 5 sub-pixels.
  • the two-splitting structure L2) corresponds to covering 4 sub-pixels.
  • each pixel island S includes eight sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1:2 (that is, the opening width of the sub-pixels accounts for 1/3), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the first sub-pixel 1, the fourth sub-pixel 4 and the seventh sub-pixel Sub-pixel 7), the second light splitting structure L2 corresponds to covering three sub-pixels (respectively the second sub-pixel 2, the fifth sub-pixel 5 and the eighth sub-pixel 8), and the third light-splitting structure L3 corresponds to two sub-pixels (respectively The third subpixel 3 and the sixth subpixel 6).
  • the first light-splitting structure L1 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the first sub-pixel 1, the fourth sub-pixel 4 and the seventh sub-pixel Sub-pixel 7)
  • the second light splitting structure L2 corresponds to covering three sub-pixels (
  • each pixel island S includes ten sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1:2 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixels is 1/3), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 covers four sub-pixels (respectively, the first sub-pixel 1, the fourth sub-pixel 4, the seventh sub-pixel sub-pixel 7 and tenth sub-pixel 10), the second light-splitting structure L2 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the third sub-pixel 3, the sixth sub-pixel 6 and the ninth sub-pixel 9), and the third light-splitting structure L3 covers correspondingly Three sub-pixels (respectively the second sub-pixel 2, the fifth sub-pixel 5 and the eighth sub-pixel 8).
  • each pixel island S includes eleven sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1 : 2 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixel is 1/3), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 corresponds to covering four sub-pixels (respectively the first sub-pixel 1, the fourth sub-pixel 4, The seventh sub-pixel 7 and the tenth sub-pixel 10), the second light splitting structure L2 covers four sub-pixels (respectively, the second sub-pixel 2, the fifth sub-pixel 5, the eighth sub-pixel 8 and the eleventh sub-pixel 11). ), the third light splitting structure L3 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the third sub-pixel 3, the sixth sub-pixel 6 and the ninth sub-pixel 9).
  • each pixel island S includes nine sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1:3 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixels is 1/4), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the first sub-pixel 1, the fifth sub-pixel 5 and the ninth sub-pixel sub-pixel 9), the second light splitting structure L2 covers two sub-pixels (respectively the fourth sub-pixel 4 and the eighth sub-pixel 8), and the third light-splitting structure L3 covers two sub-pixels (respectively the third sub-pixel 3 and the eighth sub-pixel 8)
  • the seventh sub-pixel 7), the fourth light splitting structure L4 covers two sub-pixels (respectively, the second sub-pixel 2 and the sixth sub-pixel 6).
  • each pixel island S includes eleven sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1 : 3 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixel is 1/4), in a light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 corresponds to covering three sub-pixels (respectively the first sub-pixel 1, the fifth sub-pixel 5 and The ninth subpixel 9), the second light splitting structure L2 corresponds to covering three subpixels (respectively the second subpixel 2, the sixth subpixel 6 and the tenth subpixel 10), and the third light splitting structure L3 corresponds to three subpixels ( are the third sub-pixel 3, the seventh sub-pixel 7 and the eleventh sub-pixel 11), and the fourth light splitting structure L4 covers two sub-pixels (respectively, the fourth sub-pixel 4 and the eighth sub-pixel 8).
  • each pixel island S includes eleven sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1 : 4 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixel is 1/5), in a light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 corresponds to covering three sub-pixels (respectively the first sub-pixel 1, the sixth sub-pixel 6 and The eleventh sub-pixel 11), the second light splitting structure L2 correspondingly covers two sub-pixels (respectively the fifth sub-pixel 5 and the tenth sub-pixel 10), and the third light-splitting structure L3 correspondingly covers two sub-pixels (respectively the fourth sub-pixel pixel 4, ninth sub-pixel 9), the fourth light splitting structure L4 covers two sub-pixels (respectively the third sub-pixel 3 and the eighth sub-pixel 8), and the fifth light-splitting structure L5 covers
  • each pixel island S includes twelve sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1: 4 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixels is 1/5), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 corresponds to covering three sub-pixels (respectively the first sub-pixel 1, the sixth sub-pixel 6 and the first sub-pixel 6).
  • the second light-splitting structure L2 covers two sub-pixels (respectively the fourth sub-pixel 4 and the ninth sub-pixel 9), and the third light-splitting structure L3 covers three sub-pixels (respectively the second sub-pixels) 2.
  • the fourth light-splitting structure L4 covers two sub-pixels (respectively, the fifth sub-pixel 5 and the tenth sub-pixel 10)
  • the fifth light-splitting structure L5 covers two corresponding sub-pixels. sub-pixels (respectively the third sub-pixel 3 and the eighth sub-pixel 8).
  • each pixel island S includes thirteen sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1: 4 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixels is 1/5), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 corresponds to covering three sub-pixels (respectively the first sub-pixel 1, the sixth sub-pixel 6 and the first sub-pixel 6).
  • the second light-splitting structure L2 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the third sub-pixel 3, the eighth sub-pixel 8 and the thirteenth sub-pixel 13), and the third light-splitting structure L3 corresponds to two sub-pixels (respectively the fifth sub-pixel 5 and the tenth sub-pixel 10), the fourth light splitting structure L4 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the second sub-pixel 2, the seventh sub-pixel 7 and the twelfth sub-pixel 12), the third The five-splitting structure L5 correspondingly covers two sub-pixels (the fourth sub-pixel 4 and the ninth sub-pixel 9 respectively).
  • each pixel island S includes fourteen sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1: 4 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixels is 1/5), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 corresponds to covering three sub-pixels (respectively the first sub-pixel 1, the sixth sub-pixel 6 and the first sub-pixel 6).
  • the second light splitting structure L2 covers three subpixels (respectively, the second subpixel 2, the seventh subpixel 7 and the twelfth subpixel 12), and the third light splitting structure L3 corresponds to three subpixels (respectively the third sub-pixel 3, the eighth sub-pixel 8 and the thirteenth sub-pixel 13), the fourth light splitting structure L4 covers three sub-pixels (respectively the fourth sub-pixel 4, the ninth sub-pixel 9 and the tenth sub-pixel 13) Four sub-pixels 14), and the fifth light splitting structure L5 covers two sub-pixels (respectively, the fifth sub-image 5 and the tenth sub-pixel 10).
  • each pixel island S includes thirteen sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1: 5 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixels is 1/6), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the first sub-pixel 1, the seventh sub-pixel 7 and the third sub-pixel 7).
  • the second light splitting structure L2 correspondingly covers two sub-pixels (respectively the sixth sub-pixel 6 and the twelfth sub-pixel 12), and the third light-splitting structure L3 correspondingly covers two sub-pixels (respectively the fifth sub-pixels 12).
  • the fourth light splitting structure L4 corresponds to covering two sub-pixels (respectively, the fourth sub-pixel 4 and the tenth sub-pixel 10)
  • the fifth light-splitting structure L5 corresponds to two sub-pixels (respectively: The third sub-pixel 3 and the ninth sub-pixel 9)
  • the sixth light splitting structure L6 correspondingly covers two sub-pixels (respectively, the second sub-pixel 2 and the eighth sub-pixel 8).
  • each pixel island S includes seventeen sub-pixels, and the ratio of the width a of each sub-pixel to the gap width b of two adjacent sub-pixels is 1: 5 (that is, the ratio of the opening width of the sub-pixels is 1/6), in one light-splitting repeating unit 201, the first light-splitting structure L1 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the first sub-pixel 1, the seventh sub-pixel 7 and the third sub-pixel 7).
  • the second light-splitting structure L2 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the second sub-pixel 2, the eighth sub-pixel 8 and the fourteenth sub-pixel 14), and the third light-splitting structure L3 corresponds to three sub-pixels (respectively the third sub-pixel 3, the ninth sub-pixel 9 and the fifteenth sub-pixel 15), the fourth light splitting structure L4 covers three sub-pixels (respectively the fourth sub-pixel 4, the tenth sub-pixel 10 and the tenth sub-pixel 15)
  • the fifth light-splitting structure L5 covers three sub-pixels (respectively, the fifth sub-pixel 5, the eleventh sub-pixel 11 and the seventeenth sub-pixel 17), and the sixth light-splitting structure L6 corresponds to two sub-pixels (The sixth subpixel 6 and the twelfth subpixel 12, respectively).
  • the numbers 1-17 of the above-mentioned sub-pixels respectively represent the relative positions of the sub-pixel and the light-splitting structure L directly above the sub-pixel. It can be seen from FIG. 4, FIG. 7 to FIG. The relative positions of the k sub-pixels and the light splitting structure L directly above them can all be arranged complementary.
  • the vertical distance T between the pixel island S and the light splitting structure L satisfies the following formula:
  • w is the width of a light splitting structure L in the row direction X
  • ⁇ is the angle of a viewpoint formed by the light emitted by a sub-pixel passing through the corresponding light splitting structure L.
  • the placement height of the light-splitting structure L is 2T, and the angle of each viewpoint is ⁇ .
  • the opening of the sub-pixel is At 50%, in order to obtain the same viewpoint density, according to the above formula, it can be concluded that the placement height of the light splitting structure L needs to be changed to T in the present disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure can reduce the thickness of the display device.
  • one pixel island S corresponds to three or more (for example, m) light-splitting structures L
  • the placement height of the light-splitting structures L relative to the sub-pixels can be changed to 1/m of the original height, thereby further reducing the display size.
  • the thickness of the device Also, in T satisfying the formula When the light splitting structure L is placed too high or too low, it can also effectively avoid poor crosstalk.
  • the interval angle between two adjacent viewpoints is ⁇ , so that it can be ensured that each pixel in the same pixel island S is ⁇ .
  • the relative positions of the sub-pixels and the corresponding light-splitting structures L are closely complementary.
  • the light splitting structure L may be a cylindrical lens, and the focal length of the cylindrical lens is equal to the vertical distance T between the pixel island S and the light splitting structure L, so that the pixel island S is located at the focal point of the cylindrical lens.
  • the focal length of the cylindrical lens is equal to the vertical distance T between the pixel island S and the light splitting structure L, so that the pixel island S is located at the focal point of the cylindrical lens.
  • the light-splitting structure L can also be a barrier grating or a liquid crystal grating.
  • the light-splitting structure L can also use other types of gratings, or the light-splitting structure L can also be other optical devices capable of splitting light. There is no limitation here.
  • a certain thickness may be attached between the display panel 101 and the light splitting structure L.
  • the spacer dielectric layer 103 makes the distance between the pixel island S and the cylindrical lens equal to the focal length of the cylindrical lens.
  • the spacer dielectric layer 103 can be prepared by using a material with a larger refractive index and better light transmittance, such as optically transparent glass.
  • every three pixel islands S continuously arranged in the column direction Y is a pixel repeating unit P;
  • the display colors of the sub-pixels are the same, and the display colors of the sub-pixels of different pixel islands S are different.
  • every three pixel islands S arranged in series may include a red sub-pixel r, a green sub-pixel g, and a blue sub-pixel b in sequence.
  • the number of red sub-pixels r, green sub-pixels g and blue sub-pixels b is the same; red sub-pixels r are arranged in a row along the first direction X, green sub-pixels g are arranged in a row along the first direction X, and blue sub-pixels are arranged in a row along the first direction X.
  • the pixels b are arranged in a row along the first direction X; the red sub-pixel rows, the green sub-pixel rows and the blue sub-pixel rows are arranged along the second direction Y, so that the sub-pixels in the pixel island S are arranged in an array.
  • the display panel 101 may be an organic light emitting diode display panel, a quantum dot light emitting diode display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, a liquid crystal display panel, etc. limited.
  • the above-mentioned display device may be any product with a display function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, a smart watch, a fitness wristband, a personal digital assistant, etc. or parts.
  • a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, a smart watch, a fitness wristband, a personal digital assistant, etc. or parts.
  • Other essential components of the display device should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, and will not be described in detail here, nor should it be regarded as a limitation of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a driving method for any of the above-mentioned display devices. Since the principle of solving problems of the driving method is similar to that of the above-mentioned display device, the implementation of the driving method can refer to the implementation of the above-mentioned display device. , and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • a method for driving the above-mentioned display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the following steps:
  • step S2001 and step S2002 is not limited to the above manner, that is, in the specific implementation, step S2002 may be executed first, and then step S2001 may be executed.
  • the above-mentioned display device and its driving method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include a display panel, and the display panel includes: a plurality of pixel islands arranged at intervals along the row direction and the column direction; A plurality of sub-pixels arranged at intervals in the direction; the light splitting component is arranged on the display side of the display panel; the light splitting component includes a plurality of light splitting structures extending in the column direction and continuously arranged in the row direction; in the row direction, each adjacent at least two light splitting structures
  • the structure is a light-splitting repeating unit; each light-splitting repeating unit covers a row of pixel islands correspondingly, and the relative positions of the sub-pixels in a pixel island and the corresponding light-splitting structure are complementary.
  • each pixel island is covered with multiple light-splitting structures and the sub-pixels of the pixel island are dislocated and complementary, the problem of "black area” moiré patterns in space when the sub-pixels emit light discontinuously is effectively solved, and a continuous Large 3D viewing angle, and at the same time, the placement height of the light splitting structure can be reduced, making the display device lighter and thinner.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种显示装置及其驱动方法，包括显示面板，显示面板包括：沿行方向和列方向间隔排列的多个像素岛；每个像素岛具有沿行方向间隔排列的多个子像素；分光组件，设置于显示面板的显示侧；分光组件包括沿列方向延伸并沿行方向连续排列的多个分光结构；在行方向上，每相邻的至少两个分光结构为一个分光重复单元；每一个分光重复单元对应覆盖一列像素岛，且在一个像素岛内各子像素与对应分光结构的相对位置互补。

Description

显示装置及其驱动方法 技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示装置及其驱动方法。
背景技术
随着显示技术的不断发展，三维(three dimensional，3D)显示技术越来越备受关注。三维显示技术可以使显示画面变得立体逼真。其原理在于：利用人的左右眼分别接收具有一定视差的左眼图像和右眼图像，当两幅视差图像分别被人的左右眼接收后，经过大脑对图像信息进行叠加融合，可以构建出3D的视觉显示效果。
发明内容
一方面，本公开实施例提供了一种显示装置，包括：
显示面板，所述显示面板包括：沿行方向和列方向间隔排列的多个像素岛；每个所述像素岛具有沿所述行方向间隔排列的多个子像素；
分光组件，设置于所述显示面板的显示侧；所述分光组件包括沿所述列方向延伸并沿所述行方向连续排列的多个分光结构；在所述行方向上，每相邻的至少两个所述分光结构为一个分光重复单元；每一个所述分光重复单元对应覆盖一列所述像素岛，且在一个所述像素岛内各所述子像素与对应所述分光结构的相对位置互补。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，一个所述像素岛中全部所述子像素与对应所述分光结构的相对位置，在所述行方向上连续排列。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，在所述水平方向上，所述分光结构的宽度等于对应所述像素岛宽度的1/m，其中，m为一个所述分光重复单元中所述分光结构的总数。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，所述像素岛包括m*N+k 个所述子像素；其中，N为大于或等于2的整数，k为大于或等于1的整数且k与m不存在除了1以外的公约数；
在所述行方向上，所述子像素的宽度与相邻两个所述子像素的间隙宽度之比大于或等于0.95/(m-1)且小于或等于1.05/(m-1)。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，在垂直所述显示面板的方向上，所述像素岛与所述分光结构的垂直距离T满足以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2021073653-appb-000001
其中，w为一个所述分光结构在所述行方向上的宽度，△θ为一个所述子像素发出的光线通过对应的所述分光结构后所形成一个视点的角度。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，相邻两个所述视点的间隔角度为△θ。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，所述分光结构为柱透镜，所述柱透镜的焦距等于T。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，还包括：位于所述显示面板与所述分光结构之间的隔垫介质层。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，m为2，N为4，k为1；或者，m为3，N为2，k为2；或者，m为3，N为3，k为1；或者，m为3，N为3，k为2；或者，m为4，N为2，k为1；或者，m为4，N为2，k为3；或者，m为5，N为2，k为1；或者，m为5，N为2，k为2；或者，m为5，N为2，k为3；或者，m为5，N为2，k为4；或者，m为6，N为2，k为1；或者，m为6，N为2，k为5。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，每个所述分光结构配置为，使其所覆盖的全部所述子像素发出的光线形成主瓣视角，并使其相邻所述分光结构所覆盖的全部所述子像素发出的光线形成旁瓣视角；其中，
所述主瓣视角的边界与所述旁瓣视角的边界之间的最短距离等于所述分光结构在所述行方向上的宽度、任意相邻两级所述旁瓣视角的边界之间的最 短距离等于所述分光结构在所述行方向上的宽度。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，在所述列方向上连续排列的每三个所述像素岛为一个像素重复单元；
在一个所述像素重复单元内，同一所述像素岛的所述子像素的显示颜色相同，不同所述像素岛的所述子像素的显示颜色不同。
另一方面，本公开实施例提供了一种上述显示装置的驱动方法，包括：
在二维显示模式下，根据要显示的图像信息，确定对应于各像素岛的第一图像驱动信号；并向所述像素岛中的全部子像素加载对应的所述第一图像驱动信号，以形成二维图像；
在三维显示模式下，根据要显示的图像信息，确定对应于各视点的第二图像驱动信号；并向不同的所述像素岛中处于相同位置处的所述子像素施加对应于同一视点的所述第二图像驱动信号，以形成具有多个视点的三维图像。
附图说明
图1为相关技术中显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为相关技术中像素岛发出的光线经分光结构后的光路示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的显示装置的结构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的一种互补排位图；
图5为图4所示像素岛的主瓣视角连续出光示意图；
图6为图4所示像素岛的主瓣视角、旁瓣视角连续出光示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图10为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图11为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图12为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图13为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图14为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图15为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图16为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图17为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛中子像素与对应分光结构相对位置的又一种互补排位图；
图18为本公开实施例提供的显示装置的厚度减薄示意图；
图19为本公开实施例提供的一个像素岛所在区域的结构示意图；
图20为本公开实施例提供的显示装置的驱动方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。需要注意的是，附图中各图形的尺寸和形状不反映真实比例，目的只是示意说明本公开内容。并且自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开实施例，本领域普通技术人员在 无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
图1所示为相关技术中的一种显示装置，该显示装置包括多个像素岛S每个像素岛S内可划分为若干个子像素，每个子像素都能够单独控制，子像素之间没有间隙(space)。并且如图2所示，整个像素岛S的主瓣视角与旁瓣视角密接，能够实现连续发光。
但由于工艺能力的限制，像素岛S内子像素之间并不是连续排列的，即像素岛S内子像素之间存在间隙，因此像素岛S暂不能做到连续发光，导致可视角度不连续，在间隙投影到空间的对应位置会看到“黑区”，影响观看效果。
针对相关技术中存在的上述技术问题，本公开实施例提供了一种显示装置，如图3所示，包括：
显示面板101，该显示面板101包括：沿行方向X和列方向Y间隔排列的多个像素岛S；每个像素岛S具有沿行方向X间隔排列的多个子像素；
分光组件102，设置于显示面板101的显示侧；分光组件102包括沿列方向Y延伸并沿行方向X连续排列的多个分光结构L；在行方向X上，每相邻的至少两个分光结构L为一个分光重复单元1021；每一个分光重复单元1021对应覆盖一列像素岛S，且在一个像素岛S内各子像素与对应分光结构L的相对位置互补。
在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，由于每个像素岛S上覆盖多个分光结构L，各子像素与其上方分光结构L的相对位置刚好形成错位互补的排布方式；并且分光结构L的尺寸(Pitch)较小，对于人眼来说无法分辨光线具体是从哪个分光结构L出射的，因此人眼看起来该像素岛S经其上方的多个分光结构L分光后的出射光线在空间是连续的，人眼在空间移动时不会看到“黑区”。
为更好地理解本方案，以下将以图4为例，具体说明像素岛S经其上方的多个分光结构L分光后的出射光线在空间是连续的。
首先说明主瓣视角的连续性。主瓣视角指子像素发出的光经过其正上方的分光结构L分光后在空间形成的视角。
由图4可见，一个像素岛S包括九个子像素，分别标记为第一子像素1、第二子像素2、第三子像素3、第四子像素4、第五子像素5、第六子像素6、第七子像素7、第八子像素8和第九子像素9；与该像素岛S对应的一个分光重复单元1021包括两个分光结构L，分别标记为第一分光结构L1和第二分光结构L2；其中，第一分光结构L1覆盖第一子像素1、第三子像素3、第五子像素5、第七子像素7和第九子像素9，第二分光结构L2覆盖第二子像素2、第四子像素4、第六子像素6和第八子像素8。由图4可以看出，第一子像素1、第三子像素3、第五子像素5、第七子像素7和第九子像素9与第一分光结构L1的相对位置，恰好位于第二子像素2、第四子像素4、第六子像素6和第八子像素8与第二分光结构L2的相对位置的间隙处，形成了错位互补的排列方式。
每个第一子像素1、第三子像素3、第五子像素5、第七子像素7和第九子像素9发出的光线经其正上方的第一分光结构L1分光后的出光分布，以及第二子像素2、第四子像素4、第六子像素6和第八子像素8发出的光线经其正上方的第二分光结构L2分光后的出光分布，如图5所示。由于第一子像素1至第九子像素9之间有间隙，因此相邻子像素发出的光线经过同一个分光结构L后在空间的出光角度是不连续的，但由于同一个像素岛S内各子像素与 两个分光结构L的相对位置是错位互补的关系，因此两个分光结构L的出光角度也是错位互补的。由于分光结构L的尺寸很小，对于人眼来说无法分辨光线具体出射自哪个分光结构L，因此人眼看起来每个像素岛S经其上方的多个分光结构L分光后的出射光线在空间是连续的，人眼在空间移动时不会看到“黑区”。
再说明主瓣视角与旁瓣视角的连续性。旁瓣视角是指子像素发出的光线经过其正上方分光结构L旁边的分光结构L在空间形成的视角，比如经过与正上方分光结构L(例如第一分光结构L1)相邻的第一个分光结构L(例如第二分光结构L2)为一级旁瓣视角，经过与正上方分光结构L相邻的第二个分光结构L为二级旁瓣视角，等等。与上述主瓣视角连续性相同，像素岛S经过相邻分光结构L的两个不连续的一级旁瓣视角可互补为一个连续的一级旁瓣视角。而第一分光结构L1和第二分光结构L2的尺寸等于像素岛S尺寸的1/2，因此主瓣视角边界与旁瓣视角边界必定平行，且间距等于像素岛S尺寸，如图6所示。由于人眼不能分辨主瓣视角边界与旁瓣视角边界之间的间距，所以观察到主瓣视角与旁瓣视角也是连续的。同样的道理，一级旁瓣视角与二级旁瓣视角也是连续的，二级旁瓣视角与三级旁瓣视角也是连续的，等等。这样，就得到了连续的可视角度，理论上像素岛S的可视角度能达到180°。
由上述描述可知，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，每个分光结构L配置为，使其所覆盖的全部子像素发出的光线形成主瓣视角，并使其相邻分光结构L所覆盖的全部子像素发出的光线形成旁瓣视角；其中，主瓣视角的边界与旁瓣视角的边界之间的最短距离等于分光结构L在行方向X上的宽度、任意相邻两级旁瓣视角的边界之间的最短距离等于分光结构L在行方向X上的宽度。
另外，由于是在像素岛S(可作为2D显示的一个亚像素)内进行的子像素细分，在3D显示模式下可以保持与2D显示同样的分辨率，结合人眼追踪(eye-tracking)能够实现大视角的多视点(view)显示。并且与相关技术中 其他以亚像素为单位进行3D显示的方案相比，采用上述方案能够实现更高像素密度(ppi)的3D显示，信息量更大，相邻视点间的颜色串扰更低。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，如图4和图7所示，一个像素岛S中全部子像素与对应分光结构L的相对位置，在行方向X上连续排列，使得一个像素岛S中各子像素发出的光线经对应分光结构L后的出射光线在空间上是连续的。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，在水平方向X上，分光结构L的宽度等于对应像素岛S宽度的1/m，其中，m为一个分光重复单元201中分光结构L的总数。例如，在图4中，一个分光重复单元201具有两个分光结构L，分别为第一分光结构L1和第二分光结构L2，并且第一分光结构L1和第二分光结构L2的宽度等于像素岛S宽度的1/2；在图7中，一个分光重复单元201具有三个分光结构L，分别为第一分光结构L1、第二分光结构L2和第三分光结构L3，并且第一分光结构L1、第二分光结构L2和第三分光结构L3的宽度等于像素岛S宽度的1/3。这样设置，可以使得每个分光重复单元201下方的子像素，相对于对应分光结构L的位置错位互补排列。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，像素岛S可以包括m*N+k个子像素；其中，N为大于或等于2的整数，k为大于或等于1的整数且k与m不存在除了1以外的公约数；在行方向X上，子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比大于或等于0.95/(m-1)且小于或等于1.05/(m-1)，在一些实施例中，a/b等于1/(m-1)，因此，每个像素岛S上所覆盖的分光结构L的数量m越大，相邻两个子像素的间隙越大。这样设置，不仅可以使得每个分光重复单元201下方的子像素，相对于对应分光结构L的位置错位互补排列，还可以避免子像素的宽度过大导致的摩尔纹不良。
示例性地，如图4所示，m为2，N为4，k为1，像素岛S包括九个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:1(即子像素的开口宽度占比为50％)，在一个分光重复单元201内，一个分光结构L(例如第一分光结构L1)对应覆盖5个子像素，另一个分光结构L(例如第 二分光结构L2)对应覆盖4个子像素。
如图7所示，m为3，N为2，k为2，每个像素岛S包括八个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:2(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/3)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第四子像素4和第七子像素7)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第二子像素2、第五子像素5和第八子像素8)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖二个子像素(分别为第三子像素3和第六子像素6)。
如图8所示，m为3，N为3，k为1；每个像素岛S包括十个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:2(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/3)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖四个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第四子像素4、第七子像素7和第十子像素10)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第三子像素3、第六子像素6和第九子像素9)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第二子像素2、第五子像素5和第八子像素8)。
如图9所示，m为3，N为3，k为2；每个像素岛S包括十一个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:2(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/3)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖四个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第四子像素4、第七子像素7和第十子像素10)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖四个子像素(分别为第二子像素2、第五子像素5、第八子像素8和第十一子像素11)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第三子像素3、第六子像素6和第九子像素9)。
如图10所示，m为4，N为2，k为1；每个像素岛S包括九个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:3(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/4)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第五子像素5和第九子像素9)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第四子像素4和第八子像素8)，第 三分光结构L3对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第三子像素3和第七子像素7)，第四分光结构L4对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第二子像素2和第六子像素6)。
如图11所示，m为4，N为2，k为3；每个像素岛S包括十一个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:3(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/4)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第五子像素5和第九子像素9)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第二子像素2、第六子像素6和第十子像素10)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第三子像素3、第七子像素7和第十一子像素11)，第四分光结构L4对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第四子像素4和第八子像素8)。
如图12所示，m为5，N为2，k为1；每个像素岛S包括十一个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:4(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/5)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第六子像素6和第十一子像素11)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第五子像素5和第十子像素10)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第四子像素4、第九子像素9)，第四分光结构L4对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第三子像素3和第八子像素8)，第五分光结构L5对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第二子像素4和第七子像素7)。
如图13所示，m为5，N为2，k为2；每个像素岛S包括十二个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:4(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/5)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第六子像素6和第十一子像素11)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第四子像素4和第九子像素9)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第二子像素2、第七子像素7和第十二子像素12)，第四分光结构L4对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第五子像素5和第十子像素10)，第五分光结构L5对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第三子像素3和第八子像素8)。
如图14所示，m为5，N为2，k为3；每个像素岛S包括十三个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:4(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/5)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第六子像素6和第十一子像素11)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第三子像素3、第八子像素8和第十三子像素13)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第五子像素5和第十子像素10)，第四分光结构L4对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第二子像素2、第七子像素7和第十二子像素12)，第五分光结构L5对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第四子像素4和第九子像素9)。
如图15所示，m为5，N为2，k为4；每个像素岛S包括十四个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:4(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/5)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第六子像素6和第十一子像素11)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第二子像素2、第七子像素7和第十二子像素12)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第三子像素3、第八子像素8和第十三子像素13)，第四分光结构L4对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第四子像素4、第九子像素9和第十四子像素14)，第五分光结构L5对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第五子像5和第十子像素10)。
如图16所示，m为6，N为2，k为1；每个像素岛S包括十三个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:5(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/6)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第七子像素7和第十三子像素13)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第六子像素6和第十二子像素12)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第五子像素5和第十一子像素11)，第四分光结构L4对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第四子像素4和第十子像素10)，第五分光结构L5对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第三子像素3和第九子像素9)，第六分光结构L6对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第二子像素2 和第八子像素8)。
如图17所示，m为6，N为2，k为5；每个像素岛S包括十七个子像素，每个子像素的宽度a与相邻两个子像素的间隙宽度b之比为1:5(即子像素的开口宽度占比为1/6)，在一个分光重复单元201内，第一分光结构L1对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第一子像素1、第七子像素7和第十三子像素13)，第二分光结构L2对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第二子像素2、第八子像素8和第十四子像素14)，第三分光结构L3对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第三子像素3、第九子像素9和第十五子像素15)，第四分光结构L4对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第四子像素4、第十子像素10和第十六子像素16)，第五分光结构L5对应覆盖三个子像素(分别为第五子像素5、第十一子像素11和第十七子像素17)，第六分光结构L6对应覆盖两个子像素(分别为第六子像素6和第十二子像素12)。
在本公开中，上述子像素的编号1-17分别代表该子像素与其正上方分光结构L的相对位置，由图4、图7至图17可见，每个像素岛S中的m*N+k个子像素与其正上方分光结构L的相对位置均可以实现互补排列。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，如图18所示，在垂直显示面板101的方向上，像素岛S与分光结构L的垂直距离T满足以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2021073653-appb-000002
其中，w为一个分光结构L在行方向X上的宽度，△θ为一个子像素发出的光线通过对应的分光结构L后所形成一个视点的角度。在一些实施例中，
Figure PCTCN2021073653-appb-000003
如图18所示，当子像素连续排列时，设分光结构L的放置高度为2T，每个视点的角度为Δθ，当每个像素岛S上覆盖2个分光结构L、子像素的开口为50％时，为了得到相同的视点密度，根据上述公式可以得出，在本公开中分光结构L的放置高度需变为T。因此，本公开实施例可减薄显示装置的 厚度。同理，当一个像素岛S对应三个甚至更多个(例如m个)分光结构L时，分光结构L相对于子像素的放置高度可以变为原来高度的1/m，从而进一步减小显示装置的厚度。另外，在T满足公式
Figure PCTCN2021073653-appb-000004
时，还可以有效避免分光结构L放置过高或过低造成的串扰不良。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，如图18所示，根据三角关系可知，相邻两个视点的间隔角度为△θ，这样就可以保证同一个像素岛S内各子像素与对应分光结构L的相对位置密接互补。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，分光结构L可以为柱透镜，柱透镜的焦距等于像素岛S与分光结构L的垂直距离T，使得像素岛S位于柱透镜的焦平面上，则由于多个子像素的发光在人眼观察空间上是连续发光，致使可连续形成多个3D视点，观察者的左右眼分别接收一个视点的视图，通过子像素的灰阶调节，使得各个视点的灰阶不同，双眼会存在时差，形成3D效果。且由于形成了多个3D视点，随着人眼移动，视点实现切换，能够实现多视点的3D显示功能。
在一些实施例中，上述分光结构L还可以为障壁光栅或液晶光栅，当然，分光结构L也可以采用其他类型的光栅，或者，分光结构L也可以为其他能够起到分光作用的光学器件，此处不做限定。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，为了保证像素岛S位于柱透镜的焦平面上，如图19所示，可以在显示面板101与分光结构L之间贴合一定厚度的隔垫介质层103，使像素岛S和柱透镜的距离等于柱透镜的焦距。隔垫介质层103可以选用光学透明玻璃等折射率较大、透光性较好的材料制备。
可选地，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，在列方向Y上连续排列的每三个像素岛S为一个像素重复单元P；在一个像素重复单元P内，同一像素岛S的子像素的显示颜色相同，不同像素岛S的子像素的显示颜色不 同。
在一些实施例中，连续排列的每三个像素岛S可以依次包括红色子像素r、绿色子像素g和蓝色子像素b。其中，红色子像素r、绿色子像素g和蓝色子像素b的数量相同；红色子像素r沿第一方向X排列成一行，绿色子像素g沿第一方向X排列成一行，蓝色子像素b沿第一方向X排列成一行；红色子像素行、绿色子像素行和蓝色子像素行沿第二方向Y排列，从而使像素岛S中的子像素呈阵列排布。
在一些实施例中，本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置中，显示面板101可以是有机发光二极管显示面板、量子点发光二极管显示面板、微发光二极管显示面板、液晶显示面板等，此处不做限定。
另外，本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪、智能手表、健身腕带、个人数字助理等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。对于显示装置的其它必不可少的组成部分均为本领域的普通技术人员应该理解具有的，在此不做赘述，也不应作为对本公开的限制。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例还提供了一种上述任一显示装置的驱动方法，由于该驱动方法解决问题的原理与上述显示装置相似，因此该驱动方法的实施可以参见上述显示装置的实施，重复之处不再赘述。
具体地，本公开实施例提供的一种上述显示装置的驱动方法，如图20所示，可以包括以下步骤：
S2001、在二维显示模式下，根据要显示的图像信息，确定对应于各像素岛的第一图像驱动信号；并向像素岛中的全部子像素加载对应的第一图像驱动信号，以形成二维图像；
S2002、在三维显示模式下，根据要显示的图像信息，确定对应于各视点的第二图像驱动信号；并向不同的像素岛中处于相同位置处的子像素施加对应于同一视点的第二图像驱动信号，以形成具有多个视点的三维图像。
需要说明的是，在本公开实施例提供的上述驱动方法中，步骤S2001与 步骤S2002的执行顺序不限于上述方式，即在具体实施时，也可以先执行步骤S2002，再执行步骤S2001。
由上述描述可知，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示装置及其驱动方法中，包括显示面板，显示面板包括：沿行方向和列方向间隔排列的多个像素岛；每个像素岛具有沿行方向间隔排列的多个子像素；分光组件，设置于显示面板的显示侧；分光组件包括沿列方向延伸并沿行方向连续排列的多个分光结构；在行方向上，每相邻的至少两个分光结构为一个分光重复单元；每一个分光重复单元对应覆盖一列像素岛，且在一个像素岛内各子像素与对应分光结构的相对位置互补。通过提出每个像素岛上覆盖多个分光结构、像素岛的子像素错位互补的排布方式，有效解决了子像素不连续发光时在空间出现“黑区”摩尔纹的问题，得到了连续的大3D视角，同时可以降低分光结构的放置高度，使显示装置更加轻薄化。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种显示装置，其中，包括：
    显示面板，所述显示面板包括：沿行方向和列方向间隔排列的多个像素岛；每个所述像素岛具有沿所述行方向间隔排列的多个子像素；
    分光组件，设置于所述显示面板的显示侧；所述分光组件包括沿所述列方向延伸并沿所述行方向连续排列的多个分光结构；在所述行方向上，每相邻的至少两个所述分光结构为一个分光重复单元；每一个所述分光重复单元对应覆盖一列所述像素岛，且在一个所述像素岛内各所述子像素与对应所述分光结构的相对位置互补。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，一个所述像素岛中全部所述子像素与对应所述分光结构的相对位置，在所述行方向上连续排列。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，在所述水平方向上，所述分光结构的宽度等于对应所述像素岛宽度的1/m，其中，m为一个所述分光重复单元中所述分光结构的总数。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的显示装置，其中，所述像素岛包括m*N+k个所述子像素；其中，N为大于或等于2的整数，k为大于或等于1的整数且k与m不存在除了1以外的公约数；
    在所述行方向上，所述子像素的宽度与相邻两个所述子像素的间隙宽度之比为大于或等于0.95/(m-1)且小于或等于1.05/(m-1)。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的显示装置，其中，在垂直所述显示面板的方向上，所述像素岛与所述分光结构的垂直距离T满足以下公式：
    Figure PCTCN2021073653-appb-100001
    其中，w为一个所述分光结构在所述行方向上的宽度，△θ为一个所述子像素发出的光线通过对应的所述分光结构后所形成一个视点的角度。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的显示装置，其中，相邻两个所述视点的间隔角度为△θ。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的显示装置，其中，所述分光结构为柱透镜，所述柱透镜的焦距等于T。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的显示装置，其中，还包括：位于所述显示面板与所述分光结构之间的隔垫介质层。
  9. 如权利要求4所述的显示装置，其中，m为2，N为4，k为1；或者，m为3，N为2，k为2；或者，m为3，N为3，k为1；或者，m为3，N为3，k为2；或者，m为4，N为2，k为1；或者，m为4，N为2，k为3；或者，m为5，N为2，k为1；或者，m为5，N为2，k为2；或者，m为5，N为2，k为3；或者，m为5，N为2，k为4；或者，m为6，N为2，k为1；或者，m为6，N为2，k为5。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的显示装置，其中，每个所述分光结构配置为，使其所覆盖的全部所述子像素发出的光线形成主瓣视角，并使其相邻所述分光结构所覆盖的全部所述子像素发出的光线形成旁瓣视角；其中，
    所述主瓣视角的边界与所述旁瓣视角的边界之间的最短距离等于所述分光结构在所述行方向上的宽度、任意相邻两级所述旁瓣视角的边界之间的最短距离等于所述分光结构在所述行方向上的宽度。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的显示装置，其中，在所述列方向上连续排列的每三个所述像素岛为一个像素重复单元；
    在一个所述像素重复单元内，同一所述像素岛的所述子像素的显示颜色相同，不同所述像素岛的所述子像素的显示颜色不同。
  12. 一种如权利要求1-11任一项所述显示装置的驱动方法，其中，包括：
    在二维显示模式下，根据要显示的图像信息，确定对应于各像素岛的第一图像驱动信号；并向所述像素岛中的全部子像素加载对应的所述第一图像驱动信号，以形成二维图像；
    在三维显示模式下，根据要显示的图像信息，确定对应于各视点的第二图像驱动信号；并向不同的所述像素岛中处于相同位置处的所述子像素施加对应于同一视点的所述第二图像驱动信号，以形成具有多个视点的三维图像。
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