WO2022152149A1

WO2022152149A1 - Labyrinth-type sealed piston assembly

Info

Publication number: WO2022152149A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/071539
Authority: WO
Inventors: 强哲菲; 强莉莉
Original assignee: 强莉莉
Priority date: 2021-01-15
Filing date: 2022-01-12
Publication date: 2022-07-21
Also published as: CN114763775A

Abstract

A labyrinth-type sealed piston assembly, comprising: a piston body (1) and at least one piston air ring (2). Piston air ring grooves (11) matching the size and number of the piston air rings (2) are formed on the periphery of the piston body (1) along the circumferential line. A piston air ring (2) is sleeved in a piston air ring groove (11). A back gap is formed between an inner diameter surface of a piston air ring (2) and a bottom diameter wall of a piston air ring groove (11). A labyrinth-type sealing structure (3) for reducing oil leakage and air leakage is mounted between at least one back gap.

Description

A labyrinth seal piston assembly

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202110056444.7 and the invention title "A Labyrinth Seal Piston Assembly", which was filed in the China Patent Office on January 15, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference Applying.

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of piston seals, in particular to a labyrinth seal piston assembly.

Background technique

Piston, piston gas ring and cylinder liner are important working components of internal combustion engine. The piston and piston gas ring reciprocate in the cylinder liner and convert energy. During the working cycle of the piston and piston ring, the lubricating oil continuously enters the combustion chamber and is burned and consumed. Fuel consumption is an important performance indicator of internal combustion engines. The level of oil consumption is directly related to the emission of internal combustion engines and the economy of use. In order to reduce oil consumption, the research and improvement of related parts and components have achieved a lot of results.

In order to realize the sealing of the gas by the piston, piston ring and cylinder liner and reduce the consumption of lubricating oil, the piston ring is composed of an air ring and an oil ring. The corresponding piston is provided with a corresponding ring groove, and the air ring mainly seals the engine cylinder. The high-pressure gas inside, and prevent the gas from leaking into the crankcase from the combustion chamber, while the oil ring mainly distributes lubricating oil to the cylinder wall and prevents the lubricating oil from entering the combustion chamber. Technological upgrades promote technological innovations for pistons adapted to them to strengthen gas seals and block lubricating oil from entering the combustion chamber. With the improvement of internal combustion engine emission standards and fuel economy requirements, it is particularly important to reduce and control oil consumption.

technical problem

One of the objectives of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a labyrinth seal piston assembly, which aims to reduce oil consumption.

technical solutions

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are:

A labyrinth seal piston assembly, comprising: a piston body and at least one piston gas ring, the outer circumference of the piston body is provided with a piston gas ring groove matching the size and quantity of the piston gas ring, the The piston air ring is sleeved in the piston air ring groove, a back gap is formed between the inner diameter surface of the piston air ring and the bottom diameter wall of the piston air ring groove, and at least one of the back gaps is arranged to reduce the Labyrinth seal structure for oil leakage and air leakage.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

The piston air ring includes upper and lower two mounted on the piston body, and a labyrinth seal is installed on the back gap between the inner diameter surface of the piston air ring on the upper side and the bottom diameter wall of the piston air ring groove structure.

The piston air ring includes upper and lower two mounted on the piston body, and a labyrinth is installed on the back gap between the inner diameter surface of the two piston air rings and the bottom diameter wall of the piston air ring groove. Sealed structure.

The piston air ring includes upper and lower two mounted on the piston body, and a labyrinth seal is installed on the back gap between the inner diameter surface of the piston air ring and the bottom diameter wall of the piston air ring groove on the lower side. structure.

The labyrinth sealing structure includes a number of labyrinth grooves connected end to end on the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove in the axial direction, and a labyrinth flange matched with the labyrinth groove on the inner diameter surface of the piston air ring, so The labyrinth flange is serrated.

The labyrinth sealing structure includes a semicircular groove on the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove along the circumferential direction, a ring groove sealing ring is installed in the semicircular groove, and the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring corresponds to the The position of the annular groove sealing ring is provided with a first groove, and the first groove is clamped with an end of the annular groove sealing ring away from the semicircular groove.

The annular groove sealing ring is made of heat-resistant polymer elastic material, and the annular groove sealing ring is an "O" ring with a circular cross-section.

The labyrinth sealing structure includes a second groove opened on the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring.

The labyrinth sealing structure includes a third groove opened on the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove.

The labyrinth sealing structure includes a fourth groove opened on the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring, a rectangular flange fixedly connected on the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove, and the rectangular flange is inserted into the fourth groove. in the groove.

beneficial effect

The beneficial effects of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the present application are:

1. A labyrinth sealing structure is set between the piston air ring groove and the piston air ring to reduce the passage of lubricating oil and gas through the piston air ring groove and the side gap and back gap of the piston air ring, and reduce the oil consumption and power loss of the internal combustion engine.

2. The rectangular flange in the piston gas ring groove divides the back gap between the piston gas ring groove and the piston gas ring into several parts, the gap between the lubricating oil and the gas flow channel is small, especially the rectangular ring structure of the flange turns The loss of pressure difference is significant, and the leakage of lubricating oil and gas is reduced.

3. A ring groove sealing ring or flange is arranged between the piston gas ring groove and the piston gas ring, which reduces the cross-sectional area of the gas passing through the opening gap, reduces air leakage, and thus reduces power or pressure loss.

4. The labyrinth sealing structure is set on the piston ring groove and the piston gas ring, which improves the sealing ability of the piston and the piston ring to high pressure gas and reduces the pressure loss. pressure.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments or exemplary technologies. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present application. In some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the application;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the application;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 5 of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the application;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 6 of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 7 of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the application.

illustration:

1. Piston body; 11. Piston gas ring groove; 2. Piston gas ring; 3. Labyrinth sealing structure; 31. Labyrinth groove; 32. Labyrinth flange; 33. Semicircular groove; 34. Ring groove sealing ring; 35, The first groove; 36, the second groove; 37, the third groove; 38, the fourth groove; 39, the rectangular flange.

Embodiments of the present invention

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application.

It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly on the other component. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device Or the elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be construed as a limitation to the present application, and those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of description, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying indicating the number of technical features. "Plurality" means two or more, unless expressly specifically limited otherwise.

In order to illustrate the technical solutions described in the present application, a detailed description is given below with reference to the specific drawings and embodiments.

Labyrinth seal piston assembly embodiment 1:

As shown in FIG. 1 , the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided in this embodiment includes: a piston body 1 and at least one piston gas ring 2 . The outer circumference of the piston body 1 is provided with a size and quantity matching the size and quantity of the piston gas ring 2 along the circumference. A suitable piston air ring groove 11, the piston air ring 2 is sleeved in the piston air ring groove 11, a back gap is formed between the inner diameter surface of the piston air ring 2 and the bottom diameter wall of the piston air ring groove 11, and at least one back gap is installed. A labyrinth sealing structure 3 is provided for reducing air leakage and oil leakage.

The piston of an internal combustion engine is one of the main parts in an internal combustion engine. It forms a piston group with parts such as piston rings, cylinder liners, and piston pins, and forms a combustion chamber together with the cylinder head. It is transmitted to the crankshaft to complete the working process of the internal combustion engine. The piston body 1 is a cylinder, the piston gas ring 2 is embedded in the piston gas ring groove 11 on the piston body 1, and reciprocates with the piston body 1. The piston gas ring groove 11 and the piston There are side gaps and back gaps between the gas rings 2. During the reciprocating motion of the piston, a small amount of lubricating oil enters the combustion chamber through the side gap and back gap, and a small amount of high-pressure gas enters the crankcase through the side gap and back gap.

In the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the present application, a labyrinth seal structure 3 is designed in the back gap between the piston gas ring 2 and the piston gas ring groove 11, which greatly reduces the leakage of lubricating oil and high-pressure gas. A back gap is formed between the inner diameter surface of the piston gas ring 2 and the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove 11, and a labyrinth sealing structure 3 for reducing air leakage and oil leakage is installed between at least one back gap, that is, if the piston body 1 There are two piston air rings 2 on the upper end, so there will be three design states: (1), a labyrinth seal structure 3 is designed on the back gap between the piston air ring 2 at the upper end and the piston air ring groove 11; (2) in A labyrinth seal structure 3 is designed on the back gap between the upper and lower piston air rings 2 and the piston air ring groove 11; (3) The back gap between the piston air ring 2 at the lower end and the piston air ring groove 11 A labyrinth sealing structure 3 is designed on the upper part.

In this embodiment, the piston air ring 2 includes two upper and lower parts installed on the piston body 1 , and a labyrinth is arranged on the back gap between the inner diameter surface of the piston air ring 2 on the upper side and the bottom diameter wall of the piston air ring groove 11 Sealing structure 3. The piston gas ring 2 (compression ring) on the upper side has the effect of 75%-85% of the sealing gas, and the piston gas ring 2 (compression ring) on the lower side not only has the effect of 15%-25% of the sealing gas, but also It has the effect of sealing the lubricating oil, and the high-pressure gas is sealed through the first ring and the second ring, so that the sealing effect is better, and the sealing effect of the subsequent piston gas ring gradually decreases, and each additional piston gas ring will Increase a certain amount of friction power consumption, but its sealing effect is limited, so the number of piston gas rings should not be too much, two is the best. As shown in FIG. 1 , a labyrinth seal structure 3 is designed on the back gap between the upper piston air ring 2 and the piston air ring groove 11 to reduce the backlash of lubricating oil and gas from the piston air ring groove 11 and the piston air ring 2 back. Through the gap, reduce the oil consumption of the internal combustion engine and reduce the power loss.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the labyrinth seal structure 3 includes a plurality of labyrinth grooves 31 connected end to end on the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove 11 along the axial direction, and the labyrinth grooves 31 formed on the inner diameter surface of the piston air ring 2 and the labyrinth grooves 31 Matching labyrinth flanges 32, the labyrinth flanges 32 are serrated. The labyrinth flange 32 and the labyrinth groove 31 form a labyrinth channel, which can reduce the entry of lubricating oil into the combustion chamber and the entry of combustion chamber gas into the crankcase.

Labyrinth seal piston assembly embodiment 2:

As shown in FIG. 2 , the second embodiment of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the present application is basically the same as the piston assembly of Example 1, with the only difference that the piston gas ring 2 includes a piston air ring 2 mounted on the piston body 1 . , the next two, the back gap between the inner diameter surface of the two piston gas rings 2 and the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove 11 are all provided with a labyrinth sealing structure 3 . A labyrinth sealing structure 3 is installed in the two back gaps, which enhances the sealing effect on lubricating oil and gas.

Labyrinth seal piston assembly embodiment 3:

As shown in FIG. 3 , the third embodiment of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the present application is basically the same as the piston assembly of Example 1, the only difference being that the piston gas ring 2 includes a piston gas ring 2 mounted on the piston body 1 . A labyrinth sealing structure 3 is installed on the back gap between the inner diameter surface of the piston gas ring 2 on the lower side and the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove 11 . A labyrinth seal structure 3 is installed on the back gap between the inner diameter surface of the piston gas ring 2 on the lower side and the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove 11 to form a labyrinth channel, which can reduce the entry of lubricating oil into the combustion chamber and the entry of combustion chamber gas into the crankshaft box.

Labyrinth seal piston assembly embodiment 4:

As shown in FIG. 4 , the fourth embodiment of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the present application is basically the same as the piston assembly of Example 2, except that the labyrinth seal structure 3 includes the bottom diameter of the piston gas ring groove 11 . A semicircular groove 33 is provided on the wall along the circumferential direction. A ring groove sealing ring 34 is installed in the semicircular groove 33. A first groove 35 is provided on the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring 2 at a position corresponding to the ring groove sealing ring 34. A groove 35 is engaged with one end of the annular groove sealing ring 34 away from the semicircular groove 33 . The first groove 35 has a U-shaped structure. The ring groove sealing ring 34 installed in the semicircular groove 33 divides the back gap between the piston body 1 and the piston gas ring 2 into several parts to form a labyrinth channel, which can reduce the entry of lubricating oil into the combustion chamber and the entry of combustion chamber gas Crankcase.

In this embodiment, the annular groove sealing ring 34 is made of a heat-resistant polymer elastic material, and the annular groove sealing ring 34 is an "O" ring with a circular cross-section. The ring groove sealing ring 34 is resistant to high temperature, preventing the high temperature in the combustion chamber from causing the ring groove sealing ring 34 to fail and reducing the sealing effect. The tightness between the grooves 35 is stronger.

Labyrinth seal piston assembly embodiment 5:

As shown in FIG. 5 , the fifth embodiment of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the present application is basically the same as the piston assembly of Example 2, except that the labyrinth seal structure 3 includes the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring 2 . The opened second groove 36 . The second groove 36 is a semicircular structure or a U-shaped structure. The formation of labyrinth channels can reduce the entry of lubricating oil into the combustion chamber and the entry of combustion chamber gas into the crankcase.

Labyrinth seal piston assembly embodiment 6:

As shown in FIG. 6 , the sixth embodiment of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the present application is basically the same as the piston assembly of Example 2, except that the labyrinth seal structure 3 includes the bottom diameter of the piston gas ring groove 11 . The third groove 37 opened on the wall. The third groove 37 is a U-shaped structure, and the reason is the same as that in Embodiment 5, and will not be repeated here.

Labyrinth seal piston assembly embodiment 7:

As shown in FIG. 7 , the sixth embodiment of the labyrinth seal piston assembly provided by the present application is basically the same as the piston assembly of Example 1, except that the labyrinth seal structure 3 includes the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring 2 . The opened fourth groove 38 , the rectangular flange 39 fixedly connected to the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove 11 , and the rectangular flange 39 is inserted into the fourth groove 38 . The fourth groove 38 has a U-shaped structure. The rectangular flange 39 in the piston gas ring groove 11 divides the back gap between the piston body 1 and the piston gas ring 2 into several parts, forming a labyrinth channel, which can reduce the entry of lubricating oil into the combustion chamber and the entry of combustion chamber gas into the crankcase . In particular, the rectangular flange 39 turns sharply, and the pressure difference loss is large, which significantly reduces the leakage of lubricating oil and combustion chamber gas.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection of the present application. within the range.

Claims

A labyrinth seal piston assembly, characterized in that it comprises: a piston body (1) and at least one piston gas ring (2), the outer periphery of the piston body (1) is provided with the piston gas ring along the circumference (2) Piston gas ring grooves (11) of suitable size and quantity, the piston gas ring (2) is sleeved in the piston gas ring groove (11), and the inner diameter surface of the piston gas ring (2) is A back gap is formed between the bottom diameter walls of the piston gas ring groove (11), and a labyrinth sealing structure (3) for reducing oil leakage and air leakage is installed between at least one of the back gaps.
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the piston gas ring (2) comprises upper and lower two mounted on the piston body (1), the piston gas ring on the upper side (2) A labyrinth sealing structure (3) is installed on the back gap between the inner diameter surface and the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove (11).
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the piston air ring (2) comprises two upper and lower parts mounted on the piston body (1), and the two piston air rings (2) A labyrinth sealing structure (3) is installed on the back gap between the inner diameter surface and the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove (11).
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the piston gas ring (2) comprises upper and lower two mounted on the piston body (1), and the piston gas ring on the lower side (2) A labyrinth sealing structure (3) is installed on the back gap between the inner diameter surface and the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove (11).
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the labyrinth seal structure (3) comprises a plurality of labyrinth grooves connected end to end and axially opened on the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove (11). (31), a labyrinth flange (32) fitted with the labyrinth groove (31) provided on the inner diameter surface of the piston gas ring (2), and the labyrinth flange (32) is serrated.
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the labyrinth seal structure (3) comprises a semicircular groove (33) on the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove (11) along the circumferential direction , a ring groove sealing ring (34) is installed in the semicircular groove (33), and a first groove is opened on the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring (2) corresponding to the ring groove sealing ring (34) (35), the first groove (35) is clamped with an end of the annular groove sealing ring (34) away from the semicircular groove (33).
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 6, wherein the annular groove seal ring (34) is made of a heat-resistant polymer elastic material.
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 1, wherein the labyrinth seal structure (3) comprises a second groove (36) opened on the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring (2).
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 1, wherein the labyrinth seal structure (3) comprises a third groove (37) formed on the bottom diameter wall of the piston gas ring groove (11).
The labyrinth seal piston assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the labyrinth seal structure (3) comprises a fourth groove (38) opened on the inner diameter wall of the piston gas ring (2), the piston A rectangular flange (39) fixedly connected on the bottom diameter wall of the gas ring groove (11), the rectangular flange (39) is inserted into the fourth groove (38).