WO2022143527A1 - Terahertz fiber laser device - Google Patents

Terahertz fiber laser device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143527A1
WO2022143527A1 PCT/CN2021/141642 CN2021141642W WO2022143527A1 WO 2022143527 A1 WO2022143527 A1 WO 2022143527A1 CN 2021141642 W CN2021141642 W CN 2021141642W WO 2022143527 A1 WO2022143527 A1 WO 2022143527A1
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Prior art keywords
mid
terahertz
infrared laser
air chamber
infrared
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PCT/CN2021/141642
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王度
汪太进
雷诚
刘胜
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武汉大学
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Publication of WO2022143527A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143527A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094042—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to terahertz fiber lasers.
  • terahertz fiber lasers usually use gas lasers or solid-state lasers as pump sources.
  • gas lasers are bulky and difficult to integrate.
  • Solid-state lasers have harsh working conditions, complex fabrication processes, and high costs.
  • the invention provides a terahertz fiber laser, and solves the problem that the pump source used in the existing terahertz fiber laser is large in volume when it is a gas laser, and has low power when it is a solid laser.
  • a terahertz fiber laser including:
  • a first collimating and focusing unit for collimating and focusing the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser
  • the near-infrared laser collimated and focused by the first collimation and focusing unit is input to the mid-infrared laser resonator unit, and the mid-infrared laser resonator unit generates and outputs mid-infrared laser light;
  • a second collimating and focusing unit for collimating and focusing the mid-infrared laser output from the mid-infrared laser resonance unit;
  • a terahertz laser resonance unit the mid-infrared laser collimated and focused by the second collimation and focusing unit is input to the terahertz laser resonance unit, and the terahertz laser resonance unit generates and outputs a terahertz laser;
  • the air chamber includes a first air chamber for storing and generating mid-infrared laser gain gas, and a second air chamber for storing and generating terahertz laser gain gas,
  • An air chamber partition wall is arranged between the first air chamber and the second air chamber, the output end of the mid-infrared laser resonance unit is set in the first air chamber, and the input of the terahertz laser resonance unit is The end is arranged in the second air chamber.
  • the first collimating and focusing unit includes a first convex lens for collimating the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser, and a first convex lens for focusing the near-infrared laser light collimated by the first convex lens
  • a second convex lens, the first convex lens is disposed on the side close to the near-infrared laser, and the second convex lens is disposed on the side close to the mid-infrared laser resonance unit.
  • the mid-infrared laser resonator unit includes an end mirror, a mid-infrared hollow-core fiber, and a first output mirror, the end mirror is sealed and disposed on the end face of the input end of the mid-infrared hollow-core fiber, and the first output mirror The mirror is facing the output end of the mid-infrared hollow-core fiber, and there is a gap between the output end of the mid-infrared hollow-core fiber and the first output mirror that enables the first gas to enter and exit the mid-infrared hollow fiber .
  • the first air chamber is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet
  • the second air chamber is provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet
  • the first air inlet is provided with control valves.
  • the second collimating and focusing unit includes a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit, and a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light after the third convex lens
  • the third convex lens is located in the first air chamber or on the partition wall of the air chamber and simultaneously serves as a window, and the concave mirror is located in the second air chamber.
  • the second collimating and focusing unit includes a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit, and a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light after the third convex lens a focusing fourth convex lens;
  • the third convex lens and the fourth convex lens are jointly arranged in the first air chamber or the second air chamber; or, the third convex lens is arranged in the first air chamber,
  • the fourth convex lens is disposed in the second air chamber or on the air chamber partition wall and simultaneously serves as a window; or, the third convex lens is disposed in the first air chamber or on the air chamber partition wall at the same time Used as a window, the fourth convex lens is arranged in the second air chamber.
  • the mid-infrared laser gain-producing gas stored in the first gas chamber includes hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon nitride, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitric oxide, nitrogen, carbon disulfide, hydrogen cyanide, Any one or a combination of water vapor, nitrous oxide, ammonia, and carbon dioxide.
  • the terahertz laser resonator unit includes a prism, a terahertz hollow-core fiber, and a second output mirror, the second output mirror is sealed and disposed on the end face of the output end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and the prism is positive
  • the prism is positive
  • the prism includes a first surface that reflects the mid-infrared laser light collimated and focused by the second collimation and focusing unit into the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and the terahertz hollow-core fiber The terahertz laser light inside is reflected back to the second surface in the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and there is a preset angle between the first surface and the second surface.
  • the terahertz laser gain-generating gas stored in the second gas chamber includes methanol, fluoromethane, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, ammonia, carbonyl sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide. any one or a combination of more.
  • the invention has the following advantages: the near-infrared laser is used as the pump source, the near-infrared laser generated by the near-infrared laser is injected into the mid-infrared laser resonator unit as the pump light, and the mid-infrared laser generated by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit is used as the pump light , the excited terahertz laser is oscillated and output in the terahertz laser resonance unit, which avoids the problems of large volume when using gas lasers and low power when using solid-state lasers, and has the characteristics of compact structure and simple process.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of another terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the prism structure of the terahertz fiber laser provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz hollow-core fiber of a terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be two components Internal connectivity or interaction between two elements.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be two components Internal connectivity or interaction between two elements.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth” are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated, thereby , the features defined with “first”, “second”, “third”, “fourth” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a terahertz fiber laser 100 provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the terahertz fiber laser 100 includes a near-infrared laser 110 , a first collimation focusing unit 120 , a mid-infrared laser resonating unit 130 , a second collimating focusing unit 140 , and a terahertz laser resonator connected in sequence. unit 150.
  • the near-infrared laser 110 is used to generate near-infrared laser light.
  • the first collimating and focusing unit 120 is used for collimating and focusing the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser 110 .
  • the mid-infrared laser resonance unit 130 is configured to generate and output mid-infrared laser light after the near-infrared laser light collimated and focused by the first collimation and focusing unit 120 enters.
  • the second collimating and focusing unit 140 is used for collimating and focusing the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130 .
  • the terahertz laser resonance unit 150 is used for generating and outputting the terahertz laser light after the mid-infrared laser light collimated and focused by the second collimating and focusing unit 140 enters.
  • the gas chamber 170 includes a first gas chamber 171 for accommodating a first gas and a second gas chamber 172 for accommodating a second gas, and a gas chamber partition wall 173 is provided between the first gas chamber 171 and the second gas chamber 172 , the output end of the mid-infrared laser resonance unit 130 is arranged in the first gas chamber 171 , and the input end of the terahertz laser resonance unit 150 is arranged in the second gas chamber 172 .
  • the near-infrared laser 110 includes a near-infrared band tunable laser.
  • the first collimating and focusing unit 120 includes a first convex lens 121 and a second convex lens 122 .
  • the first convex lens 121 is disposed on the side close to the near-infrared laser 110, and is used for collimating the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser 110.
  • the second convex lens 122 is disposed on the side close to the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130 , and is used for focusing the near-infrared laser light collimated by the first convex lens 121 .
  • Both the first convex lens 121 and the second convex lens 122 are provided with a near-infrared antireflection film.
  • the infrared laser resonance unit 130 includes an end mirror 131, a mid-infrared hollow core fiber 132 capable of accommodating the first gas, and a first output mirror 133.
  • the end mirror 131 is sealed and arranged on the end face of the input end of the mid-infrared hollow core fiber 132. There is a gap between the core fiber 132 and the first output mirror 133 .
  • the side of the end mirror 131 close to the first collimation focusing unit 120 is provided with a near-infrared antireflection film; the side of the end mirror 131 close to the mid-infrared hollow core fiber 132 is provided with a mid-infrared high-reflection film, and a mid-infrared high-reflection film is disposed on the side of the end mirror 131 close to the mid-infrared hollow core fiber 132 .
  • the near-infrared antireflection film between the film and the end mirror 131 so that the end mirror 131 has high transmittance in the near-infrared band and high reflectance in the mid-infrared band, wherein the transmittance and reflectance are both greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99% %.
  • the end mirror 131 is inlaid on the end face of the input end of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 in a capping structure, and forms a closed structure with the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 .
  • the output end of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 is encapsulated in the first air chamber 171 through an optical fiber adapter (not shown).
  • the side of the first output mirror 133 close to the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 is provided with a near-infrared high-reflection film, and a dielectric film with a certain transmittance and reflectivity for mid-infrared laser light, and the dielectric film is disposed on the near-infrared laser. between the high-reflection film and the first output mirror 133 .
  • the reflectivity of the near-infrared high-reflection film is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%; the transmittance and reflectivity of the dielectric film can be selected according to requirements, for example, the transmittance can be 50%.
  • a mid-infrared antireflection coating is provided on the side of the first output mirror 133 close to the second collimating and focusing unit 140 .
  • the first output mirror 133 exhibits high reflectivity in the near-infrared band, and exhibits a certain transmittance and reflectivity in the mid-infrared band.
  • the first gas for generating mid-infrared laser gain includes hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon nitride, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitric oxide, nitrogen, carbon disulfide, hydrogen cyanide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, Any one or a combination of ammonia and carbon dioxide. It can be understood that the light emitted by different gases is different, and the luminous intensity exhibited by different gases in different wavelength bands is also different.
  • the first gas can be selected according to requirements. of the first gas to be matched.
  • the air pressure of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 is consistent with the air pressure of the first air chamber 171, and the first gas can pass through the gap between the first output mirror 133 disposed in the first air chamber 171 and the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132, and is formed by
  • the first air chamber 171 enters into the interior of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 or is discharged from the interior of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 to the first air chamber 171 .
  • the first air chamber 171 is provided with a first air inlet 161 and a first air outlet 162
  • the second air chamber 172 is provided with a second air inlet 163 and a second air outlet 164
  • the air port 162, the second air inlet 163 and the second air outlet 164 are all provided with control valves.
  • the first air inlet 161 and the first air outlet 162 are respectively used to inflate and deflate the first air chamber 171, and the second air inlet The air port 163 and the second air outlet 164 are used to inflate and deflate the second air chamber 172, respectively.
  • the second collimating and focusing unit 140 includes a third convex lens 141 and a concave mirror 142 .
  • the third convex lens 141 is used for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output from the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130
  • the concave mirror 142 is used for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130
  • the concave mirror 142 is used for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the third convex lens 141
  • the collimated mid-infrared laser is reflected and focused
  • the third convex lens 141 is located in the first air chamber 171
  • the concave mirror 142 is located in the second air chamber 172 .
  • the third convex lens 141 is provided with a mid-infrared antireflection film, so that the third convex lens 141 exhibits high transmittance in the mid-infrared band, and the transmittance is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%.
  • the concave mirror 142 is provided with a mid-infrared high-reflection film, so that the concave mirror 142 exhibits high reflectivity in the mid-infrared band, and the reflectivity is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%.
  • the second collimating and focusing unit 140 may also have other setting forms.
  • the second collimating and focusing unit 140 includes a third convex lens 141 and a fourth convex lens 143, and the third convex lens 141 is used to align the mid-infrared laser resonator unit.
  • the mid-infrared laser light output by 130 is collimated, and the fourth convex lens 143 is used for focusing the mid-infrared laser light collimated by the third convex lens 141 .
  • the third convex lens 141 and the fourth convex lens 143 can be disposed together in the first air chamber 171 , can also be disposed together in the second air chamber 172 , or can be disposed separately, that is, the third convex lens 141 is disposed in the first air chamber 171 , the fourth convex lens 143 is arranged in the second air chamber 172 .
  • the third convex lens 141 can also be placed on the middle air chamber partition wall 173 and used as a window at the same time.
  • the fourth convex lens 143 can also be placed on the air chamber partition wall 173 in the middle and used as a window at the same time.
  • Both the third convex lens 141 and the fourth convex lens 143 are provided with a mid-infrared antireflection coating, so that the third convex lens 141 and the fourth convex lens 143 have high transmittance in the mid-infrared band, and the transmittance is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%.
  • the terahertz laser resonance unit 150 includes a prism 151, a terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 and a second output mirror 153. There is a gap between the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 and the prism 151, and the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 can accommodate the second gas , the second output mirror 153 is sealed and arranged on the end face of the output end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 .
  • the prism 151 includes a first surface 151a and a second surface 151b, there is a preset angle between the first surface 151a and the second surface 151b, and the first surface 151a is provided with a mid-infrared high-reflection film 151c and a solar Hertz anti-reflection film 151e, mid-infrared high-reflection film 151c are arranged between the first surface 151a and the terahertz anti-reflection film 151e, and the second surface 151b is provided with a terahertz high-reflection film 151d, so that the mid-infrared laser passes through the first surface 151a After being reflected, it enters the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152, and the terahertz laser light in the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 is reflected back into the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 through the second surface 151b.
  • the prism 151 is fabricated by processing a quartz medium or a polymer medium.
  • the mid-infrared laser light is injected into the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 by means of the surface reflection of the prism 151 , which can reduce the loss of the mid-infrared laser light and improve the light-to-optical conversion efficiency.
  • the input end of the terahertz hollow-core optical fiber 152 is encapsulated in the second air chamber 172 through an optical fiber adapter (not shown).
  • the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 includes a hollow-core waveguide made of polycarbonate and quartz glass tubes. As shown in FIG. 5 , the inner wall of the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 is coated with a film layer 152a, the thickness of the film layer 152a is 0.5-0.7um, and the tube diameter of the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 is 1-10mm.
  • the air pressure of the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 is consistent with the second gas chamber 172, and the second gas passes through the gap between the prism 151 arranged in the second gas chamber 172 and the terahertz hollow core fiber 152, and is transported by the second gas chamber 172.
  • the air chamber 172 enters the interior of the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 or is discharged from the interior of the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 to the second air chamber 172 .
  • the side of the second output mirror 153 close to the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 is provided with a terahertz antireflection coating and a mid-infrared high-reflection coating; the side of the second output mirror 153 facing away from the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 is the second output mirror
  • the output surface of 153 is provided with a terahertz anti-reflection coating, so that the second output mirror 153 exhibits high reflectivity in the mid-infrared band, and the reflectivity is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%; it exhibits a certain transmittance and reflectivity in the terahertz band , the transmittance and reflectivity can be selected according to requirements, for example, the transmittance can be 50%.
  • the second output mirror 153 is inlaid on the end face of the output end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 in the form of a cap, and forms a closed structure with the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152
  • the second gas for generating terahertz laser gain includes any one or a combination of methanol, fluoromethane, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, ammonia, carbonyl sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide. Likewise, different kinds of the second gas can be selected according to requirements.
  • the terahertz fiber laser of the present invention adopts a near-infrared laser as a pump source, the near-infrared laser generated by the near-infrared laser is injected into the mid-infrared laser resonance unit as a pump light, and the mid-infrared laser generated by the mid-infrared laser resonance unit is used as a pump.
  • the excited terahertz laser is oscillated and output in the terahertz laser resonance unit, which avoids the problems of large volume when using gas lasers and low power when using solid-state lasers, and has the characteristics of compact structure and simple process.

Abstract

Provided is a terahertz fiber laser device, comprising a near-infrared laser device, a first collimating and focusing unit, a mid-infrared laser resonance unit, a second collimating and focusing unit and a terahertz laser resonance unit, which are connected in sequence, wherein the first collimating and focusing unit is used for collimating and focusing a near-infrared laser emitted by the near-infrared laser device; the mid-infrared laser resonance unit is used for generating and outputting a mid-infrared laser after the near-infrared laser that has been collimated and focused by the first collimating and focusing unit enters the mid-infrared laser resonance unit; the second collimating and focusing unit is used for collimating and focusing the mid-infrared laser output by the mid-infrared laser resonance unit; the terahertz laser resonance unit is used for generating and outputting a terahertz laser after the mid-infrared laser that has been collimated and focused by the second collimating and focusing unit enters the terahertz laser resonance unit; and an output end of the mid-infrared laser resonance unit, the second collimating and focusing unit, and an input end of the terahertz laser resonance unit are all arranged in a gas chamber. The terahertz fiber laser device of the present invention has the characteristics of a compact structure and a simple process.

Description

太赫兹光纤激光器Terahertz Fiber Lasers 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及太赫兹光纤激光器。The present invention relates to terahertz fiber lasers.
背景技术Background technique
现有的太赫兹光纤激光器通常采用气体激光器或固态激光器作为泵浦源，然而，气体激光器体积大，且不易集成，固体激光器工作条件要求苛刻，且制作工艺复杂，成本高昂。Existing terahertz fiber lasers usually use gas lasers or solid-state lasers as pump sources. However, gas lasers are bulky and difficult to integrate. Solid-state lasers have harsh working conditions, complex fabrication processes, and high costs.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明提供太赫兹光纤激光器，解决现有的太赫兹光纤激光器采用的泵浦源为气体激光器时体积大，为固体激光器时功率较低的问题。The invention provides a terahertz fiber laser, and solves the problem that the pump source used in the existing terahertz fiber laser is large in volume when it is a gas laser, and has low power when it is a solid laser.
根据本发明实施例的一方面，提供一种太赫兹光纤激光器，包括：According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a terahertz fiber laser is provided, including:
近红外激光器；near-infrared lasers;
第一准直聚焦单元，对所述近红外激光器发出的近红外激光进行准直与聚焦；a first collimating and focusing unit, for collimating and focusing the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser;
中红外激光谐振单元，所述第一准直聚焦单元准直与聚焦后的近红外激光输入到所述中红外激光谐振单元，所述中红外激光谐振单元产生并输出中红外激光；a mid-infrared laser resonator unit, the near-infrared laser collimated and focused by the first collimation and focusing unit is input to the mid-infrared laser resonator unit, and the mid-infrared laser resonator unit generates and outputs mid-infrared laser light;
第二准直聚焦单元，对所述中红外激光谐振单元输出的中红外激光进行准直与聚焦；a second collimating and focusing unit, for collimating and focusing the mid-infrared laser output from the mid-infrared laser resonance unit;
太赫兹激光谐振单元，所述第二准直聚焦单元准直与聚焦后的中红外激光输入到所述太赫兹激光谐振单元，所述太赫兹激光谐振单元产生并输出太赫兹激光；a terahertz laser resonance unit, the mid-infrared laser collimated and focused by the second collimation and focusing unit is input to the terahertz laser resonance unit, and the terahertz laser resonance unit generates and outputs a terahertz laser;
气室，所述第二准直聚焦单元设置于所述气室内，所述气室包括储存产生中红外激光增益气体的第一气室，以及储存产生太赫兹激光增益气体的第二气室，所述第一气室和所述第二气室之间设置有气室分隔壁，所述中红外激光谐振单元的输出端设置于所述第一气室内，所述太赫兹激光谐振单元的输入端设置于所述第二气室内。an air chamber, wherein the second collimation and focusing unit is arranged in the air chamber, the air chamber includes a first air chamber for storing and generating mid-infrared laser gain gas, and a second air chamber for storing and generating terahertz laser gain gas, An air chamber partition wall is arranged between the first air chamber and the second air chamber, the output end of the mid-infrared laser resonance unit is set in the first air chamber, and the input of the terahertz laser resonance unit is The end is arranged in the second air chamber.
在一些示例中，所述第一准直聚焦单元包括对所述近红外激光器发出的近红外激光进行准直的第一凸透镜，和对所述第一凸透镜准直后的近红外激光进行聚焦的第二凸透镜，所述第一凸透镜设置于靠近所述近红外激光器的一侧，所述第二凸透镜设置于靠近所述中红外激光谐振单元的一侧。In some examples, the first collimating and focusing unit includes a first convex lens for collimating the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser, and a first convex lens for focusing the near-infrared laser light collimated by the first convex lens A second convex lens, the first convex lens is disposed on the side close to the near-infrared laser, and the second convex lens is disposed on the side close to the mid-infrared laser resonance unit.
在一些示例中，所述中红外激光谐振单元包括端镜、中红外空芯光纤和第一输出镜，所述端镜密封设置于所述中红外空芯光纤输入端的端面，所述第一输出镜正对所述中红外空芯光纤输出端，且所述中红外空芯光纤输出端与所述第一输出镜之间具有能够使所述第一气体进出所述中红外空芯光纤的缝隙。In some examples, the mid-infrared laser resonator unit includes an end mirror, a mid-infrared hollow-core fiber, and a first output mirror, the end mirror is sealed and disposed on the end face of the input end of the mid-infrared hollow-core fiber, and the first output mirror The mirror is facing the output end of the mid-infrared hollow-core fiber, and there is a gap between the output end of the mid-infrared hollow-core fiber and the first output mirror that enables the first gas to enter and exit the mid-infrared hollow fiber .
在一些示例中，所述第一气室设置有第一进气口和第一出气口，所述第二气室设置有第 二进气口和第二出气口，所述第一进气口、所述第一出气口、所述第二进气口和所述第二出气口设置有控制阀。In some examples, the first air chamber is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the second air chamber is provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the first air inlet , The first air outlet, the second air inlet and the second air outlet are provided with control valves.
在一些示例中，所述第二准直聚焦单元包括对所述中红外激光谐振单元输出的中红外激光进行准直的第三凸透镜，和对所述第三凸透镜准直后的中红外激光进行反射与聚焦的凹面镜，所述第三凸透镜位于所述第一气室内或者所述气室分隔壁上同时作为窗口使用，所述凹面镜位于所述第二气室内。In some examples, the second collimating and focusing unit includes a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit, and a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light after the third convex lens A concave mirror for reflection and focusing, the third convex lens is located in the first air chamber or on the partition wall of the air chamber and simultaneously serves as a window, and the concave mirror is located in the second air chamber.
在一些示例中，所述第二准直聚焦单元包括对所述中红外激光谐振单元输出的中红外激光进行准直的第三凸透镜，和对所述第三凸透镜准直后的中红外激光进行聚焦的第四凸透镜；所述第三凸透镜和所述第四凸透镜共同设置于所述第一气室内或所述第二气室内；或者，所述第三凸透镜设置于所述第一气室内，所述第四凸透镜设置于所述第二气室内或所述气室分隔壁上同时作为窗口使用；或者，所述第三凸透镜设置于所述第一气室内或所述气室分隔壁上同时作为窗口使用，所述第四凸透镜设置于所述第二气室内。In some examples, the second collimating and focusing unit includes a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit, and a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light after the third convex lens a focusing fourth convex lens; the third convex lens and the fourth convex lens are jointly arranged in the first air chamber or the second air chamber; or, the third convex lens is arranged in the first air chamber, The fourth convex lens is disposed in the second air chamber or on the air chamber partition wall and simultaneously serves as a window; or, the third convex lens is disposed in the first air chamber or on the air chamber partition wall at the same time Used as a window, the fourth convex lens is arranged in the second air chamber.
在一些示例中，所述第一气室中存储的产生中红外激光增益的气体包括溴化氢、氯化氢、氟化氢、氮化碳、一氧化碳、氢气、一氧化氮、氮气、二硫化碳、氰化氢、水蒸气、一氧化二氮、氨气、二氧化碳中的任一种或多种的组合。In some examples, the mid-infrared laser gain-producing gas stored in the first gas chamber includes hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon nitride, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitric oxide, nitrogen, carbon disulfide, hydrogen cyanide, Any one or a combination of water vapor, nitrous oxide, ammonia, and carbon dioxide.
在一些示例中，所述太赫兹激光谐振单元包括棱镜、太赫兹空芯光纤和第二输出镜，所述第二输出镜密封设置于所述太赫兹空芯光纤输出端的端面，所述棱镜正对所述太赫兹空芯光纤输入端，且所述太赫兹空芯光纤输入端与所述棱镜之间具有能够使所述第二气体进出所述太赫兹空芯光纤的缝隙。In some examples, the terahertz laser resonator unit includes a prism, a terahertz hollow-core fiber, and a second output mirror, the second output mirror is sealed and disposed on the end face of the output end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and the prism is positive For the input end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and between the input end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber and the prism, there is a gap that enables the second gas to enter and exit the terahertz hollow-core fiber.
在一些示例中，所述棱镜包括将所述第二准直聚焦单元准直聚焦后的中红外激光反射进所述太赫兹空芯光纤内的第一表面，和将所述太赫兹空芯光纤内的太赫兹激光反射回所述太赫兹空芯光纤内的第二表面，所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间具有预设夹角。In some examples, the prism includes a first surface that reflects the mid-infrared laser light collimated and focused by the second collimation and focusing unit into the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and the terahertz hollow-core fiber The terahertz laser light inside is reflected back to the second surface in the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and there is a preset angle between the first surface and the second surface.
在一些示例中，所述第二气室中存储的产生太赫兹激光增益的气体包括甲醇、氟甲烷、一氧化碳、一氧化二氮、氨气、硫化羰、氰化氢、硫化氢、二氧化硫中的任一种或多种的组合。In some examples, the terahertz laser gain-generating gas stored in the second gas chamber includes methanol, fluoromethane, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, ammonia, carbonyl sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide. any one or a combination of more.
本发明具有如下优点：采用近红外激光器作为泵浦源，近红外激光器产生的近红外激光作为泵浦光注入到中红外激光谐振单元中，中红外激光谐振单元产生的中红外激光作为泵浦光，激发的太赫兹激光在太赫兹激光谐振单元中振荡输出，避免了使用气体激光器时体积大、使用固体激光器时功率较低的问题，具有结构紧凑、工艺简单的特点。The invention has the following advantages: the near-infrared laser is used as the pump source, the near-infrared laser generated by the near-infrared laser is injected into the mid-infrared laser resonator unit as the pump light, and the mid-infrared laser generated by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit is used as the pump light , the excited terahertz laser is oscillated and output in the terahertz laser resonance unit, which avoids the problems of large volume when using gas lasers and low power when using solid-state lasers, and has the characteristics of compact structure and simple process.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍。In order to describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
图1示出了本申请实施例提供的太赫兹光纤激光器框图。FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present application.
图2示出了本申请实施例提供的一种太赫兹光纤激光器结构示意图。FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present application.
图3示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种太赫兹光纤激光器结构示意图。FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of another terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present application.
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的太赫兹光纤激光器的棱镜结构示意图。FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the prism structure of the terahertz fiber laser provided by the embodiment of the present application.
图5示出了本申请实施例提供的太赫兹光纤激光器的太赫兹空芯光纤结构示意图。FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz hollow-core fiber of a terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的附图标记表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.
在本发明中，术语“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量，由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。In the present invention, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be two components Internal connectivity or interaction between two elements. The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated, thereby , the features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
图1为本申请实施例提供的太赫兹光纤激光器100框图；图2为本申请实施例提供的一种太赫兹光纤激光器结构示意图。如图1和图2所示，太赫兹光纤激光器100包括依次连接的近红外激光器110、第一准直聚焦单元120、中红外激光谐振单元130、第二准直聚焦单元140、太赫兹激光谐振单元150。近红外激光器110用于产生近红外激光。第一准直聚焦单元120用于对近红外激光器110发出的近红外激光进行准直与聚焦。中红外激光谐振单元130用于在经第一准直聚焦单元120准直与聚焦后的近红外激光进入后，产生并输出中红外激光。第二准直聚焦单元140用于对中红外激光谐振单元130输出的中红外激光进行准直与聚焦。太赫兹激光谐振单元150用于在经第二准直聚焦单元140准直与聚焦后的中红外激光进入后，产生并输出太赫兹激光。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a terahertz fiber laser 100 provided by an embodiment of the application; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the terahertz fiber laser 100 includes a near-infrared laser 110 , a first collimation focusing unit 120 , a mid-infrared laser resonating unit 130 , a second collimating focusing unit 140 , and a terahertz laser resonator connected in sequence. unit 150. The near-infrared laser 110 is used to generate near-infrared laser light. The first collimating and focusing unit 120 is used for collimating and focusing the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser 110 . The mid-infrared laser resonance unit 130 is configured to generate and output mid-infrared laser light after the near-infrared laser light collimated and focused by the first collimation and focusing unit 120 enters. The second collimating and focusing unit 140 is used for collimating and focusing the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130 . The terahertz laser resonance unit 150 is used for generating and outputting the terahertz laser light after the mid-infrared laser light collimated and focused by the second collimating and focusing unit 140 enters.
参考图2，中红外激光谐振单元130的输出端、第二准直聚焦单元140、太赫兹激光谐振单元150的输入端均设置于气室170内。气室170包括用于容纳第一气体的第一气室171和用于容纳第二气体的第二气室172，第一气室171和第二气室172之间设置有气室分隔壁173，中红外激光谐振单元130的输出端设置于第一气室171内，太赫兹激光谐振单元150的输入端设置于第二气室172内。Referring to FIG. 2 , the output end of the mid-infrared laser resonance unit 130 , the second collimation focusing unit 140 , and the input end of the terahertz laser resonance unit 150 are all disposed in the gas chamber 170 . The gas chamber 170 includes a first gas chamber 171 for accommodating a first gas and a second gas chamber 172 for accommodating a second gas, and a gas chamber partition wall 173 is provided between the first gas chamber 171 and the second gas chamber 172 , the output end of the mid-infrared laser resonance unit 130 is arranged in the first gas chamber 171 , and the input end of the terahertz laser resonance unit 150 is arranged in the second gas chamber 172 .
近红外激光器110包括近红外波段可调谐激光器。The near-infrared laser 110 includes a near-infrared band tunable laser.
第一准直聚焦单元120包括第一凸透镜121和第二凸透镜122。第一凸透镜121设置于 靠近近红外激光器110的一侧，用于对近红外激光器110发出的近红外激光进行准直。第二凸透镜122设置于靠近中红外激光谐振单元130的一侧，用于对经第一凸透镜121准直后的近红外激光进行聚焦。第一凸透镜121和第二凸透镜122均设置有近红外增透膜。The first collimating and focusing unit 120 includes a first convex lens 121 and a second convex lens 122 . The first convex lens 121 is disposed on the side close to the near-infrared laser 110, and is used for collimating the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser 110. The second convex lens 122 is disposed on the side close to the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130 , and is used for focusing the near-infrared laser light collimated by the first convex lens 121 . Both the first convex lens 121 and the second convex lens 122 are provided with a near-infrared antireflection film.
红外激光谐振单元130包括端镜131、能够容纳所述第一气体的中红外空芯光纤132和第一输出镜133，端镜131密封设置于中红外空芯光纤132输入端的端面，中红外空芯光纤132与第一输出镜133之间具有缝隙。The infrared laser resonance unit 130 includes an end mirror 131, a mid-infrared hollow core fiber 132 capable of accommodating the first gas, and a first output mirror 133. The end mirror 131 is sealed and arranged on the end face of the input end of the mid-infrared hollow core fiber 132. There is a gap between the core fiber 132 and the first output mirror 133 .
端镜131靠近第一准直聚焦单元120的一侧设置有近红外增透膜；端镜131靠近中红外空芯光纤132的一侧设置有中红外高反膜，和位于该中红外高反膜与端镜131之间的近红外增透膜，以使端镜131具有近红外波段高透过率和中红外波段高反射率，其中透过率和反射率均大于95％，优选大于99％。端镜131以封帽结构镶嵌在中红外空芯光纤132的输入端的端面，与中红外空芯光纤132形成封闭结构。中红外空芯光纤132的输出端通过光纤适配器(图未示)封装在第一气室171内。The side of the end mirror 131 close to the first collimation focusing unit 120 is provided with a near-infrared antireflection film; the side of the end mirror 131 close to the mid-infrared hollow core fiber 132 is provided with a mid-infrared high-reflection film, and a mid-infrared high-reflection film is disposed on the side of the end mirror 131 close to the mid-infrared hollow core fiber 132 . The near-infrared antireflection film between the film and the end mirror 131, so that the end mirror 131 has high transmittance in the near-infrared band and high reflectance in the mid-infrared band, wherein the transmittance and reflectance are both greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99% %. The end mirror 131 is inlaid on the end face of the input end of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 in a capping structure, and forms a closed structure with the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 . The output end of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 is encapsulated in the first air chamber 171 through an optical fiber adapter (not shown).
第一输出镜133靠近中红外空芯光纤132的一侧设置有近红外高反膜，和对中红外激光具有一定透过率与反射率的介质膜，所述介质膜设置于所述近红外高反膜和第一输出镜133之间。所述近红外高反膜的反射率大于95％，优选大于99％；所述介质膜的透过率和反射率可以根据需求选取，例如透过率可以为50％。第一输出镜133靠近第二准直聚焦单元140的一侧设置有中红外增透膜。第一输出镜133对近红外波段表现高反射率，对中红外波段表现一定透过率与反射率。The side of the first output mirror 133 close to the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 is provided with a near-infrared high-reflection film, and a dielectric film with a certain transmittance and reflectivity for mid-infrared laser light, and the dielectric film is disposed on the near-infrared laser. between the high-reflection film and the first output mirror 133 . The reflectivity of the near-infrared high-reflection film is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%; the transmittance and reflectivity of the dielectric film can be selected according to requirements, for example, the transmittance can be 50%. A mid-infrared antireflection coating is provided on the side of the first output mirror 133 close to the second collimating and focusing unit 140 . The first output mirror 133 exhibits high reflectivity in the near-infrared band, and exhibits a certain transmittance and reflectivity in the mid-infrared band.
气室分隔壁173的两侧均设置有中红外增透膜，使气室分隔壁173在中红外波段表现高透过率，透过率大于95％，优选大于99％。用于产生中红外激光增益的所述第一气体包括溴化氢、氯化氢、氟化氢、氮化碳、一氧化碳、氢气、一氧化氮、氮气、二硫化碳、氰化氢、水蒸气、一氧化二氮、氨气、二氧化碳中的任一种或多种的组合。可以理解的是，不同气体发出的光不同，且不同气体在不同的波段内表现出的发光强度也不同，为将中红外激光谐振单元130产生的中红外激光功率最大化，可以根据需求选取不同的所述第一气体进行匹配。中红外空芯光纤132与第一气室171的气压一致，所述第一气体能够通过设置在第一气室171中的第一输出镜133与中红外空芯光纤132之间的缝隙，由第一气室171进入中红外空芯光纤132内部或由中红外空芯光纤132内部排出至第一气室171。Both sides of the air chamber partition wall 173 are provided with mid-infrared antireflection films, so that the air chamber partition wall 173 exhibits high transmittance in the mid-infrared band, and the transmittance is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%. The first gas for generating mid-infrared laser gain includes hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon nitride, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitric oxide, nitrogen, carbon disulfide, hydrogen cyanide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, Any one or a combination of ammonia and carbon dioxide. It can be understood that the light emitted by different gases is different, and the luminous intensity exhibited by different gases in different wavelength bands is also different. In order to maximize the mid-infrared laser power generated by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130, different gases can be selected according to requirements. of the first gas to be matched. The air pressure of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 is consistent with the air pressure of the first air chamber 171, and the first gas can pass through the gap between the first output mirror 133 disposed in the first air chamber 171 and the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132, and is formed by The first air chamber 171 enters into the interior of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 or is discharged from the interior of the mid-infrared hollow-core optical fiber 132 to the first air chamber 171 .
第一气室171设置有第一进气口161和第一出气口162，第二气室172设置有第二进气口163和第二出气口164，第一进气口161、第一出气口162、第二进气口163和第二出气口164均设置有控制阀，第一进气口161和第一出气口162分别用于对第一气室171充气和放 气，第二进气口163和所述第二出气口164分别用于对所述第二气室172充气和放气。The first air chamber 171 is provided with a first air inlet 161 and a first air outlet 162, the second air chamber 172 is provided with a second air inlet 163 and a second air outlet 164, the first air inlet 161, the first outlet The air port 162, the second air inlet 163 and the second air outlet 164 are all provided with control valves. The first air inlet 161 and the first air outlet 162 are respectively used to inflate and deflate the first air chamber 171, and the second air inlet The air port 163 and the second air outlet 164 are used to inflate and deflate the second air chamber 172, respectively.
第二准直聚焦单元140包括第三凸透镜141和凹面镜142，第三凸透镜141用于对中红外激光谐振单元130输出的中红外激光进行准直，凹面镜142用于对经第三凸透镜141准直后的中红外激光进行反射并聚焦，第三凸透镜141位于第一气室171内，凹面镜142位于第二气室172内。第三凸透镜141上设置有中红外增透膜，使第三凸透镜141在中红外波段表现高透过率，透过率大于95％，优选大于99％。凹面镜142上设置有中红外高反膜，使凹面镜142在中红外波段表现高反射率，反射率大于95％，优选大于99％。The second collimating and focusing unit 140 includes a third convex lens 141 and a concave mirror 142 . The third convex lens 141 is used for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output from the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130 , and the concave mirror 142 is used for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonator unit 130 , and the concave mirror 142 is used for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the third convex lens 141 The collimated mid-infrared laser is reflected and focused, the third convex lens 141 is located in the first air chamber 171 , and the concave mirror 142 is located in the second air chamber 172 . The third convex lens 141 is provided with a mid-infrared antireflection film, so that the third convex lens 141 exhibits high transmittance in the mid-infrared band, and the transmittance is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%. The concave mirror 142 is provided with a mid-infrared high-reflection film, so that the concave mirror 142 exhibits high reflectivity in the mid-infrared band, and the reflectivity is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%.
第二准直聚焦单元140还可以有其他的设置形式，具体参考图3，第二准直聚焦单元140包括第三凸透镜141和第四凸透镜143，第三凸透镜141用于对中红外激光谐振单元130输出的中红外激光进行准直，第四凸透镜143用于对经第三凸透镜141准直后的中红外激光聚焦。第三凸透镜141和第四凸透镜143可以共同设置于第一气室171内，也可以共同设置于第二气室172内，还可以分开设置，即第三凸透镜141设置于第一气室171内，第四凸透镜143设置于所述第二气室172内。此外，第三凸透镜141还可以放到中间的气室分隔壁173上，同时作为窗口使用。同理，第四凸透镜143也可以放到中间的气室分隔壁173上，同时作为窗口使用。第三凸透镜141和第四凸透镜143均设置有中红外增透膜，使第三凸透镜141和第四凸透镜143在中红外波段表现高透过率，透过率大于95％，优选大于99％。The second collimating and focusing unit 140 may also have other setting forms. With reference to FIG. 3 , the second collimating and focusing unit 140 includes a third convex lens 141 and a fourth convex lens 143, and the third convex lens 141 is used to align the mid-infrared laser resonator unit. The mid-infrared laser light output by 130 is collimated, and the fourth convex lens 143 is used for focusing the mid-infrared laser light collimated by the third convex lens 141 . The third convex lens 141 and the fourth convex lens 143 can be disposed together in the first air chamber 171 , can also be disposed together in the second air chamber 172 , or can be disposed separately, that is, the third convex lens 141 is disposed in the first air chamber 171 , the fourth convex lens 143 is arranged in the second air chamber 172 . In addition, the third convex lens 141 can also be placed on the middle air chamber partition wall 173 and used as a window at the same time. Similarly, the fourth convex lens 143 can also be placed on the air chamber partition wall 173 in the middle and used as a window at the same time. Both the third convex lens 141 and the fourth convex lens 143 are provided with a mid-infrared antireflection coating, so that the third convex lens 141 and the fourth convex lens 143 have high transmittance in the mid-infrared band, and the transmittance is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%.
太赫兹激光谐振单元150包括棱镜151、太赫兹空芯光纤152和第二输出镜153，太赫兹空芯光纤152与棱镜151之间具有缝隙，太赫兹空芯光纤152能够容纳所述第二气体，第二输出镜153密封设置于太赫兹空芯光纤152的输出端的端面。The terahertz laser resonance unit 150 includes a prism 151, a terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 and a second output mirror 153. There is a gap between the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 and the prism 151, and the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 can accommodate the second gas , the second output mirror 153 is sealed and arranged on the end face of the output end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 .
如图4所示，棱镜151包括第一表面151a和第二表面151b，第一表面151a和第二表面151b之间具有预设夹角，第一表面151a设置有中红外高反膜151c和太赫兹增透膜151e，中红外高反膜151c设置于第一表面151a和太赫兹增透膜151e之间，第二表面151b设置有太赫兹高反膜151d，使得中红外激光经第一表面151a反射后进入太赫兹空芯光纤152内，太赫兹空芯光纤152内的太赫兹激光经第二表面151b反射回太赫兹空芯光纤152内。棱镜151通过石英介质或者聚合物介质加工制成。通过棱镜151表面反射的方式，将中红外激光注入至太赫兹空芯光纤152中，能够降低中红外激光的损耗，并提高光光转换效率。As shown in FIG. 4 , the prism 151 includes a first surface 151a and a second surface 151b, there is a preset angle between the first surface 151a and the second surface 151b, and the first surface 151a is provided with a mid-infrared high-reflection film 151c and a solar Hertz anti-reflection film 151e, mid-infrared high-reflection film 151c are arranged between the first surface 151a and the terahertz anti-reflection film 151e, and the second surface 151b is provided with a terahertz high-reflection film 151d, so that the mid-infrared laser passes through the first surface 151a After being reflected, it enters the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152, and the terahertz laser light in the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 is reflected back into the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 through the second surface 151b. The prism 151 is fabricated by processing a quartz medium or a polymer medium. The mid-infrared laser light is injected into the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 by means of the surface reflection of the prism 151 , which can reduce the loss of the mid-infrared laser light and improve the light-to-optical conversion efficiency.
太赫兹空芯光纤152的输入端通过光纤适配器(图未示)封装在第二气室172内。太赫兹空芯光纤152包括由聚碳酸酯和石英玻璃管制作的空芯波导。如图5所示，太赫兹空芯光纤152内壁镀有的膜层152a，膜层152a的厚度为0.5～0.7um，太赫兹空芯光纤152的管径范围为1～10mm。太赫兹空芯光纤152与所述第二气室172的气压一致，所述第二气体通过设 置在第二气室172中的棱镜151与太赫兹空芯光纤152之间的缝隙，由第二气室172进入太赫兹空芯光纤152内部或由太赫兹空芯光纤152内部排出至第二气室172。The input end of the terahertz hollow-core optical fiber 152 is encapsulated in the second air chamber 172 through an optical fiber adapter (not shown). The terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 includes a hollow-core waveguide made of polycarbonate and quartz glass tubes. As shown in FIG. 5 , the inner wall of the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 is coated with a film layer 152a, the thickness of the film layer 152a is 0.5-0.7um, and the tube diameter of the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 is 1-10mm. The air pressure of the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 is consistent with the second gas chamber 172, and the second gas passes through the gap between the prism 151 arranged in the second gas chamber 172 and the terahertz hollow core fiber 152, and is transported by the second gas chamber 172. The air chamber 172 enters the interior of the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 or is discharged from the interior of the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 to the second air chamber 172 .
第二输出镜153靠近太赫兹空芯光纤152的一侧设置有太赫兹增透膜和中红外高反膜；第二输出镜153背离太赫兹空芯光纤152的一侧，即第二输出镜153的输出面设置有太赫兹增透膜，使第二输出镜153在中红外波段表现高反射率，反射率大于95％，优选大于99％；在太赫兹波段表现一定透过率和反射率，透过率和反射率可以根据需求选取，例如透过率可以为50％。第二输出镜153通过封帽形式镶嵌在太赫兹空芯光纤152的输出端的端面，与太赫兹空芯光纤152形成封闭结构。The side of the second output mirror 153 close to the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 is provided with a terahertz antireflection coating and a mid-infrared high-reflection coating; the side of the second output mirror 153 facing away from the terahertz hollow core fiber 152 is the second output mirror The output surface of 153 is provided with a terahertz anti-reflection coating, so that the second output mirror 153 exhibits high reflectivity in the mid-infrared band, and the reflectivity is greater than 95%, preferably greater than 99%; it exhibits a certain transmittance and reflectivity in the terahertz band , the transmittance and reflectivity can be selected according to requirements, for example, the transmittance can be 50%. The second output mirror 153 is inlaid on the end face of the output end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 in the form of a cap, and forms a closed structure with the terahertz hollow-core fiber 152 .
用于产生太赫兹激光增益的所述第二气体包括甲醇、氟甲烷、一氧化碳、一氧化二氮、氨气、硫化羰、氰化氢、硫化氢、二氧化硫中的任一种或多种组合。同样的，可以根据需求选取不同的所述第二气体。The second gas for generating terahertz laser gain includes any one or a combination of methanol, fluoromethane, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, ammonia, carbonyl sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide. Likewise, different kinds of the second gas can be selected according to requirements.
本发明的太赫兹光纤激光器，采用近红外激光器作为泵浦源，近红外激光器产生的近红外激光作为泵浦光注入到中红外激光谐振单元中，中红外激光谐振单元产生的中红外激光作为泵浦光，激发的太赫兹激光在太赫兹激光谐振单元中振荡输出，避免了使用气体激光器时体积大、使用固体激光器时功率较低的问题，具有结构紧凑、工艺简单的特点。The terahertz fiber laser of the present invention adopts a near-infrared laser as a pump source, the near-infrared laser generated by the near-infrared laser is injected into the mid-infrared laser resonance unit as a pump light, and the mid-infrared laser generated by the mid-infrared laser resonance unit is used as a pump. Puguang, the excited terahertz laser is oscillated and output in the terahertz laser resonance unit, which avoids the problems of large volume when using gas lasers and low power when using solid-state lasers, and has the characteristics of compact structure and simple process.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，包括：A terahertz fiber laser, comprising:
    近红外激光器；near-infrared lasers;
    第一准直聚焦单元，对所述近红外激光器发出的近红外激光进行准直与聚焦；a first collimating and focusing unit, for collimating and focusing the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser;
    中红外激光谐振单元，所述第一准直聚焦单元准直与聚焦后的近红外激光输入到所述中红外激光谐振单元，所述中红外激光谐振单元产生并输出中红外激光；a mid-infrared laser resonator unit, the near-infrared laser collimated and focused by the first collimation and focusing unit is input to the mid-infrared laser resonator unit, and the mid-infrared laser resonator unit generates and outputs mid-infrared laser light;
    第二准直聚焦单元，对所述中红外激光谐振单元输出的中红外激光进行准直与聚焦；a second collimating and focusing unit, for collimating and focusing the mid-infrared laser output from the mid-infrared laser resonance unit;
    太赫兹激光谐振单元，所述第二准直聚焦单元准直与聚焦后的中红外激光输入到所述太赫兹激光谐振单元，所述太赫兹激光谐振单元产生并输出太赫兹激光；a terahertz laser resonance unit, the mid-infrared laser collimated and focused by the second collimation and focusing unit is input to the terahertz laser resonance unit, and the terahertz laser resonance unit generates and outputs a terahertz laser;
    气室，所述第二准直聚焦单元设置于所述气室内，所述气室包括储存产生中红外激光增益气体的第一气室，以及储存产生太赫兹激光增益气体的第二气室，所述第一气室和所述第二气室之间设置有气室分隔壁，所述中红外激光谐振单元的输出端设置于所述第一气室内，所述太赫兹激光谐振单元的输入端设置于所述第二气室内。an air chamber, wherein the second collimation and focusing unit is arranged in the air chamber, the air chamber includes a first air chamber for storing and generating mid-infrared laser gain gas, and a second air chamber for storing and generating terahertz laser gain gas, An air chamber partition wall is arranged between the first air chamber and the second air chamber, the output end of the mid-infrared laser resonance unit is set in the first air chamber, and the input of the terahertz laser resonance unit is The end is arranged in the second air chamber.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述第一准直聚焦单元包括对所述近红外激光器发出的近红外激光进行准直的第一凸透镜，和对所述第一凸透镜准直后的近红外激光进行聚焦的第二凸透镜，所述第一凸透镜设置于靠近所述近红外激光器的一侧，所述第二凸透镜设置于靠近所述中红外激光谐振单元的一侧。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the first collimating and focusing unit comprises a first convex lens for collimating the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser, and a first convex lens for collimating the near-infrared laser light emitted by the near-infrared laser A second convex lens for focusing the near-infrared laser after collimated by the convex lens, the first convex lens is disposed on the side close to the near-infrared laser, and the second convex lens is disposed on the side close to the mid-infrared laser resonance unit .
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述中红外激光谐振单元包括端镜、中红外空芯光纤和第一输出镜，所述端镜密封设置于所述中红外空芯光纤输入端的端面，所述第一输出镜正对所述中红外空芯光纤输出端，且所述中红外空芯光纤输出端与所述第一输出镜之间具有能够使所述第一气体进出所述中红外空芯光纤的缝隙。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the mid-infrared laser resonator unit comprises an end mirror, a mid-infrared hollow-core fiber and a first output mirror, and the end mirror is sealed and arranged in the mid-infrared space. The end face of the input end of the core fiber, the first output mirror is facing the output end of the mid-infrared hollow-core fiber, and there is a space between the output end of the mid-infrared hollow-core fiber and the first output mirror that can make the first output mirror The gas enters and exits the gap of the mid-infrared hollow core fiber.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述第一气室设置有第一进气口和第一出气口，所述第二气室设置有第二进气口和第二出气口，所述第一进气口、所述第一出气口、所述第二进气口和所述第二出气口设置有控制阀。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the first air chamber is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, and the second air chamber is provided with a second air inlet and a first air outlet. Two air outlets, the first air inlet, the first air outlet, the second air inlet and the second air outlet are provided with control valves.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述第二准直聚焦单元包括对所述中红外激光谐振单元输出的中红外激光进行准直的第三凸透镜，和对所述第三凸透镜准直后的中红外激光进行反射与聚焦的凹面镜，所述第三凸透镜位于所述第一气室内或者所述气室分隔壁上同时作为窗口使用，所述凹面镜位于所述第二气室内。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the second collimating and focusing unit comprises a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonating unit, and A concave mirror for reflecting and focusing the mid-infrared laser light collimated by a third convex lens, the third convex lens is located in the first air chamber or on the partition wall of the air chamber and used as a window at the same time, and the concave mirror is located in the In the second air chamber.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述第二准直聚焦单元包括对所述中红外激光谐振单元输出的中红外激光进行准直的第三凸透镜，和对所述第三凸透镜准直后的中红外激光进行聚焦的第四凸透镜；所述第三凸透镜和所述第四凸透镜共同设置于 所述第一气室内或所述第二气室内；或者，所述第三凸透镜设置于所述第一气室内，所述第四凸透镜设置于所述第二气室内或所述气室分隔壁上同时作为窗口使用；或者，所述第三凸透镜设置于所述第一气室内或所述气室分隔壁上同时作为窗口使用，所述第四凸透镜设置于所述第二气室内。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the second collimating and focusing unit comprises a third convex lens for collimating the mid-infrared laser light output by the mid-infrared laser resonating unit, and A fourth convex lens for focusing the mid-infrared laser after collimated by the third convex lens; the third convex lens and the fourth convex lens are jointly arranged in the first air chamber or the second air chamber; The tri-convex lens is arranged in the first air chamber, and the fourth convex lens is arranged in the second air chamber or on the partition wall of the air chamber and simultaneously serves as a window; or, the third convex lens is arranged in the first air chamber The air chamber or the air chamber partition wall is simultaneously used as a window, and the fourth convex lens is arranged in the second air chamber.
  7. 根据权利要求1或3所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述第一气室中存储的产生中红外激光增益的气体包括溴化氢、氯化氢、氟化氢、氮化碳、一氧化碳、氢气、一氧化氮、氮气、二硫化碳、氰化氢、水蒸气、一氧化二氮、氨气、二氧化碳中的任一种或多种的组合。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the gas for generating mid-infrared laser gain stored in the first gas chamber comprises hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, carbon nitride, carbon monoxide, hydrogen , nitric oxide, nitrogen, carbon disulfide, hydrogen cyanide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, ammonia, carbon dioxide, any one or a combination of more.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述太赫兹激光谐振单元包括棱镜、太赫兹空芯光纤和第二输出镜，所述第二输出镜密封设置于所述太赫兹空芯光纤输出端的端面，所述棱镜正对所述太赫兹空芯光纤输入端，且所述太赫兹空芯光纤输入端与所述棱镜之间具有能够使所述第二气体进出所述太赫兹空芯光纤的缝隙。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the terahertz laser resonator unit comprises a prism, a terahertz hollow-core fiber and a second output mirror, and the second output mirror is sealed and arranged on the terahertz The end face of the output end of the hollow-core fiber, the prism is facing the input end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and there is a space between the input end of the terahertz hollow-core fiber and the prism that enables the second gas to enter and exit the terahertz fiber. Gap in Hertz hollow-core fiber.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述棱镜包括将所述第二准直聚焦单元准直聚焦后的中红外激光反射进所述太赫兹空芯光纤内的第一表面，和将所述太赫兹空芯光纤内的太赫兹激光反射回所述太赫兹空芯光纤内的第二表面，所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间具有预设夹角。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 8, wherein the prism comprises a first collimated and focused mid-infrared laser reflected by the second collimation and focusing unit into the terahertz hollow-core fiber a surface, and a second surface for reflecting the terahertz laser light in the terahertz hollow-core fiber back into the terahertz hollow-core fiber, and a preset angle is formed between the first surface and the second surface.
  10. 根据权利要求1或8所述的太赫兹光纤激光器，其特征在于，所述第二气室中存储的产生太赫兹激光增益的气体包括甲醇、氟甲烷、一氧化碳、一氧化二氮、氨气、硫化羰、氰化氢、硫化氢、二氧化硫中的任一种或多种的组合。The terahertz fiber laser according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the gas for generating the terahertz laser gain stored in the second gas chamber comprises methanol, fluoromethane, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, ammonia, Any one or a combination of carbonyl sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide.
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