WO2022143073A1 - 一种介电膜层、制备方法及应用 - Google Patents

一种介电膜层、制备方法及应用 Download PDF

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WO2022143073A1
WO2022143073A1 PCT/CN2021/136717 CN2021136717W WO2022143073A1 WO 2022143073 A1 WO2022143073 A1 WO 2022143073A1 CN 2021136717 W CN2021136717 W CN 2021136717W WO 2022143073 A1 WO2022143073 A1 WO 2022143073A1
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electrode
particles
substrate
film layer
pressure
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PCT/CN2021/136717
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡忠营
邱雨
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瑞态常州高分子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022143073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143073A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0414—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/045—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04103—Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04105—Pressure sensors for measuring the pressure or force exerted on the touch surface without providing the touch position

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a dielectric film layer, a preparation method and an application.
  • a touch panel is an input device that allows a user to input information through physical contact with the panel device.
  • Touch panels are commonly used as input devices for various products such as home appliances, televisions, notebook computers and monitors, and portable electronic devices such as notebook computers, e-books, portable multimedia players, GPS navigation units, ultra-mobile computers, Smartphones, smart watches, tablet computers, and mobile communication terminals.
  • touch panels can sense input when they are capacitively connected to a conductive touch tool, such as a user's finger, through a conductive object within the sensor. And record the position of the sensing point on the two-dimensional plane (ie, on the x-y plane) by detecting the capacitance change at the sensing point.
  • the conventional touch panel cannot detect the magnitude of the user's pressing force (ie, the sensing input in the z-axis direction).
  • Conventional resistive pressure sensors are generally not touch sensitive. The user needs to exert a lot of pressure to activate the sensor, resulting in a poor user experience.
  • the most commonly used technique for multi-touch systems is the projected capacitive method.
  • the projected capacitive method has some significant limitations. For example, it cannot detect touch input from non-conductive objects such as plastic pens.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a dielectric film layer, which is deformed under pressure and causes a change in resistance value, and when the pressure disappears, the shape and resistance return to the original form, and are pressure sensitive.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a dielectric film layer, comprising an elastic dielectric body, conductive first particles and second particles; the first particles and the second particles are respectively uniformly embedded in the elastic dielectric layer.
  • the upper side and the lower side of the body; the first particle and the second particle are arranged coaxially in the vertical direction with a gap in the middle; the upper end surface of the first particle is at the same height as the upper side surface of the elastic dielectric body; the lower end surface of the second particle It is at the same height as the lower end surface of the elastic dielectric body.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a dielectric film layer, the preparation process of the invention is simple, and a pressure-sensitive dielectric film layer is obtained.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is: a preparation method of a dielectric film layer, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Coating conductive materials on the synthetic substrate respectively to form an upper conductive film and a lower conductive film;
  • Step 2 respectively patterning the upper conductive film and the lower conductive film to obtain the first particles and the second particles;
  • Step 3 connecting the two synthetic substrates together with a connector, and forming a gap between the synthetic substrates; the two sides of the first particle and the second particle are opposite to each other on the synthetic substrate;
  • Step 4 The liquid precursor mixture is poured into the gap formed by the synthetic substrate, and the target dielectric film layer is obtained by in-situ polymerization by heating or irradiating ultraviolet light.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a dielectric film layer, the preparation process of the invention is simple, and a pressure-sensitive dielectric film layer is obtained.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is: a preparation method of a dielectric film layer, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 printing the first particles and the second particles on two synthetic substrates respectively;
  • Step 2 connecting the two synthetic substrates together with a connector, and forming a gap between the synthetic substrates; the two sides of the first particle and the second particle are opposite to each other on the synthetic substrate;
  • Step 3 The liquid precursor mixture is poured into the gap formed by the synthetic substrate, and the target dielectric film layer is obtained by in-situ polymerization by heating or irradiating ultraviolet light.
  • the fourth object of the present invention is to provide a resistive pressure sensor with a sandwich structure, which is pressure sensitive and accurate in pressure sensing.
  • a resistive pressure sensor with a sandwich structure comprising a pressure substrate and a support substrate arranged in parallel; a first electrode is provided on the side of the pressure substrate facing the support substrate , the side of the support substrate facing the pressure substrate is provided with a second electrode; the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively electrically connected to the external test resistance circuit;
  • the first electrode and the second electrode there is the dielectric film layer of the present invention; the first electrode and the second electrode are in electrical contact with the first particles and the second particles on the same side respectively.
  • the first electrode strip-shaped insulating spacer is arranged on the pressure substrate; the second electrode strip-shaped insulating spacer is arranged on the supporting substrate; the first electrode and the second electrode are orthogonally arranged; The mutually overlapping regions form a pressure-sensitive unit.
  • the width of the first electrode or the second electrode is 1 mm to 10 mm, and the thickness is not more than 200 nm.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode are oriented orthogonally. When no external force is applied, the first particles and the second particles have insulating gaps between each other, and the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is infinite.
  • the resistive pressure sensor device of the present invention can also be configured in electronic systems with conventional multi-touch detection hardware and software to detect and process multiple touches occurring at different locations at the same time and separately applied pressure.
  • the present invention realizes accurate positioning of multiple contact points through the orthogonal arrangement of the strip-shaped first electrode and the strip-shaped second electrode. It is further preferable that the width of the insulating gap between the first electrode and the second electrode is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • a first conductive film is provided between the first electrode and the first particles; a second conductive film is provided between the second electrode and the second particles.
  • the charge conduction between the conductive first electrodes, the first particles, the second particles and the second electrodes is enhanced through the first conductive film and the second conductive film, which is beneficial to improve the reliability of the present invention.
  • supports are evenly distributed in the dielectric film layer, and the supports are located at four corners or four sides of the pressure-sensitive unit.
  • the present invention improves the sensitivity of the detection of the pressure-sensitive unit through the support.
  • the support is cylindrical, the diameter of the support is 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm, and the height is 0.03 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the pressure substrate is optically transparent.
  • the present invention can be applied to panels or systems with light transmittance requirements.
  • the pressure substrate is coated with an optically transparent protective coating, which ensures that the present invention has a lasting and stable light transmittance.
  • the conductive first particles and second particles of the dielectric film of the present invention are independent channels extending in the z-axis direction, and an insulating gap exists between the corresponding first particles and the second particles;
  • the first particles and the second particles with conductive channels corresponding to the top and bottom are not in contact with each other and insulated from each other, and the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is infinite;
  • the conductive channels in some of the first particles and the second particles are connected to each other, and a closed loop is formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, which can be detected. a certain resistance;
  • the pressure detection upper limit of the resistance pressure sensor with the sandwich structure in the present invention is less than 15N, and the pressure is sensitive;
  • the resistive pressure sensor of the present invention can also be configured in electronic systems with conventional multi-touch detection hardware and software to detect and process multiple touches occurring at different locations at the same time and separately applied pressure, resistive pressure sensor devices are optically transparent, allowing integration with visual display devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistive pressure sensor according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the R-F curve of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of realizing multi-touch according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • pressure substrate 1 support substrate 2; first electrode 3; second electrode 4; dielectric film layer 5; first particles 51; second particles 52; elastic dielectric body 53; support 54; protective coating 8.
  • This embodiment discloses a dielectric film layer and a preparation method thereof.
  • the specific preparation method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 First, a conductive material is respectively coated on the synthetic substrate to form an upper conductive film and a lower conductive film.
  • the preparation process of the conductive film includes but is not limited to slot-die coating, spray coating, Meyerrod coating, blade coating, screen printing, ink jet printing (ink-jetprinting), transfer printing (stamping).
  • step 2 the upper and lower conductive films are patterned respectively to obtain the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 .
  • the patterning of the conductive film can be achieved by, but not limited to, photolithography, laser ablation, and other processes.
  • the conductive channels thus obtained are of equal height in the z-axis direction, and the cross-section in the x-y plane can be patterned into different areas or shapes according to requirements.
  • Step 3 Connect the two synthetic substrates together with a connector, and form a gap between the synthetic substrates.
  • Step 4 The side with the conductive channel on the synthetic substrate is opposite, and then the liquid precursor mixture is poured into the gap formed by the synthetic substrate, and the dielectric film layer 5 is obtained by in-situ polymerization by heating or UV.
  • the resulting dielectric film layer can be peeled off the composite substrate and assembled into a resistive pressure sensor with a sandwich structure.
  • the dielectric film layer 5 in this embodiment includes an elastic dielectric body 53, conductive first particles 51 and second particles 52; the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 are embedded uniformly and at equal depths respectively.
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 are arranged coaxially in the vertical direction with a gap in the middle; the upper end surface of the first particle 51 and the upper side surface of the elastic dielectric body 53 are at The same height; the lower end surface of the second particles 52 and the lower end surface of the elastic dielectric body 53 are at the same height.
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 are composed of conductive materials, which may include but are not limited to indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), poly(3,4) - ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal nanoparticles, metal nanowires (eg silver nanowires (AgNW)), metal nanomesh Lattice, metal mesh, conducting polymer nanoparticles, conducting polymer nanoporous network or mixtures thereof.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • IZO indium zinc oxide
  • ITZO indium tin zinc oxide
  • PEDOT:PSS poly(3,4) - ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate
  • carbon nanoparticles carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal nanoparticles, metal nanowires (
  • the elastic dielectric body 53 is composed of an elastic dielectric polymer material, which may include, but is not limited to, acrylic based polymers, polyurethane or silicone.
  • the polymer is polymerized from a polymerizable liquid precursor mixture, wherein the polymerizable liquid precursor mixture includes one or more polymerizable monomers, one or more crosslinking agents, and an initiator.
  • the applied monomers and crosslinkers can be liquid molecules such as acrylates, methacrylates, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, styrene, methylstyrene, various epoxy resins or a mixture thereof.
  • the polymerizable monomer contains one polymerizable functional group; the crosslinking agent may contain two or more polymerizable functional groups.
  • the storage modulus of the final polymer can be controlled by controlling the specific gravity of the monomer and crosslinker in the precursor mixture. The lower the specific gravity of the crosslinker, the lower the storage modulus of the polymer.
  • the polymerizable precursor also includes a plasticizer for controlling the storage modulus of the final polymer.
  • the plasticizer can be a soft linear oligomer without functional groups, such as siloxanes, alkyls, etc.; it can also be a non-volatile liquid, such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, silicone oil or mineral oil.
  • the modulus of the elastic dielectric polymer can be controlled locally. For example, by 3D printing or injection, different formulations or different types of precursor mixtures are applied to different regions and polymerized to obtain elastic dielectric bodies 53 with different modulus distributions.
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 are printed on a synthetic substrate.
  • This embodiment discloses a resistive pressure sensor with a sandwich structure. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , it includes a pressure substrate 1 and a support substrate 2 that are arranged in parallel.
  • the pressure substrate 1 is provided on the side facing the support substrate 2
  • a dielectric film layer 5 is filled between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4;
  • the dielectric film layer 5 includes first particles 51 on the side of the first electrode 3 and second particles on the side of the second electrode 4 52, the first particle 51 and the second particle 52 have conductive channels and are evenly disposed opposite to each other; the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 are respectively in electrical contact with the first particle 51 and the second particle 52 on the same side; the first particle An elastic dielectric body 53 is filled between the 51 and the second particles 52 .
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 with conductive channels corresponding to the top and bottom are not in contact with each other and insulated from each other, and the detectable difference between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4
  • the resistance is infinite; under the action of force (for example, the user presses the pressure receiving plate with a finger), some conductive channels are connected to each other, and a closed loop is formed between the first electrode layer 3 and the second electrode layer 4, and a certain resistance can be detected; The greater the applied force, the upper and lower conduction at the pressing position one after another. Due to the increase in the number of conducting conductive channels, the detectable resistance between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 is reduced, thereby achieving pressure sensitivity and accurate pressure sensing. , as shown in FIG. 4 , the upper limit of the pressure in this embodiment is less than 15N, and the pressure is sensitive. As shown in FIG. 5 , this embodiment can be used to implement multi-touch.
  • the first electrodes 3 are provided on the pressure substrate 1 with strip-shaped insulating intervals; the second electrodes 4 are provided on the support substrate 2 with strip-shaped insulating intervals; the first electrodes 3 and the second electrodes 4 are arranged orthogonally; The area where the electrodes 3 and a strip of the second electrodes 4 are overlapped with each other forms a pressure-sensitive unit.
  • the width of the first electrode 3 or the second electrode 4 is 1 mm to 10 mm, and the thickness is not more than 200 nm.
  • the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 are oriented orthogonally.
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 Under the condition of external pressure, the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 have insulating gaps between each other, and the detectable resistance between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 is infinite. Under the action of force (for example, the user presses the pressure receiving plate with a finger), some of the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 are connected to each other, a closed loop is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a certain resistance can be detected. The higher the force applied, the lower the detected resistance, enabling pressure sensing.
  • the resistive pressure sensor device of this embodiment can also be configured in an electronic system with conventional multi-touch detection hardware and software to detect and process multi-touches occurring at different locations at the same time and separately applied pressure.
  • the width of the insulating gap between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • a first conductive film 6 is provided between the first electrode 3 and the first particles 51 ; a second conductive film is provided between the second electrode 4 and the second particles 52 .
  • the charge conduction between the conductive first electrode 3 , the first particles 51 , the second particles 52 and the second electrode 4 is enhanced through the first conductive film and the second conductive film, which is beneficial to improve the reliability of the present embodiment.
  • supports 54 are evenly distributed in the dielectric film layer 5 , and the supports 54 are located at four corners or four sides of the pressure-sensitive unit. In this embodiment, the support 54 improves the detection sensitivity of the pressure-sensitive unit.
  • the support 54 is cylindrical, the diameter of the support 54 is 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm, and the height is 0.03 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the pressure substrate 1 is optically transparent. This embodiment can be applied to panels or systems with light transmittance requirements.
  • the pressure substrate 1 is coated with an optically transparent protective coating 8; this embodiment is guaranteed to have a lasting and stable light transmittance.
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 in a pressure-sensitive unit are set at the same height.
  • the conductive paths of the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 have different resistances.
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 have insulating gaps between each other, and the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is infinite.
  • the conductive channel with higher resistance can realize the conduction of the upper and lower electrode layers under a light touch, and a closed loop is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a certain resistance can be detected.
  • the conductive channels with lower resistance conduct up and down one after another.
  • the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode decreases due to the increased number of conductive channels that are turned on.
  • the area where the conductive paths meet in the upper and lower electrode layers is taken as a unit, and the resistance of the conductive paths can be distributed according to a certain rule or randomly.
  • the resistance between the upper and lower electrode layers can be adjusted under different pressures, thereby realizing pressure sensing.
  • the dielectric film layer in this embodiment is directly generated in-situ in the resistive pressure sensor in this embodiment by the following method, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 The pressure substrate and the support substrate coated with the protective coating are respectively coated with a conductive film layer and patterned into a first electrode and a second electrode that are parallel to each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode are orthogonally oriented, The overlapping portion of the first electrode and the second electrode on the x-y plane is defined as a pressure-sensitive unit.
  • Step 2 Coating conductive materials on the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode respectively to form an upper conductive film and a lower conductive film.
  • the upper and lower conductive films are then patterned to obtain first particles and second particles, respectively.
  • the first particles and the second particles thus obtained have the same cross-section in the x-y plane and the same height in the z-axis direction, respectively.
  • Step 3 Print the supports and connectors on the support plate by 3D printing or screen printing.
  • the supports are arranged in a matrix form on the borders or top corners of the pressure-sensitive cells.
  • a connector is along the outer edge of the support plate for connecting the pressure plate and the support plate together, forming an insulating gap between the support plate facing side of the pressure substrate and the pressure plate facing side of the support substrate.
  • Step 4 The liquid precursor mixture is poured into the gap between the pressure plate and the support plate, and polymerized in situ by heating or UV.
  • the dielectric film layer of this embodiment can be configured as a resistive pressure sensor to detect very small pressure changes by measuring the resistance of the dielectric film layer.
  • the pressure substrate and the support substrate in this embodiment may include, but are not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), colorless polyimide (CPI), poly Carbonate (PC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polyethersulfone (PES), polynorbornene (PNB), or glass, which are substantially resistant to visible wavelengths of light is transparent.
  • the thickness of the pressure substrate and the support substrate is 0.05-2mm.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode are composed of conductive materials, which may include but are not limited to indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal nanoparticles, metal nanowires (eg silver nanowires (AgNW)), metal nanomesh, metal mesh, conductive Polymer nanoparticles, conductive polymer nanopore networks, or mixtures thereof, the material may be transparent to visible wavelengths of light.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • IZO indium zinc oxide
  • ITZO indium tin zinc oxide
  • PEDOT:PSS poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ) polystyrene sulfonate
  • carbon nanoparticles carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal nanoparticle
  • the second embodiment of the resistive pressure sensor in the present invention is shown in FIG. 6 : the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 with conductive channels have different heights along the z-axis (direction perpendicular to the pressure receiving surface).
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 have insulating gaps between each other, and the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is infinite.
  • Press the pressure substrate the higher conductive channel can realize the conduction of the upper and lower electrode layers under a light touch, a closed loop is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a certain resistance can be detected.
  • the shorter conductive channels are connected up and down one after another.
  • the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode decreases due to the increased number of conductive channels that are turned on.
  • the area where the conductive paths intersect in the upper and lower electrode layers is taken as a unit, and the height distribution of the conductive paths along the z-axis can be distributed according to a certain rule or randomly. By adjusting the height of the conductive channels along the z-axis, the conductive channels that are connected up and down under different pressures can be adjusted to achieve pressure sensing.
  • the degree of difficulty of contact between the plurality of first particles and the second particles of the dielectric film layer is different.
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 have insulating gaps between each other, and the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is infinite.
  • Pressing the pressure substrate the most accessible conductive channel can realize the conduction of the first electrode and the second electrode under a light touch, and a closed loop is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a certain resistance can be detected.
  • the pressing force increases, the conductive channels with greater contact difficulty are connected up and down one after another.
  • the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode decreases due to the increased number of conductive channels that are turned on.
  • Adjusting the ease of contact between the upper and lower conductive channels can be achieved by, but not limited to, controlling the change of the contact area between the upper and lower conductive channels. Taking the area where the conductive paths of the first electrode and the second electrode meet as a unit, the degree of difficulty of the upper and lower contact of the conductive paths can be distributed according to a certain rule or randomly. By adjusting the ease of contact between the upper and lower conductive channels, the resistance between the upper and lower electrode layers can be adjusted under different pressures, thereby realizing pressure sensing.
  • FIG. 8 The fourth embodiment of the resistive pressure sensor in the present invention is shown in FIG. 8 :
  • the elastic dielectric body in which the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 are embedded is made with different material modulus (hardness) distributions.
  • the first particles 51 and the second particles 52 have insulating gaps between each other, and the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode is infinite.
  • Press the pressure substrate the conductive channel around the elastic dielectric material with the smallest modulus (softest) can realize the conduction of the upper and lower electrode layers under a light touch, and a closed loop is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, which can be detected certain resistance.
  • the conductive channels around the elastic dielectric material with the larger (harder) modulus are connected up and down one after the other.
  • the detectable resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode decreases due to the increased number of conductive channels that are turned on.
  • Adjusting the modulus distribution of the elastic dielectric material can be achieved by, but not limited to, controlling the degree of polymerization of the elastic dielectric material in different regions.
  • the area where the conductive paths in the upper and lower electrode layers meet as a unit, the modulus change of the elastic dielectric material can be distributed according to a certain rule or randomly. By adjusting the modulus change of the elastic dielectric material, the resistance between the upper and lower electrode layers under different pressures can be adjusted, thereby realizing pressure sensing.
  • Step 1 The upper and lower electrodes are respectively coated on the pressure receiving plate and the support plate coated with the protective coating and patterned into a first electrode and a second electrode that are parallel to each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode are orthogonally oriented , the overlapping part of the first electrode and the second electrode in the x-y plane is defined as a pressure-sensitive unit.
  • Step 2 Coating conductive materials on the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode respectively to form an upper conductive film and a lower conductive film.
  • the upper and lower conductive films are then patterned to obtain first particles and second particles, respectively.
  • the resulting conductive channels have uniform cross-sections in the x-y plane and equal heights in the z-axis direction.
  • Step 3 Printing the connector and the mixture of liquid precursors of different types or formulas on the support plate by means of 3D printing or inkjet printing.
  • the arrangement of liquid precursor mixtures of different types or formulations uses a pressure-sensitive unit as a repeating unit.
  • the elastic dielectric material obtained by the polymerization of the precursor mixture near the center of a pressure-sensitive cell has the smallest modulus, and the elastic dielectric material obtained by the polymerization of the precursor mixture near the boundary of the pressure-sensitive cell has a larger modulus.
  • the connecting piece is along the outer edge of the support plate and is used to connect the pressure plate and the support plate together;
  • Step 4 In-situ polymerization of liquid precursor mixtures of different types or formulas by heating or UV.

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Abstract

本发明公开一种介电膜层，包括弹性介电本体，导电的第一颗粒和第二颗粒；第一颗粒和第二颗粒分别均匀嵌入于弹性介电本体的上侧和下侧；第一颗粒和第二颗粒竖直方向同轴设置且中间具有间隙；第一颗粒的上端面与弹性介电本体的上侧面处于同一高度；第二颗粒的下端面与弹性介电本体的下端面处于同一高度；本发明还公开了该介电膜层的制备方法以及将该介电膜层应用于电阻式压力传感器；本发明触碰敏感，精准感应压力。

Description

一种介电膜层、制备方法及应用 技术领域
本发明涉及传感器技术领域，特别是涉及一种介电膜层、制备方法及应用。
背景技术
触摸面板是一种输入设备，其允许用户通过与面板设备的物理接触来输入信息。触摸面板通常用作各种产品的输入设备，例如家用电器，电视，笔记本计算机和监视器以及便携式电子设备，例如笔记本电脑，电子书，便携式多媒体播放器，全球定位系统导航单元，超级移动电脑，智能手机，智能手表，平板电脑，和移动通信终端。
大多数触摸面板通过传感器内的导电物体电容性连接到导电性触摸工具(如用户的手指)时，可以感应输入。并通过检测感应点处电容变化记录感测点在二维平面上(即x-y平面上)的位置。但是常规触摸面板并不能检测用户按压时力的大小(即z轴方向上的感应输入)。常规电阻式压力传感器通常不具备触碰敏感的特性。用户需施加较大压力才能激活传感器，导致用户体验差。
在许多触摸面板技术中发现的另一个问题是它们缺乏同时跟踪多个接触点的能力。多点触摸系统最常用的技术是投射电容法。但是，投射电容法有一些明显的局限性。例如，它无法检测到来自非导电物体(例如塑料笔)的触摸输入。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的在于提供一种介电膜层，该发明受压时发生形变引起电阻值变化，压力消失时形状及电阻恢复至初始形态，压力敏感。
为解决此技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种介电膜层，包括弹性介电本体，导电的第一颗粒和第二颗粒；第一颗粒和第二颗粒分别均匀嵌入于弹性 介电本体的上侧和下侧；第一颗粒和第二颗粒竖直方向同轴设置且中间具有间隙；第一颗粒的上端面与弹性介电本体的上侧面处于同一高度；第二颗粒的下端面与弹性介电本体的下端面处于同一高度。
本发明的第二目的在于提供一种介电膜层的制备方法，该发明制备工艺简便，获得一种压力敏感的介电膜层。
为解决此技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种介电膜层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、在合成基底上分别涂布导电材料，形成上层导电膜和下层导电膜；
步骤二、分别将上层导电膜和下层导电膜图形化以得到第一颗粒和第二颗粒；
步骤三、用连接件将两块合成基底连接在一起，并在合成基底之间形成间隙；合成基底上第一颗粒和第二颗粒的两侧相对；
步骤四、将液体前驱体混合物灌注进合成基底形成的间隙之中，并通过加热或者照射紫外光在原位聚合获得目标介电膜层。
本发明的第三目的在于提供一种介电膜层的制备方法，该发明制备工艺简便，获得一种压力敏感的介电膜层。
为解决此技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种介电膜层的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、在两块合成基底上分别打印得到第一颗粒和第二颗粒；
步骤二、用连接件将两块合成基底连接在一起，并在合成基底之间形成间隙；合成基底上第一颗粒和第二颗粒的两侧相对；
步骤三、将液体前驱体混合物灌注进合成基底形成的间隙之中，并通过加 热或者照射紫外光在原位聚合获得目标介电膜层。
本发明的第四目的在于提供一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，该发明压力敏感，压力感应精准。
为解决此技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，包括相对平行设置的压力基板和支撑基板；所述压力基板朝向支撑基板的一侧设有第一电极，所述支撑基板朝向压力基板的一侧设有第二电极；第一电极和第二电极分别电连接于外部测试电阻电路；
第一电极和第二电极之间有本发明所述介电膜层；第一电极和第二电极分别与其同侧的第一颗粒和第二颗粒电接触。
进一步改进，第一电极条状绝缘间隔设置于压力基板；第二电极条状绝缘间隔设置于支撑基板；所述第一电极和第二电极正交设置；一条第一电极和一条第二电极之间相互重贴的区域形成压敏单元。本发明所述相邻两个第一电极之间或者第二电极之间有绝缘间隙。第一电极或者第二电极的宽为1mm至10mm，厚度不超过200nm。第一电极和第二电极正交取向。在没有施加外力的情况下，所述第一颗粒和第二颗粒相互之间均有绝缘间隙，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻为无穷大。在力的作用下(例如用户通过手指按压压力接收板)，部分第一颗粒和第二颗粒相互接通，第一电极和第二电极之间形成闭合回路，可检测到一定电阻。施加的力越大，检测到的电阻越小，从而实现压力感应。本发明的电阻式压力传感器装置还能够被配置具有常规多点触摸检测硬件和软件的电子系统中，以检测和处理在同一时间不同位置发生的多点触摸和分别施加的压力。本发明通过条状第一电极和条状第二电极的正交设置实现多个接触点的准确定位。进一步优选第一电极和第二电极的绝缘间隙宽度为0.1mm至0.5mm。
进一步改进，所述第一电极和第一颗粒之间设有第一导电膜；所述第二电极和第二颗粒之间设有第二导电膜。通过第一导电膜和第二导电膜加强导电的第一电极、第一颗粒、第二颗粒和第二电极之间的电荷传导，利于提高本发明使用的可靠性。
进一步改进，介电膜层中均匀分布有支撑物，所述支撑物位于压敏单元的四角或者四边。本发明通过支撑物提高压敏单元检测的敏感程度。
优选支撑物为圆柱状，支撑物的直径为0.03mm至0.1mm，高度为0.03mm至0.5mm。
优选所述压力基板光学透明。本发明可应用于具有透光性要求的面板或者系统中。
进一步改进，所述压力基板涂覆有光学透明的保护涂层；保证本发明具有持久稳定的透光率。
通过采用上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明的介电膜导电的第一颗粒和第二颗粒为各自独立的、向z轴方向延伸的通道，相对应的第一颗粒和第二颗粒之间存在绝缘间隙；
本发明在没有施加外力的情况下，上下对应的具有导电通道的第一颗粒和第二颗粒相互之间未接触相互绝缘，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻为无穷大；
在力的作用下(例如用户通过手指按压压力接收板)，部分第一颗粒和第二颗粒中的导电通道相互接通，第一电极层和第二电极层之间形成闭合回路，可检测到一定电阻；
施加的力越大，按压位置处相继上下导通，由于第一颗粒和第二颗粒导通 的导电通道数量增多，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻减小，从而实现压力敏感，压力感应精准；
当介电膜层受压时触碰敏感，精准压力感应，多点触控，同时保持高透光率；
本发明中的具有夹层结构的电阻压力传感器压力检测上限值小于15N，压力敏感；
本发明的电阻式压力传感器还能够被配置具有常规多点触摸检测硬件和软件的电子系统中，以检测和处理在同一时间不同位置发生的多点触摸和分别施加的压力，电阻式压力传感器装置是光学透明的，从而可以与视觉显示装置结合。
从而实现本发明的上述目的。
附图说明
图1是本发明涉及的一种电阻式压力传感器的结构示意图；
图2是本发明剖面结构示意图；
图3是本发明第一种实施方式的工作原理示意图；
图4是本发明第一种实施方式的R-F曲线；
图5是本发明第一种实施方式实现多点触控的示意图；
图6是本发明第二种实施方式工作原理示意图；
图7是本发明第三种实施方式工作原理示意图；
图8是本发明第四种实施方式工作原理示意图。
图中：
压力基板1；支撑基板2；第一电极3；第二电极4；介电膜层5；第一颗粒51；第二颗粒52；弹性介电本体53；支撑物54；保护涂层8。
具体实施方式
为了进一步解释本发明的技术方案，下面通过具体实施例来对本发明进行详细阐述。
实施例1
本实施例公开一种介电膜层及其制备方法，具体的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一、首先在合成基底上分别涂布导电材料，形成上层导电膜和下层导电膜。导电膜的制备工艺包括但不限于夹缝式涂布(slot-diecoating)，喷涂(spraycoating)，迈耶棒涂布(Meyerrodcoating)，刀片涂布(bladecoating)，丝网印刷(screenprinting)，喷墨印刷(ink-jetprinting)，转印(stamping)。
步骤二、分别将上、下层导电膜进行图形化以得到第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52。导电膜的图形化则可通过但不限于微影光刻(photolithography)，激光刻蚀(laserablation)等工艺实现。
由此得到的导电通道在z轴方向等高，在x-y面的横截面可根据需求图形化成不同面积或形状。
步骤三、用连接件将两块合成基底连接在一起，并在合成基底之间形成间隙。
步骤四、合成基底上有导电通道的一侧相对，然后将液体前驱体混合物灌注进合成基底形成的间隙之中，并通过加热或者UV的方式在原位聚合制得介电膜层5。
所得介电膜层可以从合成基底上揭下装配至具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器中。
本实施例中的介电膜层5，如图2所示，包括弹性介电本体53，导电的第 一颗粒51和第二颗粒52；第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52分别均匀等深度嵌入于弹性介电本体53的上侧和下侧；第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52竖直方向同轴设置且中间具有间隙；第一颗粒51的上端面与弹性介电本体53的上侧面处于同一高度；第二颗粒52的下端面与弹性介电本体53的下端面处于同一高度。
本实施例中第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52由导电材料组成，可以包括但不限于氧化铟锡(ITO)，氧化铟锌(IZO)，氧化铟锡锌(ITZO)，聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT：PSS)，碳纳米颗粒，碳纳米管，石墨烯，金属纳米颗粒，金属纳米线(例如银纳米线(AgNW))，金属纳米网格，金属网，导电聚合物纳米颗粒，导电聚合物纳米孔网络或其混合物。
弹性介电本体53由弹性介电聚合物材料组成，可以包括但不限于丙烯酸基聚合物，聚氨酯或硅树脂。所述聚合物由可聚合液体前驱体混合物聚合而成，其中可聚合液体前驱体混合物包括一种或多种可聚合单体，一种或多种交联剂，引发剂。所施用的单体和交联剂可以是液体分子，如丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、苯乙烯、甲基苯乙烯、各种环氧树脂或其混合物。可聚合单体含有一个可聚合官能团；交联剂可以含有两个或多个可聚合官能团。可以通过控制前驱体混合物中单体和交联剂的比重来控制最终聚合物的储存模量。交联剂比重越小，聚合物储存模量越小。
本实施例进一步优选可聚合前驱体也包括塑化剂，用于控制最终聚合物的储存模量。塑化剂越多，模量越小。塑化剂可以为不含官能团的柔软直链低聚物，如硅氧烷类、烷基类等；也可为非挥发性液体，如乙二醇、丙三醇、硅油或矿物油。根据一个实施例，弹性介电聚合物的模量可以在局部进行控制。如通过3D打印或注射的方式在不同区域施加不同配方或不同种类的前驱体混合物并聚合，以得到模量分布不同的弹性介电本体53。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的主要区别在于：
本实施例通过在合成基底上打印第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52。
实施例3
本实施例公开一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，如图1至图5所示，包括相对平行设置的压力基板1和支撑基板2；所述压力基板1朝向支撑基板2的一侧设有第一电极3，所述支撑基板2朝向压力基板1的一侧设有第二电极4；第一电极3和第二电极4分别电连接于外部测试电阻电路；
第一电极3和第二电极4之间填充有介电膜层5；所述介电膜层5包括位于第一电极3一侧第一颗粒51，位于第二电极4一侧的第二颗粒52，第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52具有导电通道且均匀相对设置；第一电极3和第二电极4分别与其同侧的第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52电接触；所述第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52之间填充有弹性介电本体53。本实施例在受到外部压力的情况下，上下对应的具有导电通道的第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52相互之间未接触相互绝缘，第一电极3和第二电极4之间可检测到的电阻为无穷大；在力的作用下(例如用户通过手指按压压力接收板)，部分导电通道相互接通，第一电极3层和第二电极4层之间形成闭合回路，可检测到一定电阻；施加的力越大，按压位置处相继上下导通，由于导通的导电通道数量增多，第一电极3和第二电极4之间可检测到的电阻减小，从而实现压力敏感，压力感应精准，如图4所示，本实施例压力上限值小于15N，压力敏感。如图5所示，本实施例可以用于实现多点触控。
本实施例中第一电极3条状绝缘间隔设置于压力基板1；第二电极4条状绝缘间隔设置于支撑基板2；所述第一电极3和第二电极4正交设置；一条第一电 极3和一条第二电极4之间相互重贴的区域形成压敏单元。本实施例所述相邻两个第一电极3之间或者第二电极4之间有绝缘间隙。第一电极3或者第二电极4的宽为1mm至10mm，厚度不超过200nm。第一电极3和第二电极4正交取向。在受到外部压力的情况下，所述第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52相互之间均有绝缘间隙，第一电极3和第二电极4之间可检测到的电阻为无穷大。在力的作用下(例如用户通过手指按压压力接收板)，部分第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52相互接通，第一电极和第二电极之间形成闭合回路，可检测到一定电阻。施加的力越大，检测到的电阻越小，从而实现压力感应。本实施例的电阻式压力传感器装置还能够被配置具有常规多点触摸检测硬件和软件的电子系统中，以检测和处理在同一时间不同位置发生的多点触摸和分别施加的压力。本实施例通过条状第一电极3和条状第二电极4的正交设置实现多个接触点的准确定位。进一步优选第一电极3和第二电极4的绝缘间隙宽度为0.1mm至0.5mm。
本实施例中，所述第一电极3和第一颗粒51之间设有第一导电膜6；所述第二电极4和第二颗粒52之间设有第二导电膜。通过第一导电膜和第二导电膜加强导电的第一电极3、第一颗粒51、第二颗粒52和第二电极4之间的电荷传导，利于提高本实施例使用的可靠性。
本实施例中，介电膜层5中均匀分布有支撑物54，所述支撑物54位于压敏单元的四角或者四边。本实施例通过支撑物54提高压敏单元检测的敏感程度。
本实施例中支撑物54为圆柱状，支撑物54的直径为0.03mm至0.1mm，高度为0.03mm至0.5mm。
本实施例中所述压力基板1光学透明。本实施例可应用于具有透光性要求的面板或者系统中。
本实施例中所述压力基板1涂覆有光学透明的保护涂层8；保证本实施例具 有持久稳定的透光率。
本实施例中一个压敏单元中所述第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52等高度设置。
第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52的导电通道具有不同电阻。在没有施加外力的情况下，所述第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52相互之间均有绝缘间隙，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻为无穷大。按压力基板，电阻较高的导电通道在轻触下即可实现上下电极层的导通，第一电极和第二电极之间形成闭合回路，可检测到一定电阻。按压的力增大时，电阻较低的导电通道相继上下导通。由于导通的导电通道数量增多，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻减小。以上下电极层中导电路径交汇的区域为单位，导电通道电阻可以按照一定规律分布，也可以随机分布。通过调节导电通道的电阻，可以调节在不同压力下上下电极层之间的电阻，从而实现压力感应。
本实施例中介电膜层通过以下方法直接原位生成于本实施例中的电阻式压力传感器，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、在涂布有保护涂层的压力基板和支撑基板上分别涂布有导电膜层并图形化为相互平行的第一电极和第二电极，第一电极和第二电极正交取向，第一电极和第二电极在x-y平面上重叠的部分被定义为一个压敏单元。
步骤二、在第一电极和第二电极表面分别涂布导电材料，形成上层导电膜和下层导电膜。然后分别将上、下层导电膜进行图形化以得到第一颗粒和第二颗粒。由此得到的第一颗粒和第二颗粒分别在x-y面的横截面一致并在z轴方向等高。
步骤三、在支撑板上通过3D打印或者丝网印刷等方式打印支撑物和连接件。支撑物以矩阵形式排列于压敏单元的边界或者顶角上。连接件沿着支撑板的外 缘，用于将压力板和支撑板连接在一起，在压力基板的支撑板朝向侧和支撑基板的压力板朝向侧之间形成绝缘间隙。
步骤四、将液体前驱体混合物灌注进压力板和支撑板之间的间隙之中，并通过加热或者UV的方式在原位聚合。
本实施例的介电膜层可被配置为电阻式压力传感器，通过测量介电膜层的电阻来检测非常小的压力变化。
本实施例中压力基板和支撑基板可以包括但不限于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)，无色聚酰亚胺(CPI)，聚碳酸酯(PC)，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)，聚苯乙烯(PS)，聚醚砜(PES)，聚降冰片烯(PNB)，或玻璃，该材料对于可见光波长的光基本上是透明的。压力基板和支撑基板的厚度为0.05-2mm。第一电极和第二电极由导电材料组成，可以包括但不限于氧化铟锡(ITO)，氧化铟锌(IZO)，氧化铟锡锌(ITZO)，聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT：PSS)，碳纳米颗粒，碳纳米管，石墨烯，金属纳米颗粒，金属纳米线(例如银纳米线(AgNW))，金属纳米网格，金属网，导电聚合物纳米颗粒，导电聚合物纳米孔网络或其混合物，该材料对于可见光波长的光可以是透明的。
本发明中电阻式压力传感器的第二种实施例方式如图6所示：具有导电通道的第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52沿z轴(垂直于压力接收面的方向)具有不同高度。在没有施加外力的情况下，第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52相互之间均有绝缘间隙，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻为无穷大。按压压力基板，较高的导电通道在轻触下即可实现上下电极层的导通，第一电极和第二电极之间形成闭合回路，可检测到一定电阻。按压的力增大时，较短的导电通道相继上下导通。由于导通的导电通道数量增多，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到 的电阻减小。以上下电极层中导电路径交汇的区域为单位，导电通道沿z轴的高度分布可以按照一定规律分布，也可以随机分布。通过调节导电通道沿z轴的高度，可以调节在不同压力下上下接通的导电通道，从而实现压力感应。
本发明中电阻式压力传感器的第三种实施例方式如图7所示：
本实施例方式中介电膜层的多个第一颗粒和第二颗粒接触的难易程度不同。在没有施加外力的情况下，第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52相互之间均有绝缘间隙，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻为无穷大。按压压力基板，最容易接触的导电通道在轻触下即可实现第一电极和第二电极的导通，第一电极和第二电极之间形成闭合回路，可检测到一定电阻。按压的力增大时，接触难度较大的导电通相继道上下导通。由于导通的导电通道数量增多，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻减小。调节导电通道上下接触的难易程度可以通过但不限于控制上下导电通道之间的接触面积变化来实现。以第一电极和第二电极导电路径交汇的区域为单位，导电通道上下接触的难易程度可以按照一定规律分布，也可以随机分布。通过调节导电通道上下接触的难易程度，可以调节在不同压力下上下电极层之间的电阻，从而实现压力感应。
本发明中电阻式压力传感器的第四种实施例方式如图8所示：
嵌入有第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52的弹性介电本体制成材料模量(硬度)分布不同。在没有施加外力的情况下，所述第一颗粒51和第二颗粒52相互之间均有绝缘间隙，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到的电阻为无穷大。按压压力基板，模量最小(最软)的弹性介电材料周围的导电通道在轻触下即可实现上下电极层的导通，第一电极和第二电极之间形成闭合回路，可检测到一定电阻。按压的力增大时，模量较大(较硬)的弹性介电材料周围的导电通相继道上下导通。由于导通的导电通道数量增多，第一电极和第二电极之间可检测到 的电阻减小。调节弹性介电材料模量分布可以通过但不限于控制不同区域弹性介电材料的聚合度来实现。以上下电极层中导电路径交汇的区域为单位，弹性介电材料的模量变化可以按照一定规律分布，也可以随机分布。通过调节弹性介电材料的模量变化，可以调节在不同压力下上下电极层之间的电阻，从而实现压力感应。
本实施例中电阻式压力传感器的制备流程包括以下步骤：
步骤一、在涂布有保护涂层的压力接收板和支撑板上分别涂布上、下层电极并图形化为相互平行的第一电极和第二电极，第一电极和第二电极正交取向，第一电极和第二电极在x-y平面上重叠的部分被定义为一个压敏单元。
步骤二、在第一电极和第二电极表面分别涂布导电材料，形成上层导电膜和下层导电膜。然后分别将上、下层导电膜进行图形化以得到第一颗粒和第二颗粒。由此得到的导电通道在x-y面的横截面一致并在z轴方向等高。
步骤三、在支撑板上通过3D打印或者喷墨印刷等方式打印连接件和不同种类或不同配方的液体前驱体混合物。不同种类或不同配方的液体前驱体混合物的排布以一个压敏单元为重复单元。在一个压敏单元内靠近中心位置的前驱体混合物聚合所得弹性介电材料的模量最小，越靠近压敏单元边界位置的前驱体混合物聚合所得弹性介电材料的模量越大。连接件沿着支撑板的外缘，用于将压力板和支撑板连接在一起；
步骤四、将不同种类或不同配方的液体前驱体混合物通过加热或者UV的方式在原位聚合。
上述实施例和图式并非限定本实施例的产品形态和式样，任何所属技术领域的普通技术人员对其所做的适当变化或修饰，皆应视为不脱离本实施例的专利范畴。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种介电膜层，其特征在于：包括弹性介电本体，导电的第一颗粒和第二颗粒；第一颗粒和第二颗粒分别均匀嵌入于弹性介电本体的上侧和下侧；第一颗粒和第二颗粒竖直方向同轴设置且中间具有间隙；第一颗粒的上端面与弹性介电本体的上侧面处于同一高度；第二颗粒的下端面与弹性介电本体的下端面处于同一高度。
  2. 一种如权1所述的介电膜层的制备方法，其特征在于：
    包括以下步骤：
    步骤一、在合成基底上分别涂布导电材料，形成上层导电膜和下层导电膜；
    步骤二、分别将上层导电膜和下层导电膜图形化以得到第一颗粒和第二颗粒；
    步骤三、用连接件将两块合成基底连接在一起，并在合成基底之间形成间隙；合成基底上第一颗粒和第二颗粒的两侧相对；
    步骤四、将液体前驱体混合物灌注进合成基底形成的间隙之中，并通过加热或者照射紫外光在原位聚合获得目标介电膜层。
  3. 一种如权1所述的介电膜层的制备方法，其特征在于：
    包括以下步骤：
    步骤一、在两块合成基底上分别打印得到第一颗粒和第二颗粒；
    步骤二、用连接件将两块合成基底连接在一起，并在合成基底之间形成间隙；合成基底上第一颗粒和第二颗粒的两侧相对；
    步骤三、将液体前驱体混合物灌注进合成基底形成的间隙之中，并通过加热或者照射紫外光在原位聚合获得目标介电膜层。
  4. 一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，其特征在于：包括相对平行设 置的压力基板和支撑基板；所述压力基板朝向支撑基板的一侧设有第一电极，所述支撑基板朝向压力基板的一侧设有第二电极；第一电极和第二电极分别电连接于外部测试电阻电路；
    第一电极和第二电极之间有权1所述介电膜层；第一电极和第二电极分别与其同侧的第一颗粒和第二颗粒电接触。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，其特征在于：第一电极条状绝缘间隔设置于压力基板；第二电极条状绝缘间隔设置于支撑基板；所述第一电极和第二电极呈一定角度相交设置；一条第一电极和一条第二电极之间相互重贴的区域形成压敏单元。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，其特征在于：所述第一电极和第二电极正交设置
  7. 如权利要求4所述的一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，其特征在于：所述第一电极和第一颗粒之间设有第一导电膜；所述第二电极和第二颗粒之间设有第二导电膜。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，其特征在于：介电膜层中均匀分布有支撑物，所述支撑物位于压敏单元的四角或者四边。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，其特征在于：支撑物为圆柱状，支撑物的直径为0.03mm至0.1mm，高度为0.03mm至0.5mm。
  10. 如权利要求4所述的一种具有夹层结构的电阻式压力传感器，其特征在于：所述压力基板涂覆有光学透明的保护涂层。
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