WO2022141350A1 - 一种用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置及其方法 - Google Patents

一种用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置及其方法 Download PDF

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WO2022141350A1
WO2022141350A1 PCT/CN2020/141971 CN2020141971W WO2022141350A1 WO 2022141350 A1 WO2022141350 A1 WO 2022141350A1 CN 2020141971 W CN2020141971 W CN 2020141971W WO 2022141350 A1 WO2022141350 A1 WO 2022141350A1
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Prior art keywords
rolling
connecting rod
shaft
rod shaft
laser
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PCT/CN2020/141971
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄舒
周建忠
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江苏罡阳股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/141971 priority Critical patent/WO2022141350A1/zh
Publication of WO2022141350A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022141350A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/10—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an engine part, more specifically, a laser shot peening compound rolling strengthening device for connecting rod shaft rings and a method thereof.
  • the connecting rod body of the engine is composed of three parts: the small end of the connecting rod, the big end of the connecting rod and the rod body of the connecting rod.
  • the part of the connecting rod is called the big end of the connecting rod, which converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the crankshaft.
  • the rod connecting the small head and the big head is called the connecting rod shaft.
  • the connecting rod requires the shaft ring to have sufficient rigidity and toughness, and its surface quality directly affects the sealing and stability of the connection with the crankshaft.
  • increasing the surface hardness and surface residual compressive stress of the shaft ring can enhance the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the shaft ring, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the entire connecting rod. .
  • the hardening process of the surface of the connecting rod shaft ring mainly includes induction heating surface quenching, gas soft nitriding treatment induction, shot blasting, rolling strengthening and laser shot peening.
  • induction heating surface quenching can make the surface hardness of the connecting rod shaft ring high, and the depth of the hardened layer is easy to control. Disadvantages, and it is only suitable for parts with simple shapes, not suitable for parts with complex shapes.
  • the crankshaft after gas nitrocarburizing has a dense phase, so it has high wear resistance, and the surface compound has the effect of reducing wear.
  • the nitrided layer has residual stress, and the infiltration of nitrogen atoms hinders the movement of dislocations, prevents the generation and diffusion of fatigue cracks, and improves the fatigue strength, but it has high requirements for process and operation, and high cost, which is not suitable for
  • the surface of the connecting rod shaft ring is strengthened.
  • the Chinese patent discloses a method and device for surface modification of laser shot peening combined with rolling strengthening, and proposes the gain effect of combining rolling strengthening and laser shot peening to obtain better surface strengthening quality and uniform residual stress distribution.
  • due to the large volume of the rolling wheel in the patent it is more suitable for strengthening large-area regular block or plate metal materials, and cannot achieve precise strengthening of the inner surface of the connecting rod shaft ring or other irregular and complex curved surfaces.
  • the Chinese patent discloses a laser shot peening composite rolling strengthening device and method device for a revolving body. Shot peening composite rolling can make castings obtain good surface properties. This device is used to process the outer surface of the workpiece. The inner surface of workpieces such as connecting rod shaft rings cannot be machined efficiently and precisely.
  • the invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, thereby providing a laser shot peening compound rolling strengthening device and a method for the connecting rod shaft ring.
  • a laser shot peening compound rolling strengthening device for connecting rod shaft ring comprising a laser transmitter, a compound rolling shaft, a hydraulic system, a numerical control platform and a control system,
  • the numerical control platform is provided with a rotary motor, the composite rolling shaft is clamped to the rotary motor, the numerical control platform is provided with a feed motor, and the feed motor is provided with a Clamp body for mounting workpiece.
  • the composite rolling shaft includes a shaft rod and a rolling head, one end of the shaft rod extends into the rotating motor, and the other end of the shaft rod is connected to the rotating motor.
  • the rolling heads are connected, a rolling ball is provided on the left end side wall of the rolling head, the rolling ball is pressed against a connecting rod shaft ring, and the right end of the rolling head is provided with a rolling ball.
  • an optical path sleeve a conical total reflection mirror is installed on the optical path sleeve through a buckle, and the reflected beam of the conical total reflection mirror forms an annular laser belt through the rolling head, and the annular laser belt Laser shot peening is performed on the part of the connecting rod shaft ring,
  • the hydraulic system provides power for the composite rolling shaft, and the hydraulic system includes an oil cylinder, an oil pipe and a piston top rod, and the oil cylinder is connected to the top of the composite rolling shaft through a bolt , one end of the piston top rod protrudes into the inside of the oil cylinder, and the other end of the piston top rod protrudes and contacts with a pressure sensor,
  • the control system includes an electrical control box and a computer, the electrical control box receives the electrical signal of the pressure sensor and transmits the electrical signal to the computer, and the computer controls the laser
  • the launcher, composite rolling axis, hydraulic system, rotary motor and feed motor work together.
  • the pressure sensor is arranged between the rolling ball and the piston rod, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the rolling force of the connecting rod shaft ring.
  • the control system reads the value of the pressure sensor and controls the thrust output by the hydraulic system. .
  • the laser shot peening compound rolling strengthening device for connecting rod shaft ring further includes a spray system, and the spray system is installed on the numerical control platform for spraying the water curtain on the The surface to be machined of the connecting rod shaft ring.
  • the material of the contact part between the rolling ball and the connecting rod shaft ring is Cr12MoV, and the hardness of the rolling ball material is 58-60HRC.
  • Step S1 clamp one end of the composite rolling shaft with the rotating motor, then grind and polish the surface of the connecting rod shaft ring and coat with black paint, and install the connecting rod shaft ring onto the clip body,
  • Step S2 adjust the center line of the connecting rod shaft ring and the rotation center line of the composite rolling shaft to be on a horizontal line, clamp the clamping body, and the clamping body drives the connecting rod shaft ring move along the Z axis;
  • Step S3 the control system provides power for the piston top rod, the piston top rod pushes the rolling ball, and applies a preset pressure load to the connecting rod shaft ring;
  • Step S4 the control system controls the laser transmitter and generates a laser beam, and the laser beam is focused on the inner surface of the connecting rod shaft ring after passing through the optical path and a condenser;
  • Step S5 start the rotating motor through the control system, so that the rotating motor rotates along the Z-axis direction, at the same time, start a workpiece translation motor through the control system, and control the step shaft to drive the connecting motor.
  • the rod shaft ring translates along the Z-axis direction;
  • Step S6 the laser transmitter emits a laser beam, and the conical total reflection mirror and the focusing mirror inside the composite rolling shaft are used to modify the surface of the connecting rod shaft ring by laser shot peening;
  • Step S7 Turn off the laser transmitter, stop the rotating spindle, take out the workpiece, and clean the residual black paint on the connecting rod shaft ring.
  • the present invention uses the composite rolling shaft to rotate along the Z axis and the rolling head to feed along the Z axis.
  • the two rotation trajectories form a circular surface, so that the rolling ball can roll the shaft ring.
  • the required rolling load can be obtained by the pressure, and the laser shot peening process is realized through the laser and the optical path conveying part, so as to accurately complete the composite surface strengthening of the connecting rod shaft ring.
  • Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the laser shot peening compound rolling strengthening device for connecting rod shaft ring of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the strengthening device in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the strengthening device in FIG. 1 .
  • the laser shot peening compound rolling strengthening device for connecting rod shaft ring includes a laser transmitter 14, a compound rolling shaft, a hydraulic system, a numerical control platform 1 and a control system .
  • the CNC platform 1 is provided with a rotary motor 7, the composite rolling shaft is clamped to the rotary motor 7, the CNC platform 1 is provided with a feed motor 4, and the feed motor 4 is provided with a clamp for mounting workpieces Concrete 3.
  • the composite rolling shaft includes a shaft rod 8 and a rolling head 9.
  • One end of the shaft rod 8 extends into the rotary motor 7, and the other end of the shaft rod 8 is connected with the rolling head 9.
  • the rolling head A rolling ball 20 is provided on the left side wall of the rolling head 9, and the rolling ball 20 is against a connecting rod shaft ring 10.
  • the right end of the rolling head 9 is provided with an optical path sleeve 29, and the optical path sleeve 29 passes through a buckle.
  • 32 is installed with a conical total reflection mirror 31 , the reflected beam 12 of the conical total reflection mirror 31 forms an annular laser band through the rolling head 9 , and the annular laser band performs laser shot peening on the part of the connecting rod shaft ring 10 .
  • the hydraulic system provides power for the composite rolling shaft, and the hydraulic system includes an oil cylinder 28, an oil pipe 11 and a piston top rod 27.
  • the oil cylinder 28 is connected to the top of the composite rolling shaft through a bolt 26, and the piston top rod One end of 27 protrudes into the interior of the oil cylinder 28 , and the other end of the piston top rod 27 protrudes and is in contact with a pressure sensor 23 .
  • the control system includes an electrical control box 6 and a computer 5, the electrical control box 6 receives the electrical signal of the pressure sensor 23, and transmits the electrical signal to the computer 5, the computer 5 controls the laser transmitter 14, the composite roller The final shaft, hydraulic system, rotary motor 7 and feed motor 4 work together.
  • the pressure sensor 23 is arranged between the rolling ball 20 and the piston top rod 27, and the pressure sensor 23 is used to measure the rolling force of the connecting rod shaft washer 10.
  • the control system reads the value of the pressure sensor 23, and Controls the thrust output from this hydraulic system.
  • the laser shot peening compound rolling strengthening device for connecting rod shaft ring also includes a spray system 2, the spray system 1 is installed on the numerical control platform 1, and is used for spraying the water curtain on the connecting rod shaft ring 10. the surface to be machined.
  • the material of the contact part of the rolling ball 20 and the connecting rod shaft ring 10 is Cr12MoV, and the hardness of the rolling ball 20 is 58-60HRC.
  • Step S1 one end of the composite rolling shaft is clamped with the rotating motor 7, and then the surface of the connecting rod shaft ring 10 is ground and polished and coated with black paint 15, the thickness of the black paint 15 is 50-80 ⁇ m, and then carried out. Air-dry, and finally install the connecting rod shaft ring 10 on the clamping body 3;
  • Step S2 adjust the center line of the connecting rod shaft ring 10 and the rotation center line of the composite rolling shaft to be on a horizontal line, and clamp the clamp body 3, and the clamp body 3 drives the connecting rod shaft ring 10 along the Z-axis direction move;
  • Step S3 the control system provides power for the piston top rod 27, the piston top rod 27 pushes the rolling ball 20, and applies a preset pressure load to the connecting rod shaft ring 10;
  • Step S4 the control system controls the laser transmitter 14 to generate a laser beam 12 , the laser beam 12 is focused on the inner surface of the connecting rod shaft ring 10 after passing through the optical path and a condenser 30 .
  • the laser shot peening parameters are set by the computer 5, the compiling program controls the laser, the composite rolling shaft, the hydraulic system, the rotating motor 7 and the workpiece feeding motor 4 to work together, and the current signal of the pressure sensor 23 is recorded at this time, and the laser
  • the laser beam power density in the parameters is 2-10GW/cm2, the spot diameter is 1-3mm, and the overlap ratio is 25-50%;
  • Step S5 start the rotary motor 7 through the control system, so that the rotary motor 7 rotates along the Z-axis direction at a rate of 1-2 cm/s, at the same time, start a workpiece translation motor through the control system, and control the step shaft to drive the connection.
  • the rod shaft ring 10 translates along the Z-axis direction at a rate of 1-2 cm/s;
  • Step S6 the laser transmitter 14 emits the laser beam 12, and the conical total reflection mirror 31 and the focusing mirror 30 inside the composite rolling shaft are used to modify the surface of the connecting rod shaft ring by laser shot peening;
  • step S7 the laser transmitter 14 is turned off, the rotating spindle is stopped, the workpiece is taken out, and the residual black paint 15 on the connecting rod shaft ring 10 is cleaned.
  • the whole process is simple and efficient, which can improve the surface hardness of the connecting rod shaft ring, obtain a larger hardened layer, effectively reduce the surface roughness value, and at the same time obtain a better surface residual compressive stress distribution.
  • the strengthening device adopts the composite rolling shaft to rotate along the Z axis and the rolling head to feed along the Z axis.
  • the two rotation trajectories form a circular surface, so that the rolling ball can roll the shaft ring.
  • the laser shot peening process is realized through the laser and the optical path conveying part, so as to accurately complete the composite surface strengthening of the connecting rod shaft ring.
  • the strengthening device first performs comprehensive rolling strengthening on the connecting rod shaft ring, so that the connecting rod shaft ring has a larger hardened layer, and then performs a local laser shot peening process on the connecting rod shaft ring, which combines laser shot peening and rolling.
  • the gain effect of compressive strengthening can obtain greater and more uniform surface hardness and surface residual compressive stress, and deeper residual compressive stress affects the depth of the layer.
  • the low concave trough left by the laser shot peening process also has an oil storage function, which can lubricate and cool the workpiece during service.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置，包含一激光发射器、一复合滚压轴、一液压系统、一数控平台和一控制系统。复合滚压轴包含一轴棒和一滚压头，所述的轴棒的一端伸入所述的旋转电机内，所述的轴棒的另一端与所述的滚压头相连接，所述的滚压头的左端侧壁上设有一滚压珠，所述的滚压珠抵住一连杆轴圈，所述的滚压头的右端设有一光路套筒，所述的光路套筒通过一卡扣安装有一圆锥全反镜，所述的圆锥全反镜的反射光束通过所述的滚压头形成一环形激光带，所述的环形激光带对所述的连杆轴圈的局部进行激光喷丸强化。可获得更大、更均匀的表面硬度和表层残余压应力，以及更深的残余压应力影响层深度。

Description

一种用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置及其方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种发动机零件，更确切地说，是一种用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置及其方法。
背景技术
发动机的连杆体由连杆小头、连杆大头和连杆杆身这三部分构成，与活塞销连接的部分称连杆小头，并将活塞所受作用力传给曲轴，与曲轴连接的部分称连杆大头，将活塞的往复运动转变为曲轴的旋转运动。连接小头与大头的杆部称连杆杆身。连杆要求轴圈有足够的刚性和韧性，其表面质量直接影响与曲轴连接的密封性和稳定性。在加工连杆轴圈时，除了降低表面粗糙度以外，提升轴圈的表面硬度和表层残余压应力可以增强轴圈的耐磨性及耐腐蚀性，从而提高整个连杆的服役寿命和可靠性。
目前，连杆轴圈表面的硬化工艺主要有感应加热表面淬火、气体软氮化处理感应、抛丸强化、滚压强化及激光喷丸强化等。其中感应加热表面淬火可以使连杆轴圈的表面硬度高，而且淬硬层深度易于控制，淬火操作容易实现机械化和自动化，使用简便、劳动条件好，但存在接触强度，接触疲劳寿命都不足的缺点，并且只适用于外形简单的零件，不适合形状复杂的零件。气体软氮化后的曲轴具有致密的相，因此具有较高的耐磨性，且表层化合物具有减磨作用。氮化层具有残余应力，且氮原子的渗入阻碍了位错运动，防止了疲劳裂纹的产生和扩散，使疲劳强度得以提高，但对工艺和操作要求较高，且成本较高，不适合对连杆轴圈表面进行强化处理。中国专利公开了一种激光喷丸复合滚压强化表面改性的方法及装置，提出了结合滚压强化和激光喷丸的增益效果，可获得较好的表面强化质量和均匀的残余应力分布，但由于专利中滚压轮体积大，较为适合强化大面积规则块状或板状金属材料，无法实现连杆轴圈内表面或其他不规则复杂曲面的精准强化。中国专利公开了一种回转体的激光喷丸复合滚 压强化的装置及其方法装置，喷丸复合滚压可以使得铸件获得良好的表面性能，这种装置中是用来加工工件的外表面，对于连杆轴圈等工件的内表面不能进行有效和精准加工。
发明内容
本发明主要是解决现有技术所存在的技术问题，从而提供一种用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置及其方法。
本发明的上述技术问题主要是通过下述技术方案得以解决的：
一种用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置，包含一激光发射器、一复合滚压轴、一液压系统、一数控平台和一控制系统，
所述的数控平台上设有一旋转电机，所述的复合滚压轴装夹与所述的旋转电机上，所述的数控平台上设有一进给电机，所述的进给电机上设有一用于安装工件的夹具体。
作为本发明较佳的实施例，所述的复合滚压轴包含一轴棒和一滚压头，所述的轴棒的一端伸入所述的旋转电机内，所述的轴棒的另一端与所述的滚压头相连接，所述的滚压头的左端侧壁上设有一滚压珠，所述的滚压珠抵住一连杆轴圈，所述的滚压头的右端设有一光路套筒，所述的光路套筒通过一卡扣安装有一圆锥全反镜，所述的圆锥全反镜的反射光束通过所述的滚压头形成一环形激光带，所述的环形激光带对所述的连杆轴圈的局部进行激光喷丸强化，
所述的液压系统为所述的复合滚压轴提供动力，且所述的液压系统包含一油缸、一油管和一活塞顶杆，所述的油缸通过一螺栓连接于所述的复合滚压轴的上方，所述的活塞顶杆的一端伸入所述的油缸的内部，所述的活塞顶杆的另一端伸出并与一压力传感器相接触，
所述的控制系统包含一电气控制箱和一计算机，所述的电气控制箱接收所述的压力传感器的电信号，并将电信号传递给所述的计算机，所述的计算机控制所述的激光发射器、复合滚压轴、液压系统、旋转电机和进给电机协同工作。
作为本发明较佳的实施例，所述的压力传感器设置在所述的滚压珠与活塞 顶杆之间，且所述的压力传感器用于测量连杆轴圈受到的滚压力，所述的控制系统读取所述的压力传感器的值，且控制所述的液压系统输出的推力。。
作为优选，所述的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置还包含一喷淋系统，所述的喷淋系统安装在所述的数控平台上，用于将水帘喷射在所述的连杆轴圈的待加工表面。
作为优选，所述的滚压珠与连杆轴圈的接触部位材料为Cr12MoV，所述的滚压珠材料的硬度为58-60HRC。
一种利用如前述的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置对连杆轴圈进行加工的方法，包含步骤：
步骤S1、将所述的复合滚压轴的一端用所述的旋转电机夹紧，然后将所述的连杆轴圈的表面打磨抛光处理并涂覆黑漆，将所述的连杆轴圈安装到所述的夹具体上，；
步骤S2、调整所述的连杆轴圈的中心线与所述的复合滚压轴的旋转中心线在一条水平线上，夹紧所述的夹具体，所述夹具体带动所述的连杆轴圈沿Z轴方向移动；
步骤S3、所述的控制系统为所述的活塞顶杆提供动力，所述的活塞顶杆推动滚压珠，对所述的连杆轴圈施加预设压力载荷；
步骤S4、所述的控制系统控制所述的激光发射器并产生激光束，所述的激光束通过光路和一聚光镜后，聚焦在所述的连杆轴圈内表面上；
步骤S5、通过所述的控制系统启动所述的旋转电机，使得所述的旋转电机沿Z轴方向旋转，同时，通过所述的控制系统启动一工件平移电机，控制阶梯轴带动所述的连杆轴圈沿Z轴方向平移；
步骤S6、所述的激光发射器发出激光束，通过所述的复合滚压轴内部的圆锥全反镜与聚焦镜，对连杆轴圈表面激光喷丸强化表面改性；
步骤S7、关闭所述的激光发射器，旋转主轴停转，取出工件，清理所述的连杆轴圈上的残留的黑漆。
本发明的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置及其方法具有以下优 点：
1、本发明采用复合滚压轴沿Z轴旋转配合滚压头沿Z轴进给，两种旋转轨迹形成一个圆形曲面，使滚压珠能够对轴圈进行滚压，通过调整滚压头内压力大小以获得所需滚压载荷，通过激光器与光路输送部分实现激光喷丸强化工艺，从而精确地完成连杆轴圈的复合表面强化。
2、本发明在连杆轴圈上先进行全面的滚压强化，使连杆轴圈具有较大的硬化层，后对连杆轴圈进行局部的激光喷丸强化工艺，结合了激光喷丸和滚压强化的增益效果，可获得更大、更均匀的表面硬度和表层残余压应力，以及更深的残余压应力影响层深度。激光喷丸工艺残留的低凹波谷，还具有储油功能，在工件服役期间能够进行润滑和冷却。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1中的强化装置的剖面结构示意图；
图3为图1中的强化装置的剖面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
如图1至图3所示，该用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置，包含一激光发射器14、一复合滚压轴、一液压系统、一数控平台1和一控制系统。
该数控平台1上设有一旋转电机7，该复合滚压轴装夹与该旋转电机7上， 该数控平台1上设有一进给电机4，该进给电机4上设有一用于安装工件的夹具体3。
该复合滚压轴包含一轴棒8和一滚压头9，该轴棒8的一端伸入该旋转电机7内，该轴棒8的另一端与该滚压头9相连接，该滚压头9的左端侧壁上设有一滚压珠20，该滚压珠20抵住一连杆轴圈10，该滚压头9的右端设有一光路套筒29，该光路套筒29通过一卡扣32安装有一圆锥全反镜31，该圆锥全反镜31的反射光束12通过该滚压头9形成一环形激光带，该环形激光带对该连杆轴圈10的局部进行激光喷丸强化。
该液压系统为该复合滚压轴提供动力，且该液压系统包含一油缸28、一油管11和一活塞顶杆27，该油缸28通过一螺栓26连接于该复合滚压轴的上方，该活塞顶杆27的一端伸入该油缸28的内部，该活塞顶杆27的另一端伸出并与一压力传感器23相接触。
该控制系统包含一电气控制箱6和一计算机5，该电气控制箱6接收该压力传感器23的电信号，并将电信号传递给该计算机5，该计算机5控制该激光发射器14、复合滚压轴、液压系统、旋转电机7和进给电机4协同工作。
该压力传感器23设置在该滚压珠20与活塞顶杆27之间，且该压力传感器23用于测量连杆轴圈10受到的滚压力，该控制系统读取该压力传感器23的值，且控制该液压系统输出的推力。
该用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置还包含一喷淋系统2，该喷淋系统1安装在该数控平台1上，用于将水帘喷射在该连杆轴圈10的待加工表面。
该滚压珠20与连杆轴圈10的接触部位材料为Cr12MoV，该滚压珠20材料的硬度为58-60HRC。
下面介绍该强化装置对连杆轴圈进行加工的方法，包含步骤：
步骤S1、将该复合滚压轴的一端用该旋转电机7夹紧，然后将该连杆轴圈10的表面打磨抛光处理并涂覆黑漆15，黑漆15的厚度为50-80μm，然后进行风干处理，最后将该连杆轴圈10安装到该夹具体3上，；
步骤S2、调整该连杆轴圈10的中心线与该复合滚压轴的旋转中心线在一条 水平线上，夹紧该夹具体3，所述夹具体3带动该连杆轴圈10沿Z轴方向移动；
步骤S3、该控制系统为该活塞顶杆27提供动力，该活塞顶杆27推动滚压珠20，对该连杆轴圈10施加预设压力载荷；
步骤S4、该控制系统控制该激光发射器14并产生激光束12，该激光束12通过光路和一聚光镜30后，聚焦在该连杆轴圈10内表面上。需要说明的是，通过计算机5设定激光喷丸参数，编译程序控制激光器、复合滚压轴、液压系统、旋转电机7和工件进给电机4协同工作，并记录此时压力传感器23电流信号，激光参数中的激光束功率密度为2～10GW/cm2，光斑直径为1～3mm，搭接率为25～50％；
步骤S5、通过该控制系统启动该旋转电机7，使得该旋转电机7以1～2cm/s的速率沿Z轴方向旋转，同时，通过该控制系统启动一工件平移电机，控制阶梯轴带动该连杆轴圈10以1～2cm/s的速率沿Z轴方向平移；
步骤S6、该激光发射器14发出激光束12，通过该复合滚压轴内部的圆锥全反镜31与聚焦镜30，对连杆轴圈表面激光喷丸强化表面改性；
步骤S7、关闭该激光发射器14，旋转主轴停转，取出工件，清理该连杆轴圈10上的残留的黑漆15。整个过程简单高效，可提高连杆轴圈表面硬度，获得较大的硬化层，有效降低表面粗糙值，同时获得较优的表层残余压应力分布。
本强化装置采用复合滚压轴沿Z轴旋转配合滚压头沿Z轴进给，两种旋转轨迹形成一个圆形曲面，使滚压珠能够对轴圈进行滚压，通过调整滚压头内压力大小以获得所需滚压载荷，通过激光器与光路输送部分实现激光喷丸强化工艺，从而精确地完成连杆轴圈的复合表面强化。
本强化装置在连杆轴圈上先进行全面的滚压强化，使连杆轴圈具有较大的硬化层，后对连杆轴圈进行局部的激光喷丸强化工艺，结合了激光喷丸和滚压强化的增益效果，可获得更大、更均匀的表面硬度和表层残余压应力，以及更深的残余压应力影响层深度。激光喷丸工艺残留的低凹波谷，还具有储油功能，在工件服役期间能够进行润滑和冷却。
不局限于此，任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发 明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置，包含一激光发射器(14)、一复合滚压轴、一液压系统、一数控平台(1)和一控制系统，
    所述的数控平台(1)上设有一旋转电机(7)，所述的复合滚压轴装夹与所述的旋转电机(7)上，所述的数控平台(1)上设有一进给电机(4)，所述的进给电机(4)上设有一用于安装工件的夹具体(3)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置，其特征在于，所述的复合滚压轴包含一轴棒(8)和一滚压头(9)，所述的轴棒(8)的一端伸入所述的旋转电机(7)内，所述的轴棒(8)的另一端与所述的滚压头(9)相连接，所述的滚压头(9)的左端侧壁上设有一滚压珠(20)，所述的滚压珠(20)抵住一连杆轴圈(10)，所述的滚压头(9)的右端设有一光路套筒(29)，所述的光路套筒(29)通过一卡扣(32)安装有一圆锥全反镜(31)，所述的圆锥全反镜(31)的反射光束(12)通过所述的滚压头(9)形成一环形激光带，所述的环形激光带对所述的连杆轴圈(10)的局部进行激光喷丸强化，
    所述的液压系统为所述的复合滚压轴提供动力，且所述的液压系统包含一油缸(28)、一油管(11)和一活塞顶杆(27)，所述的油缸(28)通过一螺栓(26)连接于所述的复合滚压轴的上方，所述的活塞顶杆(27)的一端伸入所述的油缸(28)的内部，所述的活塞顶杆(27)的另一端伸出并与一压力传感器(23)相接触，
    所述的控制系统包含一电气控制箱(6)和一计算机(5)，所述的电气控制箱(6)接收所述的压力传感器(23)的电信号，并将电信号传递给所述的计算机(5)，所述的计算机(5)控制所述的激光发射器(14)、复合滚压轴、液压系统、旋转电机(7)和进给电机(4)协同工作。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置，其特征在于，所述的压力传感器(23)设置在所述的滚压珠(20)与活塞顶杆(27)之间，且所述的压力传感器(23)用于测量连杆轴圈(10)受到的滚压力，所述的控制系统读取所述的压力传感器(23)的值，且控制所述的液压系统输出的推力。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置，其特征在于，所述的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置还包含一喷淋系统(2)，所述的喷淋系统(1)安装在所述的数控平台(1)上，用于将水帘喷射在所述的连杆轴圈(10)的待加工表面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置，其特征在于，所述的滚压珠(20)与连杆轴圈(10)的接触部位材料为Cr12MoV，所述的滚压珠(20)材料的硬度为58-60HRC。
  6. 一种利用如权利要求2中所述的用于连杆轴圈的激光喷丸复合滚压强化装置对连杆轴圈进行加工的方法，包含步骤：
    步骤S1、将所述的复合滚压轴的一端用所述的旋转电机(7)夹紧，然后将所述的连杆轴圈(10)的表面打磨抛光处理并涂覆黑漆(15)，将所述的连杆轴圈(10)安装到所述的夹具体(3)上，；
    步骤S2、调整所述的连杆轴圈(10)的中心线与所述的复合滚压轴的旋转中心线在一条水平线上，夹紧所述的夹具体(3)，所述夹具体(3)带动所述的连杆轴圈(10)沿Z轴方向移动；
    步骤S3、所述的控制系统为所述的活塞顶杆(27)提供动力，所述的活塞顶杆(27)推动滚压珠(20)，对所述的连杆轴圈(10)施加预设压力载荷；
    步骤S4、所述的控制系统控制所述的激光发射器(14)并产生激光束(12)，所述的激光束(12)通过光路和一聚光镜(30)后，聚焦在所述的连杆轴圈(10)内表面上；
    步骤S5、通过所述的控制系统启动所述的旋转电机(7)，使得所述的旋转电机(7)沿Z轴方向旋转，同时，通过所述的控制系统启动一工件平移电机，控制阶梯轴带动所述的连杆轴圈(10)沿Z轴方向平移；
    步骤S6、所述的激光发射器(14)发出激光束(12)，通过所述的复合滚压轴内部的圆锥全反镜(31)与聚焦镜(30)，对连杆轴圈表面激光喷丸强化表面改性；
    步骤S7、关闭所述的激光发射器(14)，旋转主轴停转，取出工件，清理所 述的连杆轴圈(10)上的残留的黑漆(15)。
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