WO2022137990A1 - 視機能検査装置、眼鏡レンズ提示システム、印刷物、視機能検査方法、眼鏡レンズの提示方法、及びプログラム - Google Patents
視機能検査装置、眼鏡レンズ提示システム、印刷物、視機能検査方法、眼鏡レンズの提示方法、及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a visual function test device, a spectacle lens presentation system, a printed matter, a visual function test method, a spectacle lens presentation method, and a program.
- Patent Document 1 An evaluation device for evaluating the glare of a light source felt by a subject is known (Patent Document 1).
- One aspect of the present invention includes an answer information acquisition unit that acquires answer information indicating an answer about the glare felt by the subject with respect to an optotype based on the glare illusion, and the answer information acquired by the answer information acquisition unit. Based on this, it is a visual function test device including a glare index calculation unit that calculates an index of glare felt by the subject.
- One aspect of the present invention includes the above-mentioned visual function test device and the spectacle lens presenting device, and the spectacle lens presenting device is a spectacle suitable for the subject based on the index calculated by the visual function test device. It is a spectacle lens presentation system including a spectacle lens determination unit for determining a lens and a spectacle lens information presentation unit for presenting information about the spectacle lens determined by the spectacle lens determination unit.
- One aspect of the present invention is an optotype based on the glare illusion, which is a plurality of printed matter on which a plurality of optotypes having different degrees of causing the glare illusion are printed.
- One aspect of the present invention is to acquire response information indicating an answer about the glare felt by the subject to an optotype based on the glare illusion, and the glare felt by the subject based on the acquired response information. It is a visual illusion test method having the calculation of an index of.
- One aspect of the present invention is to acquire response information indicating an answer about the glare felt by the subject to an optotype based on the glare illusion, and to obtain the glare felt by the subject based on the acquired response information.
- a method for presenting a spectacle lens which comprises calculating an index of the spectacle lens, determining a spectacle lens suitable for the subject based on the calculated index, and presenting information about the determined spectacle lens. Is.
- One aspect of the present invention was acquired in the answer information acquisition step of acquiring the answer information indicating the answer about the glare felt by the subject to the optotype based on the glare illusion, and the answer information acquisition step. It is a program for executing a glare index calculation step of calculating an index of glare felt by the subject based on the answer information.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the visual function test system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the visual function test system 1 is a system for inspecting the sensitivity of the subject T1 to glare as the visual function of the subject T1.
- the visual function test system 1 tests the sensitivity of the subject T1 to glare using the glare illusion.
- the glare illusion is a type of psychological illusion phenomenon in humans who perceive light.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern that causes a glare illusion according to the present embodiment.
- the white portion R11 in the white test paper, the white portion R11 is surrounded by a rectangle having a luminance gradient.
- the rectangle has a gradient in which the brightness increases from the periphery far from the white portion R11 toward the center near the white portion R11.
- the brightness of the white portion R11 and the brightness of the background R12 are the same as each other.
- the white portion R11 is perceived to be psychologically brighter than the background R12, and the impression that the white portion R11 is emitting is created.
- the glare illusion refers to such an illusion phenomenon.
- the glare illusion is caused by staring at a region (called a central region) surrounded by a region having a luminance gradient (called a peripheral region).
- a region having a luminance gradient called a peripheral region.
- the luminance gradient in the peripheral region induces the impression of light emission. Therefore, by changing the luminance gradient in the peripheral region, the degree of impression of light emission in the central region can be changed.
- the visual function inspection system 1 includes a visual function inspection device 2, a display device 3, and an input device 4.
- the display device 3 displays the glare illusion image A1.
- the glare illusion image A1 is an image including the glare optotype G1.
- the glare optotype G1 is an optotype based on the glare illusion.
- the subject inputs to the visual function test device 2 whether or not he / she feels dazzling when he / she gazes at the glare illusion image A1 displayed on the display device 3.
- the visual function test device 2 calculates an index for the glare felt by the subject T1 based on the answer. Further, the visual function inspection device 2 has a function of generating a glare illusion image A1 based on the input parameter A4. Details of the glare illusion image A1 and the parameter A4 will be described later.
- the visual function test device 2 is, for example, a personal computer (PC).
- the visual function test device 2 is provided in, for example, an optician or an ophthalmologist.
- the display device 3 is, for example, a liquid crystal display, an organic electroluminescence (EL) display, or the like.
- the display device 3 may be a self-luminous display device or a projection type display device, in addition to a display device that requires a backlight such as a liquid crystal display.
- the input device 4 is, for example, a mouse.
- the input device 4 may be a keyboard or a button switch.
- the input device 4 may be a touch panel integrally configured with the display device 3.
- the visual function test device 2 may be a smartphone, a tablet terminal, or the like.
- the display device 3 and the input device 4 are provided as a touch panel integrally with the visual function inspection device 2.
- the display device 3 may be a head-mounted display.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the visual function test apparatus 2 according to the present embodiment.
- the visual function inspection device 2 includes a control device 5, an arithmetic unit 6, and a storage device 7.
- the control device 5 reads a program from the storage device 7 and executes various controls according to the read program.
- the arithmetic unit 6 performs various operations.
- the control device 5 and the arithmetic unit 6 form a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- the storage device 7 is composed of a main storage device and an auxiliary storage device.
- the main memory temporarily stores programs and data.
- the main storage device is a so-called memory, which is a volatile storage device.
- the auxiliary storage device is a large-capacity and non-volatile storage device.
- the auxiliary storage device is configured by using a storage device such as a semiconductor storage device such as a magnetic hard disk device or a flash memory, or an optical storage device such as a CD or a DVD.
- the output device 8 outputs various information.
- the output device 8 includes the display device 3 shown in FIG.
- the output device 8 may include a printer.
- the printer is, for example, a printer using a method such as a laser printer, an inkjet printer, or a thermal transfer printer.
- the printer performs one or more of color printing and black-and-white printing.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the visual function test system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the visual function test device 2 includes a control unit 20 and a storage unit 21.
- the control unit 20 includes a glare illusion image presentation unit 200, an operation reception unit 201, a response information acquisition unit 202, a glare index calculation unit 203, and a presentation unit 204.
- the control unit 20 is realized by the control device 5 and the arithmetic unit 6 shown in FIG.
- Each functional unit included in the control unit 20 is realized by the control device 5 reading a program from the storage unit 21 and executing processing.
- the glare illusion image presentation unit 200 presents the glare illusion image A1.
- the glare illusion image presenting unit 200 presents the glare illusion image A1 to the subject T1 by displaying the glare illusion image A1 on the display device 3.
- the operation reception unit 201 receives various operations from the input device 4.
- the various operations received by the operation reception unit 201 include an operation in which the subject T1 inputs an answer from the input device 4.
- the answer input by the subject T1 is an answer about the glare felt by the subject T1 with respect to the glare illusion image A1 presented by the glare illusion image presenting unit 200.
- the response information acquisition unit 202 acquires the response by the subject T1 input by the operation received by the operation reception unit 201 as the response information A2.
- the answer information A2 is information indicating an answer about the glare felt by the subject T1 with respect to the glare optotype G1.
- the glare index calculation unit 203 calculates the glare index A3 based on the response information A2 acquired by the response information acquisition unit 202.
- the glare index A3 is an index for the glare felt by the subject T1.
- the presentation unit 204 presents the glare index A3 calculated by the glare index calculation unit 203.
- the presentation unit 204 presents the glare index A3 by displaying the glare index A3 on the display device 3, for example.
- the storage unit 21 stores various types of information.
- the various information stored in the storage unit 21 includes the glare illusion image information 210.
- the glare illusion image information 210 is information indicating the glare illusion image A1.
- the storage unit 21 is realized by an auxiliary storage device included in the storage device 7 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the glare optotype G12 according to the present embodiment.
- the glare optotype G12 is included in the glare illusion image P2, which is an example of the glare illusion image A1.
- the glare illusion image A1 is generated in advance and stored in the storage unit 21.
- the glare illusion image P2 is a grayscale image as an example.
- the glare illusion image P2 is a rectangular image.
- the glare optotype G1 is drawn on the background R23.
- the glare optotype G1 includes a central region R21 and a guidance region R22. Therefore, the glare illusion image P2 includes a central region R21, a guidance region R22, and a background R23.
- the central region R21 is a circular region located in the center of the glare illusion image P2.
- the central region R21 is displayed at a predetermined luminance.
- the guidance region R22 has a shape surrounded by concentric circles composed of two circles, and in the guidance region R22, the inner circle of the concentric circles coincides with the contour of the central region R21.
- the induction region R22 has a luminance gradient in which the luminance increases from the outside to the inside.
- the induction region R22 has a maximum luminance in the innermost portion, and the maximum luminance is equal to the luminance of the central region R21.
- the induction region R22 has a minimum luminance in the outermost portion, and the minimum luminance is equal to the luminance of the background R23.
- the background R23 is the rest of the glare illusion image P2 excluding the central region R21 and the guidance region R22.
- the background R23 is displayed at a predetermined luminance lower than the luminance of the central region R21.
- the glare illusion image A1 is a grayscale image as in the glare illusion image P2 shown in FIG. 5
- the glare illusion image A1 may be created and displayed using any color.
- each value (R, G, B) of the RGB value takes a certain value in each of the central region and the background.
- any one or more of the RGB values (R, G, B) change with a certain gradient.
- each value (S, H) changes with a certain gradient.
- H (hue) corresponds to the type of color and may be any value. Considering the HSV color space, in the case of a grayscale image, only H (brightness) changes.
- Subject T1 gazes at the central region R21 in the examination of sensitivity to glare.
- the central region R21 and the induction region R22 are in contact with each other in the portion where the brightness of the induction region R22 is maximum.
- the amount of the enhancement by the magnitude estimation method, it is revealed that the central region is perceived to be 20% to 35% brighter than the referenced white color by the glare illusion.
- the glare effect differs depending on the hue and shape of the luminance gradient of the induction region.
- the luminance gradient of luminance is, for example, a gradient that follows the positive part of the Gaussian function.
- the luminance gradient of the luminance may be changed linearly and then converted by gamma correction.
- the degree of the light emission phenomenon in the central region can be changed by the luminance gradient of the induction region. Further, by arranging the streaks in a radial pattern with respect to the generated glare optotype, it is possible to cause a stronger luminescence phenomenon in the central region. It is also possible to change the light emission phenomenon in the central region by changing the maximum and minimum luminance of the induction region and changing the size and shape of the induction region.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of parameters for creating the glare illusion image A1.
- the parameters shown in FIG. 6 are, for example, parameters used when creating a glare illusion image A1 using the open source library OpenCV for computer vision.
- the central region R21 is designated by radius, center coordinates, and brightness.
- Luminance is specified, for example, using RGB values in hexacode.
- the induction region R22 is designated by a radius, a maximum luminance, a minimum luminance, and a luminance gradient.
- the background R23 is specified by the screen resolution and the brightness.
- the glare illusion image P2 is an image created based on a gray scale.
- the diameter of the circular central region R21 is 26.288 mm (53 pixels).
- the diameter of the inner circle of the induction region R22, which is concentric, is 26.288 mm (53 pixels).
- the outer shape of the background R23 is equal to the maximum display range of the display.
- the background R23 is displayed as a rectangle having a horizontal length of 476.6 mm and a vertical length of 268.1 mm. Will be done.
- FIG. 7 shows the parameters used to create the glare illusion image P2.
- the parameters shown in FIG. 7 are the same as the parameters shown in FIG. 6 and are the parameters used when creating the glare illusion image A1 using OpenCV.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an outline of the double vertical method according to the present embodiment.
- the absolute threshold here is a boundary regarding whether or not the subject T1 feels glare, and corresponds to the psychological amount at which the subject T1 begins to feel glare.
- a physical quantity with respect to an absolute threshold corresponding to a psychological quantity at which glare begins to be felt is calculated.
- the subject T1 sits on a chair so that the distance between the display device 3 and the eyes of the subject T1 is 1.5 m.
- the fixed viewpoint image P51 is presented on the display device 3.
- a fixed viewpoint is presented in the fixed viewpoint image P51.
- the position of the fixed viewpoint presented on the fixed viewpoint image P51 is adjusted so as to match the eye height of the subject T1.
- the subject T1 gazes at the glare optotype G1 presented on the display device 3 and determines whether or not he / she feels glare.
- a button switch an example of the input device 4 held in his / her hand.
- the visual function test device 2 presents a blank image P52 on which a blank is displayed for 30 seconds. After that, the visual function test device 2 presents a glare illusion image P53 including a glare optotype for 1.8 seconds. After the presentation of the glare optotype, the blank image P54 is presented for 30 seconds. Subject T1 replies whether or not he / she felt glare during the 30 seconds in which the blank image P54 was presented. After 30 seconds, the visual function test device 2 presents a glare illusion image P55 including a glare optotype for 1.8 seconds.
- the luminance value in the central region of the glare optotype G1 included in the glare illusion image P55 is different from the luminance value in the central region of the glare illusion image P53 presented earlier.
- the glare illusion image and the blank image are alternately presented to the subject T1 while changing the luminance value in the central region of the plurality of glare illusion images A1.
- the plurality of glare illusion images A1 include an ascending series in which the luminance value in the central region increases in the order in which they are presented, and a descending sequence in which the luminance value in the central region decreases in the order in which they are presented.
- the glare illusion image A1 included in the ascending series and the glare illusion image A1 included in the descending series are alternately presented with respect to the glare illusion image A1 to be presented.
- the ascending sequence and the descending sequence are presented in parallel.
- the luminance value in the central region of the glare optotype changes in 15 steps for each of the ascending sequence and the descending sequence.
- the glare illusion image P53 shown in FIG. 8 is the glare illusion image A1 having the maximum luminance value in the central region of the descending series
- the glare illusion image P55 is the glare having the smallest luminance value in the central region of the ascending series. It is an illusion image A1.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the number of trials in the double vertical method according to the present embodiment and the luminance value in the central region of the presented glare optotype.
- an ascending-series luminance value graph SQ1 is shown as a graph showing the ascending-series luminance values for each number of trials
- a descending-series luminance value graph SQ2 is shown as a graph showing the descending-series luminance values for each number of trials. ing.
- the glare illusion image A1 in which the brightness value of the central region was lowered by one step from the glare illusion image A1 was displayed from the next time onward. It is presented at the time of presentation of the ascending series of. If the subject T1 feels not dazzling in the ascending series from the next time onward, the glare illusion image A1 in which the brightness value of the central region is increased by one step is presented in the ascending series from the next time onward. Will be done.
- the glare illusion image A1 included in the ascending series is presented by lowering the luminance value when the answer is that the person feels dazzling and increasing the luminance value when the answer is that the person feels not dazzling.
- the luminance value is lowered when the answer is that it feels dazzling, and the luminance value is increased when the answer is that it is not dazzling. Will be presented in order.
- the difference in the luminance value in the central region between the ascending series and the descending series becomes smaller with the number of trials.
- the answer that the person felt dazzling and the answer that he / she felt not dazzling were repeated in the end.
- the inspection is completed in the seventh trial number "15".
- the average value of the brightness values in the central regions of the ascending and descending series in the range where the answers are repeated is calculated as the absolute threshold. From the calculated absolute threshold, the sensitivity to glare is confirmed as the sensitivity to the glare of the subject T1. According to the magnitude estimation method used in the experimental psychology experiment described later, the relationship between the physical quantity and the psychological quantity can be expressed by one equation.
- the calculated absolute threshold corresponds to a psychological quantity, and by estimating the physical quantity from the absolute threshold by the magnitude estimation method, an appropriate lens for the subject T1 can be proposed.
- the calculated absolute threshold is an example of the above-mentioned glare index A3.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of the luminance value of each region of the glare illusion image P2 used in the double vertical method.
- the luminance value in the central region of the glare optotype changes in 15 steps for each of the ascending sequence and the descending sequence.
- the glare optotypes from the index number "15a" to the optotype number "1a” form an ascending sequence in this order.
- the glare optotypes from the index number "1a” to the optotype number "15a” form a descending sequence in this order.
- the maximum luminance in the induction region is equal to the luminance value in the central region and changes with the optotype number.
- the minimum brightness is constant for the optotype number.
- the brightness value of the background is the same as the minimum brightness of the induction region.
- the target average is the average of the luminance values of the central region R21 and the induction region R22.
- the unit of the luminance value is cd / m2.
- the glare illusion image A1 used in the double vertical method is not limited to the glare illusion image P2 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of the glare illusion image A1 according to the present embodiment.
- the glare illusion image P3 is shown as the glare illusion image A1.
- the glare illusion image P3 is composed of a central region R31, a guidance region R32, and a background R33, similarly to the glare illusion image P2.
- the central region R31 and the induction region R32 form a glare optotype G13.
- a light trail R34 (streak) having a gradation extending in the radial direction from the central region R31 is added to the glare illusion image A1 such as the glare illusion image P2.
- the glare illusion image P3 includes six light trails R34 extending in different directions by 60 degrees.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the luminance value of each region of the glare illusion image P3 used in the double vertical method according to the present embodiment.
- the average luminance of the optotype is slightly higher than the average luminance of the optotype shown in FIG. 10 when the glare illusion image A1 such as the glare illusion image P2 is used.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of the luminance value of each region for another glare illusion image used in the double vertical method according to the present embodiment.
- the induction region has a luminance gradient in which the luminance decreases toward the outer boundary.
- the minimum value of the luminance value in the induction region is half the maximum value as compared with the examples shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, and the luminance gradient changes gently. ..
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of an outline of the magnitude estimation method according to the present embodiment.
- the physical quantity and the psychological quantity can be expressed by the following equation (1).
- the psychological quantity J is a numerical value based on the response of the subject T1 when the subject T1 is stimulated.
- the physical quantity I is a physical quantity indicating the stimulus.
- the magnitude estimation method since the physical quantity and the psychological quantity are expressed by the equation (1), it is possible to estimate the psychological quantity for the glare of the subject under unknown conditions by using machine learning or the like.
- the magnitude estimation method is a method in which one reference target is determined and its sensory size is directly estimated numerically in comparison with the reference target.
- the psychological quantity J is multiplied by the brightness of the target displayed after the blank image, or how many minutes. It is a subjective evaluation value evaluated based on the answer of the subject T1 as to whether or not it looks like 1.
- the physical quantity I is the brightness (cd / m2) when the brightness of the target is measured by a luminance meter.
- the subject T1 sits on a chair so that the distance between the display device 3 and the eyes of the subject T1 is 1.0 m.
- the position of the fixed viewpoint presented on the fixed viewpoint image P51 is adjusted so as to match the eye height of the subject T1.
- the task of the subject T1 is to answer how many times or a fraction of the brightness of the second glare target presented to the first presented reference glare target.
- Subject T1 responds, for example, by manipulating a mouse.
- the fixed viewpoint image P61 is presented for 3000 milliseconds, then the reference glare illusion image P62 including the reference glare optotype is presented for 1000 milliseconds, and then the blank image P63 for 300 milliseconds is presented and then compared.
- a comparative glare illusion image P64 including optotypes was presented for 300 milliseconds.
- the random dot screen P65 is presented for 30 seconds as a mask stimulus to control the afterimage. While the random dot screen P65 is presented, the subject T1 replies the brightness of the comparative optotype when the reference glare optotype is 100.
- 15 glare illusion images P2 including each of the 15-step glare optotypes shown in FIG. 10 were used.
- the glare optotype G1 included in the glare illusion image P2 of the index number "12a" was used as the reference optotype.
- 15-step glare optotypes are presented in a random order. By randomizing the order in which they are presented, the comparative optotype to be presented to subject T1 next is not predicted.
- the psychological quantity J is the average value of the psychological quantity J for each physical quantity.
- the psychological quantity J is an example of the glare index A3.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of an inspection result by the magnitude estimation method according to the present embodiment.
- Luminance refers to the brightness of the central region of the glare optotype of each optotype number.
- the reference optotype is the glare optotype G1 having the optotype number “15a”.
- the relative value for each optotype number is a relative value of the brightness of the central region of the glare optotype of each optotype number when the brightness of the central region of the glare optotype G1 of the optotype number “15a” is 100. ..
- the average evaluation value of the subject T1 is an average value of the number of trials of the brightness answered by the subject T1 for each glare optotype with the number of trials being four.
- the visual function test device 2 calculates the constant k and the power number p in the above equation (1) based on the test result by the magnitude estimation method as shown in FIG. 15 and the predetermined analysis program.
- the calculation process is mainly executed by the glare index calculation unit 203. Once the constant k and the power number p are calculated, the relationship between the psychological quantity and the physical quantity of the subject T1 can be expressed as in the equation (1).
- FIG. 16 shows a graph in which the average evaluation value with respect to the relative value of the brightness in the central region of the glare optotype is plotted based on the inspection result by the magnitude estimation method shown in FIG.
- FIG. 17 shows a graph when the graph is plotted in both logarithms.
- the psychological quantity J corresponds to the average evaluation value
- the physical quantity I corresponds to the relative value of the brightness in the central region of the glare optotype.
- the coefficient of determination of the regression analysis is 0.94, and as shown in FIG. 17, it can be seen that there is a strong correlation between the relative value of luminance and the average evaluation value. Based on the equation (2), it is possible to estimate the psychological amount for the glare optotype, which was not used in the actual measurement.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the index calculation process according to the present embodiment.
- Step S10 The glare illusion image presenting unit 200 presents the glare illusion image A1.
- the glare illusion image presenting unit 200 presents the glare illusion image A1 to the subject T1 by displaying the glare illusion image A1 on the display device 3.
- the glare illusion image presenting unit 200 causes the display device 3 to display the glare illusion image A1 for a predetermined time.
- the glare illusion image presentation unit 200 causes the display device 3 to display a blank image as shown in FIG. 8 for a predetermined time before and after the glare illusion image A1 is presented, depending on the inspection method. Further, the glare illusion image presenting unit 200 presents a fixed-viewpoint image as shown in FIG. 8 before first presenting the glare illusion image A1.
- Step S20 The operation reception unit 201 accepts an operation in which the subject T1 inputs an answer from the input device 4.
- the answer is an answer about the glare felt by the subject T1 with respect to the glare illusion image A1 presented by the glare illusion image presenting unit 200.
- the answer is an answer according to the inspection method. For example, when the inspection method is the double vertical method, the answer is whether or not the subject T1 feels dazzling with respect to the glare illusion image A1 displayed on the display device 3.
- step S10 after the entire glare optotype G1 is presented, the subject T1 is the number of the glare illusion image A1 including the glare optotype G1 which is felt dazzling from the presented glare optotypes G1. May be answered.
- the operation reception unit 201 supplies the received response to the response information acquisition unit 202 as the response information A2.
- Step S30 The response information acquisition unit 202 acquires the response by the subject T1 input by the operation received by the operation reception unit 201 as the response information A2.
- the response information acquisition unit 202 supplies the acquired response information A2 to the glare index calculation unit 203.
- the response by the subject T1 input by the operation received by the operation reception unit 201 is a case where a plurality of glare optotypes G1 having different degrees of causing glare illusion are presented in a predetermined order.
- the response information acquisition unit 202 acquires the response information A2 indicating the plurality of responses.
- the predetermined order in which the plurality of glare optotypes G1 are presented may be the order of the luminance of the optotypes as in the case of the double vertical method, or may be the order of the brightness of the optotypes as in the case of the magnitude estimation method. May be.
- Step S40 The glare illusion image presenting unit 200 determines whether or not the end condition is satisfied.
- the end condition is a condition for ending the presentation of the glare illusion image A1.
- the end condition is a condition according to the inspection method. For example, when the inspection method is the double up / down method, the end condition is that the number of trials is a predetermined number of times (for example, after the answer that the person feels dazzling and the person who feels that the person is not dazzling are repeated. 7 times).
- step S40 determines that the end condition is satisfied (step S40; YES)
- the glare illusion image presentation unit 200 outputs a signal indicating that the end condition is satisfied to the glare index calculation unit 203, and outputs a signal indicating that the end condition is satisfied, and the glare index calculation unit 200.
- 203 executes the process of step 50.
- the process of step 10 is executed again.
- Step S50 The glare index calculation unit 203 calculates the glare index A3 based on the response information A2 acquired by the response information acquisition unit 202.
- the glare index calculation unit 203 calculates the glare index A3 according to the inspection method. For example, when the inspection method is the double vertical method, the glare index calculation unit 203 calculates the average value of the luminance values in the central regions of the ascending series and the descending series in the range where the answers are repeated, thereby glare.
- the absolute threshold is calculated as the index A3.
- the glare index calculation unit 203 may calculate a physical quantity from the measured psychological quantity based on the above-mentioned equation (1), and use the physical quantity as the glare index A3.
- the glare index calculation unit 203 supplies the calculated glare index A3 to the presentation unit 204.
- Step S60 The presentation unit 204 outputs the glare index A3 calculated by the glare index calculation unit 203.
- the presentation unit 204 outputs the glare index A3 to the display device 3, for example.
- the display device 3 displays the glare index A3 output from the presentation unit 204.
- the subject T1, the optician clerk, or the ophthalmologist uses a lens according to the sensitivity of the subject T1 to the glare as the lens of the spectacles to be provided to the subject T1 based on the glare index A3 displayed on the display device 3. You can choose.
- the presentation unit 204 may output the glare index A3 to an external database. With the above, the visual function test apparatus 2 ends the index calculation process.
- the visual function test device 2 includes a response information acquisition unit 202 and a glare index calculation unit 203.
- the response information acquisition unit 202 acquires response information A2 indicating an answer regarding the glare felt by the subject T1 to the optotype based on the glare illusion (glare optotype G1 in the present embodiment).
- the glare index calculation unit 203 calculates an index (glare index A3 in the present embodiment) regarding the glare felt by the subject T1 based on the response information A2 acquired by the response information acquisition unit 202.
- the visual function test apparatus 2 calculates an index of the glare felt by the subject T1 based on the answer about the glare felt by the subject T1 with respect to the optotype based on the glare illusion. Therefore, the sensitivity of the subject T1 to glare can be examined.
- the optotype based on the glare illusion is used for the test of the sensitivity of the subject T1 to the glare, it is necessary to actually use an index having a predetermined or higher luminance. There is no.
- a small screen such as a notebook PC, a smartphone, or a tablet terminal, sufficient brightness may not be realized.
- the visual function test apparatus 2 even if the screen on which the glare optotype G1 is displayed is a small screen, the subject T1 is made to feel more glare than it actually is based on the glare illusion. Can be done.
- the visual function inspection device 2 further includes a glare illusion image presentation unit 200 and a response input operation reception unit (operation reception unit 201 in the present embodiment).
- the glare illusion image presenting unit 200 presents a glare illusion image A1 which is an image including an optotype (glare optotype G1 in the present embodiment).
- the answer input operation reception unit (in the present embodiment, the operation reception unit 201) inputs an answer regarding the glare felt by the subject T1 to the glare illusion image A1 presented by the glare illusion image presentation unit 200.
- the answer information acquisition unit 202 acquires the answer about the glare felt by the subject T1 input by the operation received by the answer input operation reception unit (in the present embodiment, the operation reception unit 201) as the answer information A2. do.
- the visual function test device 2 can present the glare optotype G1 as an image and can accept an operation of inputting an answer about the glare felt by the subject T1, so that the test is smooth. Can be done.
- the response information acquisition unit 202 presents a plurality of optotypes (glare optotypes G1 in the present embodiment) having different degrees of causing glare illusion in a predetermined order.
- the response information A2 indicating a plurality of responses regarding the glare felt by the subject T1 to each of the plurality of optotypes (glare optotype G1 in the present embodiment) is acquired.
- the glare index calculation unit 203 calculates an index (glare index A3 in the present embodiment) based on the response information A2 acquired by the response information acquisition unit 202.
- the visual function test apparatus 2 is based on a plurality of answers about the glare felt by the subject T1 for each of the plurality of targets having different degrees of causing the glare illusion. Since the index for the glare felt by the user can be calculated, the accuracy of the calculated index can be improved as compared with the case where a plurality of optical illusions are not used.
- the present embodiment has described an example in which a plurality of optotypes having different degrees of causing glare illusion are presented, the present invention is not limited to this.
- One glare optotype G1 may be presented, or one type of glare optotype G1 may be presented multiple times.
- the visual function test device 2 and the display device 3 are provided in an optician, an ophthalmologist, or the like, and an example of a case where the visual function test of the subject T1 is performed has been described. , Not limited to this.
- the glare illusion image A1 is presented by a terminal device provided in an eyeglass shop or an ophthalmologist, and the glare illusion image A1 is stored and the glare index A3 is calculated by a recording device or a central processing unit (CPU) on the cloud, respectively. May be used.
- the visual function test system according to this modification is referred to as a visual function test system 1a.
- the same reference numerals may be given to the same configurations as those of the first embodiment described above, and the description thereof may be omitted for the same configurations and operations.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the mechanism configuration of the visual function test system 1a according to this modified example.
- the visual function inspection system 1a according to this modification includes a presentation device 2a, a visual function inspection device 2b, a display device 3, and an input device 4.
- the functional unit included in the visual function inspection device 2 described above is provided separately for the presentation device 2a and the visual function inspection device 2b.
- the presentation device 2a is, for example, a PC.
- the presenting device 2a is provided in an optician, an ophthalmologist, or the like, as an example.
- the presentation device 2a may be a smartphone, a tablet terminal, or the like.
- the display device 3 and the input device 4 are provided integrally with the presenting device 2a as a touch panel.
- the presenting device 2a may be a head-mounted display.
- the presenting device 2a includes a control unit 20a, a storage unit 21a, and a communication unit 22a.
- the control unit 20a includes a glare illusion image presentation unit 200, an operation reception unit 201, and a presentation unit 204.
- the glare illusion image presenting unit 200 acquires the glare illusion image A1 from the database 21c provided on the cloud, and displays the acquired glare illusion image A1 on the display device 3.
- the presentation unit 204 outputs the glare index A3 calculated by the visual function test device 2b to the display device 3.
- the storage unit 21a stores various types of information.
- the glare illusion image A1 does not have to be stored in the storage unit 21a.
- the communication unit 22a transmits and receives various types of information via the wireless network.
- the communication unit 22a includes a communication interface (I / F) for communicating via a wireless network.
- the presentation device 2a communicates with the visual function test device 2b and the database 21c via the communication unit 22a.
- the visual function inspection device 2b includes a control unit 20b, a storage unit 21b, and a communication unit 22b.
- the control unit 20b includes a response information acquisition unit 202 and a glare index calculation unit 203.
- the response information acquisition unit 202 acquires the response information A2 from the operation reception unit 201 provided in the presentation device 2a.
- the glare index calculation unit 203 outputs the calculated glare index A3 to the presentation unit 204 provided in the presentation device 2a.
- the storage unit 21b stores various types of information.
- the communication unit 22b transmits and receives various types of information via the wireless network.
- the communication unit 22a includes a communication interface (I / F) for communicating via a wireless network.
- the visual function inspection device 2b communicates with the presentation device 2a via the communication unit 22a.
- the database 21c is a database for storing the glare illusion image information 210.
- the database 21c supplies the glare illusion image A1 to the presentation device 2a in response to a request from the presentation device 2a.
- the second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- the first embodiment the case where the glare illusion image A1 is generated in advance and stored in the storage unit in the visual function test system 1 has been described.
- the visual function test system generates the glare illusion image A1 based on the input parameters will be described.
- the same reference numerals may be given to the same configurations as those of the first embodiment described above, and the description thereof may be omitted for the same configurations and operations.
- the visual function test system according to the present embodiment is referred to as a visual function test system 1d
- the visual function test device is referred to as a visual function test device 2d.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the visual function test system 1d according to the present embodiment.
- the visual function inspection device 2d includes a control unit 20d and a storage unit 21.
- the control unit 20d includes a glare illusion image presentation unit 200, an operation reception unit 201d, a response information acquisition unit 202, a glare index calculation unit 203, a presentation unit 204, a parameter acquisition unit 205d, and a glare illusion image generation unit. It is equipped with 206d.
- the operation reception unit 201d receives various operations from the input device 4d.
- the various operations received by the operation receiving unit 201d include an operation of inputting parameters for creating the glare illusion image A1.
- the parameter acquisition unit 205d acquires the parameter A4 input to the input device 4d from the operation reception unit 201.
- the parameter A4 is a parameter for generating the glare illusion image A1.
- the parameter A4 includes a central region parameter A41 and a guided region parameter A42.
- the central region parameter A41 is a parameter for the central region included in the glare illusion image A1.
- the guidance region parameter A42 is a parameter for the guidance region included in the glare illusion image A1.
- a specific example of the parameter A4 is the parameter shown in FIG. 6 described above.
- the glare illusion image generation unit 206d generates the glare illusion image A1 based on the parameter A4 acquired by the parameter acquisition unit 205d.
- the central region R21 and the guidance region R22 are arranged concentrically has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the shape of the central region may be polygonal or elliptical.
- the guidance region is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the central region, but the guidance region does not have to surround the entire outer peripheral portion of the central region, and is one of the outer peripheral portions of the central region. You may surround the part.
- the central region and the guide region are grayscale images, respectively, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the central region and the guide region may have colors other than black and white.
- the luminance gradient in the induction region may be either a gradient in which the luminance increases toward the central region or a gradient in which the luminance decreases toward the central region. It should be noted that the effect of the glare illusion is greater on the gradient with higher luminance than with the gradient with lower luminance.
- the background may be something other than the background of the glare illusion image A1 according to the present embodiment.
- the background may be any background, but in order to reduce the average brightness of the entire screen, it is preferable that the background brightness is small.
- the visual function test device 2d includes a parameter acquisition unit 205d and a glare illusion image generation unit 206d.
- the parameter acquisition unit 205d is a parameter for generating the glare illusion image A1, a central region parameter A41 which is a parameter for the central region R21 included in the glare illusion image A1, and a guidance region included in the glare illusion image A1.
- the induction region parameter A42 which is a parameter for R22, is acquired.
- the glare illusion image generation unit 206d generates a glare illusion image A1 based on the central region parameter A41 and the guidance region parameter A42 acquired by the parameter acquisition unit 205d.
- the visual function test device 2d can generate the glare illusion image A1, so that the labor and cost of preparing the glare illusion image A1 in advance can be saved.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the visual function test system 1e according to the present embodiment.
- the visual function inspection system 1e includes a visual function inspection device 2, a display device 3, an input device 4, and a spectacle lens presentation device 9e.
- the spectacle lens presentation device 9e may be provided integrally with the visual function test device 2. That is, each functional unit included in the spectacle lens presenting device 9e may be provided in the visual function inspection device 2.
- the spectacle lens presenting device 9e is, for example, a PC.
- the spectacle lens presenting device 9e is provided in a spectacle store, an ophthalmologist, etc. together with the visual function test device 2.
- the spectacle lens presenting device 9e includes a control unit 90e and a storage unit 91e.
- the control unit 90e includes a spectacle lens determination unit 900e and a spectacle lens information presentation unit 901e.
- the spectacle lens determination unit 900e determines the spectacle lens L suitable for the subject T1 based on the glare index A3 calculated by the visual function test device 2.
- the spectacle lens determination unit 900e may determine the parameter for the spectacle lens L1 to a value suitable for the subject T1, or the spectacle lens L suitable for the subject T1 from among a plurality of spectacle lenses L prepared in advance. May be selected.
- the spectacle lens information presentation unit 901e presents information about the spectacle lens L determined by the spectacle lens determination unit 900e.
- the information about the spectacle lens L determined by the spectacle lens determination unit 900e is referred to as spectacle lens information A5.
- the spectacle lens information presentation unit 901e outputs, for example, the spectacle lens information A5 to the display device 3.
- the display device 3 displays information about the spectacle lens L indicated by the spectacle lens information A5 output from the spectacle lens information presentation unit 901e.
- the spectacle lens determination unit 900e determines the spectacle lens L suitable for the subject T1 as follows, for example. Based on the above-mentioned equation (1) expressing the relationship between the physical quantity and the psychological quantity, and the relational expression between the background brightness and the light source brightness represented by the equation (3), the subject T1 observes a light source having a certain brightness in a certain environment. It is possible to estimate the sensitivity (glare feeling) to the glare in this case.
- Eyeglass frames can be considered.
- glasses are needed to provide better visibility for driving a night vehicle. In such a case, it is considered necessary to have glasses that can secure the field of view at night and avoid glare on the headlamps of oncoming vehicles.
- a lens containing a coloring material capable of absorbing a specific wavelength more it is conceivable to propose a lens containing a coloring material capable of absorbing a specific wavelength more.
- the environment background brightness information which is a table in which the environment and the background brightness information in the environment are associated with each other, is stored in advance in the storage unit 91e.
- the spectacle lens determination unit 900e determines in what environment the subject T1 wears the spectacles from the information about the lifestyle of the subject T1.
- the spectacle lens determination unit 900e observes a light source having a certain brightness in the determined environment by the subject T1 based on the glare index A3 calculated by the visual function test device 2, the determined environment, and the environmental background luminance information.
- the spectacle lens determination unit 900e determines the spectacle lens L suitable for the subject T1 based on the estimated sensitivity to glare (glare feeling).
- the visual function test system 1e includes a visual function test device 2 and a spectacle lens presentation device 9e.
- the spectacle lens presenting device 9e includes a spectacle lens determination unit 900e and a spectacle lens information presentation unit 901e.
- the spectacle lens determination unit 900e determines the spectacle lens L suitable for the subject T1 based on the index calculated by the visual function test device 2 (glare index A3 in the present embodiment).
- the spectacle lens information presentation unit 901e presents information about the spectacle lens L determined by the spectacle lens determination unit 900e (in the present embodiment, the spectacle lens information A5).
- the spectacle lens L suitable for the subject T1 can be determined based on the sensitivity of the subject T1 to the glare, the spectacles suitable for the subject T1 are determined based on the sensitivity.
- the lens L can be presented.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the visual function test system 1f according to the present embodiment.
- the visual function inspection system 1f includes a visual function inspection device 2, a display device 3, an input device 4, and a spectacle lens presentation device 9f.
- the spectacle lens presentation device 9f may be provided integrally with the visual function test device 2. That is, each functional unit included in the spectacle lens presenting device 9f may be provided in the visual function inspection device 2.
- the spectacle lens presenting device 9f includes a control unit 90f and a storage unit 91e.
- the control unit 90f includes a spectacle lens determination unit 900e, a spectacle lens information presentation unit 901e, an image generation unit 902f when wearing spectacles, and an image presentation unit 903f when wearing spectacles.
- the image generation unit 902f when wearing spectacles and the image presentation unit 903f when wearing spectacles may be provided separately from the spectacle lens presentation device 9f in the visual function inspection system 1f.
- the image generation unit 902f when wearing spectacles and the image presentation unit 903f when wearing spectacles may be provided in the visual function inspection device 2, or may be provided in a terminal device other than the visual function inspection device 2 or the spectacle lens presentation device 9f. May be provided.
- the spectacle-wearing image generation unit 902f generates the spectacle-wearing image A6 based on the spectacle lens information A5 about the spectacle lens L determined by the spectacle lens determination unit 900e.
- the image A6 when wearing spectacles is a glare illusion image including a glare optotype G1 that is visible when the subject T1 wears the spectacle lens L.
- the spectacles-wearing image presentation unit 903f presents the spectacles-wearing image A6 generated by the spectacles-wearing image generation unit 902f.
- the spectacles-wearing image presentation unit 903f presents the spectacles-wearing image A6 by displaying the spectacles-wearing image A6 on the display device 3, for example.
- the image presenting unit 903f when wearing spectacles displays the image A6 when wearing spectacles and the glare illusion image A1 side by side on the display device 3.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of the image A6 when wearing spectacles according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 23A shows a glare illusion image P71 as an example of the glare illusion image A1 displayed side by side with the image A6 when wearing spectacles.
- FIG. 23B shows an image P72 when wearing spectacles as an example of the image A6 when wearing spectacles.
- the image presentation unit 903f when wearing spectacles selects the glare illusion image A1 displayed side by side with the image A6 when wearing spectacles, based on the glare index A3 calculated by the glare index calculation unit 203.
- the image presentation unit 903f when wearing glasses stores, for example, a glare illusion image A1 having a central region of brightness close to the value of the absolute threshold calculated by the above-mentioned double vertical method in the storage unit 21 of the visual function test device 2.
- the glare illusion image A1 included in the glare illusion image information 210 is selected.
- the image presentation unit 903f when wearing spectacles acquires the selected glare illusion image A1 from the visual function test device 2.
- the image A6 when wearing spectacles includes the ratio of transmittance cut as a parameter.
- the image generation unit 902f when wearing spectacles is an image when wearing spectacles based on the appearance of the glare optotype G1 when the same transmittance cut as the lens color density determined based on the lifestyle and lifestyle of the subject T1 is applied.
- Generate A6 the lens color density determined based on the lifestyle and lifestyle of the subject T1 is the same as in the case where the spectacle lens L suitable for the subject T1 is determined in the third embodiment, and the visual function test apparatus 2 Is determined based on the glare index A3 calculated by the above, the determined environment, and the environmental background brightness information.
- the image presentation unit 903f when wearing spectacles sequentially presents a plurality of images A6 when wearing spectacles while changing the ratio of the transmittance cut.
- the ambient brightness of the display device 3 and the subject T1 is constant.
- FIGS. 24 and 25 show the average luminance of the glare optotype G1 included in the image A6 when wearing spectacles when the ratio of the transmittance cut is variously changed.
- the ratio of the transmittance cut is 15, 25, 35, 75, 85% in five ways.
- the average luminance of the glare optotype G1 is the average luminance of the central region and the induction region.
- the spectacle-wearing image A6 close to the absolute threshold value measured by the double vertical method is defined as the spectacle-wearing image A6 having the index number "6a".
- the subject T1 is an image of the index numbers "6a-15", “6a-25”, “6a-35”, “6a-50", “6a-75”, and "6a-85” when wearing spectacles.
- the spectacle lens presenting device 9f includes an image generation unit 902f when wearing spectacles and an image presentation unit 903f when wearing spectacles.
- the image generation unit 902f when wearing spectacles appears when the subject T1 wears the spectacle lens L based on the information about the spectacle lens L determined by the spectacle lens determination unit 900e (in the present embodiment, the spectacle lens information A5).
- An image A6 when wearing spectacles which is a glare illusion image including an optotype (in the present embodiment, a glare optotype G1), is generated.
- the spectacles-wearing image presentation unit 903f presents the spectacles-wearing image A6 generated by the spectacles-wearing image generation unit 902f.
- the subject T1 when the subject T1 sees the image A6 when wearing the spectacles, the subject T1 can reduce the glare when the spectacle lens L is worn. Can be simulated.
- the visual function test system 1f it is possible to determine the lens color and the transmittance cut required for the lifestyle and living environment of the subject T1 through the simulation of the appearance when the spectacle lens L is worn.
- Subject T1 can verify the specifications of the spectacle lens to be purchased through the simulation.
- the visual function test device includes a glare illusion image presenting unit and the glare optotype G1 is included in the glare illusion image A1 and presented, but the present invention is not limited thereto. ..
- the case where the glare optotype G1 is presented as a printed matter on which the glare optotype G1 is printed will be described.
- the same reference numerals may be given to the same configurations as those of the above-described embodiments, and the description thereof may be omitted for the same configurations and operations.
- the visual function test system according to this embodiment is referred to as a visual function test system 1 g.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the visual function test system 1g according to the present embodiment.
- the visual function test system 1 g includes a visual function test device 2 g and an input device 4 g.
- the booklet B1 includes a plurality of printed matter on which a plurality of glare optotypes G1 having different degrees of causing the glare illusion are printed.
- the booklet B1 is sent to the subject T1 in advance from, for example, an optician or an ophthalmologist.
- the person in charge may show the booklet B1 to the subject T1.
- the subject T1 looks at the glare optotype G1 printed on each of the printed matter while turning over the plurality of printed matter contained in the booklet B1.
- the subject T1 inputs an answer about the glare felt by the subject T1 to the printed glare optotype G1 from the input device 4g.
- the subject T1 sequentially inputs an answer about the glare felt for each of the plurality of glare optotypes G1 from the input device 4g.
- the answer may indicate whether or not it is dazzling, or it may indicate the number of the glare optotype G1 that feels dazzling.
- the input device 4g is, for example, a smartphone or a tablet terminal.
- the input device 4 communicates with the visual function test device 2g.
- the function of the visual function test device 2g is, for example, the same as the function of the visual function test device 2b of FIG. 19 described above.
- the response information acquisition unit 202 acquires the response information A2 transmitted from the input device 4g.
- the visual function test device 2g outputs the glare index A3 calculated by the glare index calculation unit 203 to the input device 4g.
- the plurality of printed matter (booklet B1 in the present embodiment) according to the present embodiment contains optotypes based on the glare illusion, and a plurality of optotypes (with different degrees of causing the glare illusion).
- glare illusion targets G1) are printed respectively.
- a part of the visual function test devices 2, 2b, 2d, 2g, the presentation device 2a, the spectacle lens presentation devices 9e, and 9f in the above-described embodiment for example, the glare illusion image presentation unit 200, the operation reception unit 201, and the response information.
- the image presentation unit 903f at the time of wearing may be realized by a computer.
- the program for realizing this control function may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium may be read by a computer system and executed.
- the "computer system” here is a computer system built into the visual function test devices 2, 2b, 2d, 2g, the presentation device 2a, the spectacle lens presentation devices 9e, 9f, and is an OS, peripheral devices, and the like. It shall include the hardware of.
- the "computer-readable recording medium” refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, or a CD-ROM, and a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system.
- a "computer-readable recording medium” is a medium that dynamically holds a program for a short time, such as a communication line when a program is transmitted via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line.
- a program may be held for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory inside a computer system serving as a server or a client.
- the above-mentioned program may be for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions, and may be further realized for realizing the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.
- a part or all of the visual function test device 2, 2b, 2d, 2g, the presentation device 2a, the spectacle lens presentation device 9e, 9f in the above-described embodiment is realized as an integrated circuit such as an LSI (Large Scale Integration).
- LSI Large Scale Integration
- Each functional block of the visual function test device 2, 2b, 2d, 2g, the presentation device 2a, the spectacle lens presentation device 9e, and 9f may be individually made into a processor, or a part or all of them may be integrated. It may be made into a processor.
- the method of making an integrated circuit is not limited to the LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor. Further, when an integrated circuit technology that replaces an LSI appears due to advances in semiconductor technology, an integrated circuit based on this technology may be used.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2020年12月21日に、日本に出願された特願2020-211755号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
以下、図面を参照しながら第1の実施形態について詳しく説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る視機能検査システム1の構成の一例を示す図である。視機能検査システム1は、被験者T1の視機能として、被験者T1の眩しさに対する感度を検査するためのシステムである。視機能検査システム1は、グレア錯視を用いて被験者T1の眩しさに対する感度を検査する。グレア錯視とは、光を知覚する人間における心理的な錯視現象の一種である。
また、視機能検査装置2は、入力されたパラメータA4に基づいてグレア錯視画像A1を生成する機能を備える。
グレア錯視画像A1及びパラメータA4の詳細は、後述する。
表示装置3は、例えば、液晶ディスプレイ、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス(EL:Electroluminescence)ディスプレイなどである。表示装置3は、液晶ディスプレイなどバックライトを必要とする表示装置以外に、自発光型の表示装置や、投影型の表示装置であってもよい。
入力装置4は、一例として、マウスである。入力装置4は、キーボード、ボタンスイッチであってもよい。
なお、視機能検査装置2は、スマートフォンやタブレット端末などであってもよい。視機能検査装置2が、スマートフォンやタブレット端末である場合、表示装置3及び入力装置4は、タッチパネルとして視機能検査装置2と一体となって備えられる。表示装置3は、ヘッドマウントディスプレイであってもよい。
制御装置5は、記憶装置7からプログラムを読み込み、読み込んだプログラムに従って各種の制御を実行する。演算装置6は、各種の演算を行う。制御装置5と、演算装置6とは、CPU(Central Processing Unit)を構成する。
提示部204は、眩しさ指標算出部203が算出した眩しさ指標A3を提示する。提示部204は、例えば、眩しさ指標A3を表示装置3に表示させることによって、眩しさ指標A3を提示する。
ここで図5を参照し、グレア視標G1について説明する。図5は、本実施形態に係るグレア視標G12の一例を示す図である。図5では、グレア視標G12は、グレア錯視画像A1の一例であるグレア錯視画像P2に含まれている。本実施形態では、グレア錯視画像A1は予め生成されて、記憶部21に記憶されている。
グレア錯視画像P2では、誘導領域R22は、外側から内側へ向かって輝度が増加する輝度勾配を有する。誘導領域R22は、最も内側の部分において最大輝度を有し、当該最大輝度は、中心領域R21の輝度に等しい。誘導領域R22は、最も外側の部分において最小輝度をもち、当該最小輝度は、背景R23の輝度に等しい。
背景R23は、グレア錯視画像P2のうち中心領域R21及び誘導領域R22を除いた残りの部分である。背景R23は、中心領域R21の輝度よりも低い所定の輝度において表示される。
その場合、例えば、RGB色空間で考えると、RGB値の各値(R、G、B)が、中心領域、及び背景それぞれにおいてある一定の値をとる。一方、誘導領域においては、RGB値の各値(R、G、B)のうちいずれか1以上が、ある勾配をもって変化する。
また、例えば、HSV色空間で考えると、S(彩度)とH(明度)に関して、中心領域、及び背景それぞれにおいてある一定の値をとり、中心領域のS(彩度)、H(明度)のうち少なくとも一方の値が、背景よりも高い。誘導領域においては、ある勾配をもって各値(S,H)が変化する。H(色相)は、色の種類に対応し、いずれの値であってもよい。なお、HSV色空間で考えると、グレースケール画像の場合は、H(明度)のみが変化する。
図7に、グレア錯視画像P2を作成するために用いたパラメータを示す。図7に示すパラメータは、図6に示したパラメータと同様に、OpenCVを使用してグレア錯視画像A1を作成する場合に用いられるパラメータである
次に図8から図12を参照し、視機能検査システム1を用いた被験者T1の眩しさに対する感度の検査方法について説明する。検査方法は、外界からの刺激に対する人間の感じ方、感覚量の数値化を行うことで、実験心理学から様々な検査方法が提案されている。視機能検査システム1による検査方法では、それらの検査方法のなかから、いずれの検査方法が用いられてもよい。
下降系列に含まれるグレア錯視画像A1についても、上昇系列と同様に、眩しいと感じたと回答した場合には輝度値を低くし、眩しくないと感じたと回答した場合には輝度値を高くするようにして順に提示される。
なお、算出された絶対閾は、上述した眩しさ指標A3の一例である。
図11は、本実施形態に係るグレア錯視画像A1の別の一例を示す図である。図11では、グレア錯視画像A1としてグレア錯視画像P3が示されている。グレア錯視画像P3は、グレア錯視画像P2と同様に、中心領域R31と、誘導領域R32と、背景R33とからなる。中心領域R31と、誘導領域R32とは、グレア視標G13を形成する。グレア錯視画像P3は、グレア錯視画像P2のようなグレア錯視画像A1において、中心領域R31から動径方向に伸びるグラデーションをもった光跡R34(ストリーク)が追加されている。グレア錯視画像P3では、60度ずつ異なる方向に伸びる6本の光跡R34を含む。
マグネチュード推定法では、物理量と心理量とが式(1)によって示されるため、未知の条件での被験者の眩しさに対する心理量を推測することが機械学習等を利用することで可能である。マグネチュード推定法とは、ひとつの基準視標を定め、当該基準視標と比較してその感覚的大きさを数値によって直接的に推定させる方法である。
測定の精度をより高めるために、15段階のグレア視標を使用した検査を1ブロックとして複数回繰り返して行うことが好ましい。その場合、心理量Jは、各物理量に対する心理量Jの平均値となる。なお、心理量Jは、眩しさ指標A3の一例である。
図16は、図15に示したマグネチュード推定法による検査結果に基づいて、グレア視標の中心領域の輝度の相対値に対する平均評価値をプロットしたグラフを示す。図17は、当該グラフを両対数でプロットした場合のグラフを示す。図17に示すグラフの各点に対して、累乗近位曲線を追加して、その曲線を示す関数を回帰分析によって求めると、式(2)によって示される関数となる。
次に図18を参照し、視機能検査装置2が眩しさ指標A3を算出する処理である指標算出処理について説明する。図18は、本実施形態に係る指標算出処理の一例を示す図である。
操作受付部201は、受け付けた回答を、回答情報A2として回答情報取得部202に供給する。
眩しさ指標算出部203は、算出した眩しさ指標A3を提示部204に供給する。
以上で、視機能検査装置2は、指標算出処理を終了する。
回答情報取得部202は、グレア錯視に基づく視標(本実施形態において、グレア視標G1)に対して被験者T1が感じた眩しさについての回答を示す回答情報A2を取得する。
眩しさ指標算出部203は、回答情報取得部202が取得した回答情報A2に基づいて、被験者T1が感じる眩しさについての指標(本実施形態において、眩しさ指標A3)を算出する。
グレア錯視画像提示部200は、視標(本実施形態において、グレア視標G1)を含む画像であるグレア錯視画像A1を提示する。
回答入力操作受付部(本実施形態において、操作受付部201)は、グレア錯視画像提示部200が提示するグレア錯視画像A1に対しての被験者T1が感じた眩しさについての回答を入力する操作を受け付ける。
ここで回答情報取得部202は、回答入力操作受付部(本実施形態において、操作受付部201)が受け付けた操作によって入力された被験者T1が感じた眩しさについての回答を、回答情報A2として取得する。
本実施形態では、視機能検査システム1において、視機能検査装置2、及び表示装置3が眼鏡店や眼科などに備えられて、被験者T1の視機能の検査が行われる場合の一例について説明したが、これに限られない。グレア錯視画像A1の提示は眼鏡店や眼科などに備えられる端末装置によって行い、グレア錯視画像A1の保存、眩しさ指標A3の算出処理にはそれぞれ、クラウド上の記録装置や中央処理装置(CPU)が用いられてもよい。
本変形例に係る視機能検査システムを、視機能検査システム1aという。なお、上述した第1の実施形態と同一の構成については同一の符号を付して、同一の構成及び動作についてはその説明を省略する場合がある。
制御部20aは、グレア錯視画像提示部200と、操作受付部201と、提示部204とを備える。ここでグレア錯視画像提示部200は、クラウド上に備えらえるデータベース21cからグレア錯視画像A1を取得して、取得したグレア錯視画像A1を表示装置3に表示させる。提示部204は、視機能検査装置2bによって算出された眩しさ指標A3を表示装置3に出力する。
通信部22aは、無線ネットワークを介して、各種の情報の送信及び受信を行う。通信部22aは、無線ネットワークを介して通信を行うための通信インターフェース(I/F)を備える。提示装置2aは、通信部22aを介して、視機能検査装置2b及びデータベース21cと通信を行う。
制御部20bは、回答情報取得部202と、眩しさ指標算出部203とを備える。回答情報取得部202は、提示装置2aに備えられる操作受付部201から回答情報A2を取得する。眩しさ指標算出部203は、算出した眩しさ指標A3を提示装置2aに備えられる提示部204に出力する。
通信部22bは、無線ネットワークを介して、各種の情報の送信及び受信を行う。通信部22aは、無線ネットワークを介して通信を行うための通信インターフェース(I/F)を備える。視機能検査装置2bは、通信部22aを介して提示装置2aと通信を行う。
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の第2の実施形態について詳しく説明する。
上記第1の実施形態では、視機能検査システム1では、グレア錯視画像A1が予め生成されて記憶部に記憶されている場合について説明をした。本実施形態では、視機能検査システムが、入力されたパラメータに基づいてグレア錯視画像A1を生成する場合について説明をする。なお、上述した第1の実施形態と同一の構成については同一の符号を付して、同一の構成及び動作についてはその説明を省略する場合がある。
本実施形態に係る視機能検査システムを視機能検査システム1dといい、視機能検査装置を視機能検査装置2dという。
制御部20dは、グレア錯視画像提示部200と、操作受付部201dと、回答情報取得部202と、眩しさ指標算出部203と、提示部204と、パラメータ取得部205dと、グレア錯視画像生成部206dとを備える。
誘導領域の輝度勾配は、中心領域に向かって、輝度が高くなる勾配であっても、輝度が低くなる勾配のいずれであってもよい。なお、輝度が高くなる勾配の方が、輝度が低くなる勾配に比べてグレア錯視の効果は大きい。
パラメータ取得部205dは、グレア錯視画像A1を生成するためのパラメータであって、グレア錯視画像A1に含まれる中心領域R21についてのパラメータである中心領域パラメータA41と、グレア錯視画像A1に含まれる誘導領域R22についてのパラメータである誘導領域パラメータA42と、を取得する。
グレア錯視画像生成部206dは、パラメータ取得部205dが取得した中心領域パラメータA41と誘導領域パラメータA42とに基づいてグレア錯視画像A1を生成する。
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の第3の実施形態について詳しく説明する。
上記第1の実施形態では、視機能検査システムは、眩しさ指標A3を算出する場合について説明をした。本実施形態では、視機能検査システムが、算出した眩しさ指標A3に基づいて被験者T1に適した眼鏡レンズを決定する場合について説明をする。なお、上述した第1の実施形態と同一の構成については同一の符号を付して、同一の構成及び動作についてはその説明を省略する場合がある。
本実施形態に係る視機能検査システム1を視機能検査システム1eという。
眼鏡レンズ決定部900eは、視機能検査装置2が算出した眩しさ指標A3に基づいて被験者T1に適した眼鏡レンズLを決定する。ここで眼鏡レンズ決定部900eは、眼鏡レンズL1についてのパラメータを被験者T1に適した値に決定してもよいし、予め用意された複数の眼鏡レンズLのなかから被験者T1に適した眼鏡レンズLを選択してもよい。
別の例として、上記の検査の結果、被験者T1がグレアを感じやすいと判定された場合に、夜間自動車の運転するために、よりよい視界を提供するための眼鏡が必要であるとする。そのような場合、夜間での視野を確保でき、かつ対向車のヘッドランプに対するグレアを避けられるような眼鏡が必要であると考えられる。そのような眼鏡として、特定波長をより吸収可能な色材を入れたレンズを提案することが考えられる。
眼鏡レンズ提示装置9eは、眼鏡レンズ決定部900eと、眼鏡レンズ情報提示部901eと、を備える。
眼鏡レンズ決定部900eは、視機能検査装置2が算出した指標(本実施形態において、眩しさ指標A3)に基づいて被験者T1に適した眼鏡レンズLを決定する。
眼鏡レンズ情報提示部901eは、眼鏡レンズ決定部900eが決定した眼鏡レンズLについての情報(本実施形態において、眼鏡レンズ情報A5)を提示する。
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の第4の実施形態について詳しく説明する。
上記第3の実施形態では、視機能検査システムが、算出した眩しさ指標A3に基づいて被験者T1に適した眼鏡レンズを決定する場合について説明をした。本実施形態では、視機能検査システムが、被験者T1が眼鏡レンズを装用した場合のグレア視標G1の見え方をシミュレートする場合について説明をする。なお、上述した第1の実施形態と同一の構成については同一の符号を付して、同一の構成及び動作についてはその説明を省略する場合がある。
本実施形態に係る視機能検査システムを視機能検査システム1fという。
被験者T1は、表示装置3に表示されるグレア錯視画像P71と眼鏡装用時画像P72とを見比べることによって、購入する眼鏡レンズがどの程度眩しさを軽減できるかについて確認できる。
眼鏡装用時画像生成部902fは、眼鏡レンズ決定部900eが決定した眼鏡レンズLについての情報(本実施形態において、眼鏡レンズ情報A5)に基づいて、眼鏡レンズLを被験者T1が装用した場合に見える視標(本実施形態において、グレア視標G1)を含むグレア錯視画像である眼鏡装用時画像A6を生成する。
眼鏡装用時画像提示部903fは、眼鏡装用時画像生成部902fが生成した眼鏡装用時画像A6を提示する。
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の第5の実施形態について詳しく説明する。
上述した各実施形態においては、視機能検査装置がグレア錯視画像提示部を備え、グレア視標G1がグレア錯視画像A1に含まれて提示される場合の一例について説明したが、これに限られない。本実施形態では、グレア視標G1は、グレア視標G1が印刷された印刷物として提示される場合について説明をする。なお、上述した各実施形態と同一の構成については同一の符号を付して、同一の構成及び動作についてはその説明を省略する場合がある。
本実施形態に係る視機能検査システムを視機能検査システム1gという。
冊子B1は、グレア錯視を引き起こす程度が互いに異なる複数のグレア視標G1がそれぞれ印刷された複数の印刷物を含む。
視機能検査装置2gが備える機能は、例えば、上述した図19の視機能検査装置2bが備える機能と同様である。回答情報取得部202は、入力装置4gから送信される回答情報A2を取得する。視機能検査装置2gは、眩しさ指標算出部203によって算出された眩しさ指標A3を入力装置4gに出力する。
本実施形態に係る複数の印刷物(本実施形態において、冊子B1)を用いることによって、被験者T1がPCの操作が苦手な場合や、被験者T1がPCを利用できる環境にない場合であっても、被験者T1は冊子B1を捲って、眩しさに対する感度を検査することができる。
また、上述した実施形態における視機能検査装置2、2b、2d、2g、提示装置2a、眼鏡レンズ提示装置9e、9fの一部、または全部を、LSI(Large Scale Integration)等の集積回路として実現してもよい視機能検査装置2、2b、2d、2g、提示装置2a、眼鏡レンズ提示装置9e、9fの各機能ブロックは個別にプロセッサ化してもよいし、一部、または全部を集積してプロセッサ化してもよい。また、集積回路化の手法はLSIに限らず専用回路、または汎用プロセッサで実現してもよい。また、半導体技術の進歩によりLSIに代替する集積回路化の技術が出現した場合、当該技術による集積回路を用いてもよい。
Claims (10)
- グレア錯視に基づく視標に対して被験者が感じた眩しさについての回答を示す回答情報を取得する回答情報取得部と、
前記回答情報取得部が取得した前記回答情報に基づいて、前記被験者が感じる眩しさについての指標を算出する眩しさ指標算出部と、
を備える視機能検査装置。 - 前記視標を含む画像であるグレア錯視画像を提示するグレア錯視画像提示部と、
前記グレア錯視画像提示部が提示する前記グレア錯視画像に対しての前記回答を入力する操作を受け付ける回答入力操作受付部と、
をさらに備え、
前記回答情報取得部は、前記回答入力操作受付部が受け付けた前記操作によって入力された前記回答を、前記回答情報として取得する
請求項1に記載の視機能検査装置。 - 前記グレア錯視画像を生成するためのパラメータであって、前記グレア錯視画像に含まれる中心領域についてのパラメータである中心領域パラメータと、前記グレア錯視画像に含まれる誘導領域についてのパラメータである誘導領域パラメータと、を取得するパラメータ取得部と、
前記パラメータ取得部が取得した前記中心領域パラメータと前記誘導領域パラメータとに基づいて前記グレア錯視画像を生成するグレア錯視画像生成部と、
をさらに備える請求項2に記載の視機能検査装置。 - 前記回答情報取得部は、グレア錯視を引き起こす程度が互いに異なる複数の前記視標が所定の順序で提示された場合に、複数の前記視標それぞれに対して前記被験者が感じた眩しさについての複数の回答を示す前記回答情報を取得し、
前記指標算出部は、前記回答情報取得部が取得した前記回答情報に基づいて、前記指標を算出する
請求項2または請求項3に記載の視機能検査装置。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の視機能検査装置と、
眼鏡レンズ提示装置と、
を備え、
前記眼鏡レンズ提示装置は、
前記視機能検査装置が算出した前記指標に基づいて前記被験者に適した眼鏡レンズを決定する眼鏡レンズ決定部と、
前記眼鏡レンズ決定部が決定した前記眼鏡レンズについての情報を提示する眼鏡レンズ情報提示部と、
を備える
眼鏡レンズ提示システム。 - 前記眼鏡レンズ提示装置は、
前記眼鏡レンズ決定部が決定した前記眼鏡レンズについての情報に基づいて、前記眼鏡レンズを前記被験者が装用した場合に見える前記視標を含むグレア錯視画像である眼鏡装用時画像を生成する眼鏡装用時画像生成部と、
前記眼鏡装用時画像生成部が生成した前記眼鏡装用時画像を提示する眼鏡装用時画像提示部と、
をさらに備える
請求項5に記載の眼鏡レンズ提示システム。 - グレア錯視に基づく視標であって、グレア錯視を引き起こす程度が互いに異なる複数の視標がそれぞれ印刷された複数の印刷物。
- グレア錯視に基づく視標に対して被験者が感じた眩しさについての回答を示す回答情報を取得することと、
取得した前記回答情報に基づいて、前記被験者が感じる眩しさについての指標を算出することと、
を有する視機能検査方法。 - グレア錯視に基づく視標に対して被験者が感じた眩しさについての回答を示す回答情報を取得することと、
取得した前記回答情報に基づいて、前記被験者が感じる眩しさについての指標を算出することと、
算出した前記指標に基づいて前記被験者に適した眼鏡レンズを決定することと、
決定した前記眼鏡レンズについての情報を提示することと、
を有する眼鏡レンズの提示方法。 - コンピュータに、
グレア錯視に基づく視標に対して被験者が感じた眩しさについての回答を示す回答情報を取得する回答情報取得ステップと、
前記回答情報取得ステップにおいて取得された前記回答情報に基づいて、前記被験者が感じる眩しさについての指標を算出する眩しさ指標算出ステップと、
を実行させるためのプログラム。
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EP21910142.5A EP4265172A1 (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-11-29 | Visual function examination device, spectacle lens presentation system, printed matter, visual function examination method, spectacle lens presentation method, and program |
KR1020237019849A KR20230107325A (ko) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-11-29 | 시기능 검사 장치, 안경 렌즈 제시 시스템, 인쇄물, 시기능 검사 방법, 안경 렌즈의 제시 방법, 및 프로그램 |
CN202180084812.7A CN116634921A (zh) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-11-29 | 视功能检查装置、眼镜镜片提示系统、印刷物、视功能检查方法、眼镜镜片的提示方法及程序 |
CA3205592A CA3205592A1 (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-11-29 | Visual function examination device, spectacle lens presentation system, printed matter, visual function examination method, spectacle lens presentation method, and program |
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