WO2022134668A1

WO2022134668A1 - Optical fiber structure, method for producing optical fiber structure, and optical cable structure

Info

Publication number: WO2022134668A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/118283
Authority: WO
Inventors: 缪旭光; 薛海军; 李鹏程; 徐拥军; 夏威; 徐海涛; 陶秋阳; 郭宸轩; 蔡炎烽; 赵雪峰
Original assignee: 中天电力光缆有限公司; 中天科技光纤有限公司; 江苏中天科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-12-24
Filing date: 2021-09-14
Publication date: 2022-06-30
Also published as: CN114371530A

Abstract

Disclosed are an optical fiber structure, a method for producing the optical fiber structure, and an optical cable structure. The optical fiber structure comprises: a fiber core, a cladding layer and a coating layer, wherein the diameter of the fiber core is a target threshold value; the cladding layer is located on an outer layer of the fiber core, and a first target material is added to the cladding layer, wherein the first target material is used for improving the bending resistance of the fiber core; and the coating layer is located on an outer layer of the cladding layer, and the coating layer uses a second target material, wherein the second target material is used for improving the strength of the optical fiber structure. By means of the present invention, the technical problem of it not being possible for the optical fiber capacity of an OPGW optical cable to meet requirements is solved.

Description

Optical fiber structure, production method of optical fiber structure, and optical fiber cable structure

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of optical fibers, in particular, to an optical fiber structure, a production method of the optical fiber structure, and an optical fiber cable structure.

Background technique

As the main carrier of power system communication, Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) plays an important role in the power communication Internet of Things. In order to meet the large-capacity, high-speed, and high-bandwidth communication requirements of the power Internet of Things, it is necessary to develop high-density OPGWs used at different voltage levels.

In the related art, in order to increase the optical fiber capacity of the OPGW, the diameter of the optical fiber unit is usually increased or the number of the optical fiber unit is increased. By increasing the diameter of the optical fiber unit, as the diameter of the optical fiber unit increases, the diameter of the aluminum-clad steel monofilament on the same layer as the optical fiber unit will also increase accordingly. If the diameter of the aluminum-clad steel monofilament is small, the lightning resistance of the OPGW optical cable will decrease; if the diameter of the aluminum-clad steel monofilament remains unchanged, the outer diameter of the OPGW optical cable will increase, which will increase the tower used for erecting the OPGW optical cable. load. By increasing the number of optical fiber units, the new optical fiber unit needs to replace the original aluminum-clad steel monofilament to reduce the cross-section of the OPGW optical cable, which will lead to the loss of the breaking force and short-circuit current capacity of the OPGW optical cable, which cannot meet the requirements of circuit laying. Require.

For the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical fiber structure, a method for producing the optical fiber structure, and an optical fiber cable structure, so as to at least solve the technical problem that the optical fiber capacity of the OPGW optical cable cannot meet the requirements.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an optical fiber structure is provided, comprising: a core, a cladding, and a coating, wherein the diameter of the core is a target threshold; the cladding is located on the outer layer of the core, And a first target material is added to the cladding layer, wherein the first target material is used to improve the bending resistance of the core; the coating layer is located on the outer layer of the cladding layer, and the coating layer uses the second Target material, wherein the second target material is used to enhance the strength of the optical fiber structure.

Preferably, the coating layer includes: an inner coating layer, the inner coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the cladding layer according to the first hardness by a mold in the coating system; an outer coating layer, the outer coating layer is formed by coating The mold in the system is coated on the outer surface of the inner coating layer according to a second hardness, wherein the first hardness is less than the second hardness.

Preferably, the second target material used in the inner coating layer and the outer coating layer is an acrylic resin material.

Preferably, the first target material added to the cladding layer is fluorine.

Preferably, the diameter of the above-mentioned optical fiber structure is 180 μm.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a method for producing an optical fiber structure is also provided, including: obtaining a fiber core whose diameter is a target threshold value; and arranging a cladding layer added with a first target material on the outside of the above-mentioned fiber core, wherein, The first target material is used to improve the bending resistance of the fiber core; the second target material is used to provide a coating layer outside the cladding, wherein the second target material is used to improve the strength of the optical fiber structure.

Preferably, the above-mentioned optical fiber structure is annealed in a stepped temperature control mode through a holding furnace, wherein the above-mentioned stepped temperature control mode is used to instruct the annealing temperature of the above-mentioned optical fiber structure to be adjusted to the same as the above-mentioned time when different time conditions are reached. conditions to match the temperature.

Preferably, an inner coating is applied to the outer surface of the cladding layer according to a first hardness in a first temperature interval, and an outer coating is applied to the outer surface of the inner coating according to a second hardness in a second temperature interval , wherein the first hardness is smaller than the second hardness.

Preferably, in the process of generating the above-mentioned optical fiber structure, the above-mentioned optical fiber structure is subjected to a non-contact tension control method for wire drawing.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an optical fiber cable structure is further provided, including: the above-mentioned optical fiber structure, and further comprising: the number of the above-mentioned optical fiber structures is greater than or equal to two.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a fiber core with a target threshold is adopted, and a cladding layer with a first target material and a coating layer with a second target material are arranged outside the core, so that the resistance of the optical fiber is increased by the first target material. Bending performance, increasing the strength of the optical fiber through the second target material, achieving the purpose of reducing the size of the optical fiber structure while maintaining the original performance and strength of the optical fiber structure, thus realizing the application of the optical fiber structure in the OPGW optical cable, in the improvement of The optical fiber capacity of the optical cable does not increase the size of the optical cable and maintains the technical effect of the original performance of the optical cable, thereby solving the technical problem that the optical fiber capacity of the OPGW optical cable cannot meet the demand.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional optical fiber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of another optional optical fiber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of another optional optical fiber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic flowchart of an optional optical fiber structure production method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optional optical cable structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only Embodiments are part of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those expressly listed Rather, those steps or units may include other steps or units not expressly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

Explain the professional terms involved in the examples of this application:

Optical fiber: short for optical fiber, it is a fiber made of glass or plastic. As a tool for light transmission, the transmission principle used is total reflection of light.

Optical cable: a cable formed by a certain process of optical fiber, which is used to realize the communication line of optical signal transmission.

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an optical fiber structure is provided. As an optional implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 1 , the optical fiber structure includes: a core 110 , a cladding layer 120 , and a coating layer 130 , wherein :

The diameter of the fiber core 110 is the target threshold;

The cladding layer 120 is located on the outer layer of the core 110, and a first target material is added to the cladding layer 120, wherein the first target material is used to improve the bending resistance of the core;

The coating layer 130 is located on the outer layer of the cladding layer 120, and the coating layer 130 uses a second target material, wherein the second target material is used to enhance the strength of the optical fiber structure.

Alternatively, the target threshold may be, but is not limited to, the standard diameter size of the fiber core. The use of standard diameter sizes for the cores facilitates connection to installed fibers.

Optionally, the first target material can be, but is not limited to, a raw material that has bending resistance and can be used in optical fibers.

Optionally, the first target material added to the cladding layer may be, but not limited to, the first target material is added to the raw material of the cladding layer in the form of a raw material, and the first target material is added to the cladding layer structure in an independent layer.

As an optional implementation manner, the first target material added to the cladding layer is fluorine.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2 , the cladding layer 120 located between the core 110 and the coating layer 130 includes a core layer 122 , an inner cladding layer 124 , and an outer cladding layer 126 , and the inner cladding layer and the outer cladding layer are both silica materials. A sunken layer 128 is added between the inner cladding 124 and the outer cladding 126 . The depressed layer 128 is a layer structure in which a fluorine material is added. The recessed layer 128 is made of a fluorine-containing material (fluorine is doped into silicon dioxide during the preparation process to reduce the refractive index of the material, mainly fluorine-containing gases, such as SiF ₄ , CF ₄ , C ₂ , using a vapor-phase axial deposition method. F ₆ gas, etc.) of the sink layer raw material is rapidly deposited to form a layer structure on the inner cladding layer 124 .

In the embodiment of the present application, the bending resistance of the cladding layer is increased by adding a sag layer containing a fluorine material, thereby enhancing the bending resistance of the optical fiber.

As an optional embodiment, the coating layer includes:

an inner coating, the inner coating is coated on the outer surface of the cladding according to the first hardness by the die in the coating system;

The outer coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the inner coating layer according to the second hardness by the mold in the coating system, wherein the first hardness is less than the second hardness.

Optionally, the first hardness may be, but is not limited to, the hardness of the second target material used in the inner coating layer, and the relative curing degree of the inner coating layer after curing.

Optionally, the second hardness may be, but is not limited to, the hardness of the second target material used in the overcoat layer, and the relative curing degree of the overcoat layer after curing.

It should be noted that the first hardness and the second hardness represent the same standard.

Alternatively, the hardness of the second target material may be, but is not limited to, material modulus data.

As an optional embodiment, the second target material used in the inner coating layer and the outer coating layer is an acrylic resin material.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 3 , the coating layer 130 located outside the core 110 and the cladding layer 120 includes an inner coating layer 132 and an outer coating layer 134 . The inner coating layer 132 is formed by using an acrylic resin material with a modulus of less than 1.5 MPa, and is formed by coating at a temperature of 35-45° C. The relative curing degree after curing is controlled at 86%-95%. The outer coating layer 134 is formed by coating an acrylic resin material with a modulus of 500-1000 MPa, the coating viscosity of the acrylic resin is controlled at 1500-2500 Pa·s, and the relative curing degree after curing is controlled at 92%-100%.

In the embodiments of the present application, by using acrylic resin materials with different moduli and different control conditions, the uniformity and consistency of pipeline coating are enhanced during the coating and coating curing process, so as to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the optical fiber. strength.

As an optional embodiment, the diameter of the optical fiber structure is 180 μm.

Optionally, a standard fiber core with a diameter of 125 μm is selected to form an optical fiber structure with a diameter of 180 μm after coating.

Optionally, the bending loss of the optical fiber structure satisfies: after loosely wound for 1 turn with a bending radius of 10 mm, the macrobending loss at the wavelength of 1550nm is less than or equal to 0.5dB, and the macrobending loss at the wavelength of 1625nm is less than or equal to 1dB.

Optionally, the attenuation loss of the optical fiber structure satisfies: the attenuation at a wavelength of 1550 nm is less than or equal to 0.18 dB/km.

In the embodiment of the present application, by using a fiber core with a standard size, a cladding layer added with the first target material fluorine and a coating layer with the second target material acrylic resin, the diameter of the optical fiber mechanism is reduced while the diameter of the optical fiber mechanism is reduced. By reducing the bending resistance and strength of the optical fiber, it is possible to reduce the diameter of the optical fiber while maintaining the remaining properties of the optical fiber.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a production method for producing the above-mentioned optical fiber structure is also provided. As shown in Figure 4, the optical fiber structure production method includes:

S402, obtaining a fiber core whose diameter is the target threshold;

S404, a cladding layer added with a first target material is arranged on the outside of the fiber core, wherein the first target material is used to improve the bending resistance of the fiber core;

S406 , a coating layer is provided on the outside of the cladding layer using a second target material, wherein the second target material is used to improve the strength of the optical fiber structure.

Alternatively, the target threshold may be, but is not limited to, the standard diameter size of the fiber core. The use of standard diameter sizes for the core facilitates connection to the fiber.

Optionally, the first target material added to the cladding layer is fluorine.

Optionally, the first target material is added to the cladding layer by adding a layer structure containing a fluorine material in the cladding layer. Optionally, a layer structure containing a fluorine material is located between the inner cladding and the outer cladding. Optionally, a fluorine material is rapidly deposited outside the inner cladding layer using a vapor-phase axial deposition method to form a layer structure containing the fluorine material.

In the embodiment of the present application, the bending resistance of the cladding layer is increased by increasing the layer structure containing the fluorine material, thereby enhancing the bending resistance of the optical fiber.

Alternatively, the coating layer may include, but is not limited to, an inner coating layer and an outer coating layer. Optionally, the inner coating layer and the outer coating layer can be, but not limited to, different hardness and curing degree.

As an optional embodiment, the production method of the above-mentioned optical fiber structure includes:

An inner coating is applied to the outer surface of the cladding according to a first hardness in a first temperature interval, and an outer coating is applied to an outer surface of the inner coating according to a second hardness in a second temperature interval, wherein the first The hardness is less than the second hardness.

The second target material used for the inner and outer coatings is an acrylic resin material.

Optionally, the first temperature interval and the second temperature interval may be, but not limited to, the same temperature interval and different temperature intervals.

Optionally, the inner coating is formed by using an acrylic resin material with a modulus of less than 1.5 MPa, and is formed by coating at a temperature of 35-45° C. The relative curing degree after curing is controlled at 86%-95%. The outer coating is formed by coating an acrylic resin material with a modulus of 500-1000 MPa, and the relative curing degree after curing is controlled at 92%-100%.

Optionally, in the generation of the optical fiber structure, a 180 μm coating die is used for the coating process.

The optical fiber structure is annealed in a step temperature control mode through a holding furnace, wherein the step temperature control mode is used to instruct to adjust the annealing temperature of the optical fiber structure to a temperature matching the time conditions when different time conditions are reached.

Optionally, the temperature control mode is set according to the speed of fiber drawing and the position of the holding furnace. Optionally, the temperature control mode adopts a stepped decreasing mode.

Optionally, during the fiber drawing process, it is assumed that the cooling temperature (T _f ) is affected by the fiber drawing speed:

Among them, α ₁ and α ₂ are constants related to the material, T _g is the fictitious temperature, q is the cooling rate, the unit is K/s, and q ₀ =1K/s.

It can be seen from equation (1) that reducing the cooling rate is an effective method to reduce the fictive temperature of the optical fiber.

Optionally, in order to reduce the fictive temperature of the optical fiber, a holding furnace may be installed under the melting and drawing furnace, but not limited to. During the heat preservation process, the fiber is heat treated to reduce the cooling rate of the fiber,

Optionally, the temperature of the holding furnace is set according to the following formula:

Among them, T _out , T _in , T _∞ represent the temperature of the optical fiber exiting the drawing furnace, the temperature of the optical fiber at the fused cone and the ambient temperature, respectively. K is the thermal conductivity, L is the displacement of the fiber, and v is the drawing speed of the fiber.

Optionally, by calculating the T _out temperature, a plurality of holding furnaces with temperature settings satisfying the formula (2) may be set on the optical fiber channel, but not limited to, so as to release the internal stress of the optical fiber and reduce the loss.

In the embodiment of the present application, the holding furnace is set in a gradient-type temperature decreasing mode, so that the optical fiber is slowly lowered to the set temperature after exiting the drawing furnace, and the internal stress generated by quenching at high temperature is minimized, so as to ensure the release of the internal stress of the optical fiber. Reduce fiber loss.

In the process of generating the optical fiber structure, the non-contact tension control method is used for drawing the optical fiber structure.

Optionally, the tension control mode controls the tension fluctuation value at [-2, 2].

In the embodiment of the present application, by controlling the tension fluctuation value, the tension fluctuation is reduced as much as possible, the stability of the optical fiber drawing is increased, and the internal stress of the optical fiber caused by the drawing is reduced.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an OPGW optical cable structure is also provided. The optical fiber cable structure includes: the above-mentioned optical fiber structure, and further includes: the number of the optical fiber structure is greater than or equal to two.

Optionally, the diameters of the optical fiber structures in the optical fiber cable structure are all 180 μm.

For the above-mentioned optical fiber structure and the production method of the optical fiber structure, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5 , the OPGW optical cable structure includes two optical fiber structures as an example. The optical cable structure includes two optical fiber structures 502 and several aluminum-clad steel wire structures 504 . The optical fiber structure 502 is located in the middle of the optical fiber cable, and several aluminum-clad steel wire structures 504 are evenly distributed around the two optical fiber structures 502 .

In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging two or more small-diameter optical fiber structures in the optical fiber cable structure, the optical fiber capacity of the optical fiber cable is increased, the cross-sectional size of the optical fiber cable structure is not increased, and the size of the aluminum-clad steel wire does not need to be reduced. The size of the fiber optic cable meets the requirements for the strength and current capacity of the fiber optic cable while improving the fiber optic capacity of the fiber optic cable.

Example 1

Preform: The relative refractive index of the core layer is 0.4%, its diameter is 125, and the material is germanium-doped silica; the relative refractive index of the inner cladding layer and the outer cladding layer is 0, and the thicknesses of the two are 4.5-6.0 μm, 48-52 μm, respectively. The materials are all silicon dioxide materials; the relative refractive index of the depressed layer is -0.08%, which is doped with fluorine into silicon dioxide by vapor axial deposition method (SiF ₄ , CF ₄ , C ₂ are doped in the silicon dioxide deposition process At least one of F ₆ gas) formed fluorine-containing material layer;

The preform is melted at 2000°C, and the annealing tube ends with three sections, and the set temperatures are 1200°C, 1100°C, and 950°C respectively;

Using paint, the inner and outer layers are made of acrylic resin material, the difference is: the inner layer has a modulus of 1.1Mpa after curing, the coating temperature is 38°C, and the curing degree is 92%; The coating temperature is 45℃, the curing degree is 96%, the diameter of the inner layer is 145μm～155μm, the diameter of the fiber after coating is 181μm, the strength meets the 1% screening strain, the bending loss is @1550nm=0.3dB, @1625nm=0.65db, Attenuation@1550nm=0.179dB/km.

Example 2

Preform: The relative refractive index of the core layer is 0.42%, its diameter is 125, and the material is germanium-doped silica; the relative refractive index of the inner cladding layer and the outer cladding layer is 0, and the thicknesses of the two are 4.5-6.0 μm, 48-52 μm, respectively. The materials are all silicon dioxide materials; the relative refractive index of the depressed layer is -0.09%, which is doped with fluorine into silicon dioxide by vapor-phase axial deposition (SiF ₄ , CF ₄ , C ₂ are doped in the silicon dioxide deposition process At least one of F ₆ gas) formed fluorine-containing material layer;

The preform is melted at 1950°C, and the annealing tube ends with four sections, and the set temperatures are 1200°C, 1150°C, 1050°C, and 900°C respectively;

Using paint, the inner and outer layers are made of acrylic resin material, the difference is: the inner layer modulus is 0.9Mpa, the coating temperature is 42℃, and the curing degree is 91%; the outer layer coating modulus is 950Mpa, the coating temperature is 42℃, Curing degree is 95%, inner layer coating diameter is 145μm～155μm, fiber diameter after coating is 179.5μm, strength meets 1% screening strain, bending loss is @1550nm=0.41dB, @1625nm=0.72db, attenuation @1550nm= 0.178dB/km.

It should be noted that, for the sake of simple description, the foregoing method embodiments are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the described action sequence. As in accordance with the present invention, certain steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

Among the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only illustrative.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

An optical fiber structure, characterized in that it comprises: a core, a cladding layer, and a coating layer, wherein,

The diameter of the fiber core is the target threshold;

The cladding layer is located on the outer layer of the fiber core, and a first target material is added to the cladding layer, wherein the first target material is used to improve the bending resistance of the fiber core;

The coating layer is located on the outer layer of the cladding layer, and the coating layer uses a second target material, wherein the second target material is used to enhance the strength of the optical fiber structure.
The optical fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer comprises:

an inner coating, the inner coating is coated on the outer surface of the cladding layer according to the first hardness by the mold in the coating system;

An outer coating, which is coated on the outer surface of the inner coating according to a second hardness by a mold in a coating system, wherein the first hardness is smaller than the second hardness.
The optical fiber structure according to claim 2, wherein the second target material used in the inner coating layer and the outer coating layer is an acrylic resin material.
The optical fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the first target material added to the cladding layer is fluorine.
The optical fiber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the diameter of the optical fiber structure is 180 μm.
A method for producing an optical fiber structure, comprising:

Obtain the core whose diameter is the target threshold;

A cladding layer added with a first target material is arranged outside the fiber core, wherein the first target material is used to improve the bending resistance of the fiber core;

A coating layer is provided on the outside of the cladding using a second target material, wherein the second target material is used to increase the strength of the optical fiber structure.
The method according to claim 6, wherein the optical fiber structure is annealed in a step temperature control mode by using a holding furnace, wherein the step temperature control mode is used to indicate that when different time conditions are reached, The annealing temperature of the optical fiber structure is adjusted to a temperature that matches the time conditions.
The method according to claim 6, wherein an inner coating is applied to the outer surface of the cladding layer according to a first hardness in a first temperature interval, and an inner coating is applied to the outer surface of the cladding layer according to a second hardness in a second temperature interval The outer surface of the inner coating is coated with an outer coating, wherein the first hardness is smaller than the second hardness.
The method according to claim 7, wherein, in the process of generating the optical fiber structure, the optical fiber structure is subjected to a non-contact tension control method for wire drawing.
An optical fiber cable structure, comprising: the optical fiber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and further comprising: the number of the optical fiber structures is greater than or equal to two.