WO2022133633A1 - 一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚 - Google Patents

一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022133633A1
WO2022133633A1 PCT/CN2020/137884 CN2020137884W WO2022133633A1 WO 2022133633 A1 WO2022133633 A1 WO 2022133633A1 CN 2020137884 W CN2020137884 W CN 2020137884W WO 2022133633 A1 WO2022133633 A1 WO 2022133633A1
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Prior art keywords
sprinkler
height
adjustable
sprinkling
water
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PCT/CN2020/137884
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘锦武
张江华
王思忠
贾兴民
苏郑佳
孟婷婷
王梓涵
陈家宇
常景华
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常州机电职业技术学院
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/137884 priority Critical patent/WO2022133633A1/zh
Publication of WO2022133633A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022133633A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cultivation greenhouse with a height-adjustable sprinkler mechanism, belonging to the technical field of greenhouses.
  • the function of the smart greenhouse is to apply the intelligent control system to the greenhouse planting, use the most advanced bio-simulation technology to simulate the environment most suitable for the growth of plants in the greenhouse, and use temperature, humidity, CO2, illuminance sensors and other sensors to sense the various aspects of the greenhouse.
  • Environmental indicators, and data analysis through a microcomputer the computer monitors the water curtains, fans, sunshades and other facilities in the shed, thereby changing the biological growth environment inside the greenhouse.
  • the cultivation of crops in the smart greenhouse can greatly improve the quality of crops.
  • the survival rate is guaranteed, the yield is guaranteed, and the crops can be cultivated in all seasons.
  • the smart greenhouse uses sprinklers to sprinkle water on crops, but as the crops grow, the height of the crops becomes higher, and the gap between the crops becomes smaller, which easily leads to insufficient watering of the crops, and it is difficult to reach the root soil. In addition, it is difficult for the stems and leaves of crops to be well moistened, making the water absorption of crops unsatisfactory.
  • the connections between the various components of the greenhouse are mostly non-detachable welding forms, which greatly limit the disassembly, handling and reorganization of the greenhouse.
  • the bottom of the frame body is buried underground, and its connection and installation stability with the ground needs to be improved.
  • the invention is to solve the problem that in the existing smart crop cultivation greenhouse, the equipment used for watering crops cannot adjust the watering position according to the growth height of the crops, which leads to the problem that the watering is not comprehensive enough, and the structural stability of the crop cultivation greenhouse is poor. Therefore, a cultivation greenhouse with a height-adjustable sprinkler mechanism is provided.
  • a cultivation greenhouse with a height-adjustable sprinkler mechanism which includes a skeleton, a base, a water tank and an adjustable sprinkler mechanism, wherein the skeleton includes several groups of brackets arranged side by side and connecting rods connected between each adjacent two groups of brackets.
  • the brackets are all arch-shaped structures, and the two bottom ends of each bracket are respectively fixed with a base, and several bases are buried under the ground.
  • each adjustable sprinkler mechanism includes a root system sprinkler base, a telescopic sprinkler assembly connected to the root system sprinkler base, and a plurality of support frames arranged outside the telescopic sprinkler assembly,
  • the root sprinkler seat is provided with a cavity inside, the cavity communicates with the outside through a plurality of circumferentially arranged first sprinkler holes, and the cavity is connected to the water tank through a second water pipe, and a water pump is installed on the second water pipe.
  • the telescopic sprinkler assembly includes a plurality of guide rods, a coaxially sleeved and threaded hollow threaded pipe and a threaded sleeve, wherein the plurality of guide rods are circumferentially arranged on the top of the root sprinkler seat and are vertically arranged, and the hollow threaded
  • the bottom of the pipe is rotatably installed on the root system sprinkler base, and the hollow threaded pipe is communicated with the root system sprinkler base, and the top of the root system sprinkler base is fixedly equipped with a first motor, and the first motor drives the hollow threaded pipe to rotate through a gear transmission assembly
  • the hollow threaded pipe is machined with a plurality of second watering holes, the upper movable sleeve of the threaded sleeve is provided with a first guide sleeve, and the lower part is fixed with a second guide sleeve. superior.
  • a number of third watering holes are processed on the threaded sleeve, a movable sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the threaded sleeve, and the bottom end of the movable sleeve is fixed with a number of movable nuts with the same number as the guide rods along its circumferential direction, and A plurality of movable nuts are correspondingly slidably sleeved on a plurality of guide rods, each movable nut is equipped with a corresponding thread on a screw rod, and the upper and lower ends of each screw rod are respectively rotated and installed on the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve.
  • the second motor and chain drive assembly installed at the bottom end of the second guide sleeve drive several screws to rotate.
  • one end of the connecting rod is machined with a socket, and the other end is machined with an insertion rod, and the two adjacent connecting rods are inserted end to end and are connected by flanges.
  • each group of brackets includes an arc-shaped top frame and two uprights, wherein the top end of the upright post is butted with one end of the arc-shaped top frame and both are inserted into the socket, and the side wall of the socket is processed with a number of locking screws.
  • the holes, the uprights and the arc-shaped top brackets are correspondingly fixed on the brackets through a number of locking bolts and locking screw holes.
  • a check valve is installed on each of the first water pipes.
  • each weight-increasing chamber is connected with one or more water suction pipes.
  • each support frame and the telescopic sprinkler assembly are connected in rotation.
  • each support frame is fixedly provided with a prong.
  • the present invention has the following effects:
  • the water in the weighting cavity can be pumped out, which can effectively reduce the overall mass of the base and facilitate transportation; after the installation is completed, add water to the inside of the weighting cavity through the water tank Water, increase the weight of the base and improve the installation stability of the skeleton.
  • the roots of the plants are sprinkled through the root sprinkler base, and the top of the plants is sprayed through the telescopic sprinkler assembly. That is, the telescopic sprinkler mechanism is used to spray the stems and leaves of the crops, which has a moisturizing effect on the crops and improves the water absorption effect of the stems and leaves of the crops. It is guaranteed that at all height stages of plant growth, comprehensive watering can be achieved to ensure the water absorption of plants.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of an adjustable sprinkler mechanism
  • Fig. 3 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the P place of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram at 1 of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 6 is the partial three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of connecting rod
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of M in FIG. 1 .
  • a cultivation greenhouse with a height-adjustable sprinkler mechanism includes a skeleton, a base 1, a water tank 2 and an adjustable sprinkler mechanism 3, wherein the skeleton includes a number of side-by-side arrangements.
  • the cavity communicates with the outside through a number of first sprinkler holes 31-1 arranged in the circumferential direction, and the cavity is connected to the water tank 2 through a second water pipe 5 on which a water pump 6 is installed.
  • the number of water tanks 2 is multiple, and the number of bases 1 connected to each water tank 2 and the number of adjustable sprinkler mechanisms 3 are not limited.
  • one water tank 2 can be connected to two or more bases 1, or at the same time Connect two or more adjustable sprinklers 3 .
  • the water in the water tank 2 is sent into the adjustable sprinkler mechanism 3 by the water pump 6 .
  • the position of the water tank 2 is not limited, as long as it can supply water to the base 1 and the sprinkler mechanism at the same time.
  • the water tank 2 can be arranged close to the bracket 8, the sprinkler mechanism is arranged between the plants, and an appropriate number of sprinkler mechanisms are arranged according to the water consumption requirements of the plants.
  • the water tank 2 can also be placed in a reasonable position on the middle aisle of the greenhouse, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the first water pipe 4 and the second water pipe 5 can be rigid pipes or flexible pipes.
  • the adjustable sprinkler mechanism 3 is supported by a plurality of support frames 33 to ensure the stability of the sprinkler mechanism.
  • the weighting cavity 11 on the base 1 By opening the weighting cavity 11 on the base 1, when the base 1 is rotated, after the water in the weighting cavity 11 is drawn out, the overall mass of the base 1 can be effectively reduced, which is convenient for transportation; after the installation is completed, the water tank 2 Water is added to the inside of the weighting cavity 11 to increase the weight of the base 1 and improve the installation stability of the skeleton.
  • the root sprinkler base 31 is used to spray the plant roots, and the telescopic sprinkler assembly 32 is used to spray the top of the plant. That is, the telescopic sprinkler mechanism is used to spray the stems and leaves of the crops, which has a moisturizing effect on the crops and improves the water absorption effect of the stems and leaves of the crops.
  • the root sprinkler base 31 can be used for watering in the early stage of plant growth. It can expand and contract to adapt to the changes in the growth height of plants, and ensure that all-round watering can be achieved at various height stages of plant growth to ensure the water absorption of plants.
  • the base 1 and the adjustable sprinkler mechanism 3 are respectively connected to the water tank 2, that is, the water tank 2 can simultaneously increase the weight of the greenhouse frame and provide a water source for sprinkler.
  • the telescopic sprinkler assembly 32 includes a plurality of guide rods 32-1, a coaxially sleeved and threaded hollow threaded pipe 32-2 and a threaded sleeve 32-3, wherein the plurality of guide rods 32-1 are circumferentially arranged on the root sprinkler seat.
  • the tops of 31 are all vertically arranged, the bottom of the hollow threaded pipe 32-2 is rotatably mounted on the root sprinkler seat 31, and the hollow threaded pipe 32-2 is communicated with the root sprinkler seat 31, and the top of the root sprinkler seat 31 is fixedly installed.
  • first motor 32-4 There is a first motor 32-4, the first motor 32-4 drives the hollow threaded pipe 32-2 to rotate through the gear transmission assembly 32-5, and the hollow threaded pipe 32-2 is machined with a number of second watering holes 32-21,
  • the upper part of the threaded sleeve 32-3 is movable with a first guide sleeve 32-6, and the lower part is fixed with a second guide sleeve 32-7.
  • the first guide sleeve 32-6 and the second guide sleeve 32-7 are both slidably sleeved up and down. several guide rods 32-1.
  • the top of the root sprinkler base 31 is fixed with a mounting bracket 32-8, the driven gear in the gear transmission assembly 32-5 is coaxially sleeved on the hollow threaded pipe 32-2, and the driving gear is connected to the mounting bracket 32-8 through the rotation of the rotating shaft. .
  • the bottom of the hollow threaded pipe 32-2 is rotatably connected to the root sprinkler base 31 through a rotary joint.
  • the water enters the hollow threaded rod through the root sprinkler seat 31, and a plurality of second watering holes 32-21 are arranged axially and circumferentially along the hollow threaded pipe 32-2 at the same time, and pass through the first motor 32-4 and the gear transmission assembly 32-5.
  • the hollow threaded pipe 32-2 is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the threaded sleeve 32-3, so as to spray plants of different heights around the hollow threaded pipe 32-2.
  • the first and second guide sleeves and a plurality of guide rods 32-1 are used to guide the threaded sleeve 32-3, so as to prevent its self-rotation and improve its stability in the process of moving up and down.
  • the top end of the support frame 33 is rotatably mounted on the top end of the guide rod 32-1.
  • a plurality of third watering holes 32-31 are machined on the threaded sleeve 32-3, a movable sleeve 32-9 is coaxially sleeved on the outer of the threaded sleeve 32-3, and the bottom end of the movable sleeve 32-9 is fixed along its circumferential direction
  • a screw 32-11, the upper and lower ends of each screw 32-11 are respectively rotated and mounted on the first guide sleeve 32-6 and the second guide sleeve 32-7, and are installed on the bottom of the second guide sleeve 32-7.
  • the second motor 32-12 and the chain drive assembly 32-13 drive several screws 32-11 to rotate.
  • the rotation of the screw 32-11 makes the moving nut 32-10 move along its axial direction, thereby driving the movable sleeve 32-9 to move up and down, so as to realize the switch control of the third watering hole 32-31 on the threaded sleeve 32-3.
  • several moving nuts 32-10 can be replaced by an integral guide sleeve, as long as the up and down movement along the screw rod 32-11 can be realized when the screw rod 32-11 is rotated.
  • Several sprockets 32-131 in the chain drive assembly 32-13 are correspondingly sleeved on several screws 32-11, and the several sprockets 32-131 are connected by chains 32-132, so as to reduce the number of second motors 32-12 , effectively save power consumption.
  • the sprocket 32-131 can be installed on the bottom end of the screw 32-11 through the rotating shaft, or can be directly installed on the bottom end of the screw 32-11.
  • connecting rod 9 One end of the connecting rod 9 is machined with an insertion hole 91 , and the other end is machined with an insertion rod 92 . Both ends of each connecting rod 9 are integrally fixed with flanges 93 , and the two flanges 93 butted against each other are connected by bolts.
  • Each set of brackets 8 includes an arc-shaped top frame 81 and two uprights 82 , wherein the top end of the upright post 82 is abutted with one end of the arc-shaped top frame 81 and is inserted into the insertion hole 91 , and the side wall of the insertion hole 91 is processed through There are a plurality of locking screw holes 94 , and the upright column 82 and the arc-shaped top frame 81 are correspondingly fixed on the bracket 8 through a plurality of locking bolts 10 and the locking screw holes 94 .
  • a check valve is installed on each of the first water pipes 4 . Prevent backflow.
  • Each weighting chamber 11 is connected with one or more water pipes. It is convenient to pump out the water in the weighting cavity 11 .
  • Each support frame 33 and the telescopic sprinkler assembly 32 are connected in rotation. It is convenient to adjust the position of the support frame 33 .
  • each support frame 33 is fixedly provided with a prong.
  • the tip When in use, the tip is inserted into the ground, which is convenient for fixing the entire sprinkler mechanism and further improves the stability of the sprinkler mechanism.
  • first install the frame as a whole then connect the base 1 to the water tank 2, then insert the support frame 33 into the ground for fixing, and adjust the telescopic sprinkler assembly 32 in the adjustable sprinkler mechanism 3,
  • the positions of the first sprinkling hole 31-1, the second sprinkling hole 32-21 and the third sprinkling hole 32-31 are increased in sequence, which is suitable for the growth height of plants at different stages and ensures the comprehensiveness of sprinkling.
  • the second watering hole 32-21 and the third watering hole 32-31 are sealed, and only the first watering hole 31-1 is used for watering; 31 can not achieve comprehensive watering of plants, at this time, start the first motor 32-4, control the threaded sleeve 32-3 to move upward, exposing the second watering hole 32-21; when the length of the hollow threaded pipe 32-2 is not enough to meet
  • the second motor 32-12 is turned on, and the movable sleeve 32-9 is controlled to move upward, exposing the third watering hole 32-31, thereby realizing the comprehensive watering of the plant root system, stems and leaves. It can be effectively adjusted according to the growth height of crops to ensure the comprehensiveness of watering.

Abstract

一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，属于大棚技术领域。本发明解决了现有的智能农作物培植大棚中，用于对农作物进行洒水的设备无法根据农作物的生长高度调节洒水位置，进而导致洒水不够全面的问题，以及农作物培植大棚的结构稳定性较差的问题。每个底座内部均开设有增重腔，且每个增重腔分别通过第一水管连接至一个或多个水箱，每个可调式洒水机构均包括根系洒水座、连通设置在根系洒水座上方的伸缩式洒水组件以及布置在伸缩式洒水组件外部的若干支撑架，其中根系洒水座内部开设有空腔，所述空腔通过周向布置的若干第一洒水孔与外部连通，且所述空腔通过第二水管连接至水箱，第二水管上安装有水泵。

Description

一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚 技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，属于大棚技术领域。
背景技术
智能大棚的作用是将智能化控制系统应用到大棚种植上，利用最先进的生物模拟技术，模拟出最适合棚内植物生长的环境，采用温度、湿度、CO2、光照度传感器等感知大棚的各项环境指标，并通过微机进行数据分析，由微机对棚内的水帘、风机、遮阳板等设施实施监控，从而改变大棚内部的生物生长环境，在智能大棚中进行农作物的培植能够大幅提高农作物的存活率，保证产量，且在四季都能进行农作物的培植。
在现有技术中，智能大棚使用喷头对农作物进行洒水作业，但是随着农作物的生长，农作物高度变高，并且农作物之间的间隙变小，容易导致对农作物的洒水不够全面，难以达到根系土壤处，并且农作物茎叶部位也难以得到很好的湿润，使得农作物的吸水作用不够理想。
另外，因现有技术中的大棚结构限制，使得大棚的各组成部分之间的连接多为不可拆卸的焊接形式，对于大棚的拆卸、搬运及重组均受到很大的限制。并且大棚架体底部埋设在地下，其与地面的连接安装稳定性沿有待提高。
因此，发明一种智能化农作物培植大棚来解决上述问题很有必要。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决现有的智能农作物培植大棚中，用于对农作物进行洒水的设备无法根据农作物的生长高度调节洒水位置，进而导致洒水不够全面的问题，以及农作物培植大棚的结构稳定性较差的问题，进而提供了一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚。
本发明为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，它包括骨架、底座、水箱及可调式洒水机构，其中骨架包括并排布置的若干组支架及连接在每相临两组支架之间的连接杆，每组支架均呈拱型结构，且每组支架的两个底端各对应固装有一个底座，若干底座均埋设在地面下，每个底座内部均开设有增重腔，且每个增重腔分别通过第一水管连接至一个或多个水箱，每个可调式洒水机构均包括根系洒水座、连通设置在根系洒水座上方的伸缩式洒水组件以及布置在伸缩式洒水组件外部的若干支撑架，其中根系洒水座内部开设有空腔，所述空腔通过周向布置的若干第一洒水孔与外部连通，且所述空腔通过第二水管连接至水箱， 第二水管上安装有水泵。
进一步地，所述伸缩式洒水组件包括若干导向杆、同轴套装且螺纹连接的空心螺纹管及螺纹套，其中若干导向杆沿周向布置在根系洒水座的顶端且均竖直设置，空心螺纹管的底部转动安装在根系洒水座上且空心螺纹管与根系洒水座之间连通设置，根系洒水座的顶端固装有第一电机，所述第一电机通过齿轮传动组件驱动空心螺纹管转动，空心螺纹管上加工有若干第二洒水孔，螺纹套的上部活动套装有第一导向套，下部固装有第二导向套，第一导向套及第二导向套均上下滑动套装在若干导向杆上。
进一步地，螺纹套上加工有若干第三洒水孔，螺纹套的外部同轴套装有活动套管，活动套管的底端沿其周向固装有与导向杆数量相同的若干移动螺母，且若干移动螺母对应滑动套装在若干导向杆上，每个移动螺母上均对应螺纹穿装有一个螺杆，每个螺杆的上下两端分别转动穿装在第一导向套及第二导向套上，通过安装在第二导向套底端的第二电机及链传动组件带动若干螺杆转动。
进一步地，连接杆的一端均加工有插孔，另一端均加工有插杆，相临两个连接杆之间首尾插接且通过法兰连接。
进一步地，每组支架均包括弧形顶架及两个立柱，其中，立柱的顶端与弧形顶架的一端对接且均穿装在插孔内，插孔的侧壁贯通加工有若干锁定螺孔，立柱及弧形顶架对应通过若干锁定螺栓及锁定螺孔固装在支架上。
进一步地，每个第一水管上均安装有单向阀。
进一步地，每个增重腔均连接有一个或多个抽水管。
进一步地，每个支撑架与伸缩式洒水组件之间均为转动连接。
进一步地，每个支撑架的底端均固装有尖头。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下效果：
通过在底座上开设增重腔，在对底座进行转动时，将增重腔内的水抽出后，能够有效减少底座的总体质量，便于转运；在完成安装后，通过水箱向增重腔内部添加水，对底座进行增重，提高骨架的安装稳定性。
通过根系洒水座实现对植物根部进行洒水作业，通过伸缩式洒水组件实现对植物上方的喷洒。即利用伸缩式洒水机构对农作物的茎叶进行喷洒，对农作物起到湿润作用，提高农作物茎叶的吸水作用。保证在植物生长的各个高度阶段，均能实现全面的洒水，保证植物的吸水作用。
附图说明
图1为本申请的主视示意图；
图2为可调式洒水机构的主视示意图；
图3为图2的P处放大示意图；
图4为图2的I处放大示意图；
图5为相临两个连接杆之间的连接示意图；
图6为连接杆的局部立体结构示意图；
图7为图1的M处放大示意图。
具体实施方式
具体实施方式一：结合图1～7说明本实施方式，一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，它包括骨架、底座1、水箱2及可调式洒水机构3，其中骨架包括并排布置的若干组支架8及连接在每相临两组支架8之间的连接杆9，每组支架8均呈拱型结构，且每组支架8的两个底端各对应固装有一个底座1，若干底座1均埋设在地面下，每个底座1内部均开设有增重腔11，且每个增重腔11分别通过第一水管4连接至一个或多个水箱2，每个可调式洒水机构3均包括根系洒水座31、连通设置在根系洒水座31上方的伸缩式洒水组件32以及布置在伸缩式洒水组件32外部的若干支撑架33，其中根系洒水座31内部开设有空腔，所述空腔通过周向布置的若干第一洒水孔31-1与外部连通，且所述空腔通过第二水管5连接至水箱2，第二水管5上安装有水泵6。
水箱2的数量为多个，每个水箱2对应连接的底座1数量及可调式洒水机构3的数量均不限，如：可为一个水箱2连接两个或更多个底座1，也可以同时连接两个或更多个可调式洒水机构3。
利用水泵6将水箱2中的水送入可调式洒水机构3中。
水箱2的位置不限，只要能够同时为底座1及洒水机构供水即可。如：水箱2可以靠近支架8设置，洒水机构布置在植物之间，根据植物的用水量需求，布置合适数量的洒水机构。水箱2也可以放置在大棚中间过道上的合理位置，如图1中所示。
第一水管4和第二水管5可以是刚性管路，也可以是软管。
通过若干支撑架33实现对可调式洒水机构3的支撑，保证洒水机构的稳定性。
通过在底座1上开设增重腔11，在对底座1进行转动时，将增重腔11内的水抽出后，能够有效减少底座1的总体质量，便于转运；在完成安装后，通过水箱2向增重腔11内部添加水，对底座1进行增重，提高骨架的安装稳定性。
通过根系洒水座31实现对植物根部进行洒水作业，通过伸缩式洒水组件32实现对植 物上方的喷洒。即利用伸缩式洒水机构对农作物的茎叶进行喷洒，对农作物起到湿润作用，提高农作物茎叶的吸水作用。在植物的整个生长周期中，植物生长前期只通过根系洒水座31进行洒水即可，在植物生长中期及后期，根系洒水座31与伸缩式洒水组件32共同作业，通过调节伸缩式洒水组件32的伸缩，适应植物的生长高度变化，保证在植物生长的各个高度阶段，均能实现全面的洒水，保证植物的吸水作用。
底座1与可调式洒水机构3分别连接至水箱2，即通过水箱2同时实现为大棚骨架进行增重以及为洒水提供水源。
所述伸缩式洒水组件32包括若干导向杆32-1、同轴套装且螺纹连接的空心螺纹管32-2及螺纹套32-3，其中若干导向杆32-1沿周向布置在根系洒水座31的顶端且均竖直设置，空心螺纹管32-2的底部转动安装在根系洒水座31上且空心螺纹管32-2与根系洒水座31之间连通设置，根系洒水座31的顶端固装有第一电机32-4，所述第一电机32-4通过齿轮传动组件32-5驱动空心螺纹管32-2转动，空心螺纹管32-2上加工有若干第二洒水孔32-21，螺纹套32-3的上部活动套装有第一导向套32-6，下部固装有第二导向套32-7，第一导向套32-6及第二导向套32-7均上下滑动套装在若干导向杆32-1上。根系洒水座31顶端固装有安装架32-8，齿轮传动组件32-5中的从动齿轮同轴套装在空心螺纹管32-2上，主动齿轮通过转轴转动与安装架32-8转动连接。空心螺纹管32-2的底部通过旋转接头与根系洒水座31转动连接。水通过根系洒水座31进入到空心螺纹杆中，若干第二洒水孔32-21同时沿空心螺纹管32-2轴向及周向布置，通过第一电机32-4及齿轮传动组件32-5带动空心螺纹管32-2转动，进而实现螺纹套32-3的上下移动，以实现对空心螺纹管32-2周边不同高度的植物进行喷洒。通过第一、二导向套及若干导向杆32-1实现对螺纹套32-3的导向作用，防止其自转的同时提高其上下移动过程中的稳定性。支撑架33的顶端转动安装在导向杆32-1的顶端。
螺纹套32-3上加工有若干第三洒水孔32-31，螺纹套32-3的外部同轴套装有活动套管32-9，活动套管32-9的底端沿其周向固装有与导向杆32-1数量相同的若干移动螺母32-10，且若干移动螺母32-10对应滑动套装在若干导向杆32-1上，每个移动螺母32-10上均对应螺纹穿装有一个螺杆32-11，每个螺杆32-11的上下两端分别转动穿装在第一导向套32-6及第二导向套32-7上，通过安装在第二导向套32-7底端的第二电机32-12及链传动组件32-13带动若干螺杆32-11转动。螺杆32-11转动，使得移动螺母32-10沿其轴向移动，进而带动活动套管32-9上下移动，以实现对螺纹套32-3上的第三洒水孔32-31的开关控制。根据需要可以将若干移动螺母32-10用一个整体的导向套替代，只要能够在 螺杆32-11转动时实现沿螺杆32-11的上下移动即可。链传动组件32-13中的若干链轮32-131对应套装在若干螺杆32-11上，且若干链轮32-131之间通过链条32-132连接，以减少第二电机32-12的数量，有效节省电能消耗。链轮32-131可以通过转轴安装在螺杆32-11底端，也可以直接安装在螺杆32-11底端。
连接杆9的一端均加工有插孔91，另一端均加工有插杆92，相临两个连接杆9之间首尾插接且通过法兰93连接。每个连接杆9的两端部均一体固装有法兰93，相互对接的两个法兰93之间通过螺栓连接。
每组支架8均包括弧形顶架81及两个立柱82，其中，立柱82的顶端与弧形顶架81的一端对接且均穿装在插孔91内，插孔91的侧壁贯通加工有若干锁定螺孔94，立柱82及弧形顶架81对应通过若干锁定螺栓10及锁定螺孔94固装在支架8上。安装时，先将立柱82安装在底座1上，再通过锁定螺栓10将连接杆9的一端固定在立柱82的顶端，然后再通过锁定螺栓10将弧形顶架81固定在连接杆9上即可。骨架整体可拆卸成体积较小的零部件，从而能够更方便的对整体进行搬运和组装。
每个第一水管4上均安装有单向阀。防止回流。
每个增重腔11均连接有一个或多个抽水管。便于将增重腔11内的水抽出。
每个支撑架33与伸缩式洒水组件32之间均为转动连接。便于支撑架33位置的调节。
每个支撑架33的底端均固装有尖头。使用时将尖头插入到土地中，方便对整个洒水机构进行固定，进一步提高洒水机构的稳定性。
本申请在安装时，先将骨架整体进行安装，然后将底座1与水箱2连接，再将支撑架33插入到土地中进行固定，对可调式洒水机构3中的伸缩式洒水组件32进行调整，第一洒水孔31-1、第二洒水孔32-21及第三洒水孔32-31的位置依次增高，适用植物不同阶段的生长高度，保证洒水的全面性。
工作时，在植物幼苗阶段，第二洒水孔32-21及第三洒水孔32-31均被封住，只通过第一洒水孔31-1进行洒水作业；随差植物的生长，根系洒水座31无法实现对植物的全面洒水，此时，启动第一电机32-4，控制螺纹套32-3向上移动，露出第二洒水孔32-21；当空心螺纹管32-2的长度不足以满足植物的全面洒水需求时，开启第二电机32-12，控制活动套管32-9向上移动，露出第三洒水孔32-31，进而实现对植物根系及茎叶的全面洒水，整体使得本申请能够根据农作物的生长高度进行有效的调整，保证洒水的全面性。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：它包括骨架、底座(1)、水箱(2)及可调式洒水机构(3)，其中骨架包括并排布置的若干组支架(8)及连接在每相临两组支架(8)之间的连接杆(9)，每组支架(8)均呈拱型结构，且每组支架(8)的两个底端各对应固装有一个底座(1)，若干底座(1)均埋设在地面下，每个底座(1)内部均开设有增重腔(11)，且每个增重腔(11)分别通过第一水管(4)连接至一个或多个水箱(2)，每个可调式洒水机构(3)均包括根系洒水座(31)、连通设置在根系洒水座(31)上方的伸缩式洒水组件(32)以及布置在伸缩式洒水组件(32)外部的若干支撑架(33)，其中根系洒水座(31)内部开设有空腔，所述空腔通过周向布置的若干第一洒水孔(31-1)与外部连通，且所述空腔通过第二水管(5)连接至水箱(2)，第二水管(5)上安装有水泵(6)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：所述伸缩式洒水组件(32)包括若干导向杆(32-1)、同轴套装且螺纹连接的空心螺纹管(32-2)及螺纹套(32-3)，其中若干导向杆(32-1)沿周向布置在根系洒水座(31)的顶端且均竖直设置，空心螺纹管(32-2)的底部转动安装在根系洒水座(31)上且空心螺纹管(32-2)与根系洒水座(31)之间连通设置，根系洒水座(31)的顶端固装有第一电机(32-4)，所述第一电机(32-4)通过齿轮传动组件(32-5)驱动空心螺纹管(32-2)转动，空心螺纹管(32-2)上加工有若干第二洒水孔(32-21)，螺纹套(32-3)的上部活动套装有第一导向套(32-6)，下部固装有第二导向套(32-7)，第一导向套(32-6)及第二导向套(32-7)均上下滑动套装在若干导向杆(32-1)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：螺纹套(32-3)上加工有若干第三洒水孔(32-31)，螺纹套(32-3)的外部同轴套装有活动套管(32-9)，活动套管(32-9)的底端沿其周向固装有与导向杆(32-1)数量相同的若干移动螺母(32-10)，且若干移动螺母(32-10)对应滑动套装在若干导向杆(32-1)上，每个移动螺母(32-10)上均对应螺纹穿装有一个螺杆(32-11)，每个螺杆(32-11)的上下两端分别转动穿装在第一导向套(32-6)及第二导向套(32-7)上，通过安装在第二导向套(32-7)底端的第二电机(32-12)及链传动组件(32-13)带动若干螺杆(32-11)转动。
  4. 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：连接杆(9)的一端均加工有插孔(91)，另一端均加工有插杆(92)，相临两个连接杆(9)之间首尾插接且通过法兰(93)连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：每组支架(8)均包括弧形顶架(81)及两个立柱(82)，其中，立柱(82)的顶端与弧形顶架(81)的一端对接且均穿装在插孔(91)内，插孔(91)的侧壁贯通加工有若干锁定螺孔(94)，立 柱(82)及弧形顶架(81)对应通过若干锁定螺栓(10)及锁定螺孔(94)固装在支架(8)上。
  6. 根据权利要求1、2、3或5所述的一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：每个第一水管(4)上均安装有单向阀。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：每个增重腔(11)均连接有一个或多个抽水管。
  8. 根据权利要求1、2、3、5或7所述的一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：每个支撑架(33)与伸缩式洒水组件(32)之间均为转动连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种具有高度可调式洒水机构的培植大棚，其特征在于：每个支撑架(33)的底端均固装有尖头。
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