WO2022127392A1 - Communication antenna array and electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided in an embodiment of the present application are a communication antenna array and an electronic device. The communication antenna array is applied to a user equipment (UE). The communication antenna array comprises: at least two antenna units, the at least two antenna units being arranged orthogonally. Each antenna unit comprises two sets of laminated patches, wherein radiating edges of each set of laminated patches form a function shape, radiating edges of two layers employ an integral orthogonal basis function curve, and non-radiating edges of each set of laminated patches employ a corrugated function shape. The technical solution of the present application has the advantages of not occupying an additional area, and reducing costs and packaging thickness.

Description

Communication antenna array and electronic equipment technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of communication processing, and in particular, to a communication antenna array and an electronic device.

Background technique

3GPP's 5G standard defines multiple mmWave frequency bands for NR-FR2, such as frequency bands N257, N258 and N261 spanning 24.25-29.5GHz in China, the United States, Japan, South Korea, Europe and other regions, with a bandwidth of about 20% relative to its center frequency; frequency band N259 And N260 spans 37-43.5GHz, and the bandwidth relative to its center frequency is about 16%; compatibility with the specified frequency bands in different regions of the world requires a multi-band broadband antenna. 5G mmWave communication also requires AiP (Antenna in Package) to support simultaneous dual-polarization work to achieve polarization diversity or data MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output).

The existing AiP technology usually uses a multi-layer MSA as a planar array UPA (Uniform Patch Array, uniform patch array). To support dual polarization and multi-band operation, the same set of MSAs need to be connected to multiple RFIC input and output ports (RFIO), Multiple feed networks and their connected feed points are created. The existing MSA technology uses multi-layer stacked patches and planar parasitic units to achieve multi-band operation and widen the working bandwidth. The electromagnetic field is bound to generate strong spatial coupling in such a narrow space, and the coupling will directly affect the work of diversity and MIMO. The coupling even makes the electromagnetic energy transmitted between different RFIOs instead of being radiated through the antenna, which greatly reduces the radiation efficiency. The existing method of AiP to deal with electromagnetic coupling is to insert filters in the feed network, such as notch, band-pass, band-stop or other forms of frequency band polarization duplex structure. The introduced filter duplex circuit undoubtedly increases. Feeding insertion loss, occupying additional area; more complex filter circuits may also occupy more substrate layers, increasing the cost and the thickness of the package, which is not conducive to the slim industrial design requirements of today's mobile terminals.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiment of the present application discloses a communication antenna array and an electronic device, which can reduce the filtering duplex circuit, do not occupy additional area, and reduce the cost and package thickness.

In a first aspect, a communication antenna array is provided, the communication antenna array is applied to a user equipment UE, and the communication antenna array includes: at least two antenna units; the at least two antenna units are arranged orthogonally;

The antenna unit includes: 2 groups of laminated patches; wherein,

The radiating edges of each stack of patches are functionally shaped and the radiating edges of the two layers use integral orthogonal basis function curves;

The non-radiating edges of each set of stacked patches use a corrugated function shape.

In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device including the communication antenna array of the first aspect.

A third aspect provides a chip package structure including the communication antenna array of the first aspect.

The communication antenna array provided by the present application includes at least two antenna units, and each antenna unit is implemented by two groups of stacked patch antennas to achieve two mutually orthogonal polarization directions respectively. There is a layer of metal between the patch antenna and the RFIC as the global grounding of the AiP module. The I/O of the RFIC is connected to the stacked patch by the feed network through a metal via through the ground layer to stimulate the antenna; The layer patch has 2 metal layers, and the 4 edges of the patch can be divided into 2 groups, a group of 2 parallel edges are radiating edges, and the other group of 2 parallel edges are non-radiating edges. In the present application, the two radiating edges are set as periodic function shapes, such as the basis functions of the trigonometric function family; and the two radiating edges located on different layers are respectively set as two integral orthogonal low periodic function shapes. On the two non-radiating edges, a function of high periodicity is used to form a corrugated edge, so that the transmission of electromagnetic waves along the patch produces a slow wave effect to reduce the transmission distance; in addition, a low-order function is superimposed on the high periodicity function to form The inward recess of the non-radiating edge further reduces the area and can increase the distance between the two polarization units to improve the isolation between polarizations.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present application will be introduced below.

1 is a system architecture diagram of an example communication system;

FIG. 2 is a partial cut-out schematic diagram of a communication antenna array provided by the present application;

2a is a schematic diagram of the isolation between partial polarizations and units of the AiP array provided by the embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication antenna array provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram of a bias structure of a communication antenna array provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication antenna array provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a diamond array of a communication antenna array provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

7 is a schematic diagram of a bias structure of a communication antenna array provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the array gain of the AiP array shown in the application at 37 GHz;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the array gain of the AiP array shown in the application at 40 GHz;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the gain of the AiP array shown in the present application at 43 GHz.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

The term "and/or" in this application is only an association relationship to describe associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, independently There are three cases of B. In addition, the character "/" in this text indicates that the related objects are an "or" relationship.

The "plurality" in the embodiments of the present application refers to two or more. The descriptions of the first, second, etc. appearing in the embodiments of the present application are only used for illustration and distinguishing the description objects, and have no order. any limitations of the examples. The "connection" in the embodiments of the present application refers to various connection modes such as direct connection or indirect connection, so as to realize communication between devices, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the example communication system 100 shown in FIG.

The terminal in the embodiments of this application may refer to various forms of UE, access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, MS (English: mobile station, Chinese: mobile station), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, User terminal, terminal equipment (English: terminal equipment), wireless communication equipment, user agent or user equipment. The terminal device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (English: session initiation protocol, Chinese: Session Initiation Protocol) phone, a WLL (English: wireless local loop, Chinese: wireless local loop) station, a PDA (English: personal digital assistant, Chinese: personal digital assistant), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in future 5G networks or future evolved PLMN (English) : public land mobile network, Chinese: terminal equipment in public land mobile communication network), etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial cut-out of the communication antenna array, and the partial cut-out schematic diagram includes a pair of antenna units, as shown in FIG. (in the terminal in the communication system shown), specifically, a pair of antenna units may be disposed on the substrate 10, and the pair of communication antenna units includes: at least two antenna units 20; the at least two antenna units are orthogonal Setting (that is, the angle of the two antenna units can be 90°);

The antenna unit includes 20:2 groups of laminated patches 201; wherein,

The radiating edges 2011 of each stack of patches are functionally shaped and the radiating edges of the two layers use integral orthogonal basis function curves;

The non-radiating edges 2012 of each set of stacked patches use a corrugated function shape.

In an optional solution, as shown in FIG. 2 , the radiation edges of the two layers use an integral orthogonal basis function curve specifically including:

The radiating edges of the two layers use integral orthogonal low period number trigonometric shapes.

In an optional solution, as shown in FIG. 2 , the non-radiating edge of each group of laminated patches uses a corrugated function shape specifically including:

The non-radiative edges of each group of laminated patches use a high-period number of trigonometric functions to superimpose low-order functions to form corrugated edges.

The high period may be a trigonometric function shape larger than the low period, the low period may be a preset lower period range, and the high period may be a preset higher period range. Specifically, the low cycle may be a preset number of one or two cycles, and the high cycle may specifically be a preset number of more than five cycles.

The communication antenna array provided by the present application includes at least two antenna units, and each antenna unit is implemented by two groups of stacked patch antennas to achieve two mutually orthogonal polarization directions respectively. There is a layer of metal between the patch antenna and the RFIC as the global ground of the AiP module, and the I/O of the RFIC is connected to the stack patch by the feed network through a metal via through the ground layer to stimulate the antenna; The layer patch has 2 metal layers, and the 4 edges of the patch can be divided into 2 groups, a group of 2 parallel edges are radiating edges, and the other group of 2 parallel edges are non-radiating edges. In this application, the two radiating edges are set as periodic function shapes, such as the basis function of the trigonometric function family; the two radiating edges located on different layers are respectively set as two integral orthogonal low-periodic function shapes. The non-radiating edge uses a function with a high period number to form a corrugated edge, so that the transmission of electromagnetic waves along the patch produces a slow wave effect to reduce the transmission distance; in addition, a low-order function is superimposed on the high period number function to form a non-radiating edge. The inward recess further reduces the area, and can increase the distance between the two polarization units to improve the isolation between polarizations. Partial polarization and inter-unit isolation in the AiP array of the present application are shown in Figure 2a. In the absence of any additional duplex filter circuit, the mutual isolation in the frequency band is better than -15dB, which can meet the requirements of polarization and inter-unit isolation. isolation requirements; minimizing transmission losses in the feeder network, ensuring radiation gain and the orthogonality necessary for diversity MIMO.

In an optional solution, the two antenna arrays include 8 antenna elements, the 8 antenna elements are two uniform patch arrays UPA, and the orthogonal horizontal and vertical polarization arrays of each antenna element are in a straight line arrangement.

In an optional solution, the UPA includes: two identically polarized arrays, and the same polarized array is a diamond array.

In an optional solution, two centers of two antenna units adjacent in the vertical direction are provided with offsets.

In an optional solution, the two antenna arrays include 8 antenna elements, the 8 antenna elements are two uniform patch arrays UPA, and the orthogonal horizontal and vertical polarization arrays of each antenna element are in a straight line The two antenna elements that are arranged and adjacent in the vertical direction are each rotated by an angle of α.

In an optional solution, the α is 30°, 45° or 60°.

In an optional solution, two centers of two antenna units adjacent in the vertical direction are provided with offsets.

Example 1

An embodiment of the present application provides a communication antenna array. The communication antenna array in the embodiment of the present application includes: 8 antenna units 20, whose arrangement and distribution are shown in FIG. 3 . The horizontal (H) and vertical (V) polarized arrays of the two antenna elements orthogonal to each other are arranged in a straight line. The unit arrangement method in the array direction is (the horizontal direction in the embodiment of FIG. 3 ): select the wavelength corresponding to the appropriate frequency in the working frequency band. In Figure 3, the horizontal positions of the same group of V/H polarized units are aligned, and the unit spacing of the V/H two arrays is equal. The antenna unit of the application uses corrugated and recessed structures at the non-radiating edge, so that better isolation between polarizations can still be obtained when the unit spacing is small.

The basic array is regularly arranged according to the design form of the conventional array, and there are other structural parameters in the antenna element and the array that can be used to improve performance indicators such as array gain, isolation between polarization elements, etc., and optimize the layout to increase Freedom of control over the overall AiP design.

Figure 4 shows a design of a 1x4 element AiP array in which the antenna elements are arranged in a 1-dimensional rhombus distribution. The four elements in the dotted box 401 in the figure are arrays of the same polarization; the other four elements constitute another orthogonal polarization array of . This arrangement forms two polarized 1D rhombus arrays, and both the rhombus array and the linear array can obtain the array factor results in analytical form; compared with the linear array, under the appropriate longitudinal offset, the rhombus array has higher array gain. Therefore, the present invention adopts two polarization-separated unit designs and a 1-dimensional diamond array form, which is beneficial to achieve better array performance in a compact space. In addition, between adjacent H/V polarization units, an offset Xoff in the horizontal position can also be introduced, as shown in Figure 4; this offset can be used to better control the coupling between the units, and the V/ H Radiation performance of the two arrays.

Embodiment 2

The embodiment of the present application provides a communication antenna array. The communication antenna array in the embodiment of the present application includes: 8 antenna units 20, whose arrangement and distribution are shown in FIG. The (H) and vertical (V) polarized arrays are arranged in a straight line, and the V/H polarized units are rotated by α (for example, 45°) to form an array form. In this array form, the units of each polarization are still arranged in a straight line, forming two 1x4 linear arrays with two polarizations of V/H; adjacent V/H units in this array form have two radiating edges adjacent to each other It is at a right angle and the distance is relatively short; by controlling the feed point and position offset, a good isolation between polarizations can still be obtained. The overall array form can ensure good orthogonal characteristics of the two polarizations in the radiation field. Although various curved edge designs are used, the space between the units in this array form is still relatively regular, which can accommodate AiP units or other circuits in other frequency bands. Therefore, this array form has a more efficient board layout and is suitable for multi-frequency bands. Design requirements for AiP.

In the array form of Fig. 6, the V/H units are rotated by 45° and then arranged in a 1-D rhombus. In the figure, the 4 units in the dotted box 601 form a 1-D rhombus array with the same polarization, and the other 4 units form a polarization. Orthogonal another 1-dimensional diamond array. Although taking the polarization direction as the reference coordinate, the 1D array shown in Fig. 4 presents an irregular arrangement, but the main lobe characteristics of the pattern of the array are still consistent with the radiation field characteristics of a regular 1D line or diamond array. Also, by controlling several parameters such as the distance between the elements and the position of the feed point, good isolation between polarizations and polarization orthogonality of the radiation field can be obtained. This form of array layout can form a more regular outline between the two groups of units, which is beneficial to the integration of other antenna circuit structures.

Figure 7 shows an array form in which a position offset (here, the horizontal offset Xoff is taken as an example) is further introduced between adjacent orthogonal polarization units, which can further improve the isolation between polarizations and the radiation field. polarization orthogonality. In this array form, the array element spacing of the same group of polarization still maintains the uniform array element spacing of 1-dimensional rhombus arrangement.

8 is a schematic diagram of the gain of the AiP array shown in the application at 37 GHz, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the array gain of the AiP array shown in the application at 40 GHz, and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the gain of the AiP array shown in the application at 43 GHz. Figure 8, Figure 9, and Figure 10 show the radiation patterns of the AiP array of the present application in the N259 and N260 frequency bands. The array gain results in the figures have taken into account the various losses of the feeder network and substrate materials, which are the final acceptable results. achieve gain. Referring to Figure 8, Figure 9, and Figure 10, it can be observed that although the symmetry of the array radiation is lost due to the introduction of the position offset and 1-dimensional diamond arrangement, the overall gain of the array still meets the design expectations of UPA, Moreover, the gain in the two frequency bands N259 and N260 of the high frequency band currently defined by 5GNR FR2 is relatively high, and both have the same main lobe gain.

The present application further provides a user equipment, and the user equipment may include the above-mentioned communication antenna arrays shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 , and FIG. 7 .

The present application further provides a chip package structure, and the chip package structure may include the above-mentioned communication antenna array as shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 , and FIG. 7 .

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative, for example, the division of the above-mentioned units is only a logical function division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. On the other hand, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical or other forms.

The above-mentioned units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.

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Claims (11)

1. A communication antenna array, characterized in that the communication antenna array is applied to a user equipment UE, and the communication antenna array includes: at least two antenna units; the at least two antenna units are arranged orthogonally;

   The antenna unit includes: 2 groups of laminated patches; wherein,

   The radiating edges of each stack of patches are functionally shaped and the radiating edges of the two layers use integral orthogonal basis function curves;

   The non-radiating edges of each set of stacked patches use a corrugated function shape.
2. The communication antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the radiation edges of the two layers using integral orthogonal basis function curves specifically include:

   The radiating edges of the two layers use integral orthogonal low period number trigonometric shapes.
3. The communication antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the non-radiating edge of each group of laminated patches using a corrugated function shape specifically comprises:

   The non-radiative edges of each group of laminated patches use a high-period number of trigonometric functions to superimpose low-order functions to form corrugated edges.
4. The communication antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the communication antenna array comprises: two antenna arrays, including 8 antenna units, the 8 antenna units are in the form of two uniform patch arrays UPA, each The horizontally and vertically polarized arrays of antenna elements orthogonal to each other are arranged in a straight line.
5. The communication antenna array according to claim 4, wherein the UPA comprises: two identically polarized arrays, and the identically polarized arrays are diamond-shaped arrays.
6. The communication antenna array according to claim 4 or 5, wherein an offset is set between two centers of two adjacent antenna elements in the vertical direction.
7. The communication antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the communication antenna array comprises: two antenna arrays, including 8 antenna units, the 8 antenna units are in the form of two uniform patch arrays UPA, each The horizontal and vertical polarized arrays of the antenna elements orthogonal to each other are arranged in a straight line, and the two antenna elements adjacent in the vertical direction are respectively rotated by an angle of α.
8. The communication antenna array according to claim 7, wherein the α is 30°, 45° or 60°.
9. The communication antenna array according to claim 7 or 8, wherein an offset is set between two centers of two adjacent antenna elements in the vertical direction.
10. A user equipment, characterized in that the user equipment comprises the communication antenna array according to any one of claims 1-9.
11. A chip package structure, characterized in that, the chip package structure includes the communication antenna array according to any one of claims 1-9.

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