WO2022121838A1

WO2022121838A1 - Expansion unit combined adjustable oil brake structure

Info

Publication number: WO2022121838A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/135710
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王朝; 刘庆洋; 王杰; 何春辉
Original assignee: 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司; 张家港氢云新能源研究院有限公司
Priority date: 2020-12-08
Filing date: 2021-12-06
Publication date: 2022-06-16
Also published as: CN112610629B; CN112610629A

Abstract

An expansion unit combined adjustable oil brake structure, comprising a brake housing composed of an outer housing (1) and an inner housing (2), and an expansion wheel axle (4) provided with an expansion wheel (3), the expansion wheel axle (4) being movably supported in the inner housing (2) by means of a pair of bearings (5). A brake oil inlet oil groove (6) and a brake oil outlet oil discharge groove (7) are provided between the outer housing (1) and the inner housing (2); and a brake oil inlet (9) that communicates with the brake oil inlet oil groove (6), and an oil discharge port (10) that communicates with the brake oil outlet oil discharge groove (7) are formed in the outer housing (1), and the brake oil outlet oil discharge groove (7) communicates with the inner housing (2). Annularly and uniformly distributed oil passages (11) for tangential brake oil injection are disposed in the inner housing (2), the direction of each oil passage (11) for tangential brake oil injection is tangential to the outer diameter of a cross section of the expansion wheel axle (4) in the same cross section of said oil passage, and the oil injection direction of each oil passage (11) for tangential brake oil injection is opposite to the rotation direction of the expansion wheel axle (4). Two sets of brake pad baffles (12) are fixed in the inner housing (2), and a plurality of brake pads (13) are arranged between each set of brake pad baffles (12) and a set of oil passages for brake oil injection. The oil brake structure has the advantage of high braking efficiency.

Description

Expander combined adjustable oil brake structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil-braking turbo-expanders, in particular to an expander combined adjustable oil-braking structure.

Background technique

At present, the braking methods often used in turboexpanders include oil braking and fan braking. The fan braking method generally has a small load, but the structure is simple, so the expansion machine with a braking load below 50kw generally adopts the fan braking method; the oil braking structure is more complicated than the fan braking. Controlling the speed of the expansion wheel of the expander has the advantages of stable braking, low noise, large braking range, and can realize large-scale braking. Therefore, it is more widely used, especially for expanders with a braking load greater than 50kw.

In the existing oil brake structure, a brake is usually provided at the brake end. The brake mainly includes an annular brake casing and an oil inlet/outlet channel. The inner wall of the annular brake casing is provided with different numbers of annular oil grooves coaxial with the expansion wheel at the expansion end. The annular oil groove is often directly processed on the brake housing as a single piece as a stator, the expansion axle is used as the mover, and a certain pressure of brake oil is introduced between the rotor and the stator, and the work output by the expansion end is converted into heat through friction. It is taken away by the brake oil, and the brake load and speed of the expander can be changed by adjusting the oil pressure and oil supply. The existing oil braking technology only relies on adjusting the oil pressure and oil supply amount, and the brake oil friction brakes through the gap between the rotor and the stator. The braking mode is single, the braking efficiency is relatively low, and the radial ring groove The required oil supply channels are many, the oil channel path is long, and the structure is too large, the oil supply is prone to uneven flow, resulting in unstable braking, and the integrated annular fixed oil groove is not convenient for the adjustment of the braking load range, nor for maintenance and replacement. brakes.

The existing oil braking technology only relies on adjusting the oil pressure and oil supply, and the friction braking of the brake oil through the gap between the rotor and the stator, the braking mode is single, and the braking efficiency is relatively low; and the radial ring The groove requires many oil supply channels, and the oil channel path is long, and the oil supply is prone to uneven flow, resulting in unstable local brake oil pressure, and the integral fixed annular oil groove is not convenient for adjusting the braking load range.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an expander combined adjustable oil brake structure which can improve the braking efficiency.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an expander combined adjustable oil brake structure, including: a brake casing composed of an outer casing and an inner casing arranged in the outer casing, and an expansion wheel equipped with an expansion wheel. The axle, the shaft ends on both sides of the expansion axle are respectively movably supported in the brake housing through a bearing arranged in the brake housing; a brake oil inlet oil groove and a brake oil outlet oil discharge groove are arranged between the outer casing and the inner casing , between the brake oil inlet oil groove and the brake oil outlet oil discharge groove, a seal to isolate and seal the two oil grooves is provided, and the housing is provided with a brake oil inlet that communicates with the brake oil inlet oil groove, and a communication system. The oil discharge port of the dynamic oil outlet oil discharge groove, the brake oil outlet oil discharge groove is also communicated with the inner cavity of the inner shell; a brake oil injection oil channel group is arranged in the inner shell, and the brake oil injection oil channel group is composed of Several tangential injection oil passages for brake oil evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, one end of each tangential injection oil passage for brake oil is connected with the oil groove of the brake oil inlet, and the other end penetrates to the inner wall of the inner shell. The direction of oil tangential injection into the oil channel is tangent to the section outer diameter of the expansion axle in the same section of the oil channel, and the oil injection direction of each brake oil tangentially injected into the oil channel is opposite to the rotation direction of the expansion axle; Two sets of brake pad baffles sleeved on the outside of the expansion axle are fixed in the inner cavity of the shell. The two sets of brake pad baffles are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the brake oil injection oil channel group. There is a limited flow gap between the expansion axles, a number of brake pads are arranged between each set of brake pad baffles and the brake oil injection oil channel group, and a braking gap is left between each brake pad and the expansion axle , On the inner wall of each brake pad, there are several axial oil grooves of the brake pads that are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and there are several axially evenly distributed oil grooves on the inner wall of the inner shell that correspond to the axial direction of the brake pads. The oil groove and the brake oil are tangentially injected into the oil channel of the uniform distribution oil groove.

Further, the aforementioned expander combined adjustable oil brake structure, wherein: between the outer shell and the inner shell, there are two brake oil outlet oil drain grooves, and the two brake oil outlet oil drain grooves are located in the brake oil inlet oil groove. On the left and right sides, between the brake oil inlet oil groove and the adjacent brake oil outlet oil discharge groove, there are respectively provided with seals to isolate and seal the two oil grooves. The first outlet passage on the casing communicates with the inner cavity of the inner casing, and each brake oil outlet oil drain groove communicates with the oil discharge port through the second outlet passage provided on the outer casing and the third outlet passage on the outer casing.

Further, the aforementioned expander combined adjustable oil brake structure, wherein: the seal is provided between the brake oil inlet oil groove and the adjacent brake oil outlet oil groove to seal between the inner casing and the outer casing. gap seal.

Further, in the aforementioned expander combined adjustable oil brake structure, wherein: the brake pad and the brake pad baffle are detachably mounted on the inner wall of the inner shell through locking screws.

Further, in the aforementioned expander combined adjustable oil brake structure, wherein: the expansion wheel is detachably fixed on the expansion wheel shaft by means of locking bolts.

Through the implementation of the above-mentioned technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The main structure of the oil brake structure proposed by the present invention is a split type, and the main structure is composed of a brake housing, a plurality of brake pads and two brake pad baffles. The baffle is the stator, the expansion axle is the mover, and the gap between the stator and the mover is the friction braking gap of the brake oil. Increasing or decreasing the brake pad can adjust the braking area of the brake oil, and then adjust the braking load. The oil brake structure is convenient and flexible to adjust, and has a large adjustable range; the split design divides the complexity of single-piece manufacturing, reduces the difficulty of manufacturing, and facilitates local replacement and maintenance, reducing manufacturing costs;

(2) In the oil brake structure proposed by the present invention, the tangential injection oil passage of the brake oil flows in the reverse tangential direction of the rotation direction of the mover. After the brake oil with kinetic energy enters the braking gap in reverse, the kinetic energy is converted into damping kinetic energy. The rotating force of the rotor, and then through the friction braking between the mover and the stator, the braking efficiency is higher under the compound double-stage braking action;

(3) In the oil brake structure proposed by the present invention, the tangential injection oil passages of the brake oil are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and corresponding to the axial oil grooves of the brake pads which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the brake pads, the brake oil passes through the circumferentially evenly distributed brake pads. The brake oil is tangentially injected into the oil channel and the evenly distributed oil groove can quickly reach the axial oil groove of the uniformly distributed brake pads in the circumferential direction, and all the axial oil grooves of the brake pads are filled with brake oil. The oil path between the brake gaps is uniform and short, so the brake oil in the axial oil groove can quickly and evenly fill the brake gap between the stator and the mover, so the braking process is stable and the braking effect is better;

(4) The brake pad baffle in the oil brake structure proposed by the present invention is used to prevent the rapid leakage of the brake oil in the brake pad ring to the oil tank, resulting in insufficient brake oil pressure, and the brake pad baffle and the mover The value of the current limiting gap between the two is the leakage flow area of the brake oil. By replacing the brake pad baffles with different gap values, the flow area is changed, and the amount of brake oil leakage can be adjusted to promote the set friction between the stator and the mover. Oil pressure and oil volume for braking; at the same time, the brake pads are simple to manufacture and easy to replace, so they are highly adjustable and easy to replace and maintain;

(5) The oil brake structure proposed by the present invention is more compact and compact, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance of local components, and also reduces the difficulty of production and manufacture, lowers the investment cost, and has better braking effect.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the expander combined adjustable oil brake structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the A-A section shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the H portion shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the brake pad shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the brake pad baffle shown in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the described expander combined adjustable oil brake structure includes: a system consisting of an outer shell 1 and an inner shell 2 arranged in the outer shell 1 The movable casing and the expansion wheel shaft 4 equipped with the expansion wheel 3, the shaft ends on both sides of the expansion wheel shaft 4 are respectively movably supported on the inner shell of the brake shell through a bearing 5 arranged in the inner shell 2 of the brake shell 2; between the outer casing 1 and the inner casing 2, a brake oil inlet oil groove 6 and a brake oil outlet oil discharge groove 7 are provided, and between the brake oil inlet oil groove 6 and the brake oil outlet oil groove 7 The two oil grooves are isolated and sealed with a seal 8. The seal 8 isolates and seals the brake oil inlet oil groove 6 and the adjacent brake oil outlet oil discharge groove 7, thereby preventing the brake oil injected from the brake oil inlet 9 from remaining. Braking work is discharged from the brake oil inlet oil groove 6; the housing 1 is provided with a brake oil inlet 9 that communicates with the brake oil inlet oil groove 6 and an oil discharge port 10 that communicates with the brake oil outlet oil groove 7, The brake oil outlet oil discharge groove 7 is also communicated with the inner cavity of the inner shell 2; the inner shell 2 is provided with a brake oil injection oil channel group, and the brake oil injection oil channel group is uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction by several lines. The brake oil is tangentially injected into the oil channel 11, one end of each brake oil tangential injection oil channel 11 is connected with the brake oil inlet oil groove 6, and the other end is penetrated to the inner wall of the inner shell 2. The direction of the injection oil passage 11 is tangent to the outer diameter of the section of the expansion axle 4 in the same section of the oil passage, and the injection direction of each brake oil tangentially injected into the oil passage 11 is opposite to the rotation direction of the expansion axle 4. The design of the oil circuit in which the brake oil is tangentially injected into the oil passage 11 can make the injected brake oil with kinetic energy reversely enter the braking gap, and the kinetic energy is converted into the rotational force of the damping mover, thereby damping the rotation of the expansion axle 4, and then passing through the With the friction braking between the mover and the stator, the braking efficiency is higher under the compound double-stage braking action; in the inner cavity of the inner shell 2, there are two sets of brake pad blocks sleeved on the outside of the expansion axle 4. Plate 12, two sets of brake pad baffles 12 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the brake oil injection oil channel group, each set of brake pad baffles 12 and the expansion axle 4 leave a current-limiting gap, and the current-limiting gap is used for braking The limited discharge of oil makes the oil pressure and oil volume of the injected brake oil meet the set friction braking requirements and reach the set speed of the expansion wheel 3; the brake pad baffle 12 is used to prevent the brake pad from being axially The rapid leakage of the brake oil in the oil tank 14 results in insufficient brake oil pressure. The value of the current-limiting gap between the brake pad baffle 12 and the mover is the leakage flow area of the brake oil. By replacing the brakes with different gap values Plate baffle to change the flow area, so as to adjust the amount of brake oil leakage, to promote the stator and mover to reach the set oil pressure and oil volume for friction braking; in each group of brake pad baffle 12 and brake A number of brake pads 13 are arranged between the oil injection oil channel groups. The brake pads 13 are simple to manufacture and easy to replace, so they have strong adjustability and are easy to replace and maintain; the number of brake pads 13 can be adjusted according to different braking loads. Increase or decrease adjustment, increase or decrease the brake pad can adjust the braking area of the brake oil, and then adjust the braking load; there is a braking gap between each brake pad 13 and the expansion axle 4, and the braking The dynamic gap is used to pass the brake oil, so that the brake oil does work on the friction between the mover and the stator, and brakes the mover; on the inner wall of each brake pad 13, there are several brakes that are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The plate axial oil groove 14 is provided on the inner wall of the inner shell 2 with a number of uniformly distributed oil grooves 15 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and correspond to the axial oil groove 14 of the brake plate and the tangential injection oil channel 11 of the brake oil. The oil groove 15 is used for uniform injection of brake oil; since the brake oil injected from the brake oil inlet 9 into the brake oil inlet oil groove 6 can quickly reach the upper ring of the brake pad through the uniformly distributed brake oil tangential injection oil passage 11 To the evenly distributed brake pad axial oil groove 14, since the oil path between the brake pad axial oil groove 14 and the brake gap is uniform and short, the brake oil in the brake pad axial oil groove 14 can be filled quickly, evenly and stably. There is a braking gap between the stator and the mover, so the braking process is smooth and the braking effect is better.

In this embodiment, two brake oil outlet oil grooves 7 are provided between the outer casing 1 and the inner casing 2, and the two brake oil outlet oil discharge grooves 7 are located on the left and right sides of the brake oil inlet oil groove 6. Seals 8 are respectively provided between the dynamic oil inlet oil groove 6 and the adjacent brake oil outlet oil discharge groove 7 to isolate and seal the two oil grooves, and each brake oil outlet oil discharge groove 7 is disposed on the inner shell 2 through The first outlet passage 16 is communicated with the inner cavity 21 of the inner casing 2, and each brake oil outlet oil drain groove 7 is connected to the second outlet passage 17 provided on the outer casing 1 and the third outlet passage 20 on the outer casing 1 to drain oil. In this embodiment, the sealing member 8 is arranged between the brake oil inlet oil groove 6 and the adjacent brake oil outlet oil discharge groove 7 to seal the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 1 The sealing ring between the gaps is relatively low in cost and reduces the use cost of the enterprise; in this embodiment, the brake pad 13 and the brake pad baffle 12 are detachably installed on the inner wall of the inner shell 2 through the locking screw 18 In this way, the disassembly, assembly and maintenance are more convenient, and the assembly efficiency is improved; in this embodiment, the expansion wheel 3 is detachably fixed on the expansion wheel shaft 4 through the locking bolt 19, so that the disassembly and assembly maintenance is more convenient, and the assembly efficiency is improved;

When working: the outer shell 1, the inner shell 2, the brake pad 13 and the brake pad baffle 12 are fixed to each other as a whole, as a stator; the expansion wheel 3 and the expansion wheel shaft 4 are fixed as a whole with each other, as a mover; in the gas medium Under the action of loading and the joint limit of the two bearings 5, the mover rotates clockwise. During the process, the gas expands to work externally to obtain a low temperature; when braking, inject the brake oil into the brake oil inlet through the brake oil inlet 9 Oil groove 6, the brake oil in the brake oil inlet oil groove 6 is then injected into each brake oil tangential injection oil channel 11, and the brake oil with kinetic energy flowing out from each brake oil tangential injection oil channel 11 is reversed. After the rotation direction of the expansion axle 4 enters the braking gap, the kinetic energy is converted into the rotational force of the damping mover, thereby damping the rotation of the expansion axle 4, and the brake oil flowing from the brake oil tangentially injected into the oil passage 11 passes through the inner wall of the inner shell 2 The uniformly distributed oil groove 15 on the upper reaches into the axial oil groove 14 of the brake pad which is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the brake pad, and then fills the braking gap between the stator and the mover quickly and evenly through the axial oil groove 14 of the brake pad. With the friction braking between the mover and the stator, the braking process is stable and the braking efficiency is higher under the action of the compound two-stage braking; when braking, the brake oil in the braking gap will flow into the current limiting gap. In the inner cavity 21 of the inner shell 2, the brake oil in the inner cavity 21 enters the oil discharge grooves 7 of each brake oil outlet through the first outlet passages 16, and the brake oil in the oil discharge grooves 7 of each brake oil outlet passes through each outlet channel 16. The second outlet channel 17 and the third outlet channel 20 are collected at the oil discharge port 10, and after a series of processes such as cooling, filtering, and pressure regulation, they return to the brake oil inlet 9 for cyclic operation.

The advantages of the present invention are:

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other form, and any modifications or equivalent changes made according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

The expansion machine combined adjustable oil brake structure is characterized in that: it includes a brake housing composed of an outer shell and an inner shell arranged in the outer shell, and an expansion wheel shaft equipped with an expansion wheel, the shaft ends on both sides of the expansion wheel shaft are respectively It is movably supported in the brake housing through a bearing arranged in the brake housing; a brake oil inlet oil groove and a brake oil outlet oil discharge groove are arranged between the outer casing and the inner casing, and the brake oil inlet oil groove and the brake oil A seal for isolating and sealing the two oil grooves is arranged between the oil outlet oil grooves, and the housing is provided with a brake oil inlet connected to the brake oil inlet oil groove and an oil discharge port connected to the brake oil outlet oil groove, The brake oil outlet oil discharge groove is also communicated with the inner cavity of the inner shell; a brake oil injection oil channel group is arranged in the inner shell, and the brake oil injection oil channel group is composed of a plurality of brake oil channels uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The oil is injected into the oil channel tangentially. One end of each brake oil tangential injection channel is connected to the brake oil inlet oil groove, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the inner shell. The direction of each brake oil tangential injection channel is the same as that of the The oil passage is tangent to the section outer diameter of the expansion axle in the section, and the injection direction of each brake oil tangentially injected into the oil passage is opposite to the rotation direction of the expansion axle; two sets of sleeves are fixed in the inner cavity of the inner shell The brake pad baffles are arranged outside the expansion axle. The two sets of brake pad baffles are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the brake oil injection oil passage group. A number of brake pads are arranged between each set of brake pad baffles and the brake oil injection channel group. There is a braking gap between each brake pad and the expansion axle. On the inner wall of each brake pad There are several axial oil grooves of the brake pads uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and there are several axial oil grooves uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and correspondingly connected to the axial oil grooves of the brake pads and the tangential injection oil channel of the brake oil on the inner wall of the inner shell. of evenly distributed oil sump.
The expander combined adjustable oil brake structure according to claim 1, wherein two brake oil outlet oil discharge grooves are arranged between the outer casing and the inner casing, and the two brake oil outlet oil discharge grooves are located in the brake oil outlet. On the left and right sides of the dynamic oil inlet oil groove, seals are respectively set between the brake oil inlet oil groove and the adjacent brake oil outlet oil groove to isolate and seal the two oil grooves. Each brake oil outlet oil groove The inner cavity of the inner shell is communicated through the first outlet channel provided on the inner shell, and each brake oil outlet oil drain groove is communicated with the oil discharge port through the second outlet channel provided on the outer shell and the third outlet channel on the outer shell.
The expander combined adjustable oil brake structure according to claim 2, wherein the seal is a seal provided between the brake oil inlet oil groove and the adjacent brake oil outlet oil discharge groove to seal the inner shell Sealing ring for the gap with the housing.
The expander combined adjustable oil brake structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the brake pad and the brake pad baffle are detachably mounted on the inner wall of the inner shell through locking screws.
The combined adjustable oil brake structure of the expander according to claim 1, wherein the expansion wheel is detachably fixed on the expansion wheel shaft by means of locking bolts.