WO2022116765A1

WO2022116765A1 - Earphone and mobile terminal

Info

Publication number: WO2022116765A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/128303
Authority: WO
Inventors: 郑勇; 吴融融; 柯有和; 黎娜; 杨和辉
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-12-01
Filing date: 2021-11-03
Publication date: 2022-06-09
Also published as: CN114584881A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an earphone and a mobile terminal. The earphone comprises an earphone body, a sound outlet tube, an ear cup and a porous dielectric material. The sound outlet tube extends from the earphone body to form a housing provided with an integrated structure, and the ear cap surrounds and is sleeved to the outer side wall surface of the sound outlet tube for use in fully clamping the external auditory canal of a user so as to prevent same from falling off. The porous dielectric material is located between the sound outlet tube and the ear cup, and is used for connecting the front cavity of the sound outlet tube and the external environment, helping airflow propagation and sound conduction, and relieving the feeling of occlusion and stethoscope effect when the user wears the earphone, while effectively improving the effect of low-frequency noise reduction, and improving the listening experience.

Description

A headset and mobile terminal

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202011385453.2 and the application name "A headset and a mobile terminal" filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on December 01, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated into this application by reference .

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of electronic equipment, and more particularly, to a headset and a mobile terminal.

Background technique

Headphones, also known as earphones or earpieces, are a pair of conversion units that receive electrical signals from media players or receivers and convert them into audible sound waves using speakers close to the ears. Headphones are generally detachable from the media player.

For the classification of earphones, according to the sound driving method of the transducer used in the earphone, it can be divided into dynamic and electrostatic, piezoelectric, moving iron, pneumatic, electromagnetic and so on. According to the way of wearing, it can be divided into earmuffs, on-ears, in-ears, hanging ears, etc. On the basis of ordinary earphones, in-ear headphones insert the plug of their earplugs into the ear canal, which is closer to the ear drum than ordinary headphones. Has excellent sound insulation. In-ear headphones generally include a headphone body, a headphone output port, and earplugs made of elastic materials such as silicone.

When the user inserts the in-ear earphone into the outer ear, the air between the user's eardrum and the earphone will be compressed, resulting in a heavy pressure on the eardrum, and long-term wearing will have different degrees of discomfort, and the in-ear earphone is enlarged. External vibrations, causing a stethoscope effect, resulting in reduced overall acoustic performance and user comfort.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is to provide an earphone and a mobile terminal, aiming to alleviate or solve the occlusion feeling and the stethoscope effect caused by the user wearing the earphone to a certain extent, and improve the listening experience of the user.

The above-mentioned effects are achieved by the features of the independent claims. Further implementations are embodied in the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an earphone, the earphone includes an earphone body, a sound outlet tube, an earmuff, and a porous medium material. The sound outlet tube extends from the earphone body to form a casing with an integrated structure. The porous medium material surrounds the mouth of the sound outlet pipe. The earmuff is sleeved on the outer side of the porous medium material.

Specifically, the housing can carry multiple components of the earphone, such as speakers, drivers, and the like. The earmuffs are used for fully engaging and contacting with the user's external auditory canal to prevent falling off. The sound outlet tube is located in the ear canal, and outputs the sound generated by the speaker and the driver into the ear canal. The porous medium material is located between the sound outlet tube and the earmuff, and is used to communicate the front cavity and the outside world, which is helpful for air flow and sound conduction, reduces the airtightness of the front cavity, and relieves the user's sense of occlusion when wearing the headset. Stethoscope effect. The front cavity refers to a closed space formed between the user's outer ear, tympanic membrane and the earphone when the user wears the earphone, and the outside refers to the natural environment outside the earphone relative to the front cavity after the user wears the earphone.

In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in a feasible implementation manner, the earmuff includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, and the outer sleeve surrounds the outer side of the inner sleeve and is located away from the earphone with the inner sleeve. One end of the body is combined, and one end close to the earphone body is separated. The porous media material is bonded to the inner side of the inner sleeve.

The material of the earmuffs may be elastic materials such as silica gel, rubber or sponge, so as to ensure that the jacket of the earmuffs can be fully plugged with the ear canal when worn, so as to achieve a good sound insulation effect and prevent the earphones from falling off. At the same time, since one end of the inner sleeve of the earmuff is separated from the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve and the mouth of the sound outlet tube are closely combined, the inner sleeve is not easy to bear the deformation caused by the ear canal pressing the outer sleeve, thereby The porous medium material is also not easily deformed. Therefore, the porous medium material can stably transmit air to the outside world without being affected by the tightness of the user's wearing, which not only achieves a good sound insulation effect but also ensures stable acoustic performance.

With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the porous medium material has a certain air permeability in the axial direction, and the axial air permeability is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah.

It should be understood that the axial direction in embodiments of the present invention is the direction along the central axis of the mouthpiece of the sound outlet. On the basis of satisfying the above-mentioned axial air permeability, the size of the porous media material can be in various forms. When the axial air permeability of the porous media material is greater than or equal to 1.5m ³ /m ² KPah, the air propagation effect is better. , the performance in terms of air permeability is relatively stable.

In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the porous medium material may be a cylindrical structure.

The porous medium material of the cylindrical structure is used to better fit the mouth of the sound tube, so that the air can be stably transmitted to the external environment through the porous medium material. It should be understood that the porous medium material can also be in other shapes suitable for the mouth of the sound outlet pipe, such as oval, circular, and the like.

With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the porous medium material includes a plurality of non-closed split structures, and the plurality of split structures are annularly arranged around the sound outlet, so At least one end of the plurality of split structures is located at the port of the sound outlet pipe.

The multiple split structures are closely surrounding the outer side of the sound outlet tube, the total axial air permeability of the multiple split structures is not less than 1.5m ³ /m ² KPah, and the porous media material of the split structure is used. The material cost can be further reduced, while the scalability of the structural design can be improved. In some examples, other sound guiding devices such as micro-channels may be provided on the outside of the sound outlet tube. In some examples, the split structure can be arranged between the micro-channel and the micro-channel, which saves space in design and better supports the implementation of functions such as the above.

In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the porous medium material has a plurality of air bubbles.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the porous media material may be made of a polymer foam material, the polymer foam material is used to ensure the stable propagation of air flow, in some embodiments, the polymer foam material It can be rubber, elastomer or other natural polymer materials, etc. The polymer foam material has the characteristics of light weight, breathability, sound insulation, etc. The material itself can play a sound insulation effect while ensuring the stable air transmission, and improve the user's listening experience. .

With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the earphone further includes a micro-channel, and the micro-channel is located outside the sound outlet tube. The micro-channel is combined with the inner side of the porous medium material to form a ventilation channel together. The micro channel is located at the front end of the sound outlet tube.

Specifically, some components of the earphone, such as the earphone body, the sound outlet tube, the earmuff, the porous medium material and the sound outlet tube micro-channel, have the same characteristics as the components of the earphone provided by the first aspect of the present invention, and will not be omitted here. Repeat. The difference is that the porous medium material is located outside the micro-channel, and together with the micro-channel constitutes a ventilation passage, and the micro-channel is located at the front end of the sound outlet tube. This implementation method also ensures a better sound insulation effect on the premise of satisfying stable ventilation, and improves the user's listening experience.

The micro channel is located at the front end of the sound outlet tube. The earmuff includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, the outer sleeve surrounds the outer side of the inner sleeve, and is combined with the inner sleeve at one end away from the earphone body, and is separated at an end close to the earphone body. . The porous media material is bonded to the inner side of the inner sleeve.

The material of the earmuffs can be elastic materials such as silicone, rubber or sponge, so as to ensure that the outer shell of the earmuffs can be fully plugged with the ear canal when worn, so as to achieve a good sound insulation effect and prevent the earphones from falling off. Since the inner sleeve is not easily deformed according to the ear canal, the ventilation path formed by the porous medium material and the micro-channel can stably spread the air to the outside, so that the earphone is not affected by the tightness of the wearing, and always maintains a stable and consistent The amount of air transmission not only achieves good sound insulation effect but also ensures stable acoustic performance.

With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the total air permeability of the porous media material and the microchannels in the axial direction is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² Kpah. When the total air permeability of the air permeability path formed by the porous medium material and the microchannels is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah, the air transmission effect is better, and the air permeability is relatively stable.

In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the porous medium material is a cylindrical structure.

The porous medium material of the cylindrical structure is used to better fit the mouth of the sound tube, so that the air can be stably transmitted to the external environment through the porous medium material. It should be understood that the porous medium material can also be in other shapes suitable for the mouth of the sound outlet pipe, and those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs.

In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the porous medium material is made of a polymer foam material and has a plurality of air cells inside.

Specifically, the porous medium material is used to ensure the stable propagation of air flow, and the polymer foam material can be rubber, elastomer or other natural polymer materials. The material itself can play a sound insulation effect while ensuring the stable transmission of the air, improving the user's listening experience.

In combination with the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the total cross-sectional area of the ventilation passage is greater than or equal to 3.5 mm ² , the length of the micro channel is greater than or equal to 3 mm, and the length of the micro channel is greater than or equal to 3 mm. The air permeability is greater than or equal to 1.5m ³ /m ² KPah.

When the axial air permeability of the micro-channel is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah, the air transmission effect is better, and the performance in terms of air permeability is relatively stable.

With reference to the first aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the number of the micro-channel is at least one. The cross-sectional shape of the micro-channel is arc-shaped.

The number of micro-channels can be determined according to actual design requirements, and the specific opening positions can have various forms on the basis of satisfying technical effects and aesthetics, and those skilled in the art can choose according to actual conditions. Opening multiple microchannels can help improve the scalability of the mechanism design. The cross-sectional shape of the micro-channel can also be other shapes that meet the above air propagation requirements, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an earphone, which includes an earphone body, a sound outlet tube, an earmuff, and a micro-channel. The sound outlet tube extends from the earphone body to form a casing with an integrated structure. The earmuff is sleeved on the sound outlet tube. The micro-channel is located on the outer side of the sound outlet tube, and the micro-channel and the earmuff form a ventilation passage.

The ventilation passage connects the front cavity and the outside world, which is helpful for air flow transmission and sound conduction, reduces the airtightness of the front cavity, and relieves the discomfort and stethoscope effect of wearing by the user. At the same time, opening micro-channels is easier to implement without adding materials, which is more beneficial in terms of yield and cost control.

In combination with the second aspect of the present invention, in a feasible implementation manner, the earmuff includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, the outer sleeve surrounds the outer side of the inner sleeve, and is separated from the inner sleeve at a distance from the earphone. One end of the body is combined, and one end close to the earphone body is separated. The micro-channel is combined with the inner side of the inner sleeve to form a ventilation passage together.

The features of the outer jacket and the inner jacket are the same as those of the outer jacket and the inner jacket provided in the first aspect, and are not repeated here. Since one end of the inner sleeve of the earmuff is separated from the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve is tightly combined with the mouth of the sound outlet tube, the inner sleeve cannot easily bear the deformation caused by the ear canal pressing the outer sleeve, so the The ventilation channel can stably spread the air to the outside world without being affected by the tightness of the user when wearing the earphone. The micro-channel of the sound outlet tube always maintains a stable and consistent amount of air transmission, which not only achieves a good sound insulation effect but also ensures stable acoustic performance.

In combination with the second aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the total cross-sectional area of the ventilation passage is not less than 3.5 mm ² , the length of the micro channel is greater than or equal to 3 mm, and the micro channel is in the The axial air permeability of the sound outlet pipe is not less than 1.5m ³ /m ² KPah.

When the air permeability of the micro-channel is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah, the air transmission effect is better, and the performance in terms of air permeability is relatively stable.

With reference to the second aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the number of the micro-channel is at least one.

Specifically, the number of micro-channels can be determined according to actual design requirements, and the specific opening positions can have various forms on the basis of satisfying technical effects and aesthetics, and those skilled in the art can choose according to actual conditions. Opening multiple micro-channels helps to improve the scalability of structural design.

With reference to the second aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the cross-sectional shape of the micro-channel is an arc shape.

The cross-sectional shape of the micro-channel can also be other shapes that meet the above air propagation requirements, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an earphone, the earphone includes an earphone body, a sound outlet tube, an earmuff, and a ventilation module; the sound outlet tube extends from the earphone body to form an integrated structure. a shell; the ventilation module is located between the inner side of the earmuff and the mouth of the sound outlet pipe, and is used for connecting the front cavity of the sound outlet pipe with the external environment.

Part of the components of the earphone, such as the earphone body, the sound outlet tube, and the earmuffs, have the same characteristics as the components of the earphone provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and will not be repeated here. The ventilating module may have various forms. For example, the ventilating module may be the porous media material provided in the first aspect of the present invention, or a passage formed by the porous media material and the microchannel, or the ventilating module provided by the second aspect of the present invention. Microchannels, or other forms. The ventilation module is used to ensure the stable propagation of the air flow, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the earphone.

With reference to the third aspect of the present invention, in a feasible implementation manner, the air permeability of the ventilation module in the axial direction of the sound outlet pipe is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah. It should be understood that the axial direction in embodiments of the present invention is the direction along the central axis of the mouthpiece of the sound outlet. On the basis of satisfying the above-mentioned axial air permeability, the ventilation module can have various forms. When the axial air permeability of the ventilation module is greater than or equal to 1.5m ³ /m ² KPah, the air transmission effect is better, and the air permeability performance is relatively stable.

With reference to the third aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the ventilation module includes a plurality of non-closed sub-modules, and the sub-modules are used to communicate with the front cavity of the sound outlet pipe and the external environment.

The use of the above-mentioned multiple sub-modules can further reduce the material cost of the module and improve the scalability of the structural design. In some examples, the non-closed sub-modules can be arranged between the micro-channels and the micro-channels, which saves space in design and better supports the realization of functions such as the above.

With reference to the third aspect of the present invention, in another feasible implementation manner, the total air flow of the sub-module along the sound outlet pipe is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah. On the basis of satisfying the above-mentioned axial air permeability, the plurality of sub-modules may have various forms. When the axial air permeability of the air permeability module is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah, the air transmission effect is better, The performance in terms of air permeability is relatively stable.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal includes a display screen, a processor, a communication module or an interface; the communication module or the interface is used for the earphone connection according to any one of the above implementation manners.

Specifically, the mobile terminal may be a common communicable mobile terminal such as a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a mobile phone, and a smart wearable device. The mobile terminal body and the headset can be connected by wireless communication, such as Bluetooth. When the earphone adopts the above structure, the environment in the ear canal can be communicated with the environment outside the ear canal through the sound guide channel provided in the casing, so that the sound pressure in the ear canal can be exposed or discharged to the surrounding environment outside the earphone. Reduce the pressure in the ear canal and improve the user's listening experience.

Description of drawings

In order to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments or the background technology of the present application will be described below.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an earphone provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional schematic diagram of an earphone provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an earphone provided by an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of an earphone provided by another embodiment of the present application;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of an earphone provided by another embodiment of the present application;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of an earphone provided by another embodiment of the present application;

7 is a positional relationship diagram of an in-ear earphone and a semi-in-ear earphone provided by an embodiment of the present application and a reference point of the eardrum;

8 is a schematic diagram of a frequency response variation curve of an in-ear earphone provided by an embodiment of the present application;

9 is a schematic diagram of a frequency response variation curve of a semi-in-ear earphone provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a noise reduction architecture of a hybrid earphone of an earphone provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an earphone provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Stethoscope effect: The stethoscope effect is common in wired in-ear headphones, that is, the earplug wire or unit is subjected to external collision or air friction, and the vibration generated is directly transmitted to the ear through the earplug wire (the wire in the ear generally has a higher hardness, which is conducive to conducting vibration) to the ear. Inside the road, an unpleasant rubbing sound was produced.

In-ear headphones: In-ear headphones, also known as ear canal headphones, in-ear earplugs, or in-ear monitors (that is, the full English name of IEM: In-Ear-Monitor), are earphones used inside the human hearing organ. In some designs of in-ear headphones, the in-ear headphones close the user's ear canal when in use. On the basis of ordinary headphones, in-ear headphones are inserted into the ear canal with a rubber plug to obtain better airtightness. It reduces the interference of external noise on music, reduces sound leakage, and greatly increases the performance of the headphones.

Secondary path: The transfer function of the secondary path (English: Second Path, SP for short) refers to the transfer function between the feedback microphone and the speaker.

An aspect of the present invention provides an earphone structure. As shown in FIG. 1 , the earphone 300 includes an earphone body 311 , a sound outlet tube 313 , an earmuff 312 and a porous medium material 314 . The sound outlet tube 313 extends from the earphone body 311. In one example, the sound outlet tube 313 and the earphone body 311 adopt an integrated structure. The housing structure can carry multiple components of the earphone, such as speakers, drivers, and the like. The housing may be made of a non-compliant or rigid material, such as plastic. The housing structure may also extend out of the tube structure for containing the cables. In one example, the cable includes wires extending from the powered sound source to the speaker, the wires carrying the audio signal generated by the driver.

The sound outlet tube 313 and the earphone body 311 can form the earphone shell 310 , and the earmuff 312 is sleeved around the outer side wall of the sound outlet tube 313 for fully engaging with the user's ear canal to prevent falling off. When the user uses the earphone, the sound outlet tube 313 is located in the user's ear canal, and outputs the sound generated by the speaker and the driver to the user's ear canal. The orifice of the sound outlet tube 313 may have a size and shape suitable for achieving the desired acoustic performance of the earphone 300, eg, oval, circular, and the like.

There is a porous medium material 314 between the earmuff 312 and the sound outlet tube 313 . In one example, the porous dielectric material 314 is combined with the outer sidewall surface of the sound outlet tube 313 . In one example, the porous media material 314 is located at the mouth of the sound outlet tube 313 . In one example, the outer surface of the porous medium material 314 is combined with the earmuff 312 , and the inner surface of the porous medium material 314 is combined with the outer sidewall surface of the sound outlet pipe 313 . The porous medium material 314 can be used to connect the front cavity and the external environment, which is helpful for airflow propagation and sound conduction, thereby reducing the airtightness of the front cavity, and alleviating the occlusion feeling and stethoscope effect caused by the user wearing the earphone. The front cavity mentioned above refers to the closed space formed between the user's outer ear, the eardrum and the earphone. The external environment refers to the natural environment of the earphone relative to the front cavity after the user wears the earphone.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the earmuff 312 may be a closed annular structure, and the structure of the earmuff 312 is related to the shape of the sound outlet tube 313 . In some examples, the earmuffs 312 may be made of silicone, sponge, or the like. The earmuff 312 includes an outer sleeve 3121 and an inner sleeve 3122, and FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the earphone provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , the outer sleeve 3121 surrounds the outer side of the inner sleeve 3122 . The outer sleeve 3121 and the inner sleeve 3122 are combined with each other at one end away from the earphone body 311 , namely the right end in FIG. 2 , and separated at one end near the earphone body 311 . In an implementation manner, the material of the earmuff 312 is an elastic material. In some examples, the earmuffs 312 may be made of elastic materials such as silicone, rubber, or sponge. The above-mentioned structure and material of the earmuff 312 can effectively ensure that when the user wears it, the outer jacket 3121 can be fully plugged with the external auditory canal, so as to achieve a good sound insulation effect and prevent the earphone from falling off. At the same time, since one end of the inner sleeve of the earmuff is separated from the outer sleeve, the inner sleeve cannot easily bear the deformation caused by the ear canal pressing the outer sleeve, so that the porous medium material is not easily deformed. Therefore, the porous medium material can stably spread the air to the outside without being affected by the tightness of the user's wearing. It not only achieves good sound insulation effect but also ensures stable acoustic performance. In addition, it also ensures the user's perception of sound from the outside world, which helps reduce safety risks caused by lack of sound perception during outdoor commuting or sports.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an earphone provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the outer sleeve 3121 surrounds the outer side of the inner sleeve 3122 . The outer sleeve 3121 and the inner sleeve 3122 are combined with each other at one end away from the earphone body 311 , that is, the upper end of the first sub-picture in FIG. 3 , and separated at one end near the earphone body 311 . In an implementation manner, the material of the earmuff 312 is an elastic material. In some examples, the earmuffs 312 may be elastic materials such as silicone, rubber, or sponge. The above-mentioned structure and material of the earmuff 312 can effectively ensure that when the user wears it, the outer jacket 3121 can be fully plugged with the external auditory canal, so as to achieve a good sound insulation effect and prevent the earphone from falling off. At the same time, since one end of the inner sleeve of the earmuff is separated from the outer sleeve, the inner sleeve cannot easily bear the deformation caused by the ear canal pressing the outer sleeve, so that the porous medium material is not easily deformed. Therefore, the porous medium material can stably spread the air to the outside without being affected by the tightness of the user's wearing. It not only achieves good sound insulation effect but also ensures stable acoustic performance. In addition, it also ensures the user's perception of sound from the outside world, which helps reduce safety risks caused by lack of sound perception during outdoor commuting or sports.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the porous media material 314 has a certain air permeability in the axial direction, and the air permeability is not lower than 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah. On the basis of satisfying the above-mentioned air permeability, the size of the porous media material 314 may have various forms. It should be understood that the axial direction in the embodiment of the present invention is the direction along the central axis of the mouth of the sound outlet.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the porous media material 314 may also take various forms. In some examples, the porous media material 314 may be a cylindrical structure or other surrounding structure with irregular edges. It can be understood that the shape of the porous medium material 314 is used to better fit and fit the mouth of the sound outlet tube 313 , so that air can be stably propagated to the external environment through the porous medium material 314 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the surrounding form of the porous medium material 314 can also be in various ways. In some examples, the porous medium material 314 can be a non-closed multiple split structure, and FIG. 4 shows another Schematic diagram of the structure of the headset. As shown in FIG. 4 , the porous medium material 314 adopts the structure design of two parts with axisymmetric structure. It can be understood that the number and shape of the parts and the size between the parts can be in various ways. In some examples, the porous media materials 314 of the split structure are arranged symmetrically around the sound outlet tube 313, and may also be arranged asymmetrically. Wherein, at least one end of the porous medium material 314 of the split structure is located at the port, and the total axial air permeability of the plurality of split porous medium materials 314 is not less than 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah. In some examples, on the premise of satisfying the above-mentioned axial air permeability, the spacing between the separate structures of the porous media material 314 may also take various forms. The splits are separated at the front end and combined into a whole at the back end. The use of split-structured porous dielectric materials can further reduce material costs and improve the scalability of structural design. The body structure can better support the implementation of the above function expansion.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the porous media material 314 is made of a polymer foam material, such as rubber, an elastomer or a natural polymer material. Porous dielectric material 314 has a plurality of air bubbles. The porous media material can be used to connect the front cavity and the outside world to realize the functions of airflow transmission and sound conduction. The front cavity refers to the closed space formed between the user's outer ear, the eardrum and the earphone, and the outside refers to the natural environment of the earphone relative to the front cavity after the user wears the earphone. The polymer foam material has the characteristics of light weight, breathability and sound insulation. The material itself can play a sound insulation effect while ensuring the stable air transmission, and improve the user's listening experience.

In another embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 5 , the present invention provides another earphone structure. In this schematic structural diagram, the functions and connection manners of the components included in the earphone 300 are the same as the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, and are not repeated here. The main difference between the embodiment in FIG. 5 and the above-mentioned embodiment is that the porous medium material 314 can be replaced with a sound outlet tube micro-channel 315 .

Specifically, in one example, a micro-channel 315 is provided on the outer sidewall surface of the sound outlet tube 313 . The sound outlet tube micro-channel 315 and the sound outlet tube 313 may adopt an integral structure. The micro-channel 315 of the sound outlet tube and the inner side surface of the inner sleeve 3122 of the earmuff 312 constitute a ventilation passage. The ventilation passage 315 is used to communicate the front cavity and the outside world, which is helpful for air flow propagation and sound conduction, reduces the airtightness of the front cavity, and relieves the discomfort of wearing by the user and the effect of a stethoscope.

Specifically, in one example, the earmuff 312 may include an outer sleeve 3121 and an inner sleeve 3122, and the features of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are the same as those of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve provided in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. . The sound tube micro channel 315 is opened on the inner side of the inner sleeve 3122. Since the inner sleeve 3122 is not easy to bear the deformation caused by the ear canal extruding the outer sleeve, therefore, the air passage formed by the inner sleeve 3122 and the micro channel is formed. It is also not easily deformed, thus ensuring stable acoustic performance. In addition, opening micro-channels is easier to implement without adding additional materials, which is more beneficial in yield and cost control.

In some examples, the earphone can include at least one microchannel 315 . For example, only one micro-channel 315 may be provided, or a plurality of micro-channels 315 may be provided. The spacing, size and shape of the plurality of micro-channels 315 can be the same or different. In some examples, the total cross-sectional area formed by one or more micro-channels 315 is not less than 3.5 mm ² , the length of the micro-channels 315 is not less than 3 mm, and the air permeability of the micro-channels is not less than 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah. When the air permeability of the micro-channel is greater than or equal to 1.5 m ³ /m ² KPah, the air transmission effect is better, and the performance in terms of air permeability is relatively stable.

In some embodiments, further, the cross-sectional shape of the one or more microchannels 315 may have various forms. For example, the cross-sectional shape may be a circular arc or a polygon, and the selection of the shape should meet the requirements of the above-mentioned air permeability and size.

In some examples, the opening form of the micro-channel 315 may have various forms. For example, in the case of including a plurality of micro-channels, an independent through-channel structure may be adopted, or a plurality of micro-channels may be combined into a one. The total cross-sectional area formed by one or more micro-channels 315 is greater than or equal to 3.5 mm ² , and the length of the micro-channels 315 is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

In an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the present invention provides another earphone structure. In this structural schematic diagram, the characteristics and connection methods of the components included in the earphone 300 are the same as the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention. , and will not be repeated here. The main difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiments is that the earphone 300 includes a porous medium material 314 and a sound outlet tube micro-channel 315 at the same time.

Specifically, in one example, the porous medium material 314 is located outside the micro-channels 315, and together with the micro-channels constitutes a ventilation passage. In some embodiments of the present invention, the micro-channel is located at the front end of the sound outlet tube, and the length of the micro-channel 315 may be less than 3 mm. The above-mentioned embodiments also ensure an excellent sound insulation effect under the premise of satisfying stable ventilation. Improve the user's listening experience.

In order to more clearly understand the technical effect of the present invention in the field of low-frequency noise reduction, another aspect of the present invention provides a method for an earphone to detect the stability of a secondary path response. In the method, the earphone 300 has the aforementioned embodiment. All the features of the described earphone 300 will not be repeated here. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7 , in this method, an observation point is set at the eardrum reference point 111 first, and the acoustic performance of the earphone is detected by drawing a frequency response curve of the observation point. Specifically, by adjusting the insertion position of the earphone in the ear canal, the tightness between the earphone and the ear canal is changed, and this is used as a variable to observe the change of the frequency response curve at the reference point of the eardrum.

In order to better understand the detection scheme, the frequency response is introduced here. The frequency response is that when an audio signal output at a constant voltage is connected to the system, the sound pressure generated by the speaker increases or decreases with the change of frequency. The phenomenon that the phase changes with frequency, and the correlation between the sound pressure and the phase and the frequency is called the frequency response. The frequency response curve can describe the frequency response characteristics of the earphone system. Figure 8 shows the frequency response curve change diagram of the in-ear earphone proposed by the present invention, wherein each curve represents a certain degree of tightness of the in-ear earphone in the ear canal. Secondary pathway response at the tympanic membrane reference site. When the way the user wears the earphones changes, the load on the earplugs from the external auditory canal will change accordingly, and the amount of air transmission from the front cavity to the outside world will change, resulting in disturbances in the response of the secondary path at the eardrum position, which will affect the earphones. Frequency response stability during operation. In the same situation as FIG. 8 , FIG. 9 shows a change diagram of the frequency response curve of a semi-in-ear earphone. Comparing Figure 8 and Figure 9, it can be seen that in the low frequency range, that is, in the range of 1-1000Hz on the abscissa of Figure 8 and Figure 9, the frequency response of the in-ear headphones in different wearing states is significantly larger than that of the semi-in-ear headphones. The frequency response of the earphones has a small variation. When a stable and breathable medium is added inside the earphones, the response of the secondary path in the low frequency range is greatly improved under the changing wearing methods. The five frequency response curves shown in Figure 8 are almost in the The intervals overlap. It can be seen from the above embodiments that with the in-ear headphone structure disclosed in the present invention, the low-frequency secondary path response at the user's eardrum reference point is very little affected by the wearing method, ensuring stable low-frequency acoustic performance.

It can be seen from the results detected by this method that the earphone structure provided by the embodiment of the present application can greatly alleviate the influence of the wearing mode on the low-frequency response of the secondary path. The controllable airflow leakage between the ear canal and the outside world is realized, which effectively improves the stability of the secondary path response, thereby improving the stethoscope effect, improving the noise reduction performance and sound quality experience.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a system architecture of a hybrid noise-cancelling headphone. As shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an in-ear headphone system according to an embodiment of the present application. The system architecture includes: a feedforward microphone 101 (Feedforward Mic, referred to as FF Mic), the analog-to-digital conversion module 102, the feedforward controller 104, the feedback controller 105, the speaker 108, the secondary sound field 109, the noise reduction microphone 110, and the ear canal eardrum reference point 111. Specifically, the system includes two modules of feedforward noise reduction and feedback noise reduction.

Specifically, the working mode of the feed-forward noise reduction module is that the feed-forward microphone 101 picks up the external environmental noise, and after the analog-to-digital conversion module 102, transmits the digital signal of the environmental noise to the feed-forward controller 104, and passes through the feed-forward controller 104. 104 generates a corresponding control signal after processing, and then converts the control signal into a sound signal through the digital-to-analog conversion module 107, and outputs the secondary sound field 109 generated by the sound signal through the speaker 108, and the sound generated by the secondary sound field 109 enters the ear. The tympanic membrane reference point 111.

The advantage of feedforward active noise control is that the microphone receives pure noise and does not receive the sound from the receiver, so the feedforward noise reduction module is an open-loop system that will not cause any closed-loop oscillation and howling, so Headphones using a feedforward noise reduction module can independently debug the circuit to achieve the best noise reduction effect. However, the noise passes through the speaker 108 and is reflected multiple times in the speaker 108, and its magnitude and phase have changed. Therefore, the noise collected from the feedforward microphone 101 is very different from the noise in the speaker 108, and the external noise is very different. The directionality is very strong, and it is difficult to use the same circuit to meet the noise reduction requirements of noise from different directions. Since the final user's radio terminal is at the eardrum reference point 111 of the ear canal, in order to solve the interference of the secondary sound field 109 whose phase and magnitude have changed in the speaker 108, a feedback noise reduction module is introduced. Specifically, the feedback noise reduction module includes the mechanism of the above-mentioned feedforward noise reduction module, and further includes a feedback noise reduction microphone 110. The feedback noise reduction microphone 110 (Feedback Mic, FB Mic for short) only receives the feedback microphone 110 The noise at the speaker 108 and the secondary sound field emitted by the speaker 108 are adjusted by the feedback controller 105 to reduce the noise. The hybrid noise-cancelling headphone system cooperates with two noise-reduction modules, feedforward and feedback, and their respective functions are complemented, so that the response of the secondary sound field emitted by the feedback microphone and the response of 111 at the user's eardrum reference point satisfy a linear correlation . The feedback noise reduction module is a closed-loop system. When the gain of the amplifier is increased to a certain level, the system will have unstable problems such as high-frequency whistling or low-frequency oscillation. In order to maintain the stability of the system, the residual tympanic membrane reference point 111 is linearly correlated. The frequency response of the stage sound field 109 must be as stable as possible.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the frequency response of the secondary sound field is closely related to the fluctuation of the airflow leakage. The earphone structure proposed by the present invention can stably leak the air flow from the front cavity to the external environment, which obviously reduces the fluctuation caused by the air flow leakage, thereby effectively improving the frequency response stability of the secondary sound field.

Another aspect of the present invention also provides a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal includes a display screen, a processor, a communication module, an interface, and the headset described in any of the foregoing embodiments. Specifically, the mobile terminal may be a common communicable mobile terminal such as a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a mobile phone, and a smart wearable device.

Wherein, the mobile terminal body and the headset may be connected by wireless communication, such as Bluetooth. A wired communication connection is also possible through a wired interface. When the earphone adopts the above structure, the environment in the ear canal can be communicated with the environment outside the ear canal through the sound guide channel provided in the casing, so that the sound pressure in the ear canal can be exposed or discharged to the surrounding environment outside the earphone. Reduce the pressure in the ear canal and improve the user's listening experience.

According to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the application scenarios of the earphones provided by the embodiments of the present invention are introduced here. As shown in FIG. 11 , the dotted line represents the mechanism that is blocked by the entity. Ear canal 206 . The concha 202 is the fleshy part of the outer ear protruding from the side of the user's head, and the concha 204 is the part of the curved front cavity where the concha 202 leads to the ear canal 206 . When the earphone provided by the embodiment of the present invention is worn, the earphone body stays in the concha 204 of the ear 200, the sound outlet tube 313 of the earphone and the earplug part 312 are placed in the ear canal 206 by the user's push, and the earplugs 312 are tightly plugged In the ear canal 206, the external noise is better isolated, and a quiet listening atmosphere is created for the user.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

An earphone, characterized in that the earphone comprises an earphone body, a sound outlet tube, an earmuff, and a porous medium material;

The sound outlet tube extends from the earphone body to form a casing with an integrated structure;

the porous medium material surrounds the mouth of the sound outlet pipe;

The earmuff is sleeved on the outer side of the porous medium material.
The earphone according to claim 1, wherein the earmuff comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, the outer sleeve surrounds the outer side of the inner sleeve and is connected with the inner sleeve at an end away from the earphone body are combined at one end and separated at one end close to the earphone body;

The porous media material is bonded to the inner side of the inner sleeve.
The earphone according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air permeability of the porous medium material in the axial direction of the sound outlet pipe is greater than or equal to 1.5 m 3 /m 2 KPah.
The earphone according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the porous medium material has a cylindrical structure.
The earphone according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the porous medium material comprises a plurality of non-closed split structures, and the plurality of split structures are annularly arranged around the sound outlet, so At least one end of the plurality of split structures is located at the port of the sound outlet pipe.
The earphone according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the porous medium material has a plurality of air bubbles.
The earphone according to any one of claims 1 or 2 or 4-6, wherein the earphone further comprises a micro-channel, and the micro-channel is located outside the sound outlet pipe;

The micro-channel is combined with the inner side of the porous medium material to form a ventilation passage together;

The micro channel is located at the front end of the sound outlet tube.
The earphone according to claim 7, wherein the total air permeability of the porous medium material and the micro-channel along the axial direction of the sound outlet pipe is greater than or equal to 1.5 m 3 /m 2 KPah.
The earphone according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the total cross-sectional area of the micro-channel is greater than or equal to 3.5 mm 2 , and the length of the micro-channel is greater than or equal to 3 mm.
The earphone according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein the number of the micro-channel is at least one, and the cross-sectional shape of the micro-channel is a circular arc.
An earphone is characterized by comprising an earphone body, a sound outlet tube, earmuffs, and a micro-channel;

The sound outlet tube extends from the earphone body to form a casing with an integrated structure;

The earmuff is sleeved on the sound outlet pipe;

The micro-channel is located on the outer side of the sound outlet tube, and the micro-channel and the earmuff form a ventilation passage.
The earphone according to claim 11, wherein the earmuff comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, the outer sleeve surrounds the outer side of the inner sleeve, and is connected with the inner sleeve at an end away from the earphone body are combined at one end and separated at one end close to the earphone body;

The micro channel is combined with the inner side of the inner sleeve to form a ventilation passage together.
The earphone according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the air volume of the micro-channel in the axial direction of the sound outlet tube is greater than or equal to 1.5 m 3 /m 2 KPah.
The earphone according to any one of claims 11-13, wherein the total cross-sectional area of the ventilation passage is greater than or equal to 3.5 mm 2 , and the length of the micro-channel is greater than or equal to 3 mm.
The earphone according to any one of claims 11-14, wherein the number of the micro-channel is at least one.
The earphone according to any one of claims 11-15, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the micro-channel is an arc shape.
An earphone is characterized in that it comprises an earphone body, a sound outlet tube, earmuffs, and a ventilation module; the sound outlet tube extends from the earphone body to form a casing with an integrated structure; the ventilation module is located in the The inner side of the earmuff and the pipe body of the sound outlet pipe are used to communicate with the front cavity of the sound outlet pipe and the external environment.
The earphone according to claim 17, wherein the earmuff comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, the outer sleeve is used for engaging with the user's ear canal; the inner side of the inner sleeve is combined with the ventilation module.
The earphone according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the air permeability of the air permeability module in the axial direction of the sound outlet pipe is greater than or equal to 1.5 m 3 /m 2 KPah.
The earphone according to any one of claims 17-19, wherein the ventilation module includes a plurality of sub-modules, and the plurality of sub-modules are used to communicate the front cavity of the sound outlet tube and the external environment.
The earphone according to claim 20, wherein the total air permeability of the plurality of sub-modules in the direction of the sound outlet pipe is greater than or equal to 1.5 m 3 /m 2 KPah.
A mobile terminal, characterized in that the mobile terminal comprises a display screen, a processor, a communication module or an interface; the communication module or the interface is used for connecting with the headset according to any one of claims 1-21 connect.