WO2022116700A1 - 车体及胶轮列车 - Google Patents

车体及胶轮列车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022116700A1
WO2022116700A1 PCT/CN2021/123696 CN2021123696W WO2022116700A1 WO 2022116700 A1 WO2022116700 A1 WO 2022116700A1 CN 2021123696 W CN2021123696 W CN 2021123696W WO 2022116700 A1 WO2022116700 A1 WO 2022116700A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drawbar
vehicle body
train
seat
traction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/123696
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董静
张晓珍
王媛媛
刘英博
欧士玺
姜琨久
Original Assignee
中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司
Publication of WO2022116700A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022116700A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D31/00—Superstructures for passenger vehicles
    • B62D31/02—Superstructures for passenger vehicles for carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/48—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by the mounting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D47/00—Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers
    • B62D47/02—Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers for large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus
    • B62D47/025—Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers for large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus articulated buses with interconnecting passageway, e.g. bellows
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the manufacturing technology of rubber-tired trains, and in particular, to a car body and a rubber-tired train.
  • articulated trains such as traditional low-floor trolleybuses, urban BRT trains, etc.
  • An articulated train is a wheeled train composed of two or more carriages connected together by a hinge device. The articulated train changes its forward direction by the guidance of the hinge device between the carriages.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle body and a rubber-wheeled train, which are mainly used to solve the problems of uneven distribution of braking force and stress concentration on the end wall of the vehicle body in the related art.
  • a vehicle body comprising:
  • the oppositely arranged bottom frame and top plate connect the vehicle body side wall and the vehicle body end wall of the bottom frame and the top plate, wherein the vehicle body end wall includes: two vehicle end outer beams and a vehicle end inner beam, In the body width direction, the inner side beam of the vehicle end is located between the two outer side beams of the vehicle end;
  • a first vehicle body drawbar seat is provided on each of the vehicle end outer beams, and the first vehicle body drawbar seat is perpendicular to the vehicle body end wall;
  • Two second vehicle body tow bar seats are arranged on the inner side beam of the vehicle end, and the second vehicle body tow bar seats are arranged obliquely away from the adjacent first vehicle body tow bar seats.
  • a rubber-tired train comprising a plurality of carriages connected end to end, the carriage bodies of the carriages adopt the above-mentioned car bodies, and two adjacent car bodies connected by trailer bogies
  • the vehicle body includes a bottom frame and a top plate arranged oppositely, a vehicle body side wall and a vehicle body end wall connecting the bottom frame and the top plate, wherein the vehicle body end wall includes: two The vehicle end outer beam and the vehicle end inner beam, in the width direction of the vehicle body, the vehicle end inner beam is located between the two vehicle end outer beams; each vehicle end outer beam is provided with a first vehicle body drawbar seat, The first car body drawbar seat is perpendicular to the car body end wall; two second car body drawbar seats are arranged on the inner beam of the car end, and the second car body drawbar seat is away from the adjacent first car body drawbar seat Tilt setting.
  • the vehicle body end wall of the embodiment of the present application simultaneously connects two first traction assemblies and two second traction assemblies to jointly transmit the tractive force and braking force between the trailer bogie and the vehicle body, thereby reducing the load on each traction assembly At the same time, the traction and braking force are evenly distributed to the entire body end wall to avoid stress concentration.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a vehicle body provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first vehicle body drawbar seat provided by an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first vehicle body drawbar seat from a second perspective provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 shows an exploded view of the first vehicle body drawbar seat provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the second vehicle body drawbar seat provided in an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the second vehicle body drawbar seat provided in an embodiment of the present application from a second viewing angle
  • Figure 7 shows an exploded view of the second vehicle body drawbar seat provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the trailer bogie and the vehicle body provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a trailer traction device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic front view structure of a first drawbar provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 11 shows a schematic partial structure diagram of a first drawbar provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic top view of the structure of the first drawbar provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • This embodiment provides a car body, which is applied to a rubber-wheeled low-floor train, and includes a bottom frame and a top plate that are arranged opposite to each other, and a car body side wall and a car body end wall connecting the bottom frame and the top plate, wherein the above-mentioned car body It may be a motor car body or an intermediate car body.
  • this embodiment takes the connection structure of the motor car body and the trailer bogie as an example for description. It is clear to those skilled in the art that the connection structure between the intermediate car body and the trailer bogie is exactly the same as the connection structure between the motor car body and the trailer bogie, which will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • the car body end wall is used to connect the trailer traction device on the trailer bogie, so as to transmit the traction or braking force between the trailer bogie and the motor car body, and adapt to the relative movement in all directions between the two adjacent car bodies.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic partial structure diagram of a motor vehicle body provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 shows a first view of the drawbar seat of the first vehicle body provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Schematic diagram of the structure
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first vehicle body drawbar seat provided by an embodiment of the present application from a second viewing angle
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the first vehicle body provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second vehicle body drawbar seat provided by an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective
  • Fig. 6 shows the application A schematic structural diagram of the second vehicle body drawbar seat provided in an embodiment from a second viewing angle
  • FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the second vehicle body drawbar seat provided by an embodiment of the present application; please refer to FIG. 1-7.
  • the vehicle body end wall of this embodiment includes: two vehicle end outer side beams 1151 and vehicle end inner side beams 1152 , and the vehicle end inner side beam 1152 is located between the two vehicle end outer side beams 1151 in the width direction of the vehicle body.
  • a first vehicle body tow bar seat 1153 is provided on each of the vehicle-end outer side beams 1151
  • two second vehicle body tow bar seats 1154 are provided on the vehicle-end inner side beam 1152 .
  • the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 is perpendicular to the plane where the vehicle body end wall is located.
  • the first traction rod seat 1153 of the first vehicle body can be vertically connected to one end of the first traction assembly 461 . After the connection, the two first traction assemblies 461 are parallel to each other and are consistent with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.
  • the two second vehicle body drawbar seats 1154 are located between the two first vehicle body drawbar seats 1153 , and the second vehicle body drawbar seats 1154 are disposed obliquely away from the adjacent first vehicle body drawbar seats 1153 .
  • the two second traction rod seats 1154 are inclined relative to each other, so that the second traction assemblies 462 connected therewith are also inclined.
  • the end wall can be connected with the two first traction assemblies 461 and the two second traction assemblies 462 at the same time to jointly transmit the tractive force and braking force between the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body, reducing the number of traction elements on each traction assembly. load, and at the same time distribute the traction and braking force equally over the entire body end wall to avoid stress concentration.
  • the height of the two first vehicle body drawbar seats 1153 can be kept the same as the height of the wheel center, so as to reduce the loss of traction force and braking force transmission, and also reduce the wheel weight reduction rate;
  • the two second body drawbar seats 1154 can ensure smooth transmission of traction force and braking force when the vehicle passes through small curves, and improve transmission efficiency.
  • the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 in this embodiment includes a first main body 11531 and two first connecting parts 11532 , and the two first connecting parts 11532 are respectively disposed on the first main body At both ends of the 11531 , the side of the first connecting portion 11532 away from the first main body 11531 is provided with a first connecting hole, and the first connecting hole is used for connecting with the first pulling rod node 4612 on the first pulling assembly 461 .
  • the first connection hole may be a threaded hole
  • the first drawbar node 4612 is provided with a corresponding connection through hole
  • the fastener passes through the through hole and then is fixed in the threaded hole to securely connect the two.
  • the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154 includes a second main body 11541 and two second connecting parts 11542 , and the two second connecting parts 11542 are respectively disposed at both ends of the second main body 11541 , the second The side of the connecting portion 11542 facing away from the second main body 11541 is provided with a second connecting hole, and the second connecting hole is used for connecting with the second pulling rod node 4622 on the second pulling assembly 462 .
  • the second connection hole may be a threaded hole
  • the second drawbar node 4622 is provided with a corresponding connection through hole, and the fastener passes through the through hole and then is fixed in the threaded hole to securely connect the two.
  • the vehicle end lateral beam 1151 in this embodiment further includes a first mounting beam, two first baffles 11513 and two first clamping plates 11514 .
  • the first mounting beam includes a first mounting plate 11511 and a first side plate 11512 vertically arranged at both ends of the first mounting plate 11511.
  • the first mounting plate 11511 and the first side plate 11512 together enclose a first vehicle body drawbar.
  • the first mounting cavity of the seat, the first mounting plate 11511 is provided with a first mounting beam through hole for the first vehicle body drawbar seat to pass through, and after the first vehicle body drawbar seat passes through the first mounting beam through hole fixed on the first mounting beam.
  • the first baffle 11513 is disposed opposite to the first mounting plate 11511 to block part of the first installation cavity.
  • the first baffle 11513 is fixedly connected to the end of the first side plate 11512 away from the first mounting plate 11511.
  • the two first baffles 11513 respectively abut on the first side and the second side of the first vehicle body drawbar seat.
  • the two first clamping plates 11514 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the first vehicle body drawbar seat and abut on the first vehicle body drawbar seat.
  • the first clamping plate 11514 and the first side plate 11512 are away from the first installation One end of the board 11511 is fixedly connected.
  • the first vehicle body drawbar seat 151 is passed through the first mounting beam through hole, so that the end with the first connecting hole faces the trailer bogie 4 to connect with the corresponding first towing assembly 461 .
  • the first vehicle body drawbar seat is fixed in the first installation cavity by the cooperation of the two first clamping plates 11514 and the two first baffle plates 11513 .
  • the vehicle end outer cross member 1151 of this embodiment further includes two first protective plates 11515, and the two first protective plates 11515 are respectively arranged on the first side and the second side of the first vehicle body drawbar seat. Two ends of a protective plate 11515 are respectively connected to the first mounting plate 11511 and the first baffle plate 11513 .
  • the two first protective plates 11515 can form protection for the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 on the first side and the second side of the first vehicle body drawbar seat, thereby increasing its service life.
  • a plurality of seat installation interfaces 11516 are provided on the first side plate 11512, and the seat installation interfaces 11516 are used to connect the corresponding structures on the seat to fix the seat on the end wall of the vehicle body.
  • the vehicle end inner side beam 1152 of this embodiment further includes a second mounting beam and a second baffle plate 11523 .
  • the second mounting beam includes a second mounting plate 11521 and a second side plate 11522 vertically disposed at both ends of the second mounting plate 11521.
  • the second mounting plate 11521 and the second side plate 11522 together enclose a second vehicle body drawbar.
  • the second mounting cavity of the seat, the second mounting plate 11521 is provided with a second mounting beam through hole for the second vehicle body drawbar seat to pass through.
  • the second baffle plate 11523 is disposed opposite to the second mounting plate 11521 to cover part of the second installation cavity.
  • the second baffle plate 11523 is fixedly connected to the end of the second side plate 11522 facing away from the second mounting plate 11521.
  • the second baffle plate 11523 is provided with There is a second through hole corresponding to the second installation beam through hole, and the second vehicle body drawbar seat passes through the second through hole and the second installation beam through hole in sequence and is fixed on the second installation beam.
  • the second vehicle body drawbar seat passes through the second through hole and the second mounting beam through hole in sequence and then is fixed on the second mounting beam, so that the end with the second connecting hole faces the trailer bogie 4 so as to connect with the trailer bogie 4 .
  • the corresponding second traction assemblies 462 are connected.
  • Section 1154 of the second vehicle body drawbar seat is fixed in the second installation cavity through the limiting action of the through hole and the second installation beam through hole.
  • the inner side beam 1152 of the vehicle end further includes two second protective plates 11524, and the two second protective plates 11524 are respectively disposed on the first side and the second side of the second vehicle body drawbar seat.
  • the two ends are respectively connected to the second mounting plate 11521 and the second baffle plate 11523 .
  • the two second protective plates 11524 can form protection for the second vehicle body tow bar seat 1154 on the first side and the second side of the second vehicle body tow bar seat, so as to improve its service life.
  • the included angle between the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154 in this embodiment and the plane where the vehicle body end wall is located is preferably 30°-40°, within this range, the second drawbar assembly 462 can be kept relatively high. High transfer efficiency.
  • This embodiment provides a rubber-tired train, which includes a plurality of carriages connected end-to-end.
  • the car bodies of the carriages adopt the car body described in the first embodiment above, and two adjacent car bodies are connected by a trailer bogie.
  • two first traction assemblies and two second traction assemblies can be used to jointly transmit the tractive force and braking force between the trailer bogie and the vehicle body. power, reducing the load on each traction assembly, while distributing the traction and braking force equally across the entire body frame and trailer bogie, avoiding stress concentrations.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the connection structure between a trailer bogie and a vehicle body provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a trailer traction device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • the trailer bogie 4 includes a first frame body 41 and a second frame body 43 ; wherein, the first frame body 41 is used to connect to the first vehicle body, and the second frame body 43 is used to connect to the second vehicle body.
  • the first end of the first frame body 41 is used for hinged connection with the second frame body 43 ; the second end of the first frame body 41 is provided with a first axle 42 , and the extension direction of the first axle 42 is the same as that of the first frame body 41 .
  • the extending directions of the first axles 42 are perpendicular to each other, and the two ends of the first axle 42 are connected with the first trailer wheels.
  • the first end of the second frame body 43 is used for hinged connection with the first frame body 41 ; the second end of the second frame body 43 is provided with a second axle 44 , and the extension direction of the second axle 44 is the same as that of the second frame body 43 .
  • the extending directions of the second axles 44 are perpendicular to each other, and the two ends of the second axle 44 are connected with the second trailer wheels.
  • the hinged connection structure between the first frame body 41 and the second frame body 43 can be set as required, for example, the first end of the first frame body 41 and the first end of the second frame body 43 can be hinged through a shaft pin, And both can rotate relative to the pin shaft. In this way, when the first frame body 41 or the second frame body 43 rotates, due to the existence of the hinge connection, the corresponding second frame body 43 or the first frame body 41 can follow the rotation to a certain extent.
  • the trailer bogie 4 of this embodiment further includes a trailer traction device 46 , and the trailer traction device 46 is disposed on the side of the first axle 42 away from the first frame body 41 and the second vehicle axle 44 away from the second frame body 43 side.
  • the trailer traction device 46 is used to connect the trailer bogie 4 and the adjacent first or second vehicle body, so as to transmit traction or braking force between the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body, and adapt to the adjacent first vehicle relative movement in all directions between the body or the second body.
  • the connection structure of the trailer traction device 46 and the body of the motor vehicle is taken as an example for description, and the connection structure diagram of the other side and the body of the intermediate vehicle is not shown.
  • the trailer pulling device 46 of this embodiment includes two first pulling assemblies 461 and two second pulling assemblies 462 .
  • the two ends of the first traction assembly 461 are respectively used for connecting the first axle drawbar seat 441 on the trailer bogie 4 and the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 on the vehicle body.
  • the first axle drawbar seat 441 and the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, and both the first axle drawbar seat 441 and the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 are located on both sides of the vehicle body width direction.
  • Both ends of the first traction assembly 461 can be vertically connected to the first axle drawbar seat 441 and the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153. After the connection, the two first traction assemblies 461 are parallel to each other and consistent with the length direction of the vehicle body. .
  • Two ends of the second traction assembly 462 are respectively used for connecting the second axle drawbar seat 442 on the trailer bogie 4 and the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154 on the vehicle body.
  • the second axle drawbar seat 442 is located between the two first axle drawbar seats 441, and is located between the two second vehicle body drawbar seats 1154 in the width direction of the vehicle body, and the second axle draws
  • the rod seat 442 is obliquely disposed toward the first axle drawbar seat 441 adjacent to the rod seat 442 .
  • the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154 is located between the two first vehicle body drawbar seats 1153 , and the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154 is disposed obliquely away from the adjacent first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 .
  • the two second traction assemblies 462 are arranged obliquely, and the ends of the two second traction assemblies 462 connected to the trailer bogie 4 are located between the ends of the two second traction assemblies 462 connected to the vehicle body, so that the two second traction assemblies 462 are connected after the connection.
  • the traction assembly 462 is generally in the shape of an "eight".
  • the two first traction assemblies 461 and the two second traction assemblies 462 jointly transmit the tractive force and braking force between the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body connected thereto, thereby reducing the load on each traction assembly, and at the same time
  • the tractive force and braking force are evenly distributed to the entire vehicle body frame and the trailer bogie 4 to avoid stress concentration; in addition, the second traction component 462 will generate a component force along the width direction of the vehicle body after being stressed. It can assist the steering of the two articulated bodies.
  • the heights of the two first traction assemblies 461 can be kept consistent with the height of the wheel center, so as to reduce the loss of traction force and braking force transmission, and also reduce the wheel weight reduction rate; the two second traction assemblies 462 can ensure the smooth transmission of traction and braking force when the vehicle passes through small curves, improving the transmission efficiency.
  • both ends of the first traction assembly 461 in this embodiment are respectively vertically connected to the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body connected thereto, so as to ensure the transmission efficiency of traction force and braking force.
  • the included angle between the two ends of the second traction assembly 462 and the trailer bogie 4 and the vehicle body is 30°-40°, within this range, the second traction assembly 462 can maintain a high transmission efficiency.
  • the first pulling assembly 461 of this embodiment includes a first pulling rod 4611 and two first pulling rod nodes 4612 , both ends of the first pulling rod 4611 are provided with first pulling rods Through hole, the axial direction of the first draw rod through hole and the axial direction of the first draw rod 4611 are perpendicular to each other, and the first draw rod node 4612 is fixedly connected in the first draw rod through hole, that is, the first draw rod node 4612 One end passes through the through hole of the first draw rod and the middle part thereof is fixed with the through hole of the first draw rod.
  • the first drawbar nodes 4612 are located on both sides of the first drawbar through hole and are used to connect the first axle drawbar seat 441 or the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153.
  • the specific connection method can be bolted, hinged or other connection methods. .
  • the second drawbar assembly 462 includes a second drawbar 4621 and two second drawbar nodes 4622. Both ends of the second drawbar 4621 are provided with second drawbar through holes. The axial directions of the two drawbars 4621 are perpendicular to each other, and the second drawbar node 4622 is fixedly connected in the second drawbar through hole, that is, after one end of the second drawbar node 4622 passes through the second drawbar through hole, the middle part is connected to the second drawbar through hole.
  • the two drawbar through holes are fixed to each other.
  • the second drawbar nodes 4622 are located on both sides of the second drawbar through hole and are used to connect the second axle drawbar seat 442 or the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154.
  • the specific connection method can be bolted, hinged or other connection methods. .
  • the first drawbar node 4612 is located on both sides of the first drawbar through hole for connecting the first axle drawbar seat 441 or the first vehicle body.
  • the first fastener is fixed on the first axle drawbar seat 441 or the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 after passing through the first connecting hole.
  • the first connection hole can be a through hole, and the first fastener can be a bolt.
  • the first axle drawbar seat 441 and the first vehicle body drawbar seat 1153 are provided with the first fastener to match.
  • the threaded fixing hole is provided, and the first fastener can be fixed in the threaded fixing hole after passing through the first connecting hole.
  • the second drawbar nodes 4622 are located on both sides of the second drawbar through hole and are provided with second connecting holes for connecting the second axle drawbar seat 442 or the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154, and the second fastener passes through the second connecting hole. After passing through the second connecting hole, it is fixed on the second axle drawbar seat 442 or the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154 .
  • the second connecting hole can be a through hole, and the second fastener can be a bolt. Both the second axle drawbar seat 442 and the second vehicle body drawbar seat 1154 are provided with the second fastener to match The second fastener can be fixed in the threaded fixing hole after passing through the first connecting hole.
  • the use of bolt connection can facilitate the installation and disassembly of the traction assembly, thereby facilitating subsequent inspection and maintenance.
  • the first traction assembly 461 of this embodiment further includes a height valve stem mounting seat 4613, and the height valve stem mounting seat 4613 is used to install the height valve stem, so as to realize the adjustment of the air spring in a limited space Function.
  • the height valve rod mounting seat 4613 is located on the side of the first drawbar 4611 facing the trailer bogie 4 , and the height valve rod mounting seat 4613 is fixedly connected to the side of the first drawbar node 4612 facing the second towing assembly 462 .
  • the height valve stem mounting seat 4613 in this embodiment includes a first flat plate and a second flat plate that are perpendicular to each other.
  • the first flat plate is provided with a first fixing hole that is adapted to the first connecting hole, and the second flat plate is used to install the height. stem.
  • the first flat plate and the second flat plate can be formed by bending the same steel plate, and rib plates can be welded between them to increase the connection strength.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic front view structure of the first drawbar provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 shows a partial structural schematic diagram of the first drawbar provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • the first drawbar through hole and the second drawbar through hole in this embodiment are both oblong structures, so as to increase the strength of the connection between the drawbar node and the drawbar.
  • the radius corresponding to the first drawbar through hole is R1
  • the above-mentioned oval structure means that one end of the first drawbar 4611 covering the first drawbar through hole is formed by two semicircles with a radius of R2.
  • the structure and the horizontal part connecting the two semicircular structures with a length of L are formed, wherein a distance of L/2 exists between the center of the circle corresponding to the semicircular structure and the center of the through hole of the first drawbar.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic top view structure of the first drawbar provided by an embodiment of the present application; please refer to FIG. 12 . Further, in this embodiment, both ends of the first drawbar 4611 and the second drawbar 4621 are provided with chamfers to avoid interference with the vehicle body or the trailer bogie 4 during operation.
  • the first traction rod 4611 is a metal rod
  • the first traction rod node 4612 includes a metal part and a rubber part, and the metal part and the rubber part are integrally vulcanized
  • the second traction rod 4621 is a metal rod
  • the rod node 4622 includes a metal part and a rubber part, and the metal part and the rubber part are integrally vulcanized and formed.
  • the drawbars in this embodiment are all forged and machined from alloy steel, with high strength and good toughness; the drawbar nodes are made of metal and rubber vulcanized, which can buffer the impact during towing and braking, and are suitable for car bodies and trailers
  • the relative movement between the bogies 4 at the same time alleviates the impact during towing and braking, and optimizes the stress conditions of the vehicle body and the trailer bogie 4 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种车体及胶轮列车，车体包括相对设置的底架和顶板，连接底架和顶板的车体侧墙和车体端墙，其中，车体端墙包括：两个车端外侧横梁（1151）和车端内侧横梁（1152），在车体宽度方向上，车端内侧横梁（1152）位于两个车端外侧横梁（1151）之间；每一个车端外侧横梁（1151）上均设有一个第一车体牵引杆座（1153），第一车体牵引杆座（1153）垂直于车体端墙；车端内侧横梁（1152）上设有两个第二车体牵引杆座（1154），第二车体牵引杆座（1154）背离与其相邻的第一车体牵引杆座（1153）倾斜设置。

Description

车体及胶轮列车 技术领域
本申请涉及胶轮列车制造技术，尤其涉及一种车体及胶轮列车。
背景技术
随着城市交通建设的发展，铰接式列车(如传统低地板无轨电车、城市BRT列车等)逐渐被投入使用，以缓解道路交通压力。铰接式列车是用铰链装置连接在一起的两节或多节车厢组成的轮式列车，铰接式列车靠各车厢之间的铰链装置的引导而改变前进方向。
在铰接式列车中，相邻的两个车厢之间的牵引力和制动力依靠转向架上的牵引装置进行传递。但是，在相关技术的方案中，车体端墙与牵引装置的连接处易出现制动力分配不均、应力集中等问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例中提供了一种车体及胶轮列车，主要用于解决相关技术中车体端墙上制动力分配不均、应力集中的问题。
根据本申请实施例的第一个方面，提供了一种车体，包括：
相对设置的底架和顶板，连接所述底架和顶板的车体侧墙和车体端墙，其中，所述车体端墙包括：两个车端外侧横梁和车端内侧横梁，在车体宽度方向上，所述车端内侧横梁位于两个所述车端外侧横梁之间；
每一个所述车端外侧横梁上均设有一个第一车体牵引杆座，所述第一车体牵引杆座垂直于所述车体端墙；
所述车端内侧横梁上设有两个第二车体牵引杆座，所述第二车体牵引杆座背离与其相邻的所述第一车体牵引杆座倾斜设置。
根据本申请实施例的第二个方面，提供了一种胶轮列车，包括多个首尾相连的车厢，所述车厢的车体采用如上所述的车体，相邻的两个所述车体之间通过拖车转向架相连接
本申请实施例提供的车体及胶轮列车，车体包括相对设置的底架和顶板，连接底架和顶板的车体侧墙和车体端墙，其中，车体端墙包括：两个车端外侧横梁和车端内侧横梁，在车体宽度方向上，车端内侧横梁位于两个车端外侧横梁之间；每一个车端外侧横梁上均设有一个第一车体牵引杆座，第一车体牵引杆座垂直于车体端墙；车端内侧横梁上设有两个第二车体牵引杆座，第二车体牵引杆座背离与其相邻的第一车体牵引杆座倾斜设置。本申请实施例的车体端墙同时连接两个第一牵引组件和两个第二牵引组件以共同传递拖车转向架和车体之间的牵引力和制动力，降低了每根牵引组件上的载荷，同时将牵引力和制动力平均分配至整个车体端墙上，避免出现应力集中的情况。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的车体的局部结构简图；
图2中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一车体牵引杆座在第一视角下的结构简图；
图3中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一车体牵引杆座在第二视角下的结构简图；
图4中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一车体牵引杆座的爆炸视图；
图5中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第二车体牵引杆座在第一视角下的结构简图；
图6中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第二车体牵引杆座在第二视角下的结构简图；
图7中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第二车体牵引杆座的爆炸视图；
图8中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的拖车转向架与车体的连接结构简图；
图9中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的拖车牵引装置的结构简图；
图10中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一牵引杆的主视结构简图；
图11中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一牵引杆的局部结构简图；
图12中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一牵引杆的俯视结构简图。
附图标记：
1151-车端外侧横梁；11511-第一安装板；11512-第一侧板；11513-第一挡板；11514-第一夹持板；11515-第一防护板；11516-座椅安装接口；
1152-车端内侧横梁；11521-第二安装板；11522-第二侧板；11523-第二挡板；11524-第二防护板；
1153-第一车体牵引杆座；11531-第一主体；11532-第一连接部；
1154-第二车体牵引杆座；11541-第二主体；11542-第二连接部；
4-拖车转向架；
41-第一架体；
42-第一车桥；
43-第二架体；
44-第二车桥；441-第一车桥牵引杆座；442-第二车桥牵引杆座；
46-拖车牵引装置；
461-第一牵引组件；4611-第一牵引杆；4612-第一牵引杆节点；4613-高度阀杆安装座；462-第二牵引组件；4621-第二牵引杆；4622-第二牵引杆节点。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例中的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图对本申请的示例性实施例进行进一步详细的说明，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是所有实施例的穷举。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种车体，应用于胶轮低地板列车上，包括相对设置的底架和顶板，连接所述底架和顶板的车体侧墙和车体端墙，其中，上述车体可以为动车车体，也可以为中间车车体，为描述方便，本实施例以动车车体与拖车转向架的连接结构为例进行说明。本领域技术人员清楚的是，中间车车体与拖车转向架的连接结构与动车车体与拖车转向架的连接结构完全相同，本实施例在此不再赘述。车体端墙用于连接拖车转向架上的拖车牵引装置，以在拖车转向架和动车车体之间传递牵引力或制动力，并适应相邻的两个车体之间的各向相对运动。
图1中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的动车车体的局部结构简图；图2中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一车体牵引杆座在第一视角下的结构简图；图3中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一车体牵引杆座在第二视角下的结构简图；图4中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一车体牵引杆座的爆炸视图；图5中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第二车体牵引杆座在第一视角下的结构简图；图6中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第二车体牵引杆座在第二视角下的结构简图；图7中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第二车体牵引杆座的爆炸视图；请参照图1-7。
本实施例的车体端墙包括：两个车端外侧横梁1151和车端内侧横梁1152，在车体宽度方向上，车端内侧横梁1152位于两个车端外侧横梁1151之间。每一个车端外侧横梁1151上均设有一个第一车体牵引杆座1153，车端内侧横梁1152上设有两个第二车体牵引杆座1154。
第一车体牵引杆座1153垂直于车体端墙所在的平面。第一车体牵引杆座1153可垂直连接在第一牵引组件461的一端，连接后两个第一牵引组件461互相平行，且与车体的长度方向一致。
两个第二车体牵引杆座1154位于两个第一车体牵引杆座1153之间，第二车体牵引杆座1154背离与其相邻的第一车体牵引杆座1153倾斜设置。两个第二车体牵引杆座1154相对倾斜设置，使得与其相连的第二牵引组件462也倾斜设置，连接后两个第二牵引组件462大体呈“八”字型。
通过上述设置，可以使端墙同时连接两个第一牵引组件461和两个第二牵引组件462以共同传递拖车转向架4和车体之间的牵引力和制动力，降低了每根牵引组件上的载荷，同时将牵引力和制动力平均分配至整个车体端墙上，避免出现应力集中的情况。
同时，本实施例在设计时可以使两个第一车体牵引杆座1153的高度和车轮中心高度保持一致，以降低牵引力和制动力传递时的损失，同时也降低了轮重减载率；两个第二车体牵引杆座1154能够保证车辆通过小曲线时，牵引力和制动力的平滑传递，提高传递效率。
具体的，请参照图2-图4，本实施例的第一车体牵引杆座1153包括第一主体11531和两个第一连接部11532，两个第一连接部11532分别设置在第一主体11531的两端，第一连接部11532背离第一主体11531的一侧设有第一连接孔，第一连接孔用于与第一牵引组件461上的第一牵引杆节点4612相连接。可选地，第一连接孔可以为螺纹孔，第一牵引杆节点4612上设有对应的连接通孔，紧固件穿过通孔后固定在螺纹孔内，以将二者固定连接。
请参照图5-图7，第二车体牵引杆座1154包括第二主体11541和两个第二连接部11542，两个第二连接部11542分别设置在第二主体11541的两端，第二连接部11542背离第二主体11541的一侧设有第二连接孔，第二连接孔用于与第二牵引组件462上的第二牵引杆节点4622相连接。可选地，第二连接孔可以为螺纹孔，第二牵引杆节点4622上设有对应的连接通孔，紧固件穿过通孔后固定在螺纹孔内，以将二者固定连接。
进一步地，请继续参照图2-图4，本实施例的车端外侧横梁1151还包括第一安装梁、两个第一挡板11513和两个第一夹持板11514。
第一安装梁包括第一安装板11511以及垂直设置在第一安装板11511两端的第一侧板11512，第一安装板11511和第一侧板11512共同围成用于安装第一车体牵引杆座的第一安装腔，第一安装板11511上设有用于供第一车体牵引杆座穿过的第一安装梁通孔，第一车体牵引杆座穿过第一安装梁通孔后固定在第一安装梁上。
第一挡板11513与第一安装板11511相对设置以遮挡部分第一安装腔，第一挡板11513与第一侧板11512背离第一安装板11511的一端固定连接，两个第一挡板11513分别抵接在第一车体牵引杆座的第一侧和第二侧。
两个第一夹持板11514分别位于第一车体牵引杆座的上下两侧且抵接在第一车体牵引杆座上，第一夹持板11514与第一侧板11512背离第一安装板11511的一端固定连接。
本实施例将第一车体牵引杆座151穿过第一安装梁通孔，使其具有第一连接孔的一端朝向拖车转向架4以与对应的第一牵引组件461相连接。第一车体牵引杆座通过两个第一夹持板11514和两个第一挡板11513的共同作用固定在第一安装腔内。
更进一步地，本实施例的车端外侧横梁1151还包括两个第一防护板11515，两个第一防护板11515分别设置在第一车体牵引杆座的第一侧和第二侧，第一防护板11515的两端分别连接第一安装板11511和第一挡板11513。两个第一防护板11515可以在第一车体牵引杆座的第一侧和第二侧对第一车体牵引杆座1153形成保护，从而提高其使用寿命。
此外，本实施例在第一侧板11512上设有多个座椅安装接口11516，座椅安装接口11516用于连接座椅上对应的结构以将座椅固定在车体端墙上。
进一步地，请继续参照图5-图7，本实施例的车端内侧横梁1152还包括第二安装梁和第二挡板11523。
第二安装梁包括第二安装板11521以及垂直设置在第二安装板11521两端的第二侧板11522，第二安装板11521和第二侧板11522共同围成用于安装第二车体牵引杆座的第二安装腔，第二安装板11521上设有用于供第二车体牵引杆座穿过的第二安装梁通孔。
第二挡板11523与第二安装板11521相对设置以遮挡部分第二安装腔，第二挡板11523与第二侧板11522背离第二安装板11521的一端固定连接，第二挡板11523上设有与第二安装梁通孔相对应的第二过孔，第二车体牵引杆座依次穿过第二过孔和第二安装梁通孔后固定在第二安装梁上。
本实施例将第二车体牵引杆座依次穿过第二过孔和第二安装梁通孔后固定在第二安装梁上，使其具有第二连接孔的一端朝向拖车转向架4以与对应的第二牵引组件462相连接。第二车体牵引杆座1154节通过过孔和第二安装梁通孔的限位作用固定在第二安装腔内。
进一步地，车端内侧横梁1152还包括两个第二防护板11524，两个第二防护板11524分别设置在第二车体牵引杆座的第一侧和第二侧，第二防护板11524的两端分别连接第二安装板11521和第二挡板11523。两个第二防护板11524可以在第二车体牵引杆座的第一侧和第二侧对第二车体牵引杆座1154形成保护，从而提高其使用寿命。
可选地，本实施例的第二车体牵引杆座1154与车体端墙所在的平面之间的夹角优选为30°-40°，在此范围内可以使第二牵引组件462保持较高的传递效率。
实施例二
本实施例提供一种胶轮列车，包括多个首尾相连的车厢，车厢的车体采用如上实施例一所述的车体，相邻的两个车体之间通过拖车转向架相连接。
本实施例的胶轮列车由于采用了上述实施例一所述的车体，因此可以利用两个第一牵引组件和两个第 二牵引组件共同传递拖车转向架和车体之间的牵引力和制动力，降低了每根牵引组件上的载荷，同时将牵引力和制动力平均分配至整个车体框架和拖车转向架上，避免出现应力集中的情况。
图8中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的拖车转向架与车体的连接结构简图；图9中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的拖车牵引装置的结构简图；请参照图8-图9。具体的，拖车转向架4包括第一架体41和第二架体43；其中，第一架体41用于连接第一车体，第二架体43用于连接第二车体。
第一架体41的第一端用于与第二架体43铰接；第一架体41的第二端设有第一车桥42，第一车桥42的延伸方向与第一架体41的延伸方向互相垂直，第一车桥42的两端连接有第一拖车车轮。
第二架体43的第一端用于与第一架体41铰接；第二架体43的第二端设有第二车桥44，第二车桥44的延伸方向与第二架体43的延伸方向互相垂直，第二车桥44的两端连接有第二拖车车轮。
第一架体41和第二架体43之间的铰接连接结构可以根据需要进行设置，例如，第一架体41的第一端和第二架体43的第一端可通过轴销铰接，并且两者可相对于销轴转动。这样当第一架体41或者第二架体43发生转动时，由于铰接连接关系的存在，相应的第二架体43或者第一架体41可在一定程度上跟随转动。
进一步地，本实施例的拖车转向架4还包括拖车牵引装置46，拖车牵引装置46设置在第一车桥42背离第一架体41的一侧以及第二车桥44背离第二架体43的一侧。拖车牵引装置46用于连接拖车转向架4和相邻的第一车体或第二车体，以在拖车转向架4和车体之间传递牵引力或制动力，并适应相邻的第一车体或第二车体之间的各向相对运动。本实施例中以拖车牵引装置46与动车车体的连接结构为例进行说明，其另一侧与中间车车体的连接结构图上未示出。
具体的，请继续参照图8和图9，本实施例的拖车牵引装置46包括两个第一牵引组件461和两个第二牵引组件462。
其中，第一牵引组件461的两端分别用于连接位于拖车转向架4上的第一车桥牵引杆座441和位于车体上的第一车体牵引杆座1153。第一车桥牵引杆座441与第一车体牵引杆座1153一一对应设置，且第一车桥牵引杆座441和第一车体牵引杆座1153均位于车体宽度方向的两侧。第一牵引组件461的两端可垂直连接于第一车桥牵引杆座441和第一车体牵引杆座1153，连接后两个第一牵引组件461互相平行，且与车体的长度方向一致。
第二牵引组件462的两端分别用于连接位于拖车转向架4上的第二车桥牵引杆座442和位于车体上的第二车体牵引杆座1154。其中，第二车桥牵引杆座442位于两个第一车桥牵引杆座441之间，且在车体宽度方向上位于两个第二车体牵引杆座1154之间，第二车桥牵引杆座442朝向与其相邻的第一车桥牵引杆座441倾斜设置。第二车体牵引杆座1154位于两个第一车体牵引杆座1153之间，第二车体牵引杆座1154背离与其相邻的第一车体牵引杆座1153倾斜设置。两个第二牵引组件462倾斜设置，且两个第二牵引组件462与拖车转向架4连接的一端位于两个第二牵引组件462与车体连接的一端之间，使得连接后两个第二牵引组件462大体呈“八”字型。
通过上述设置，两个第一牵引组件461和两个第二牵引组件462共同传递拖车转向架4和与其连接的车体之间的牵引力和制动力，降低了每根牵引组件上的载荷，同时将牵引力和制动力平均分配至整个车体框架和拖车转向架4上，避免出现应力集中的情况；此外，第二牵引组件462受力后会产生沿车体宽度方向的分力，该分力能够辅助相互铰接的两个车体的转向。
同时，本实施例可以使两个第一牵引组件461的高度和车轮中心高度保持一致，以降低牵引力和制动力传递时的损失，同时也降低了轮重减载率；两个第二牵引组件462能够保证车辆通过小曲线时，牵引力和制动力的平滑传递，提高传递效率。
可选地，本实施例的第一牵引组件461的两端分别垂直连接于拖车转向架4和与其连接的车体上，以保证牵引力和制动力的传输效率。第二牵引组件462的两端与拖车转向架4和车体之间的夹角为30°-40°，在此范围内可以使第二牵引组件462保持较高的传递效率。
可选地，请继续参照图9，本实施例的第一牵引组件461包括第一牵引杆4611和两个第一牵引杆节点4612，第一牵引杆4611的两端均设有第一牵引杆通孔，第一牵引杆通孔的轴向与第一牵引杆4611的轴向互相垂直，第一牵引杆节点4612固定连接在第一牵引杆通孔内，也即第一牵引杆节点4612的一端穿过第一牵引杆通孔后其中部与第一牵引杆通孔相固定。第一牵引杆节点4612位于第一牵引杆通孔的两侧用于连接第一车桥牵引杆座441或第一车体牵引杆座1153，具体的连接方式可以选用螺栓连接、铰接等连接方 式。
第二牵引组件462包括第二牵引杆4621和两个第二牵引杆节点4622，第二牵引杆4621的两端均设有第二牵引杆通孔，第二牵引杆通孔的轴向与第二牵引杆4621的轴向互相垂直，第二牵引杆节点4622固定连接在第二牵引杆通孔内，也即第二牵引杆节点4622的一端穿过第二牵引杆通孔后其中部与第二牵引杆通孔相固定。第二牵引杆节点4622位于第二牵引杆通孔的两侧用于连接第二车桥牵引杆座442或第二车体牵引杆座1154，具体的连接方式可以选用螺栓连接、铰接等连接方式。
优选地，请继续参照图8和图9，本实施例中第一牵引杆节点4612位于第一牵引杆通孔的两侧均设有用于连接第一车桥牵引杆座441或第一车体牵引杆座1153的第一连接孔，第一紧固件穿过第一连接孔后固定在第一车桥牵引杆座441或第一车体牵引杆座1153上。第一连接孔可为通孔，第一紧固件可选为螺栓，在第一车桥牵引杆座441和第一车体牵引杆座1153上均设有与第一紧固件相适配的螺纹固定孔，第一紧固件可穿过第一连接孔后固定在螺纹固定孔内。
第二牵引杆节点4622位于第二牵引杆通孔的两侧均设有用于连接第二车桥牵引杆座442或第二车体牵引杆座1154的第二连接孔，第二紧固件穿过第二连接孔后固定在第二车桥牵引杆座442或第二车体牵引杆座1154上。第二连接孔可为通孔，第二紧固件可选为螺栓，在第二车桥牵引杆座442和第二车体牵引杆座1154上均设有与第二紧固件相适配的螺纹固定孔，第二紧固件可穿过第一连接孔后固定在螺纹固定孔内。
本实施方式中，采用螺栓连接的方式可以方便牵引组件的安装和拆卸，从而便于后续的检修和维护。
进一步地，请继续参照图9，本实施例的第一牵引组件461还包括高度阀杆安装座4613，高度阀杆安装座4613用于安装高度阀杆，以在有限空间内实现空气弹簧的调节功能。
高度阀杆安装座4613位于第一牵引杆4611朝向拖车转向架4的一侧，且高度阀杆安装座4613固定连接于第一牵引杆节点4612朝向第二牵引组件462的一侧。
具体的，本实施例的高度阀杆安装座4613包括互相垂直的第一平板和第二平板，第一平板上设有与第一连接孔相适配的第一固定孔，第二平板用于安装高度阀杆。第一平板和第二平板可以采用同一块钢板折弯而成，并且可以在二者之间焊接筋板以增加连接强度。
图10中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一牵引杆的主视结构简图；图11中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一牵引杆的局部结构简图；请参照图10-图11。可选地，本实施例中的第一牵引杆通孔和第二牵引杆通孔均为长圆结构，以增加牵引杆节点与牵引杆连接处的强度。以第一牵引杆4611为例，第一牵引杆通孔对应的半径为R1，上述长圆结构是指第一牵引杆4611包覆第一牵引杆通孔的一端是由两个半径为R2的半圆结构以及连接两个半圆结构的长度为L的水平部分所构成，其中半圆结构所对应的圆心与第一牵引杆通孔的圆心之间具有L/2的距离。
图12中示出的是本申请一实施例提供的第一牵引杆的俯视结构简图；请参照图12。进一步地，本实施例中第一牵引杆4611和第二牵引杆4621的两端均设有倒角，以避免运行过程中与车体或拖车转向架4发生干涉。
优选地，本实施例中第一牵引杆4611为金属杆，第一牵引杆节点4612包括金属部分和橡胶部分，金属部分与橡胶部分一体硫化成型；第二牵引杆4621为金属杆，第二牵引杆节点4622包括金属部分和橡胶部分，金属部分与橡胶部分一体硫化成型。
本实施例的牵引杆均采用合金钢材料锻造及机加工而成，强度高，韧性好；牵引杆节点通过金属和橡胶硫化而成，能缓冲牵引和制动时的冲击，适应车体和拖车转向架4之间的相对运动，同时在牵引和制动时缓和冲击，优化车体和拖车转向架4的受力状况。

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  1. Figure PCTCN2021123696-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2021123696-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2021123696-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2021123696-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2021123696-appb-100005
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