WO2022112123A1

WO2022112123A1 - Separating device, and powertrain and vehicle comprising said separating device

Info

Publication number: WO2022112123A1
Application number: PCT/EP2021/082279
Authority: WO
Inventors: Uwe Grossgebauer; Arthur Schröder; Tobias HÖCHE; Ingrid Hoffelner; Georg SELTMANN; Martin Hertel
Original assignee: Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date: 2020-11-27
Filing date: 2021-11-19
Publication date: 2022-06-02
Also published as: DE102020214990A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a separating device comprising an input part (9) and an output part (8) which are arranged about a common rotational axis (10) and which can be connected together by a conical coupling. The conical coupling has an inner friction cone (4) and an outer friction cone (1) as well as a lamellar cone (3) arranged between the inner friction cone (4) and the outer friction cone (1), wherein the inner friction cone (4) and the outer friction cone (1) are rotationally fixed together but can be moved relative to each other in the axial direction however, and an actuation device (6) is provided by means of which the inner friction cone (4) or the outer friction cone (1) can be axially moved. The invention is characterized in that a release bearing (7) is provided between the actuation device (6) and the inner friction cone (4) or outer friction cone (1) which can be moved by the actuation device (6). The invention additionally relates to a powertrain and a vehicle comprising such a separating device.

Description

Separating device and drive train and vehicle with this

The invention relates to a separating device for interrupting or connecting power flows between at least one drive unit and a drive. In particular for the temporary separation of a drive unit in a drive train for use in a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive consisting of an internal combustion engine and an electric machine.

A large number of types of couplings are known in the prior art.

In hybrid vehicles in particular, depending on the operating mode, it may be necessary for one of the drive units to be separated from the rest of the drive train in order to avoid corresponding losses caused by a drive unit that would otherwise have to be moved.

Conventional solutions provide for this purpose a multi-plate clutch, which, however, requires a correspondingly high number of components and is associated with corresponding losses due to drag torque.

The object of the invention is to provide a separating device with a simple structure, low losses and a good power flow. A simple and quick installation of the separating device is also another task.

The object is achieved by a separating device comprising an input part and an output part, which are arranged to be rotatable about a common axis of rotation and can be connected to one another by a cone clutch, the cone clutch having an inner friction cone and an outer friction cone as well as one between the inner friction cone and the outer friction cone arranged disk cone has, wherein the inner friction cone and the outer friction cone are rotatably connected to the miteinan, but are movable relative to each other in the axial direction, and wherein an actuating device is provided with which the inner friction cone or the outer friction cone can be moved axially, characterized in that a release bearing is provided between the actuating device and the inner friction cone or outer friction cone that can be moved by the actuating device. The output part and/or the input part can be formed as shafts or hollow shafts. Variants are also possible in which the input part and/or the output part are designed as a flange, hub or flywheel which is connected or can be connected to a drive unit, such as a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine. In a cone clutch, a multi-plate steering cone can be clamped between two friction cones that can be moved towards one another in order to transmit torque. In this case, the disk cone is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to an input part or output part and at least one of the inner or outer friction cones to the other of the input part or output part.

The actuator acts on either the inner or outer friction cones and causes relative axial movement between the inner and outer friction cones to actuate the cone clutch accordingly. A relative speed can occur between the actuating device and the movable inner or outer friction cone. A release bearing is provided to avoid wear and losses as far as possible. This release bearing is preferably designed as a roller bearing which is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation. Due to the axial direction of actuation, the release bearing is primarily designed as an axial bearing, with the release bearing preferably also having radial bearing portions or cage or guide components are provided in order to hold the individual elements of the release bearing together as a structural unit.

Embodiments of a separating device are characterized in that the actuating device is provided on a stationary housing. Preferably, the actuating device is not on a rotating component, but is arranged on a part of the housing or on a component that is fixed to this component. Due to the arrangement fixed to the housing, the supply, for example with hydraulic oil or electricity, of the actuating device can be carried out easily, since the supply lines can be provided in or on the housing. Separating devices according to embodiments are characterized in that the actuating device is designed as a coaxially arranged annular piston. In order to achieve a uniform actuation of the cone clutch provided coaxially about the axis of rotation, the actuating device is advantageously designed as an annular piston arranged coaxially about the axis of rotation.

Separating device according to embodiments are characterized in that the inner friction cone and/or the outer friction cone is non-rotatably connected to the input part, and that the lamellar cone is non-rotatably but axially movable connected to the output part. Such a design is particularly advantageous for applications in the field of hybrid drives in vehicles, in which loading operating states can occur with a stationary input part and rotating output part, such as in a purely electric drive or so-called coasting. If the actuating device is fixed to the housing and the input part is stationary, there is no relative speed on the release bearing, which means that wear and losses are avoided.

Separating devices according to alternative embodiments are characterized in that the disk cone is connected to the input part in a rotationally fixed but axially movable manner, and that the inner friction cone and/or the outer friction cone is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output part. An inverted structure with the lamellar cone on the output part is particularly advantageous for applications which have similar operating states with a rotating input part and a stationary output part, such as generator operation or power splits, or no actuating device fixed to the housing.

In addition to the points mentioned above, the arrangement of the inner and outer friction cones can also be selected depending on the supply line or the available installation space. Embodiments of a separating device are characterized in that an electrical machine is connected to the input part. In this case, the separating device can serve as a separation from a following drive train, in order to reduce the moving mass, for example. Particularly in applications in combination with a drive connected to the electric machine, such as an internal combustion engine, the separating device can decouple generator operation from the drive train.

Separating devices according to preferred embodiments are characterized in that the electrical machine is connected to the input part by means of gearing or a traction mechanism. As a result, an axially parallel arrangement is possible, which can be advantageous in terms of the available space. Such an embodiment can also be advantageous in the case of several drives connected to the input part, such as electric machines and internal combustion engines.

Embodiments of a separating device are characterized in that the input part is connected to an internal combustion engine and the output part is connected to a transmission. The separating device can thus be used like a regular clutch in a conventional drive train or in hybrid applications.

Separating device according to embodiments are characterized in that the input part and the output part have an axially overlapping area, and that a radial bearing is provided between the input part and the output part. On the one hand, this improves and ensures the alignment of the input part with the output part. Furthermore, the power flow in the separating device and the adjacent components can be improved.

Embodiments of a separating device are characterized in that the inner friction cone, which cannot be moved by the actuating device, or the outer friction cone, is supported on a stationary housing via an axial bearing. With such an arrangement, an axial force applied in the actuated state can be supported directly on the housing, as a result of which an optimized flow of forces can be achieved.

Separating devices according to preferred embodiments are characterized in that the axial bearing is arranged between the input part or the output part and the stationary housing. With such an arrangement of the thrust bearing, the thrust bearing can advantageously be placed on existing structures of the Ge housing, such as an end shield, as a result of which the housing structure can be kept simple. It is also possible for the axial bearing to be in the form of a combined axial and radial bearing in order to be able to support additional bearing forces, as a result of which the number of components can be kept low.

Embodiments of a separating device are characterized in that a restoring device is provided between the inner friction cone and the outer friction cone. In order to ensure actuation or separation of the cone clutch, a restoring device is advantageously provided, which counteracts the actuating device. The restoring device is preferably designed as an elastic element, in particular as a spring.

Separating device according to embodiments are characterized in that an electrical machine is connected to the output part. In the case of hybrid drives, the internal combustion engine can be separated by the separating device with a purely electric drive in order to avoid moving masses and thus losses.

A further aspect of the invention is a drive train for a vehicle comprising a separating device according to the description. Another aspect of the invention is a vehicle with a separating device according to the embodiments of the description.

The features of the embodiments can be combined with one another as desired.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures. Identical or similar elements are denoted by the same reference symbols. The figures show in detail:

Fig. 1a & 1b show a schematically illustrated embodiment.

Fig. 2 shows a further, schematically illustrated embodiment.

Fig. 3a & 3b show another, schematically illustrated Ausführungsbei game.

4 shows another embodiment.

5 shows another embodiment.

Fig. 6a & 6b show another, schematically illustrated Ausführungsbei game.

7 shows another embodiment.

Fig. 1a shows an embodiment with components shown schematically. The separating device is constructed concentrically around the axis of rotation 10, which is why, as in the other figures, only half is shown. A separating unit is shown, with a cone clutch, in which the actuation device 6 acts on the input side. The actuating device 6 acts here via the release bearing 7 on the inner friction cone 4. The inner friction cone 4 is axially movable, but non-rotatably connected to the outer friction cone 1. This connection is preferably achieved in a form-fitting manner by means of axially projecting fingers distributed over the circumference, which engage in recesses of the counter-component correspondingly distributed over the circumference.

The outer friction cone 1 is firmly connected to the input part 9 . About the äuße ren friction cone 1 and the non-rotatably connected to this inner friction cone 4 can be created via one or more drives, not shown, who the power. Between the inner friction cone 4 and the outer friction cone 1 there is a restoring device 15 which is designed as an elastic element such as a spring or a plurality of springs. A force is applied in the axial direction to the outer friction cone 1 and the inner friction cone 4 by the restoring device 15 . In the exemplary embodiment shown, a normally open clutch is shown in which the restoring device 15 acts on the inner friction cone 4 and the outer friction cone 1 away from one another in order to provide sufficient clearance in the non-actuated state. The actuating device 6 can also be reset by the resetting device 15 and it is ensured that the release bearing 7 is held between the actuating device 6 and the inner friction cone 4 and remains in contact, in particular a preload is applied to the release bearing 7 .

In addition to the normal-open design shown, normal-closed designs are also possible, in which the resetting device acts accordingly in the direction of actuation and ensures torque transmission. The Actuate supply device 6 then acts accordingly in the opening direction.

The actuating device 6 is supported on the one hand on the housing 5 and in FIG. 1a comprises an annular piston which acts on the inner friction cone 4 on the opposite side via the release bearing 7 . Upon actuation, an axial force is generated by the loading actuating device 6, which moves the release bearing 7 and the inner friction cone 4 in the axial direction toward the outer friction cone 1 until the clearance has been applied and the disk cone 3 in between is clamped by the inner friction cone 4 and the outer friction cone 1. Due to the conical friction surfaces, the axial actuating force of the actuating device 6 is translated or amplified into a greater normal force on the friction surfaces. Due to the normal force and the coefficient of friction of the friction surfaces, the cone clutch can transmit a specific torque.

The disk cone 3 arranged between the inner friction cone 4 and the outer friction cone 1 is also designed to be movable in the axial direction in order to allow clearance in the non-actuated state and thus a clean separation. To transmit the torque, the lamellar cone 3 is connected to a carrier plate 2 in a torque-proof manner. The connection can, for example, be analogous to that between the inner friction cone 4 and the outer friction cone 1 . The support plate 2 is firmly connected to the starting part 8 in FIG. 1a.

In Fig. 1a, a transmission element 14 is fixedly provided on the input part 9 . Through the transmission element 14, a drive can be arranged parallel to the axis. This can be used in addition to a coaxially arranged drive, for example, to connect a further drive. An example of this would be an internal combustion engine and an electric machine as an additional drive or as a generator. Accordingly, only one drive can be provided, which is connected to the input part 9 via the transmission element 14 .

Fig. 1b shows a largely identical structure to Fig. 1a, with a simplified functional representation is shown.

One difference is that the connection between the inner friction cone 4 and the outer friction cone 1 is reversed by means of axial projections and recesses. The lamina cone 3 is firmly connected to the carrier plate 2, which is non-rotatably al lerdings axially displaceably connected to the output part 8. Furthermore, radial bearings 12 and an axial bearing 13 are shown in FIG. 1b. In order to support the axial force applied by the actuating device 6, an axial bearing 13 is provided between the housing 5 and the input part 9 on the input side of the cone clutch. Thus, when the cone clutch is actuated, there is a closed axial flow of force from the actuating device 6 on the housing 5 via the release bearing 7, the inner friction cone 4, disk cone 3, the outer friction cone 1, the input part 9 via the axial bearing 13 back on the housing 5 . The power flow is indicated by a dashed line.

The input part 9 and the output part 8 are designed to overlap axially. Two Radialla ger 12 are arranged between the input part 9 and the output part 8 in Fig. 1b. Instead of the two radial bearings 12 shown, only one radial bearing 12, in particular a needle bearing, can accordingly also be provided.

The basic structure of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2 is analogous to FIG. 1a or FIG. 1b. In contrast to FIG. 1a or FIG. 1b, the cone of the cone coupling is inclined in the opposite direction. The actuating device 6 acts on the outer friction cone 1, which is designed to be axially movable. The inner friction cone 4 is supported via a further bearing 11 on the carrier plate 2 which is firmly connected to the output part 8 .

Due to the support on the support plate 2 on the output part 8, the axial bearing 13 is in contrast to the Fig. 1 b on the output side of the cone coupling between the output part 8 and the housing 5's arranged.

In Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b, the cone clutch acts in the opposite way. The Lamel steering cone 3 is here, preferably via a support plate 2, with the input part 9 rotatably but axially displaceably connected. Accordingly, the inner friction cone 4 is firmly connected to the output part 8 and the outer friction cone 1 is also non-rotatably but axially displaceably connected to the output part 8 . For the further arrangement of the components, reference is made to the further figures because of the analog structure. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4, the slope of the cone is designed as in FIG. 1a or FIG. 1b, the connection of the components to one another being analogous to FIG. 3a or FIG. 3b. Correspondingly, the lamellar cone 3 is connected to the input part 9 . The outer friction cone 1 is firmly connected to the output part 8 and the actuating device 6 acts on the axially displaceable inner friction cone 4.

In the variant shown in FIG. 4, the inner friction cone 4 is connected to the outer friction cone 1 and thus indirectly via this, instead of an alternative direct connection analogous to FIG. 3b, to the output part 8.

FIG. 5 basically has the same structure as FIG. 3b, with no restoring device 15 being shown. If the actuating device 6 acts in both axial directions, for example, a separate resetting device 15 can be dispensed with. If the actuating device 6 includes, for example, an integrated return spring or is designed as a double piston, the actuation and an air release can be ensured via the actuating device 6 .

In embodiments, the support plate 2 and any transmission element 14 can be made in one piece or in several pieces.

In contrast to the previous figures, the actuating device 6 is provided on the input side of the cone clutch in FIG. 6a and FIG. 6b. Such execution forms can be advantageous in terms of the existing space and / or the supply of the actuating device 6.

The rest of the structure is analogous to the previous figures, with the outer friction cone 1 and the inner friction cone 4 being connected to the input part 9 and the lamellar cone 3 to the output part 8, alternatively also correspondingly opposite arrangements and/or an oppositely inclined cone of the cone coupling are possible.

The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 7 largely corresponds to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. The driver 17 is connected to the housing 5 during assembly. Embodiments with a driver 17 make it possible to preassemble the separating device as a subassembly for the most part, which simplifies the final assembly and significantly reduces the number of parts in this.

The axial bearing 13 is also supported on the carrier 17 and is secured axially on the opposite side by means of a support disk 16 on the input part 9 .

The invention is also not limited to the embodiments described. As stated above, only individual advantageous features can also be provided and combined with one another. The scope of protection is defined by the claims.

Reference sign outer friction cone support plate disk cone inner friction cone housing actuation device release bearing output part input part axis of rotation storage radial bearing axial bearing transmission element resetting device supporting disc entrainment

Claims

patent claims

1 . Separating device comprising an input part (9) and an output part (8), which are arranged rotatably about a common axis of rotation (10) and can be connected to one another by a cone coupling, the cone coupling having an inner friction cone (4) and an outer friction cone (1) as well as has a disc cone (3) arranged between the inner friction cone (4) and the outer friction cone (1), the inner friction cone (4) and the outer friction cone (1) being non-rotatably connected to one another, but movable relative to one another in the axial direction are bar, and wherein an actuating device (6) is provided, with which the inner friction cone (4) or the outer friction cone (1) can be moved axially, characterized in that between the actuating device (6) and the, by the actuating device direction ( 6) movable, inner friction cone (4) or outer friction cone (1), a release bearing (7) is provided.

2. Separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating device (6) is provided on a stationary housing (5).

3. Separating device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuating device (6) is designed as a coaxially arranged annular piston.

4. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner friction cone (4) and/or the outer friction cone (1) is non-rotatably connected to the input part (9), and that the lamellar cone (3) is non-rotatable but axial is movably connected to the output part (8).

5. Separating device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lamellar cone (3) is non-rotatably but axially movable with the input gear steep (9), and that the inner friction cone (4) and / or the outer friction cone (1) is non-rotatably connected to the output part (8).

6. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrical machine is connected to the input part (9).

7. Separating device according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrical machine is connected to the input part (9) by a gearing or a traction drive.

8. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input part (9) is connected to an internal combustion engine and the output part (8) to a gear.

9. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input part (9) and the output part (8) have an axially overlapping area, and that a radial bearing (12) is provided between the input part (9) and the output part (8). .

10. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner friction cone (4) or outer friction cone (1) that cannot be moved by the actuating device (6) is supported on a stationary housing (5) via an axial bearing (13).

11 . Separating device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the axial bearing (13) is arranged between the input part (9) or the output part (8) and the stationary housing (5).

12. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the inner friction cone (4) and the outer friction cone (1) a restoring device (15) is provided.

13. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrical machine is connected to the output part (8).

14. Drive train for a vehicle comprising a separating device according to one of the preceding claims.

15. Vehicle with a separating device according to one of claims 1 to 13.