WO2022106786A1 - Element de separation d'un milieu liquide a contrainte de cisaillement parietale elevee - Google Patents
Element de separation d'un milieu liquide a contrainte de cisaillement parietale elevee Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022106786A1 WO2022106786A1 PCT/FR2021/052038 FR2021052038W WO2022106786A1 WO 2022106786 A1 WO2022106786 A1 WO 2022106786A1 FR 2021052038 W FR2021052038 W FR 2021052038W WO 2022106786 A1 WO2022106786 A1 WO 2022106786A1
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- Prior art keywords
- porous support
- circulation
- internal connection
- connection system
- collection
- Prior art date
Links
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- 230000001936 parietal effect Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 65
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
- B01D63/066—Tubular membrane modules with a porous block having membrane coated passages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0004—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles
- B01D67/00045—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles by additive layer techniques, e.g. selective laser sintering [SLS], selective laser melting [SLM] or 3D printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0041—Inorganic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles in the dry state
- B01D67/00415—Inorganic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles in the dry state by additive layer techniques, e.g. selective laser sintering [SLS], selective laser melting [SLM] or 3D printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0051—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof characterised by the pore size, pore shape or kind of porosity
- C04B38/0054—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof characterised by the pore size, pore shape or kind of porosity the pores being microsized or nanosized
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00793—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filters or diaphragms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of separation elements by tangential flow of a liquid medium to be treated into a filtrate or permeate and a retentate, commonly called filtration membranes.
- the invention relates to new geometries of these separation elements making it possible to increase the flow of the filtrate and/or to reduce the energy consumption of the installations implementing these separation elements.
- a membrane constitutes a selective barrier which allows, under the action of a transfer force, the passage or the stopping of certain components of the fluid medium to be treated.
- the passage or the stoppage of the components results from their size compared to the size of the pores of the membrane which then behaves like a filter.
- these techniques are called microfiltration, ultrafiltration or nanofiltration.
- the membranes are generally made up of a porous support which provides the mechanical strength of the membrane and which, defining the number and morphology of the circulation veins for the liquid medium to be treated, determines the total filtering surface of the membrane. It is in fact on the inner walls of these circulation veins that a layer called a separating layer, a filtration layer, a layer of separation, active layer or skin provides separation. During the separation, the transfer of the filtered liquid medium takes place through the separating layer, then this liquid spreads in the porous texture of the support to move towards the outer perimeter surface of the porous support.
- This part of the liquid to be treated having passed through the separation layer and the porous support is called permeate or filtrate and is recovered by a collection system.
- the other part is called retentate and is most often reinjected into the liquid to be treated upstream of the membrane, thanks to a circulation loop.
- the main antagonistic phenomenon to the transfer of the filtrate through the separation layer is the appearance of clogging resulting from a concentration polarization, a deposit or a blockage of the pores.
- a drop in the permeation flow which is the consequence of said clogging of the separation layer and which can sometimes be extremely strong and rapid.
- the phenomenon of concentration polarization operates during a filtration operation when the macromolecules present in the liquid medium to be treated are concentrated at the membrane/solution interface where they exert an osmotic counter-pressure opposite to the separation force. or retrodiffuse in the core of the liquid medium to be treated according to Fick's law.
- the phenomenon of concentration polarization results from the accumulation of the compounds retained in the vicinity of the membrane due to the permeation of the solvent.
- the parietal shear stress represents the forces applied by the fluid flowing tangentially to the surface of the membrane on a membrane surface element.
- the parietal shear stress T P in such a circulation stream is greater than that in a circulation stream with a circular or square cross section, thus allowing a more effective unclogging and a gain in permeation flow.
- patent FR 2 696 653 describes a filtration unit comprising a rigid porous structure interposed between a thrust plate and a counter-thrust plate.
- the rigid porous structure has flat main faces covered by a separating layer in contact with the liquid medium to be treated flowing between these main faces and the thrust and counter-thrust plates.
- This solution requires the implementation of thrust and counter-thrust plates.
- the object of the invention proposes to provide new rigid filtration elements with a geometry adapted to ensure effective unclogging in order to increase the flow of the filtrate while having ease of manufacture.
- the object of the invention relates to an element for separating a liquid medium to be separated into a permeate and a retentate comprising:
- An inorganic one-piece rigid porous support having, on one side, a first outer flat surface and, on an opposite side, a second outer flat surface connected to the first outer flat surface by at least one outer connecting surface;
- At least two circulation veins for the liquid medium provided in the porous support to each have a rectangular cross section
- the porous support arranged in the porous support to distribute from an inlet provided in the porous support, the liquid medium, in a series of circulation veins and at least one internal connection system for the collection of the retentate, provided in the porous support to collect up to an outlet provided in the porous support, the retentate from the series of circulation streams, the internal connection system for distribution, the circulation streams and the internal connection system for collection being provided with at least one separating layer continuously deposited between the inlet and the outlet of the porous support so that the liquid medium circulating in the porous support between the inlet and the outlet, is only in contact with the said separating layer, the porous support having a continuity of material and of porous texture and a mechanical resistance making it possible to avoid rupture of the porous support for a pressure difference of the liquid medium of at least one bar between the separating layer and the surface of its part of the permeate;
- the porous support is obtained by implementing an additive method adapted so that the porosity of the porous material ensures the routing of the permeate having passed through the separating layer or layers.
- the constituent material of the porous support has a maximum admissible bending stress of at least 10 MPa.
- the rectangular cross section of the circulation veins has two dimensions, one of the dimensions of which is at least four times smaller than the other dimension.
- circulation veins are arranged in the porous support parallel to each other.
- At least one circulation vein has a flexible shape while following the main direction of circulation of the fluid to be treated.
- each circulation vein has a periodic flexible shape.
- each circulation stream has a constant cross section over its entire extent between the internal connection system for distribution and the internal connection system for collection.
- the circulation veins are delimited by two parallel faces which are perpendicular or parallel to at least two external flat surfaces of the porous support.
- the internal connection system for distribution and the internal connection system for collection open onto the outside of the porous support through one or more orifices or end pieces provided at the level of an external flat surface. or at an outer bonding surface.
- the internal connection system for the distribution and the internal connection system for the collection are arranged asymmetrically on either side of the circulation veins.
- the internal connection system for the distribution and the internal connection system for the collection are arranged symmetrically on either side of the circulation streams.
- the permeate collection system comprises spaces arranged inside the porous support to collect the permeate having passed through the separating layer or layers.
- the permeate collection system opens onto the outside of the porous support via one or more orifices or end pieces for collecting said permeate.
- the first outer planar surface, the second outer planar surface and the outer connecting surface are sealed.
- the permeate collection system is arranged hollow in at least one flat outer surface of the porous support to collect the permeate having passed through the separating layer or layers, the rest of the outer planar surface not provided with a recess being sealed.
- the porous support comprises end pieces sealed externally, delimiting the inlet of the internal connection system for distribution and the outlet of the internal connection system for collection.
- the end pieces extend in directions whose angles relative to the main direction of circulation of the liquid medium are between 0° and 90°.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a separation unit comprising at least one separation element mounted in an apparatus provided with connections to ensure on the one hand the inlet of the liquid medium to be treated and the outlet of the retentate as well as on the other hand the collection of the permeate whose end pieces delimit the inlet of the internal connection system for the distribution of the liquid medium to be treated and the outlet of the internal connection system for the collection of the retentate, the permeate collection end pieces state equipped with connections fixed in a sealed manner to said end pieces.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation in longitudinal section taken substantially along section lines B-B of Figure 2, of a separating element illustrating the general principle of the subject of the invention.
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spacer, taken substantially along section lines A-A of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view illustrating a first exemplary embodiment of a separating element according to the invention relating to the connection end fitting mode.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines
- Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the lines
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a separating element according to the invention relating to the mode with connection end fittings.
- Figure 7 is a sectional plan view taken along lines VII-VII of FIG. 6.
- Figure 8 is a plan sectional view taken along the lines
- Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines
- Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the lines
- Figure 11 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 6 illustrating another exemplary embodiment for the connecting endpieces of the separating element according to the invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a separating element according to the invention of identical design to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 but with an inlet and an outlet for the liquid medium, made asymmetrically.
- Figure 13 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 12, illustrating another exemplary embodiment with threaded connection ends.
- Figure 13A is a perspective view with a longitudinal section taken substantially along the lines A-A of FIG. 13.
- Figure 13B is a longitudinal sectional view taken substantially along lines B-B of FIG. 13.
- Figure 13C is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along lines C-C of FIG. 13.
- Figure 13D is a plan sectional view taken substantially along lines DD of FIG. 13.
- Figure 14 is a perspective view illustrating another embodiment of a separation element according to the invention relating to the mode with connection orifices, produced in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with the circulation veins of the liquid medium laid out perpendicular to the outer flat surfaces.
- Figure 15 is a plan sectional view taken along lines XV-XV of FIG. 14.
- Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines
- Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines
- Figure 18 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the lines XVIII-XVIII of FIG. 14.
- Figure 19 is a perspective view illustrating another embodiment of a separation element according to the invention relating to the mode with connection orifices, produced in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped and comprising a recovery system permeate only on the surface of the porous support.
- Figure 20 is a plan sectional view taken along the lines XX-XX of FIG. 19.
- Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines
- Figure 22 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the lines
- Figure 23 is a view in longitudinal section of an alternative embodiment similar to FIG. 22 and in which the circulation veins of the liquid medium are arranged in two superimposed rows.
- Figure 24 is a view illustrating in negative the circulation veins and the permeate recovery system of the alternative embodiment illustrated in FIG. 23.
- Figure 25 is a perspective view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a separation element according to the invention, relating to the mode with connection orifices produced in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped with the circulation veins of the liquid medium arranged parallel to the outer flat surfaces.
- Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines XXVI-XXVI of FIG. 25.
- Figure I is a longitudinal sectional view taken along lines XXVII-XXVII of FIG. 25.
- Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines XXVIII-XXVIII of FIG. 25.
- Figure 29 is a plan sectional view taken along lines XXIX-XXIX of FIG. 25.
- Figure 30 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of commercial equipment provided with connections for the connection of a separation element falling under the mode with connection orifices and conforming to one of the variants illustrated in Figs. 14 to 29.
- Figure 31 is an exploded view of the embodiment of the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 30.
- the object of the invention relates to a separation element 1, by tangential flow of a liquid medium M to be separated into a permeate or filtrate P and a retentate R.
- This liquid medium to be treated can be of any kind.
- the separating element 1 comprises a porous support 2 rigid inorganic monobloc having on one side, a first outer flat surface 3 and on an opposite side, a second outer flat surface 4 connected to the first outer flat surface by at least one connecting surface 5.
- At least two circulation veins 6 for the liquid medium to be treated are arranged in the porous support 2 by being provided on their inner faces with at least one separating layer.
- the porous support 2 has a rigid first flat outer surface 3 and a second flat outer surface 4 located opposite or vis-à-vis one another
- the separating element 1 has optimized geometry. It should be noted that in the example illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first outer flat surface 3 and the second outer flat surface 4 are not mutually parallel. According to a preferred embodiment variant illustrated in FIGS. 3 et seq., the first outer planar surface 3 and the second outer planar surface 4 are mutually parallel, offering the possibility of stacking the separating elements 1 on top of each other.
- the connecting surface 5 between these two outer planar surfaces 3, 4 can be produced in any appropriate manner, for example by a curved surface or a planar surface perpendicular to the outer planar surfaces 3, 4 by defining one or more connection faces.
- This connecting surface 5 can define, for example, two mutually parallel connecting faces as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 11 or four connecting faces parallel to each other two by two as illustrated in FIGS. 14 et seq. so that the porous support 2 has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
- the body constituting the porous support 2 has a porous texture.
- This porous texture is characterized by the average pore diameter. It is recalled that by average pore diameter is meant the d50 value of a volume distribution for which 50% of the total pore volume corresponds to the volume of pores with a diameter less than this d50.
- the volume distribution is the curve (analytical function) representing the frequencies of the pore volumes as a function of their diameter.
- the d50 corresponds to the median dividing into two equal parts the area located under the frequency curve obtained by mercury penetration.
- the porosity of the porous support which corresponds to the total volume of interconnected voids (pores) present in the material under consideration, is a physical quantity which conditions the flow and retention capacities of said porous body.
- the total interconnected open porosity must be at least 10% for a satisfactory flow of filtrate through the support, and at most 60% in order to guarantee an appropriate mechanical strength of the porous support.
- the porosity of a porous support can be measured by determining the volume of a liquid contained in said porous body by weighing said material before and after a prolonged stay in said liquid (water or other solvent). Knowing the respective densities of the material considered and of the liquid used, the mass difference, converted into volume, is directly representative of the volume of the pores and therefore of the total open porosity of the porous support.
- this technique which uses either neutron radiation or X-rays, gives access to physical quantities averaged over the entire sample.
- the measurement consists of analyzing the angular distribution of the intensity scattered by the sample;
- the porous support 2 has an average pore diameter belonging to the range from 0.5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the porosity of the porous support 2 is between 10 and 60%, preferably between 20 and 50%.
- the porosity of the porous support 2 is open, that is to say it forms a network of interconnected pores in three dimensions, which allows the fluid filtered by the separating layer(s) to pass through all or part of the porous support 2 as far as a system 7 for collecting the permeate P having passed through the separating layer(s).
- the permeate P collection system 7 is arranged in the porous support 2 or as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5, outside the porous support 2.
- the collection system 7 of the permeate P opens onto the outside of the porous support 2 by one or several orifices 8 or nozzles 9 for collecting the permeate communicating with an external circuit for recovering the permeate.
- an external permeate recovery circuit can be made in any appropriate way and comprises in particular, for example, either an apparatus provided with connections as described in FIGS. 30 and 31 when the collection system 7 opens onto the outside of the porous support 2 through orifices 8 or pipes provided with connections intended to be fixed in a sealed manner to the end pieces 9 when the collection system 7 opens onto the outside of the porous support 2 by such end pieces.
- the separating layer(s) used in the context of the invention ensure the filtration of the liquid medium to be treated.
- Filtration separator layers by definition, must have an average pore diameter smaller than that of the porous support.
- the separating layers delimit the surface of the tangential flow separation element intended to be in contact with the liquid medium to be treated and along which the liquid medium to be treated will circulate.
- the thicknesses of the separating filtration layers typically vary between 1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m in thickness.
- the separating layers have an average pore diameter smaller than the average pore diameter of the porous support.
- the average pore diameter of the separating filtration layers is at least less by a factor of 3, and preferably, by at least a factor of 5 with respect to that of the porous support.
- the microfiltration separator layers have an average pore diameter of between 0.1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m;
- the ultrafiltration separating layers have an average pore diameter of between 10 nm and 0.1 ⁇ m;
- the nanofiltration separating layers have an average pore diameter of between 0.5 nm and 10 nm.
- this micro or ultrafiltration layer called active layer, it is possible for this micro or ultrafiltration layer, called active layer, to be deposited directly on the porous support, or even on an intermediate layer of smaller average pore diameter, itself deposited directly on the porous support. .
- the separation layer may, for example, consist of a ceramic, chosen from oxides, nitrides, carbides or other ceramic materials and their mixtures, and, in particular, of titanium oxide, of alumina, zirconia or a mixture thereof, titanium nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide optionally mixed with another ceramic material.
- a ceramic chosen from oxides, nitrides, carbides or other ceramic materials and their mixtures, and, in particular, of titanium oxide, of alumina, zirconia or a mixture thereof, titanium nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide optionally mixed with another ceramic material.
- the separation layer can also, for example, consist of one or more polymers such as PAN, PS, PSS, PES, PVDF, cellulose acetate or other polymers.
- the separation element 1 comprises at least one internal connection system for the distribution 10 of the medium liquid to be treated, provided in the porous support 2 to distribute from at least one inlet 11 provided in the porous support 2, the liquid medium to be treated, in a series of circulation veins 6.
- the separation element 1 comprises also at least one internal connection system for the collection 12 of the treated liquid medium, arranged in the porous support 2 to collect up to at least one outlet 13 arranged in the porous support 2, the treated liquid medium coming from the series of veins circulation 2.
- the internal connection system for the distribution 10, the series of circulation veins 6 and the internal connection system for the collection 12 are formed by empty spaces for the circulation of the liquid medium c' that is to say by areas of the porous support 2 not comprising any porous material.
- the internal connection system for the distribution 10 is arranged so as to distribute the liquid medium in a series of circulation veins 6 from an inlet 11 for the liquid medium M arranged in the porous support 2.
- this internal connection system for distribution 10 comprises, from an inlet 11, a common inlet section 10e opening out into a bifurcation or crossing 10b produced by the porous support to comprise as many distribution channels as circulation veins 6
- the internal distribution connection system 10 opens via its inlet 11 onto the outside of the porous support 10 via one or more end pieces 15 or orifices 16 arranged at the level of an external flat surface 3, 4 or at an external connecting surface 5.
- the inlet 11 for the liquid medium to be treated communicates with an external circulation circuit which can be made in any appropriate way.
- This external circulation circuit comprises in particular, for example, either an apparatus provided with connections as described for example in FIGS. 30 and 31 when the internal connection system for distribution 10 opens onto the outside of the porous support 2 through orifices 16 or pipes provided with connections intended to be fixed in a sealed manner to the end pieces 15 when the internal connection system for the distribution 10 opens onto the outside of the porous support 2 via such end pieces 15.
- the internal connection system for the collection 12 is arranged in the porous support 2 to recover the liquid medium from the liquid streams and convey it to the outlet 13 arranged in the porous support 2 and ensuring the evacuation of the retentate R.
- the internal connection system for the collection 12 comprises, from an outlet 13, a common outlet section 12s opening into a branch or crossing 12e made by the porous support to comprise as many paths of collection only of circulation veins 6.
- the internal connection system for the collection 12 emerges via the outlet 13, on the outside of the porous support 2 by one or more end pieces 15 or orifices 16 arranged at the level of an outer planar surface 3, 4 or at the level of an outer connecting surface 5.
- the outlet 13 for the retentate communicates with an external circulation circuit which can be be done in any appropriate way.
- This external circulation circuit comprises in particular, for example, either an apparatus provided with connections as described for example in FIGS.
- the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and the internal connection system for the collection 12 are arranged asymmetrically on either side of the circulation veins 6. It should be noted that the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and the internal connection system for the collection 12 can be arranged symmetrically on either side of the circulation veins 6, as in the examples illustrated in FIGS. 3 and following.
- the separating element 1 comprises two circulation veins 6 communicating on one side with an inlet 11, via the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and on the opposite side with an outlet 13 via the internal connection system for collection 12.
- the separation element 1 may comprise between an inlet 11 and an outlet 13, a series of circulation veins 6 greater than two.
- the separation element 1 can comprise several inlets 11 and several outlets 13, as well as several series of circulation veins 6, each of which communicates with an inlet 11 and an outlet 13.
- the internal connection system 10 for the distribution of the liquid medium to be treated, the circulation veins 6 and the internal connection system for the collection 12 of the treated liquid medium are provided with at least one separator layer continuously deposited between the inlet 11 and the outlet 13 of the porous support 2 so that the liquid medium circulating in the porous support 2 between the inlet 11 and the outlet 13 is only in contact with said separator layer .
- the internal faces of the internal connection system for the distribution 10, of the circulation veins 6 and of the internal connection system for the collection 12 are provided with at least one separating layer. It follows that the liquid medium circulates in the porous support 2 while only being in contact with a separating layer.
- the circulation veins 6 for the liquid medium to be treated are arranged in the porous support 2 to each have a rectangular cross section defined by two long sides parallel to each other of length a and two short sides parallel to each other of width b.
- the rectangular cross section of the circulation veins 6 is taken perpendicular to the flow lines of the liquid to be treated.
- the sides of the rectangular cross section of the circulation veins 6 are not necessarily rectilinear.
- all the sides of the rectangular cross section of the circulation streams 6 are rectilinear.
- the rectangular cross section of the circulation veins 6 is constant along their entire length or extended, namely over the distance taken between the internal system connection for distribution 10 and the internal connection system for collection 12.
- one of the dimensions namely the width b of the short sides of the rectangular cross section
- the width b of the short sides of the rectangular straight section is between 4 and 80 times less than the length a of the long sides of the rectangular straight section of the circulation veins 6.
- the circulation veins 6 are arranged in the porous support 2 while not being parallel to each other.
- the circulation veins 6 are arranged in the porous support 2 parallel to each other. It should be noted that in the examples illustrated in Figs. 3 to 13 and 25 to 29, the circulation veins 6 are delimited by two parallel flat faces which are parallel to the two external flat surfaces 3, 4 of the porous support 2 whereas in the examples of FIGS. 14 to 24, the two parallel planar faces of the circulation veins 6 are perpendicular to the two outer planar surfaces 3, 4 of the porous support 2.
- the porous support 2 may comprise at least one circulation vein 6 with a flexuous volume while following the main direction of circulation of the fluid to be treated; a flexuous volume being defined by the displacement around a reference axis along a curvilinear trajectory, of a planar generating section, this reference axis not crossing said generating section and being contained in the volume of the porous support.
- At least one circulation vein has a periodic flexuous shape.
- FIG. 3 to 5 illustrate an embodiment of a separating element
- This separation element 1 made in the form of a flattened block of generally rectangular shape provided with end pieces 15 intended to be connected to an external circulation circuit for the liquid medium.
- This separation element 1 comprises a porous support 2 comprising a first outer planar surface 3 and a second outer planar surface 4 parallel to each other located opposite and connected to each other by a connecting surface 5 arranged to form two faces of connection parallel to each other and two end pieces 15 at each of the two opposite ends of the porous support 2.
- the end pieces 15 extend in a direction whose angle with respect to the main direction of circulation of the fluid to be treated is equal to 0°.
- the end pieces 15 can extend in different directions, such as in directions whose angles relative to the main direction of circulation of the liquid medium are between 0° and 90°.
- Two circulation veins 6 are arranged in the porous support 2 parallel to each other and facing each other and each have a rectangular cross section with a width at least four times less than the length. These two circulation veins 10 are parallel to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4. These circulation veins 6 are connected on one side with the internal connection system for the distribution 10 arranged in the porous support 2 and on the other side, with the internal connection system for the collection 12 arranged in the porous support 2.
- the internal connection system for the distribution 10 leads to the outside of the porous support
- the collection system 7 of the permeate P is not arranged in the porous support 2 so that the permeate is collected at the level of the outer flat surfaces 3, 4 and of the connecting surface 5. Also, the collection system 7 which is located outside the porous support 2, is produced by all systems suitable for recovering the permeate coming out of the outer surface of the porous support 2, as a receptacle.
- FIGs. 6 to 10 illustrate another embodiment of a separation element 1 made in the form of a flattened block of generally rectangular shape provided with end pieces 15 intended to be connected to an external circulation circuit for the liquid medium and end pieces 9 intended to connect to an external permeate collection circuit, the permeate collection system 7 arranged in the porous support 2 .
- This separation element 1 comprises a porous support 2 comprising a first outer flat surface 3 and a second outer flat surface 4 parallel to each other and opposite each other by being connected to each other by a connecting surface 5 arranged to form two parallel connecting faces 51 between they.
- These two connecting faces 51 are connected to each other at each of their ends, by the connecting surface 5 arranged to form, at one end, an end piece 15 delimiting the inlet 11 for the liquid medium and an end piece 9 for collecting the permeate and at the other end, a nozzle 15 for the outlet 13 of the retentate R and another nozzle 9 for collecting the permeate.
- the two end pieces 15 for the fluid medium and the retentate are aligned along the longitudinal axis of the separation element 1 while the permeate collection end pieces 9 are arranged symmetrically on either side. end pieces 15 for the fluid medium and the retentate.
- the end pieces 9, 15 extend in a direction whose angle relative to the main direction of circulation of the fluid to be treated is equal to 0° but it is clear that the end pieces 9, 15 can extend along different directions such as in directions whose angles relative to the main direction of circulation of the liquid medium are between 0° and 90°.
- Two veins 6 of circulation are arranged in the porous support 2 parallel to each other and each have a rectangular cross section with a width substantially thirty times less than the length. These two circulation veins 6 are parallel to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4. These circulation veins 6 are connected on one side with the system internal connection for distribution 10 and on the other side, with the internal connection system for collection 12.
- the internal connection system for distribution 10 comprises a common inlet section 10e formed by a tubular duct arranged in the endpiece 15 and leading to the outside of the porous support 2 at the end of the endpiece 15 , through entrance 11 (Fig. 10).
- the common inlet section 10e communicates opposite the inlet 11 via a bifurcation 10b arranged in the porous support, with the two circulation veins 6.
- the internal connection system for the collection 12 comprises a common outlet section 12s formed by a tubular duct arranged in the endpiece 15 and opening onto the outside of the porous support 2, at the end of the endpiece, via the outlet 13.
- the common outlet section 12s communicates with the opposite the outlet 13, via a 12th branch arranged in the porous support 2, with the two circulation veins 6.
- the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and the internal connection system for the collection 12 are arranged symmetrically on either side of the circulation veins 6, so that the end pieces 15 are centered on the longitudinal axis passing through the middle of the porous support 2.
- the internal faces of the internal connection system for the distribution 10, the internal faces of the circulation veins 6 and the faces internal connection system for internal collection 12 are provided with at least one separating layer.
- the collection system 7 for the permeate P is arranged in the porous support 2 so that the outer flat surfaces 3, 4 and the connecting surface 5 are sealed.
- the end pieces 15 delimiting the inlet 11 and the outlet 13 and the two end pieces 9 for collecting the permeate which are formed by the connecting surface 5, are also sealed externally.
- the collection system 7 comprises a network of eight channels 7a arranged in the support 2 parallel to each other according to the same plane and between the two veins circulation 6 to recover the permeate P having passed through the separating layer or layers and the support 2.
- the channels 7a are separated from each other by longitudinal partitions 2a and are separated from the circulation streams 6 by separating partitions 2b.
- channels 7a communicate with each other at each end, by a collecting channel 7c extending by a duct 7d arranged in an end piece 9 to emerge outside the porous support 2, at the end of the end piece 9.
- a first outlet nozzle 9 for the permeate P is arranged parallel to the nozzle 15 defining the inlet 11 for the liquid medium, while a second outlet nozzle 9 for the permeate P is arranged parallel to the tip 15 defining the outlet 13 for the liquid medium.
- the end pieces 9, 15 for connection respectively to an external permeate recovery circuit and to the liquid medium supply and retentate outlet circuits are of the fluted tubular type.
- the ends 9, 15 of connection can be arranged to present a connection system of a different type.
- Fig. 11 illustrates an embodiment of a separation element 1 identical to the example illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 10 with the difference that the end pieces 9, 15 are smooth.
- the end pieces 9, 15 can be threaded.
- FIGS. 12 and 13, 13A-13D illustrate another embodiment of a separation element 1 of identical design to the example illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 10, with the difference that the internal connection system 10 for the distribution of the liquid medium to be treated and the internal connection system 12 for the collection of the treated liquid medium are arranged asymmetrically on either side of the veins of circulation 6.
- the common elements between the separating element 1 described in FIGS. 6 to 10 and this other embodiment will not be repeated.
- the end piece 15 defining the inlet 11 for the liquid medium is offset on one side with respect to the longitudinal axis passing through the middle of the porous support 2 while the end piece 15 defining the outlet 13 for the permeate P is offset on the other side with respect to the longitudinal axis passing through the middle of the porous support 2.
- the separation element 1 comprises at each of its ends, an outlet nozzle 9 for the permeate P extending symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis passing through the middle of the porous support 2A, with a tip 15 defining the inlet 11 or the outlet 13.
- this separation element 1 of generally flattened rectangular shape thus comprises, at a first end, an end piece 15 defining the inlet 11 and aligned with an outlet end piece 9 for the permeate located at the second end. while this second end is provided with a nozzle 15 defining the outlet 13 and aligned with an outlet nozzle 9 for the permeate.
- Six circulation veins 6 are arranged in the porous support 2 parallel to each other and each have a rectangular cross section with a width of the short sides substantially 50 times less than the length of the long sides. These six circulation veins 6 are parallel to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4. These circulation veins 6 are connected on one side with the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and on the other side, with the internal connection system for collection 12.
- the internal connection system for distribution 10 comprises a common inlet section 10e formed by a tubular duct arranged in the endpiece 15 and leading to the outside of the porous support 2 at the end of the endpiece 15 , through inlet 11 (FIG. 13B).
- the common inlet section 10e communicates opposite the inlet 11 via a bifurcation 10b arranged in the porous support 2, with the six circulation veins 6.
- the internal connection system for the collection 12 comprises a common outlet section 12s formed by a tubular duct arranged in the end piece 15 and opening onto the outside of the porous support 2, at the end of the end piece, via the outlet 13 (FIG. 13A).
- the common outlet section 12s communicates opposite the outlet 13, via a 12th branch arranged in the porous support 2, with the six circulation veins 6.
- the internal connection system for distribution 10 and the internal connection system for collection 12 are arranged asymmetrically on either side of the circulation veins 6.
- the internal faces of the internal connection system for the distribution 10, the internal faces of the circulation veins 6 and the internal faces of the internal connection system for collection 12 are provided with at least one separating layer.
- the collection system 7 for the permeate P is arranged in the porous support 2 so that the outer flat surfaces 3, 4 and the connecting surface 5 are sealed.
- the end pieces 15 delimiting the inlet 11 and the outlet 13 and the two end pieces 9 for collecting the permeate which are formed by the connecting surface 5, are also sealed externally.
- the collection system 7 comprises a network of seven channels 7a arranged parallel to each other and to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4, each in the form of a layer.
- the channels 7a are interposed between the circulation veins 6 and the flat outer surfaces 3, 4, being separated from the circulation veins 6 by partitions 2b so as to recover the permeate P having passed through the separating layer(s) and the partitions 2b of the support 2.
- These channels 7a communicate with each other via a collection chamber 7c extending by a duct 7d arranged in each end piece 9 to emerge outside the porous support 2, at the end of the end piece 9, as illustrated in Fig. 13D for example.
- Fig. 13D shows the shape of the partitions 2b arranged in the porous support 2 to delimit the channels 7a but also the bifurcation 10b and the branch 12e.
- FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment of a separation element 1 for which the end pieces 9, 15 are smooth whereas in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13, the ends 9, 15 are threaded.
- FIGS. 14 to 18 illustrate another exemplary embodiment of a separation element 1 relating to the mode with connection orifices and produced in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped block intended to be mounted in an apparatus 20 illustrated in FIGS. 30 and 31 and provided with connections to ensure on the one hand the inlet of the liquid medium to be treated and the outlet of the retentate as well as on the other hand the collection permeate.
- This separation element 1 comprises a porous support 2 comprising a first outer planar surface 3 and a second outer planar surface 4 parallel to each other and opposite to each other, being connected to each other by a connecting surface 5 arranged to form two large connecting faces 5g parallel to each other and connected to each other at their ends by two small connecting faces 5p parallel to each other.
- the separation element 1 comprises five inlets 11 for the liquid medium M and five outlets 13 for the retentate R opening out onto the outside of the porous support 10 through orifices 16 arranged at the level of the outer flat surface 3, or also as illustrated in FIG. 17, at the level of the second outer surface 4 to allow superimposed mounting of the separation elements 1 and communication for the fluid medium between the separation elements.
- the separation element 1 also comprises two superimposed rows of five series of circulation veins 6, each of which communicates with an inlet 11 via the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and an outlet 13 via the internal connection system for collection 12.
- three series comprise three circulation veins 6 while two series comprise two circulation veins 6.
- These circulation veins 6 are arranged in the porous support 2 parallel to each other, being separated by partitions of separation 2b. These circulation veins 6 each have a rectangular cross section with a width substantially ten times less than the length. These circulation veins 6 are perpendicular to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4.
- These circulation veins 6 are connected on one side with the internal connection system for the distribution 10 comprising for each series of circulation veins, an inlet section 10th common formed by a tubular conduit communicating via a bifurcation 10b arranged in the porous support 2, with all the veins of a series and emerging on at least one and in the example illustrated on the two external flat surfaces 3, 4 through the orifices 16.
- circulation veins 6 are connected on the other side, with the internal system connection for the collection 12 comprising for each series of circulation veins, a common outlet section 12s formed by a tubular conduit communicating via a branch 12e arranged in the porous support 2, with all the veins of a series and leading to at least least one, and in the example shown, on the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4, through the orifices 16.
- the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and the internal connection system for the collection 12 are arranged in the porous support 2 symmetrically on either side of the veins. of circulation 6, with the orifices 16 arranged along two lines symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis parallel to the large connecting faces 5g and passing through the middle of the porous support 2.
- the common inlet sections 10e and the common outlet sections 12s extend parallel to a direction which is perpendicular to the flat outer surfaces 3, 4 but also perpendicular to the main direction of circulation of the liquid medium.
- the common input sections 10e are arranged parallel to and close to a large connecting face 5g while the common output sections 12s are arranged parallel to and close to the other large connecting face 5g.
- the number of circulation veins 6 per series, the number of series of circulation veins 6 and the number of rows of circulation veins 6 are given solely by way of illustration.
- the internal faces of the internal connection system for the distribution 10 the internal faces of the circulation veins 6 and the internal faces of the internal connection system for the collection 12 are provided with at least one separating layer.
- the collection system 7 for the permeate P is arranged in the porous support 2 but also recessed in at least one and, in the example illustrated, the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4 of the porous support 2 for collecting the permeate having passed through the separating layer or layers.
- the collection system 7 thus comprises, as illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 18, a hand, four series of three superimposed channels 7e arranged in the porous support 2 between the two external flat surfaces 3, 4 and between two neighboring series of circulation veins 6 and on the other hand, a gutter 7f arranged in each external flat surface 3 , 4, in line with each series of channels.
- the three channels 7e and the two gutters 7f of each of these series communicate at each end with tubular cavities 7g opening out through orifices 8 arranged on at least one and in the example illustrated, on the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4.
- the tubular cavities 7g are arranged parallel to each other but also parallel to the common inlet sections 10e and to the common outlet sections 12s.
- part of the tubular cavities 7g and the common inlet sections 10e are arranged in the same plane while another part of the tubular cavities 7g and the common outlet sections 12s are arranged in the same plane.
- FIGs. 19 to 24 illustrate another exemplary embodiment of a separating element 1 relating to the mode with connection orifices and produced in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped.
- This exemplary embodiment is identical in design to the example illustrated in FIGS. 14 to 18, with the difference that the permeate recovery system 7 is produced only on the surface of the porous support 2.
- This separation element 1 comprises a porous support 2 comprising a first flat outer surface 3 and a second flat outer surface 4 parallel between they are opposite to each other while being connected to each other by a connecting surface 5 arranged to form two large connecting faces 5g parallel to each other and connected to each other at their ends by two small connecting faces 5p parallel to each other .
- the separation element 1 comprises five inlets 11 for the liquid medium M and five outlets 13 for the retentate R opening out onto the outside of the porous support 10 through orifices 16 arranged at the level of the flat outer surface 3, or even also as shown in Fig. 21, at the level of the second outer surface 4 to allow superimposed mounting of the separation elements 1.
- the separating element 1 comprises a row of five series of circulation veins 6, each of which communicates with an inlet 11 via the internal connection system for distribution 10 and an outlet 13 via the internal system connection for the collection 12.
- the number of circulation veins 6 per series, the number of series of circulation veins 6 and the number of rows of circulation veins 6 are given solely by way of illustration.
- Figs. 23 and 24 illustrate a variant embodiment identical to the variant embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 19 to 22 with the difference that the circulation veins 6 are distributed in two superimposed rows.
- Each row has five series of circulation veins 6, the three central series of which each have six circulation veins 6, while the two end series located near the small connecting faces 5p each have four circulation veins 6.
- These circulation veins 6 are arranged in the porous support 2 parallel to each other and each have a rectangular cross section with a width substantially ten times less than the length. These circulation veins 6 are perpendicular to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4.
- circulation veins 6 are connected on one side with the internal connection system for the distribution 10 arranged in the porous support 2 and comprising for each series of veins of circulation, a common inlet section 10th formed by a tubular duct communicating, via a bifurcation 10b arranged in the porous support 2, with all the veins of a series and leading to at least one and in the example illustrated on the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4 by the orifices 16.
- circulation veins 6 are connected on the other side, with the internal connection system for the collection 12 arranged in the porous support 2 and also comprising for each series of veins traffic, a common outlet section 12s formed by a tubular duct communicating via a 12th branch arranged in the porous support, with all the veins of a series and opening on at least one, and in the example illustrated on the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4 through the orifices 16.
- the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and the internal connection system for the collection 12 are arranged symmetrically on either side of the veins of circulation 6, with the orifices 16 arranged along two lines symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis parallel to the large connecting faces 5g and passing through the middle of the porous support 2.
- the internal faces of the internal system of connection for the distribution 10, the internal faces of the circulation veins 6 and the internal faces of the internal connection system for the collection 12 are provided with at least one separating layer.
- the collection system 7 of the permeate P is not arranged inside the porous support 2 but only recessed in at least one and in the example illustrated, the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4 of the support porous 2 to collect the permeate having passed through the separating layer or layers.
- the collection system 7 thus comprises, as illustrated in FIGS. 19 to 24, four series of two superimposed gutters 7f arranged in the outer flat surfaces 3, 4, as already described in the example illustrated in FIGS. 14 to 18.
- the two gutters 7f of each of these series communicate at each end with tubular cavities 7g provided in the porous support, opening out through orifices 8 provided on at least one and, in the example illustrated, on both outer flat surfaces 3, 4.
- FIGS. 30 and 31 illustrate another exemplary embodiment of a separation element 1 relating to the mode with connection orifices and produced in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped block intended to be mounted in an apparatus 20 illustrated in FIGS.
- This exemplary embodiment differs from the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 14 to 18 insofar as the circulation veins 6 are arranged parallel to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4 unlike the example of FIGS. 14 to 18 for which the circulation veins 6 are arranged perpendicular to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4.
- This separation element 1 comprises a porous support 2 comprising a first outer planar surface 3 and a second outer planar surface 4 parallel to each other and opposite to each other, being connected to each other by a connecting surface 5 arranged to form two large connecting faces 5g parallel to each other and connected to each other at their ends by two small connecting faces 5p parallel to each other.
- the separation element 1 has five inlets 11 for the liquid medium M and five outlets 13 for the retentate R leading to the outside of the porous support 10 through orifices 16 arranged at the level of the outer planar surface 3, or even also as illustrated in FIG. 26, at the level of the second outer surface 4 to allow superposed mounting of the separation elements 1.
- the separation element 1 also comprises circulation veins 6 provided in the porous support to communicate with the inlets 11 via the internal connection system for distribution 10 and the outlets 13 via the internal connection system for collection 12.
- the circulation veins 6 are arranged on four superimposed floors by forming two series of four superimposed circulation veins and three of four pairs of superimposed circulation veins.
- each floor the circulation veins 6 are separated by partitions 2c made by the porous support 2 extending parallel to each other and to the main direction of circulation of the medium liquid between entries 11 and the outlets 13 of the liquid medium.
- these partitions 2c are not continuous from one end to the other of the porous support, thus allowing communication between the circulation veins 6 of each floor, at the level of the inlets 11 and the outlets 13 of the liquid medium.
- circulation veins 6 are arranged in the porous support 2 parallel to each other and parallel to the outer flat surfaces 3, 4. These circulation veins 6 each have a rectangular cross section with a width at least four times less than the length. These circulation veins 6 are connected on one side with the internal connection system for distribution 10 comprising, for each series of circulation veins, a common inlet section 10e formed by a tubular conduit communicating via a bifurcation 10b, with all the veins of a series and opening on at least one and in the example illustrated on the two external flat surfaces 3, 4 by the orifices 16 and on the other side, with the internal connection system for the collection 12 comprising for each series of circulation veins, a common outlet section 12s formed by a tubular conduit communicating via a branch 12e with all the veins of a series and leading to at least one, and in the example illustrated on the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4 through the orifices 16.
- the internal connection system for distribution 10 comprising, for each series of circulation veins, a common inlet section 10e formed by
- the internal connection system for the distribution 10 and the internal connection system for the collection 12 are arranged in the porous support 2 symmetrically on either side of the veins. of circulation 6, with the orifices 16 arranged along two lines symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis parallel to the large connecting faces 5g and passing through the middle of the porous support 2.
- the common inlet sections 10e and the common outlet sections 12s extend parallel to a direction which is perpendicular to the flat outer surfaces 3, 4 but also perpendicular to the main direction of circulation of the liquid medium.
- the common entry sections 10e are laid out parallel to and close to a large connecting face 5g while the common outlet sections 12s are arranged parallel to and close to the other large connecting face 5g.
- the number of circulation veins 6 per series, the number of series of circulation veins 6 and the number of rows of circulation veins 6 are given solely by way of illustration.
- the internal faces of the internal connection system for the distribution 10 the internal faces of the circulation veins 6 and the internal faces of the internal connection system for the collection 12 are provided with at least one separating layer.
- the permeate P collection system 7 is arranged in the porous support 2 but also recessed in at least one and, in the example illustrated, the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4 of the porous support 2 to collecting the permeate having passed through the separating layer or layers.
- the collection system 7 thus comprises, as illustrated in FIGS. 25, 27 and 28, three superimposed collection layers 7j arranged in the porous support 2 between the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4 and between two neighboring floors of circulation veins 6 as well as a recessed zone 7k arranged in each flat surface exterior 3, 4.
- the collection sheets 7j are interposed between two adjacent circulation streams 6, being separated from the circulation streams 6 by partition walls 2b.
- stiffening ribs 7n are arranged in the porous support parallel to each other to delimit parallel channels joining at each of their ends to lead from each side, to a series of four tubular cavities 7g opening out via orifices 8 arranged on at least one and in the example illustrated, on the two outer flat surfaces 3, 4.
- the tubular cavities 7g are arranged parallel to each other but also parallel to the common input sections 10e and to the common output sections 12s.
- a first series of tubular cavities 7g and the common inlet sections 10e are arranged in the same plane while that a second series of tubular cavities 7g and the common outlet sections 12s are arranged in the same plane.
- stiffening ribs 7n produced by the porous support are arranged projecting into the flat outer surfaces 3, 4 parallel to each other so that each recessed zone 7k has parallel channels meeting at each of their ends to lead on each side to a series of four tubular cavities 7g.
- the three layers of channels 7j and the two recessed areas 7k of each of these series communicate at each end with tubular cavities 7g opening out through orifices 8 provided on at least one and in the example illustrated, on both surfaces outer planes 3, 4.
- Figs. 30 and 31 illustrate an embodiment of commercial equipment 20 provided with connections for the connection of at least one separation element 1 falling under the mode with connection orifices 8, 16 and conforming to one of the variants illustrated in Fig. 14 to 29.
- This apparatus 20 provided with one or more separation elements 1 thus form a separation unit for a fluid medium of all types.
- the apparatus 20 comprises a connection plate 21 on which is intended to be fixed by threaded rods 22 and nuts 23, at least one separation element 1 mounted in a sealed manner by seals 24, between this plate of connection 21 and a counter-clamping plate 26.
- connection plate 21 comprises orifices 21M positioned to communicate on the one hand with the orifices 16 of the inlets 11 of the separation element 1 and on the other hand, with a circuit feed of the liquid medium 27 of which only a part is shown in the drawings.
- the connection plate 21 also comprises orifices 21 R positioned to communicate on the one hand with the orifices 16 of the outlets 13 of the separation element 1 and on the other hand, with a retentate recovery circuit 28 of which only part is shown in the drawings .
- the connection plate 21 also comprises orifices 21 P positioned to communicate on the one hand with the orifices 8 of the permeate collection system and on the other hand, with an external permeate recovery circuit 29.
- the manufacture of the porous support 2, or even of the separation element as a whole can be carried out using an additive technique, the process consisting in obtaining one-piece parts by adding or agglomeration of material, the object taking shape as successive layers are stacked.
- this additive method is configured or adapted so that the porosity of the porous material of the porous support ensures the routing of the permeate having passed through the separating layer or layers.
- the process has the advantage, compared to other techniques such as the assembly by gluing of different parts manufactured separately, of producing the support in a single production step and of allowing access to a wide range of shapes and sizes. development of the circulation veins for the liquid medium to be treated and for the collection of the permeate.
- the SLS Selective Laser Sintering
- FDM Fused Deposition Modeling
- PEM Paste Extrusion Modeling
- BJ Binder Jetting
- the thickness of the powder bed and therefore of each successively consolidated stratum is relatively small to allow its connection to the lower stratum, by application of an energy supply (SLS) or the projection of a binder liquid (BJ).
- SLS energy supply
- BJ binder liquid
- a thickness of 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m of powder will be deposited, this thickness depending on the additive technique selected. It is the repetition of the binary sequence depositing a bed of powder followed by consolidation which allows, layer after layer, to build the desired three-dimensional shape.
- the reason for consolidation may vary from one stratum to another.
- the growth of desired three-dimensional shape is achieved along a chosen direction of growth.
- the thickness of a stratum is defined by a set of cords , whether continuous or discontinuous, juxtaposed or not juxtaposed, which are extruded at the same altitude taken along the chosen direction of growth.
- the material constituting the porous support has a maximum admissible bending stress of at least 10 MPa, this characteristic resulting from the three-dimensional continuity and the three-dimensional homogeneity that allow the additive techniques of on the one hand and the necessary post sintering heat treatment on the other hand.
- the difference in pressure of the liquid medium between the separating layer and the outlet surface of the permeate commonly corresponds to what those skilled in the art call the transmembrane pressure (TMP).
- TMP transmembrane pressure
- This pressure difference is defined in the context of the invention by the average of the feed pressures P A (this is the absolute pressure measured at the inlet of the liquid medium to be treated) and retentate P R (this is the absolute pressure measured at the outlet of the treated liquid medium) from which is subtracted either the absolute pressure P P measured in the collection system 7 of the permeate when the latter is arranged in the porous support 2, or the atmospheric pressure Pa when the collection system 7 is arranged outside the porous support 2.
- the transmembrane pressure (PTM) is such that:
- the porous support 2 is defined so that no degradation by rupture of the porous material does not appear for a pressure difference of the liquid medium greater than or equal to 1 bar.
- Such a rupture is immediately observable by a drop in the transmembrane pressure defined as the pressure difference of the liquid medium between the separating layer and the outlet surface of the permeate on the one hand as well as by an increase in the flow present in the permeate collection system on the other hand.
- the flow rate of treated liquid being abnormally increased by that of the untreated liquid, this mixture of permeate and retentate causes the rupture to render the use of the separation element unsuitable. This is then considered destroyed and must be replaced.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA3196863A CA3196863A1 (fr) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | Element de separation d'un milieu liquide a contrainte de cisaillement parietale elevee |
JP2023530828A JP2023551205A (ja) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | 高い壁面せん断応力で液体媒体を分離するためのエレメント |
MX2023005173A MX2023005173A (es) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | Elemento para separar un medio liquido con un esfuerzo cortante parietal alto. |
AU2021383406A AU2021383406A1 (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | Element for separating a liquid medium with high parietal shear stress |
KR1020237021419A KR20230113583A (ko) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | 높은 벽측 전단응력을 갖는 액체 매질을 분리하기 위한 요소 |
EP21830448.3A EP4247524A1 (fr) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | Element de separation d'un milieu liquide a contrainte de cisaillement parietale elevee |
US18/250,819 US20230405529A1 (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | Element for separating a liquid medium with high parietal shear stress |
CN202180078746.2A CN116472099A (zh) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | 用于分离具有高的壁剪切应力的液体介质的元件 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2012009A FR3116446B1 (fr) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Elément de séparation d’un milieu liquide à contrainte de cisaillement pariétale élevée |
FRFR2012009 | 2020-11-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022106786A1 true WO2022106786A1 (fr) | 2022-05-27 |
Family
ID=74553987
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2021/052038 WO2022106786A1 (fr) | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-19 | Element de separation d'un milieu liquide a contrainte de cisaillement parietale elevee |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230405529A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4247524A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2023551205A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20230113583A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN116472099A (fr) |
AR (1) | AR124106A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2021383406A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3196863A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3116446B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2023005173A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022106786A1 (fr) |
Citations (6)
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FR1993E (fr) | 1901-06-07 | 1903-11-24 | Societe Charpentier Fils Aine Et A. Neveu | Table scolaire |
FR2696653A1 (fr) | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-15 | Lescoche Philippe | Unité inorganique de filtration comportant au moins un réseau intégré de circulation d'un milieu liquide à traiter et/ou du filtrat récupéré. |
EP0787524A1 (fr) * | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-06 | Corning Incorporated | Dispositif pour modifier un stock d'alimentation, procédé de fabrication et d'utilisation |
WO2011150216A1 (fr) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Dispositif respiratoire de poumon artificiel microfabriqué et procédés d'utilisation et de fabrication de celui-ci |
FR3024665A1 (fr) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-02-12 | Technologies Avancees Et Membranes Ind | Element de separation par flux tangentiel integrant des obstacles a la circulation et procede de fabrication |
WO2016024056A1 (fr) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-02-18 | Technologies Avancees Et Membranes Industrielles | Nouvelles geometries d'elements tubulaires multicanaux de separation par flux tangentiel integrant des promoteurs de turbulences et procede de fabrication |
-
2020
- 2020-11-23 FR FR2012009A patent/FR3116446B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-11-19 AU AU2021383406A patent/AU2021383406A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-19 JP JP2023530828A patent/JP2023551205A/ja active Pending
- 2021-11-19 WO PCT/FR2021/052038 patent/WO2022106786A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-11-19 KR KR1020237021419A patent/KR20230113583A/ko unknown
- 2021-11-19 MX MX2023005173A patent/MX2023005173A/es unknown
- 2021-11-19 EP EP21830448.3A patent/EP4247524A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-11-19 US US18/250,819 patent/US20230405529A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-19 AR ARP210103205A patent/AR124106A1/es unknown
- 2021-11-19 CN CN202180078746.2A patent/CN116472099A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-19 CA CA3196863A patent/CA3196863A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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FR1993E (fr) | 1901-06-07 | 1903-11-24 | Societe Charpentier Fils Aine Et A. Neveu | Table scolaire |
FR2696653A1 (fr) | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-15 | Lescoche Philippe | Unité inorganique de filtration comportant au moins un réseau intégré de circulation d'un milieu liquide à traiter et/ou du filtrat récupéré. |
EP0787524A1 (fr) * | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-06 | Corning Incorporated | Dispositif pour modifier un stock d'alimentation, procédé de fabrication et d'utilisation |
WO2011150216A1 (fr) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Dispositif respiratoire de poumon artificiel microfabriqué et procédés d'utilisation et de fabrication de celui-ci |
FR3024665A1 (fr) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-02-12 | Technologies Avancees Et Membranes Ind | Element de separation par flux tangentiel integrant des obstacles a la circulation et procede de fabrication |
WO2016024056A1 (fr) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-02-18 | Technologies Avancees Et Membranes Industrielles | Nouvelles geometries d'elements tubulaires multicanaux de separation par flux tangentiel integrant des promoteurs de turbulences et procede de fabrication |
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GUDDATI SUBHASH ET AL: "Recent advancements in additive manufacturing technologies for porous material applications", THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, SPRINGER, LONDON, vol. 105, no. 1-4, 5 August 2019 (2019-08-05), pages 193 - 215, XP036930776, ISSN: 0268-3768, [retrieved on 20190805], DOI: 10.1007/S00170-019-04116-Z * |
LOW ZE-XIAN ET AL: "Perspective on 3D printing of separation membranes and comparison to related unconventional fabrication techniques", JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, ELSEVIER BV, NL, vol. 523, 8 October 2016 (2016-10-08), pages 596 - 613, XP029823542, ISSN: 0376-7388, DOI: 10.1016/J.MEMSCI.2016.10.006 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3196863A1 (fr) | 2022-05-27 |
JP2023551205A (ja) | 2023-12-07 |
AU2021383406A1 (en) | 2023-06-15 |
EP4247524A1 (fr) | 2023-09-27 |
US20230405529A1 (en) | 2023-12-21 |
MX2023005173A (es) | 2023-07-20 |
FR3116446B1 (fr) | 2022-11-25 |
KR20230113583A (ko) | 2023-07-31 |
FR3116446A1 (fr) | 2022-05-27 |
AR124106A1 (es) | 2023-02-15 |
CN116472099A (zh) | 2023-07-21 |
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