WO2022105851A1 - Control circuit for thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, and method - Google Patents

Control circuit for thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022105851A1
WO2022105851A1 PCT/CN2021/131639 CN2021131639W WO2022105851A1 WO 2022105851 A1 WO2022105851 A1 WO 2022105851A1 CN 2021131639 W CN2021131639 W CN 2021131639W WO 2022105851 A1 WO2022105851 A1 WO 2022105851A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
sampling
dividing resistor
control
output
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PCT/CN2021/131639
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李俊宝
彭振生
周海强
戴永如
管伟献
Original Assignee
多美达瑞典有限公司
多美达(珠海)科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022105851A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022105851A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerators, and more particularly, to a control circuit and a control method of a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator.
  • refrigerators have also become a basic configuration in other outdoor leisure or accommodation occasions.
  • this includes not only traditional compressor refrigerators, but also absorption refrigerators and thermoelectric refrigeration (ie semiconductor) refrigerators; especially thermoelectric refrigerators, because of their low cost, random tilt, and light weight, etc. Make it occupy a larger market in the field of mobile refrigerators, such as hotels or retail markets.
  • thermoelectric refrigerator uses the Peltier refrigeration element (ie, the refrigeration sheet) and the Peltier principle, through the direct current, and then configuring the heat exchanger (such as heat dissipation aluminum and fan, etc.), the cooling capacity can be continuously generated.
  • the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator to have the following advantages: low cost, light weight, and easy to manufacture into a refrigerator with a smaller size; and the refrigeration system is not affected by the direction, and random tilting does not affect refrigeration, so it is especially suitable for mobile refrigerators.
  • the thermoelectric refrigerator itself also has the following disadvantages: for example, a DC power supply must be used for power supply; therefore, an AC/DC adapter needs to be configured during use, and the cost will increase significantly.
  • an AC/DC switching power supply and a control board are usually used to control the power supply voltage of the cooling chip to adjust the cooling power.
  • the switching power supply converts alternating current (AC) to a fixed direct current (DC) voltage, such as 12V, and supplies it to a control board, which (for example, through a DC/DC step-down circuit provided thereon) can adjust, for example, 12V
  • the DC voltage to different voltages is applied to the refrigerating plate for controlling the temperature of the refrigerator.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to reduce/save the electric control cost of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator. Therefore, the present invention proposes a new control circuit and method for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator.
  • thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator comprising:
  • the output voltage of the output adjustable switching power supply is used for supplying power to the refrigeration slices of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator;
  • control unit configured to receive the inside temperature of the thermoelectric refrigerator, its set temperature, and the working voltage currently supplied to the refrigerating plate, so as to generate electricity according to the inside temperature, the set temperature and the working voltage And send the corresponding control signal;
  • the output adjustable switching power supply includes a voltage division sampling adjustment module for sampling the output voltage, which has a voltage division sampling terminal, and the voltage division sampling adjustment module is configured to receive and according to the corresponding control unit sent by the control unit. signal to adjust the divided voltage to generate the voltage at the sampling terminal of the divided voltage;
  • the output adjustable switching power supply also includes a voltage regulator module, a feedback module and a switch control module;
  • the feedback module is configured to feed back the comparison result to the switch control module, so as to control the increase of the output voltage through the switch control module until The voltage at the voltage divider sampling terminal is equal to the reference voltage;
  • the feedback module is configured to feed back the comparison result to the switch control module, so that the switch control module controls the drop of the output voltage until The voltage at the divided voltage sampling terminal is equal to the reference voltage.
  • the control unit collects data parameters, that is, the temperature inside the thermoelectric refrigerating refrigerator, its set temperature, and the working voltage of the refrigerating plate currently supplied to the thermoelectric refrigerating refrigerator And according to the relevant data parameters, a corresponding control signal is generated and sent to the switching power supply, so that the switching power supply can adjust the output voltage it supplies to the refrigeration chip according to the control signal, that is, an output adjustable switching power supply is formed to supply power to the refrigeration chip; thus There is no need to use the traditional DC/DC step-down circuit provided on the control board in the prior art, so that the electrical control cost of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator can be significantly reduced.
  • control circuit of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator according to the first aspect of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the voltage division sampling adjustment module forms a voltage division resistor combination corresponding to the control signal to adjust the voltage division, so as to generate the voltage division at the voltage division sampling terminal. Voltage.
  • the voltage division sampling adjustment module includes an NPN transistor, a first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor, a third voltage dividing resistor, a fourth voltage dividing resistor, and a filter capacitor; wherein the NPN triode has a The base is used to receive the corresponding control signal generated and sent by the control unit; wherein the first voltage dividing resistor is connected in series with the second voltage dividing resistor, and one end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to the output of the output adjustable switching power supply Voltage terminal, one end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded, the third voltage dividing resistor is connected in series with the fourth voltage dividing resistor, and one end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected to the common of the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor connection terminal, one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the collector of the NPN triode; wherein the filtering capacitor is connected between the common connection terminal of the third voltage dividing resistor and the fourth
  • the voltage regulator module is a three-terminal voltage regulator, wherein the reference input of the three-terminal voltage regulator is connected to the voltage division sampling terminal of the voltage division sampling adjustment module.
  • the feedback module is an optocoupler, wherein the optocoupler includes a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor on the main side of the high-voltage power supply; and the switch control module is a PWM control chip with a built-in switch MOSFET; wherein the light-emitting diode The anode is connected to the output voltage terminal of the output adjustable switching power supply through a current limiting resistor, the cathode of the light-emitting diode is connected to the cathode of the three-terminal voltage regulator; and the emitter of the phototransistor is connected to the control of the PWM control chip pin.
  • control unit is a microcontroller
  • the microcontroller is configured to receive the temperature inside the thermoelectric refrigerator, its set temperature, and the operating voltage currently supplied to the refrigerator, so as to According to the temperature in the box, the set temperature and the working voltage, a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle is generated and sent to the voltage division adjustment module.
  • the output voltage terminal of the output adjustable switching power supply can be connected to the input terminal of the boost control circuit, and the output voltage of the boost control circuit is used to power the rest of the loads in the thermoelectric refrigerator.
  • the output voltage terminal of the boost control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the linear voltage regulator circuit, and the output voltage of the linear voltage regulator circuit is used to power the control unit.
  • the output adjustable switching power supply and the control unit are both disposed on the control panel of the thermoelectric refrigerator.
  • thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator comprising the following steps:
  • step S2 generating corresponding control signals according to the temperature in the box, the set temperature and the working voltage data obtained in step S1;
  • step S3 according to the control signal generated in step S2, sample and divide the voltage output to the refrigerating chip to generate a divided voltage sampling voltage adjusted according to the control signal;
  • step S4 compare the magnitudes of the divided voltage sampling voltage and the reference voltage generated according to step S3, if the divided voltage sampling voltage is less than the reference voltage, go to step S5, if the divided voltage sampling voltage is greater than the reference voltage, go to step S5 S6;
  • thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator in the prior art
  • thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator with a control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an output adjustable switching power supply in the control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram according to an embodiment of the control scheme of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator having the control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of some functional modules in the functional module block diagram shown in Fig. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a control method for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator according to the second aspect of the present invention.
  • the voltage division sampling adjustment module (ie, sampling circuit) of the output adjustable switching power supply 10 is basically mainly composed of NPN triode T17 and the first to fourth Voltage divider resistors R19, R27, R76 and R77 and filter capacitor E10 are formed, and the voltage regulator module in the voltage regulator loop of the output adjustable switching power supply 10 selects a three-terminal voltage regulator U4, and the output voltage regulator loop of the adjustable switching power supply 10 is selected.
  • the feedback module in the road selects the optocoupler U2, the switch control module selects the PWM control chip U3 with built-in switch MOSFET, and the control unit selects the microcontroller 20 as an example.
  • the pin 1 of the NPN transistor T17 forms the receiving end of the control signal output by the microcontroller 20, for example, the control signal output end of the microcontroller 20 and the grounded pin 2 of the NPN transistor T17, That is, the emitter is connected in series with two resistors in series, wherein the base of the NPN transistor T17 is connected to the common connection terminal of the two resistors; the first voltage dividing resistor R19 is connected in series with the second voltage dividing resistor R27, the One end of the first voltage dividing resistor R19 is connected to the output voltage terminal VDD of the output adjustable switching power supply, one end of the second voltage dividing resistor R27 is grounded, the third voltage dividing resistor R76 is connected in series with the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77, the One end of the third voltage dividing resistor R76 is connected to the common connection terminal of
  • the pin 2 of the three-terminal voltage regulator U4, that is, the reference input pole, is connected to the voltage divider sampling terminal R; the optocoupler U2 includes a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor on the main side of the high-voltage power supply.
  • the pin of the optocoupler U2 1, the anode of the light-emitting diode, is connected to the output voltage terminal VDD of the output adjustable switching power supply via the current limiting resistor R18, and the pin 2 of the optocoupler U2, that is, the cathode of the light-emitting diode, is connected to the three-terminal regulator Pin 1 of U4, that is, the cathode; and pin 3 of the optocoupler, that is, the emitter of the phototransistor, are connected to the control pin C of the PWM control chip U3, and the switch MOSFET built in the PWM control chip U3 The operation of the power conversion circuit for controlling the output adjustable switching power supply 10 is used.
  • the microcontroller 20 performs data collection, such as collecting the temperature Tc of the thermoelectric refrigerator through the NTC sensor, collecting the set temperature Ts through the operation panel, and collecting the working voltage Vc currently supplied to the refrigeration plate 30 through resistance sampling (that is, the current supply to the refrigerating plate 30).
  • the microcontroller 20 further compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and determines whether it is necessary to adjust the voltage supplied by the switching power supply 10 to the cooling chip 30, which is based on the comparison and The judgment result generates a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle; the base of the NPN transistor T17 of the voltage divider sampling adjustment module (ie, the sampling circuit) receives the PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle, and after filtering by the capacitor E10,
  • the first voltage dividing resistor R19, the second voltage dividing resistor R27, the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 form a voltage dividing resistor combination corresponding to the PWM signal with the corresponding duty cycle, specifically , the second voltage dividing resistor R27, the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 form a combined voltage dividing resistor R pwm according to the duty cycle of the PWM signal:
  • the combined voltage dividing resistor R pwm is connected in series with the first voltage dividing resistor R19 to sample and divide the output voltage VDD of the switching power supply 10 to obtain the voltage UR at the voltage dividing sampling terminal R :
  • the voltage at the reference input (pin 2) of the three-terminal regulator U4 is UR .
  • the microcontroller 20 compares the cabinet temperature Tc with the set temperature Ts and determines that it is necessary to increase the voltage currently supplied by the switching power supply 10 to the cooling plate 30, it generates a PWM signal with an increased duty cycle;
  • the base of the NPN transistor T17 of the voltage dividing sampling adjustment module receives the PWM signal with the increased duty cycle, and after being filtered by the capacitor E10, the first voltage dividing resistor R19 and the second voltage dividing resistor R27 , the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 form a voltage dividing resistor combination corresponding to the PWM signal with the increased duty cycle in the manner as described above, and perform a combination of the voltage dividing resistors on the output voltage VDD of the switching power supply 10 .
  • the current I) becomes smaller, so that the luminous intensity of the light-emitting diode is weakened, so that the emitter current of the phototransistor is reduced, and the reduced current is fed back to the control pin C of the PWM control chip U3, and the PWM control chip U3 then Correspondingly increase the PWM duty cycle of the switching MOSFET to adjust the work of the power conversion circuit (such as a high-frequency transformer), output different voltage waveforms through voltage conversion, and then obtain the increased DC output voltage VDD through rectification and filtering until the voltage UR is equal to The reference voltage U Ref ; thereby realizing the increasing control of the working voltage of the cooling chip.
  • the power conversion circuit such as a high-frequency transformer
  • the microcontroller 20 compares the cabinet temperature Tc with the set temperature Ts and determines that the voltage currently supplied by the switching power supply 10 to the cooling chip 30 needs to be reduced, it generates a PWM signal with a reduced duty cycle;
  • the base of the NPN transistor T17 of the voltage division sampling adjustment module ie, the sampling circuit receives the PWM signal with the reduced duty cycle.
  • the first voltage dividing resistor R19 and the second voltage dividing resistor R27 , the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 form a voltage dividing resistor combination corresponding to the PWM signal with the reduced duty cycle in the manner as described above, and perform a combination of the voltage dividing resistors on the output voltage VDD of the switching power supply 10.
  • the current I) becomes larger, so that the luminous intensity of the light-emitting diode is enhanced, so that the emitter current of the phototransistor increases, and the increased current is fed back to the control pin C of the PWM control chip U3, and the PWM control chip U3 is correspondingly Reduce the PWM duty cycle of the switching MOSFET to adjust the work of the power conversion circuit (such as a high-frequency transformer), output different voltage waveforms through voltage conversion, and then obtain the reduced DC output voltage VDD through rectification and filtering until the voltage UR is equal to the reference voltage U Ref ; so as to realize the drop control of the working voltage of the cooling sheet.
  • the power conversion circuit such as a high-frequency transformer
  • the microcontroller 20 compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and determines that the voltage currently supplied by the switching power supply 10 to the cooling chip 30 can be maintained, it can maintain the PWM signal of the current duty cycle, so that The voltage UR is maintained equal to the reference voltage provided in the three-terminal voltage stabilizer; thus, the maintenance control of the working voltage of the refrigeration chip is realized.
  • the microcontroller compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and judges whether it is necessary to increase, decrease or maintain the voltage currently supplied by the switching power supply to the refrigeration chip, so as to generate a corresponding voltage.
  • the PWM signal with the size of the duty cycle enables the voltage dividing resistor in the voltage dividing sampling adjustment module of the switching power supply to form a corresponding voltage dividing resistor combination according to the corresponding duty cycle, so as to generate a correspondingly adjusted voltage dividing sampling terminal.
  • the voltage output of the switching power supply 10 can be adjusted, for example, between 5.5-12V, and the microcontroller 20 collects the current temperature Tc, the set temperature Ts and the working voltage Vc of the cooling chip in real time, so as to reduce the temperature inside the box
  • the temperature Tc is controlled within the range of [Ts-0.5°c, Ts+0.5°c].
  • the microcontroller 20 compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and finds that Tc ⁇ Ts+0.5°C, if the collected current working voltage Vc is zero (that is, in a shutdown state), the microcontroller 20 will The device can send a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle, such as a PWM signal with a 38% duty cycle, so that the voltage divider resistor with the corresponding set resistance value in the voltage divider sampling adjustment module forms a voltage divider resistor combination according to the duty cycle , to generate the correspondingly adjusted voltage UR at the voltage divider sampling terminal, and control to increase the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the refrigeration chip to 8V according to the voltage UR.
  • a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle such as a PWM signal with a 38% duty cycle
  • the microcontroller can send a PWM signal with an increased duty cycle, for example, a PWM signal with a 100% duty cycle, so that the voltage divider resistor with the corresponding set resistance value in the voltage divider sampling adjustment module can be set according to the
  • the duty cycle forms a voltage divider resistor combination (that is, R76/R77 are connected in series and connected in parallel with R27 and then connected in series with R19) to generate the correspondingly adjusted voltage UR at the voltage divider sampling terminal, and control the boost switch according to the voltage UR
  • the output voltage VDD supplied from the power supply to the cooling chip reaches the full voltage of 12V to generate the maximum cooling capacity and the fastest cooling speed; and if the collected current working voltage Vc is not zero (that is, not in a shutdown state), the micro The controller increases the duty cycle of the current PWM signal to 100% to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to a full voltage of 12V, thereby
  • the microcontroller 20 compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and finds that Ts-0.5°c ⁇ Tc ⁇ Ts+0.5°c, fuzzy PID adjustment can be used; if the temperature Tc in the box decreases, the The microcontroller sends a PWM signal with a reduced duty cycle to control the reduction of the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip. If the temperature Tc in the box rises, the microcontroller sends a PWM signal with an increased duty cycle The output voltage VDD supplied to the cooling chip by the switching power supply is controlled to increase until the temperature Tc in the box is stable. During this period, the temperature fluctuation in the box can be minimized by using PID adjustment.
  • the microcontroller 20 compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and obtains Tc ⁇ Ts-0.5°C, the microcontroller can send a PWM signal with a duty cycle of 0 to make the voltage division sampling adjustment module in the
  • the voltage divider resistor with the corresponding set resistance value forms a voltage divider resistor combination according to the duty cycle (that is, only R27 and R19 are connected in series) to generate the correspondingly adjusted voltage UR at the voltage divider sampling end, and according to the voltage
  • the UR control reduces the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to the lowest voltage of 5.5V, or directly controls the cooling chip to be turned off (ie, Vc is zero) to be in a shutdown state.
  • the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip can be controlled by the duty cycle of the PWM signal sent by the microcontroller to be in steps Step-by-step adjustment (that is, increase or decrease in steps) is performed to avoid excessive fluctuation of the voltage on the cooling chip to a certain extent.
  • the microcontroller can increase the duty cycle of the current PWM signal to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to increase by 0.5V and maintain the duty cycle For a certain period (such as one minute), if Tc ⁇ Ts+0.5°c is still collected, the microcontroller can further increase the duty cycle of the PWM signal to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to increase by 0.5 V and maintain the duty cycle for a certain period (such as one minute), and so on until Ts-0.5°c ⁇ Tc ⁇ Ts+0.5°c is collected.
  • the microcontroller can reduce the duty cycle of the current PWM signal to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to decrease 0.5V and maintain the duty cycle for a certain period (such as one minute), if the temperature Tc in the box still drops, the microcontroller can further reduce the duty cycle of the PWM signal to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip.
  • the output voltage terminal of the output adjustable switching power supply 10 can also be connected to the The input terminal of the voltage control circuit 40.
  • the boost control circuit 40 includes a first inductor L1 for energy storage and a boost chip U7 (Boost circuit), so that the adjustable (variable) output voltage of the switching power supply 10 can be controlled via the boost
  • the circuit is stabilized at 12V (that is, the boost control circuit stably outputs 12V voltage), so that the rest of the loads in the thermoelectric refrigerator can be powered.
  • the remaining loads can be considered to refer to the refrigerator loads other than the refrigeration slices in the refrigerator, such as interior lights or fans.
  • the switching power supply can adjust the voltage output to the refrigeration plate according to the collected data parameters, and can also cooperate with the boost control circuit to achieve stable and reliable operation of other loads in the refrigerator.
  • the output voltage terminal of the boost control circuit 40 may be further connected to the input terminal of the linear voltage regulator circuit 50 .
  • the linear voltage stabilizer circuit 50 includes a linear voltage stabilizer chip U1, so that the 12V voltage stably output by the boost control circuit 10 can be stepped down and stabilized at 5V through the linear voltage stabilizer circuit (that is, the linear voltage stabilizer circuit stably output 5V voltage), thus enabling power supply for control units (eg microcontrollers).
  • the switching power supply can adjust the voltage output to the refrigeration plate according to the collected data parameters, and can also cooperate with the boost control circuit to achieve stable and reliable operation of other loads in the refrigerator and phase with the linear voltage regulator circuit.
  • the output adjustable switching power supply 10 may be incorporated with the control board 60 of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, for example as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the switching power supply 10 and the control unit, such as the microcontroller 20 are both disposed on the control board 60 of the thermoelectric refrigerator, so that the installation of the control board 60 can realize the installation of the control circuit, thereby avoiding control The need for external switching power supply to the board.
  • the NPN transistor in the voltage division sampling adjustment module may be a band-stop transistor.
  • the NPN transistor in the voltage division sampling adjustment module can be replaced by, for example, an NMOS transistor.
  • a control method comprising:
  • step S1 the in-box temperature Tc of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, its set temperature Ts, and the operating voltage Vc of the refrigerating slices currently supplied to the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator are obtained; for example, the in-box temperature Tc can be collected by an NTC sensor . Collect the set temperature Ts through the operation panel and collect the working voltage Vc through resistance sampling;
  • step S2 a corresponding control signal is generated according to the acquired data of the temperature inside the box Tc, the set temperature Ts and the working voltage Vc;
  • the working voltage Vc is adjusted, so that a control signal such as a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle can be generated according to the comparison and judgment results;
  • step S3 according to the generated control signal, such as a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle, sampling and voltage division adjustment is performed on the voltage output to the refrigeration chip, so as to generate a control signal according to the control signal, such as the control signal
  • step S4 compare the generated divided voltage sampling voltage UR and the reference voltage U Ref , if the divided voltage sampling voltage UR is smaller than the reference voltage U Ref , go to step S5, if the divided voltage sampling voltage UR is smaller than the reference voltage U Ref If the voltage U R is greater than the reference voltage U Ref , go to step S6;
  • step S5 the increase of the voltage output to the refrigeration plate is controlled until the divided voltage sampling voltage UR is equal to the reference voltage U Ref , so as to control the temperature Tc in the box;
  • first”, “second”, “third” and “fourth” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.
  • defining “first”, “second”, “third” and “fourth” features may expressly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a control circuit for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator. A control unit acquires data parameters, i.e., an internal temperature and a set temperature of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, and a working voltage currently supplied to a thermoelectric cooler of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, generates a corresponding control signal according to the related data parameters, and sends the signal to a switching power supply, such that the switching power supply can adjust, according to the control signal, an output voltage supplied to the thermoelectric cooler, thereby forming an output-adjustable switching power supply to supply power to the thermoelectric cooler. Therefore, a conventional DC/DC step-down circuit provided on a control board in the prior art is not required to provided, so that the electric control cost of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator can be significantly reduced. In addition, the present invention further relates to a method for controlling the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator.

Description

一种热电制冷冰箱的控制电路及方法A kind of control circuit and method of thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及热电制冷冰箱技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种热电制冷冰箱的控制电路及控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerators, and more particularly, to a control circuit and a control method of a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator.
背景技术Background technique
随着当今居民的消费水平的提高，人们越来越崇尚休闲和高品质的生活，冰箱除了作为家用的必需品外，在其他室外休闲或住宿场合也成为了基本配置。根据配置冰箱的类型，这其中不仅包含传统的压缩机冰箱，也同时包含吸收式冰箱和热电制冷(即半导体)冰箱；特别是热电制冷冰箱，因其低成本、随意倾斜、重量轻等优势，使其在移动冰箱领域占有较大市场，例如酒店或零售市场。With the improvement of the consumption level of today's residents, people are more and more advocating leisure and high-quality life. In addition to being a household necessity, refrigerators have also become a basic configuration in other outdoor leisure or accommodation occasions. Depending on the type of refrigerators configured, this includes not only traditional compressor refrigerators, but also absorption refrigerators and thermoelectric refrigeration (ie semiconductor) refrigerators; especially thermoelectric refrigerators, because of their low cost, random tilt, and light weight, etc. Make it occupy a larger market in the field of mobile refrigerators, such as hotels or retail markets.
热电制冷冰箱的制冷原理在于：利用帕尔帖制冷元件(即制冷片)和帕尔帖原理，通过直流电，再配置热交换器(如散热铝和风扇等)，便可以持续产生冷量。这使得该热电制冷冰箱可以具有以下优点：成本低、重量轻、易于制造成尺寸较小的冰箱；以及制冷系统不受方向影响，随意倾斜亦不影响制冷，从而特别适用于移动冰箱。然而，该热电制冷冰箱自身也具有以下缺点：比如必须使用DC电源供电；由此在使用时需要配置AC/DC适配器，成本会明显增加。The refrigeration principle of the thermoelectric refrigerator is: using the Peltier refrigeration element (ie, the refrigeration sheet) and the Peltier principle, through the direct current, and then configuring the heat exchanger (such as heat dissipation aluminum and fan, etc.), the cooling capacity can be continuously generated. This enables the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator to have the following advantages: low cost, light weight, and easy to manufacture into a refrigerator with a smaller size; and the refrigeration system is not affected by the direction, and random tilting does not affect refrigeration, so it is especially suitable for mobile refrigerators. However, the thermoelectric refrigerator itself also has the following disadvantages: for example, a DC power supply must be used for power supply; therefore, an AC/DC adapter needs to be configured during use, and the cost will increase significantly.
在现有的技术方案中，例如由附图1所示，通常采用一个AC/DC开关电源以及配置一个控制板来实现控制制冷片的供电电压来调整制冷功率。具体地，开关电源将交流(AC)转为固定直流(DC)电压，例如12V，并供给至控制板，该控制板(例如，通过其上设置的DC/DC降压电路)可以调整例如12V直流电压至不同的电压给制冷片，以用于控制冰箱温度。这种方案将不可避免地导致较高的电控成本。In the existing technical solution, as shown in FIG. 1 for example, an AC/DC switching power supply and a control board are usually used to control the power supply voltage of the cooling chip to adjust the cooling power. Specifically, the switching power supply converts alternating current (AC) to a fixed direct current (DC) voltage, such as 12V, and supplies it to a control board, which (for example, through a DC/DC step-down circuit provided thereon) can adjust, for example, 12V The DC voltage to different voltages is applied to the refrigerating plate for controlling the temperature of the refrigerator. This solution will inevitably lead to higher electronic control costs.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明要解决的技术问题在于如何降低/节省该热电制冷冰箱的电控成本。为此本发明提出一种新的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路及方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to reduce/save the electric control cost of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator. Therefore, the present invention proposes a new control circuit and method for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator.
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，包括：According to a first aspect of the present invention, a control circuit for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator is provided, comprising:
输出可调整开关电源，该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压用于为所述热电制冷冰箱的制冷片供电；output adjustable switching power supply, the output voltage of the output adjustable switching power supply is used for supplying power to the refrigeration slices of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator;
控制单元，该控制单元被配置为接收所述热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度、其设定温度以及当前供给至所述制冷片的工作电压，以根据该箱内温度、设定温度和工作电压生成并发送相应的控制信号；a control unit, the control unit is configured to receive the inside temperature of the thermoelectric refrigerator, its set temperature, and the working voltage currently supplied to the refrigerating plate, so as to generate electricity according to the inside temperature, the set temperature and the working voltage And send the corresponding control signal;
其中该输出可调整开关电源包括对于输出电压进行采样的分压采样调整模块，其具有一分压采样端，该分压采样调整模块被配置为用于接收并根据该控制单元发送的相应的控制信号来调整分压，以产生该分压采样端处的电压；The output adjustable switching power supply includes a voltage division sampling adjustment module for sampling the output voltage, which has a voltage division sampling terminal, and the voltage division sampling adjustment module is configured to receive and according to the corresponding control unit sent by the control unit. signal to adjust the divided voltage to generate the voltage at the sampling terminal of the divided voltage;
其中该输出可调整开关电源还包括稳压模块、反馈模块和开关控制模块；The output adjustable switching power supply also includes a voltage regulator module, a feedback module and a switch control module;
当该分压采样端处的电压小于该稳压模块中提供的基准电压时，该反馈模块被配置为将比较结果反馈至该开关控制模块，从而通过该开关控制模块来控制输出电压的增加直至该分压采样端处的电压等于该基准电压；When the voltage at the voltage divider sampling terminal is less than the reference voltage provided in the voltage regulator module, the feedback module is configured to feed back the comparison result to the switch control module, so as to control the increase of the output voltage through the switch control module until The voltage at the voltage divider sampling terminal is equal to the reference voltage;
当该分压采样端处的电压大于该稳压模块中提供的基准电压时，该反馈模块被配置为将比较结果反馈至该开关控制模块，从而通过该开关控制模块来控制输出电压的下降直至该分压采样端处的电压等于该基准电压。When the voltage at the voltage divider sampling terminal is greater than the reference voltage provided in the voltage regulator module, the feedback module is configured to feed back the comparison result to the switch control module, so that the switch control module controls the drop of the output voltage until The voltage at the divided voltage sampling terminal is equal to the reference voltage.
根据本发明第一方面的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其通过控制单元采集数据参数，即该热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度、其设定温度以及当前供给至该热电制冷冰箱的制冷片的工作电压并根据该相关数据参数生成相应的控制信号并发送至开关电源，使得该开关电源能够根据该控制信号调整其供给至制冷片的输出电压，即形成输出可调整开关电源来给制冷片供电；从而无需使用现有技术中设置在控制板上的传统DC/DC降压电路，以使该热电制冷冰箱的电控成本得以显著降低。According to the control circuit of the thermoelectric refrigerating refrigerator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the control unit collects data parameters, that is, the temperature inside the thermoelectric refrigerating refrigerator, its set temperature, and the working voltage of the refrigerating plate currently supplied to the thermoelectric refrigerating refrigerator And according to the relevant data parameters, a corresponding control signal is generated and sent to the switching power supply, so that the switching power supply can adjust the output voltage it supplies to the refrigeration chip according to the control signal, that is, an output adjustable switching power supply is formed to supply power to the refrigeration chip; thus There is no need to use the traditional DC/DC step-down circuit provided on the control board in the prior art, so that the electrical control cost of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator can be significantly reduced.
另外，根据本发明第一方面的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：In addition, the control circuit of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator according to the first aspect of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
根据本发明的一个方面，根据控制单元发送的相应的控制信号，该分压采样调整模块中形成与该控制信号相对应的分压电阻组合来调整分压，以产生该分压采样端处的电压。According to an aspect of the present invention, according to the corresponding control signal sent by the control unit, the voltage division sampling adjustment module forms a voltage division resistor combination corresponding to the control signal to adjust the voltage division, so as to generate the voltage division at the voltage division sampling terminal. Voltage.
根据本发明的一个方面，该分压采样调整模块包括NPN三极管、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、第三分压电阻和第四分压电阻、以及滤波电容；其中该NPN三极管的基极用于接收该控制单元生成并发送的相应的控制信号；其中该第一分压电阻与第二分压电阻串联，该第一分压电阻的一端连接至该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压端，该第二分压电阻的一端接地，该第三分压电阻与第四分压电阻串联，该第三分压电阻的一端连接至第一分压电阻与第二分压电阻的公共连接端，该第四分压电阻的一端连接至NPN三极管的集电极；其中该滤波电容连接在第三分压电阻与第四分压电阻的公共连接端与地之间；其中第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻与第三分压电阻的公共连接端形成该分压采样调整模块的分压采样端。According to an aspect of the present invention, the voltage division sampling adjustment module includes an NPN transistor, a first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor, a third voltage dividing resistor, a fourth voltage dividing resistor, and a filter capacitor; wherein the NPN triode has a The base is used to receive the corresponding control signal generated and sent by the control unit; wherein the first voltage dividing resistor is connected in series with the second voltage dividing resistor, and one end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to the output of the output adjustable switching power supply Voltage terminal, one end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded, the third voltage dividing resistor is connected in series with the fourth voltage dividing resistor, and one end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected to the common of the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor connection terminal, one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the collector of the NPN triode; wherein the filtering capacitor is connected between the common connection terminal of the third voltage dividing resistor and the fourth voltage dividing resistor and the ground; wherein the first voltage dividing resistor The common connection end of the resistor, the second voltage dividing resistor and the third voltage dividing resistor forms a voltage dividing sampling end of the voltage dividing sampling adjustment module.
根据本发明的一个方面，该稳压模块为三端稳压器，其中该三端稳压器的参考输入极连接至该分压采样调整模块的分压采样端。According to an aspect of the present invention, the voltage regulator module is a three-terminal voltage regulator, wherein the reference input of the three-terminal voltage regulator is connected to the voltage division sampling terminal of the voltage division sampling adjustment module.
根据本发明的一个方面，该反馈模块为光耦，其中该光耦包括发光二极管和处于电源高压主边的光敏三极管；以及该开关控制模块为内置有开关MOSFET的PWM控制芯片；其中该发光二极管的阳极经由限流电阻连接至该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压端，该发光二极管的阴极连接至该三端稳压器的阴极；以及该光敏三极管的发射极连接至该PWM控制芯片的控制引脚。According to one aspect of the present invention, the feedback module is an optocoupler, wherein the optocoupler includes a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor on the main side of the high-voltage power supply; and the switch control module is a PWM control chip with a built-in switch MOSFET; wherein the light-emitting diode The anode is connected to the output voltage terminal of the output adjustable switching power supply through a current limiting resistor, the cathode of the light-emitting diode is connected to the cathode of the three-terminal voltage regulator; and the emitter of the phototransistor is connected to the control of the PWM control chip pin.
根据本发明的一个方面，该控制单元为微控制器，该微控制器被配置为接收所述热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度、其设定温度以及当前供给至所述制冷片的工作电压，以根据该箱内温度、设定温度和工作电压生成并发送具有相应的占空比的PWM信号至分压采用调整模块。According to one aspect of the present invention, the control unit is a microcontroller, and the microcontroller is configured to receive the temperature inside the thermoelectric refrigerator, its set temperature, and the operating voltage currently supplied to the refrigerator, so as to According to the temperature in the box, the set temperature and the working voltage, a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle is generated and sent to the voltage division adjustment module.
根据本发明的一个方面，该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压端可以连接至升压控制电路的输入端，该升压控制电路的输出电压用于为热电 制冷冰箱中的其余负载供电。According to one aspect of the present invention, the output voltage terminal of the output adjustable switching power supply can be connected to the input terminal of the boost control circuit, and the output voltage of the boost control circuit is used to power the rest of the loads in the thermoelectric refrigerator.
根据本发明的一个方面，该升压控制电路的输出电压端连接至线性稳压电路的输入端，该线性稳压电路的输出电压用于为控制单元供电。According to one aspect of the present invention, the output voltage terminal of the boost control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the linear voltage regulator circuit, and the output voltage of the linear voltage regulator circuit is used to power the control unit.
根据本发明的一个方面，该输出可调整开关电源与该控制单元均设置于该热电制冷冰箱的控制板。According to an aspect of the present invention, the output adjustable switching power supply and the control unit are both disposed on the control panel of the thermoelectric refrigerator.
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种热电制冷冰箱的控制方法，包括以下步骤：According to a second aspect of the present invention, a control method for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator is provided, comprising the following steps:
S1、获取该热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度、其设定温度以及当前供给至该热电制冷冰箱的制冷片的工作电压；S1, obtain the temperature in the box of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, its set temperature, and the working voltage of the refrigeration sheet currently supplied to the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator;
S2、根据步骤S1所获取的箱内温度、设定温度和工作电压数据生成相应的控制信号；S2, generating corresponding control signals according to the temperature in the box, the set temperature and the working voltage data obtained in step S1;
S3、根据步骤S2生成的控制信号对于输出至该制冷片的电压进行采样和分压调整，以产生根据该控制信号经调整的分压采样电压；S3, according to the control signal generated in step S2, sample and divide the voltage output to the refrigerating chip to generate a divided voltage sampling voltage adjusted according to the control signal;
S4、比较根据步骤S3产生的分压采样电压与基准电压的大小，若该分压采样电压小于该基准电压，则转至步骤S5，若该分压采样电压大于该基准电压，则转至步骤S6；S4, compare the magnitudes of the divided voltage sampling voltage and the reference voltage generated according to step S3, if the divided voltage sampling voltage is less than the reference voltage, go to step S5, if the divided voltage sampling voltage is greater than the reference voltage, go to step S5 S6;
S5、控制输出至该制冷片的电压的增加直至使得该分压采样电压等于该基准电压；S5, control the increase of the voltage output to the refrigeration chip until the voltage divided sampling voltage is equal to the reference voltage;
S6、控制输出至该制冷片的电压的下降直至使得该分压采样电压等于该基准电压。S6 , controlling the voltage output to the cooling plate to decrease until the divided voltage sampling voltage is equal to the reference voltage.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:
附图1是现有技术中的热电制冷冰箱的控制方案的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control scheme of a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator in the prior art;
附图2是具有根据本发明第一方面的控制电路的热电制冷冰箱的控制方案的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control scheme of a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator with a control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention;
附图3是根据本发明第一方面的控制电路的功能模块框图；3 is a functional block diagram of the control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention;
附图4是根据本发明第一方面的控制电路中的输出可调整开关电源的电路图；4 is a circuit diagram of an output adjustable switching power supply in the control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention;
附图5是根据本发明第一方面的控制电路中的输出可调整开关电源 的稳压环路和分压采样调整模块(即，取样电路)的部分电路图；Accompanying drawing 5 is according to the partial circuit diagram of the voltage regulator loop of the output adjustable switching power supply in the control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention and the partial voltage sampling adjustment module (that is, the sampling circuit);
附图6是根据具有根据本发明第一方面的控制电路的热电制冷冰箱的控制方案的一种实施方式的功能模块框图；FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram according to an embodiment of the control scheme of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator having the control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention;
附图7是附图6中示出的功能模块框图中的部分功能模块的电路图；Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of some functional modules in the functional module block diagram shown in Fig. 6;
附图8是根据本发明第二方面的热电制冷冰箱的控制方法的流程图。FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a control method for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator according to the second aspect of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下参照附图对本发明进一步详细说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
参见附图3和附图4，在本实施例中的控制电路，以输出可调整开关电源10的分压采样调整模块(即，取样电路)基本上主要由NPN三极管T17和第一至第四分压电阻R19、R27、R76和R77以及滤波电容E10构成、输出可调整开关电源10的稳压环路中的稳压模块选用三端稳压器U4、输出可调整开关电源10的稳压环路中的反馈模块选用光耦U2、开关控制模块选用内置有开关MOSFET的PWM控制芯片U3以及控制单元选用微控制器20为例。Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , in the control circuit in this embodiment, the voltage division sampling adjustment module (ie, sampling circuit) of the output adjustable switching power supply 10 is basically mainly composed of NPN triode T17 and the first to fourth Voltage divider resistors R19, R27, R76 and R77 and filter capacitor E10 are formed, and the voltage regulator module in the voltage regulator loop of the output adjustable switching power supply 10 selects a three-terminal voltage regulator U4, and the output voltage regulator loop of the adjustable switching power supply 10 is selected. The feedback module in the road selects the optocoupler U2, the switch control module selects the PWM control chip U3 with built-in switch MOSFET, and the control unit selects the microcontroller 20 as an example.
参见附图4并结合附图5来进一步描述根据本发明的控制电路中相关主要模块的结构和连接关系。所述NPN三极管T17的引脚1，即基极，形成微控制器20输出的控制信号的接收端，例如在微控制器20的控制信号输出端与该NPN三极管T17的接地的引脚2，即发射极，之间串联两个相串联的电阻，其中该NPN三极管T17的基极连接至该两个电阻的公共连接端；该第一分压电阻R19与第二分压电阻R27串联，该第一分压电阻R19的一端连接至该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压端VDD，该第二分压电阻R27的一端接地，该第三分压电阻R76与第四分压电阻R77串联，该第三分压电阻R76的一端连接至第一分压电阻R19与第二分压电阻R27的公共连接端，该第四分压电阻R77的一端连接至NPN三极管 T17的引脚3，即集电极；其中该滤波电容E10连接在第三分压电阻R76与第四分压电阻R77的公共连接端与地之间；其中第一分压电阻R19、第二分压电阻R27与第三分压电阻R76的公共连接端形成了分压采样端R。所述三端稳压器U4的引脚2，即参考输入极，连接至分压采样端R；该光耦U2包括发光二极管和处于电源高压主边的光敏三极管，该光耦U2的引脚1，即发光二极管的阳极，经由限流电阻R18连接至该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压端VDD，该光耦U2的引脚2，即发光二极管的阴极，连接至该三端稳压器U4的引脚1，即阴极；以及该光耦的引脚3，即该光敏三极管的发射极，连接至该PWM控制芯片U3的控制引脚C，而内置在PWM控制芯片U3中的开关MOSFET用于控制该输出可调整开关电源10的功率变换电路的工作。Referring to FIG. 4 and in conjunction with FIG. 5 , the structure and connection relationship of the relevant main modules in the control circuit according to the present invention will be further described. The pin 1 of the NPN transistor T17, that is, the base, forms the receiving end of the control signal output by the microcontroller 20, for example, the control signal output end of the microcontroller 20 and the grounded pin 2 of the NPN transistor T17, That is, the emitter is connected in series with two resistors in series, wherein the base of the NPN transistor T17 is connected to the common connection terminal of the two resistors; the first voltage dividing resistor R19 is connected in series with the second voltage dividing resistor R27, the One end of the first voltage dividing resistor R19 is connected to the output voltage terminal VDD of the output adjustable switching power supply, one end of the second voltage dividing resistor R27 is grounded, the third voltage dividing resistor R76 is connected in series with the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77, the One end of the third voltage dividing resistor R76 is connected to the common connection terminal of the first voltage dividing resistor R19 and the second voltage dividing resistor R27, and one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 is connected to the pin 3 of the NPN transistor T17, that is, the collector ; wherein the filter capacitor E10 is connected between the common connection end of the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 and the ground; wherein the first voltage dividing resistor R19, the second voltage dividing resistor R27 and the third voltage dividing resistor The common connection terminal of R76 forms the voltage divider sampling terminal R. The pin 2 of the three-terminal voltage regulator U4, that is, the reference input pole, is connected to the voltage divider sampling terminal R; the optocoupler U2 includes a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor on the main side of the high-voltage power supply. The pin of the optocoupler U2 1, the anode of the light-emitting diode, is connected to the output voltage terminal VDD of the output adjustable switching power supply via the current limiting resistor R18, and the pin 2 of the optocoupler U2, that is, the cathode of the light-emitting diode, is connected to the three-terminal regulator Pin 1 of U4, that is, the cathode; and pin 3 of the optocoupler, that is, the emitter of the phototransistor, are connected to the control pin C of the PWM control chip U3, and the switch MOSFET built in the PWM control chip U3 The operation of the power conversion circuit for controlling the output adjustable switching power supply 10 is used.
如附图3和附图4所示的控制电路的实施例的具体工作原理是：The specific working principle of the embodiment of the control circuit shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 is:
微控制器20进行数据采集，例如通过NTC传感器采集热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度Tc、通过操作面板采集设定温度Ts和通过电阻采样采集当前供给至制冷片30的工作电压Vc(即当前供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD)，该微控制器20则进一步对箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并判断是否需要对于由开关电源10供应至制冷片30的电压进行调整，其根据比较和判断结果生成具有相应的占空比的PWM信号；该分压采样调整模块(即，取样电路)的NPN三极管T17的基极接收该具有相应的占空比的PWM信号，经过电容E10滤波之后，第一分压电阻R19、第二分压电阻R27、第三分压电阻R76和第四分压电阻R77则形成与该具有相应的占空比的PWM信号相对应的分压电阻组合，具体地，第二分压电阻R27、第三分压电阻R76和第四分压电阻R77根据PWM信号的占空比组成组合分压电阻R pwm: The microcontroller 20 performs data collection, such as collecting the temperature Tc of the thermoelectric refrigerator through the NTC sensor, collecting the set temperature Ts through the operation panel, and collecting the working voltage Vc currently supplied to the refrigeration plate 30 through resistance sampling (that is, the current supply to the refrigerating plate 30). the output voltage VDD of the cooling chip), the microcontroller 20 further compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and determines whether it is necessary to adjust the voltage supplied by the switching power supply 10 to the cooling chip 30, which is based on the comparison and The judgment result generates a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle; the base of the NPN transistor T17 of the voltage divider sampling adjustment module (ie, the sampling circuit) receives the PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle, and after filtering by the capacitor E10, The first voltage dividing resistor R19, the second voltage dividing resistor R27, the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 form a voltage dividing resistor combination corresponding to the PWM signal with the corresponding duty cycle, specifically , the second voltage dividing resistor R27, the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 form a combined voltage dividing resistor R pwm according to the duty cycle of the PWM signal:
Figure PCTCN2021131639-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021131639-appb-000001
而该组合分压电阻R pwm则与第一分压电阻R19相串联，以对于开关电源10的输出电压VDD进行采样和分压调整，从而得出分压采样端R处的电压U R： The combined voltage dividing resistor R pwm is connected in series with the first voltage dividing resistor R19 to sample and divide the output voltage VDD of the switching power supply 10 to obtain the voltage UR at the voltage dividing sampling terminal R :
Figure PCTCN2021131639-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021131639-appb-000002
该三端稳压器U4的参考输入极(引脚2)处的电压即为U R。 The voltage at the reference input (pin 2) of the three-terminal regulator U4 is UR .
例如，当该微控制器20对箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并判断需要增加当前由开关电源10供应至制冷片30的电压时，其生成具有增加的占空比的PWM信号；该分压采样调整模块(即，取样电路)的NPN三极管T17的基极接收该具有增加的占空比的PWM信号，经过电容E10滤波之后，第一分压电阻R19、第二分压电阻R27、第三分压电阻R76和第四分压电阻R77则以如上所述的方式形成与该具有增加的占空比的PWM信号相对应的分压电阻组合并对于开关电源10的输出电压VDD进行采样和分压调整，从而得出分压采样端R(也即三端稳压器U4的参考输入极，即引脚2)处的电压U R；该电压U R将小于该三端稳压器U4中提供的基准电压U Ref(例如，为2.5V)，则导致通过光耦U2的发光二极管的电流(即如附图5中示出的流过发光二极管和三端稳压器的采样电流I)变小，由此该发光二极管的发光强度减弱，使得光敏三极管的发射极电流减小，该减小的电流被反馈至PWM控制芯片U3的控制引脚C，该PWM控制芯片U3则相应地增加开关MOSFET的PWM占空比，来调整功率变换电路(例如高频变压器)的工作，通过电压变换输出不同的电压波形，再通过整流滤波得到增加的直流输出电压VDD直至电压U R等于基准电压U Ref；从而实现对于制冷片的工作电压的增加控制。 For example, when the microcontroller 20 compares the cabinet temperature Tc with the set temperature Ts and determines that it is necessary to increase the voltage currently supplied by the switching power supply 10 to the cooling plate 30, it generates a PWM signal with an increased duty cycle; The base of the NPN transistor T17 of the voltage dividing sampling adjustment module (ie, the sampling circuit) receives the PWM signal with the increased duty cycle, and after being filtered by the capacitor E10, the first voltage dividing resistor R19 and the second voltage dividing resistor R27 , the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 form a voltage dividing resistor combination corresponding to the PWM signal with the increased duty cycle in the manner as described above, and perform a combination of the voltage dividing resistors on the output voltage VDD of the switching power supply 10 . Sampling and voltage division adjustment, so as to obtain the voltage UR at the voltage division sampling terminal R (that is, the reference input pole of the three-terminal voltage regulator U4, that is, pin 2); the voltage UR will be smaller than the three-terminal voltage regulator The reference voltage U Ref (for example, 2.5V) provided in the device U4, then leads to the current through the LED of the optocoupler U2 (that is, as shown in FIG. 5, through the LED and the sampling of the three-terminal regulator The current I) becomes smaller, so that the luminous intensity of the light-emitting diode is weakened, so that the emitter current of the phototransistor is reduced, and the reduced current is fed back to the control pin C of the PWM control chip U3, and the PWM control chip U3 then Correspondingly increase the PWM duty cycle of the switching MOSFET to adjust the work of the power conversion circuit (such as a high-frequency transformer), output different voltage waveforms through voltage conversion, and then obtain the increased DC output voltage VDD through rectification and filtering until the voltage UR is equal to The reference voltage U Ref ; thereby realizing the increasing control of the working voltage of the cooling chip.
例如，当该微控制器20对箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并判断需要降低当前由开关电源10供应至制冷片30的电压时，其生成具有降低的占空比的PWM信号；该分压采样调整模块(即，取样电路)的NPN三极管T17的基极接收该具有降低的占空比的PWM信号，经过电容E10滤波之后，第一分压电阻R19、第二分压电阻R27、第三分压电阻R76和第四分压电阻R77则以如上所述的方式形成与该具有降低的占空比的PWM信号相对应的分压电阻组合并对于开关电源10的输出电压VDD进行采样和分压调整，从而得出分压采样端R(也即三端稳压器U4的参考输入极，即引脚2)处的电压U R；该电压U R将大于该三端稳压器U4中提供的基准电压U Ref(例如，为2.5V)，则导致通过光耦U2的发光二极管的电流(即如附图5中示出的流过发光二极管和三端稳压器的采样电流I)变大，由此该发光二极管的发光强度增强，使得光敏三极管的 发射极电流增加，该增加的电流被反馈至PWM控制芯片U3的控制引脚C，该PWM控制芯片U3则相应地降低开关MOSFET的PWM占空比，来调整功率变换电路(例如高频变压器)的工作，通过电压变换输出不同的电压波形，再通过整流滤波得到下降的直流输出电压VDD直至电压U R等于基准电压U Ref；从而实现对于制冷片的工作电压的下降控制。 For example, when the microcontroller 20 compares the cabinet temperature Tc with the set temperature Ts and determines that the voltage currently supplied by the switching power supply 10 to the cooling chip 30 needs to be reduced, it generates a PWM signal with a reduced duty cycle; The base of the NPN transistor T17 of the voltage division sampling adjustment module (ie, the sampling circuit) receives the PWM signal with the reduced duty cycle. After being filtered by the capacitor E10, the first voltage dividing resistor R19 and the second voltage dividing resistor R27 , the third voltage dividing resistor R76 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R77 form a voltage dividing resistor combination corresponding to the PWM signal with the reduced duty cycle in the manner as described above, and perform a combination of the voltage dividing resistors on the output voltage VDD of the switching power supply 10. Sampling and voltage division adjustment, so as to obtain the voltage UR at the voltage division sampling terminal R (that is, the reference input pole of the three-terminal voltage regulator U4, that is, pin 2); the voltage UR will be greater than the three-terminal voltage regulator The reference voltage U Ref (for example, 2.5V) provided in the device U4, then leads to the current through the LED of the optocoupler U2 (that is, as shown in FIG. 5, through the LED and the sampling of the three-terminal regulator The current I) becomes larger, so that the luminous intensity of the light-emitting diode is enhanced, so that the emitter current of the phototransistor increases, and the increased current is fed back to the control pin C of the PWM control chip U3, and the PWM control chip U3 is correspondingly Reduce the PWM duty cycle of the switching MOSFET to adjust the work of the power conversion circuit (such as a high-frequency transformer), output different voltage waveforms through voltage conversion, and then obtain the reduced DC output voltage VDD through rectification and filtering until the voltage UR is equal to the reference voltage U Ref ; so as to realize the drop control of the working voltage of the cooling sheet.
例如，当该微控制器20对箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并判断可以维持当前由开关电源10供应至制冷片30的电压时，其可以维持当前占空比的PWM信号，使得电压U R维持等于该三端稳压器中提供的基准电压；从而实现对于制冷片的工作电压的维持控制。 For example, when the microcontroller 20 compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and determines that the voltage currently supplied by the switching power supply 10 to the cooling chip 30 can be maintained, it can maintain the PWM signal of the current duty cycle, so that The voltage UR is maintained equal to the reference voltage provided in the three-terminal voltage stabilizer; thus, the maintenance control of the working voltage of the refrigeration chip is realized.
根据本实施例的控制电路，通过微控制器对箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并由此判断是否需要增加、下降或维持当前由开关电源供应至制冷片的电压，来生成具有相应占空比大小的PWM信号，使得该开关电源的分压采样调整模块中的分压电阻能够根据相应占空比形成与之相对应的分压电阻组合，以产生相应调整后的分压采样端(其在一定程度上可以被认为是形成了输出电压调整控制端)处的电压U R，而根据该电压U R调整开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压，即形成输出可调整开关电源来给制冷片供电；从而无需使用现有技术中设置在控制板上的传统的DC/DC降压电路，使得能够以更具成本效益和改善效率的方式实现对于热电制冷冰箱的控制。 According to the control circuit of the present embodiment, the microcontroller compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and judges whether it is necessary to increase, decrease or maintain the voltage currently supplied by the switching power supply to the refrigeration chip, so as to generate a corresponding voltage. The PWM signal with the size of the duty cycle enables the voltage dividing resistor in the voltage dividing sampling adjustment module of the switching power supply to form a corresponding voltage dividing resistor combination according to the corresponding duty cycle, so as to generate a correspondingly adjusted voltage dividing sampling terminal. (It can be considered to form the voltage UR at the output voltage adjustment control terminal to a certain extent), and according to the voltage UR to adjust the output voltage supplied by the switching power supply to the refrigeration plate, that is, the output adjustable switching power supply is formed to provide The refrigeration sheet is powered; thus, the traditional DC/DC step-down circuit provided on the control board in the prior art is not required, so that the control of the thermoelectric refrigerator can be realized in a more cost-effective and improved efficiency manner.
下面参照一组示例性实例来进一步解释根据本发明的控制电路的具体工作原理：The specific working principle of the control circuit according to the present invention is further explained below with reference to a set of exemplary examples:
在该实例中，开关电源10的电压输出可调整在例如5.5-12V之间，而微控制器20实时采集当前箱内温度Tc、设定温度Ts和制冷片工作电压Vc，旨在将箱内温度Tc控制在[Ts-0.5°c，Ts+0.5°c]的范围内。In this example, the voltage output of the switching power supply 10 can be adjusted, for example, between 5.5-12V, and the microcontroller 20 collects the current temperature Tc, the set temperature Ts and the working voltage Vc of the cooling chip in real time, so as to reduce the temperature inside the box The temperature Tc is controlled within the range of [Ts-0.5°c, Ts+0.5°c].
例如，当微控制器20对于箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并得出Tc≥Ts+0.5°c时，若采集到当前工作电压Vc为零(即处于停机状态)，则微控制器可以发送具有相应占空比的PWM信号，例如具有38％占空比的PWM信号使得分压采样调整模块中的具有相应设定阻值的分压电阻根据该占空比形成分压电阻组合，以产生相应调整后的分压采样端处的电压UR，并根据该电压UR控制升高开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压 VDD至8V，如若运行十分钟后箱内温度仍未达到上述目标范围内，则该微控制器可以发送具有增加的占空比的PWM信号，例如具有100％占空比的PWM信号使得分压采样调整模块中的具有相应设定阻值的分压电阻根据该占空比形成分压电阻组合(即R76/R77相串联并与R27并联后再与R19串联)，以产生相应调整后的分压采样端处的电压UR，并根据该电压UR控制升高开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD至全压12V，以产生最大的制冷量和最快的制冷速度；而若采集到的当前工作电压Vc并不为零(即未处于停机状态)，则微控制器将当前PWM信号的占空比升高至100％以控制升高开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD至全压12V，从而产生最大的制冷量和最快的制冷速度。For example, when the microcontroller 20 compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and finds that Tc≥Ts+0.5°C, if the collected current working voltage Vc is zero (that is, in a shutdown state), the microcontroller 20 will The device can send a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle, such as a PWM signal with a 38% duty cycle, so that the voltage divider resistor with the corresponding set resistance value in the voltage divider sampling adjustment module forms a voltage divider resistor combination according to the duty cycle , to generate the correspondingly adjusted voltage UR at the voltage divider sampling terminal, and control to increase the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the refrigeration chip to 8V according to the voltage UR. If the temperature in the box does not reach the above target after ten minutes of operation within the range, the microcontroller can send a PWM signal with an increased duty cycle, for example, a PWM signal with a 100% duty cycle, so that the voltage divider resistor with the corresponding set resistance value in the voltage divider sampling adjustment module can be set according to the The duty cycle forms a voltage divider resistor combination (that is, R76/R77 are connected in series and connected in parallel with R27 and then connected in series with R19) to generate the correspondingly adjusted voltage UR at the voltage divider sampling terminal, and control the boost switch according to the voltage UR The output voltage VDD supplied from the power supply to the cooling chip reaches the full voltage of 12V to generate the maximum cooling capacity and the fastest cooling speed; and if the collected current working voltage Vc is not zero (that is, not in a shutdown state), the micro The controller increases the duty cycle of the current PWM signal to 100% to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to a full voltage of 12V, thereby generating the maximum cooling capacity and the fastest cooling speed.
当微控制器20对于箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并得出Ts-0.5°c≤Tc<Ts+0.5°c时，可以采用模糊PID调节；如若箱内温度Tc下降，则该微控制器发送具有降低的占空比的PWM信号以控制降低开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD，如若箱内温度Tc升高，则该微控制器发送具有增加的占空比的PWM信号以控制升高开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD，直至箱内温度Tc稳定。而在此期间通过使用PID调节能够保证箱内温度的波动最小。When the microcontroller 20 compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and finds that Ts-0.5°c≤Tc<Ts+0.5°c, fuzzy PID adjustment can be used; if the temperature Tc in the box decreases, the The microcontroller sends a PWM signal with a reduced duty cycle to control the reduction of the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip. If the temperature Tc in the box rises, the microcontroller sends a PWM signal with an increased duty cycle The output voltage VDD supplied to the cooling chip by the switching power supply is controlled to increase until the temperature Tc in the box is stable. During this period, the temperature fluctuation in the box can be minimized by using PID adjustment.
当微控制器20对于箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并得出Tc<Ts-0.5°c时，该微控制器可以发送占空比为0的PWM信号使得分压采样调整模块中的具有相应设定阻值的分压电阻根据该占空比形成分压电阻组合(即仅R27与R19串联)，以产生相应调整后的分压采样端处的电压U R，并根据该电压U R控制降低开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD至最低压5.5V，或者直接控制制冷片关断(即Vc为零)以处于停机状态。 When the microcontroller 20 compares the temperature Tc in the box with the set temperature Ts and obtains Tc<Ts-0.5°C, the microcontroller can send a PWM signal with a duty cycle of 0 to make the voltage division sampling adjustment module in the The voltage divider resistor with the corresponding set resistance value forms a voltage divider resistor combination according to the duty cycle (that is, only R27 and R19 are connected in series) to generate the correspondingly adjusted voltage UR at the voltage divider sampling end, and according to the voltage The UR control reduces the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to the lowest voltage of 5.5V, or directly controls the cooling chip to be turned off (ie, Vc is zero) to be in a shutdown state.
此外或可替换地，在该控制电路的示例性实例的一种可选实施方式中，开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD可以由微控制器发送的PWM信号的占空比控制为以步阶形式逐步进行调整(即以步阶形式升高或下降)，以在一定程度上避免制冷片上的电压出现过大的波动。例如，当采集到Tc≥Ts+0.5°c时，则微控制器可以将当前PWM信号的占空比升高以控制开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD增加0.5V并维持该占空比一定周期(比如一分钟)，而若仍采集到Tc≥Ts+0.5°c，则微控制器可 以进一步升高PWM信号的占空比以控制开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD再增加0.5V并维持该占空比一定周期(比如一分钟)，如此直至采集到Ts-0.5°c≤Tc<Ts+0.5°c。当Ts-0.5°c≤Tc<Ts+0.5°c时，如若箱内温度Tc下降，则微控制器可以将当前PWM信号的占空比降低以控制开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD下降0.5V并维持该占空比一定周期(比如一分钟)，若箱内温度Tc仍下降，则微控制器可以进一步降低PWM信号的占空比以控制开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD再下降0.5V并维持该占空比一定周期(比如一分钟)；如若箱内温度Tc升高(比如由箱门被打开或者在箱内放入新的内容物引起)，则该微控制器发送具有增加的占空比的PWM信号以控制开关电源供给至制冷片的输出电压VDD升高0.5V；由此以步阶形式逐步进行调整直至箱内温度Tc稳定。然而，应理解的是，上述电压调整步阶和维持周期仅仅是起到说明性的作用，也可以采用其他任意可行的电压调整步阶和维持周期。Additionally or alternatively, in an optional implementation of the exemplary example of the control circuit, the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip can be controlled by the duty cycle of the PWM signal sent by the microcontroller to be in steps Step-by-step adjustment (that is, increase or decrease in steps) is performed to avoid excessive fluctuation of the voltage on the cooling chip to a certain extent. For example, when Tc≥Ts+0.5°c is collected, the microcontroller can increase the duty cycle of the current PWM signal to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to increase by 0.5V and maintain the duty cycle For a certain period (such as one minute), if Tc≥Ts+0.5°c is still collected, the microcontroller can further increase the duty cycle of the PWM signal to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to increase by 0.5 V and maintain the duty cycle for a certain period (such as one minute), and so on until Ts-0.5°c≤Tc<Ts+0.5°c is collected. When Ts-0.5°c≤Tc<Ts+0.5°c, if the temperature Tc in the box decreases, the microcontroller can reduce the duty cycle of the current PWM signal to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to decrease 0.5V and maintain the duty cycle for a certain period (such as one minute), if the temperature Tc in the box still drops, the microcontroller can further reduce the duty cycle of the PWM signal to control the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip. Drop 0.5V and maintain the duty cycle for a certain period (such as one minute); if the temperature Tc in the box rises (such as caused by the door of the box being opened or the new contents being put in the box), the microcontroller sends The PWM signal with the increased duty cycle controls the output voltage VDD supplied by the switching power supply to the cooling chip to increase by 0.5V; thus, the adjustment is performed step by step until the temperature Tc in the box is stable. However, it should be understood that the above-mentioned voltage adjustment steps and sustain periods are merely illustrative, and any other feasible voltage adjustment steps and sustain periods may also be used.
在附图6和附图7所示的具有根据第一方面的控制电路的热电制冷冰箱的控制方案的一种实施方式中，该输出可调整开关电源10的输出电压端此外还可以连接至升压控制电路40的输入端。具体地，该升压控制电路40包括用于储能的第一电感L1和升压芯片U7(Boost电路)，以使得该开关电源10的可调整(可变)输出电压能够经由该升压控制电路而稳定在12V(即升压控制电路稳定地输出12V电压)，从而能够实现为热电制冷冰箱中的其余负载供电。该其余负载可以认为是指代冰箱中除制冷片之外的冰箱负载，例如内灯或风机等。这保证了开关电源可以根据所收集的数据参数来调整输出至制冷片的电压的同时还能够与升压控制电路相配合来实现冰箱中的其他负载的稳定可靠的工作。此外，该升压控制电路40的输出电压端还可以进一步连接至线性稳压电路50的输入端。具体地，该线性稳压电路50包括线性稳压芯片U1，以使得该升压控制电路10稳定输出的12V电压能够经由该线性稳压电路而降压稳定在5V(即线性稳压电路稳定地输出5V电压)，从而能够实现为控制单元(例如微控制器)供电。这保证了开关电源可以根据所收集的数据参数来调整输出至制冷片的电压的同时还能够与升压控制电路相配合来实现冰箱 中的其他负载的稳定可靠的工作以及与线性稳压电路相配合来实现微控制器的稳定可靠的工作。换言之，对于制冷片的可变供电、对于冰箱其余负载的12V稳定供电以及对于微控制器的5V稳定供电之间并不存在相互影响。In one embodiment of the control scheme of the thermoelectric refrigerator with the control circuit according to the first aspect shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the output voltage terminal of the output adjustable switching power supply 10 can also be connected to the The input terminal of the voltage control circuit 40. Specifically, the boost control circuit 40 includes a first inductor L1 for energy storage and a boost chip U7 (Boost circuit), so that the adjustable (variable) output voltage of the switching power supply 10 can be controlled via the boost The circuit is stabilized at 12V (that is, the boost control circuit stably outputs 12V voltage), so that the rest of the loads in the thermoelectric refrigerator can be powered. The remaining loads can be considered to refer to the refrigerator loads other than the refrigeration slices in the refrigerator, such as interior lights or fans. This ensures that the switching power supply can adjust the voltage output to the refrigeration plate according to the collected data parameters, and can also cooperate with the boost control circuit to achieve stable and reliable operation of other loads in the refrigerator. In addition, the output voltage terminal of the boost control circuit 40 may be further connected to the input terminal of the linear voltage regulator circuit 50 . Specifically, the linear voltage stabilizer circuit 50 includes a linear voltage stabilizer chip U1, so that the 12V voltage stably output by the boost control circuit 10 can be stepped down and stabilized at 5V through the linear voltage stabilizer circuit (that is, the linear voltage stabilizer circuit stably output 5V voltage), thus enabling power supply for control units (eg microcontrollers). This ensures that the switching power supply can adjust the voltage output to the refrigeration plate according to the collected data parameters, and can also cooperate with the boost control circuit to achieve stable and reliable operation of other loads in the refrigerator and phase with the linear voltage regulator circuit. Cooperate to realize the stable and reliable work of the microcontroller. In other words, there is no mutual influence between the variable power supply for the refrigeration slice, the 12V stable power supply for the rest of the refrigerator, and the 5V stable power supply for the microcontroller.
此外或可替换地，例如如附图2所示，该输出可调整开关电源10可以与该热电制冷冰箱的控制板60合并。具体地，该开关电源10与该控制单元，例如微控制器20，均设置于该热电制冷冰箱的控制板60，使得对于控制板60的安装即可实现对于控制电路的安装，从而避免了控制板再外接开关电源的需要。Additionally or alternatively, the output adjustable switching power supply 10 may be incorporated with the control board 60 of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, for example as shown in FIG. 2 . Specifically, the switching power supply 10 and the control unit, such as the microcontroller 20, are both disposed on the control board 60 of the thermoelectric refrigerator, so that the installation of the control board 60 can realize the installation of the control circuit, thereby avoiding control The need for external switching power supply to the board.
可替换地，在本发明的控制电路的一可选实施例中，分压采样调整模块中的NPN三极管可以是带阻三极管。或者，在本发明的控制电路的另一可选实施例中(未图示)，分压采样调整模块中的NPN三极管例如可以由NMOS管代替。Alternatively, in an optional embodiment of the control circuit of the present invention, the NPN transistor in the voltage division sampling adjustment module may be a band-stop transistor. Or, in another optional embodiment of the control circuit of the present invention (not shown), the NPN transistor in the voltage division sampling adjustment module can be replaced by, for example, an NMOS transistor.
根据本发明第二方面还提供了一种控制方法，包括：According to a second aspect of the present invention, a control method is also provided, comprising:
首先，在步骤S1中，获取该热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度Tc、其设定温度Ts以及当前供给至该热电制冷冰箱的制冷片的工作电压Vc；例如，可以通过NTC传感器采集箱内温度Tc、通过操作面板采集设定温度Ts和通过电阻采样采集工作电压Vc；First, in step S1, the in-box temperature Tc of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, its set temperature Ts, and the operating voltage Vc of the refrigerating slices currently supplied to the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator are obtained; for example, the in-box temperature Tc can be collected by an NTC sensor . Collect the set temperature Ts through the operation panel and collect the working voltage Vc through resistance sampling;
随后，在步骤S2中，根据所获取的箱内温度Tc、设定温度Ts和工作电压Vc数据生成相应的控制信号；例如，对箱内温度Tc和设定温度Ts进行比较并判断是否需要对于工作电压Vc进行调整，从而可以根据比较和判断结果生成比如具有相应的占空比的PWM信号的控制信号；Subsequently, in step S2, a corresponding control signal is generated according to the acquired data of the temperature inside the box Tc, the set temperature Ts and the working voltage Vc; The working voltage Vc is adjusted, so that a control signal such as a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle can be generated according to the comparison and judgment results;
随后，在步骤S3中，根据生成的控制信号，比如具有相应的占空比的PWM信号，对于输出至该制冷片的电压进行采样和分压调整，以产生根据该控制信号，比如该控制信号的占空比，经调整的分压采样电压U R； Subsequently, in step S3, according to the generated control signal, such as a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle, sampling and voltage division adjustment is performed on the voltage output to the refrigeration chip, so as to generate a control signal according to the control signal, such as the control signal The duty cycle of , the adjusted voltage divider sampling voltage UR ;
随后，在步骤S4中，比较产生的分压采样电压U R与基准电压U Ref的大小，若该分压采样电压U R小于该基准电压U Ref，则转至步骤S5，若该分压采样电压U R大于该基准电压U Ref，则转至步骤S6； Then, in step S4, compare the generated divided voltage sampling voltage UR and the reference voltage U Ref , if the divided voltage sampling voltage UR is smaller than the reference voltage U Ref , go to step S5, if the divided voltage sampling voltage UR is smaller than the reference voltage U Ref If the voltage U R is greater than the reference voltage U Ref , go to step S6;
在步骤S5中，控制输出至该制冷片的电压的增加直至使得该分压采样电压U R等于该基准电压U Ref，以用于控制箱内温度Tc； In step S5, the increase of the voltage output to the refrigeration plate is controlled until the divided voltage sampling voltage UR is equal to the reference voltage U Ref , so as to control the temperature Tc in the box;
S6、控制输出至该制冷片的电压的下降直至使得该分压采样电压U R等于该基准电压U Ref，以用于控制箱内温度Tc。 S6 , control the voltage output to the cooling plate to decrease until the voltage divided sampling voltage UR is equal to the reference voltage U Ref , so as to control the temperature Tc in the box.
在发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。In describing the invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance. Thus, defining "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" features may expressly or implicitly include one or more of such features.
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行组合、变化、修改、替换和变型。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Embodiments are subject to combinations, changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，用以驱动该热电制冷冰箱，其特征在于，包括：A control circuit for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator for driving the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, characterized in that it includes:
    输出可调整开关电源，该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压用于为所述热电制冷冰箱的制冷片供电；output adjustable switching power supply, the output voltage of the output adjustable switching power supply is used for supplying power to the refrigeration slices of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator;
    控制单元，该控制单元被配置为接收所述热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度、其设定温度以及当前供给至所述制冷片的工作电压，以根据该箱内温度、设定温度和工作电压生成并发送相应的控制信号；a control unit, the control unit is configured to receive the inside temperature of the thermoelectric refrigerator, its set temperature, and the working voltage currently supplied to the refrigerating plate, so as to generate electricity according to the inside temperature, the set temperature and the working voltage And send the corresponding control signal;
    其中该输出可调整开关电源包括对于输出电压进行采样的分压采样调整模块，其具有一分压采样端，该分压采样调整模块被配置为用于接收并根据该控制单元发送的相应的控制信号来调整分压，以产生该分压采样端处的电压；The output adjustable switching power supply includes a voltage division sampling adjustment module for sampling the output voltage, which has a voltage division sampling terminal, and the voltage division sampling adjustment module is configured to receive and according to the corresponding control unit sent by the control unit. signal to adjust the divided voltage to generate the voltage at the sampling terminal of the divided voltage;
    其中该输出可调整开关电源还包括稳压模块、反馈模块和开关控制模块；The output adjustable switching power supply also includes a voltage regulator module, a feedback module and a switch control module;
    当该分压采样端处的电压小于该稳压模块中提供的基准电压时，该反馈模块被配置为将比较结果反馈至该开关控制模块，从而通过该开关控制模块来控制输出电压的增加直至该分压采样端处的电压等于该基准电压；When the voltage at the voltage divider sampling terminal is less than the reference voltage provided in the voltage regulator module, the feedback module is configured to feed back the comparison result to the switch control module, so as to control the increase of the output voltage through the switch control module until The voltage at the voltage divider sampling terminal is equal to the reference voltage;
    当该分压采样端处的电压大于该稳压模块中提供的基准电压时，该反馈模块被配置为将比较结果反馈至该开关控制模块，从而通过该开关控制模块来控制输出电压的下降直至该分压采样端处的电压等于该基准电压。When the voltage at the voltage divider sampling terminal is greater than the reference voltage provided in the voltage regulator module, the feedback module is configured to feed back the comparison result to the switch control module, so that the switch control module controls the drop of the output voltage until The voltage at the divided voltage sampling terminal is equal to the reference voltage.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其特征在于，根据控制单元发送的相应的控制信号，该分压采样调整模块中形成与该控制信号相对应的分压电阻组合来调整分压，以产生该分压采样端处的电压。The control circuit of a thermoelectric refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein, according to the corresponding control signal sent by the control unit, the voltage dividing sampling adjustment module forms a voltage dividing resistor combination corresponding to the control signal to adjust the voltage dividing voltage to generate the voltage at the sampling terminal of the divided voltage.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其特征在 于，该分压采样调整模块包括NPN三极管、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、第三分压电阻和第四分压电阻、以及滤波电容；其中该NPN三极管的基极用于接收该控制单元生成并发送的相应的控制信号；其中该第一分压电阻与第二分压电阻串联，该第一分压电阻的一端连接至该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压端，该第二分压电阻的一端接地，该第三分压电阻与第四分压电阻串联，该第三分压电阻的一端连接至第一分压电阻与第二分压电阻的公共连接端，该第四分压电阻的一端连接至NPN三极管的集电极；其中该滤波电容连接在第三分压电阻与第四分压电阻的公共连接端与地之间；其中第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻与第三分压电阻的公共连接端形成该分压采样调整模块的分压采样端。The control circuit for a thermoelectric refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the voltage division sampling and adjustment module comprises an NPN transistor, a first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor, a third voltage dividing resistor and a fourth voltage dividing resistor. A voltage dividing resistor and a filter capacitor; wherein the base of the NPN triode is used to receive the corresponding control signal generated and sent by the control unit; wherein the first voltage dividing resistor is connected in series with the second voltage dividing resistor, and the first voltage dividing resistor One end of the resistor is connected to the output voltage end of the output adjustable switching power supply, one end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded, the third voltage dividing resistor is connected in series with the fourth voltage dividing resistor, and one end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected to The common connection terminal of the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor, and one end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the collector of the NPN triode; wherein the filter capacitor is connected between the third voltage dividing resistor and the fourth voltage dividing resistor. Between the common connection end and the ground; wherein the common connection end of the first voltage dividing resistor, the second voltage dividing resistor and the third voltage dividing resistor forms the voltage dividing sampling end of the voltage dividing sampling adjustment module.
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其特征在于，该稳压模块为三端稳压器，其中该三端稳压器的参考输入极连接至该分压采样调整模块的分压采样端。The control circuit of a thermoelectric refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the voltage regulator module is a three-terminal voltage regulator, wherein the reference input of the three-terminal voltage regulator is connected to the voltage division sampling adjustment module The voltage divider sampling terminal.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其特征在于，该反馈模块为光耦，其中该光耦包括发光二极管和处于电源高压主边的光敏三极管；以及该开关控制模块为内置有开关MOSFET的PWM控制芯片；The control circuit for a thermoelectric refrigerator according to claim 4, wherein the feedback module is an optocoupler, wherein the optocoupler comprises a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor on the main side of the high-voltage power supply; and the switch control module is a built-in PWM control chip for switching MOSFET;
    其中该发光二极管的阳极经由限流电阻连接至该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压端，该发光二极管的阴极连接至该三端稳压器的阴极；以及该光敏三极管的发射极连接至该PWM控制芯片的控制引脚。The anode of the light-emitting diode is connected to the output voltage terminal of the output adjustable switching power supply through a current limiting resistor, the cathode of the light-emitting diode is connected to the cathode of the three-terminal voltage regulator; and the emitter of the phototransistor is connected to the PWM The control pin of the control chip.
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其特征在于，该控制单元为微控制器，该微控制器被配置为接收所述热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度、其设定温度以及当前供给至所述制冷片的工作电压，以根据该箱内温度、设定温度和工作电压生成并发送具有相应的占空比的PWM信号至分压采用调整模块。The control circuit of a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit is a microcontroller, and the microcontroller is configured to receive the temperature inside the thermoelectric refrigerator and the set temperature thereof. and the working voltage currently supplied to the refrigerating sheet, so as to generate and send a PWM signal with a corresponding duty cycle to the voltage division adjustment module according to the temperature in the box, the set temperature and the working voltage.
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其特征在 于，该输出可调整开关电源的输出电压端可以连接至升压控制电路的输入端，该升压控制电路的输出电压用于为热电制冷冰箱中的其余负载供电。The control circuit for a thermoelectric refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the output voltage end of the output adjustable switching power supply can be connected to the input end of the boost control circuit, and the output voltage of the boost control circuit is used for It is used to power the rest of the loads in the thermoelectric refrigerator.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其特征在于，该升压控制电路的输出电压端连接至线性稳压电路的输入端，该线性稳压电路的输出电压用于为控制单元供电。The control circuit for a thermoelectric refrigerator according to claim 7, wherein the output voltage terminal of the boost control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the linear voltage regulator circuit, and the output voltage of the linear voltage regulator circuit is used for the control unit powered by.
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的热电制冷冰箱的控制电路，其特征在于，该输出可调整开关电源与该控制单元均设置于该热电制冷冰箱的控制板。The control circuit of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the output adjustable switching power supply and the control unit are both disposed on the control board of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator.
  10. 一种热电制冷冰箱的控制方法，包括以下步骤：A control method for a thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, comprising the following steps:
    S1、获取该热电制冷冰箱的箱内温度、其设定温度以及当前供给至该热电制冷冰箱的制冷片的工作电压；S1, obtain the temperature in the box of the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, its set temperature, and the working voltage of the refrigeration sheet currently supplied to the thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator;
    S2、根据步骤S1所获取的箱内温度、设定温度和工作电压数据生成相应的控制信号；S2, generating corresponding control signals according to the temperature in the box, the set temperature and the working voltage data obtained in step S1;
    S3、根据步骤S2生成的控制信号对于输出至该制冷片的电压进行采样和分压调整，以产生根据该控制信号经调整的分压采样电压；S3, according to the control signal generated in step S2, sample and divide the voltage output to the refrigerating chip to generate a divided voltage sampling voltage adjusted according to the control signal;
    S4、比较根据步骤S3产生的分压采样电压与基准电压的大小，若该分压采样电压小于该基准电压，则转至步骤S5，若该分压采样电压大于该基准电压，则转至步骤S6；S4, compare the magnitudes of the divided voltage sampling voltage and the reference voltage generated according to step S3, if the divided voltage sampling voltage is less than the reference voltage, go to step S5, if the divided voltage sampling voltage is greater than the reference voltage, go to step S5 S6;
    S5、控制输出至该制冷片的电压的增加直至使得该分压采样电压等于该基准电压；S5, control the increase of the voltage output to the refrigeration chip until the voltage divided sampling voltage is equal to the reference voltage;
    S6、控制输出至该制冷片的电压的下降直至使得该分压采样电压等于该基准电压。S6 , controlling the voltage output to the cooling plate to decrease until the divided voltage sampling voltage is equal to the reference voltage.
PCT/CN2021/131639 2020-11-19 2021-11-19 Control circuit for thermoelectric refrigeration refrigerator, and method WO2022105851A1 (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN86107077A (en) * 1986-10-06 1987-08-26 孟祥厚 Electronic control circuit for refrigerating compressor
CN87105169A (en) * 1987-07-22 1988-04-27 孟祥厚 Electronic control circuit for refrigerator
US5841204A (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-11-24 English; Larry G. Temperature control system and method
CN2383267Y (en) * 1999-04-12 2000-06-14 黄万江 Intelligent switch power source of semiconductor refrigerator
CN2456117Y (en) * 2000-12-28 2001-10-24 上海纽福克斯汽车配件有限公司 Universal electric refrigerator
CN2831203Y (en) * 2005-09-10 2006-10-25 海尔集团公司 Semiconductor refrigerator
CN107588576A (en) * 2017-08-21 2018-01-16 上海空间电源研究所 The thermoelectric cooling power optimization regulating system and method for high precision temperature control

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN86107077A (en) * 1986-10-06 1987-08-26 孟祥厚 Electronic control circuit for refrigerating compressor
CN87105169A (en) * 1987-07-22 1988-04-27 孟祥厚 Electronic control circuit for refrigerator
US5841204A (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-11-24 English; Larry G. Temperature control system and method
CN2383267Y (en) * 1999-04-12 2000-06-14 黄万江 Intelligent switch power source of semiconductor refrigerator
CN2456117Y (en) * 2000-12-28 2001-10-24 上海纽福克斯汽车配件有限公司 Universal electric refrigerator
CN2831203Y (en) * 2005-09-10 2006-10-25 海尔集团公司 Semiconductor refrigerator
CN107588576A (en) * 2017-08-21 2018-01-16 上海空间电源研究所 The thermoelectric cooling power optimization regulating system and method for high precision temperature control

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