WO2022103088A1 - Brûleur à oxyde à faible teneur en azote et système de brûleur comprenant celui-ci - Google Patents

Brûleur à oxyde à faible teneur en azote et système de brûleur comprenant celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022103088A1
WO2022103088A1 PCT/KR2021/016062 KR2021016062W WO2022103088A1 WO 2022103088 A1 WO2022103088 A1 WO 2022103088A1 KR 2021016062 W KR2021016062 W KR 2021016062W WO 2022103088 A1 WO2022103088 A1 WO 2022103088A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
supply unit
supplied
combustion
primary
fuel
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PCT/KR2021/016062
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
채태영
이영재
이재욱
양원
Original Assignee
한국생산기술연구원
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Publication of WO2022103088A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022103088A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F23C1/02—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air lump and liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion device and a combustion system comprising the same.
  • Solid fuel combustion devices such as coal are important facilities used in all fields of combustion systems including thermal power generation systems until recently.
  • solid fuel has the advantage of being cheaper than liquid fuel, but has the disadvantage of generating and discharging a lot of pollutants including nitrogen oxides during combustion.
  • nitrogen oxides are not only harmful to the human body, but are recently a precursor of fine dust, and are important factors to be removed from combustion devices and systems that burn solid fuels.
  • Patent Document 1 reduces nitrogen oxides generated during combustion of coal fuel by supplying air necessary for combustion to form a swirling flow using a plurality of swirlers in the combustion stage of a combustion device that burns coal.
  • Patent Document 2 when nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gas are removed using SCR, etc., ammonia is added to the exhaust gas discharged after combustion to reduce nitrogen oxides to remove them, but if ammonia is added excessively, ammonia An ammonia slip phenomenon that adheres to the catalyst occurs.
  • Patent Document 1 KR 10-0372147 B1
  • Patent Document 2 KR 10-2019-0135695 A
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion device for reducing nitrogen oxides generated during solid fuel combustion and a combustion system including the same.
  • a combustion furnace in order to achieve the above object, a combustion furnace; a first supply unit for supplying fluid fuel into the combustion furnace; a second supply part located on the outer peripheral surface of the first supply part, the solid fuel and the primary oxidizing agent being mixed and supplied to the inside of the combustion furnace through the peripheral side of the tip of the first supply part; and a third supply part positioned to be spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of the second supply part by a predetermined distance, and configured to supply the secondary oxidizing agent into the combustion furnace.
  • a primary flame region is formed at the tip of the first supply unit by combustion of the fluid fuel supplied to the first supply unit and the primary oxidizer supplied to the second supply unit, and the solid supplied to the second supply unit As the fuel flows to the downstream side through the peripheral side of the primary flame region, devolatilization and denitration of the solid fuel are made, and the secondary oxidizer supplied to the third supply unit is a solid fuel that has been devolatilized and denitrified; It is preferable to burn in the wake of the primary flame region to form a secondary flame region.
  • a fluid fuel supply unit for supplying the fluid fuel to the first supply unit; a primary oxidizing agent supply unit for supplying the primary oxidizing agent to the second supply unit; and a control unit for controlling the amount of the fluid fuel supplied to the fluid fuel supply unit and the amount of the primary oxidizer supplied to the primary oxidizer supply unit, wherein the control unit comprises: It is preferable to control the amount of the primary oxidizer supplied to the second supply unit to be supplied in an amount equal to or less than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio with the fluid fuel supplied from the supply unit as the fluid fuel to the first supply unit.
  • the predetermined interval at which the third supply unit is spaced apart from the second supply unit is at the tip of the first supply unit by combustion of the fluid fuel supplied to the first supply unit and the primary oxidizer supplied to the second supply unit.
  • the spacing is longer than the radius of the primary flame zone to be formed.
  • dispersion plate positioned at the tip of the first supply unit; and a dispersion pipe in which the tip of the first supply unit is branched to both sides by the dispersion plate.
  • the combustion device and a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) unit into which the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device is introduced.
  • SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
  • the generation of nitrogen oxides generated by combustion of solid fuel can be significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic plan view of a combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a combustion process in the combustion device.
  • the combustion system includes a combustion device 100 , a heat recovery unit 200 , a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) unit 300 and a stack 400 .
  • SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
  • the combustion device 100 is located in front of the combustion system, and generates heat through combustion of the supplied fuel and oxidizer.
  • the fuel supplied to the combustion device 100 is a solid fuel and a liquid fuel are respectively supplied and combusted, which will be described later in detail.
  • the heat recovery unit 200 is located at the rear end of the combustion device 100 , and recovers heat from the exhaust gas generated by combustion in the combustion device 100 .
  • a heat exchanger (not shown) for recovering heat is installed in the heat recovery unit 200 , and heat of the exhaust gas is recovered by heat exchange between the heat medium and the exhaust gas supplied to the heat exchanger.
  • the heat recovered from the heat recovery unit 200 may be used in a boiler, a turbine, or the like.
  • the SCR unit 300 is located at the rear end of the heat recovery unit 200 , and the exhaust gas from which heat is recovered from the heat recovery unit 200 is introduced.
  • the SCR unit 300 is a selective catalytic reduction device, and removes nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas by introducing ammonia into the incoming exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas from which nitrogen oxides are removed from the SCR unit 300 is discharged through the stack 400 at the rear end of the SCR unit 300 .
  • the front or rear end of the SCR unit 300 may include a desulfurizer or the like for removing sulfur oxides from the exhaust gas.
  • combustion device 100 as one component of the combustion system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 .
  • the combustion apparatus 100 includes a combustion furnace 110 , a first supply unit 120 , a second supply unit 130 , and a third supply unit 140 . ), and a guide unit 150 .
  • the combustion furnace 110 has a hollow shape provided with a space therein, and the fuel and the oxidizer supplied into the combustion furnace 110 are burned.
  • the first supply unit 120 is positioned so that its front end communicates with the inside of the combustion furnace 110 .
  • Fluid fuel is supplied into the combustion furnace 110 through the first supply unit 120 .
  • Fluid fuel includes, but is not limited to, liquid fuel and gas fuel, for example, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) and the like.
  • a primary flame region F1 is formed in the combustion furnace 110 by burning the liquid fuel supplied through the first supply unit 120 with a primary oxidizing agent to be described later.
  • a dispersing plate 123 may be positioned at the distal end of the first supply unit 120 , and a dispersing pipe 125 in which the distal end of the first supply unit 120 is branched to both sides is formed by the dispersing plate 123 .
  • the liquid fuel supplied into the combustion furnace 110 through the first supply unit 120 is dispersed by the dispersion pipe 125 and supplied to a wider area to form the primary flame area F1.
  • a fluid fuel supply unit 121 is connected to the rear end of the first supply unit 120 , and the fluid fuel is supplied from the fluid fuel supply unit 121 to the first supply unit 120 and is input into the combustion furnace 110 .
  • the line connecting the first supply unit 120 and the fluid fuel supply unit 121 is provided with a first control means (V1), according to the operation of the first control means (V1), from the fluid fuel supply unit 121 to the first supply unit ( 120), the amount of fluid fuel supplied to it is regulated.
  • the configuration of the first regulating means (V1) is not limited, but may be composed of a regulating valve or a damper.
  • the second supply unit 130 is located on the outer peripheral surface side of the first supply unit 120 . Specifically, the second supply unit 130 is positioned to surround the outer peripheral surface of the first supply unit 120 .
  • the solid fuel and the primary oxidizer are mixed through the second supply unit 130 and supplied into the combustion furnace 110 .
  • the solid fuel is not limited, but for example, pulverized coal may be supplied, and air may be supplied as the primary oxidizing agent.
  • a solid fuel supply unit 132 and a primary oxidant supply unit 131 are respectively connected to the rear end of the second supply unit 130 .
  • the solid fuel and the primary oxidizer are respectively supplied from the solid fuel supply unit 132 and the primary oxidizer supply unit 131 to the second supply unit 130 , and are introduced into the combustion furnace 110 .
  • the line connecting the second supply unit 130 and the primary oxidant supply unit 131 has a second control means (V2), and the line connecting the second supply unit 130 and the solid fuel supply unit 132 has a third control means (V3). ) is provided, and the amounts of the solid fuel and the primary oxidizer supplied to the second supply unit 130 are adjusted.
  • a primary flame region F1 is formed in the combustion furnace 110 by combustion of the primary oxidizer supplied to the second supply unit 130 and the liquid fuel supplied to the first supply unit 120 .
  • the solid fuel supplied to the second supply unit 130 Since the solid fuel supplied to the second supply unit 130 is more difficult to burn than liquid fuel, it does not burn in the primary flame region F1 and flows through the perimeter of the primary flame region F1 to the downstream side, at this time , the devolatilization and denitrification of volatile matter and nitrogen contained in the solid fuel by the high temperature of the primary flame region F1.
  • the primary oxidizing agent supplied to the second supply unit 130 is supplied in an amount equal to or less than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio with the liquid fuel supplied to the first supply unit 120, and the stoichiometric ratio depends on the type of liquid fuel supplied and the It may be preset according to the amount and the type of the primary oxidizing agent.
  • solid fuel since solid fuel is more difficult to burn than liquid fuel, solid fuel does not burn once in the primary flame region (F1), but when the primary oxidizer is oversupplied, the high temperature primary flame region (F1) Solid fuel may be burned out in the primary flame region F1 by the surplus primary oxidizing agent remaining after being used for combustion of liquid fuel.
  • the primary oxidizer supplied to the second supply unit 130 be supplied in an amount or less than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio with the liquid fuel supplied to the first supply unit 120, the solid fuel becomes the primary flame region F1. to prevent burning in
  • the third supply unit 140 is located on the outer peripheral surface of the second supply unit 130 . Specifically, the third supply unit 140 is spaced apart from the outer circumferential surface of the second supply unit 130 by a predetermined distance and is positioned to surround it.
  • the secondary oxidizing agent is supplied into the combustion furnace 110 through the third supply unit 140 .
  • the secondary oxidizer supplied into the combustion furnace 110 through the third supply unit 140 is on the wall side of the combustion furnace 110 . It is supplied to the downstream side of the primary flame region F1 along the
  • the secondary oxidizer supplied through the third supply unit 140 and the solid fuel in which devolatilization and denitration are made in the primary flame region F1 while being supplied into the combustion furnace 110 through the second supply unit 130 . is burned on the downstream side of the primary flame region F1 to form a secondary flame region F2.
  • a secondary oxidant supply unit 141 is connected to the rear end of the third supply unit 140 , and the secondary oxidizer supplied from the secondary oxidant supply unit 141 is introduced into the combustion furnace 110 through the third supply unit 140 . .
  • a fourth control means (V4) is provided on the line connecting the third supply unit 140 and the secondary oxidizer supply unit 141 to adjust the amount of the secondary oxidizer.
  • a predetermined interval at which the third supply unit 140 is spaced apart from the second supply unit 130 may be located at an interval longer than the radius of the primary flame region F1.
  • the secondary oxidizing agent supplied from the third supply unit 140 flows to the primary flame region F1 so that combustion in the primary flame region F1 does not result in excessive air combustion, and thus, as described above, It is possible to further prevent the solid fuel from being burned in the primary flame region F1.
  • the guide unit 150 is located on the outer periphery of the third supply unit 140 . Specifically, the guide unit 150 is configured with an inclined surface inclined outwardly from the peripheral side of the tip of the third supply unit 140 .
  • the secondary oxidizing agent supplied into the combustion furnace 110 through the third supply unit 140 is guided to the downstream side of the primary flame region F1 along the inclined surface of the guide unit 150 and flows, so that solid fuel and combustion can be carried out smoothly.
  • the first control means (V1), the second control means (V2), the third control means (V3) and the control unit 101 for controlling the operation of the fourth control means (V4) may be provided, respectively,
  • the first regulating means (V1), the second regulating means (V2), the third regulating means (V3) and the fourth regulating means (V4) are operated, the liquid fuel supply unit, the primary From the oxidizer supply unit 131 , the solid fuel supply unit 132 , and the secondary oxidant supply unit 141 , the liquid fuel, the primary oxidizer, the solid fuel and the secondary oxidizer are supplied to the combustion furnace 110 .
  • the liquid fuel is supplied to the combustion furnace 110 through the first supply unit 120 , the solid fuel and the primary oxidizer are mixed, and the second supply unit 130 , and the secondary oxidant is the third supply unit 140 .
  • a high-temperature primary flame region F1 is formed on the tip side.
  • Solid fuel is difficult to combust compared to liquid fuel, and since the primary oxidizer is supplied in an amount less than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio with the liquid fuel as described above, it is fed to the combustion furnace 110 together with the primary oxidizer through the second supply unit 130 .
  • the supplied solid fuel is not combusted at the front end of the first supply unit 120 (ie, the primary flame region F1).
  • the solid fuel passes through the peripheral side of the high-temperature primary flame region F1 and flows to the downstream side of the primary flame region F1 while devolatilization and denitrification are made.
  • the secondary oxidizing agent supplied to the combustion furnace 110 through the third supply unit 140 flows to the downstream side of the primary flame region F1 along the guide unit 150 and is supplied, and the primary flame region F1. On the downstream side of the devolatilization and denitration as described above, it meets and burns with the solid fuel to form a secondary flame region F2.
  • the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by combustion in the combustion device 100 is input to the heat recovery unit 200 to recover heat contained in the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas from which heat is recovered is input to the SCR unit 300 to remove nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas.
  • the SCR unit 300 is used to remove nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases in almost all combustion systems using conventional solid fuels, and has a disadvantage in that operation and maintenance costs are high.
  • the SCR unit 300 removes nitrogen oxides by adding ammonia to the input exhaust gas, but if ammonia is excessively added, an ammonia slip phenomenon occurs in which ammonia adheres to the catalyst, and if the ammonia slip continues Since the denitration efficiency of SCR is also lowered and the catalyst is replaced, high operating costs are generated regularly.
  • the exhaust gas from which nitrogen oxides are removed from the SCR unit 300 is discharged to the outside through the stack 400 .
  • the solid fuel is devolatilized and denitrified through the primary flame region formed by the combustion of the liquid fuel and then burned, thereby reducing nitrogen oxides generated by the combustion of the solid fuel. occurrence can be significantly reduced.
  • control unit 101 control unit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un brûleur et un système de brûleur comprenant celui-ci, le brûleur comprenant : un réacteur de combustion ; une première unité d'alimentation destinée à fournir du carburant fluide dans le réacteur de combustion ; une deuxième unité d'alimentation qui est située sur la surface circonférentielle de la première unité d'alimentation et dans laquelle un combustible solide et un oxydant primaire sont mélangés et acheminés dans le réacteur de combustion à travers la circonférence de l'extrémité avant de la première unité d'alimentation ; et une troisième unité d'alimentation qui est située à un intervalle donné de la surface circonférentielle de la deuxième unité d'alimentation et par laquelle un oxydant secondaire est acheminé dans le réacteur de combustion.
PCT/KR2021/016062 2020-11-13 2021-11-05 Brûleur à oxyde à faible teneur en azote et système de brûleur comprenant celui-ci WO2022103088A1 (fr)

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KR1020200151898A KR102382599B1 (ko) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 초저질소산화물 연소장치 및 이를 포함하는 연소 시스템
KR10-2020-0151898 2020-11-13

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WO2022103088A1 true WO2022103088A1 (fr) 2022-05-19

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH086901B2 (ja) * 1987-09-11 1996-01-29 株式会社日立製作所 微粉炭の低窒素酸化物バーナ
KR100372147B1 (ko) * 1999-10-15 2003-02-14 두산중공업 주식회사 질소산화물 저감형 미분탄 버너
KR101254928B1 (ko) * 2013-02-15 2013-04-19 주식회사 수국 저녹스형 버너
KR20170138042A (ko) * 2016-06-03 2017-12-14 한국생산기술연구원 초저질소산화물 연소장치
KR20190109860A (ko) * 2018-03-19 2019-09-27 한국생산기술연구원 예혼합 및 확산화염 형성을 통한 저질소산화물 연소장치

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190135695A (ko) 2018-05-29 2019-12-09 한국조선해양 주식회사 Scr시스템

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH086901B2 (ja) * 1987-09-11 1996-01-29 株式会社日立製作所 微粉炭の低窒素酸化物バーナ
KR100372147B1 (ko) * 1999-10-15 2003-02-14 두산중공업 주식회사 질소산화물 저감형 미분탄 버너
KR101254928B1 (ko) * 2013-02-15 2013-04-19 주식회사 수국 저녹스형 버너
KR20170138042A (ko) * 2016-06-03 2017-12-14 한국생산기술연구원 초저질소산화물 연소장치
KR20190109860A (ko) * 2018-03-19 2019-09-27 한국생산기술연구원 예혼합 및 확산화염 형성을 통한 저질소산화물 연소장치

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