WO2022100180A1

WO2022100180A1 - Aeration combination tower and method for treating organic wastewater

Info

Publication number: WO2022100180A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/112507
Authority: WO
Inventors: 戚伟康; 施棋; 刘丽芳; 李博
Original assignee: 山东泰山自迩环保科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-11-13
Filing date: 2021-08-13
Publication date: 2022-05-19

Abstract

An aeration combination tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention, which comprises a water intake pipe, an aeration column, a reaction column and a water discharge pipe, wherein the bottom part of the aeration column is provided with an aeration disc, the aeration column communicates with the reaction column by means of a connecting column, the bottom part of the reaction column is provided with a water distribution pipe, downward facing water outlet holes are disposed on the water distribution pipe, a water inlet of the water distribution pipe communicates with the lower end of the communication column, and the reaction column communicates with the aeration column by means of a reflux column. According to the aeration combination tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention, the aeration column and reaction column are arranged independent of each other and communicate by means of the connecting column, and under the action of a pressure difference, wastewater in the reaction column flows into the aeration column by means of the reflux column, thereby achieving the self-circulatory flow of water and reducing energy consumption in the organic wastewater treatment process. As wastewater moves from the bottom to the top of the reaction column, microorganisms in a granular sludge use dissolved oxygen to remove organic matter from the wastewater, and at the same time, nitration reaction occurs; and as the water rises and dissolved oxygen is depleted, denitrification takes place to remove ammonia nitrogen, so that the wastewater finally meets discharge standards.

Description

A kind of aeration combined tower and method for treating organic waste water

technical field

The invention relates to an aeration combined tower and a method, in particular to an aeration combined tower and method for treating organic waste water.

Background technique

The current treatment process of high-concentration organic nitrogen-containing wastewater is usually aimed at removing high-concentration organic pollutants and nitrogen elements in the sewage, which cause eutrophication in the sewage and affect the growth of fish and other aquatic organisms.

The commonly used biological treatment methods for organic nitrogen-containing wastewater mainly include aerobic activated sludge method, aerobic biofilm method, A-B method, anaerobic method, etc. Aerobic methods usually require a large amount of aeration, resulting in high power consumption, uneven and unstable aeration in general; and aerobic bacteria have a fast reaction rate, short generation time, and rapid reproduction, which will produce a large amount of excess sludge. Anaerobic treatment of organic wastewater has problems such as slow growth of anaerobic bacteria, long start-up time, and difficulty in meeting discharge standards.

At the end of the 20th century, aerobic granular sludge was discovered, but there were various difficulties in culturing it. Mishima and other scholars cultivated aerobic granular sludge in the AUSB reactor for the first time, but the conditions were extremely harsh, requiring exposure to pure oxygen. In the fluidized bed reactor, the granular sludge is cultivated by the method of pre-aeration of the influent water, but the reflux ratio is kept at a high level, and the fluidized bed reactor cannot realize automatic reflux; the discovery of SBR promotes good Oxygen granular sludge was developed, but SBR was unable to achieve continuous flow for sequencing batch reactors. In practical applications, the application of aerobic granular sludge is rare, mainly because the traditional method of aerobic granular sludge has a long incubation time, is difficult to stabilize, and the control parameters are not clear.

The purpose of this paper is to invent a combined aeration tower for the treatment of organic waste water. A separate aeration column is set up, and the sewage can be automatically circulated in the reaction column and the aeration column without any power, so as to achieve the sewage discharge standard after multiple treatments. This application relates to a variety of combined tower methods to treat organic wastewater in different ways. The aerobic granular sludge can be cultivated and combined with anaerobic granular sludge to treat high-concentration organic wastewater; the sludge with good sedimentation performance can also be screened out, and the ultra-high sludge concentration can be achieved, combined with short-range nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation. Sludge, two-stage circulation is designed, so that the sewage is circulated in the two-pole circulation respectively, and the removal of organic matter and/or nitrogen is realized at the same time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an aeration combined tower and method for treating organic waste water.

The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:

An aeration combined tower for treating organic waste water, comprising a water inlet pipe, at least one set of treatment equipment and a water outlet pipe, the treatment equipment includes an aeration column and a reaction column, and the water inlet pipe leads the organic waste water to be treated into the aeration column; the reaction column The treated wastewater is discharged through the outlet pipe; the bottom of the aeration column is evenly distributed with aeration discs, and the bottom of the reaction column is provided with a water distribution pipe; the aeration column is connected with the water distribution pipe in the reaction column through the connecting column, and the reaction column is refluxed The column is communicated with the aeration column; the upper end of the connecting column communicates with the upper part of the aeration column, the lower end communicates with the water distribution pipe in the reaction column, the upper end of the reflux column communicates with the upper part of the reaction column, and the lower end communicates with the lower part of the aeration column;

During the aeration of the aeration plate rising in the aeration column, the return water in the aeration column mixes with the influent water and the density decreases, so that the pressure of the water body in the aeration column decreases and the wastewater in the reaction column is forced to pass through the return column. It flows into the aeration column to realize the self-circulation flow of the water body; the wastewater in the aeration column enters the bottom of the reaction column evenly through the connecting column and the water distribution pipe. The microorganisms in the wastewater use dissolved oxygen to consume organic matter in the wastewater to realize wastewater treatment.

In the aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention, an anaerobic reaction column is arranged between the water inlet pipe and the aeration column, and the water inlet pipe is used to pass the wastewater to be treated into the anaerobic reaction column; the anaerobic reaction column The column is communicated with the aeration column through the first communication column, one end of the first communication column is communicated with the upper end of the anaerobic reaction column, and the other end is communicated with the lower end of the aeration column; the reaction column is communicated with the anaerobic reaction column through the third communication column The reaction column is communicated, one end of the third communication column is communicated with the upper end of the reaction column, and the other end is communicated with the lower end of the anaerobic reaction column; granular sludge is cultivated in both the anaerobic reaction column and the reaction column.

In the aeration combined tower for treating organic waste water of the present invention, the upper part of the anaerobic reaction column is provided with a three-phase separator, the solid matter separated by the three-phase separator is trapped in the anaerobic reaction column, and the separated liquid enters through the connection port In the aeration column, the separated biogas enters the biogas collection device.

In the aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention, the water inlet pipe is arranged on the anaerobic reaction column or the third communication column. When the water inlet pipe is arranged on the anaerobic reaction column, it communicates with its bottom and is arranged on the third communication column. connected to its upper part.

In the aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention, the water distribution pipe is annular, and water distribution holes are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the annular water distribution pipe. There is siltation at the bottom.

In the aeration combined tower for treating organic waste water of the present invention, the connecting column, the reflux column and the first communication column are arranged vertically or inclined.

When the anaerobic reaction column and the aeration column are located on both sides of the reaction column, the first communication column, the reflux column and the third communication column are all inclined, and the horizontal sections of the first, third communication columns and the reflux column are inclined to The sections are all arc-shaped transitions, and the inclined arrangement of the first and third communication columns and the return column and the arc-shaped transitions can reduce the head loss during the flow of wastewater.

When two-stage self-circulation separate aeration combined towers, that is, two sets of treatment equipment, the pipe diameters of the connecting column and the reflux column are larger than the diameters of the connecting port and the water outlet pipe, and larger than 200mm; The upper and lower ends are arc-shaped to avoid head loss.

In the aeration combined tower for treating organic waste water of the present invention, the height-diameter ratio of the reaction column and the aeration column ranges from 3 to 10.

The method for treating organic wastewater by an aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention comprises the following steps:

a) Aeration, reflux and oxygenation, the organic waste water enters the aeration column through the water inlet pipe, and under the aeration effect of the aeration plate, the influent water and the waste water returning through the reflux column are fully mixed, and the water body is aerated while stirring. At the same time, in the process of aeration of the aeration plate rising with the water body, the density of the water body in the aeration column decreases and the pressure decreases, forcing the waste water above the reaction column to flow into the aeration column through the reflux column to realize self-circulation;

b) Distribute water evenly, the waste water at the upper end of the aeration column enters the connection column through the first communication port, the waste water at the bottom of the connection column enters the water distribution pipe, and flows out through the water distribution hole on the water distribution pipe to achieve uniform water distribution to the bottom of the reaction column ;

c) Granular sludge is formed. During the process of wastewater flowing upward from the bottom in the reaction column, the suspended sludge in the reaction column is subjected to the shearing force of the upward water flow, which promotes the formation of granular sludge, and then the sludge becomes more and more granulated. The larger the size, the better the settling performance, showing the characteristics of smooth surface and dense structure; the flocculent sludge with poor settling performance in the wastewater rises with the water flow and is discharged through the water outlet;

d) Removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, in the process of wastewater flowing through the middle and lower part of the reaction column, the microorganisms in the granular sludge use dissolved oxygen to consume the organic matter in the wastewater, and a nitrification reaction occurs at the same time, and the wastewater rises to the reaction column. In the upper part, the dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced and the denitrification reaction occurs, which realizes the removal of ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater;

e) Recirculation and discharge of wastewater, most of the wastewater treated by the reaction column is returned to the aeration column through the reflux column, and then enters the reaction column again, and the flocculent sludge in the wastewater that enters the reaction column again is sheared by the sewage Under the action of force, granular sludge is further formed; a small amount of waste water is discharged through the outlet pipe, and the return flow of sewage is tens to hundreds of times the discharge amount.

In the method for treating organic wastewater by an aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention, an anaerobic reaction column can also be arranged between the water inlet pipe and the aeration column, and an anaerobic reaction column can be arranged before a) aeration, reflux and oxygenation. Oxygen reaction or anoxic denitrification reaction, the high-concentration organic waste water to be treated enters the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column directly through the water inlet pipe or is mixed with the waste water flowing back through the third communication column, and the waste water rises evenly from bottom to top in the anaerobic reaction column In the process of anaerobic granular sludge, it fully contacts with anaerobic microorganisms in anaerobic granular sludge, removes most of the organic matter in wastewater through anaerobic reaction or performs denitrification to remove nitrogen elements; under the action of pressure difference, the upper part of the anaerobic reaction column The wastewater enters the aeration column through the connection port.

The method for treating organic wastewater by aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention can also be followed by performing secondary aeration, secondary automatic circulation and related reactions after the step of d) removing organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, and then performing e. ) step wastewater backflow and discharge, strengthen the removal of organic matter and nitrogen.

Beneficial effects:

The application relates to a variety of combined tower methods, and the organic wastewater is treated by four different methods, and the beneficial effects are as follows:

(1) the independent aeration combined tower for the treatment of organic waste water of the present invention, by setting the aeration column and the reaction column as an independent form that is communicated through the communication column, under the micro-aeration effect of the aeration plate in the aeration column, not only The oxygenation and agitation of the reflux water and the influent water are realized, and the density of the water body in the aeration column is reduced. The wastewater flows into the aeration column through the return column, and the cycle is repeated, realizing the self-circulation flow of the water body, without external power, and reducing the energy consumption in the process of organic wastewater treatment. During the process of the wastewater entering the reaction column through the water distribution pipe from bottom to top, the granular sludge with good settling performance is at the bottom, and the flocculent sludge with poor settling performance is distributed on the top, and the microorganisms in the granular sludge consume the dissolved oxygen in the wastewater. The removal of organic matter is realized, and the nitrification reaction occurs at the same time. As the water body rises in the reaction column and becomes anoxic state, the denitrification reaction occurs, and the removal of ammonia nitrogen is realized, and finally the treated wastewater meets the discharge requirements.

(2) the independent aeration two-stage self-circulation combined tower of the present invention, by setting the anaerobic reaction column and the reaction column on both sides of the aeration column, and the aeration column is communicated with the water distribution pipe at the bottom of the reaction column through the communication column, and the reaction The column is communicated with the aeration column through the return column. Under the aeration effect of the aeration plate, not only the aeration, oxygenation and stirring of the wastewater at the bottom of the aeration column is realized, but also the water pressure is reduced due to the reduced density of the wastewater after aeration. Lowered, so that the wastewater in the reaction column flows into the aeration column under the action of the pressure difference, and after the sewage from the reaction column flows into the aeration column, the liquid level of the aeration column rises and the liquid level of the reaction column drops, so that the wastewater in the aeration column is in the liquid state. Under the action of the potential difference, it enters the reaction column, thereby realizing the circulating flow of the waste water before the aeration column and the reaction column, without external power, and reducing the energy consumption during the treatment of high-concentration organic waste water. The high-concentration organic wastewater first enters the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column. During the process that the wastewater rises uniformly from bottom to top in the anaerobic reaction column, the wastewater is fully contacted with the anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic granular sludge, and the water is removed by the anaerobic reaction. Most of the organic matter (usually up to 85%) of the organic matter is produced and biogas is generated; the wastewater treated by the anaerobic reaction is mixed with the return water, aerated and oxygenated, and then enters the reaction column together. Fully contact with the aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic granular sludge, remove the remaining COD in the water through aerobic reaction, and most of the treated wastewater is returned through the return pipe (the return flow is tens to hundreds of times of the water output), and a small part Discharge, after dozens to hundreds of cycles of treatment, ensure that the effluent meets the discharge standard.

(3) the two-stage self-circulation and split aeration combined tower of the present invention, the first-level combined tower is provided with an aeration column and a first-level reaction column, and the second-level combined tower is provided with a two-level aeration column and a two-level aeration column The reaction column, under the aeration action of the aeration plate at the bottom of the aeration column, not only realizes the aeration and oxygenation of the wastewater to be treated, but also reduces the density and pressure at the bottom of the aeration column due to aeration. The wastewater in the column flows into the aeration column under the action of the pressure difference, and the wastewater in the aeration column flows into the first-stage reaction column under the action of the liquid level difference. The circulating flow between the reaction column and the aeration column; similarly, the wastewater between the secondary reaction column and the secondary aeration column can also be circulated in the absence of an external power source, reducing the waste in the process of wastewater treatment. energy consumption. During the process that the nitrogen-containing wastewater containing organic matter to be treated rises uniformly from bottom to top in the primary reaction column, the wastewater and the microorganisms in the granular sludge in the primary reaction column are fully contacted and an aerobic reaction occurs to realize the removal of organic matter in the wastewater. The purpose of removing most of the organic matter in the wastewater is achieved after the wastewater is circulated many times between the primary reaction column and the aeration column. In the process that the wastewater rises uniformly from bottom to top in the secondary reaction column, the ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater first undergoes short-range nitrification under the action of the short-range nitrification sludge at the bottom of the secondary reaction column, and part of the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrous nitrogen; The anammox sludge on the upper part of the secondary reaction column is fully contacted, and the anammox reaction occurs under the action of anammox bacteria, and the nitrite nitrogen and the remaining ammonia nitrogen are converted into nitrogen gas, and the wastewater passes through the secondary reaction column with the secondary reaction column. The circulating flow between the stage aeration columns realizes the denitrification treatment of wastewater.

(4) In the split aeration combined tower of the present invention, by setting the aeration column separately from the anaerobic reaction column and the reaction column, in the process that the aeration plate at the bottom of the aeration column aerates the incoming waste water, not only the The aeration of the wastewater is aerated and stirred, and the wastewater expands after aeration and the density decreases, so that the water pressure in the aeration column at the same liquid level is lower than the water pressure in the anaerobic reaction column, forcing the anaerobic reaction column. The wastewater automatically flows into the aeration column, which realizes the automatic circulation of wastewater, without the need for an external circulation pump, which reduces the energy consumption in the process of wastewater treatment. After the wastewater flowing in through the inlet pipe is mixed with the return water, a denitrification reaction occurs in the anaerobic reaction column, which can remove COD in the influent water and nitrate in the return water, and then enter the reaction column after being oxygenated by the aeration column. The aerobic reaction further removes COD or ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater, making it suitable for the treatment of high-concentration organic nitrogen-containing wastewater, high-concentration organic wastewater or high-concentration nitrogen-containing wastewater. At the same time, during the process of wastewater rising in the reaction column, the sludge is subjected to the shear force of the water flow, and the granular sludge with good sedimentation performance is distributed in the state of the bottom, and the sludge with poor sedimentation performance is distributed in the upper state, which is beneficial to the good quality of the reaction column. Formation and production of oxygen granular sludge; most of the wastewater treated by the reaction column is returned to the anaerobic reaction column, a small amount of wastewater is discharged through the outlet pipe, the return flow is dozens of times the discharge amount, and the wastewater is recycled dozens of times After treatment, high-concentration organic matter and/or ammonia nitrogen are removed, so that the effluent meets the discharge requirements.

Description of drawings

1 is a front view of an independent aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the independent aeration combined tower of the embodiment 1 of the present invention processing organic waste water;

Fig. 3 is the bottom view of the independent aeration combined tower of the embodiment 1 of the present invention processing organic waste water;

Figure 4 and Figure 5 are the perspective views of the independent aeration combined tower for the treatment of organic wastewater in Example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are sectional views of the independent aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater according to Example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the front view of the two-stage self-circulation split aeration combined tower of the embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the rear view of the two-stage self-circulating split aeration combined tower of the embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is the top view of the two-stage self-circulating split aeration combined tower of the embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the perspective view of the two-stage self-circulating split aeration combined tower of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

13 and 14 are both sectional views of the two-stage self-circulating split aeration combined tower in Example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is the front view of the independent aeration two-stage self-circulation combined tower of the embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 16 is the rear view of the independent aeration two-stage self-circulating combined tower of the embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 17 is the top view of the independent aeration two-stage self-circulating combined tower of the embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 18 is the perspective view of the independent aeration two-stage self-circulation combined tower of the embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 are sectional views of the independent aeration two-stage self-circulation combined tower in Example 3 of the present invention.

Figure 21 is a front view of a split aeration combined tower for treating high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 22 is a rear view of a split aeration combined tower for treating high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 23 is a right side view of a split aeration combined tower for treating high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 24 is a top view of a split aeration combined tower for treating high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 25 and Figure 6 are the perspective views of the split aeration combined tower for treating high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 27, Figure 28 are the sectional views of the split aeration combined tower for processing high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a perspective view of another structural form of a split aeration combined tower for treating high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater according to Example 4 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 water inlet pipe, 2 aeration column, 3 connection column, 4 reaction column, 5 reflux column, 6 connection port, 7 secondary aeration column, 8 secondary connection column, 9 secondary reaction column, 10 secondary column Reflux column, 11 water outlet pipe; 12 aeration plate, 13 water distribution pipe, 14 water distribution hole, 15 anaerobic reaction column, 16 first communication column, 17 third communication column, 18 first communication port, 19 second communication port , 20 third communication port, 21 sealing cover.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the front view, top view and bottom view of the independent aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater of the present invention are respectively given, and Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 all show its perspective view, Fig. 6. Figures 7 and 8 both show their cross-sectional views. The independent aeration combined tower shown is composed of a water inlet pipe 1, aeration column 2, connecting column 3, reaction column 4, reflux column 5, water outlet pipe 11, aeration column The plate 12 and the water distribution pipe 13 are composed. The aeration column 2, the connecting column 3, the reaction column 4 and the reflux column 5 are all cylindrical with a cavity inside, and have a large aspect ratio. The water inlet pipe 1 communicates with the upper part of the aeration column 2 and is used for feeding the organic waste water to be treated into the aeration column 2 . The bottom of the aeration column 2 is evenly provided with a plurality of aeration discs 12 for aerating the bottom of the aeration column 2. The upper part of the aeration column 2 is communicated with the upper part of the connecting column 3 through the first communication port 18, and the reaction The column 4 communicates with the bottom of the aeration column 2 through the reflux column 5 .

In this way, under the aeration action of the aeration plate 12, the inlet water of the water inlet pipe 1 and the return water through the return column 5 are fully mixed and oxygenated, and the density of the water body in the aeration column 2 is reduced in the process of aeration rising. Under the action of pressure, the waste water above the reaction column 4 enters the aeration column 2 through the reflux column 5, and the waste water above the aeration column 2 enters the reaction column 4 through the connecting column 3. Self-circulating flow, no need to set up a circulating pump, which reduces the energy consumption in the process of organic wastewater treatment.

The water distribution pipe 13 is arranged at the bottom of the reaction column 4, and the water inlet of the water distribution pipe 13 is communicated with the bottom of the connecting column 3. The water distribution pipe 13 is evenly provided with a number of water distribution holes 14 with openings facing downwards, so as to realize entering through the water distribution pipe 13 into the water distribution pipe 13. The uniform distribution of the wastewater in the reaction column 4. The water distribution pipe 13 can be in a circular shape, and the water distribution holes 14 are evenly opened on the lower surface of the annular water distribution pipe 13. The water distribution holes 14 are arranged downward, and all the water distribution holes 14 are located in the same horizontal plane. The mud is deposited at the bottom, and the uniform water distribution can ensure that the sludge does not accumulate in the place where the water flow rate is small and thus block the water distribution hole 14 .

In the process of the uniformly distributed organic wastewater flowing from bottom to top in the reaction column 4, the aerobic granular sludge with good settling performance is at the bottom and the flocculent sludge with poor settling performance is on the top. The microorganisms consume the organic matter in the wastewater under aerobic conditions, and the nitrification reaction occurs at the same time, and the growth of granular sludge is realized. As the wastewater rises in the reaction column 4, the oxygen in the wastewater is consumed and becomes anoxic state. , a denitrification reaction occurs in the upper part of the reaction column 4 to remove the ammonia nitrogen in the water.

The shown reaction column 4 communicates with the aeration column 2 through the reflux column 5, the upper part of the reaction column 4 communicates with the upper part of the reflux column 5 through the second communication port 19, and the bottom of the reflux column 5 communicates with the aeration column through the third communication port 20. 2 communicates with the bottom; the outlet pipe 11 communicates with the upper part of the reaction column 4. In this way, most of the wastewater in the reaction column 4 flows into the aeration column 2 through the reflux column 5, and then enters the reaction column 4 for reprocessing; only a small part is discharged through the water outlet pipe 11, and the amount of reflux water and the amount of discharged water (compared with the amount of inlet water) The proportion of the same amount of water) is tens or even hundreds, which ensures the adequate treatment of organic wastewater.

The aeration volume in the aeration column 2 directly affects the efficiency of pollutant removal. The higher the oxygen flushing efficiency of the sewage, the greater the aeration volume, the more COD that can be consumed in the reaction column 4, and the more efficient the pollutant removal rate. high. The sewage in the reaction column 4 flows upward, and the sewage is in full contact with the granular sludge and suspended sludge in the reaction column 4 during the upward flow process, and the pollutants in the sewage are aerobic and anaerobic under the action of the microorganisms in the sludge. The reaction is removed, so that the sewage meets the discharge standard. The dissolved oxygen in the sewage in the reaction column 4 decreases sequentially from bottom to top. After the sewage in the aeration column 2 enters the bottom of the reaction column 4, it begins to consume the dissolved oxygen in the water, and an aerobic reaction occurs. The higher the dissolved oxygen, the lower the upper layer sewage. The dissolved oxygen may drop to anoxic state and denitrification occurs. The sewage in the reaction column 4 flows upwards rapidly, the sludge in the tank is in a suspended state, and the suspended sludge is subjected to the shear force of the upward flow, which promotes the formation of granular sludge, and then the sludge becomes larger and larger. It has the characteristics of smooth surface and dense structure, and has good sedimentation performance and COD removal ability.

The rising flow rate of sewage in the reaction column 4 is determined by the aeration amount in the aeration column 2, the height of the reaction column 4 and the cross-sectional area of the reaction column 4. The higher the power of the aeration column 2, the greater the power of the water entering the reaction column 4, and the higher the reaction column 4, the faster the rate of water entering the reaction column 4, so the height-diameter ratio of the reaction column 4 can be very large. between 10. The sewage in the reaction column 4 can be returned to the aeration column 2 through the reflux column 5 for repeated treatment. The sewage return flow of the reaction column 4 is determined by the sewage rising speed and the head loss in the reaction column 4. The higher the sewage rising speed, the more the return flow, and the smaller the head loss, the more the return flow. The inner diameter of the return column 5 is suitable for 10-80 cm. The larger the size, the smaller the head loss, so the larger the return flow, the better the treatment effect. In order to reduce the head loss, the larger the connection port of each column, the better. connect.

The reaction column 4 will produce flocculent sludge because of its light weight and poor settling performance, and it is located at the top of the reaction column 4 during the water flow process. In the aeration column 2, the flocculent sludge entering the reaction column 4 again may form granular sludge under the action of the shear force of the sewage. A small amount of sewage from the upper part of the reaction column 4 flows out through the water outlet pipe 11. In the early stage of the reactor operation, due to the screening effect, there will be flocculent sludge in the effluent, and in the later stage after the sludge granulation is completed, there is almost no flocculent sludge.

Due to the microporous detonation in the aeration column 2, the sewage has a certain expansion rate, resulting in the density of the water in the aeration column 2 being lower than the density of the water in the reaction column 4, so there is a pressure difference between the two reaction columns. Under the action of pressure, the water in the reaction column 4 can be automatically refluxed to the aeration column 2 without any external power.

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 9 to Fig. 12, the front view, rear view, top view and perspective view of the two-stage self-circulating split aeration combined tower of Example 2 of the present invention are respectively given, and Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 both show its The cross-sectional view shows that the two-stage self-circulating split aeration combined tower consists of a water inlet pipe 1, an aeration column 2, a connecting column 3, a reaction column 4, a reflux column 5, a secondary aeration column 7, a secondary connecting column 8, The secondary reaction column 9 and the secondary reflux column 10 are composed. The aeration column, the secondary aeration column, the reaction column, the connecting column and the reflux column are all arranged vertically. The first-stage self-circulating split aeration combined tower. The water inlet pipe 1 communicates with the upper part of the aeration column 2, and is used to pass the organic matter-containing nitrogen-containing wastewater to be treated into the aeration column 2. The bottom of the aeration column 2 and the reaction column 4 are respectively provided with an aeration plate 12 and a water distribution pipe 13.

The aeration column 2 communicates with the water distribution pipe 13 at the bottom of the reaction column 4 through the connection column 3, and the reaction column 4 communicates with the aeration column 2 through the reflux column 5. Specifically, the upper end of the connection column 3 communicates with the aeration column 2. The upper end is communicated, the lower end of the connecting column 3 communicates with the water distribution pipe 13 at the bottom of the reaction column, the upper end of the reflux column 5 communicates with the upper end of the reaction column 4, and the lower end of the reflux column 5 communicates with the bottom of the aeration column 2.

In the process of aeration and oxygenation of the aeration plate 12 at the bottom of the aeration column 2, the density of the wastewater at the bottom of the aeration column 2 will decrease and the pressure will decrease, and the wastewater in the reaction column 4 will flow into the aeration column under the action of the pressure difference. 2; At the same time, due to the backwater and inlet water of the aeration column 2, its liquid level rises, and the waste water in the aeration column 2 flows into the water distribution pipe 13 in the reaction column 4 through the connection column 3 under the action of the liquid level difference, so that , realizes the circulating flow of waste water between the aeration column 2 and the reaction column 4 in the absence of an external power source, and reduces the energy consumption in the waste water treatment process.

The water distribution pipe 13 at the bottom of the reaction column 4 realizes uniform water distribution, which can be in a ring shape. The lower surface of the arc-shaped water distribution pipe 13 is evenly provided with a number of downward water distribution holes 14, and the waste water passes through the water distribution holes on the water distribution pipe 13. 14 flows out downward, and the downward water flow can wash away the sludge at the bottom of the reaction column 4 to prevent the sludge from accumulating. Granular sludge is cultivated in the reaction column 4, and the nitrogen-containing wastewater containing organic matter rises uniformly from bottom to top in the reaction column 4. The wastewater and the microorganisms in the granular sludge are fully contacted to cause aerobic and anaerobic reactions, and the sewage is discharged. organic matter and nitrogen removal.

The upper end of the shown reaction column 4 is communicated with the upper end of the secondary aeration column 7 through the connection port 6, and most of the sewage in the upper part of the reaction column 4 is returned to the aeration column 2 through the reflux column 5, and the remaining small part is passed through. The connection port 6 flows into the secondary aeration column 7 . The secondary aeration column 7 and the secondary reaction column 9 are respectively provided with an aeration plate 12 and a water distribution pipe 13, and the secondary aeration column 7 and the secondary reaction column 9 constitute the second-level self-circulating separate aeration for wastewater treatment. Gas combination tower. The upper part of the secondary aeration column 7 is communicated with the water distribution pipe 13 in the secondary reaction column 9 through the secondary connecting column 8, and the upper part of the secondary reaction column 9 is connected to the bottom of the secondary aeration column 7 through the secondary reflux column 10. In the same way, under the action of the pressure difference and the liquid level difference, the waste water realizes a circulating flow between the secondary reaction column 9 and the secondary aeration column 7, without the need for an external power source, reducing the amount of waste water containing organic matter and nitrogen. energy consumption during processing.

The wastewater treatment method of the two-stage self-circulating split aeration combined tower for treating organic nitrogen-containing wastewater according to the present invention is realized by the following steps:

a). Inlet and aeration, the wastewater containing organic matter and nitrogen to be treated flows into the aeration column through the water inlet pipe, and under the aeration action of the aeration plate at the bottom of the aeration column, the aeration and oxygenation of the wastewater is realized, After aeration, the density of the wastewater at the bottom of the aeration column decreases and the pressure decreases. Under the action of the pressure difference, the wastewater in the primary reaction column flows into the bottom of the aeration column; the aerated wastewater rises and the water enters the aeration column. The liquid level rises, and the waste water at the upper part of the aeration column enters the water distribution pipe at the bottom of the reaction column through the connecting column under the action of the liquid level difference, realizing the circulation of waste water between the aeration column and the reaction column without external power source. flow;

b). Water distribution and an aerobic reaction, the inlet water of the connecting column flows out through the water distribution holes on the water distribution pipe, and the downward effluent will wash away the sludge at the bottom of the reaction column to prevent sludge accumulation; the wastewater after uniform distribution of water In the process of uniformly rising from bottom to top in the reaction column, fully contact with the microorganisms in the granular sludge in the reaction column to remove the organic matter in the wastewater and consume the dissolved oxygen in the wastewater;

c). Once reflux and effluent, most of the wastewater in the reaction column is refluxed into the aeration column through the reflux column, and the remaining small part enters the secondary aeration column through the connecting port, and the wastewater passes through the aeration column and the reaction column for many times. After the cycle treatment between the two, the removal of organic matter in the wastewater is realized;

d). Secondary aeration, under the aeration action of the aeration disc in the secondary aeration column, oxygenates the wastewater in the secondary aeration column, and at the same time, under the action of the pressure difference, the waste water in the secondary reaction column is oxygenated. The wastewater flows back to the secondary aeration column through the secondary reflux column. Under the action of the liquid level difference, the wastewater on the upper part of the secondary aeration column flows into the secondary reaction column through the secondary connecting column, so that the wastewater can be separated from the secondary aeration column with the secondary aeration column. circulating flow between the reaction columns;

e). Water distribution and secondary aerobic reaction, the wastewater after aeration and oxygenation is uniformly distributed through the water distribution pipe at the bottom of the secondary reaction column. In the lower part of the reaction column, there is a short-range nitrification sludge. The microorganisms in the sewage undergo a short-range nitrification reaction under anoxic conditions, converting part of the ammonia nitrogen into nitrite. The upper part of the secondary reaction column is distributed with anaerobic sludge that is dominant. Ammonia oxidation sludge, the residual ammonia nitrogen in the sewage and the nitrite nitrogen generated by the reaction undergo anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction to achieve denitrification;

f). Secondary reflux and effluent, most of the wastewater after nitrification and denitrification in the secondary reaction column is refluxed to the secondary aeration column through the secondary reflux column, and the remaining small part is discharged through the outlet pipe, and the wastewater is After several cycles of treatment between the secondary reaction column and the secondary aeration column, the denitrification of the wastewater is realized.

Both the reaction column 4 and the secondary reaction column 9 are started with ordinary flocculent sludge, and the sludge settling performance is poor at the beginning. Therefore, it is necessary to control the amount of aeration in the aeration column to make the rising flow rate of sewage in each reaction column lower. Instead of sludge loss, with the increase of sludge settling performance, the dissolved oxygen and return flow in the reaction column are strictly controlled according to the concentration of pollutants in the sewage to domesticate the required functional bacteria and make them become dominant bacteria, thus completing Boot process.

The sewage in the reaction column 4 flows rapidly from bottom to top, and the upward flow velocity can reach 10-30m/h. The sewage is fully contacted with the sludge therein, and the organic pollutants in the sewage are removed under the action of microorganisms. To achieve the removal of organic matter in the primary cycle, the ammonia nitrogen will not or only be degraded in a small amount. It is necessary to strictly control the amount of dissolved oxygen and the return flow. According to the return flow of sewage and the concentration of organic matter in the influent, it can be estimated that the amount of organic matter consumed can be estimated. The required amount of dissolved oxygen, and at the same time, it is necessary to control the amount of aeration so that the dissolved oxygen of the sewage in the reaction column 4 is 0.5-3 mg/L, so that the ammonia nitrogen will not be degraded in large quantities.

Under the screening of higher rising flow rate, the sedimentation performance of the sludge in the reaction column 4 is better. If it is flocculent sludge, the sewage can be fully contacted with the flocculent sludge, and if it is granular sludge, it can achieve larger The sludge concentration can effectively remove organic matter. During the rapid upward flow of the sewage in the secondary reaction column 9, the sewage and the sludge are fully contacted. With the difference of the rising flow rate and the resistance, there are sludges with different settling properties and different functions. In the lower part of the reaction column, there is a short-range nitrification distribution. Sludge, the microorganisms in the sewage convert part of the ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen under anoxic conditions and undergo a short-range nitrification reaction. In the upper part of the reaction column, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge is the dominant sludge, and the remaining ammonia nitrogen in the sewage reacts with the generated nitrite. Nitrite nitrogen undergoes anammox reaction to achieve denitrification.

The sewage in the upper part of the secondary reaction column 9 and the flocculent sludge with poor settling performance carried by the secondary reflux column 10 are returned to the secondary aeration column 7 in large quantities, and the sewage injected from the connection port 6 is diluted, and a small amount passes through the outlet. The water pipe 11 flows out. To achieve autotrophic denitrification in sewage in the secondary cycle, the dissolved oxygen in the reaction column and the return flow of sewage in the secondary cycle must be strictly controlled. According to the return flow of sewage, the amount of influent, etc., 60% of the influent is estimated The amount of dissolved oxygen required to convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrous nitrogen, and at the same time control the amount of aeration, so that the dissolved oxygen in the sewage entering the secondary reaction column 9 is 0.2-1, so as to ensure the short-range nitrification of the sewage instead of the whole-process nitrification.

The rising flow rate of sewage in reaction column 4 and secondary reaction column 9 is determined by the height and cross-sectional area of each reaction column, the expansion rate of sewage in each aeration column, and other factors, and the rising flow rate of sewage determines the return flow of sewage in the reaction column.

Example 3

As shown in Fig. 15 to Fig. 18, the front view, rear view, top view and perspective view of the independent aeration two-stage self-circulation combined tower of the present invention are respectively given. Independent aeration two-stage self-circulation combined tower is composed of water inlet pipe 1, anaerobic reaction column 15, aeration column 2, reaction column 4, water outlet pipe 11, aeration plate 12, connecting column 3, water distribution pipe 13, and reflux column 5. , the anaerobic reaction column 15, the aeration column 2 and the reaction column 4 are arranged vertically, and the anaerobic reaction column 15 and the reaction column 4 are located on both sides of the aeration column 2, and the bottom of the water inlet pipe 1 and the anaerobic reaction column 15 Connected, under the action of the water pump, the high-concentration organic waste water to be treated flows into the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column 15 through the water inlet pipe 1, and the top of the anaerobic reaction column 15 is provided with a sealing cover 21 to ensure that the anaerobic reaction column 15 is in a sealed state, Anaerobic granular sludge is cultured in the anaerobic reaction column 15 .

The upper part of the anaerobic reaction column 15 is communicated with the upper part of the aeration column 2 through the connection port 6, and the upper part of the anaerobic reaction column 15 is provided with a three-phase separator. The sludge) is trapped in the anaerobic reaction column 15, the liquid enters the aeration column 2 through the connection port 6, and the gas is the biogas generated in the anaerobic reaction stage of the high-concentration organic wastewater, and the gas is collected by the biogas collection device. The aeration plate 12 is arranged at the bottom of the aeration column 2. The aeration plate 12 is used to aerate and oxygenate the organic waste water at the bottom of the aeration column 2. The bottom of the reaction column 4 is provided with a water distribution pipe 13, which is used to realize the inflow of water. The organic waste water is evenly distributed to the bottom of the reaction column 4 .

The shown aeration column 2 is communicated with the water distribution pipe 13 through the connection column 3, the connection column 3 is arranged vertically, the upper end of the connection column 3 is communicated with the upper part of the aeration column 2, and the lower end of the connection column 3 is connected with the inlet of the water distribution pipe 13. The water outlet is connected. The water distribution pipe 13 is evenly provided with a number of downward water distribution holes 14, and the water distribution pipe 13 downwards can flush out the sludge at the bottom of the reaction column 4 to avoid sludge accumulation, and can also prevent the water distribution holes 14 from being blocked. . The water distribution pipe 13 may adopt an annular shape. The water outlet pipe 11 communicates with the upper part of the reaction column 4 , and the waste water after anaerobic and aerobic treatment is discharged through the water outlet pipe 11 . The aerobic granular sludge is cultured in the reaction column 4 .

The shown reaction column 4 is communicated with the aeration column 2 through the reflux column 5, the reflux column 5 is also arranged vertically, the upper end of the reflux column 5 is communicated with the upper part of the reaction column 2, and the lower end of the reflux column 5 is connected with the aeration column 2. connected to the lower part. During the process of aeration and oxygenation of the organic waste water in the lower part of the aeration column 2 by the aeration plate 12, the waste water is aerated and expanded, the density of the expanded waste water is reduced and the pressure is reduced, and the waste water in the reaction column 4 is affected by the pressure difference. Flow down into the aeration column 2. The sewage in the reaction column 4 flows into the aeration column 2, so that the liquid level of the aeration column 2 rises and the liquid level of the reaction column 4 drops. The water pipe 13 enters the reaction column 4 after the water is evenly distributed by the water distribution pipe 13 . In this way, the circulating flow of the organic wastewater before the aeration column 2 and the reaction column 4 is realized, no external power source is needed, and the energy consumption in the wastewater treatment process is reduced.

The high-concentration organic wastewater is first pumped into the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column 15 through the water inlet pipe 1; the wastewater enters the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column 15, and fully contacts with the granular sludge therein to generate biogas. The effect of wastewater on water pressure and biogas disturbance Flow down and up. The anaerobic reaction column 15 can withstand a high hydraulic load and produces fast gas, so the entire anaerobic reaction column 15 is an anaerobic granular sludge bed, the wastewater and the granular sludge can be fully contacted, and most of the organic matter is removed under the action of microorganisms , the removal rate can reach more than 85%.

The aeration plate 12 in the aeration column 2 releases oxygen for microporous aeration, increasing the dissolved oxygen in the water. The oxygen flushing efficiency in the aeration column 2 can directly affect the removal efficiency of organic matter, and the better the oxygen flushing effect of the wastewater is. , The higher the dissolved oxygen, the more COD can be consumed, so the removal effect of organic matter is better. The wastewater in the reaction column 4 flows from bottom to top, and the wastewater is fully contacted with the aerobic granular sludge and flocculent sludge therein, and the remaining organic matter is removed under the action of microorganisms. The wastewater in the reaction column 4 has a relatively fast upward flow rate, which can reach more than 20m/h. The suspended sludge in the tank is subjected to the shear force of the upward water flow to achieve granulation in a short time, showing the characteristics of smooth surface and dense structure. , and has good sedimentation performance and the ability to remove COD.

The bottom of the reaction column 4 has the highest dissolved oxygen. With the removal of organic matter, the dissolved oxygen is also consumed. The higher the dissolved oxygen, the lower the dissolved oxygen. Therefore, the distribution of microorganisms at different heights is different, and the reactions that occur are also different. It is aerobic reaction, the reaction rate is faster, and the reaction rate of anoxic and anaerobic reactions in the upper part is slower. The rising flow rate of wastewater in the reaction column 4 is determined by factors such as the expansion rate of the wastewater in the aeration column 2, the height and cross-sectional area of the reaction column 4, and the higher the expansion rate, the higher the height, and the smaller the cross-sectional area. Therefore, the height and diameter of the reaction column are relatively large, which can reach 3-8.

In the initial stage of the start-up of the combined tower and the cultivation of granular sludge in the reaction column 4, there is a large amount of suspended sludge. A large amount of suspended sludge with light weight and poor sedimentation performance exists in the upper part of the reaction column 4, and most of them enter the reflux column 5 and continue to circulate in the system. , may gradually become granular sludge, and a small part of the suspended sludge is discharged through the outlet pipe 11. With the formation of granular sludge, the suspended sludge gradually decreases, and there is almost no suspended sludge when the combined tower is fully started.

Most of the waste water and the carried sludge in the upper part of the reaction column 4 return to the aeration column 2 through the return column 5 for circulation, and a small amount flows out through the water outlet pipe 11, and the return flow is tens to hundreds of times the water output.

The wastewater in the aeration column 2 is subjected to microporous aeration, which can generate an expansion rate of 20%-50%, so that the density of the wastewater at the lower end of the aeration column 2 is lower than the density of the reflux wastewater at the same liquid level in the reflux column 5, resulting in a pressure difference. Therefore, the wastewater can realize self-return without any external power, and the return flow can even reach hundreds of times of the influent flow. The return flow of waste water is determined by the rising flow rate of waste water in the reaction column 4 and the head loss during the flow of the waste water. In order to reduce the head loss, the pipe diameters of the connecting column 3 and the return column 5 are larger (greater than 200 mm), and in Minimize right-angle connections at the connection ports and use elbows instead.

The wastewater treatment process of the independent aeration two-stage self-circulation combined tower for treating high-concentration organic wastewater of the present invention is realized by the following steps:

a). Influent and anaerobic reaction. Under the action of the water pump, the high-concentration organic wastewater to be treated is pumped into the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column through the water inlet pipe. Fully contact with the anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic granular sludge, and remove most of the organic matter in the wastewater through the anaerobic reaction; under the action of the liquid level difference, the wastewater at the upper part of the anaerobic reaction column enters the aeration column through the connection port;

b). Aeration and self-circulation. Under the aeration of the aeration plate, the wastewater at the bottom of the aeration column is aerated and oxygenated. The density of the wastewater after aeration and oxygenation is reduced and the pressure is reduced, so that the The wastewater enters the bottom of the aeration column under the action of the pressure difference, and the aeration makes the liquid level of the aeration column rise. Under the action of the liquid level difference, the wastewater in the aeration column enters the water distribution pipe through the connecting column. The circulating flow between the aeration column and the reaction column does not require a power source;

c). Water distribution and aerobic reaction. After the waste water enters the water distribution pipe from the connecting column, it is discharged through the downward water distribution hole set on the water distribution pipe to realize uniform water distribution at the bottom of the reaction column; the waste water is in the water distribution pipe. In the process of rising uniformly from bottom to top, it is fully contacted with aerobic microorganisms in aerobic granular sludge, and the remaining COD in the water is removed by aerobic reaction; in the process of rising waste water in the reaction column, along with the removal of organic matter, dissolved Oxygen is also consumed, and anoxic and anaerobic reactions occur in the upper part;

d). Reflux and effluent. Most of the wastewater treated by the reaction column is returned to the aeration column through the reflux column, and a small part of the remaining is discharged through the water outlet pipe.

Example 4

As shown in Fig. 21, Fig. 22, Fig. 23 and Fig. 24, the front view, rear view, right view and top view of the split aeration combined tower for treating high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater of the present invention are respectively given , Figure 25 and Figure 26 have given its perspective view, Figure 27 and Figure 28 have given its cross-sectional view, the split aeration combined tower shown is composed of water inlet pipe 1, anaerobic reaction column 15, aeration column 2, reaction The column 4, the water outlet pipe 11, the aeration plate 12 and the water distribution pipe 13 are composed. The water inlet pipe 1 communicates with the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column 15, and the reaction column 4 communicates with the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column 15 through the third communication column 17. After the high-concentration organic nitrogen-containing wastewater enters the bottom of the anaerobic reaction column 15 through the water inlet pipe, it is mixed with the wastewater returning through the third communication column 17, and anaerobic anaerobicity occurs under the action of microorganisms in the anaerobic sludge in the reaction column 4. Oxygen reaction to remove COD in influent and COD, nitrate and/or refractory substances in return water.

The anaerobic reaction column 15 communicates with the aeration column 2 through the first communication column 16 , the water inlet of the first communication column 16 communicates with the upper end of the anaerobic reaction column 15 , and the water outlet communicates with the lower end of the aeration column 2 . The aeration plate 12 is arranged at the bottom of the aeration column 2, the water distribution pipe 13 is arranged at the bottom of the reaction column 4, the aeration column 2 is communicated with the reaction column 4 through the connection column 3, and the water inlet of the connection column 3 is connected with the aeration column 2. The upper end of the connecting column 3 is communicated with the water inlet of the water distribution pipe 13. Under the aeration action of the aeration plate 12, oxygenation of the wastewater in the aeration column 2 is realized. After aeration and oxygenation, the wastewater in the aeration column 2 expands and the density decreases. The pressure is lower than the water pressure in the anaerobic reaction column 15, and the wastewater in the anaerobic reaction column 15 is forced to automatically flow into the aeration column 2 under the action of the pressure difference, so as to realize the automatic flow of the wastewater. It can be seen that because the aeration column 2 adopts a separate form The arrangement not only realizes the oxygenation and stirring of the wastewater during the aeration process, but also provides a power source for the circulating flow of the wastewater in the entire combined tower.

As the waste water in the aeration column 2 continues to rise, the waste water in the aeration column 2 flows into the water distribution pipe 13 through the connecting column 3 under the action of the liquid level difference, and flows out through the water distribution hole 14 on the water distribution pipe 13 to realize the inflow Uniform distribution of waste water on the cross section of reaction column 4 . The water distribution holes 14 on the water distribution pipe 13 are opened in the direction, and the outlet water flows downward, which can prevent sludge from sedimentation and accumulation in the reaction column 4 and prevent the water distribution holes 14 from being blocked. The water distribution pipe 13 shown can be annular, and a plurality of water distribution holes 14 are formed on the lower surface of the annular water distribution pipe 13 at equal intervals, so as to achieve a good and uniform water distribution effect.

The shown reaction column 4 is communicated with the anaerobic reaction column 15 through the third communication column 17, the water inlet of the third communication column 17 is communicated with the upper end of the reaction column 4, and the water outlet of the third communication column 17 is communicated with the anaerobic reaction column. The lower ends of the columns 15 communicate with each other. The water outlet pipe 11 is communicated with the upper part of the reaction column 4, and the inner diameter of the water outlet pipe 11 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the third communication column 17, so as to satisfy the return water of the waste water through the third communication column 17 after the treatment of the reaction column 4, and the water outlet pipe 11 dozens of times that of the water.

During the rising process of the wastewater in the reaction column 4, the oxygen content in the wastewater is the highest in the initial stage, and an aerobic reaction occurs under the action of microorganisms in the aerobic granular sludge to remove the organic matter and/or ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater; With the continuous rise and continuous consumption of dissolved oxygen, when the waste water rises to the upper part of the reaction column 4, it is in an oxygen-deficient state. At the same time, when the wastewater rises in the reaction column 4, under the action of the shear force of the water flow, the sludge is distributed in a state in which the granular sludge with good sedimentation performance is on the bottom and the flocculent sludge with poor sedimentation performance is on the top, which is beneficial to The formation and growth of granular sludge ensures that the reaction column 4 always has a strong sewage treatment capacity.

Most of the sewage treated by the reaction column 4 is returned to the anaerobic reaction column 15 through the third communication column 17 , and a small part is discharged through the water outlet pipe 11 . The waste water returned to the anaerobic reaction column 15 is mixed with the influent water and then purified by the anaerobic reaction column 15 again, and the flocculent sludge carried in the back water further participates in the formation of granular sludge in the anaerobic reaction column 15 and the reaction column 4. and growth. Since the return flow is dozens of times of the discharge (equal to the inflow), the wastewater will be recycled dozens of times in the combined tower to ensure that the effluent meets the discharge standard.

As shown in FIG. 29, a perspective view of another structural form of the split aeration combined tower for treating high-concentration organic and/or nitrogen-containing wastewater of the present invention is given. Except that the sealing cover 21 is provided on the communication column 17 and the top of the anaerobic reaction column 15, the rest of the structure is the same as that in the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, the water inlet pipe 1 communicates with the upper end of the third communication column 17 , so that the inlet water is mixed with the sewage in the third communication column 17 and then enters the anaerobic reaction column 15 . By disposing the sealing cover 21 in the anaerobic reaction column 15, it is ensured that the anaerobic reaction column 15 always has a good anoxic environment.

In the initial stage of wastewater treatment, the reaction column 4 is started with ordinary flocculent sludge, and the sludge settling performance is poor at the beginning. Therefore, it is necessary to control the amount of aeration in the aeration column 2 to be small, so that the upward flow rate of the sewage in the reaction column 4 is low and not As for the loss of sludge, during the upstream process of the sewage in reaction column 4, the sludge is gradually granulated under the action of shear force, etc., and the settling performance is improved. At this time, the aeration volume is gradually increased, the upward flow rate and return flow of the sewage are increased, and finally the aeration volume is increased. The gas volume and the return flow reach the maximum value, and the startup is completed. This process can be realized in about a week to half a month.

The aeration column 2 adopts microporous aeration to expand the sewage, and the expansion rate can reach 20%-60%. The flow rate of the anaerobic reaction column 15 entering the aeration column 2 is determined by the rising speed of the sewage in the reaction column 4 and the anaerobic reaction column 15 and the head loss. , the diameters of the first communication column 16, the connection column 3 and the third communication column 17 are as large as possible, and the size of the connection port should be the same as the column size as much as possible, and the amount of elbows should be reduced as much as possible. Tubes can reduce head losses. The rising flow rate of the sewage in the reaction column 4 and the anaerobic reaction column 15 is determined by a variety of factors. The higher the height of the oxygen reaction column 15, the higher the power generated; the cross-sectional area of the reaction column 4 and the anaerobic reaction column 15 is also a factor affecting the upward flow rate of the sewage, so the height-diameter ratio of the two reaction columns is relatively large, The range is 3-10. Since flocculent sludge may be carried in the outlet, a filter device can be arranged at the water outlet of the water outlet pipe 11 to intercept suspended solids.

The method for treating high-concentration organic nitrogen-containing wastewater by the split aeration combined tower of the present invention is as follows:

a). Anaerobic reaction, the high-concentration organic nitrogen-containing wastewater to be treated enters the anaerobic reaction column through the water inlet pipe, and is mixed with the wastewater returning through the third communication column, and anaerobic reaction occurs under the action of microorganisms in the anaerobic sludge. Oxygen reaction to remove COD in influent water and nitrate, COD and refractory substances in return water;

b). Automatic water intake and aeration. The aeration plate aerates and oxygenates the wastewater entering the aeration column. The aeration expands and the density of the wastewater decreases, so that the water pressure in the aeration column at the same height is lower than that of the anaerobic reaction column. The water pressure in the anaerobic reaction column forces the wastewater in the anaerobic reaction column to automatically flow into the aeration column, and the aeration provides a power source for the automatic circulating flow of the wastewater in the entire combined tower;

c). Aerobic reaction, under the action of the liquid level difference, the waste water at the upper part of the aeration column enters the reaction column through the connecting column, and the water is evenly distributed under the action of the water distribution pipe. Under the action of microorganisms in the aerobic granular sludge, an aerobic reaction occurs to remove COD in the water and convert ammonia nitrogen; as the wastewater rises in the reaction column and the oxygen is consumed by the aerobic reaction, the sewage flows to the top of the reaction column. Anoxic At the same time, in the process of wastewater rising, the sludge is distributed with granular sludge with good sedimentation performance on the bottom and flocculent sludge with poor sedimentation performance on the top, which is beneficial to aerobic granular sludge. Mud formation and growth;

d). Backflow and discharge of waste water. Under the action of liquid level difference, the waste water in the upper part of the reaction column and the flocculent sludge carried by it enter the anaerobic reaction column through the third communication column to realize the return of waste water; the treated waste water passes through the outlet pipe Discharge, the return flow is dozens of times of the effluent, so that the wastewater can be recycled dozens of times through the combined tower to ensure that the effluent meets the standard; the returned flocculent sludge further participates in the anaerobic reaction column and the granular sludge in the reaction column. form and generate.

The method for treating high-concentration organic waste water by the split aeration combined tower of the present invention is as follows:

1). Influent and anaerobic reaction, the high-concentration organic wastewater to be treated flows in through the intake pipe, and is fully mixed with the wastewater returning through the third communication column, and the fully mixed influent and return water rise in the anaerobic reaction column In the process, it fully contacts with the anaerobic granular sludge, consumes the organic matter in the sewage and produces biogas under the action of microorganisms, and the sewage rises rapidly under the disturbance of the incoming water and the generated gas, and the entire anaerobic reaction column is Oxygen granular sludge expanded bed, a large number of organic pollutants are removed under the action of microorganisms;

2) Aeration and self-circulation, under the aeration action of the aeration plate, not only the oxygenation of the sewage at the bottom of the aeration column is realized, but also the density and pressure of the sewage at the bottom of the aeration column are reduced by aeration, Make the sewage pressure in the first communication column higher than the sewage pressure in the aeration column under the same height liquid level. Under the action of the pressure difference, the sewage in the anaerobic reaction column flows into the aeration column through the first communication column. The inflow and aeration of the aeration plate make the liquid level of the aeration column rise. Under the action of the liquid level difference, the sewage in the aeration column flows into the reaction column through the connecting column. Under the action of the liquid level difference, the sewage in the reaction column flows into the reaction column. It flows into the anaerobic reaction column through the third communication column, realizing the circulating flow of sewage in the anaerobic reaction column-aeration column-reaction column without external power source;

3). The water distribution and aerobic reaction, the sewage after aeration and oxygenation flows into the water distribution pipe through the connecting column, and then flows out through the evenly downward water distribution holes on the water distribution pipe, so as to realize the uniform distribution of the sewage at the bottom of the reaction column. The bottom effluent can disperse the sludge at the bottom of the reaction column to avoid sludge deposition; the dissolved oxygen content in the sewage entering the bottom of the reaction column is high, and the sewage flows rapidly upward in the reaction column, which has a better precipitation performance. The granular sludge is fully contacted, and under the action of microorganisms, the remaining organic pollutants in the sewage are removed;

4). Effluent and reflux, under the action of liquid level difference, most of the sewage in the reaction column flows back to the anaerobic reaction column through the third communication column, and a small part of the remaining sewage is discharged through the outlet pipe, and the return flow is the amount of water. Dozens to hundreds of times, so that the sewage can be discharged after tens to hundreds of cycles.

Among them, in the start-up stage, the anaerobic reaction column 15 is started with anaerobic granular sludge, which can save the start-up time; the reaction column 4 is started with ordinary flocculent sludge, which has poor sedimentation performance, so the aeration should be controlled in the early stage of cultivation. With the formation of sludge with better sedimentation performance (such as aerobic granular sludge), the aeration volume gradually increases, and finally reaches the maximum. This process takes about a week to half a month. The whole column of the anaerobic reaction column 15 is in a closed state, with a water distribution pipe at the bottom, a three-phase separator on the upper part to trap the anaerobic granular sludge in the reaction column, and a gas collection device.

In the early stage of operation and cultivation, there will be suspended sludge with poor sedimentation performance in the reaction column 4, which is located in the upper part of the reaction column 4. Most of this kind of sludge continues to circulate in the system, and has the opportunity to become granular sludge, and a small amount passes through the water outlet pipe. When the granular sludge is completely formed, the suspended sludge will be greatly reduced. In order to ensure that the concentration of suspended particles in the effluent is low, a filter device can be installed at the outlet pipe.

When the split aeration combined tower of the present invention is used to treat high-concentration nitrogen-containing wastewater, the untreated wastewater is first mixed with the wastewater in the third communication column 17 to enter the anaerobic reaction column 15, and the sewage is mixed with the anaerobic reaction column 15 in the anaerobic reaction column 15. Oxyammonium oxidation granular sludge (red bacteria) is fully contacted, and the ammonia nitrogen in the influent and the nitrite nitrogen in the return water undergo anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction to generate nitrogen, and remove the nitrite nitrogen and part of the ammonia nitrogen in the water; anaerobic reaction column 15 The upper sewage enters the aeration column 2 through the first communication column 16 for aeration, and flows into the reaction column 4 through the connection column 3 under the action of the liquid level difference, and the reaction column 4 (or called the nitrosation reaction column) is controlled by controlling the amount of aeration. ), the dissolved oxygen in the sewage is between 0.2-1, the sewage is fully contacted with the sludge with good sedimentation performance, and a nitrosation reaction occurs, converting about 60% of ammonia nitrogen into nitrous nitrogen, and a large amount of this part of the sewage is completely mixed with the influent water It enters the anaerobic reaction column 15 for circulation, and discharges a small amount. After tens to hundreds of times of circulation treatment, the sewage reaches the discharge standard.

Claims

An aeration combined tower for treating organic waste water, comprising a water inlet pipe (1), at least one set of treatment equipment and a water outlet pipe (11), the treatment equipment includes an aeration column (2) and a reaction column (4), and the water inlet pipe is directed to the aeration column (2) and a reaction column (4). The organic waste water to be treated is introduced into the air column (2); the waste water treated by the reaction column (4) is discharged through the water outlet; A water distribution pipe (13) is provided; the aeration column is communicated with the water distribution pipe in the reaction column through the connection column (3), and the reaction column is communicated with the aeration column through the reflux column (5); the upper end of the connection column is connected with the aeration column The upper part is communicated with the upper part of the reaction column, the lower end is communicated with the water distribution pipe in the reaction column, the upper end of the reflux column is communicated with the upper part of the reaction column, and the lower end is communicated with the lower part of the aeration column;

During the aeration of the aeration plate rising in the aeration column, the return water in the aeration column mixes with the influent water and the density decreases, which reduces the pressure of the water body at the bottom of the aeration column and forces the wastewater in the reaction column to pass through the return column. The wastewater flows into the aeration column to realize the self-circulation flow of the water body; the wastewater in the aeration column enters the bottom of the reaction column evenly through the connecting column and the water distribution pipe. The microorganisms in the mud use dissolved oxygen to consume organic matter in the wastewater to realize wastewater treatment.
The aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein an anaerobic reaction column (15) is arranged between the water inlet pipe (1) and the aeration column (2), and the water inlet The pipe is used to feed the wastewater to be treated into the anaerobic reaction column; the anaerobic reaction column is communicated with the aeration column (2) through the first communication column (16), and one end of the first communication column (16) is connected to the anaerobic reaction column (16). The upper end of the reaction column (16) communicates with the lower end of the aeration column (2); the reaction column communicates with the anaerobic reaction column (15) through the third communication column (17), and the third communication column ( One end of 17) is communicated with the upper end of the reaction column (4), and the other end is communicated with the lower end of the anaerobic reaction column (16); both the anaerobic reaction column (16) and the reaction column (4) are cultured with granular sludge .
The aeration combined tower for treating organic waste water according to claim 2, wherein a three-phase separator is arranged on the upper part of the anaerobic reaction column (15), and the solid matter separated by the three-phase separator is trapped in the anaerobic reaction column (15). In the oxygen reaction column, the separated liquid enters the aeration column (2) through the connection port (6), and the separated biogas enters the biogas collection device.
The aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater according to claim 2, wherein the water inlet pipe (1) is arranged on the anaerobic reaction column (15) or the third communication column (17), and the water inlet pipe When it is arranged on the anaerobic reaction column, it communicates with its bottom, and when it is arranged on the third communication column, it communicates with its upper part.
The aeration combined tower for treating organic waste water according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the water distribution pipe (13) is annular, and water distribution holes (14) are evenly provided on the lower surface of the annular water distribution pipe. ), the heights of all water distribution holes are on the same level.
The aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connecting column, the reflux column and the first communication column are arranged vertically or inclined.
The aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the reaction column (2) and the aeration column (4) ranges from 3 to 10 .
A method for treating organic wastewater based on the aeration combined tower for treating organic wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

a) Aeration, reflux and oxygenation, the organic waste water enters the aeration column through the water inlet pipe, and under the aeration effect of the aeration plate, the influent water and the waste water returning through the reflux column are fully mixed, and the water body is aerated while stirring. At the same time, in the process of aeration of the aeration plate rising with the water body, the density of the water body in the aeration column decreases and the pressure decreases, forcing the waste water above the reaction column to flow into the aeration column through the reflux column to realize self-circulation;

b) Distribute water evenly, the waste water at the upper end of the aeration column enters the connection column through the first communication port, the waste water at the bottom of the connection column enters the water distribution pipe, and flows out through the water distribution hole on the water distribution pipe to achieve uniform water distribution to the bottom of the reaction column ;

c) Granular sludge is formed. During the process of wastewater flowing upward from the bottom in the reaction column, the suspended sludge in the reaction column is subjected to the shearing force of the upward water flow, which promotes the formation of granular sludge, and then the sludge becomes more and more granulated. The larger the size, the better the settling performance, showing the characteristics of smooth surface and dense structure; the flocculent sludge with poor settling performance in the wastewater rises with the water flow and is discharged through the water outlet;

d) Removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen. During the process of wastewater flowing through the middle and lower part of the reaction column, microorganisms in the granular sludge use dissolved oxygen to consume the organic matter in the wastewater and oxidize ammonia nitrogen. When the wastewater rises to the upper part of the reaction column , the dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced to an anoxic state and denitrification occurs to achieve the removal of nitrogen in the wastewater;

e) Recirculation and discharge of wastewater, most of the wastewater treated by the reaction column is returned to the aeration column through the reflux column, and then enters the reaction column again, and the flocculent sludge in the wastewater that enters the reaction column again is sheared by the sewage Under the action of force, granular sludge is further formed; a small amount of wastewater is discharged through the outlet pipe, and the return flow of sewage is tens to hundreds of times that of the discharge.
The method for treating organic wastewater according to claim 8, characterized in that, anaerobic reaction or anoxic denitrification reaction is carried out before a) aeration, reflux and oxygenation, and the high-concentration organic wastewater to be treated enters directly through the water inlet pipe The bottom of the anaerobic reaction column may be mixed with the waste water returned through the third communication column. During the process of uniform rise of the waste water from bottom to top in the anaerobic reaction column, it is fully contacted with the microorganisms in the anaerobic granular sludge, and the waste water is removed by the reaction. Most of the organic matter in the anaerobic reaction column can be denitrified to remove nitrogen elements; under the action of the pressure difference, the waste water in the upper part of the anaerobic reaction column enters the aeration column through the connection port.
The method for treating organic wastewater according to claim 8, characterized in that, after the step of d) removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, secondary aeration, secondary automatic circulation and related reactions are performed, and then e) step wastewater is performed Recirculation and discharge, strengthen the removal of organic matter and nitrogen.