WO2022099990A1 - 一种装配式轮胎板桩墙及其施工方法 - Google Patents

一种装配式轮胎板桩墙及其施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022099990A1
WO2022099990A1 PCT/CN2021/086601 CN2021086601W WO2022099990A1 WO 2022099990 A1 WO2022099990 A1 WO 2022099990A1 CN 2021086601 W CN2021086601 W CN 2021086601W WO 2022099990 A1 WO2022099990 A1 WO 2022099990A1
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Prior art keywords
sheet pile
prefabricated
prefabricated sheet
block
tire
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PCT/CN2021/086601
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王丽艳
唐跃
吴联棒
竺明星
王炳辉
孙可
张雷
农珍珍
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Publication of WO2022099990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022099990A1/zh
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
    • E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sheet pile wall for civil construction facilities and a construction method thereof, in particular to an assembled tire sheet pile wall and a construction method thereof.
  • Sheet pile wall is a kind of retaining structure formed by upright slat-like members.
  • sheet pile wall has been used more and more.
  • traffic accidents in rivers, lakeshores, coasts, mountain roads, and expressways occur from time to time, occasionally causing the overall destruction of the embankment structures of rivers or roads.
  • a lot of financial resources and time costs The traditional sheet pile wall needs to be poured on site, and it consumes time and human resources. After the installation encounters the overall damage of the sheet pile wall, it will cause economic losses because it cannot be replaced in time.
  • the Chinese Patent Application No. 2018218198222 discloses a prefabricated special-shaped hollow sheet pile wall. Since the blocks are connected by bolts, the assembly efficiency will be greatly affected; the Chinese Patent Application No.
  • 2019216199403 discloses a prefabricated earth retaining When the wall is damaged, it cannot replace the block in time, resulting in a waste of resources;
  • the Chinese patent application number 2019219324000 discloses a prefabricated block retaining wall, but its structure cannot withstand the impact of external forces, and it is safer lower.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tire sheet pile wall that can quickly replace the wall and can buffer external forces; the second purpose of the present invention is to provide the above construction method of the tire sheet pile wall.
  • a prefabricated tire sheet pile wall of the present invention includes a base layer arranged at the bottom for piling, a plurality of filling layers arranged on the base layer for forming a wall, and a top layer arranged on the upper part of the filling layer
  • a connecting layer for anchoring is provided between the base layer and the filling layer, between the adjacent filling layers, and between the filling layer and the top layer; It is composed of sheet pile blocks, the ends of two adjacent first prefabricated sheet pile blocks in the same connection layer are provided with a first protrusion and a first groove that are adapted, and the top and bottom of the first prefabricated sheet pile blocks are A mounting groove for fixing is also provided; tires for buffering external force are provided on the sidewalls of the filling layer, the connecting layer and the top layer.
  • connection layer by setting the connection layer, the wall blocks of the sheet pile wall are stacked and connected through the grooves of their own structures.
  • the wall When the wall is damaged, single or multiple damaged walls can also be replaced.
  • the overall installation efficiency of the sheet pile wall, and the combination of grooves and protrusions also improves the structural stability of the sheet pile wall.
  • tires are arranged on the outer surface of the wall, which greatly improves the wall due to the cushioning capacity of the tire itself. impact resistance of the body.
  • the concrete grade of the first prefabricated sheet pile block is C40-C80
  • the height of the sheet pile block is 300-450mm
  • the length is 2400-2800mm
  • the thickness is 300-600mm
  • the depth of the first protrusion is 100-150mm
  • the first groove is 100-150mm deep.
  • the depth of the installation groove is 100-150mm, and the depth of the installation groove is 120-180mm.
  • the overall height of the wall body can be adjusted according to the number of filling layers, and the filling layer is composed of the second prefabricated sheet pile block, the third prefabricated sheet pile block and the fourth prefabricated sheet pile block sequentially spliced along the left and right directions.
  • the two ends of the second prefabricated sheet pile block are provided with second grooves
  • the two ends of the third prefabricated sheet pile block are respectively provided with a third protrusion and a third groove
  • the fourth The two ends of the prefabricated sheet pile block are provided with fourth protrusions
  • the second groove is for the third protrusion to be installed in the up-down direction
  • the third groove is for the fourth protrusion to be installed in the up-down direction
  • the The top and bottom of the second prefabricated sheet pile block, the third prefabricated sheet pile block and the fourth prefabricated sheet pile are provided with mounting protrusions corresponding to the mounting grooves.
  • the concrete grades of the second prefabricated sheet pile block, the third prefabricated sheet pile block and the fourth prefabricated sheet pile block are C40-C80, wherein the height of the second prefabricated sheet pile block and the fourth prefabricated sheet pile block is 300 ⁇ C80 450mm, length 1200-1400mm, thickness 300-600mm; the height of the third prefabricated sheet pile block is 300-450mm, length 2400-2800mm, thickness 300-600mm; the depth of the second groove is 100-150mm, the third convex The depth of the mounting protrusion is 100-150 mm, the depth of the third groove is 100-150 mm, the depth of the fourth protrusion is 100-150 mm, and the depth of the mounting protrusion is 120-180 mm.
  • the top layer is composed of a fifth prefabricated sheet pile block, a sixth prefabricated sheet pile block and a seventh prefabricated sheet pile block that are sequentially spliced along the left and right directions; both ends of the fifth prefabricated sheet pile block are provided with the fifth groove, the two ends of the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block are respectively provided with a sixth protrusion and a sixth groove, the two ends of the seventh prefabricated sheet pile block are provided with a seventh protrusion, the The fifth groove is for the sixth protrusion to be installed in the up and down direction, and the sixth groove is for the seventh protrusion to be installed in the up and down direction; the fifth prefabricated sheet pile block, the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block and the first The bottom of the seven prefabricated sheet pile blocks is provided with installation protrusions corresponding to the installation grooves.
  • the concrete grade of the fifth prefabricated sheet pile block, the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block and the seventh prefabricated sheet pile block is C40 ⁇ C80
  • the height of the fifth prefabricated sheet pile block and the seventh prefabricated sheet pile block is 300 ⁇ 450mm, the length 1200 ⁇ 1400mm, thickness 300 ⁇ 600mm
  • the height of the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block is 300 ⁇ 450mm, the length is 2400 ⁇ 2800mm
  • the thickness is 300 ⁇ 600mm
  • the depth of the fifth groove is 100 ⁇ 150mm
  • the depth of the sixth protrusion is 100mm ⁇ 150mm
  • the depth of the sixth groove is 100 ⁇ 150mm
  • the depth of the seventh projection is 100 ⁇ 150mm
  • the depth of the mounting projection is 120 ⁇ 180mm.
  • first prefabricated sheet pile block, the second prefabricated sheet pile block, the third prefabricated sheet pile block, the fourth prefabricated sheet pile block, the fifth prefabricated sheet pile block, the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block, and the seventh prefabricated slab There are concave surfaces for placing tires on the pile blocks.
  • the depth of the concave surface is 90-180mm.
  • the tire is a semi-circular structure after a complete tire is divided into two parts. The end face of the tire is set in the concave surface.
  • the tire diameter is 600-800mm, and the tire section height is 30-50mm.
  • the tire is fixed and installed on the prefabricated sheet pile block by screws. Two holes corresponding to the screws are reserved in the corresponding position of the tire. The hole diameter is 10-15mm.
  • the length is not less than 50mm, and the diameter is 5-10mm.
  • a slidable ring on the screw which is made of corrosion-resistant steel sheet, with a diameter of 8-15mm and a thickness of 2-3mm. If there is falling off, the ring can prevent it from falling off with the tire, and the prefabricated sheet pile block between the tire and the sheet pile wall is fixedly connected in the factory; A square groove is set at the joint of the block, so that a part of the tire falls into the square groove, and the depth of the square groove is 30-50mm.
  • the ground base layer is composed of an eighth prefabricated sheet pile block and a ninth prefabricated sheet pile block sequentially spliced along the left and right directions; the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block is provided with eighth grooves at both ends, The two ends of the ninth prefabricated sheet pile block are provided with ninth protrusions, and the eighth groove is for the ninth protrusion to be installed in the up and down direction; the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block and the ninth prefabricated sheet pile block There are installation protrusions corresponding to the installation grooves on the top of the .
  • the concrete grades of the eighth and ninth prefabricated sheet pile blocks are C40-C80, the height of the sheet pile blocks is 300-450mm, the length is 2400-2800mm, and the thickness is 300-600mm. The depth is 100-150mm, and the depth of the installation protrusion is 120-180mm.
  • a tire wall covering film for positioning is also provided, and its material is corrosion-resistant steel plate, the height of the tire wall covering film is not less than 3000mm, the length is 1200-1400mm, and the thickness of the steel plate is 3-6mm;
  • the tire wall covering film is sleeved on the outer side of the sheet pile wall, and the two ends of the tire wall covering film are provided with symmetrical removable steel plates, which are designed to be removable in order to ensure the positioning of the sheet pile wall when a single prefabricated sheet pile block is used.
  • the detachable steel plate at one end is disassembled, the next set of membranes is hoisted, and the two membranes are spliced together through a threaded cylinder.
  • the surface of the tire wall sheath is provided with an arc surface matching the tire, and the tire wall sheath
  • the horizontal distance between the inner wall of the tire wall and the outside of the sheet pile wall is 2-5 mm, preferably 3 mm, and the overall height of the tire wall covering film is higher than the height of the sheet pile wall.
  • the present invention also protects a construction method for an assembled tire sheet pile wall, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Put the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block into the guide frame, adjust the verticality of the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block and then drive the piles, and continue to drive the ninth prefabricated sheet pile according to the positioning position of the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block until the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block and the ninth prefabricated sheet pile block are spliced together and form the foundation layer;
  • Step 2 cover the tire wall film on the outside of the base layer
  • Step 3 Hang the first prefabricated sheet pile block horizontally on the base layer according to the position of the tire wall covering film to form a connection layer; then hang the second prefabricated sheet pile block and the third prefabricated sheet pile horizontally on the upper part of the connection layer. block and a fourth prefabricated sheet pile block, forming the fill layer;
  • Step 4 Repeat step 3 until the wall of the sheet pile wall reaches the preset height
  • Step 5 According to the position of the tire wall covering film, horizontally hang the fifth prefabricated sheet pile block, the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block and the seventh prefabricated sheet pile on the top of the wall completed in step 4 to form the top layer;
  • Step 6 Recycle the tire wall covering film.
  • the present invention has the following significant advantages: the fabricated tire sheet pile wall of the present invention can be used for various support types such as river banks and embankments, and the prefabricated sheet pile blocks are stacked by grooves. When the sheet pile wall is damaged, single or multiple sheet pile wall blocks can be replaced directly.
  • the construction is simple and easy, which saves construction time, reduces personnel costs, and speeds up the construction progress; waste tires are used as sheet piles.
  • the important structure can buffer the impact of the sudden external force on the wall, greatly improve the utilization rate of resources, and the impact of construction on the environment is small.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an assembled tire sheet pile wall of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the layout schematic diagram of the prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the ninth prefabricated sheet pile block of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is the structural schematic diagram of the tire of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is the structural schematic diagram of the screw of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the tire wall covering film of the present invention.
  • a prefabricated tire sheet pile wall shown in Figures 1 and 2 it includes ground base 1, connecting layer 4, filling layer 2, connecting layer 4, filling layer 2, connecting layer 4 and top layer connected in sequence from bottom to top 3;
  • the layers are connected by the installation groove 6 and the installation protrusion 7, the depth of the installation groove 6 is 15cm, and the protruding height of the installation protrusion 7 is 15cm;
  • the ground base 1 includes three eighth prefabricated sheet piles
  • the block 11 and the three ninth prefabricated sheet pile blocks 12, the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block 11 and the ninth prefabricated sheet pile block 12 are sequentially spliced along the left-right direction;
  • the connecting layer 4 includes three first prefabricated sheet piles that are sequentially spliced along the left-right direction Block 41;
  • the filling layer 2 includes a second prefabricated sheet pile block 21, two third prefabricated sheet pile blocks 22 and a fourth prefabricated sheet pile block 23, which are sequentially spliced in the left-right direction;
  • the top layer 3 includes a fifth prefabricated
  • the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block 11 and the ninth prefabricated sheet pile block 12 are both made of C40 concrete, and the two overall dimensions are 2m high x 1.2m long x 0.6m thick, and the eighth groove 111
  • the size is 2m in height ⁇ 0.1m in depth ⁇ 0.4m in thickness
  • the size of the ninth protrusion 121 is 2m in height ⁇ 0.1m in depth ⁇ 0.4m in thickness.
  • the first prefabricated sheet pile block 41 is made of C40 concrete, and the size is 0.3m in height ⁇ 2.4m in length ⁇ 0.6m in thickness, and the size of the first groove 412 is 2m in height ⁇ 0.1m in depth ⁇ 0.4m in thickness.
  • the size of the protrusion 411 is 2 m in height x 0.1 m in depth x 0.4 m in thickness.
  • the second prefabricated sheet pile block 21, the third prefabricated sheet pile block 22 and the fourth prefabricated sheet pile block 23 use C40 concrete, the second prefabricated sheet pile
  • the dimensions are height 0.3m ⁇ length 1.2m ⁇ thickness 0.6m
  • the size of the third prefabricated sheet pile block 22 is height 0.3m ⁇ length 2.4m ⁇ thickness 0.6m
  • the size of the second groove 211 is height 2m ⁇ depth 0.1m ⁇ thickness 0.4m
  • the size of the third protrusion 221 is height 2m ⁇ depth 0.1m ⁇ thickness 0.4m
  • the size of the third groove 222 is height 2m ⁇ depth 0.1m ⁇ thickness 0.4m
  • the size of the fourth protrusion 231 It is 2m high x 0.1m deep x 0.4m thick.
  • the fifth prefabricated sheet pile block 31, the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block 32 and the seventh prefabricated sheet pile The dimensions are height 0.3m ⁇ length 1.2m ⁇ thickness 0.6m, the size of the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block 3 is height 0.3m ⁇ length 2.4m ⁇ thickness 0.6m; the size of the fifth groove 311 is height 2m ⁇ depth 0.1m ⁇ thickness 0.4m, the size of the sixth protrusion 321 is height 2m ⁇ depth 0.1m ⁇ thickness 0.4m, the size of the sixth groove 322 is height 2m ⁇ depth 0.1m ⁇ thickness 0.4m, the size of the seventh protrusion 331 It is 2m high x 0.1m deep x 0.4m thick.
  • the tire 5 is a semicircular structure, the tire diameter is 60cm, and the section width is 30cm.
  • the tire 5 is installed on the concave surface 8 of each prefabricated sheet pile block, and the depth of the concave surface is 15cm.
  • the tire 5 is fixed and installed by screws 51 On the prefabricated sheet pile block, the diameter of the screw is 10mm and the thickness is 3mm, and the screw 51 is provided with a ring 52 to prevent it from falling off; the joint of the tire 5 and the prefabricated sheet pile block is provided with an outer surface for preventing the outer surface of the tire from exceeding the sheet pile wall.
  • the thickness of the square grooves 9, four square grooves 9 are provided, distributed at the four corners of the concave surface 8, and the depth of the square grooves is 40mm.
  • a tire wall covering film 10 for construction positioning is provided on the outside of the sheet pile wall.
  • the tire wall covering film 10 is 3m long and 1.2m long and 5mm thick. Both ends of the tire wall covering film 10 are provided with symmetrical
  • the detachable steel plate 101, the surface of the tire wall covering film 10 is provided with a circular arc surface 102 that matches the tire 5, the horizontal distance between the inner wall of the tire wall covering film 10 and the outside of the sheet pile wall is 3mm, and the overall The height is higher than the height of the sheet pile wall.
  • Step 1 Set up construction equipment on the construction site, put the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block 11 into the guide frame, adjust the verticality of the eighth prefabricated sheet pile block 11 at the same time, find the positioning point and review the plane and verticality deviation.
  • the hammering construction process drives the sinking pile, adjusts the offset position, continues construction until the design elevation is reached, records the construction data, and prepares to drive the ninth prefabricated sheet pile block 12, and continues to drive the ninth prefabricated sheet pile block 12.
  • Eight prefabricated sheet pile blocks 11 and eighth prefabricated sheet pile blocks 11 repeat the above steps until the foundation layer 1 is formed;
  • Step 2 Put the tire wall covering film 10 on the outside of the base layer 1, so that the tire wall covering film 10 is immersed in the water, and use a machine to drive it into the soil to a certain depth according to the requirements of the hydraulic code to ensure that it can stand still in the water vertically ;
  • Step 3 According to the guidelines of the removable tire wall covering film, horizontally hoist the first prefabricated sheet pile blocks 41 required by the design on the base layer 1, so that they are physically connected through the grooves to form the connecting layer 4; Guided by the wall covering film, the designed number of the second prefabricated sheet pile blocks 21, the third prefabricated sheet pile blocks 22 and the fourth prefabricated sheet pile blocks 23 are sequentially suspended on the connecting layer 4 to form the filling layer 2;
  • Step 4 Repeat step 3 until the wall of the sheet pile wall reaches the preset height
  • Step 5 According to the guidelines of the removable tire wall covering film, hang the designed number of the fifth prefabricated sheet pile block 31, the sixth prefabricated sheet pile block 32 and the seventh prefabricated sheet pile block on the first prefabricated sheet pile block 41 of the filling layer in turn.
  • the sheet pile 33 forms the top layer 3 and completes the top construction of the prefabricated tire sheet pile wall;
  • Step 6 Recovering the tire wall covering film 10 completes the installation of the prefabricated tire sheet pile wall.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种装配式轮胎板桩墙及其施工方法，板桩墙包括设置在底部用于打桩的地基层，设置在地基层上用于形成墙体的若干填充层和设置在填充层上部的顶层；地基层与填充层之间、相邻的填充层之间以及填充层与顶层之间设有用于锚固的连接层；连接层由至少两个沿左右方向顺序拼接的第一预制板桩块构成；填充层、连接层和顶层的侧壁上设置有用于缓冲外力的轮胎。本发明的装配式轮胎板桩墙可以用于河岸，路堤等多种支护类型，轮胎结构起到了在船只或车辆撞击墙体时对墙体的弹性保护作用，同时提高了废旧资源合理利用率，墙体破坏时也可对单个或多个破坏墙体进行替换，安全高效。

Description

一种装配式轮胎板桩墙及其施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及土建设施板桩墙及其施工方法，尤其涉及一种装配式轮胎板桩墙及其施工方法。
背景技术
板桩墙是一种直立板条状构件形成的挡土结构物，在工程实践中，板桩墙已经得到了越来越多的运用。随着社会的发展，河道、湖岸、海岸、山区公路、快速交通公路交通事故时有发生，偶有造成了河道或者公路的堤防结构物整体性的毁坏，需要重新对毁坏的结构进行建造，浪费了大量的财力物力和时间成本。传统的板桩墙，需要进行现场浇筑，及其耗费时间和人力资源，设置遇到板桩墙整体性破坏后会因为不能及时更换而造成经济损失。申请号为2018218198222的中国专利公开了一种装配式异形空心板桩墙，由于块体之间采用螺栓连接，会大幅影响装配效率；申请号为2019216199403的中国专利公开了一种预制装配式挡土墙，其在遇到破坏时不能够及时替换块体，造成资源的浪费；申请号为2019219324000的中国专利公开了一种装配式砌块挡土墙，但其结构无法承受外力撞击，安全性更较低。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的在于提供一种快速替换墙体且可以缓冲外力的轮胎板桩墙；本发明的第二目的在于提供上述的轮胎板桩墙的施工方法。
技术方案：本发明的一种装配式轮胎板桩墙，包括设置在底部用于打桩的地基层，还包括设置在地基层上用于形成墙体的若干填充层和设置在填充层上部的顶层；所述地基层与填充层之间、相邻的填充层之间以及填充层与顶层之间设有用于锚固的连接层；所述连接层由至少两个沿左右方向顺序拼接的第一预制板桩块构成，同一个连接层中相邻两个第一预制板桩块的端部设有适配的第一凸起和第一凹槽，所述第一预制板桩块的顶部和底部还设有用于固定的安装凹槽；所述填充层、连接层和顶层的侧壁上设置有用于缓冲外力的轮胎。
上述技术方案中，通过设置连接层实现了板桩墙的墙块之间通过自身结构的凹槽堆叠连接，墙体破坏时也可对单个或多个破坏的墙体进行替换，一方面提高了板桩墙整 体的安装效率，且凹槽与凸起的相互结合也提高了板桩墙的结构稳定性，同时在墙体的外侧表面设置轮胎，通过轮胎自身具备的缓冲能力而大幅提高了墙体的抗冲击性能。其中，第一预制板桩块的混凝土等级为C40～C80，板桩块的高度300～450mm，长度2400～2800mm，厚度300～600mm，第一凸起的深度为100～150mm，第一凹槽的深度为100～150mm，安装凹槽的深度为120～180mm。
进一步地，墙体的整体高度可以根据填充层的个数进行调整，所述填充层由沿左右方向顺序拼接的第二预制板桩块、第三预制板桩块和第四预制板桩块构成；所述的第二预制板桩块的两端设有第二凹槽，所述的第三预制板桩块的两端分别设有第三凸起和第三凹槽，所述的第四预制板桩块的两端设有第四凸起，所述第二凹槽供第三凸起沿上下方向装入，所述第三凹槽供第四凸起沿上下方向装入；所述的第二预制板桩块、第三预制板桩块和第四预制板桩的顶部和底部设有与安装凹槽对应的安装凸起。优选的，第二预制板桩块、第三预制板桩块和第四预制板桩块的混凝土等级为C40～C80，其中，第二预制板桩块和第四预制板桩块的高度300～450mm，长度1200～1400mm，厚度300～600mm；所述第三预制板桩块的高度300～450mm，长度2400～2800mm，厚度300～600mm；第二凹槽的深度为100～150mm，第三凸起的深度为100～150mm，第三凹槽的深度为100～150mm，第四凸起的深度为100～150mm，安装凸起的深度为120～180mm。
进一步地，所述的顶层由沿左右方向顺序拼接的第五预制板桩块、第六预制板桩块和第七预制板桩块构成；所述的第五预制板桩块的两端设有第五凹槽，所述的第六预制板桩块的两端分别设有第六凸起和第六凹槽，所述的第七预制板桩块两端设有第七凸起，所述第五凹槽供第六凸起沿上下方向装入，所述第六凹槽供第七凸起沿上下方向装入；所述的第五预制板桩块、第六预制板桩块和第七预制板桩块的底部设有与安装凹槽对应的安装凸起。其中，第五预制板桩块、第六预制板桩块和第七预制板桩块的混凝土等级为C40～C80，第五预制板桩块和第七预制板桩块的高度300～450mm，长度1200～1400mm，厚度300～600mm；第六预制板桩块的高度300～450mm，长度2400～2800mm，厚度300～600mm；第五凹槽的深度为100～150mm，第六凸起的深度为100～150mm，第六凹槽的深度为100～150mm，第七凸起的深度为100～150mm，安装凸起的深度为120～180mm。
进一步地，第一预制板桩块的、第二预制板桩块、第三预制板桩块、第四预制板 桩块、第五预制板桩块、第六预制板桩块和第七预制板桩块上均设有用于轮胎放置的凹面，凹面的深度90～180mm，轮胎为完整的轮胎一分为二后的半圆形结构，轮胎的端面设于凹面内，轮胎断面宽度165～225mm，轮胎直径600～800mm，轮胎断面高度30～50mm，所述轮胎通过螺钉固定安装在预制板桩块上，在轮胎的对应位置预留两个与螺钉对应的孔洞，孔洞直径10～15mm，螺钉的长度不小于50mm，直径5～10mm，螺钉上设有一个可滑动的圆环，材质为耐腐蚀性钢片，直径8～15mm，厚度2～3mm，其作用在于螺钉与轮胎随着时间推移会有脱落，圆环可以使其与轮胎不发生脱落，轮胎与板桩墙的预制板桩块在工厂完成固定连接；同时，为了防止轮胎外表面超出板桩墙的厚度，在轮胎与板桩墙块的结合处设置了方槽，使得轮胎的一部分落在方槽中，方槽的深度30～50mm。
进一步地，所述的地基层沿左右方向顺序拼接的第八预制板桩块和第九预制板桩块构成；所述的第八预制板桩块的两端设有第八凹槽，所述的第九预制板桩块的两端设有第九凸起，所述第八凹槽供第九凸起沿上下方向装入；所述的第八预制板桩块和第九预制板桩块的顶部设有与安装凹槽对应的安装凸起。其中，第八预制板桩块和第九预制板桩块混凝土等级C40～C80，板桩块的高度300～450mm，长度2400～2800mm，厚度300～600mm，第八凹槽和第九凸起的深度为100～150mm，安装凸起的深度为120～180mm。
进一步地，为了方便施工，还设置了用于定位的胎墙套膜，其材质为耐腐蚀性钢板，胎墙套膜的高度不小于3000mm，长度为1200～1400mm，钢板厚度3～6mm；所述胎墙套膜套设于板桩墙的外侧，胎墙套膜的两端设置有对称的可拆卸钢板，其设计成可拆卸是为了在单个预制板桩块进行板桩墙体定位时保证套膜的完整性，此外，当有多个预制板桩块一同定位施工时候，把其中一端的可拆卸钢板拆卸，吊装下一套膜，使两个套膜通过带螺纹的柱体拼接在一起，形成组合的套膜进行多个预制板桩块的施工，套膜的入土深度满足水工规范的要求即可；胎墙套膜的表面设置有与轮胎匹配的圆弧面，胎墙套膜的内壁距板桩墙外侧的水平距离为2～5mm，优选为3mm，胎墙套膜的整体高度高于板桩墙的高度。
本发明还保护一种装配式轮胎板桩墙的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、将第八预制板桩块放入导向架中，调整第八预制板桩块的垂直度后打入沉桩，根据第八预制板桩块的定位位置继续打入第九预制板桩块，直至第八预制板桩块和第九预制板桩块拼接完成并形成地基层；
步骤二、在地基层外部套上胎墙套膜；
步骤三、根据胎墙套膜的位置，在地基层上水平吊放第一预制板桩块，形成连接层；然后在连接层的上部水平吊放第二预制板桩块、第三预制板桩块和第四预制板桩块，形成填充层；
步骤四、重复步骤三，直至板桩墙的墙体达到预设高度；
步骤五、根据胎墙套膜的位置，在步骤四完成的墙体顶部水平吊放第五预制板桩块、第六预制板桩块和第七预制板桩，形成顶层；
步骤六、回收胎墙套膜。
有益效果：本发明和现有技术相比，具有如下显著优点：本发明的装配式轮胎板桩墙可以用于河岸，路堤等多种支护类型，各个预制板桩块之间采用凹槽堆叠的方式连接，板桩墙毁坏时可以直接对单个或多个板桩墙块进行更换，施工简单易行，节省了施工时间，降低了人员成本，加快了施工进度；采用废旧轮胎作为板桩的重要结构，可以缓冲突然发生的外力对墙体的撞击，大幅提高资源利用率，施工对环境的影响较小。
附图说明
图1为本发明的装配式轮胎板桩墙的立体图；；
图2为本发明的预制板桩块的布置示意图；
图3为本发明第一预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图4为本发明第二预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图5为本发明第三预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图6为本发明第四预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图7为本发明第五预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图8为本发明第六预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图9为本发明第七预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图10为本发明第八预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图11为本发明第九预制板桩块的结构示意图；
图12为本发明轮胎的结构示意图；
图13为本发明螺钉的结构示意图；
图14为本发明安装示意图；
图15为本发明胎墙套膜的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
参见图1和图2所示的一种装配式轮胎板桩墙，由下至上包括依次连接的地基层1、连接层4、填充层2、连接层4、填充层2、连接层4和顶层3；各层之间通过安装凹槽6和安装凸起7连接，安装凹槽6的深度为15cm，安装凸起7突出的高度为15cm；其中，地基层1包括三块第八预制板桩块11和三块第九预制板桩块12，第八预制板桩块11和第九预制板桩块12沿左右方向顺序拼接；连接层4包括沿左右方向顺序拼接三块第一预制板桩块41；填充层2包括一块第二预制板桩块21，两块第三预制板桩块22和一块第四预制板桩块23，沿左右方向顺序拼接；顶层3包括一块第五预制板桩块31、两块第六预制板桩块32和一块第七预制板桩块33，沿左右方向顺序拼接。
参见图10和图11，第八预制板桩块11和第九预制板桩块12均采用C40混凝土，两个整体尺寸都为高2m×长1.2m×厚0.6m，第八凹槽111的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m，第九凸起121的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m。
参见图3，第一预制板桩块41采用C40混凝土，尺寸为高0.3m×长2.4m×厚0.6m，第一凹槽412的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m，第一凸起411的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m。
参见图4至图6，第二预制板桩块21，第三预制板桩块22和第四预制板桩块23采用C40混凝土，第二预制板桩块21和第四预制板桩块23的尺寸为高0.3m×长1.2m×厚0.6m，第三预制板桩块22的尺寸为高0.3m×长2.4m×厚0.6m；第二凹槽211的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m，第三凸起221的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m，第三凹槽222的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m，第四凸起231的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m。
参见图7至图9，第五预制板桩块31、第六预制板桩块32和第七预制板桩块33采用C40混凝土，第五预制板桩块31和第七预制板桩块33的尺寸为高0.3m×长1.2m×厚0.6m，第六预制板桩块3的尺寸为高0.3m×长2.4m×厚0.6m；第五凹槽311的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m，第六凸起321的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m，第六凹槽322的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m，第七凸起331的尺寸为高2m×深0.1m×厚0.4m。
参见图12至图14，轮胎5为半圆形结构，轮胎直径60cm，断面宽度30cm，轮 胎5安装在各个预制板桩块的凹面8上，凹面的深度为15cm，轮胎5通过螺钉51固定安装在预制板桩块上，螺钉直径为10mm，厚度为3mm，螺钉51上设置有防止其脱落的圆环52；轮胎5与预制板桩块的结合处设置有用于防止轮胎外表面超出板桩墙厚度的方槽9，方槽9设置四个，分布在凹面8的四个角处，方槽深度为40mm。
参见图15，在板桩墙外侧设置有用于施工定位的胎墙套膜10，胎墙套膜10的寸长高3m×长1.2m×厚5mm，胎墙套膜10的两端设置有对称的可拆卸钢板101，胎墙套膜10的表面设置有与轮胎5匹配的圆弧面102，胎墙套膜10的内壁距板桩墙外侧的水平距离为3mm，胎墙套膜10的整体高度高于板桩墙的高度。
当需要对装配式轮胎板桩墙进行安装时，以河岸安装为例，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、在施工现场架设施工设备，将第八预制板桩块11放入导向架中，同时调整第八预制板桩块11的垂直度，找准定位点并复核平面以及垂直度偏差，水上锤击施工工艺打入沉桩，调整偏离位置，继续施工直至达到设计标高，记录施工数据，同时准备打入第九预制板桩块12，打入第九预制板桩块12后继续打入第八预制板桩块11第八预制板桩块11，重复以上步骤，直至形成地基层1；
步骤二、在地基层1外部套上胎墙套膜10，使胎墙套膜10沉入水中，使用机械根据水工规范要求将其打入土中一定深度，保证其能够竖直静止在水中；
步骤三、根据可拆卸胎墙套膜的指引，在地基层1上水平吊放设计需要的第一预制板桩块41，使其通过凹槽物理连接，形成连接层4；继续根据可拆卸胎墙套膜的指引，在连接层4依次吊放设计数量的第二预制板桩块21、第三预制板桩块22和第四预制板桩块23，形成填充层2；
步骤四、重复步骤三，直至板桩墙的墙体达到预设高度；
步骤五、根据可拆卸胎墙套膜的指引，在填充层的第一预制板桩块41上依次吊放设计数量的第五预制板桩块31、第六预制板桩块32和第七预制板桩33，形成顶层3，完成装配式轮胎板桩墙的顶部施工；
步骤六、回收胎墙套膜10即完成装配式轮胎板桩墙的安装。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种装配式轮胎板桩墙，包括设置在底部用于打桩的地基层(1)，其特征在于：还包括设置在地基层(1)上用于形成墙体的若干填充层(2)和设置在填充层(2)上部的顶层(3)；所述地基层(1)与填充层(2)之间、相邻的填充层(2)之间以及填充层(2)与顶层(3)之间设有用于锚固的连接层(4)；所述连接层(4)由至少两个沿左右方向顺序拼接的第一预制板桩块(41)构成，同一个连接层(4)中相邻两个第一预制板桩块(41)的端部设有适配的第一凸起(411)和第一凹槽(412)，所述第一预制板桩块(41)的顶部和底部还设有用于固定的安装凹槽(6)；所述填充层(2)、连接层(4)和顶层(3)的侧壁上设置有用于缓冲外力的轮胎(5)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装配式轮胎板桩墙，其特征在于：所述填充层(2)由沿左右方向顺序拼接的第二预制板桩块(21)、第三预制板桩块(22)和第四预制板桩块(23)构成；所述的第二预制板桩块(21)的两端设有第二凹槽(211)，所述的第三预制板桩块(22)的两端分别设有第三凸起(221)和第三凹槽(222)，所述的第四预制板桩块(23)的两端设有第四凸起(231)，所述第二凹槽(211)供第三凸起(221)沿上下方向装入，所述第三凹槽(222)供第四凸起(231)沿上下方向装入；所述的第二预制板桩块(21)、第三预制板桩块(22)和第四预制板桩(23)的顶部和底部设有与安装凹槽(6)对应的安装凸起(7)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装配式轮胎板桩墙，其特征在于：所述的顶层(3)由沿左右方向顺序拼接的第五预制板桩块(31)、第六预制板桩块(32)和第七预制板桩块(33)构成；所述的第五预制板桩块(31)的两端设有第五凹槽(311)，所述的第六预制板桩块(32)的两端分别设有第六凸起(321)和第六凹槽(322)，所述的第七预制板桩块(33)两端设有第七凸起(331)，所述第五凹槽(311)供第六凸起(321)沿上下方向装入，所述第六凹槽(322)供第七凸起(331)沿上下方向装入；所述的第五预制板桩块(31)、第六预制板桩块(32)和第七预制板桩块(33)的底部设有与安装凹槽(6)对应的安装凸起(7)。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的装配式轮胎板桩墙，其特征在于：第一预制板桩块(41)、第二预制板桩块(21)、第三预制板桩块(22)、第四预制板桩块(23)、第五预制板桩块(31)、第六预制板桩块(32)和第七预制板桩块(33)上均设有用于轮胎(5)放置的凹面(8)，所述轮胎(5)通过螺钉(51)固定安装在预制板桩块上，所述螺钉(51)上设置有防止其脱落的圆环(52)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装配式轮胎板桩墙，其特征在于：轮胎(5)与预制板桩块的结合处设置有用于防止轮胎外表面超出板桩墙厚度的方槽(9)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的装配式轮胎板桩墙，其特征在于：所述的地基层(1)沿左右方 向顺序拼接的第八预制板桩块(11)和第九预制板桩块(12)构成；所述的第八预制板桩块(11)的两端设有第八凹槽(111)，所述的第九预制板桩块(12)的两端设有第九凸起(121)，所述第八凹槽(111)供第九凸起(121)沿上下方向装入；所述的第八预制板桩块(11)和第九预制板桩块(12)的顶部设有与安装凹槽(6)对应的安装凸起(7)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的装配式轮胎板桩墙，其特征在于：还包括用于施工定位的胎墙套膜(10)，所述胎墙套膜(10)套设于板桩墙的外侧，胎墙套膜(10)的两端设置有对称的可拆卸钢板(101)，胎墙套膜(10)的表面设置有与轮胎(5)匹配的圆弧面(102)，胎墙套膜(10)的内壁距板桩墙外侧的水平距离为2～5mm，胎墙套膜(10)的整体高度高于板桩墙的高度。
  8. 一种权利要求1所述的装配式轮胎板桩墙的施工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤一、将第八预制板桩块(11)放入导向架中，调整第八预制板桩块(11)的垂直度后打入沉桩，根据第八预制板桩块(11)的定位位置继续打入第九预制板桩块(12)，直至第八预制板桩块(11)和第九预制板桩块(12)拼接完成并形成地基层(1)；
    步骤二、在地基层(1)外部套上胎墙套膜(10)；
    步骤三、根据胎墙套膜(10)的位置，在地基层(1)上水平吊放第一预制板桩块(41)，形成连接层(4)；然后在连接层(4)的上部水平吊放第二预制板桩块(21)、第三预制板桩块(22)和第四预制板桩块(23)，形成填充层(2)；
    步骤四、重复步骤三，直至板桩墙的墙体达到预设高度；
    步骤五、根据胎墙套膜(10)的位置，在步骤四完成的墙体顶部水平吊放第五预制板桩块(31)、第六预制板桩块(32)和第七预制板桩(33)，形成顶层(3)；
    步骤六、回收胎墙套膜(10)。
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