WO2022099915A1 - 基于超网络模型的组织架构建模方法及空间探索算法 - Google Patents
基于超网络模型的组织架构建模方法及空间探索算法 Download PDFInfo
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- the invention relates to the technical field of combat systems, in particular to a method for modeling a combat system architecture and a space exploration algorithm based on a super network model.
- the organizational structure reflects the configuration of the components in the system and the interaction between the components and the external environment.
- the organizational structure focuses on physical entities, information structures and system functions, and is the core framework of the system.
- the organizational structure runs through the whole process of design, requirement demonstration, prototype development, application testing and field testing. Therefore, it is the best configuration to realize the core elements of the organization by studying the organization through the organization structure and defining a reasonable formal organization structure.
- An OA is a collection of equipment connected by a charge network that has certain functions to support the completion of a specific mission. OA is used to guide the construction of a specific organization.
- an architectural model, an architectural solution space exploration problem model and a solution algorithm are constructed.
- the following problems need to be solved in architecture modeling and selection: First, the potential capabilities of the architecture are uncertain. In previous studies, organizational capabilities were determined after the architecture was established. In fact, the uncertainty of the potential capabilities of the architecture is reflected in the uncertainty of tasks and the diversity of resource combinations on the one hand; on the other hand, the influence of secondary factors, because only the main factors that affect the capabilities of the system are often considered when designing the architecture.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a combat system architecture modeling method and a space exploration algorithm based on a super network model, the modeling method can construct a combat system architecture model selected by multi-architecture schemes, and is convenient for decision makers to make the best choice;
- the algorithm is a parallel search algorithm based on decision indicators, and the algorithm is a polynomial time algorithm. Its return value is significantly better than other benchmark algorithms, and it is optimal under the assumption that the combat system architecture scheme space is independent.
- the present invention provides the following scheme:
- the combat system architecture modeling method based on the super network model takes the mission, equipment system and command and command structure as the core elements of the combat system architecture. It consists of the following steps:
- the reporter is Agent n; among them, Agent n represents the plan space of the nth decision maker, each plan space includes a variety of combat system architectures, and the combat system architecture is used to describe the combat system; N represents the decision maker space,
- the decision maker problem in the space exploration problem model of the combat architecture is converted into a formalized dynamic programming problem.
- the edge set of G TS represents the correspondence between task nodes and system nodes.
- the development cost of the combat architecture is defined as c, and c ⁇ C, C represents the cost space,
- the potential capability of the combat architecture is defined as w, and the combat architecture has a certain ability to complete the mission w ⁇ W, W represents the capability of the combat architecture to complete the mission;
- the combat architecture model consists of the topology model of the combat architecture, development costs and capabilities, denoted as ⁇ GA,C,W>.
- the present invention also provides a space exploration algorithm for a combat system architecture solution.
- the exploration algorithm is based on the dynamic planning of the combat system architecture space, and the algorithm selects actions by judging defined indicators, and includes the following steps:
- Judgment indicators based on the classic Pandora's rules, define the decision indicators for each decision maker to perform different actions:
- each plan represents a combat architecture
- K n represents the set of solutions of the nth decision maker
- m represents the action
- M k represents the kth plan.
- action set represents the decision index of the nth action of the kth plan of the nth decision maker
- x k represents the reward value of program k
- step 2) a search algorithm, according to the search rule in step 1), the calculation of the optimal solution is simplified to the judgment of the index, and the search algorithm includes a single decision maker search algorithm and a cooperation algorithm between multiple decision makers;
- step 2) the calculation of each of the indicators in step 2) is independent, and the indicators are not affected by the probability distribution of the return value of other combat architectures.
- the present invention also provides a space exploration method for a combat system architecture scheme, including:
- the corresponding relationship between task nodes and system nodes is given, and the system network is constructed according to the task network and the corresponding relationship between task nodes and system nodes.
- the system nodes are equipment with specific functions and can independently complete specific tasks. is SY; the task node is the activity process performed by the equipment system, denoted as TA;
- the corresponding relationship between the system node and the command node is given, and the command network is established according to the relationship, and the combat system architecture model is constructed in combination with the task network and the system network; among them, the command node is used for information processing, management organization, decision-making and planning.
- the accusation node is denoted as C2
- the exploration algorithm is used for dynamic planning of the combat system architecture space;
- the exploration algorithm includes a single decision-maker search algorithm and a cooperation algorithm between multiple decision-makers;
- a single decision-maker search algorithm includes three stages: index sorting, index judgment, and plan selection. ;
- Dynamic planning of the combat architecture space using a single decision maker search algorithm including:
- the set of decision indicators is k represents a plan, each plan represents a combat system architecture, K n represents the set of solutions of the nth decision maker, m represents the action, and M k represents the set of actions of the kth plan, represents the decision index of the nth action of the kth plan of the nth decision maker, represents the development cost corresponding to the nth action of the kth plan of the nth decision maker, Indicates that the reward value x of each program obeys a probability distribution, and x k represents the reward value of program k;
- the present invention discloses the following technical effects:
- the method for modeling the combat system architecture based on the super network model of the present invention is based on the generation elements of the system architecture capability, according to the formal definition of the combat system architecture, the multi-Agent dynamic planning problem, and the combat system architecture solution space exploration problem framework, and can construct a multi-tasking system.
- the combat system architecture model selected by the architecture plan is convenient for decision makers to make the best choice;
- the space exploration algorithm of the combat system architecture plan is a parallel search algorithm based on decision indicators.
- the algorithm is polynomial time, and its return value is significantly better than other Baseline algorithm, which is optimal under the assumption of space independence of combat architecture solutions.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a task network in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system network in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging network in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of three types of network mapping relationships in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 a is a “task-system” bipartite graph, and FIG. 4b is a “system-command” bipartite graph;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transition relationship between possible states of an architectural effect in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an experimental data analysis diagram of an analysis experiment of a sequential search algorithm based on a decision index in an embodiment of the present invention.
- the combat system architecture modeling method based on the super network model, according to the capability generation mechanism, takes the mission, equipment system and command and command structure as the core elements of the combat system architecture.
- the combat system architecture consists of three heterogeneous networks: mission network, system network and command and command network.
- the composition includes the following steps:
- a task node is an activity process that can be performed by an equipment system, denoted as TA.
- the decision maker problem in the combat system search problem model is converted into a formalized dynamic programming problem.
- the potential capability of the combat system architecture is the capability of the combat system developed according to the combat system architecture to complete a specific mission, denoted as W.
- the uncertainty of the potential capability of an architecture can be represented by a probability distribution, that is, W obeys a certain probability distribution.
- a hypernetwork as a heterogeneous network connecting multiple types of nodes.
- the operational architecture based on hypernetwork is composed of three heterogeneous networks: mission network, system network and command and command network.
- mission network In order to complete the mission of the combat system, the mission is decomposed into a series of executable tasks, called a task network, as shown in Figure 1, which is an example of a task network.
- Figure 2 is a An example of a system network, which represents the logical relationship between system functions. As shown in Figure 4, it shows the corresponding relationship between the task network and the system network.
- Figure 4a is the "task-system” bipartite graph
- Figure 4b is the "system-command" bipartite graph.
- the accusation node is used to process the instruction information of the superior and inferior.
- the task information is received from the upper-level accusing node, and the sub-task information is transmitted to the lower-level accusing node after being processed by this node.
- an accusation network refers to an organizational network that connects all accusing nodes through an order relationship, as shown in Figure 3, which is an example of an accusation network.
- the combat system capability in this embodiment is measured by the return value, which is a comprehensive measure of the development cost of the combat system architecture and the benefits obtained by the cluster executing the reconnaissance strategy.
- the reward value x of each scheme obeys the probability distribution W(x), and the reward values of different schemes are independent of each other.
- k n ⁇ K n , K n ⁇ 1,2,...,
- ⁇ , K n is the number of solutions in the solution space of Agent n.
- some agents have an intersection in the solution space, at this time It is also possible that there is no intersection, at this time
- the reward value of each architecture is not determined in advance, but can be obtained through different actions.
- Agent n can take action to develop. Continue to explore options in the undeveloped options space, and finally select one option among all the developed options space as the final option.
- the goal of the agent is to choose an architecture with the highest expected reward value and the least accumulated search cost.
- the combat architecture state is the state of the combat architecture in the development process, including an undeveloped state and an developed state. As shown in Figure 5, it represents an operational architecture state transition relationship. Among them, the unknown state indicates that the program has not been developed and its reward value is unknown; the known state indicates that the program has been developed and its reward value is known.
- constraint (a) ensures that for any agent's solution space, solutions are either developed or not.
- Constraint (b) says that if the agent finally chooses a scheme, it must have already developed that scheme.
- Constraint (c) means that each agent finally chooses only one scheme.
- Constraint (d) represents the value space of the two classes of decision variables.
- Constraint (e) represents the cost for each agent to perform different actions for each scheme.
- the problem is searched according to the combat architecture, and the problem is converted into a formalized dynamic programming problem.
- Agent n as an example to illustrate, in dynamic programming, its scheme space is first Divided into two mutually exclusive sets: one is a growing set of developed architectures The other is a decreasing set of unexplored architectures
- the operational architecture solution space is known in advance, and is obtained by decision makers for a specific mission and specific field, and its focus is to find a solution that maximizes the objective function.
- Agent n can choose whether to choose from the set Select and develop unknown solutions from , or stop the search and select a final solution from the set D n . If the agent chooses to continue searching, then it has M k types of action development architecture k. If Agent n stops searching, choose the solution with the highest reward value in the developed solution space:
- the state evaluation function after executing action m, c m,k represent the cost of all Agents executing action m k to develop architecture k n , Further, the agent needs to compare the expected value generated by different actions, and select and execute the action with the largest expected reward value. Taking action m as an example, if the reward value x k ⁇ y, then the current highest reward value will not change, and the expected state evaluation value is If x k > y, then the current highest reward value will be updated to x, and the expected state evaluation value will be
- Each task network has a start task node, an end task node, and an intermediate node.
- the task network includes two types of logical relationships, causality and juxtaposition.
- the development cost of the combat architecture is defined as c, and c ⁇ C
- the potential capability of the combat architecture is defined as w
- the combat architecture has a certain ability to complete the mission w ⁇ W.
- the combat architecture model consists of the topology model, development cost and capability of the combat architecture, denoted as ⁇ GA,C,W>.
- Embodiment 2 The present invention also provides a space exploration algorithm for a combat system architecture solution.
- the search algorithm is based on the dynamic planning of the combat system architecture space, and the algorithm selects actions by judging the defined indicators, including the following steps:
- Judgment indicators based on the classic Pandora's rules, define the decision indicators for each decision maker to perform different actions:
- step 2) a search algorithm, according to the search rule in step 1), the calculation of the optimal solution is simplified to the judgment of the index, and the search algorithm includes a single decision maker search algorithm and a cooperation algorithm among multiple decision makers.
- each index in step 2) is independent, and the index is not affected by the probability distribution of the return value of other combat architectures.
- the optimal architecture scheme can be calculated after at most K iterations.
- the current maximum sampling value is compared with the maximum index in each iteration. If the maximum sampled value is not less than the maximum index, the search is stopped and the architecture m with the current maximum sampled reward value is used as the selected architecture. On the contrary, according to the corresponding architecture index i and action a, the execution program continues to search. If the sampled reward value for architecture i is obtained, then update the variable, which represents the removal of architecture i from the set.
- ⁇ means sampling, which means sampling the probability distribution.
- the sequential search algorithm based on the decision index is a polynomial time algorithm.
- the time complexity of this algorithm depends on the time complexity of the sorting algorithm.
- the agent performs corresponding actions in order based on the size of the architectural index value, and this order will not change during the entire search process. Therefore, the complexity of the algorithm proposed by the present invention is equal to that of the sorting algorithm, so the algorithm is a polynomial time algorithm.
- each scheme selected by the sequential search algorithm based on decision index is conditionally optimal, and the algorithm has local optimality.
- the selection of each plan can be mapped to the classic Pandora problem.
- the Pandora problem the return value of each project obeys a probability distribution, and the actual return value of the project is not known before running the project. The actual return value needs to be obtained by sampling.
- each existing architecture can be regarded as a project k, which has a sampling reward value rk. Once the sampled reward value for option k is obtained, the three items are moved into the explored set D.
- the combat architecture search problem model uses an index-based search strategy, that is, if the agent wants to explore a new solution, it selects the unexplored solution with the highest index, otherwise it selects the explored solution with the largest sampling reward value. It is proved that this search strategy can effectively solve Pandora's problem and get the best expected return value.
- the present invention also provides a space exploration method for a combat system architecture scheme, including:
- the corresponding relationship between task nodes and system nodes is given, and a system network is constructed according to the task network and the corresponding relationship between task nodes and system nodes.
- the system nodes are equipment with specific functions and can independently complete specific tasks. is SY; the task node is the activity process performed by the equipment system, denoted as TA;
- the corresponding relationship between the system node and the command node is given, and the command network is established according to the relationship, and the combat system architecture model is constructed in combination with the task network and the system network; among them, the command node is used for information processing, management organization, decision-making and planning.
- the accusation node is denoted as C2
- the exploration algorithm is used for dynamic planning of the combat system architecture space;
- the exploration algorithm includes a single decision-maker search algorithm and a cooperation algorithm between multiple decision-makers;
- a single decision-maker search algorithm includes three stages: index sorting, index judgment, and plan selection. ;
- Dynamic planning of the combat architecture space using a single decision maker search algorithm including:
- the set of decision indicators is k represents a plan, each plan represents a combat system architecture, K n represents the set of solutions of the nth decision maker, m represents the action, and M k represents the set of actions of the kth plan, represents the decision index of the nth action of the kth plan of the nth decision maker, represents the development cost corresponding to the nth action of the kth plan of the nth decision maker, Indicates that the reward value x of each program obeys a probability distribution, and x k represents the reward value of program k;
- the technical solution for mission capability is generally a top-down approach, and finally turns to a solution method based on a multi-Agent system: first, the mission is decomposed into a task network; secondly, UAVs with certain functions can complete specific tasks, thereby constructing The mapping relationship between UAVs in the task domain; in addition, there is an accusation relationship between UAVs, so as to build an accusation network; finally, a multi-Agent system model is established, each agent has a task list, specific functions, and accusation relationships, so that The multi-agent system is a kind of equipment architecture scheme. In order to maximize the operational effectiveness of the system, it is necessary to select the optimal architecture scheme.
- the objective function described in which the performance of a simulation is the difference between the return value of the architecture and the cumulative cost value; (2) Number of known architecture times, the average number of times the architecture has been developed; (3) Running time Time, the time the program runs during recording .
- the average performance is used to evaluate the performance of the algorithm, and the number of consultations and the number of known architectures are used to analyze the search process.
- Random Algorithm that is, the Agent randomly selects an action at each moment. Specifically, an architecture k is randomly selected from the set K first. If k ⁇ D, i.e. the architecture has been developed, end the search and get the reward value for that architecture; if That is, if the architecture k is undeveloped and the reward value is unknown, an action is randomly selected, then returns and continues to perform the random action until the end of the search.
- TDA Traversal Development Algorithm
- the agent chooses the least expensive action to develop, When the Agent has completed the development of all architectures, the architecture with the highest return value among all the developed architectures is selected as the final solution.
- GSA General Development Algorithm
- the evaluation index of the local exploration algorithm is the difference between the highest expected value and the development cost, namely When the highest reward value among the developed architectures has exceeded this metric, the search is stopped and the architecture with the highest reward value is selected.
- NoS is the number of selected solutions, that is, how many solutions are finally selected by the multi-Agent system
- FIG. 6 is an experimental data analysis diagram of an analysis experiment performed by a sequential search algorithm based on a decision index.
- the method for modeling a combat system architecture based on a super network model provided by the present invention is based on the capability generation elements of the system architecture, according to the formal definition of the combat system architecture, the multi-agent dynamic planning problem, and the space exploration of the combat system architecture solution.
- the problem framework can build a combat system architecture model with multi-architecture options, which is convenient for decision makers to make the best choice;
- the combat system architecture solution space exploration algorithm is a parallel search algorithm based on decision indicators, which is polynomial time, Its return value is significantly better than other benchmark algorithms, and it is optimal under the assumption of space independence of combat architecture solutions.
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- 基于超网络模型的作战体系架构建模方法,根据能力生成机理,将任务、装备系统和指控结构作为作战体系架构的核心要素,所述作战体系架构由任务网络、系统网络和指控网络三种异构网络组成,其特征是:具体包括以下步骤:S1、将作战体系使命分解为可由装备系统执行的任务网络;S2、给出任务节点与系统节点之间的对应关系,并根据任务网络和任务节点与系统节点之间的对应关系构建系统网络,其中,系统节点为具有特定功能并能够独立完成特定任务的装备,记为SY;任务节点为可由装备系统执行的活动过程,记为TA;S3、给出系统节点和指控节点之间的对应关系,并根据该关系建立指控网络,并结合任务网络、系统网络构建成作战体系架构模型;其中,指控节点为用于处理信息、管理组织、决策规划和控制反馈的逻辑节点,表示为C2,指控网络为通过指令关系连接所有指控节点的组织网络,记为G C2=<V C2,E C2>,系统节点与指控节点之间的对应关系定义为二分图,记为G SC=<V SY,V C2,E SC>,其中E SC表示节点V SY和节点V C2之间的边集合;S4、根据作战体系架构模型和决策者n,构建作战体系架构的空间探索问题模型,其中,决策者n∈N,N={1,2,...,|N|},第n个决策者记为Agent n;S5、根据作战体系架构搜索问题模型,将作战体系搜索问题模型中的决策者问题转换为一种形式化的动态规划问题。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于超网络模型的作战体系架构建模方法,其特征是,所述任务网络可抽象为有向图,记为G TA=<V TA,E TA>,其 中,V TA表示任务节点集合,E TA表示节点之间的边集合;每个所述任务网络均具有起始任务节点、结束任务节点和中间节点;所述任务网络包括因果关系和并列关系两类逻辑关系。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于超网络模型的作战体系架构建模方法,其特征是,所述系统网络表示系统节点之间的功能关系,记为G SY=<V SY,E SY>,其中V SY表示系统节点集合,E SY表示系统节点之间的边集合;所述任务节点和系统节点之间的对应关系定义为二分图,记为G TS=<V TA,V SY,E TS>,其中E TS表示节点V TA和节点V SY之间的边集合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于超网络模型的作战体系架构建模方法,其特征是,所述指控网络为通过指令关系连接所有指控节点的组织网络,记为G C2=<V C2,E C2>;所述系统节点和指控节点之间的对应关系定义为二分图,记为G SC=<V SY,V C2,E SC>,其中E SC表示节点V SY和节点V C2之间的边集合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于超网络模型的作战体系架构建模方法,其特征是,所述作战体系架构的拓扑模型由三类节点与五类关系构成的异构网络GA,记为GA=<V TA,V SY,V C2,E TA,E SY,E C2,E TS,E SC>;所述作战体系架构的开发花费代价定义为c,且c∈C,所述作战体系架构的潜在能力定义为w,作战体系架构具有一定完成使命的能力w∈W;所述作战体系架构模型由作战体系架构的拓扑模型、开发代价和能力组成,记为<GA,C,W>。
- 一种作战体系架构方案空间探索算法,基于权利要求1至5任意 一项所述的基于超网络模型的作战体系架构建模方法,其特征是:所述搜索算法基于作战体系架构空间的动态规划,且该算法通过判断定义的指标来进行动作选择,具备包括以下步骤:1)、判定指标,基于经典潘多拉规则,定义每个决策者执行不同行动的决策指标:2)、搜索算法,根据步骤1)中的搜索规则,将最优方案的计算简化为指标的判断,所述搜索算法包括单个决策者搜索算法和多个决策者之间的合作算法;
- 根据权利要求6所述的一种作战体系架构方案空间探索算法,其特征是:步骤2)中每个所述指标的计算均是独立的,且所述指标不受其他作战体系架构回报值概率分布的影响。
- 一种作战体系架构方案空间探索方法,其特征是:方法包括:将作战体系使命分解为由装备系统执行的任务网络;给出任务节点与系统节点之间的对应关系,并根据任务网络和任务节点与系统节点之间的对应关系构建系统网络,其中,系统节点为具有特定功能并能够独立完成特定任务的装备,记为SY;任务节点为由装备系统执行的活动过程,记为TA;给出系统节点和指控节点之间的对应关系,并根据该关系建立指控网络,并结合任务网络、系统网络构建成作战体系架构模型;其中,指控节点为用于处理信息、管理组织、决策规划和控制反馈的逻辑节点,指控节点表示为C2,指控网络为通过指令关系连接所有指控节点的组织网络,记为G C2=<V C2,E C2>,系统节点与指控节点之间的对应关系定义为二分图,记为G SC=<V SY,V C2,E SC>,其中,G C2表示指控网络,V C2表示指控节点,E C2表示V C2节点之间的边集合,G SC表示系统节点与指控节点之间的对应关系,V SY表示系统节点,E SC表示节点V SY和节点V C2之间的边集合;根据作战体系架构模型和决策者n,构建作战体系架构的空间探索问题模型,其中,决策者n∈N,N={1,2,...,|N|},第n个决策者记为Agent n;其中,Agent n表示第n个决策者的方案空间,每个方案空间包括多种作战体系架构,作战体系架构用于对作战体系进行描述;N表示决策者空间,|N|表示决策者的数量;根据作战体系架构的空间探索问题模型,将作战体系架构的空间探索问题模型中的决策者问题转换为动态规划问题;采用探索算法进行作战体系架构空间的动态规划;其中,探索算法包括单个决策者搜索算法和多个决策者之间的合作算法;单个决策者搜索算法包括指标排序、指标判断、方案选择三个阶段;采用单个决策者搜索算法进行作战体系架构空间的动态规划,具体包括:基于潘多拉规则,确定每个决策者执行不同行动的决策指标:式中,决策指标集合为 k表示方案,每一个方案代表一个作战体系架构,K n表示第n个决策者的方案集合,m表示行动,M k表示第k个方案的行动集合, 表示第n个决策者第k个方案的第n个行动的决策指标, 表示第n个决策者第k个方案的第n个行动对应的开发花费代价, 表示每个方案的回报值x服从概率分布,x k表示方案k的回报值;对每个决策者执行不同行动的决策指标进行排序;将最大决策指标对应的作战体系架构添加至已开发架构集合,更新未开发架构集合;已开发架构集合与未开发架构集合的并集为决策者方案空间;确定已开发架构集合中的作战体系架构的空间探索问题模型对应的回报值;判断回报值是否大于或等于未开发架构集合中作战体系架构对应的最大决策指标,得到第一判断结果;若第一判断结果为否,则将未开发架构集合中的最大决策指标对应的作战体系架构添加至已开发架构集合,更新未开发架构集合,然后返回步骤“确定已开发架构集合中的作战体系架构的空间探索问题模型对应的回报值”。
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