WO2022099892A1 - 多路阀及其液压分配器 - Google Patents

多路阀及其液压分配器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022099892A1
WO2022099892A1 PCT/CN2020/140675 CN2020140675W WO2022099892A1 WO 2022099892 A1 WO2022099892 A1 WO 2022099892A1 CN 2020140675 W CN2020140675 W CN 2020140675W WO 2022099892 A1 WO2022099892 A1 WO 2022099892A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
distributor
flow channel
ports
core
port
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/140675
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王立峰
吴贝贝
李武海
Original Assignee
博鼎精工智能科技(山东)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202011249524.6A external-priority patent/CN112253800A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011249797.0A external-priority patent/CN112253802A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011249896.9A external-priority patent/CN112253794A/zh
Application filed by 博鼎精工智能科技(山东)有限公司 filed Critical 博鼎精工智能科技(山东)有限公司
Publication of WO2022099892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022099892A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
    • F15B13/07—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors in distinct sequence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/072—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members
    • F16K11/076—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/08—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
    • F16K11/085—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with cylindrical plug

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of hydraulic technology, in particular to a hydraulic distributor and a multi-way valve using the hydraulic distributor, which is especially suitable for agricultural machinery and construction machinery.
  • Multi-way valves are used to manipulate the movement of multiple actuators (such as oil cylinders or oil motors), and are widely used in agricultural machinery such as tractors and construction machinery.
  • the principle of the traditional multi-way valve is shown in Figure 1.
  • Other functional valves are connected behind the multi-way valve.
  • the multi-way valve includes a plurality of connected three-position and six-way valves.
  • Each valve of the multi-way valve consists of a three-way valve. It is composed of six-position and six-way valves.
  • Each three-position six-way valve is used to connect an executive part of the machine.
  • the movement of the three-position six-way valve is driven manually or by two electromagnets.
  • the three-position, six-way valve shown in Figure 1 is in the middle.
  • Figure 2 and Figure 3 are the functional state diagrams of the three-position six-way valve in the other two positions; the structure of each valve of the multi-way valve of this structure is basically the same, and only one valve can work each time. , When one valve of the multi-way valve is working, the other functional valves that follow it must be in the unloaded state.
  • the six-way valve structure requires two electromagnets for each channel, resulting in high cost of the entire multi-way valve.
  • the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydraulic distributor capable of connecting multiple execution components, which is applied to a multi-way valve, thereby simplifying the structure of the multi-way valve and reducing the cost.
  • the second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-way valve, using the hydraulic distributor of the present invention to simplify the structure of the multi-way valve and reduce the cost.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a hydraulic distributor, and the hydraulic distributor includes:
  • a distributor body the distributor body has a distributor internal cavity, the distributor body is provided with a distributor first interface and a distributor second interface respectively communicated with the distributor internal cavity, the distributor first interface There are N ports, and the N first ports of the distributor are located in one cross section of the distributor body and are arranged radially; the second ports of the distributor are provided with N ports, and the N ports are the distributors.
  • the second interface is located in the other cross-section of the distributor body and is radially arranged; wherein, N>1;
  • the distributor core is rotatably arranged with the inner cavity of the distributor, the distributor core is provided with an axial flow channel and a distribution port; one end of the axial flow channel has a liquid inlet, the shaft The other end of the flow channel has a liquid outlet, the axial flow channel includes a first section of the axial flow channel and a second section of the axial flow channel that are not communicated; the distribution port includes a first distribution port that is not communicated and a second distribution port, the first distribution port communicates with the first section of the axial flow channel and corresponds to the position of the first interface of the distributor, and the second distribution port is connected to the first section of the axial flow channel.
  • the two sections are connected and correspond to the position of the second interface of the distributor; when the first distribution port is connected to a first interface of the distributor, the second distribution port is connected to a second interface of the distributor connected.
  • first section of the axial flow channel and the second section of the axial flow channel are separated by a flow channel partition.
  • the N first ports of the distributor penetrate along the radial direction of the distributor body; and the N second ports of the distributor penetrate along the radial direction of the distributor body.
  • both ends of the distributor core protrude out of the distributor body, one end of the distributor core is provided with a fixed oil sleeve on the outer circumference, and the fixed oil sleeve is provided with an oil sleeve inner ring groove and an oil sleeve oil port , the oil jacket oil port, the oil jacket inner ring groove, and the liquid outlet of the distributor core are connected; or, the oil jacket oil port, the oil jacket inner ring groove, the distributor The liquid inlet of the core is communicated.
  • the distributor core is connected with a rotary drive device.
  • the rotary drive device includes a transmission mechanism driven by the rotary power device, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the distributor core.
  • the rotary drive device further includes an angle sensor element for detecting the rotation angle of the distributor core, and the angle sensor element and the rotary power device are respectively electrically connected to the electronic control unit.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can also be: a hydraulic distributor, and the hydraulic distributor includes:
  • a distributor body the distributor body has a distributor body cavity and a plurality of distributor interfaces communicated with the distributor body cavity, a plurality of the distributor interfaces are arranged at intervals along the axial direction and are located in different cross-sections,
  • the distributor interface includes N distributor first interfaces and N distributor second interfaces, where N>1;
  • the distributor core is rotatably arranged with the inner cavity of the distributor, the distributor core is provided with an axial flow channel and a plurality of distribution ports; one end of the axial flow channel has a liquid inlet, the The other end of the axial flow channel has a liquid outlet, and the axial flow channel includes a first section of the axial flow channel and a second section of the axial flow channel that are not communicated; a plurality of the distribution ports are arranged at intervals along the axial direction and All are located in different cross-sections, a plurality of the distribution ports include a first distribution port and a second distribution port that are not communicated, the first distribution port is provided with N, and the N first distribution ports are connected to the axial flow.
  • the first section of the channel is communicated, the second distribution port is provided with N, and the N second distribution ports are communicated with the second section of the axial flow channel; the N first distribution ports, the N second distribution ports
  • the second distribution ports are all radially arranged;
  • the first distribution port corresponds to the position and quantity of the first interface of the distributor
  • the second distribution port corresponds to the position and quantity of the second port of the distributor.
  • leakage grooves are arranged between the adjacent distributor ports on the inner surface of the distributor body.
  • the distributor core is connected with a rotary drive device.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can also be: a hydraulic distributor, and the hydraulic distributor includes:
  • a dispenser body the dispenser body has a dispenser body cavity and a plurality of dispenser interfaces communicating with the dispenser body cavity, a plurality of the dispenser interfaces are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction and are located in different cross-sections, and a plurality of the dispenser interfaces are arranged at different cross sections.
  • the projections of the distributor interfaces in the cross section coincide, and the plurality of distributor interfaces include N first distributor interfaces and N second distributor interfaces, where N>1;
  • a distributor core which can slide reciprocatingly and linearly along the inner cavity of the distributor, the distributor core is provided with a longitudinal flow channel and a distribution port; one end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid inlet, the longitudinal The other end of the flow channel has a liquid outlet, and the longitudinal flow channel includes a first section of the longitudinal flow channel and a second section of the longitudinal flow channel that are not communicated; the distribution port includes a first distribution port and a second section that are not communicated.
  • a distribution port the first distribution port communicates with the first section of the longitudinal flow channel and corresponds to the position of the first interface of the distributor, and the second distribution port communicates with the second section of the longitudinal flow channel and is connected with the first section of the longitudinal flow channel.
  • the positions of the second ports of the distributor correspond to each other; when the first distribution port is connected to one of the first ports of the distributor, the second distribution port is connected to one of the second ports of the distributor.
  • the distributor core is connected with a linear drive device.
  • the linear drive device includes a linear power device, and the output end of the linear power device is connected to the distributor core.
  • the linear driving device further includes a linear sensing element for detecting the linear displacement of the distributor core, and the linear sensing element and the linear power device are respectively electrically connected with the electronic control unit.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-way valve, the multi-way valve includes:
  • control valve includes two control valve working ports
  • a hydraulic distributor is the above-mentioned hydraulic distributor
  • the liquid inlet of the distributor core is connected with one of the control valve working ports
  • the The liquid outlet is connected with the other working port of the control valve.
  • control valve is a three-position six-way valve, a three-position four-way valve, or a two-position four-way valve.
  • control valve is an electromagnetic control valve; or, the control valve is a manual control valve.
  • the hydraulic distributor of the present invention comprises a distributor body and a distributor core which is rotatably arranged (or reciprocally linearly slidable) with the cavity of the distributor body.
  • a distributor first interface and a distributor second interface are connected to multiple actuators; when one of the actuators is required to work, rotate the distributor The core is rotated at a required angle relative to the distributor body (or, the distributor core is slid linearly, and the required distance is moved relative to the distributor body), and the first distribution port of the distributor core corresponds to the position of the first interface of a distributor , the second distribution port of the distributor core corresponds to the position of the second interface of a distributor, so that the liquid path of the execution part is communicated, and then the execution part is manipulated to complete the corresponding part function.
  • a hydraulic distributor of the present invention can be connected to multiple execution components, compared with the structure in which an execution component of the prior art needs to be connected to a three-position, six-way valve, on the premise of having the traditional multi-way hydraulic distribution function,
  • the structure of the hydraulic distributor of the present invention is greatly simplified and more compact.
  • the multi-way valve of the present invention only uses a connected control valve and a hydraulic distributor of the present invention, the hydraulic distribution function of the traditional multi-way valve can be realized, the structure and composition of the multi-way valve are greatly simplified, and the cost is low.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a traditional multi-way valve
  • Fig. 2 is a functional state diagram of the three-position six-way valve in Fig. 1 in the left position;
  • FIG. 3 is a functional state diagram of the three-position six-way valve in FIG. 1 in the right position;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the hydraulic distributor according to Embodiment 1 (a) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is X-X sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is the Y-Y sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic distributor according to Embodiment 1 (b) of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the multi-way valve according to Embodiment 1 (b) of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the multi-way valve according to Embodiment 1 (c) of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve according to Embodiment 1 (d) of the invention.
  • Fig. 11 is X-X sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is the Y-Y sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the hydraulic distributor according to Embodiment 2 (a) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is X-X sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 15 is the Y-Y sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 16 is the enlarged schematic diagram at I place in Fig. 13;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic distributor according to Embodiment 2 (b) of the invention.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve according to the second embodiment of the invention (b);
  • 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve according to the second embodiment of the invention (c);
  • 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve according to the second (d) of the invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the hydraulic distributor according to Embodiment 3 (a) of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of X-X in Figure 21;
  • Fig. 23 is the Y-Y sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 21;
  • Figure 24 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic distributor according to Embodiment 3 (b) of the invention.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve according to the third embodiment of the invention (b);
  • Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the multi-way valve according to the third embodiment of the invention (c);
  • Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the multi-way valve according to the third embodiment of the invention (d);
  • I-control valve II-hydraulic distributor
  • the hydraulic distributor according to Embodiment 1 (a) of the present invention includes: a distributor body 1 and a distributor core 2 .
  • the distributor body 1 is fixedly arranged, the distributor body 1 has a distributor inner cavity, and the distributor core 2 is rotatably arranged with the distributor inner cavity.
  • the first ports A1, A2, A3, A4 of the distributor are located in one cross section of the distributor body 1 and are arranged radially; the second ports B1, B2, B3, B4 of the distributor are located in the other cross section of the distributor body 1 inside and in a radial arrangement.
  • N can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the actual hydraulic distribution requirements. For example, when there are more than 4 actuators to be connected, N >4; when there are less than 4 execution components to be connected, 1 ⁇ N ⁇ 4; the value of N matches the number of execution components to be connected.
  • the distributor core 2 is provided with axial flow channels and distribution ports.
  • One end of the axial flow channel has a liquid inlet 221, and the other end of the axial flow channel has a liquid outlet 211; under different working conditions, the functions of the liquid inlet 221 and the liquid outlet 211 can be interchanged, and the liquid inlet 221 can be used To make a liquid port, the liquid outlet port 211 can be used as a liquid inlet port.
  • the axial flow channel includes a first section 21 of the axial flow channel and a second section 22 of the axial flow channel that are separated by the flow channel partition 23; the distribution port includes a first distribution port A and a second distribution port that are not communicated.
  • the first distribution port A communicates with the first section 21 of the axial flow channel
  • the second distribution port B communicates with the second section 22 of the axial flow channel
  • the first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 communicates with the distributor body 1
  • the positions of the first ports A1, A2, A3, and A4 of the distributor correspond to the positions of the first ports A1, A2, A3, and A4 of the distributor
  • the positions of the second ports B of the distributor core 2 correspond to the positions of the second ports B1, B2, B3, and B4 of the distributor body 1.
  • the second distribution port B When the first distribution port A is connected to the first interface A1 of the distributor, the second distribution port B is connected to the second interface B1 of the distributor; similarly, when the first distribution port A is connected to the first interface A2 of the distributor When the second distribution port B is connected to the second interface of the distributor B2; and so on, when the first distribution port A is connected to the first interface AN of the distributor, the second distribution port B is connected to the second interface BN of the distributor. connected.
  • the optimal design is that the first ports A1, A2, A3, and A4 of the distributor pass through along the radial direction of the distributor body 1; the second ports B1, B2, B3, and B4 of the distributor are along the It penetrates in the radial direction of the distributor body 1 .
  • both ends of the distributor core 2 protrude out of the distributor body 1 , the outer periphery of one end of the distributor core 2 is provided with a fixed oil sleeve 3 , and the fixed oil sleeve 3 is provided inside the oil sleeve
  • the ring groove 31 communicates with the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , and the liquid outlet 211 of the distributor core 2 .
  • the liquid outlet 211 is used as the liquid inlet
  • the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , and the liquid inlet port of the distributor core 2 communicate with each other.
  • the rotation of the distributor core 2 can be manually driven, and the structure is simple and the cost is low.
  • FIG. 7 it is the hydraulic distributor of the first embodiment (b), which is basically the same in structure as the hydraulic distributor of the first embodiment (a).
  • the rotation of the distributor core 2 is realized by driving the rotary drive device 4, the degree of automation is high, and the control of the distributor core 2 is more precise.
  • the rotary drive device 4 includes a transmission mechanism 42 driven by the rotary power device 41 , and the output end of the transmission mechanism 42 is connected to the distributor core 2 .
  • the rotary power device 41 can use a well-known motor, and the transmission mechanism 42 can use a well-known gear transmission or the like.
  • the rotary drive device 4 also includes an angle sensor element 43 for detecting the rotation angle of the distributor core 2.
  • the angle sensor element 43 can be a well-known angle sensor.
  • the angle sensor element 43 and the rotary power device 41 are respectively connected to the electronic control
  • the unit 44 is electrically connected to form a closed-loop control, so that the rotation control of the distributor core 2 is more precise.
  • the multi-way valve of Embodiment 1 (b) of the present invention includes: a control valve I and a hydraulic distributor II connected to the control valve I, and the hydraulic distributor II adopts the above-mentioned invention hydraulic distributor.
  • the control valve 1 is provided with two control valve working ports A and B; the liquid inlet 221 of the distributor core 2 of the hydraulic distributor is connected with one of the control valve working ports B through pipeline B, and the The liquid outlet 211 and the working port A of the other control valve are connected through the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , the oil jacket oil port 32 and the pipeline A of the fixed oil jacket 3 .
  • control valve I can be an electromagnetic control valve; it can also be a manual control valve.
  • control valve I adopts a three-position six-way valve, which is suitable for the situation where other functional valves are connected behind the multi-way valve.
  • the multi-way valve of the first embodiment (c) which is basically the same as the multi-way valve of the first embodiment (b), the difference is: the multi-way valve of the first embodiment (c)
  • the control valve I adopts a three-position four-way valve, which is suitable for the situation where no other functional valve is connected behind the multi-way valve.
  • the multi-way valve of the first embodiment (d) which is basically the same as the multi-way valve of the first embodiment (c). situation, the difference is: the control valve I in the multi-way valve of the embodiment 1 (d) adopts a two-position four-way valve, which is respectively realized by the two positions (left position and right position) of the valve core of the two-position four-way valve.
  • the oil cylinders connected to the first interface of the distributor and the second interface of the distributor of the hydraulic distributor II perform the rising and falling functions of the components; the neutral function is realized by the hydraulic distributor II, as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12, the distributor One of the first ports of the N distributors of body 1 is used as the first T port, and one of the second ports of the N distributors of the distributor body 1 is used as the second T port.
  • the T ports are all connected to the oil return passage.
  • the two-position four-way valve Since the two-position four-way valve has only two working positions, especially when the two-position four-way valve is an electromagnetic control valve, its internal electronic control structure can be realized only by a spring and an electromagnet, and the structure is simple and the cost is higher. Low.
  • a control valve I is connected to a hydraulic distributor II with a rotary drive device 4 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the multi-way valve of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. It can also be: a control valve I is connected with the hydraulic distributor of the manual drive mode shown in FIG. 4 , which will not be illustrated and described here.
  • a first interface of a distributor and a second interface of a distributor of the hydraulic distributor II are connected to the input of an oil cylinder.
  • Oil port, oil return port; one hydraulic distributor II can be connected to multiple oil cylinders; when one of the oil cylinders is required to work, rotate the distributor core 2 relative to the distributor body 1 by the required angle, so that the first distribution of the distributor core 2
  • the port A corresponds to the position of the first port of a distributor
  • the second port B of the distributor core 2 corresponds to the position of the second port of a distributor, so that the hydraulic circuit of the oil cylinder is communicated.
  • control valve I is operated, and the oil supply path is as follows: control valve pressure oil port P ⁇ control valve working port B ⁇ pipeline B ⁇ liquid inlet port 221 of distributor core 2 ⁇
  • the second section 22 of the axial flow channel ⁇ the second distribution port B ⁇ the second port B1 of the distributor of the distributor body 1 ⁇ the oil inlet port of the oil cylinder ⁇ the oil cavity of the oil cylinder, push the piston to move, and complete the corresponding lifting function of the oil cylinder; oil return path
  • the oil outlet of the oil cylinder ⁇ the first interface A1 of the distributor of the distributor body 1 ⁇ the first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 ⁇ the first section 21 of the axial flow channel ⁇ the liquid outlet 211 of the distributor core 2 ⁇ fixed Oil jacket inner ring groove 31 of oil jacket 3 ⁇ oil jacket oil port 32 ⁇ pipeline A ⁇ control valve working port A ⁇ control valve oil return port T.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the hydraulic distributor of the second embodiment (a) of the present invention includes a distributor body 1 and a distributor core 2 .
  • the distributor body 1 is fixedly arranged, the distributor body 1 has a distributor inner cavity, and the distributor core 2 is rotatably arranged with the distributor inner cavity.
  • the distributor body 1 is provided with a number of distributor interfaces which are respectively communicated with the cavity of the distributor body, the several distributor interfaces are arranged at intervals along the axial direction and are located in different cross-sections, and the several distributor interfaces include N (N is a natural number greater than 1).
  • N is a natural number greater than 1.
  • the number of the two interfaces is equal.
  • the value of N can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the actual hydraulic distribution requirements. For example, when there are more than 4 actuators to be connected, N >4; when there are less than 4 execution components to be connected, 1 ⁇ N ⁇ 4; the value of N matches the number of execution components to be connected.
  • the distributor core 2 is provided with axial flow channels and several distribution ports.
  • One end of the axial flow channel has a liquid inlet 221, and the other end of the axial flow channel has a liquid outlet 211; under different working conditions, the functions of the liquid inlet 221 and the liquid outlet 211 can be interchanged, and the liquid inlet 221 can be used To make a liquid port, the liquid outlet port 211 can be used as a liquid inlet port.
  • the axial flow channel includes a first section 21 of the axial flow channel and a second section 22 of the axial flow channel which are not communicated and are separated by a flow channel partition 23 .
  • a plurality of distribution ports are arranged at intervals along the axial direction and are located in different cross-sections, the plurality of distribution ports include a first distribution port A and a second distribution port B that are not communicated, and the first distribution port A is provided with N (N is greater than 1).
  • N first distribution ports A communicate with the first section 21 of the axial flow channel
  • N second distribution ports B are provided
  • N second distribution ports B are connected to The second section 22 of the axial flow channel is communicated
  • the N first distribution ports A and the N second distribution ports B are arranged radially
  • the first distribution ports A and the first ports A1, A2, A3, A4 of the distributor are The positions and numbers are in one-to-one correspondence
  • the positions and numbers of the second distribution ports B are in one-to-one correspondence with the second ports B1, B2, B3, and B4 of the distributor.
  • a second distribution port B is connected to the second interface B1 of the distributor; similarly, when another first distribution port is connected to the first interface of the distributor When A2 is connected, another second distribution port is connected to the second interface B2 of the distributor; and so on, when the Nth first distribution port is connected to the Nth distributor first interface AN, the Nth first distribution port is connected to the Nth distributor first interface AN.
  • the second distribution port is connected to the second port BN of the Nth distributor.
  • a leakage groove 11 is provided between each adjacent distributor interface on the inner surface of the distributor body 1 , and the leakage groove 11 is used to connect the oil return oil circuit.
  • the optimized design is that the N first ports A1, A2, A3, and A4 of the distributor pass through along the radial direction of the distributor body 1; the N second ports of the distributor B1 , B2 , B3 , and B4 penetrate in the radial direction of the distributor body 1 .
  • both ends of the distributor core 2 protrude out of the distributor body 1 , one end of the distributor core 2 is provided with a fixed oil sleeve 3 on the outer periphery, and the fixed oil sleeve 3 is provided inside the oil sleeve.
  • the ring groove 31 communicates with the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , and the liquid outlet 211 of the distributor core 2 . In different states, when the liquid outlet 211 is used as the liquid inlet, the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , and the liquid inlet port of the distributor core 2 communicate with each other.
  • the rotation of the distributor core 2 can be manually driven, and the structure is simple and the cost is low.
  • the hydraulic distributor of the second embodiment (b) which is basically the same in structure as the hydraulic distributor of the second embodiment (a).
  • the rotation of the distributor core 2 is realized by driving the rotary drive device 4, the degree of automation is high, and the control of the distributor core 2 is more precise.
  • the rotary drive device 4 is the same as the rotary drive device 4 in the first embodiment (b).
  • the multi-way valve of the second embodiment of the present invention includes: a control valve I and a hydraulic distributor II connected to the control valve I, and the hydraulic distributor II adopts the above-mentioned invention hydraulic distributor.
  • the control valve 1 is provided with two control valve working ports A and B; the liquid inlet 221 of the distributor core 2 of the hydraulic distributor is connected with one of the control valve working ports B through pipeline B, and the The liquid outlet 211 and the working port A of the other control valve are connected through the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , the oil jacket oil port 32 and the pipeline A of the fixed oil jacket 3 .
  • control valve I can be an electromagnetic control valve; it can also be a manual control valve.
  • control valve I adopts a three-position six-way valve, which is suitable for the situation where other functional valves are connected behind the multi-way valve.
  • the multi-way valve of the second embodiment (c) which is basically the same as the multi-way valve of the second embodiment (b), and the difference is:
  • the control valve I adopts a three-position four-way valve, which is suitable for the situation where no other functional valve is connected behind the multi-way valve.
  • the control valve I in the multi-way valve of the second embodiment (d) adopts a two-position four-way valve, which is respectively realized by the two positions (left position and right position) of the valve core of the two-position four-way valve.
  • the oil cylinders connected to the first interface of the distributor and the second interface of the distributor of the hydraulic distributor II perform the functions of rising and falling of the components; the neutral function is realized by the hydraulic distributor II, and the N distributors of the distributor body 1 are first One of the interfaces (for example, the first interface A4 of the distributor in FIG.
  • the first T port is used as the first T port, and one of the N second interfaces of the distributor in the distributor body 1 (for example, the distribution in FIG.
  • the second port B4 of the distributor is used as the second T port, the first T port and the second T port are both connected to the oil return passage, when a first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 is connected to the first T port of the distributor body 1, the distribution When a second distribution port B of the core 2 is connected to the second T port of the distributor body 1, the neutral function is realized.
  • FIG. 18 the embodiments of the multi-way valve shown in FIG. 18 , all illustrate the situation in which a control valve I is connected to a hydraulic distributor II with a rotary drive device 4 shown in FIG. 17 .
  • the multi-way valve of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. It can also be: a control valve I is connected with the hydraulic distributor of the manual drive mode shown in FIG. 13 , which will not be illustrated and described here.
  • a first interface of a distributor and a second interface of a distributor of the hydraulic distributor II are connected to the input of an oil cylinder.
  • Oil port, oil return port; one hydraulic distributor II can be connected to multiple oil cylinders; when one of the oil cylinders is required to work, rotate the distributor core 2 relative to the distributor body 1 by the required angle, so that a first one of the distributor core 2
  • the distribution port A corresponds to the position of the first interface of a distributor
  • the second distribution port B of the distributor core 2 corresponds to the position of the second port of the distributor, so that the hydraulic circuit of the oil cylinder is communicated.
  • control valve I is operated, and the oil supply path is as follows: control valve pressure oil port P ⁇ control valve working port B ⁇ pipeline B ⁇ liquid inlet 221 of distributor core 2 ⁇
  • the path is as follows: the oil outlet of the oil cylinder ⁇ the first interface A1 of the distributor of the distributor body 1 ⁇ a first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 ⁇ the first section 21 of the axial flow channel ⁇ the liquid outlet 211 of the distributor core 2 ⁇ Fixed oil jacket inner ring groove 31 of oil jacket 3 ⁇ oil jacket oil port 32 ⁇ pipeline A ⁇ control valve working port A ⁇ control valve oil return port T.
  • the hydraulic distributor of the third embodiment (a) of the present invention includes a distributor body 1 and a distributor core 2 .
  • the distributor body 1 is fixedly arranged, the distributor body 1 has a distributor inner cavity, and the distributor core 2 can slide back and forth linearly along the distributor inner cavity.
  • the value of N can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the actual hydraulic distribution requirements. For example, when there are more than 4 actuators to be connected, N >4; when there are less than 4 execution components to be connected, 1 ⁇ N ⁇ 4; the value of N matches the number of execution components to be connected.
  • the distributor core 2 is provided with longitudinal flow channels and distribution ports.
  • One end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid inlet 221, and the other end of the longitudinal flow channel has a liquid outlet 211; under different working conditions, the functions of the liquid inlet 221 and the liquid outlet 211 can be interchanged, and the liquid inlet 221 can be used for liquid port, the liquid outlet port 211 can be used as the liquid inlet port.
  • the longitudinal flow channel includes a first section 21a of the longitudinal flow channel and a second section 22a of the longitudinal flow channel that are separated by the flow channel partition 23;
  • the distribution port includes a first distribution port A and a second distribution port B that are not communicated,
  • the first distribution port A communicates with the first section 21a of the longitudinal flow channel, and the second distribution port B communicates with the second section 22a of the longitudinal flow channel;
  • the first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 communicates with the first distribution port of the distributor body 1.
  • the positions of the ports A1, A2, A3, and A4 correspond to each other, and the second distribution port B of the distributor core 2 corresponds to the positions of the second ports B1, B2, B3, and B4 of the distributor of the distributor body 1 .
  • the second distribution port B When the first distribution port A is connected to the first interface A1 of the distributor, the second distribution port B is connected to the second interface B1 of the distributor; similarly, when the first distribution port A is connected to the first interface A2 of the distributor , the second distribution port B is connected to the second interface B2 of the distributor; and so on, when the first distribution port A is connected to the first interface AN of the distributor, the second distribution port B is connected to the second interface BN of the distributor Pass.
  • the distributor body 1 and the distributor core 2 are not limited to the cylindrical shape shown in FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 , and the distributor body 1 and the distributor core 2 may also be in the corresponding prism shape.
  • the optimal design is that the N distributor first interfaces A1, A2, A3, and A4 are evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the distributor body 1; the N distributor second interfaces B1, B2, B3, and B4 are distributed along the distributor body. 1 is evenly distributed longitudinally.
  • both ends of the distributor core 2 protrude out of the distributor body 1 , one end of the distributor core 2 is provided with a fixed oil sleeve 3 on the outer periphery, and the fixed oil sleeve 3 is provided inside the oil sleeve.
  • the ring groove 31 communicates with the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , and the liquid outlet 211 of the distributor core 2 . In different states, when the liquid outlet 211 is used as the liquid inlet, the oil jacket oil port 32 , the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , and the liquid inlet port of the distributor core 2 communicate with each other.
  • the reciprocating linear sliding of the distributor core 2 can be manually driven, and the structure is simple and the cost is low.
  • the hydraulic distributor of the third embodiment (b) which is basically the same in structure as the hydraulic distributor of the third embodiment (a), except that the distributor core 2 is connected with a linear drive device 4a, and the distribution The reciprocating linear sliding of the distributor core 2 is realized by driving the linear drive device 4a, the degree of automation is high, and the control of the distributor core 2 is more precise.
  • the linear drive device 4 a includes a linear power device 41 a , and the output end of the linear power device 41 a is connected to the distributor core 2 .
  • a linear power device 41a a known telescopic cylinder, a linear motor, or the like can be used.
  • the linear driving device 4a further includes a linear sensing element 42a for detecting the linear displacement of the distributor core 2.
  • the linear sensing element 42a can be a known linear sensor.
  • the linear sensing element 42a and the linear power device 41a are respectively connected to the electronic control
  • the unit 44 is electrically connected to form a closed-loop control, so that the linear motion control of the distributor core 2 is more precise.
  • the multi-way valve of the third embodiment (b) of the present invention includes: a control valve I and a hydraulic distributor II connected to the control valve I, and the hydraulic distributor II adopts the above-mentioned invention hydraulic distributor.
  • the control valve 1 is provided with two control valve working ports A and B; the liquid inlet 221 of the distributor core 2 of the hydraulic distributor is connected with one of the control valve working ports B through pipeline B, and the The liquid outlet 211 and the working port A of the other control valve are connected through the oil jacket inner ring groove 31 , the oil jacket oil port 32 and the pipeline A of the fixed oil jacket 3 .
  • control valve I can be an electromagnetic control valve; it can also be a manual control valve.
  • control valve I adopts a three-position six-way valve, which is suitable for the situation where other functional valves are connected behind the multi-way valve.
  • the multi-way valve of the third embodiment (c) which is basically the same as the multi-way valve of the third embodiment (b). The difference is that: the multi-way valve of the third embodiment (c)
  • the control valve I adopts a three-position four-way valve, which is suitable for the situation where no other functional valve is connected behind the multi-way valve.
  • the multi-way valve of the third embodiment (d) which is basically the same as the multi-way valve of the third embodiment (c), and is also applicable to the valve that is not connected to other functional valves behind the multi-way valve.
  • the difference is: the control valve I in the multi-way valve of the third embodiment (d) adopts a two-position four-way valve, which is respectively realized by the two positions (left position and right position) of the valve core of the two-position four-way valve.
  • the oil cylinders connected to the first interface of the distributor and the second interface of the distributor of the hydraulic distributor II perform the functions of rising and falling of the components; the neutral function is realized by the hydraulic distributor II, and the N distributors of the distributor body 1 are first One of the interfaces (for example, the first interface A4 of the distributor in Fig. 25) is used as the first T port, and one of the N second interfaces of the distributor in the distributor body 1 (for example, the distribution in Fig.
  • the second port B4 of the distributor is used as the second T port, the first T port and the second T port are both connected to the oil return passage, when the first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 is connected to the first T port of the distributor body 1, the distributor When the second distribution port B of the core 2 communicates with the second T port of the distributor body 1, the neutral function is realized.
  • FIG. 27 illustrate the situation in which a control valve I is connected to a hydraulic distributor II with a linear drive device 4 a shown in FIG. 24 .
  • the multi-way valve of the present invention includes but is not limited to the above embodiments. It can also be: a control valve I is connected to the hydraulic distributor of the manual drive mode shown in FIG. 21 , which will not be illustrated and described here.
  • a first interface of a distributor and a second interface of a distributor of the hydraulic distributor II are connected to the input of an oil cylinder.
  • Oil port, oil return port; one hydraulic distributor II can be connected to multiple oil cylinders; when one of the oil cylinders is required to work, move the distributor core 2 relative to the distributor body 1 linearly by the required distance, so that the first The distribution port A corresponds to the position of the first interface of a distributor, and the second distribution port B of the distributor core 2 corresponds to the position of the second port of a distributor, so that the hydraulic circuit of the oil cylinder is communicated.
  • control valve I is operated, and the oil supply path is as follows: control valve pressure oil port P ⁇ control valve working port B ⁇ pipeline B ⁇ liquid inlet port 221 of distributor core 2 ⁇
  • the oil return path is as follows : Oil outlet of the oil cylinder ⁇ the first interface A1 of the distributor of the distributor body 1 ⁇ the first distribution port A of the distributor core 2 ⁇ the first section 21a of the longitudinal flow channel ⁇ the liquid outlet 211 of the distributor core 2 ⁇ the fixed oil jacket 3 oil jacket inner ring groove 31 ⁇ oil jacket oil port 32 ⁇ pipeline A ⁇ control valve working port A ⁇ control valve return oil port T.
  • the hydraulic distributor of the present invention includes a distributor body and a distributor core which is rotatably arranged with the cavity of the distributor body (or reciprocating linear sliding arrangement), and the distributor body is provided with N first distributor ports and N distributor second ports , when connecting with the execution part, a first interface of a distributor and a second interface of a distributor are connected to an execution part, so that a hydraulic distributor can be connected to multiple execution parts; when one of the execution parts is required to work, rotate the distributor core, Make it rotate at a required angle relative to the distributor body (or, make the distributor core slide linearly and move the required distance relative to the distributor body), the first distribution port of the distributor core corresponds to the position of the first interface of a distributor, and the distribution The second distribution port of the core corresponds to the position of a second interface of a distributor, so that the liquid path of the execution part is communicated, and then the execution part is manipulated to complete the corresponding part function.
  • a hydraulic distributor of the present invention can be connected to a plurality of execution components. Compared with the structure of the prior art in which an execution component needs to be connected to a three-position, six-way valve, on the premise of having the traditional multi-way hydraulic distribution function, the present invention The structure of the invented hydraulic distributor is greatly simplified and more compact.
  • the multi-way valve of the present invention only uses a connected control valve and a hydraulic distributor capable of connecting multiple execution components, that is, the hydraulic distribution function of the traditional multi-way valve can be realized, the structure is greatly simplified, the structure is more compact, and the cost is low.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多路阀及其液压分配器，多路阀包括相连接的一个控制阀和一个液压分配器；液压分配器包括分配器体和与分配器体内腔转动设置或者往复直线滑动设置的分配器芯，分配器体设置有N个分配器第一接口、N个分配器第二接口；分配器芯设置有轴向流道、第一分配口、第二分配口，轴向流道包括不相通的轴向流道第一段和轴向流道第二段，第一分配口与轴向流道第一段相通并且与分配器第一接口位置对应，第二分配口与轴向流道第二段相通并且与分配器第二接口位置对应；本发明的多路阀仅采用一个控制阀和一个能够连接多个执行部件的液压分配器，即能实现多路液压分配功能，结构大为简化，成本低。

Description

多路阀及其液压分配器
郑重声明：
本发明要求了以下三项专利申请的优先权：
申请日为2020年11月10日、申请号为202011249524.6、名称为“多路阀及其液压分配器”的中国发明专利申请；
申请日为2020年11月10日、申请号为202011249797.0、名称为“多路阀及其液压分配器”的中国发明专利申请；
申请日为2020年11月10日、申请号为202011249896.9、名称为“多路阀及其液压分配器”的中国发明专利申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及液压技术领域，具体涉及一种液压分配器及采用该液压分配器的多路阀，尤其适用于农业机械和工程机械。
背景技术
多路阀用来操纵多个执行部件(例如油缸或油马达)的运动，在拖拉机等农业机械以及工程机械中得到广泛应用。传统的多路阀，其原理如图1所示，在多路阀的后边接通其它功能阀，多路阀包括多个相连的三位六通阀，多路阀的每路阀由一个三位六通阀组成，每个三位六通阀用于连接机械的一个执行部件，通过手动或两个电磁铁驱动三位六通阀的运动，图1所示的三位六通阀处于中位功能状态，图2和图3是三位六通阀在其它两个位置的功能状态图；这种结构的多路阀的各路阀结构基本相同，并且每次仅能有一路阀在工作，当多路阀其中的一路阀工作时，后接的其它功能阀必须处于卸载状态，随着阀路数量的增多，多路阀的结构越来越复杂庞大，特别是电磁铁驱动的三位六通阀结构，由于每路需要两个电磁铁，导致整个多路阀成本昂贵。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明所要解决的第一个技术问题是：提供一种能够连接多个执行部件的液压分配器，应用于多路阀，简化多路阀的结构，降低成本。
基于一个总的发明构思，本发明所要解决的第二个技术问题是：提供一种多路阀，采用本发明的液压分配器，简化多路阀的结构，降低成本。
为解决上述第一个技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：液压分配器，所述液压分配器包括：
分配器体，所述分配器体具有分配器体内腔，所述分配器体设置有分别与所述分配器体内腔相通的分配器第一接口和分配器第二接口，所述分配器第一接口设置有N个，N个所述分配器第一接口位于所述分配器体的一个横截面内并且呈辐射状布置；所述分配器第二接口设置有N个，N个所述分配器第二接口位于所述分配器体的另一个横截面内并且呈辐射状布置；其中，N>1；
分配器芯，所述分配器芯与所述分配器体内腔转动设置，所述分配器芯设置有轴向流道和分配口；所述轴向流道的一端具有进液口，所述轴向流道的另一端具有出液口，所述轴向流道包括不相通的轴向流道第一段和轴向流道第二段；所述分配口包括不相通的一个第一分配口和一个第二分配口，所述第一 分配口与所述轴向流道第一段相通并且与所述分配器第一接口位置对应，所述第二分配口与所述轴向流道第二段相通并且与所述分配器第二接口位置对应；当所述第一分配口与一个所述分配器第一接口接通时，所述第二分配口与一个所述分配器第二接口接通。
其中，所述轴向流道第一段与所述轴向流道第二段通过流道隔断分隔。
其中，N个所述分配器第一接口沿着所述分配器体的径向贯通；N个所述分配器第二接口沿着所述分配器体的径向贯通。
其中，所述分配器芯的两端均伸出所述分配器体外，所述分配器芯的一端外周设置有固定油套，所述固定油套设置有油套内环槽和油套油口，所述油套油口、所述油套内环槽、所述分配器芯的所述出液口相通；或者，所述油套油口、所述油套内环槽、所述分配器芯的所述进液口相通。
其中，所述分配器芯连接有回转驱动装置。
其中，所述回转驱动装置包括由回转动力装置驱动的传动机构，所述传动机构的输出端连接所述分配器芯。
其中，所述回转驱动装置还包括用于检测所述分配器芯回转角度的角度传感元件，所述角度传感元件、所述回转动力装置分别与电控单元电连接。
基于一个总的发明构思，为解决上述第一个技术问题，本发明的技术方案还可以是：液压分配器，所述液压分配器包括：
分配器体，所述分配器体具有分配器体内腔和与所述分配器体内腔相通的若干分配器接口，若干所述分配器接口沿着轴向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干所述分配器接口包括N个分配器第一接口和N个分配器第二接口，其中，N>1；
分配器芯，所述分配器芯与所述分配器体内腔转动设置，所述分配器芯设置有轴向流道和若干分配口；所述轴向流道的一端具有进液口，所述轴向流道的另一端具有出液口，所述轴向流道包括不相通的轴向流道第一段和轴向流道第二段；若干所述分配口沿着轴向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干所述分配口包括不相通的第一分配口和第二分配口，所述第一分配口设置有N个，N个所述第一分配口与所述轴向流道第一段相通，所述第二分配口设置有N个，N个所述第二分配口与所述轴向流道第二段相通；N个所述第一分配口、N个所述第二分配口均呈辐射状布置；
所述第一分配口与所述分配器第一接口的位置及数量一一对应，所述第二分配口与所述分配器第二接口的位置及数量一一对应；当一个所述第一分配口与一个所述分配器第一接口接通时，一个所述第二分配口与一个所述分配器第二接口接通。
其中，在所述分配器体的内表面各相邻的所述分配器接口之间设置有泄漏槽。
其中，所述分配器芯连接有回转驱动装置。
基于一个总的发明构思，为解决上述第一个技术问题，本发明的技术方案还可以是：液压分配器，所述液压分配器包括：
分配器体，所述分配器体具有分配器体内腔和与所述分配器体内腔相通的若干分配器接口，若干所述分配器接口沿着纵向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干所述分配器接口在横截面内的投影重合，若干所述分配器接口包括N个分配器第一接口和N个分配器第二接口，其中，N>1；
分配器芯，所述分配器芯可沿所述分配器体内腔往复直线滑动，所述分配器芯设置有纵向流道和分 配口；所述纵向流道的一端具有进液口，所述纵向流道的另一端具有出液口，所述纵向流道包括不相通的纵向流道第一段和纵向流道第二段；所述分配口包括不相通的一个第一分配口和一个第二分配口，所述第一分配口与所述纵向流道第一段相通并且与所述分配器第一接口位置对应，所述第二分配口与所述纵向流道第二段相通并且与所述分配器第二接口位置对应；当所述第一分配口与一个所述分配器第一接口接通时，所述第二分配口与一个所述分配器第二接口接通。
其中，所述分配器芯连接有直线驱动装置。
其中，所述直线驱动装置包括直线动力装置，所述直线动力装置的输出端连接所述分配器芯。
其中，所述直线驱动装置还包括用于检测所述分配器芯直线位移的直线传感元件，所述直线传感元件、所述直线动力装置分别与电控单元电连接。
为解决上述第二个技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：多路阀，所述多路阀包括：
一个控制阀，所述控制阀包括两个控制阀工作口；
一个液压分配器，所述液压分配器是以上所述的液压分配器，所述分配器芯的所述进液口与其中一个所述控制阀工作口相连接，所述分配器芯的所述出液口与另一个所述控制阀工作口相连接。
以下是对本发明多路阀的进一步改进：
其中，所述控制阀为三位六通阀，或者三位四通阀，或者二位四通阀。
其中，所述控制阀为电磁控制阀；或者，所述控制阀为手动控制阀。
采用了上述技术方案后，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明的液压分配器包括分配器体和与分配器体内腔转动设置(或者往复直线滑动设置)的分配器芯，与执行部件连接时，一个分配器第一接口、一个分配器第二接口连接一个执行部件，由于分配器体设置有N个分配器第一接口、N个分配器第二接口，从而一个液压分配器能够连接多个个执行部件；需要其中一个执行部件工作时，转动分配器芯，使其相对于分配器体转动需要角度(或者，使分配器芯直线滑动，相对于分配器体移动需要的距离)，分配器芯的第一分配口与一个分配器第一接口位置对应，分配器芯的第二分配口与一个分配器第二接口位置对应，从而使得该执行部件的液路连通，进而操纵该执行部件完成相应的部件功能。
由于本发明的一个液压分配器能够连接多个执行部件，相比于现有技术的一个执行部件需要连接一个三位六通阀的结构相比，在具备传统多路液压分配功能的前提下，本发明的液压分配器结构大大简化，更紧凑。
由于本发明的多路阀仅采用相连接的一个控制阀和一个本发明的液压分配器，即能实现传统多路阀的液压分配功能，多路阀的结构组成大为简化，成本低。
附图说明
图1是传统的多路阀原理示意图；
图2是图1中的三位六通阀处于左位功能状态图；
图3是图1中的三位六通阀处于右位功能状态图；
图4是本发明实施例一(a)的液压分配器结构剖视示意图；
图5是图4中X-X剖视示意图；
图6是图4中Y-Y剖视示意图；
图7是发明实施例一(b)的液压分配器结构示意图；
图8是发明实施例一(b)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图9是发明实施例一(c)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图10是发明实施例一(d)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图11是图10中X-X剖视示意图；
图12是图10中Y-Y剖视示意图；
图13是本发明实施例二(a)的液压分配器结构剖视示意图；
图14是图13中X-X剖视示意图；
图15是图13中Y-Y剖视示意图；
图16是图13中I处放大示意图；
图17是发明实施例二(b)的液压分配器结构示意图；
图18是发明实施例二(b)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图19是发明实施例二(c)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图20是发明实施例二(d)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图21是本发明实施例三(a)的液压分配器结构剖视示意图；
图22是图21中X-X剖视示意图；
图23是图21中Y-Y剖视示意图；
图24是发明实施例三(b)的液压分配器结构示意图；
图25是发明实施例三(b)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图26是发明实施例三(c)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图27是发明实施例三(d)的多路阀结构原理示意图；
图中：I-控制阀；II-液压分配器；
1-分配器体；2-分配器芯；21-轴向流道第一段；21a-纵向流道第一段；211-出液口；22-轴向流道第二段；22a-纵向流道第二段；221-进液口；23-流道隔断；3-固定油套；31-油套内环槽；32-油套油口；4-回转驱动装置；41-回转动力装置；42-传动机构；43-角度传感元件；4a-直线驱动装置；41a-直线动力装置；42a-直线传感元件；44-电控单元。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而非对本发明的限制。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有规定或限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“相连接”等应做广义理解，例如，可以是机械连接或电连接或液压连接；可以是两个元件之间的直接相连，还可以是通过中间媒介间接相连，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于方便描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
实施例一：
如图4、图5和图6共同所示，本发明实施例一(a)的液压分配器包括：分配器体1和分配器芯2。分配器体1固定设置，分配器体1具有分配器体内腔，分配器芯2与分配器体内腔转动设置。
分配器体1设置有N个(N是大于1的自然数，图中示意出了N＝4的情形)分别与其分配器体内腔相通的分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4，和N个分别与其分配器体内腔相通的分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4，分配器第一接口与分配器第二接口的数量相等。分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4位于分配器体1的一个横截面内并且呈辐射状布置；分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4位于分配器体1的另一个横截面内并且呈辐射状布置。虽然图中示意出了N＝4的情形，显然，不局限于N＝4，根据实际液压分配需求，N的数值可以适当增减，例如，当需要连接的执行部件多于4个时，N>4；当需要连接的执行部件少于4个时，1<N<4；N的取值与需要连接的执行部件数量相匹配。
分配器芯2设置有轴向流道和分配口。轴向流道的一端具有进液口221，轴向流道的另一端具有出液口211；不同工作状态下，进液口221、出液口211的功能可以互换，进液口221可用作出液口，出液口211可用作进液口。轴向流道包括通过流道隔断23分隔的不相通的轴向流道第一段21和轴向流道第二段22；分配口包括不相通的一个第一分配口A和一个第二分配口B，第一分配口A与轴向流道第一段21相通，第二分配口B与轴向流道第二段22相通；分配器芯2的第一分配口A与分配器体1的分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4位置对应，分配器芯2的第二分配口B与分配器体1的分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4位置对应。当第一分配口A与分配器第一接口A1接通时，第二分配口B与分配器第二接口B1接通；同理，当第一分配口A与分配器第一接口A2接通时，第二分配口B与分配器第二接口接通B2；以此类推，当第一分配口A与分配器第一接口AN接通时，第二分配口B与分配器第二接口BN接通。
如图5和图6所示，其中，优化设计为分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4沿着分配器体1的径向贯通；分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4沿着分配器体1的径向贯通。
如图4所示，其中，分配器芯2的两端均伸出分配器体1外，分配器芯2的一端外周设有固定设置的固定油套3，固定油套3设置有油套内环槽31和油套油口32，油套油口32、油套内环槽31、分配器芯2的出液口211相通。不同状态下，出液口211用作进液口时，油套油口32、油套内环槽31、分配器芯2的进液口相通。
实施例一(a)的液压分配器，其分配器芯2的转动，可以采用手动驱动方式，结构简单，成本低。
如图7所示，为实施例一(b)的液压分配器，与实施例一(a)的液压分配器结构基本相同，不同之处在于：分配器芯2连接有回转驱动装置4，分配器芯2的转动通过回转驱动装置4驱动实现，自动化程度高，分配器芯2的控制更精准。
其中，回转驱动装置4包括由回转动力装置41驱动的传动机构42，传动机构42的输出端连接分配器芯2。回转动力装置41可以采用公知的电机，传动机构42可以采用公知的齿轮传动等方式。
其中，回转驱动装置4还包括用于检测分配器芯2回转角度的角度传感元件43，角度传感元件43可采用公知的角度传感器，角度传感元件43、回转动力装置41分别与电控单元44电连接，形成闭环控制，使得分配器芯2的转动控制更精准。
如图8所示，本发明实施例一(b)的多路阀包括：一个控制阀I和与控制阀I相连接的一个液压分配器II，该液压分配器II采用以上所述的本发明的液压分配器。其中，控制阀I设置有两个控制阀工作口A、B；液压分配器的分配器芯2的进液口221与其中一个控制阀工作口B通过管路B相连接，分配器芯2的出液口211与另一个控制阀工作口A之间通过固定油套3的油套内环槽31、油套油口32、管路A相连接。
其中，控制阀I可以是电磁控制阀；也可以是手动控制阀。
实施例一(b)中，控制阀I采用了三位六通阀，适用于在多路阀的后边还接通其它功能阀的情形。
如图9所示，为实施例一(c)的多路阀，与实施例一(b)的多路阀结构原理基本相同，不同之处在于：实施例一(c)的多路阀中的控制阀I采用了三位四通阀，适用于在多路阀的后边没有接通其它功能阀的情形。
如图10所示，为实施例一(d)的多路阀，与实施例一(c)的多路阀结构原理基本相同，同样适用于在多路阀的后边没有接通其它功能阀的情形，不同之处在于：实施例一(d)的多路阀中的控制阀I采用二位四通阀，通过二位四通阀的阀芯的两位(左位、右位)分别实现与液压分配器II的分配器第一接口、分配器第二接口相连的油缸等执行部件的上升和下降功能；中立功能由液压分配器II实现，如图11和图12所示，将分配器体1的N个分配器第一接口中的其中一个作为第一T口，将分配器体1的N个分配器第二接口中的其中一个作为第二T口，第一T口、第二T口均连通回油通路，当分配器芯2的第一分配口A连通分配器体1的第一T口、分配器芯2的第二分配口B连通分配器体1的第二T口时，即实现中立功能。
由于二位四通阀只有两个工作位置，尤其是当二位四通阀是电磁控制阀时，其内部的电控结构，仅通过一个弹簧及一个电磁铁就得以实现，结构简单，成本更低。
以上图8、图9、图10所示的多路阀各实施例中，示意的均是一个控制阀I连接图7所示的带有回转驱动装置4的一个液压分配器II的情形。
显然，本发明的多路阀包括但不限于以上实施例。还可以是：一个控制阀I与图4所示的手动驱动方式的液压分配器相连接，在此不再图示及赘述。
实施例一的多路阀应用于拖拉机等农业机械或工程机械上时，以执行部件为油缸为例，液压分配器II的一个分配器第一接口、一个分配器第二接口连接一个油缸的进油口、回油口；一个液压分配器II能够连接多个油缸；需要其中一个油缸工作时，将分配器芯2相对于分配器体1转动需要的角度，使得分配器芯2的第一分配口A与一个分配器第一接口位置对应，分配器芯2的第二分配口B与一个分配器第二接口位置对应，从而使得该油缸的液路连通。以图8所示实现油缸的提升功能为例，操纵控制阀I，供油路径如下：控制阀压力油口P→控制阀工作口B→管路B→分配器芯2的进液口221→轴向流道第二段22→第二分配口B→分配器体1的分配器第二接口B1→油缸进油口→油缸油腔，推动活塞运动，完成相应的油缸提升功能；回油路径如下：油缸出油口→分配器体1的分配器第一接口A1→分配器芯2的第一分配口A→轴向流道第一段21→分配器芯2的出液口211→固定油套3的油套内环槽31→油套油口32→管路A→控制阀工作口A→控制阀回油口T。
实施例二：
如图13、图14和图15共同所示，本发明实施例二(a)的液压分配器包括：分配器体1和分配器芯2。分配器体1固定设置，分配器体1具有分配器体内腔，分配器芯2与分配器体内腔转动设置。
分配器体1设置有分别与其分配器体内腔相通的若干分配器接口，若干分配器接口沿着轴向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干分配器接口包括N个(N是大于1的自然数，图中示意出了N＝4的情形)分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4，和N个分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4，分配器第一接口与分配器第 二接口的数量相等。虽然图中示意出了N＝4的情形，显然，不局限于N＝4，根据实际液压分配需求，N的数值可以适当增减，例如，当需要连接的执行部件多于4个时，N>4；当需要连接的执行部件少于4个时，1<N<4；N的取值与需要连接的执行部件数量相匹配。
分配器芯2设置有轴向流道和若干分配口。轴向流道的一端具有进液口221，轴向流道的另一端具有出液口211；不同工作状态下，进液口221、出液口211的功能可以互换，进液口221可用作出液口，出液口211可用作进液口。轴向流道包括通过流道隔断23分隔的不相通的轴向流道第一段21和轴向流道第二段22。若干分配口沿着轴向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干分配口包括不相通的第一分配口A和第二分配口B，第一分配口A设置有N个(N是大于1的自然数，图中示意出了N＝4的情形)，N个第一分配口A与轴向流道第一段21相通，第二分配口B设置有N个，N个第二分配口B与轴向流道第二段22相通；N个第一分配口A、N个第二分配口B均呈辐射状布置；第一分配口A与分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4的位置及数量一一对应，第二分配口B与分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4的位置及数量一一对应。当一个第一分配口A与分配器第一接口A1接通时，一个第二分配口B与分配器第二接口B1接通；同理，当另一个第一分配口与分配器第一接口A2接通时，另一个第二分配口与分配器第二接口B2接通；以此类推，当第N个第一分配口与第N个分配器第一接口AN接通时，第N个第二分配口与第N个分配器第二接口BN接通。
如图16所示，其中，在分配器体1的内表面各相邻的分配器接口之间设置有泄漏槽11，泄漏槽11用于连接回油油路。某一路工作时，既使有高压泄漏，会通过泄漏槽进行泄漏，而不会泄漏到邻路，从而不会对邻路造成影响，工作更可靠。
如图13、图14和图15所示，其中，优化设计为，N个分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4沿着分配器体1的径向贯通；N个分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4沿着分配器体1的径向贯通。
如图13所示，其中，分配器芯2的两端均伸出分配器体1外，分配器芯2的一端外周设有固定设置的固定油套3，固定油套3设置有油套内环槽31和油套油口32，油套油口32、油套内环槽31、分配器芯2的出液口211相通。不同状态下，出液口211用作进液口时，油套油口32、油套内环槽31、分配器芯2的进液口相通。
实施例二(a)的液压分配器，其分配器芯2的转动，可以采用手动驱动方式，结构简单，成本低。
如图17所示，为实施例二(b)的液压分配器，与实施例二(a)的液压分配器结构基本相同，不同之处在于：分配器芯2连接有回转驱动装置4，分配器芯2的转动通过回转驱动装置4驱动实现，自动化程度高，分配器芯2的控制更精准。其中，回转驱动装置4与实施例一(b)中的回转驱动装置4相同。
如图18所示，本发明实施例二(b)的多路阀包括：一个控制阀I和与控制阀I相连接的一个液压分配器II，该液压分配器II采用以上所述的本发明的液压分配器。其中，控制阀I设置有两个控制阀工作口A、B；液压分配器的分配器芯2的进液口221与其中一个控制阀工作口B通过管路B相连接，分配器芯2的出液口211与另一个控制阀工作口A之间通过固定油套3的油套内环槽31、油套油口32、管路A相连接。
其中，控制阀I可以是电磁控制阀；也可以是手动控制阀。
实施例二(b)中，控制阀I采用了三位六通阀，适用于在多路阀的后边还接通其它功能阀的情形。
如图19所示，为实施例二(c)的多路阀，与实施例二(b)的多路阀结构原理基本相同，不同之处在于： 实施例二(c)的多路阀中的控制阀I采用了三位四通阀，适用于在多路阀的后边没有接通其它功能阀的情形。
如图20所示，为实施例二(d)的多路阀，与实施例二(c)的多路阀结构原理基本相同，同样适用于在多路阀的后边没有接通其它功能阀的情形，不同之处在于：实施例二(d)的多路阀中的控制阀I采用二位四通阀，通过二位四通阀的阀芯的两位(左位、右位)分别实现与液压分配器II的分配器第一接口、分配器第二接口相连的油缸等执行部件的上升和下降功能；中立功能由液压分配器II实现，将分配器体1的N个分配器第一接口中的其中一个(例如将图19中的分配器第一接口A4)作为第一T口，将分配器体1的N个分配器第二接口中的其中一个(例如将图19中的分配器第二接口B4)作为第二T口，第一T口、第二T口均连通回油通路，当分配器芯2的一个第一分配口A连通分配器体1的第一T口、分配器芯2的一个第二分配口B连通分配器体1的第二T口时，即实现中立功能。
以上图18、图19、图20所示的多路阀各实施例中，示意的均是一个控制阀I连接图17所示的带有回转驱动装置4的一个液压分配器II的情形。
显然，本发明的多路阀包括但不限于以上实施例。还可以是：一个控制阀I与图13所示的手动驱动方式的液压分配器相连接，在此不再图示及赘述。
实施例二的多路阀应用于拖拉机等农业机械或工程机械上时，以执行部件为油缸为例，液压分配器II的一个分配器第一接口、一个分配器第二接口连接一个油缸的进油口、回油口；一个液压分配器II能够连接多个油缸；需要其中一个油缸工作时，将分配器芯2相对于分配器体1转动需要的角度，使得分配器芯2的一个第一分配口A与一个分配器第一接口位置对应，分配器芯2的一个第二分配口B与一个分配器第二接口位置对应，从而使得该油缸的液路连通。以图18所示实现油缸的提升功能为例，操纵控制阀I，供油路径如下：控制阀压力油口P→控制阀工作口B→管路B→分配器芯2的进液口221→轴向流道第二段22→一个第二分配口B→分配器体1的分配器第二接口B1→油缸进油口→油缸油腔，推动活塞运动，完成相应的油缸提升功能；回油路径如下：油缸出油口→分配器体1的分配器第一接口A1→分配器芯2的一个第一分配口A→轴向流道第一段21→分配器芯2的出液口211→固定油套3的油套内环槽31→油套油口32→管路A→控制阀工作口A→控制阀回油口T。
实施例三：
如图21、图22和图23共同所示，本发明实施例三(a)的液压分配器包括：分配器体1和分配器芯2。分配器体1固定设置，分配器体1具有分配器体内腔，分配器芯2可沿分配器体内腔往复直线滑动。
分配器体1设置有分别与其分配器体内腔相通的若干分配器接口，若干分配器接口沿着纵向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干分配器接口在横截面内的投影重合，若干分配器接口包括N个(N是大于1的自然数，图中示意出了N＝4的情形)分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4，和N个分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4，分配器第一接口与分配器第二接口的数量相等。虽然图中示意出了N＝4的情形，显然，不局限于N＝4，根据实际液压分配需求，N的数值可以适当增减，例如，当需要连接的执行部件多于4个时，N>4；当需要连接的执行部件少于4个时，1<N<4；N的取值与需要连接的执行部件数量相匹配。
分配器芯2设置有纵向流道和分配口。纵向流道的一端具有进液口221，纵向流道的另一端具有出液口211；不同工作状态下，进液口221、出液口211的功能可以互换，进液口221可用作出液口，出液口 211可用作进液口。纵向流道包括通过流道隔断23分隔的不相通的纵向流道第一段21a和纵向流道第二段22a；分配口包括不相通的一个第一分配口A和一个第二分配口B，第一分配口A与纵向流道第一段21a相通，第二分配口B与纵向流道第二段22a相通；分配器芯2的第一分配口A与分配器体1的分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4位置对应，分配器芯2的第二分配口B与分配器体1的分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4位置对应。当第一分配口A与分配器第一接口A1接通时，第二分配口B与分配器第二接口B1接通；同理，第一分配口A与分配器第一接口A2接通时，第二分配口B与分配器第二接口B2接通；以此类推，当第一分配口A与分配器第一接口AN接通时，第二分配口B与分配器第二接口BN接通。
其中，分配器体1和分配器芯2不局限于图22和图23所示的圆柱体形状，分配器体1与分配器芯2还可以是相适配的棱柱体形状。
其中，优化设计为，N个分配器第一接口A1、A2、A3、A4沿着分配器体1的纵向均布；N个分配器第二接口B1、B2、B3、B4沿着分配器体1的纵向均布。
如图21所示，其中，分配器芯2的两端均伸出分配器体1外，分配器芯2的一端外周设有固定设置的固定油套3，固定油套3设置有油套内环槽31和油套油口32，油套油口32、油套内环槽31、分配器芯2的出液口211相通。不同状态下，出液口211用作进液口时，油套油口32、油套内环槽31、分配器芯2的进液口相通。
实施例三(a)的液压分配器，其分配器芯2的往复直线滑动，可以采用手动驱动方式，结构简单，成本低。
如图24所示，为实施例三(b)的液压分配器，与实施例三(a)的液压分配器结构基本相同，不同之处在于：分配器芯2连接有直线驱动装置4a，分配器芯2的往复直线滑动通过直线驱动装置4a驱动实现，自动化程度高，分配器芯2的控制更精准。
其中，直线驱动装置4a包括直线动力装置41a，直线动力装置41a的输出端连接分配器芯2。直线动力装置41a可以采用公知的伸缩缸、直线电机等。
其中，直线驱动装置4a还包括用于检测分配器芯2直线位移的直线传感元件42a，直线传感元件42a可采用公知的直线传感器，直线传感元件42a、直线动力装置41a分别与电控单元44电连接，形成闭环控制，使得分配器芯2的直线运动控制更精准。
如图25所示，本发明实施例三(b)的多路阀包括：一个控制阀I和与控制阀I相连接的一个液压分配器II，该液压分配器II采用以上所述的本发明的液压分配器。其中，控制阀I设置有两个控制阀工作口A、B；液压分配器的分配器芯2的进液口221与其中一个控制阀工作口B通过管路B相连接，分配器芯2的出液口211与另一个控制阀工作口A之间通过固定油套3的油套内环槽31、油套油口32、管路A相连接。
其中，控制阀I可以是电磁控制阀；也可以是手动控制阀。
实施例三(b)中，控制阀I采用了三位六通阀，适用于在多路阀的后边还接通其它功能阀的情形。
如图26所示，为实施例三(c)的多路阀，与实施例三(b)的多路阀结构原理基本相同，不同之处在于：实施例三(c)的多路阀中的控制阀I采用了三位四通阀，适用于在多路阀的后边没有接通其它功能阀的情形。
如图27所示，为实施例三(d)的多路阀，与实施例三(c)的多路阀结构原理基本相同，同样适用 于在多路阀的后边没有接通其它功能阀的情形，不同之处在于：实施例三(d)的多路阀中的控制阀I采用二位四通阀，通过二位四通阀的阀芯的两位(左位、右位)分别实现与液压分配器II的分配器第一接口、分配器第二接口相连的油缸等执行部件的上升和下降功能；中立功能由液压分配器II实现，将分配器体1的N个分配器第一接口中的其中一个(例如将图25中的分配器第一接口A4)作为第一T口，将分配器体1的N个分配器第二接口中的其中一个(例如将图25中的分配器第二接口B4)作为第二T口，第一T口、第二T口均连通回油通路，当分配器芯2的第一分配口A连通分配器体1的第一T口、分配器芯2的第二分配口B连通分配器体1的第二T口时，即实现中立功能。
以上图25、图26、图27所示的多路阀各实施例中，示意的均是一个控制阀I连接图24所示的带有直线驱动装置4a的一个液压分配器II的情形。
显然，本发明的多路阀包括但不限于以上实施例。还可以是：一个控制阀I与图21所示的手动驱动方式的液压分配器相连接，在此不再图示及赘述。
实施例三的多路阀应用于拖拉机等农业机械或工程机械上时，以执行部件为油缸为例，液压分配器II的一个分配器第一接口、一个分配器第二接口连接一个油缸的进油口、回油口；一个液压分配器II能够连接多个油缸；需要其中一个油缸工作时，将分配器芯2相对于分配器体1直线运动需要的距离，使得分配器芯2的第一分配口A与一个分配器第一接口位置对应，分配器芯2的第二分配口B与一个分配器第二接口位置对应，从而使得该油缸的液路连通。以图25所示实现油缸的提升功能为例，操纵控制阀I，供油路径如下：控制阀压力油口P→控制阀工作口B→管路B→分配器芯2的进液口221→纵向流道第二段22a→第二分配口B→分配器体1的分配器第二接口B1→油缸进油口→油缸油腔，推动活塞运动，完成相应的油缸提升功能；回油路径如下：油缸出油口→分配器体1的分配器第一接口A1→分配器芯2的第一分配口A→纵向流道第一段21a→分配器芯2的出液口211→固定油套3的油套内环槽31→油套油口32→管路A→控制阀工作口A→控制阀回油口T。
工业实用性
本发明的液压分配器包括分配器体和与分配器体内腔转动设置(或者往复直线滑动设置)的分配器芯，分配器体设置有N个分配器第一接口、N个分配器第二接口，与执行部件连接时，一个分配器第一接口、一个分配器第二接口连接一个执行部件，从而一个液压分配器能够连接多个执行部件；需要其中一个执行部件工作时，转动分配器芯，使其相对于分配器体转动需要角度(或者，使分配器芯直线滑动，相对于分配器体移动需要的距离)，分配器芯的第一分配口与一个分配器第一接口位置对应，分配器芯的第二分配口与一个分配器第二接口位置对应，使得该执行部件的液路连通，进而操纵该执行部件完成相应的部件功能。
本发明的一个液压分配器能够连接多个执行部件，相比于现有技术的一个执行部件需要连接一个三位六通阀的结构相比，在具备传统多路液压分配功能的前提下，本发明的液压分配器结构大大简化，更紧凑。
本发明的多路阀仅采用相连接的一个控制阀和一个能够连接多个执行部件的液压分配器，即能实现传统多路阀的液压分配功能，结构大为简化，更紧凑，成本低。

Claims (17)

  1. 液压分配器，其特征在于，所述液压分配器包括：
    分配器体，所述分配器体具有分配器体内腔，所述分配器体设置有分别与所述分配器体内腔相通的分配器第一接口和分配器第二接口，所述分配器第一接口设置有N个，N个所述分配器第一接口位于所述分配器体的一个横截面内并且呈辐射状布置；所述分配器第二接口设置有N个，N个所述分配器第二接口位于所述分配器体的另一个横截面内并且呈辐射状布置；其中，N>1；
    分配器芯，所述分配器芯与所述分配器体内腔转动设置，所述分配器芯设置有轴向流道和分配口；所述轴向流道的一端具有进液口，所述轴向流道的另一端具有出液口，所述轴向流道包括不相通的轴向流道第一段和轴向流道第二段；所述分配口包括不相通的一个第一分配口和一个第二分配口，所述第一分配口与所述轴向流道第一段相通并且与所述分配器第一接口位置对应，所述第二分配口与所述轴向流道第二段相通并且与所述分配器第二接口位置对应；当所述第一分配口与一个所述分配器第一接口接通时，所述第二分配口与一个所述分配器第二接口接通。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述轴向流道第一段与所述轴向流道第二段通过流道隔断分隔。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，N个所述分配器第一接口沿着所述分配器体的径向贯通；N个所述分配器第二接口沿着所述分配器体的径向贯通。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述分配器芯的两端均伸出所述分配器体外，所述分配器芯的一端外周设置有固定油套，所述固定油套设置有油套内环槽和油套油口，所述油套油口、所述油套内环槽、所述分配器芯的所述出液口相通；或者，所述油套油口、所述油套内环槽、所述分配器芯的所述进液口相通。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述分配器芯连接有回转驱动装置。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述回转驱动装置包括由回转动力装置驱动的传动机构，所述传动机构的输出端连接所述分配器芯。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述回转驱动装置还包括用于检测所述分配器芯回转角度的角度传感元件，所述角度传感元件、所述回转动力装置分别与电控单元电连接。
  8. 液压分配器，其特征在于，所述液压分配器包括：
    分配器体，所述分配器体具有分配器体内腔和与所述分配器体内腔相通的若干分配器接口，若干所述分配器接口沿着轴向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干所述分配器接口包括N个分配器第一接口和N个分配器第二接口，其中，N>1；
    分配器芯，所述分配器芯与所述分配器体内腔转动设置，所述分配器芯设置有轴向流道和若干分配口；所述轴向流道的一端具有进液口，所述轴向流道的另一端具有出液口，所述轴向流道包括不相通的轴向流道第一段和轴向流道第二段；若干所述分配口沿着轴向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干所述分配口包括不相通的第一分配口和第二分配口，所述第一分配口设置有N个，N个所述第一分配口与所述轴向流道第一段相通，所述第二分配口设置有N个，N个所述第二分配口与所述轴向流道第二段相通；N个所述第一分配口、N个所述第二分配口均呈辐射状布置；
    所述第一分配口与所述分配器第一接口的位置及数量一一对应，所述第二分配口与所述分配器第二接口的位置及数量一一对应；当一个所述第一分配口与一个所述分配器第一接口接通时，一个所述第二 分配口与一个所述分配器第二接口接通。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，在所述分配器体的内表面各相邻的所述分配器接口之间设置有泄漏槽。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述分配器芯连接有回转驱动装置。
  11. 液压分配器，其特征在于，所述液压分配器包括：
    分配器体，所述分配器体具有分配器体内腔和与所述分配器体内腔相通的若干分配器接口，若干所述分配器接口沿着纵向间隔排列并且均位于不同横截面，若干所述分配器接口在横截面内的投影重合，若干所述分配器接口包括N个分配器第一接口和N个分配器第二接口，其中，N>1；
    分配器芯，所述分配器芯可沿所述分配器体内腔往复直线滑动，所述分配器芯设置有纵向流道和分配口；所述纵向流道的一端具有进液口，所述纵向流道的另一端具有出液口，所述纵向流道包括不相通的纵向流道第一段和纵向流道第二段；所述分配口包括不相通的一个第一分配口和一个第二分配口，所述第一分配口与所述纵向流道第一段相通并且与所述分配器第一接口位置对应，所述第二分配口与所述纵向流道第二段相通并且与所述分配器第二接口位置对应；当所述第一分配口与一个所述分配器第一接口接通时，所述第二分配口与一个所述分配器第二接口接通。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述分配器芯连接有直线驱动装置。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述直线驱动装置包括直线动力装置，所述直线动力装置的输出端连接所述分配器芯。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的液压分配器，其特征在于，所述直线驱动装置还包括用于检测所述分配器芯直线位移的直线传感元件，所述直线传感元件、所述直线动力装置分别与电控单元电连接。
  15. 多路阀，其特征在于，所述多路阀包括：
    一个控制阀，所述控制阀包括两个控制阀工作口；
    一个液压分配器，所述液压分配器是权利要求1至14任一项所述的液压分配器，所述分配器芯的所述进液口与其中一个所述控制阀工作口相连接，所述分配器芯的所述出液口与另一个所述控制阀工作口相连接。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的多路阀，其特征在于，所述控制阀为三位六通阀，或者三位四通阀，或者二位四通阀。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的多路阀，其特征在于，所述控制阀为电磁控制阀；或者，所述控制阀为手动控制阀。
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