WO2022098130A1 - 무선 송수신 장치 및 그의 빔 형성 방법 - Google Patents
무선 송수신 장치 및 그의 빔 형성 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
- H04B7/06952—Selecting one or more beams from a plurality of beams, e.g. beam training, management or sweeping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
- H04B1/0096—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges where a full band is frequency converted into another full band
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- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
- H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
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- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
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- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a radio transceiver and method (RADIO TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION APPARATUS AND BEAM FORMING METHOD THREROF), and more particularly, to a radio transceiver and method having multiple beams intersected by heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pairs.
- a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna module of mobile communication reduces the effect of fading due to multipath and performs a polarization diversity function.
- antenna module array
- Fading refers to a phenomenon in which the intensity of radio waves changes with time
- diversity refers to a method of reducing the effect of fading by synthesizing several received signals with different electric field strength or signal output to noise output ratio to obtain a single signal.
- the beams radiated from the double polarization antenna have a wide beam shape, and the wide beam type beam has a limitation in that it is difficult to transmit a signal to a distant point because a signal to noise ratio (SNR) is lowered by the surrounding environment.
- SNR signal to noise ratio
- this method may have a problem in that an antenna size may be increased because an antenna module for each of the polarized waves to be used must be separately configured.
- the present invention has been devised to solve the above technical problem, and provides an orthogonal polarization pair to each of multiple beams formed in a cell or sector, but a heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pair between adjacent beams rather than the same type of polarization pair
- An object of the present invention is to provide a wireless transceiver device and a beam forming method thereof, which minimize interference between beams to increase antenna efficiency and cell capacity by providing .
- another object of the present invention is to extend coverage by separating fixed beams in one cell or sector to have different directions, and to improve the gain of an antenna by emitting a narrow beam, wireless transmission and reception To provide an apparatus and a method for forming a beam thereof.
- a wireless transceiver apparatus provides an array antenna for transmitting and receiving signals through the multiple beams by forming multiple beams having different directions, and synthesizing an orthogonal polarization pair to form the multiple beams. It characterized in that it comprises a digital unit for generating a multi-beam signal for beam forming, and an RF unit for frequency-converting the multi-beam signal and outputting each to the array antenna.
- the digital unit allocates heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pairs to neighboring beams among the multiple beams, and sets the phases of the orthogonal polarization pairs allocated to each beam differently.
- the multi-beam is characterized in that each beam has different directivity in vertical and horizontal directions.
- the digital unit may include a polarization synthesizing unit for synthesizing orthogonal polarization pairs from heterogeneous polarization signals, a polarization allocator for allocating the orthogonal polarization pairs to each beam, and an orthogonal polarization pair assigned to each beam based on the and a multi-beam forming unit that generates a beam signal for multi-beam forming in the array antenna.
- the polarization synthesizer may convert the polarized wave of the input signal into a first orthogonal polarization pair and a second orthogonal polarization pair.
- the first orthogonal polarization pair is characterized in that it is either a ⁇ 45 degree orthogonal polarization pair or a vertical/horizontal orthogonal polarization pair.
- the second orthogonal polarization pair is characterized in that it is the other one of a ⁇ 45 degree orthogonal polarization pair or a vertical/horizontal orthogonal polarization pair.
- the polarization allocator may allocate the synthesized first orthogonal polarization pair or the second orthogonal polarization pair to each beam.
- the polarization allocator may allocate a first orthogonal polarization pair to a first beam among the respective beams and allocate the second orthogonal polarization pair to a second beam adjacent to the first beam.
- the digital unit may further include a polarization assignment controller that generates a polarization assignment control signal for each beam according to the number of beams and a polarization component of a reference beam and provides the generated polarization assignment control signal to the polarization assignment unit.
- a polarization assignment controller that generates a polarization assignment control signal for each beam according to the number of beams and a polarization component of a reference beam and provides the generated polarization assignment control signal to the polarization assignment unit.
- the digital unit may further include a phase correction unit for correcting a magnitude and a phase of an orthogonal polarization pair allocated to the beam signal.
- the digital unit determines the size and phase correction by comparing the size and phase of the orthogonal polarization pair assigned to the beam signal and the size and phase of the RF chain at the time of polarization synthesis of the RF unit, and sends the correction signal to the phase correction unit. It characterized in that it further comprises a polarization synthesis calibration unit to output.
- the digital unit may include a multi-beam forming unit for generating a beam signal for forming multiple beams in the array antenna, a polarization combining unit for synthesizing heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pairs with the beam signal, and any one synthesized from the beam signal. and a polarization allocator for allocating orthogonal polarization pairs to each beam signal.
- a wireless transceiver for achieving the above object, an array antenna for transmitting and receiving signals through the multiple beams by forming multiple beams having different directions, and an orthogonal polarization pair to an input signal
- a digital unit for synthesizing and assigning any one orthogonal polarization pair to each beam, but assigning heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pairs to neighboring beams, and a polarized signal of the orthogonal polarization pair assigned to each beam and an RF unit for converting and outputting a beam signal to the array antenna by setting the phase of each polarized signal.
- the RF unit is characterized in that it includes a plurality of RF chains for converting the frequency of each polarized signal, and a multi-beam forming unit for generating an analog multi-beam signal by setting the phases of each of the frequency-converted polarized signals differently.
- the multi-beam is characterized in that different orthogonal polarization pairs are allocated to neighboring beams, and phases of orthogonal polarization pairs allocated to each beam are set differently.
- an orthogonal polarization pair is provided to each of multiple beams formed in a cell or a sector, but a heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pair is not a homogeneous polarization pair between adjacent beams. Inter-beam interference can be minimized by giving , thereby increasing antenna efficiency and cell capacity.
- coverage can be extended by separating fixed beams in one cell or sector to have different directions, and the gain of an antenna can be improved by radiating a narrow beam.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a wireless transceiver according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams illustrating an embodiment referenced to explain the operation of the polarization synthesizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 4A, 4B, and 5 are diagrams illustrating an embodiment referenced to describe an operation of a polarization allocator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment referenced to explain the operation of a multi-beam former according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment referenced to describe an operation of a magnitude/phase corrector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 8, 9A, and 9B are diagrams illustrating an embodiment referenced to describe a beam forming operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 10, 11A, and 11B are diagrams illustrating an embodiment referenced to describe a reception operation of a digital unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a wireless transceiver according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- 13 and 14 are diagrams illustrating an embodiment referenced to explain the operation of the digital unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 15 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a wireless transceiver according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- 16A and 16B are diagrams illustrating an embodiment referenced to explain the operational effects of a wireless transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 17 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow of a beamforming method of a wireless transceiver according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow of a beamforming method of a wireless transceiver according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow of a beamforming method of a wireless transceiver according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a wireless transceiver and method, and the wireless transceiver according to the present invention can be applied to a massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system using multiple beams.
- MIMO massive multiple-input and multiple-output
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless transceiver 10 may include an array antenna 100 , an RF unit 200 , and a digital unit 300 .
- the array antenna 100 includes a plurality of antenna modules 110 .
- the array antenna 100 arranges a plurality of antenna modules 110 at a predetermined position according to a predetermined pattern, respectively, and adjusts the phase and size according to the arrangement position of each antenna module 110 to direct the beam in a predetermined direction. radiating antenna.
- the array antenna 100 may form multiple beams according to the beam forming control signal generated by the RF unit 200 or the digital unit 300 .
- Each antenna module 110 may form multiple beams having different directivity in a vertical or horizontal direction within cell coverage. Accordingly, each antenna module 110 may be dynamically configured to perform transmission or reception for a specific beam direction.
- Each antenna module 110 may be composed of two or more radiating elements having different polarization directions.
- the antenna module 110 may be a double polarization antenna module including two radiating elements having orthogonal polarization directions.
- the double polarization antenna module comprises a first radiating element having a polarization direction of +45 degrees and a second radiating element having a polarization direction of -45 degrees orthogonal to (or perpendicular) to the polarization direction of the first radiating element.
- the double polarization antenna module includes a third radiating element having a vertical polarization direction and a fourth radiating element having a horizontal polarization direction orthogonal (or perpendicular) to the polarization direction of the third radiating element. can be configured.
- the antenna module 110 may be a quadruple polarization antenna module (or a quad polarization antenna module) including four radiating elements having orthogonal polarization directions.
- the quadruple polarization antenna module includes a first radiating element having a polarization direction of +45 degrees, a second radiating element having a polarization direction of -45 degrees perpendicular to (or perpendicular) to the polarization direction of the first radiating element, vertical (vertical) ) may be configured to include a third radiating element having a polarization direction and a fourth radiating element having a horizontal (Horizontal) polarization direction perpendicular to (or perpendicular to) the polarization direction of the third radiating element.
- the third radiating element and/or the fourth radiating element may have a polarization direction difference of ⁇ 45 degrees from the first radiating element and/or the second radiating element.
- Beams radiated through the quadruple polarization antenna module may have a narrow beam shape, and among these beams, adjacent beams may have different orthogonal polarization directions.
- 'orthogonal' or 'vertical' may include both a case in which the polarization direction of the radiating elements has an angular difference of exactly 90 degrees and a case where the polarization direction of the radiating elements has an angular difference of 90 ⁇ .
- ⁇ may vary depending on an error in the manufacturing process of the antenna module 110 , the degree of correlation with other antenna modules, the need to adjust the beam forming direction, and the like.
- Radiating elements constituting the antenna module 110 may be disposed in various forms within the constituting region of the antenna module 110 .
- radiating elements constituting the antenna module 110 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other.
- the radiating elements constituting the antenna module 110 may be arranged such that the centers of some or all of the radiating elements cross each other. In this case, the area occupied by the radiating elements in the antenna module 110 is reduced, so that the area efficiency of the entire antenna module can be increased.
- the increase in the area efficiency of the antenna module 110 may lead to improved convenience according to the manufacture, installation, maintenance, etc. of the antenna.
- a beam formed by each antenna module 110 is formed by at least two orthogonal polarization pairs that are orthogonal to each other, and orthogonal polarization pairs of neighboring beams may be formed of orthogonal polarization waves of different types (directions).
- a first beam among the plurality of beams may be formed as a first type orthogonal polarization pair.
- the first type orthogonal polarization pair may be a polarization pair consisting of a +45 degree polarization signal and a -45 degree polarization signal.
- At least one second beam adjacent to the first beam may be formed as a second type orthogonal polarization pair.
- the second type orthogonal polarization pair may be a polarization pair including a vertical polarization signal and a horizontal polarization signal.
- the present invention in forming a multi-beam, by applying different types (heterogeneous) orthogonal polarization pairs to neighboring beams, correlation between neighboring beams is reduced, thereby improving communication quality.
- different types of orthogonal polarization pairs may be applied to neighboring beams not only in the horizontal direction but also in the beams neighboring in the vertical direction.
- the orthogonality of the radio channel is improved by applying the orthogonal polarization pair, the channel capacity of the radio transmission/reception system may be increased.
- antenna modules forming a beam within the same sector form one beam for each module, and each beam has the same polarization or one polarization component.
- a method of forming can be considered.
- each antenna module forming a beam within the same sector transmits a pair of orthogonal polarized signals (eg, ⁇ 45 degrees orthogonal polarization) for each module. signal) to form a pair of beams. That is, one antenna module generates two beams for two polarized signals (eg, a 45 degree orthogonal polarization signal), one of the two beams is a +45 degree polarized signal, and the other is a -45 degree polarized signal. signal is assigned.
- the pair of polarized signals are set to have different phases as described above, the beams are spatially separated, so that interference between the beams is minimized.
- the antenna module adjacent to the antenna module forming a pair of beams having the pair of ⁇ 45 degrees orthogonally polarized signals is another pair of polarized signals (V/ Since a pair of beams having an H orthogonal polarization signal) is formed, interference between beams of neighboring antenna modules can also be minimized.
- a beam having a pair of 45 degree orthogonal polarization signals and a beam having another pair of same type beams having a 45 degree orthogonal polarization signal can be spatially completely separated, so that beams having homopolarization Interference is also minimized.
- the RF unit 200 may include a plurality of RF chains 210 .
- the RF chain 210 may include a filter, a power amplifier (PA), a low noise amplifier (LNA), and an RFIC.
- the RFIC may include a digital to analog converter (DAC)/analog to digital converter (ADC), a mixer, and the like.
- the RF chain 210 modulates a signal into a signal suitable for transmission using a radio frequency antenna or converts a signal received through the array antenna 100 into a signal suitable for sampling and baseband processing.
- the RF unit 200 may include an analog multi-beam former. If the RF unit 200 includes an analog multi-beam former, the multi-beam former of the digital unit 300 may be omitted. For a detailed description thereof, reference will be made to the embodiment of FIG. 15, which will be described later.
- the multi-beam forming of the present invention basically uses a digital beam forming technique.
- analog beam forming an analog signal on which digital signal processing has been completed is divided into multiple paths, and a beam is formed by setting a phase shift (PS) and power amplifier (PA) in each path.
- PS phase shift
- PA power amplifier
- a manner of forming it consists of a transmit and receive system structure consisting of a plurality of phase shifters and signal attenuators together with one RF chain.
- Analog beamforming is a method of forming the direction and shape of a beam by changing the phase shift and the phase and amplitude values of the signal attenuator connected to each antenna, respectively.
- This analog beamforming technique is weak in terms of system performance and economic feasibility due to the limited resolution characteristics of phase shift and expensive component price, and is structurally incompatible with the spatial multiplexing transmission technique for high capacity.
- digital beamforming is a technique of forming a beam at a digital stage using baseband processing of a base station in order to maximize diversity and multiplexing gain.
- an RF chain is connected for each individual antenna, and RF circuits such as phase shift or signal attenuator are not used. Instead of changing it, the phase and amplitude of the signal are changed through digital signal processing in the baseband.
- the multi-beam forming of the present invention is characterized in that digital beam forming is implemented in a radio unit (RU) rather than a digital unit (DU) of the antenna system, and a detailed description thereof will be described later. do it with
- the array antenna 100 may be implemented in a form included in the RF unit 200 .
- the digital unit 300 includes an interface unit 310 , a polarization synthesis unit 320 , 360 , a polarization assignment unit 330 , 370 , a multi-beam forming unit 340 , a magnitude/phase correction unit 350 , and a polarization assignment control unit. 380 , and a polarization synthesis calibration unit 390 may be included.
- the digital unit 300 may be a digital front end (DFE) of a radio unit (RU) or may be implemented in the form of some unit included therein.
- DFE digital front end
- the wireless transceiver 100 In contrast to conventional digital beamforming, all operations related to beamforming are performed in the digital device (DU) of the antenna system, the wireless transceiver 100 according to the present invention not only performs beamforming in the digital device of the antenna system, but also, It is characterized in that operations such as polarization synthesis and allocation are performed in a radio unit (RU).
- RU radio unit
- the radio unit cannot distinguish users, it does not form a different beam for each user, but forms the same beam for all users in a sector.
- the digital unit 300 may be configured to have different positions of the multi-beam forming unit 340 as shown in [Embodiment 1] of FIG. 1 or [Embodiment 2] of FIG. 12 .
- the interface unit 310 serves to receive a signal from a device connected to the wireless transceiver 10 or output (transmit) a signal to the device.
- the interface unit 310 may be a fronthaul interface that connects the wireless transceiver 10 to a digital unit (DU) of the base station.
- the fronthaul interface may correspond to Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), enhanced CPRI (eCPRI), or the like.
- CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
- eCPRI enhanced CPRI
- the polarization synthesizer 320 and the polarization allocator 330 may arrange a unit for processing a transmission signal and a unit for processing a reception signal, respectively. In this case, the arrangement position and order of the transmission signal processing unit and the hand signal processing unit may be different.
- the beamforming operation will be described based on the operation of processing the transmission signal.
- the polarization synthesis unit 320 performs polarization synthesis by extracting four orthogonal polarization components based on the input signal.
- the polarization synthesizer 320 may synthesize the orthogonal polarization pair and apply the synthesized orthogonal polarization pair to the polarization allocator 330 .
- each antenna module 110 of the array antenna 100 is a double polarization antenna module.
- the polarization synthesizer 320 when two signals, that is, a first input signal and a second input signal are input, the polarization synthesizer 320 generates first and second polarized waves orthogonal to the first and second input signals. ingredients can be extracted.
- the polarization synthesizer 320 may extract third and fourth polarization components that are orthogonal to each other by converting the first and second polarization components.
- the polarization synthesizer 320 may extract four polarization components based on the input signal using the matrix of Equation 1 below.
- a and b represent the first and second polarization components
- Wow denotes the third and fourth polarization components, respectively.
- first and second polarization components may form one orthogonal first polarization pair.
- first and second polarization components may be any one of a ⁇ 45 degree polarization component or a vertical/horizontal polarization component.
- the third and fourth polarization components may form another orthogonal second polarization pair.
- the third and fourth polarization components may be the other one of a ⁇ 45 degree polarization component or a vertical/horizontal polarization component.
- the polarization synthesis unit 320 extracts four polarization components based on the input signal using the matrix of Equation 1 above, and through this, different types of polarization pairs intersect multiple beams. can be formed
- a fixed beam in one cell (or sector) is divided into a plurality of beams having different phases using a matrix, and an orthogonal polarization pair is applied to each divided beam.
- Multiple beams can be formed in such a way that each of the polarization components of
- the polarization component of the input signal may be determined according to the characteristics of the array antenna 100 .
- each antenna module 110 of the array antenna 100 is a ⁇ 45 degree polarization antenna module
- the first and second polarization components are ⁇ 45 degree polarization components
- the third and fourth polarization components are vertical/ It can be a vertical/horizontal polarization component.
- FIG. 3 For an embodiment thereof, refer to FIG. 3 .
- the polarization components a and b of the first input signal and the second input signal are determined according to the characteristics of the array antenna 100 . Accordingly, when the polarization components a and b are determined, the polarization synthesis unit 320 extracts the first and second polarization components a and b.
- the polarization synthesis unit 320 uses the matrix of [Equation 1] to calculate the polarization components a and b to extract the third polarization component, and the polarization components a and b to extract the fourth polarization component.
- the first polarization component is +45 degree polarized
- the second polarized component is -45 degree polarized
- the third polarized component is vertically polarized
- the fourth polarized component is horizontally polarized. It is not limited.
- the polarization synthesis unit 320 synthesizes the polarization components of the orthogonal polarization pair using the extracted first to fourth polarization components, and outputs the synthesized signal of the orthogonal polarization pair to the polarization allocator 330 .
- the polarization allocator 330 is an orthogonal polarization pair synthesized by the polarization combining unit 320, that is, any one orthogonal for beam forming among a ⁇ 45 degree orthogonal polarization pair and a vertical/horizontal (V/H) orthogonal polarization pair. Select polarization pairs and assign each to multiple beams. In this case, the physical polarization synthesis of the orthogonal polarization pair allocated to the multi-beam is performed at the array antenna 100 stage.
- the polarization allocator 330 may allocate orthogonal polarization pairs applied to each beam based on the number of beams formed by the array antenna 100 , the polarization of a reference beam, and the like.
- the polarization allocator 330 may directly receive the number of beams and polarization information of the reference beam.
- the polarization allocation unit 330 may allocate an orthogonal polarization pair applied to each beam according to the received polarization allocation control signal.
- the polarization allocator 330 allocates any one orthogonal polarization pair to a reference beam among multiple beams, and cross-allocates different types of orthogonal polarization pairs to neighboring beams based on the orthogonal polarization pair of the reference beam.
- the polarization allocator 330 allocates the first orthogonal polarization pair of the first and second polarization components to the first beam serving as a reference, and the third and fourth polarizations to the second beam adjacent to the first beam.
- a second orthogonal polarization pair of components may be assigned.
- the polarization allocator 330 may intersect and allocate the first orthogonal polarization pair to the third beam adjacent to the second beam.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B For a detailed description of an operation of allocating an orthogonal polarization pair to each beam by the polarization allocator 330, refer to FIGS. 4A and 4B.
- the polarization allocator 330 is a ⁇ 45 composed of four polarization components of +45 degrees, -45 degrees, V, and H extracted based on the input signals S 1 and S 2 .
- An orthogonal polarization pair or a V/H orthogonal polarization pair may be allocated to multiple beams, respectively.
- S 1 is a +45 polarization signal
- S 2 is a -45 degree polarization signal.
- the polarization allocator 330 may allocate a ⁇ 45 degree orthogonal polarization pair to any one of the multiple beams as shown in FIG. 4A .
- the array antenna 100 may form the first beam using the +45 degree polarization signal and the -45 degree polarization signal.
- the polarization allocator 330 may allocate a V/H orthogonal polarization pair to at least one or more second beams adjacent to the first beam.
- the array antenna 100 may form a second beam using a vertical (V) polarized signal and a horizontal (H) polarized signal.
- the polarization allocator 330 may allocate a 45 degree orthogonal polarization pair to at least one or more beams adjacent to the second beam.
- the polarization allocator 330 may cross-assign a 45 degree orthogonal polarization pair or a V/H orthogonal polarization pair to multiple beams.
- the array antenna 100 forms a multi-beam, since neighboring beams have heterogeneous, that is, different types of polarization components, the correlation between neighboring beams is lowered, thereby improving signal transmission/reception efficiency. can bring
- the polarization combining unit 320 and the polarization allocating unit 330 are configured as a single piece, but as shown in FIG. 5 , the polarization combining unit 320 and the polarization allocating unit 330 may be configured in plurality. may be
- the polarization allocation control unit 380 may control the operation of the plurality of polarization allocation units 330 .
- the polarization allocation control unit 380 may generate a polarization allocation control signal corresponding to each beam in response to the input number of beams.
- the polarization allocation control signal may include information on a target beam to which an orthogonal polarization pair is to be allocated, and information on an orthogonal polarization pair allocated to the target beam.
- the polarization allocation control unit 380 may transmit a polarization allocation control signal generated corresponding to each beam to the plurality of polarization allocation units 330 , respectively.
- the polarization assignment controller 380 may determine a polarization assignment unit 330 corresponding to each beam to be formed, and transmit a polarization assignment control signal to each polarization assignment unit 330 .
- each polarization allocation unit 330 may allocate an orthogonal polarization pair to the target beam based on the polarization allocation control signal received from the polarization allocation control unit 380 .
- the polarization allocator 330 may output information on the orthogonal polarization pair allocated to each beam to the multi-beam former 340 .
- the multi-beam forming unit 340 divides a fixed beam in a cell (or sector) into a plurality of beams having different phases by using a matrix, and provides a polarization component of an orthogonal polarization pair to each of the divided beams. .
- the multi-beam former 340 uses information on the orthogonal polarization pair allocated to each beam to multi-beam.
- Each beam signal is generated for
- the multi-beam former 340 may set the phase of each beam signal differently.
- the respective beam signals have different phases, beams having different directions may be formed when forming the beam by the array antenna 100 .
- the multi-beam forming unit 340 outputs each of the generated beam signals to each antenna module 110 of the array antenna 100 through the RF chain 210 of the RF unit 200 .
- each beam signal may include a signal of an orthogonal polarization pair allocated to a target beam.
- the multi-beam former 340 may generate a beam signal corresponding to a polarization signal for the orthogonal polarization pair allocated to each beam.
- the multi-beam former 340 is input signals S 1 , S 2 , ... , S M may be multiplied by a weight vector to generate each beam signal.
- the direction and shape of each beam signal may vary according to a weight vector value multiplied by the input signal.
- Each beam signal generated by the multi-beam forming unit 340 may be output through each antenna module 110 of the array antenna 100 through the RF unit 200 .
- each of the RF chains 211 to 219 of the RF unit 200 performs frequency conversion of the input beam signal, that is, the polarized signal allocated to the beam, and then transmits it through the corresponding antenna module 110 .
- the digital unit 300 determines the magnitude and phase of the beam signal by the magnitude/phase correction unit 350 and the polarization synthesis calibration unit 390 . correct the
- the polarization components synthesized by the polarization combining unit 320 are substantially polarized on the array antenna 100 side. At this time, if the amplitude and phase at the time of polarization synthesis are not the same as the amplitude and phase of the RF chain 210, the direction of the polarization is changed so that the magnitude and phase are the same. A correction process is required.
- the polarization synthesis calibration unit 390 generates a correction signal by comparing the magnitude and phase of the orthogonal polarization pair assigned to the beam and the signal magnitude and phase of the RF chain 210 during polarization synthesis, and generates a correction signal. may be transmitted to the magnitude/phase corrector 350 .
- the magnitude/phase correction unit 350 corrects the polarization magnitude and phase of the beam signal based on the correction signal transmitted from the polarization synthesis calibrator 390 . At this time, the magnitude/phase correction unit 350 corrects the polarization magnitude and phase of the polarization synthesized beam signal to be the same as the signal magnitude and phase of the RF chain 210 .
- the polarization synthesis calibration unit 390 generates a correction signal only for the signal for which the polarization synthesis occurs and transmits it to the magnitude/phase correction unit 350, in which case the magnitude/phase correction unit 350 operates only with respect to the beam signal to be corrected. Correct the polarization magnitude and phase.
- the magnitude/phase corrector 350 may correct the magnitude and phase of the polarization signal only when V/H polarization synthesis is performed.
- the magnitude/phase corrector 350 may be implemented as many as the number of RF chains 210 , correct the polarization magnitude and phase of the beam signal, and output the corrected beam signal to the corresponding RF chain 210 . .
- the plurality of RF chains 211 to 219 correspond to the plurality of antenna modules 111 to 119, respectively, and the size/phase correction units 351 to 359 are the plurality of RF chains 2111 to 219) and may be connected to correspond to a plurality of RF chains 2111 to 219, respectively.
- the first magnitude/phase corrector 351 corrects the magnitude and phase of the polarization synthesized beam signal to be the same as the magnitude and phase of the first RF chain 211 , and applies the corrected beam signal to the first RF chain. It may be output to the first antenna module 111 through 211 .
- the first antenna module forms a beam corresponding to the corrected magnitude and phase.
- the magnitude/phase corrector 350 may ensure channel reversibility by correcting the magnitude and phase change of a signal generated during polarization synthesis, and may form a beam in an accurate direction in the array antenna. Accordingly, each antenna module 110 forms a multi-beam according to each input beam signal.
- each beam formed by each antenna module 110 not only has different directions, but also has heterogeneous polarization characteristics between neighboring beams.
- the first antenna module receiving the beam signal for the input signals S 1 and S 2 outputs a ⁇ 45 degree orthogonal polarization signal.
- the beam A is formed in the array antenna 100 in the first direction by the outputted 45 degree orthogonal polarization signal.
- the second antenna module receiving the beam signal for the input signals S 3 and S 4 outputs a V/H orthogonal polarization signal of a different type from the neighboring beam A.
- a beam B is formed in the array antenna 100 in the second direction by the output V/H orthogonal polarization signal.
- the third antenna module receiving the beam signals for the input signals S 5 and S 6 outputs a 45 degree orthogonal polarization signal of a different type from the neighboring beam B.
- a beam C is formed in the array antenna 100 in the third direction by the outputted 45 degree orthogonal polarization signal.
- the fourth antenna module receiving the beam signal for the input signals S 7 and S 8 outputs a V/H orthogonal polarization signal of a different type from that of the neighboring beam C.
- a beam D is formed in the array antenna 100 in the fourth direction by the output V/H orthogonal polarization signal.
- the multi-beam formed by the array antenna 100 is formed such that each beam faces in different directions, and adjacent beams are formed of heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pairs.
- the multiple beams formed by the array antenna 100 not only have different directions and orthogonal polarization pairs between beams adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 9A, but also have different directions and orthogonal polarization pairs, as shown in FIG. For each beam of , the direction and orthogonal polarization pair are different between neighboring beams.
- the multiple beams formed through the array antenna 100 are separated in space according to a set phase and radiated in the form of a plurality of beams.
- each beam is radiated in a state in which it has a polarization direction of the radiated radiation element, two beams adjacent to each other in space may have different polarizations.
- the polarization between adjacent beams is different, so that the correlation problem between signals can be solved.
- the beam forming process has been mainly described with respect to the configuration and operation in the case of transmitting a signal.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B An embodiment of the detailed operation of the polarization combining units 361 to 369 and the polarization allocating units 371 to 379 when receiving a signal will be described with reference to FIGS. 11A and 11B .
- the polarization synthesis units 361 to 369 have four polarization components based on ⁇ 45, which is the polarization component of the reception beam, that is, Extract +45 degrees, -45 degrees, V, H.
- the polarization synthesis units 361 to 369 extract the first polarization component a and the second polarization component b based on the polarization component of the reception beam.
- the polarization synthesis units 361 to 369 combine the polarization components a and b using the matrix of [Equation 1]. to extract the third polarization component, and the polarization components a and b to extract the fourth polarization component.
- the first polarization component (a) is +45 degree polarized
- the second polarization component (b) is -45 degree polarized
- the third polarization component ( ) is the vertical polarization
- the polarization allocator 371 to 379 allocates a 45 degree orthogonal polarization pair or a V/H orthogonal polarization pair consisting of four polarization components extracted based on the polarization component of the reception beam to the output signal, respectively.
- the polarization allocator 371 may allocate a 45 degree orthogonal polarization pair to the first signal converted into a digital signal corresponding to the reception beam.
- the polarization allocator 379 may allocate a V/H orthogonal polarization pair to the second signal as shown in FIG. 11B .
- the multi-beam forming unit 340 is disposed between the polarization combining unit 320 / allocating unit 330 and the magnitude/phase correcting unit 350 , but according to the embodiment, the multi-beam forming unit 340 is described.
- the arrangement position of the part 340 may vary.
- the multi-beam forming unit may be disposed between the interface and the polarization combining unit/polarization allocating unit.
- input signals S 1 , S 2 , ... , SM may generate a multi-beam signal having different phases, and output the generated multi-beam signal to the polarization synthesizer.
- the polarization synthesizing unit synthesizes polarization components of an orthogonal polarization pair for each beam signal generated by the multi-beam forming unit, and the polarization allocator selects any one orthogonal polarization pair from among heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pairs. can be assigned to a beam signal of
- the operation is performed according to the reverse order of the case of transmitting the signal, but the positions of the polarization combining unit and the polarization allocating unit may be changed as shown in FIG. 14 .
- the polarization synthesizing unit and the polarization allocating unit in the case of receiving a signal can be described with the operations of FIGS. 11A and 11B . Therefore, a redundant description thereof will be omitted.
- the multi-beam-former may be disposed in the analog terminal as shown in FIG. 15 .
- the multi-beam forming unit 400 may be disposed between the RF chain of the RF unit 200 and the array antenna 100 .
- the multi-beam former 400 in this embodiment may generate beam signals in different directions having directivity through analog beamforming. Specifically, the multi-beam former 400 may generate beam signals in different directions by adjusting the phase of the analog signal on which digital signal processing has been completed to correspond to each of the array antennas 100 . As described above, as the phase of each beam signal is adjusted, the phase between the reference antenna and the array antenna 100 is adjusted.
- the multi-beam former 400 may be implemented in the form of a phase setting module that shifts the phase of the signal output by the RF chain and outputs it to the array antenna 100 .
- the phase setting module may set different phases between transmission signals or reception signals so that beams radiated through the antenna module are separated in space.
- the phase setting module may be implemented using a phase shifter or the like.
- analog beamforming uses a weight vector having a predetermined direction of a beam, there is no need for a separate algorithm for calculating the weight vector, so it is easy to implement.
- the wireless transceiver 10 uses heterogeneous polarization rather than homogeneous polarization between adjacent beams among multiple beams formed in a cell or sector, thereby increasing the correlation between adjacent beams. can be reduced to maximize antenna efficiency.
- heterogeneous polarization pairs such as ⁇ 45 degree orthogonal polarization and V/H orthogonal polarization are allocated to the beam, but any kind of polarization orthogonal to each other such as left circular polarization/right circular polarization is heterogeneous polarization can be used as
- 16A and 16B are diagrams illustrating an embodiment referenced to explain the operational effects of a wireless transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a wireless transceiver provides an orthogonal polarization pair to each of multiple beams formed in a cell or a sector, but provides a heterogeneous orthogonal polarization pair between adjacent beams rather than the same type of polarization pair. . For this reason, the wireless transceiver according to the present invention can reduce the correlation between adjacent beams with respect to multiple beams formed by the array antenna.
- FIG. 16A is a graph illustrating a change in ergodic capacity according to a location of a user terminal (UE) in a MIMO system having an array antenna having a 4X4 structure.
- the ergodic capacity indicates the cell (or sector) capacity of the antenna system, and means that the performance of the antenna increases as the cell (or sector) capacity increases.
- reference numeral 1610 is a graph showing the change in ergodic capacity of a system using a conventional sector antenna
- reference numeral 1620 is a graph showing the change in ergodic capacity of a system in which a beam is divided into two directions using a sector antenna.
- 1630 is a graph showing the change in ergodic capacity of a system using the antenna of the wireless transceiver according to the present invention.
- the simulation result for the ergodic capacity change of FIG. 16A is a wireless unit including an array antenna having four transmit (Tx) antennas and four receive (Rx) antennas with a carrier frequency of 3.5 GHz.
- Tx transmit
- Rx receive
- the tilt angle of the RU is adjusted in a range of about 10 degrees
- the location of the user terminal (UE) is -60 degrees at a distance of about 160m from the RU. It is calculated based on the data measured under the conditions arranged at intervals of 10 degrees between 60 degrees.
- the ergodic capacitance 1610 in a system using a conventional sector antenna varies within a range of about 8 bps/Hz to 11 bps/Hz, and one sector is divided into two beams (homogeneous polarization).
- the ergodic capacity of the system 1620 divided by ? varies within a range of about 8 bps/Hz to 12 bps/Hz.
- the ergodic capacity 1630 of the wireless transceiver according to the present invention varies within the range of about 9 bps/Hz to 16 bps/Hz.
- the change in the ergodic capacity of the wireless transceiver according to the present invention is increased compared to a system in which a beam is divided into two directions using a conventional sector antenna or a sector antenna.
- FIG. 16B shows a comparison of average and maximum doses for ergodic doses in the graph of FIG. 16A .
- the average capacity for the ergodic capacity is about 10 bps/Hz and the maximum capacity is about 11 bps/Hz.
- the average capacity for ergodic capacity in a system in which one sector is divided into two beams is about 11 bps/Hz and the maximum capacity is about 12 bps/Hz.
- the average capacity of the ergodic capacity of the radio transceiver according to the present invention is about 13 bps/Hz, and the maximum capacity is about 16 bps/Hz, and the average capacity and the maximum capacity of the radio transceiver according to the present invention are sector antennas. It can be seen that the average capacity and the maximum capacity of the system to which it is applied increased by about 30%.
- the wireless transceiver according to the present invention has the effect of increasing antenna performance and cell (or sector) capacity as much as the ergodic capacity increases compared to the prior art.
- digital beamforming is processed by the digital unit (DU) of the antenna system, and in this case, beamforming, polarization synthesis, and assignment of each signal going to all antennas through digital signal processing in the baseband are individually performed. Controlled.
- the load of the digital device DU and the capacity of the front hall increase.
- beamforming is performed by multiplying an input signal by a weight vector.
- the load of the digital device DU increases due to digital beamforming.
- an increase in the load of the digital device DU or an increase in the capacity of the front hall requires improvement from the viewpoint of the 5G communication system.
- the wireless transceiver 100 performs operations such as polarization synthesis and allocation as well as beamforming performed by the digital unit (DU) of the antenna system in the radio unit (RU). .
- the wireless transceiver 100 by distributing the processing operation in the digital device (DU) to the radio unit (RU), the load of the digital device (DU) can be reduced and the capacity of the front hall can be reduced.
- 17 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow of a beamforming method of a wireless transceiver according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless transceiver 10 includes a multi-beam forming unit between the polarization allocator 330 and the magnitude/phase corrector 350 in the digital unit 300 as shown in FIG. 1 . It is an arranged structure.
- the polarization synthesizing unit 320 of the wireless transceiver 10 synthesizes an orthogonal polarization pair with the stream for the input signal (S110).
- the wireless transceiver 10 may synthesize two orthogonal polarization signals into one orthogonal polarization pair.
- the wireless transceiver 10 extracts four polarization components, that is, a ⁇ 45 degree polarization component and a vertical/horizontal polarization component, using a predefined matrix based on the input signal, and extracts Among the polarized components, the orthogonal ⁇ 45 degree polarization component is synthesized as one orthogonal polarization pair, and the V/H polarization component is synthesized with the other orthogonal polarization pair.
- the polarization allocator 330 of the wireless transceiver 10 allocates the two orthogonal polarization pairs synthesized in the process 'S110' to the multi-beams, respectively (S120). In this case, the polarization allocator 330 allocates one orthogonal polarization pair to the reference beam according to the number of beams and the polarization component of the reference beam, and allocates another orthogonal polarization pair to beams adjacent to the reference beam.
- the polarization synthesizer 320 of the wireless transceiver 10 generates a multi-beam signal based on signals of an orthogonal polarization pair allocated to each beam in step 'S120' (S130).
- the multi-beams generated in the process 'S130' may be generated so that each beam has a different phase.
- the RF unit 200 of the wireless transceiver 10 frequency-converts each beam signal through a plurality of RF chains 210 ( S140), beams having different directions are formed through each antenna module 110 of the array antenna 100 (S150).
- the wireless transceiver 10 transmits/receives a signal through the beam formed through the above processes. At this time, since the respective beams not only have different directivity, but also have different polarization components between neighboring beams, the correlation between the neighboring beams is lowered, so that the signal transmission/reception efficiency of the array antenna 100 can be increased.
- the magnitude and phase of the multi-beam signal generated in the process 'S130' before the process 'S140' are RF
- a correction operation may be additionally performed according to the signal magnitude and phase of the chain 210 .
- the beam can be formed in the correct direction by preventing the direction of the polarized wave from being changed during polarization synthesis.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a beamforming method of a wireless transceiver according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- a multi-beam forming unit is provided between the interface in the digital unit 300 and the polarization synthesizer 320/polarization allocator 330 . It is an arranged structure.
- the multi-beam forming unit of the wireless transceiver 10 generates a multi-beam signal corresponding to the input signal (S210).
- the multi-beam former may set the phase of each beam signal differently.
- the polarization synthesizing unit 320 of the wireless transceiver 10 synthesizes an orthogonal polarization pair with the multi-beam signal generated in the process 'S210' (S220).
- the wireless transceiver 10 may synthesize two orthogonal polarization signals into one orthogonal polarization pair.
- the wireless transceiver 10 extracts four polarization components, that is, a ⁇ 45 degree polarization component and a vertical/horizontal polarization component, using a predefined matrix based on the input signal, and extracts Among the polarized components, the orthogonal ⁇ 45 degree polarization component is synthesized as one orthogonal polarization pair, and the V/H polarization component is synthesized with the other orthogonal polarization pair.
- the polarization allocator 330 of the wireless transceiver 10 allocates the two orthogonal polarization pairs synthesized in the process 'S220' to the multi-beam signal, respectively (S230). In this case, the polarization allocator 330 allocates any one orthogonal polarization pair to the reference beam signal according to the number of beams and the polarization component of the reference beam, and the other orthogonal polarization pair to the beam signals adjacent to the reference beam signal. to allocate
- the RF unit 200 of the wireless transceiver device 10 frequency-converts each beam signal through a plurality of RF chains 210 (S240), and through each antenna module 110 of the array antenna 100 Beams having different directions are formed (S250).
- the wireless transceiver 10 transmits/receives a signal through the beam formed through the above processes. At this time, since the respective beams not only have different directivity, but also have different polarization components between neighboring beams, the correlation between the neighboring beams is lowered, so that the signal transmission/reception efficiency of the array antenna 100 can be increased.
- the magnitude and phase of the multi-beam signal 'before the process 'S240' are measured in the RF chain 210 signal.
- An operation of correcting according to magnitude and phase may be additionally performed.
- the beam can be formed in the correct direction by preventing the direction of the polarized wave from being changed during polarization synthesis.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a beam forming method of a wireless transceiver according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless transceiver 10 has a structure in which a multi-beam forming unit is disposed at the analog end of the RF unit 200 as shown in FIG. 15 .
- the polarization synthesizing unit 320 of the wireless transceiver 10 synthesizes an orthogonal polarization pair in the stream for the input signal (S310).
- the wireless transceiver 10 may synthesize two orthogonal polarization signals into one orthogonal polarization pair.
- the wireless transceiver 10 extracts four polarization components, that is, a ⁇ 45 degree polarization component and a vertical/horizontal polarization component, using a predefined matrix based on the input signal, and extracts Among the polarized components, the orthogonal ⁇ 45 degree polarization component is synthesized as one orthogonal polarization pair, and the V/H polarization component is synthesized with the other orthogonal polarization pair.
- the polarization allocator 330 of the wireless transceiver 10 allocates the two orthogonal polarization pairs synthesized in the process 'S310' to the multi-beams, respectively (S320). In this case, the polarization allocator 330 allocates one orthogonal polarization pair to the reference beam according to the number of beams and the polarization component of the reference beam, and allocates another orthogonal polarization pair to beams adjacent to the reference beam.
- the RF unit 200 of the wireless transceiver 10 frequency-converts a polarized signal for each beam to which an orthogonal polarization pair is allocated through a plurality of RF chains 210 ( S330 ).
- the multi-beam forming unit of the wireless transceiver 10 generates an analog multi-beam signal by differently setting the phases of the orthogonally polarized pair signals frequency-converted in the process 'S330' (S340), and the array antenna 100 Beams having different directions are formed through each of the antenna modules 110 ( S350 ).
- the wireless transceiver 10 transmits/receives a signal through the beam formed through the above processes. At this time, since the respective beams not only have different directivity, but also have different polarization components between neighboring beams, the correlation between the neighboring beams is lowered, so that the signal transmission/reception efficiency of the array antenna 100 can be increased.
- the magnitude and phase of the polarized signal before the process 'S330' are determined by the signal magnitude and the phase of the RF chain 210
- An operation of correcting according to the phase may be additionally performed.
- the beam can be formed in the correct direction by preventing the direction of the polarized wave from being changed during polarization synthesis.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 서로 다른 방향성을 갖는 다중 빔을 형성하여 상기 다중 빔을 통해 신호를 송수신하는 배열 안테나;직교 편파 쌍을 합성하여 상기 다중 빔 형성을 위한 다중 빔 신호를 생성하는 디지털부; 및상기 다중 빔 신호를 주파수 변환하여 상기 배열 안테나로 각각 출력하는 RF부를 포함하고,상기 디지털부는,상기 다중 빔 중 서로 이웃한 빔들에 이종의 직교 편파 쌍을 할당하고, 각각의 빔에 할당된 직교 편파 쌍의 위상을 각각 다르게 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 다중 빔은, 각각의 빔이 수직 및 수평 방향으로 다른 방향성을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 디지털부는,이종의 편파 신호들로부터 직교 편파 쌍을 합성하는 편파 합성부; 및상기 직교 편파 쌍을 각각의 빔에 할당하는 편파 할당부; 및상기 각각의 빔에 할당된 직교 편파 쌍에 기초하여 상기 배열 안테나에서의 다중 빔 형성을 위한 빔 신호를 생성하는 다중 빔 형성부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 3에 있어서,상기 편파 합성부는,입력 신호의 편파를 제1 직교 편파 쌍 및 제2 직교 편파 쌍으로 변환하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 제1 직교 편파 쌍은,±45도 직교 편파 쌍 또는 수직/수평(vertical/horizontal) 직교 편파 쌍 중 어느 하나인 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 제2 직교 편파 쌍은,±45도 직교 편파 쌍 또는 수직/수평(vertical/horizontal) 직교 편파 쌍 중 다른 하나인 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 편파 할당부는,각각의 빔에 상기 합성된 제1 직교 편파 쌍 또는 제2 직교 편파 쌍을 할당하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,상기 편파 할당부는,각각의 빔들 중 제1 빔에 제1 직교 편파 쌍을 할당하고, 상기 제1 빔에 이웃한 제2 빔에 상기 제2 직교 편파 쌍을 할당하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 3에 있어서,상기 디지털부는,빔의 개수 및 기준 빔의 편파 성분에 따라 각각의 빔에 대한 편파 할당 제어 신호를 생성하여 상기 편파 할당부로 제공하는 편파 할당 제어부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 3에 있어서,상기 디지털부는,상기 빔 신호에 할당된 직교 편파 쌍의 크기 및 위상을 보정하는 크기/위상 보정부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 10에 있어서,상기 디지털부는,상기 빔 신호에 할당된 직교 편파 쌍의 편파 합성 시의 크기 및 위상과 상기 RF부의 RF 체인의 크기 및 위상을 비교하여 크기 및 위상의 보정을 결정하고 상기 크기/위상 보정부로 보정 신호를 출력하는 편파 합성 캘리브레이션부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 디지털부는,상기 배열 안테나에서의 다중 빔 형성을 위한 빔 신호를 생성하는 다중 빔 형성부;상기 빔 신호에 이종의 직교 편파 쌍을 합성하는 편파 합성부; 및상기 빔 신호에 합성된 어느 하나의 직교 편파 쌍들을 각각의 빔 신호에 할당하는 편파 할당부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 서로 다른 방향성을 갖는 다중 빔을 형성하여 상기 다중 빔을 통해 신호를 송수신하는 배열 안테나;입력 신호에 직교 편파 쌍을 합성하고, 각각의 빔에 어느 하나의 직교 편파 쌍을 할당하되, 서로 이웃한 빔들에 이종의 직교 편파 쌍을 할당하는 디지털부; 및상기 각각의 빔에 할당된 직교 편파 쌍의 편파 신호를 주파수 변환하고, 각 편파 신호의 위상을 설정하여 상기 배열 안테나로 빔 신호를 출력하는 RF부를 포함하고,상기 RF부는,각각의 편파 신호의 주파수를 변환하는 복수의 RF 체인, 및 상기 주파수 변환된 각 편파 신호의 위상을 다르게 설정하여 아날로그 다중 빔 신호를 생성하는 다중 빔 형성부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치.
- 직교 편파 쌍을 합성하여 상기 다중 빔 형성을 위한 다중 빔 신호를 생성하는 단계;RF 체인을 통해 상기 다중 빔 신호를 주파수 변환하여 배열 안테나로 각각 출력하는 단계;상기 배열 안테나에서 상기 다중 빔 신호로부터 서로 다른 방향성을 갖는 다중 빔을 형성하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 다중 빔은,서로 이웃한 빔들에 이종의 직교 편파 쌍이 할당되고, 각각의 빔에 할당된 직교 편파 쌍의 위상이 각각 다르게 설정된 것을 특징으로 하는 무선 송수신 장치의 빔 형성 방법.
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