WO2022094844A1

WO2022094844A1 - Solar panel support device capable of adaptive angle adjustment based on spring

Info

Publication number: WO2022094844A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/126708
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孙优生; 徐光磊; 李威; 顾荣伟; 吴丹丹; 王泽宇; 皇甫英杰
Original assignee: 南京森淼环保科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-11-05
Filing date: 2020-11-05
Publication date: 2022-05-12

Abstract

A solar panel support device capable of adaptive angle adjustment based on a spring, comprising a photovoltaic assembly (1). The front end of the photovoltaic assembly is supported by means of a support, and the photovoltaic assembly is rotatably connected to the support; the rear end of the photovoltaic assembly is supported by means of a connection rod (7), the top end of the connection rod and the photovoltaic assembly are slidably connected to each other, the middle section of the connection rod is fixed on the support, and the lower end of the connection rod is connected to a damping device; the damping device is fixed on a fixing plate (10) by means of a damping rotating support (13), and the fixing plate is fixed on the support; by means of the sliding connection point between the top end of the connection rod and the photovoltaic assembly and the damping device connected to the bottom end of the connection rod, the connection rod rotates by taking the fixing point of the middle section of the connection rod on the support as a pivot point. The device has a simple structure and high reliability. Under the action of wind, the spring is stretched, and the photovoltaic assembly rotates, such that the windward area is decreased, the wind load is decreased, and the damping characteristics of the structure can eliminate vibration caused by the wind load; the spring is retracted when there is no wind, and the photovoltaic assembly can be kept at an optimum power generation angle under the support action of the connection rod.

Description

Solar panel support device based on spring adaptive angle adjustment

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment.

Background technique

As a renewable clean energy, solar energy has been widely used, mainly reflected in the generation of electricity through solar photovoltaic panels. Solar photovoltaic panels generally need to be installed and fixed on photovoltaic brackets during use, and have a certain installation angle. Only the inclination angle is considered. When the annual total radiation on the inclined surface of the photovoltaic panel reaches the maximum, the inclination angle at this time is the maximum. good inclination. Different regions have different optimal installation angles for photovoltaic panels.

Most of the existing brackets for installing solar photovoltaic panels are fixed, that is, after installation, the angle of the photovoltaic panels cannot be adjusted. Therefore, the wind load and other factors need to be considered when installing photovoltaic panels on the basis of the optimal angle. In places where strong winds may occur, such as tidal flat areas, the installation angle of photovoltaic panels is often much smaller than the optimal angle, resulting in a reduction in the power generation of photovoltaic panels.

In fact, the time of year when the strong wind load may affect the photovoltaic panel is often very short. The way to reduce the wind load by reducing the installation angle is not the best solution. Consider using the angle-adjustable photovoltaic panel mounting bracket.

Although there are brackets that can automatically adjust the angle of photovoltaic panels in the prior art, they have the following shortcomings when applied to consider the influence of wind loads:

1. The existing technology mostly adjusts the angle of photovoltaic panels according to the light, but cannot be adjusted according to the size of the wind;

2. When adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panels in the prior art, the rotating power is mostly provided by the motor provided, the equipment is relatively complex, the cost is expensive, and the reliability is insufficient in a relatively complex environment such as a tidal flat area.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the inability of the above-mentioned solar panel support to automatically adjust the angle of the wind, the present invention proposes a solar panel support device with a simple structure and easy implementation based on the self-adaptive angle adjustment of the spring, which can ensure that the photovoltaic panel remains optimal when there is no wind load. When there is wind load, the self-adaptive adjustment angle can reduce the wind load and achieve the purpose of improving the safety of photovoltaic panels and increasing production capacity.

To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment, including photovoltaic components;

The front end of the photovoltaic component is supported by a support, and the photovoltaic component and the support are rotatably connected;

The rear end of the photovoltaic assembly is supported by a connecting rod, the top end of the connecting rod and the photovoltaic assembly are slidably connected, the middle section of the connecting rod is fixed on the support, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with a damping device;

The damping device is fixed on a fixed plate through a damping rotating support, and the fixed plate is fixed on the support;

The connecting rod rotates with the fixed point of the middle section of the connecting rod on the support as the fulcrum through the sliding connection point with the top photovoltaic module and the damping device connected with the bottom end.

Further, the damping device includes a damping housing; the damping housing is in the shape of a hollow rod, the damping rod is axially arranged inside the damping housing, one end passes through the damping plug, and the other end passes through the damping front cover and is fixed on the damping rotating support. , the damping front cover and the damping plug are slidably connected with the damping rod;

A spring is wound outside the damping housing; one end of the spring is connected to the damping front cover, and the other end is fixed at the rear end of the damping housing.

Further, one end of the damping shell is open and connected with the lower end of the connecting rod.

Further, the size of the spring and the stiffness coefficient of the wind force are adapted to the rotation angle of the photovoltaic module; the initial state of the spring is in a stretched state, so that the connecting rod is kept vertical in a state of no wind or breeze.

Further, the support is a frame structure composed of a fulcrum, a front purlin and a beam; the fulcrums are respectively fixed on both sides of the front section of the beam, and the fulcrums are pivotally connected to the front purlin.

Further, a middle purlin is arranged on the support in parallel with the front purlin, and the connecting rod is fixed on the middle purlin through a connecting rod rotating support.

Further, a rear purlin is arranged on the support in parallel with the front purlin, and the fixing plate is fixed on the rear purlin.

Further, support rods are provided on both sides of the fixing plate, and the support rods and the rear purlin form a triangular structure to fix the fixing plate.

Further, the device further includes a limiter, and the limiter is used to limit the sliding of the connecting rod relative to the photovoltaic assembly within a set range;

The limiting member is preferably a chute; the connecting end of the connecting rod and the photovoltaic assembly is provided with a roller, and the roller slides along the chute fixed on the photovoltaic assembly.

Further, the connecting rod is a solid structure; the connecting rod, the damping shell, the damping rod and the damping front cover are all made of nylon material.

Further, the spring stiffness coefficient is determined based on the following methods:

In the formula, G is the gravity of the photovoltaic module; _Fw is the wind load on the solar panel; Δh is the elongation of the spring; AA′ and AA″ represent the gravity G and the wind load _Fw , respectively, on the connection fulcrum between the front end of the photovoltaic module and the support A takes the moment arm length; BB′ is the moment arm length taken by the interaction force between the connecting rod and the photovoltaic module to the action point B on the top of the connecting rod; OB′ and OO′ are the distance between the connecting rod and the photovoltaic module, respectively The length of the moment arm that the interaction force and the spring tension take the moment to the connecting rod fulcrum O.

Its design process is as follows:

In the initial state, the length l and width of the solar panel are b, the distance between the fulcrum A at the front purlin and the bottom end is nl, the distance between the connecting rod action point B and the bottom end is ml, the initial angle of the solar panel α ₀ , the connecting rod fulcrum O and the fulcrum At the same level, the ratio of the length below the connecting rod fulcrum O to the length above the fulcrum O is i, and the initial length of the spring is h.

When the solar panel angle is α:

Wind speed v, wind pressure w _p =0.5ρ _air v ² , wind load on solar panel F _w =w _p lb sinα (1)

For the force analysis of the solar panel, the moment balance at point A is as follows:

_Fw ·AA″+G·AA′=F _B ·BB′(2)

The interaction force between the connecting rod and the photovoltaic module can be obtained:

For the force analysis of the connecting rod, the moment balance at point O is as follows:

F _B · OB = F _k · OO' (4)

Substitute equation (3) into equation (4) to get,

And the spring tension F _k = k·Δh, then we have

The arm length of each force at different angles and the elongation of the spring can be obtained according to the structural geometric relationship, and then the stiffness coefficient of the required spring can be determined by formula (6) according to the force requirements of the photovoltaic modules at different angles .

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: a solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment is proposed. The device has simple structure, low cost, no external power, and high reliability. When there is wind, the angle can be adjusted according to the size of the wind. The optimal power generation angle can be maintained.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings that constitute a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic description of the present invention is used to explain the present invention, and does not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a solar panel support device based on spring adaptive angle adjustment;

Fig. 2 is the calculation principle diagram of the design method of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure installation;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure installation 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a damping device and a spring structure;

6 is a cross-sectional view of the damping device and the spring structure;

In the picture: 1. Photovoltaic module, 2. Pivot, 3. Front purlin, 4. Chute, 5. Roller, 6. Beam, 7. Connecting rod, 8. Middle purlin, 9. Connecting rod rotating support, 10. Fixed plate, 11, Rear purlin, 12, Support rod, 13, Damping rotating support, 14, Damping front cover, 15, Spring, 16, Damping rod, 17, Damping plug, 18, Damping housing.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, a solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment, including photovoltaic module 1, fulcrum 2, front purlin 3, chute 4, roller 5, beam 6, connecting rod 7, middle Purlin 8, connecting rod rotating support 9, fixed plate 10, rear purlin 11, support rod 12, damping rotating support 13, damping front cover 14, spring 15, damping rod 16, damping plug 17, damping shell 18.

The front end of the photovoltaic module 1 is supported by the support, the rear end is supported by the connecting rod 7, the middle section of the connecting rod 7 is fixed on the support, and the lower end of the connecting rod 7 is connected with a damping device. The existence of the damping device can eliminate the vibration effect of the dynamic wind load; the damping device The fixed plate 10 is fixed on the fixed plate 10 through the damping rotation support 13, and the fixed plate is fixed on the support.

The support is a frame structure composed of a fulcrum 2, a front purlin 3 and a beam 6; the fulcrum 2 is respectively fixed on both sides of the front section of the beam 6, and the fulcrum 2 is pivotally connected with the front purlin 3, so that the photovoltaic module 1 can be rotated . A middle purlin 8 and a rear purlin 11 are arranged on the support in parallel with the front purlin, and the connecting rod 7 is fixed on the middle purlin through the connecting rod rotating support 9 . The fixing plate 10 is fixed on the rear purlin. As a preferred manner, support rods 12 are provided on both sides of the fixing plate 10 , and the support rods and the rear purlins 11 form a triangular structure to fix the fixing plate 10 .

The damping device includes a damping housing; the damping housing 18 is in the shape of a hollow rod, the damping rod 16 is axially arranged inside the damping housing 18, one end passes through the damping plug 17, and the other end passes through the damping front cover 14 and is fixed on the damping rotating support 13, the damping front cover 14 and the damping plug 17 are slidably connected with the damping rod; the damping shell 18 is wrapped around the spring 15; One end of the damping shell 18 has a hole and is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod 7 .

The device is also provided with a limiting member for limiting the sliding of the connecting rod relative to the photovoltaic assembly within a set range. In this embodiment, the limiting member is a chute 4 , and the connecting end of the connecting rod 7 and the photovoltaic module 1 is provided with a roller 5 , and the roller 5 slides along the chute 4 fixed on the photovoltaic module.

The size and stiffness coefficient of the spring 15 are adapted to the wind force and the rotation angle of the photovoltaic module; the initial state of the spring 15 is in a certain stretched state, which ensures that the connecting rod 7 remains vertical in the state of no wind or breeze.

In this embodiment, the connecting rod 7 is a solid structure, and the damping shell 18 , the damping rod 16 and the damping front cover 14 are all made of nylon material.

Example The length of the solar panel is 2.25m, the width is 1m, and the weight is 24kg. The distance between the fulcrum A at the front purlin and the bottom end is 0.3 times the length of the panel, which is 0.675m, and the distance between the connecting rod action point B and the bottom end is 0.8 times the length of the panel, which is 1.8m. , the initial angle of the solar panel is 25°, the connecting rod fulcrum O and the fulcrum A are at the same level, the ratio of the length below the connecting rod fulcrum O to the length above the fulcrum O is 0.75, the initial length of the spring is 0.26m, and the maximum wind speed is 50m/s.

When the solar panel angle is α:

_Fw ·AA″+G·AA′=F _B ·BB′(2)

F _B · OB = F _k · OO′ (4)

Substitute equation (3) into equation (4) to get,

And the spring tension F _k = k·Δh, then we have

In the formula, G represents the gravity of the photovoltaic module, Δh represents the elongation of the spring, and AA′, AA″, BB′, OB′, and OO′ are the lengths of the force arms when the above forces take moments at different points.

According to the above results, under the condition of 50m/s wind speed, the calculation of the spring tension required for the solar panel to maintain different angles is shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 Spring tension required for solar panels to maintain different angles at a wind speed of 50m/s

From this, it can be obtained that under different wind speed conditions, the calculation of the spring tension required for the solar panel to maintain different angles is shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2 Spring tension required for solar panels to maintain different angles at different wind speeds

According to Table 2, under the condition of the maximum wind speed of 50m/s, when the angle of the solar panel is 5°, the spring tension required to maintain the balance of the solar panel is 913.10N; under the condition of the wind speed of 5m/s, when the angle of the solar panel is 25° , the buoyancy value required to maintain the balance of the solar panel is 131.70N;

Considering that the solar panel can be rotated to a minimum angle of 5° and the solar panel does not rotate when the wind speed is 5m/s, the minimum pulling force required by the spring is 132N and the maximum pulling force is 913N. When the solar panel is turned from 25° to 5°, the elongation length of the spring is 0.40m, and the change in tension is 781N, so the spring stiffness coefficient is 1952N/m. To ensure that the spring provides a tension of 132N in the initial state, the initial extension of the spring is 1952N/m. The length is 6.8cm.

The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications made by any person of ordinary skill in the art based on the technical content disclosed above should be regarded as equivalent effective embodiments, and all belong to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

A solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment, comprising a photovoltaic assembly (1), characterized in that:

The front end of the photovoltaic component is supported by a support, and the photovoltaic component and the support are rotatably connected;

The rear end of the photovoltaic assembly is supported by a connecting rod (7), the top end of the connecting rod and the photovoltaic assembly are slidably connected, the middle section of the connecting rod is fixed on the support, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with a damping device;

The damping device is fixed on the fixed plate (10) through the damping rotating support (13), and the fixed plate is fixed on the support;

The connecting rod rotates with the fixed point of the middle section of the connecting rod on the support as the fulcrum through the sliding connection point with the top photovoltaic module and the damping device connected with the bottom end.
A solar panel support device based on spring adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the damping device comprises a damping casing; the damping casing (18) is in the shape of a hollow rod, and the damping rod (16) The damping housing (18) is arranged in the axial direction, one end passes through the damping plug (17), the other end passes through the damping front cover (14) and is fixed on the damping rotating support (13), the damping front cover (14) and the damping The plug (17) is slidably connected with the damping rod;

A damping casing (18) is wound around a spring (15); one end of the spring (15) is connected to the damping front cover (14), and the other end is fixed at the rear end of the damping casing (18).
A solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: one end of the damping shell (18) is opened with a hole, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod.
A solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the size of the spring, the stiffness coefficient of the wind force and the rotation angle of the photovoltaic module are adapted to; the initial state of the spring is in a stretched state, Keep the connecting rod upright in the absence of wind or light breeze.
A solar panel support device based on spring adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support is a frame structure composed of a fulcrum (2), a front purlin (3) and a beam (6). The fulcrums are respectively fixed on both sides of the front section of the beam, and the fulcrums are pivotally connected with the front purlins.
A solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that: the support is provided with a middle purlin (8) parallel to the front purlin, and the connecting rod rotates through the connecting rod The support (9) is fixed on the middle purlin.
A solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that: the support is provided with a rear purlin (11) parallel to the front purlin, and the fixing plate (10) is fixed On the rear purlin; preferably, support rods (12) are provided on both sides of the fixing plate (10), and the supporting rod and the rear purlin form a triangular structure to fix the fixing plate.
A solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: it further comprises a limiter, and the limiter is used to limit the sliding of the connecting rod relative to the photovoltaic module in the setting In the range;

The limiting member is preferably a chute; the connecting end of the connecting rod and the photovoltaic assembly is provided with a roller (5), and the roller slides along the chute (4) fixed on the photovoltaic assembly.
A solar panel support device based on spring self-adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the connecting rod is a solid structure; the connecting rod, the damping shell, the damping rod and the damping front cover are all made of nylon Material.
A solar panel support device based on spring adaptive angle adjustment according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: the spring stiffness coefficient is determined based on the following method:

In the formula, G is the gravity of the photovoltaic module; Fw is the wind load on the solar panel; Δh is the elongation of the spring; AA′ and AA″ represent the gravity G and the wind load Fw , respectively, on the connection fulcrum between the front end of the photovoltaic module and the support A takes the moment arm length; BB′ is the moment arm length taken by the interaction force between the connecting rod and the photovoltaic module to the action point B on the top of the connecting rod; OB′ and OO′ are the distance between the connecting rod and the photovoltaic module, respectively The length of the moment arm that the interaction force and the spring tension take the moment to the connecting rod fulcrum O.