WO2022082757A1 - Procédé et appareil de communication - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022082757A1
WO2022082757A1 PCT/CN2020/123351 CN2020123351W WO2022082757A1 WO 2022082757 A1 WO2022082757 A1 WO 2022082757A1 CN 2020123351 W CN2020123351 W CN 2020123351W WO 2022082757 A1 WO2022082757 A1 WO 2022082757A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
random access
information
time
network device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/123351
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴烨丹
耿婷婷
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN202080103610.8A priority Critical patent/CN115989645A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/123351 priority patent/WO2022082757A1/fr
Publication of WO2022082757A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022082757A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of satellite communication, and in particular, to a communication method and device.
  • Satellite communication (non-terrestrial network, NTN) has the advantages of wide coverage and large communication range, and has been developed more.
  • a user equipment user equipment, UE
  • the random access step may include four-step random access and two-step random access.
  • the four-step random access process may include: after the random access between the UE and the network device is initialized, the UE and the network device perform four-step communication based on the random access preamble, scheduling transmission, contention resolution, etc. to achieve random access.
  • the two-step random access process may include: a process in which the UE and the network device implement random access based on two steps of request and response.
  • random access interruption often occurs when the UE performs random access, so that the UE cannot effectively access the satellite communication system.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, where a terminal can flexibly choose whether to initiate random access to the first satellite according to the first time and the estimated time when the first satellite covers itself, so that the terminal can When the coverage time of a satellite covering the terminal does not meet the time for the terminal to perform random access, the terminal determines not to initiate random access on the first satellite, and/or initiates random access to the next satellite covering the terminal, thereby improving the performance of the terminal. The success rate of random access.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including: a terminal determining first information, where the first information includes a first time, and the first time is greater than or equal to an estimated time for the terminal to perform random access; the terminal Perform one of the following: the terminal initiates random access to the first satellite, wherein the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal is greater than or equal to the first time; or, the terminal determines not to initiate random access, wherein the predetermined coverage time is The estimated coverage time of the terminal covered by the first satellite is less than the first time; or, the terminal determines not to initiate random access to the first satellite and initiates random access to the next satellite covering the terminal, wherein the estimated first satellite coverage The coverage time of the terminal is less than the first time.
  • the terminal can flexibly choose whether to initiate random access to the first satellite according to the first time and the estimated time when the first satellite covers itself, so that the terminal may not satisfy the terminal when the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covers the terminal.
  • the terminal determines not to initiate random access on the first satellite, and/or initiates random access to the next satellite covering the terminal to overcome the estimated coverage of the terminal by the first satellite. The time does not meet the random access interruption caused by the time when the terminal performs random access.
  • the first time is received by the terminal from the network device, or the first time is determined by the terminal itself.
  • the terminal may determine whether to initiate random access to the first satellite according to the first time and the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal.
  • the first information further includes one or more of the following: a time threshold or a random access type corresponding to the first time.
  • the type of random access corresponding to the first time includes one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four steps random access.
  • the determining of the first information by the terminal includes: the terminal receiving the first information from the network device.
  • the method further includes: the terminal sends second information to the network device, where the second information includes information indicating the time at which the terminal performs random access.
  • the second information further includes one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or an indication used to indicate that the reason for the random access performed by the terminal is hopping.
  • the types of random access performed by the terminal include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access. access.
  • the second information is carried in the random access report.
  • the method before the terminal sends the second information to the network device, the method further includes: the terminal receives third information from the network device, where the third information is used to instruct the terminal to record the second information; the terminal records the first information according to the third information. 2. Information.
  • the method further includes: the terminal sends indication information for indicating the presence of the report to the network device; the terminal receives a message from the network device for requesting to report the report; Sending the second information by the terminal to the network device includes: the terminal sending the second information to the network device according to a message for requesting a report to be reported.
  • the terminal determining the first information includes: the terminal determining the first information according to the situation of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal.
  • the terminal determines the estimated coverage time of the first satellite to cover the terminal according to the ephemeris, and the ephemeris includes one or more of the following information: the flight track of the first satellite, the first satellite The flight speed of the satellite, the altitude of the first satellite, the position of the first satellite, or the time information corresponding to the position of the first satellite.
  • the method further includes: the terminal compares the first time with the estimated coverage time of the terminal covered by the first satellite.
  • the terminal determines the first information, including: the terminal receives an estimated time at which the terminal performs random access from the network device; the terminal performs random access according to the estimated time at the terminal and a third time, Determine the first time; wherein, the third time is related to the size of the service volume of the terminal or the level of the service priority, or the third time is a value received from the network device or a predetermined value set by the terminal or specified by the communication protocol value.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including: a network device determines first information, the first information includes a first time, and the first time is greater than or equal to an estimated time for the terminal to perform random access; the network device Send the first information to the terminal.
  • the terminal can determine whether to initiate random access to the first satellite according to the first time and the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal.
  • the first information further includes one or more of the following: a time threshold or a random access type corresponding to the first time.
  • the type of random access corresponding to the first time includes one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four steps random access.
  • the network device determining the first information includes: the network device receives second information from the terminal, where the second information includes information indicating a time at which the terminal performs random access.
  • determining the first information by the network device includes: the network device obtains the time when each device performs random access from multiple devices; the network device calculates and obtains the first information according to the time when each device performs random access. a time.
  • the network device calculates the first time according to the time when each device performs random access, including: the network device calculates an estimated value of random access according to the time when each device performs random access.
  • the second information further includes one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or an indication used to indicate that the reason for the random access performed by the terminal is hopping.
  • the types of random access performed by the terminal include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access. access.
  • the second information is carried in the random access report.
  • the network device before the network device receives the second information from the terminal, it further includes: the network device sends third information to the terminal, where the third information is used to instruct the terminal to record the second information; the network device receives the information from the terminal. It is based on the indication information indicating the existence of the report; the network device sends a message for requesting the report to the terminal according to the network requirements.
  • the network device sends an ephemeris to the terminal, where the ephemeris includes one or more of the following information: the flight orbit of the first satellite, the flight speed of the first satellite, and the flight speed of the first satellite.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including: the terminal receives third information from a network device, the third information is used to instruct the terminal to record the second information, and the second information includes the time at which the terminal is instructed to perform random access information; the terminal determines the second information according to the third information; the terminal sends the second information to the network device.
  • the second information further includes one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or an indication used to indicate that the reason for the random access performed by the terminal is hopping.
  • the third information includes one or more of the following: information used to instruct the terminal to record the time for performing random access, information used to indicate the type of random access performed by the terminal, or The information used to indicate that the reason for random access performed by the terminal is the indication of hopping.
  • the types of random access performed by the terminal include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access. access.
  • the second information is carried in the random access report, and/or the third information is carried in the random access report.
  • the method before the terminal sends the second information to the network device, the method further includes: the terminal sends indication information for indicating the existence report to the network device; the terminal receives a message from the network device for requesting to report the report; the terminal Sending the second information to the network device includes: the terminal sending the second information to the network device according to a message for requesting a report to be reported.
  • the terminal sends the indication information for indicating the presence report to the network device, including: in the RRC establishment process of the terminal in the idle state or the RRC recovery process in the deactivated state, the terminal The indication information for indicating the presence report is sent to the network device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including: a network device sending third information to a terminal, the third information is used to instruct the terminal to record the second information, and the second information includes a time indicating when the terminal performs random access. information; the network device receives the second information from the terminal.
  • the second information further includes one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or an indication used to indicate that the reason for the random access performed by the terminal is hopping.
  • the third information includes one or more of the following: information used to instruct the terminal to record the time for performing random access, information used to indicate the type of random access performed by the terminal, or The reason for indicating the random access performed by the terminal is the indicated information of hopping.
  • the types of random access performed by the terminal include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access. access.
  • the second information is carried in the random access report, and/or the third information is carried in the random access report.
  • the method before the network device receives the second information from the terminal, the method further includes: the network device receives indication information from the terminal for indicating the presence of the report; the network device sends a request for reporting the report to the terminal according to network requirements. news.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a terminal, or may be a chip or a chip system in the terminal.
  • the communication apparatus may include a processing unit and a communication unit.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface or an interface circuit.
  • the communication device may also include a storage unit, which may be a memory. The storage unit is used for storing instructions, and the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the terminal implements a communication method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the terminal implements a communication method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the storage unit may be a storage unit in the chip (eg, a register, a cache, etc.), or a storage unit in the terminal (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) located outside the chip.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine the first information, where the first information includes a first time, and the first time is greater than or equal to the estimated time for the terminal to perform random access; the processing unit is configured to perform the following: Item 1: initiate random access to the first satellite, wherein the estimated coverage time of the terminal covered by the first satellite is greater than or equal to the first time; or, determine not to initiate random access, wherein the estimated coverage time of the first satellite is greater than or equal to the first time; The coverage time of the terminal is less than the first time; or, it is determined not to initiate random access to the first satellite and to initiate random access to the next satellite covering the terminal, wherein the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal is less than the first satellite. time.
  • the first time is received by the terminal from the network device, or the first time is determined by the terminal itself.
  • the first information further includes one or more of the following: a time threshold or a random access type corresponding to the first time.
  • the type of random access corresponding to the first time includes one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four steps random access.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to receive the first information from the network device.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to send second information to the network device, where the second information includes information indicating the time at which the terminal performs random access.
  • the second information further includes one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or an indication used to indicate that the reason for the random access performed by the terminal is hopping.
  • the types of random access performed by the terminal include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access. access.
  • the second information is carried in the random access report.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to receive third information from the network device, where the third information is used to instruct the terminal to record the second information; the terminal records the second information according to the third information.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to send indication information for indicating the presence of the report to the network device; the communication unit is specifically configured to receive a message from the network device for requesting the report to be reported; the communication unit is specifically configured to The sending of the second information to the network device includes: the terminal sending the second information to the network device according to a message for requesting a report.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the first information according to the situation of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the estimated coverage time of the first satellite coverage terminal according to the ephemeris, and the ephemeris includes one or more of the following information: the flight track of the first satellite, The flight speed of the first satellite, the altitude of the first satellite, the position of the first satellite, or the time information corresponding to the position of the first satellite.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to compare the first time with the estimated coverage time of the terminal covered by the first satellite.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to receive the estimated time at which the terminal performs random access from the network device;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to receive the estimated time at which the terminal performs random access and the third time, determine the first time; wherein, the third time is related to the size of the service volume of the terminal or the level of the service priority, or the third time is the value received from the network device or the value or communication protocol preset by the terminal specified value.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication apparatus may be a network device, or may be a chip or a chip system in the network device.
  • the communication apparatus may include a processing unit and a communication unit.
  • the processing unit may be a processor
  • the communication unit may be a communication interface or an interface circuit.
  • the communication device may also include a storage unit, which may be a memory. The storage unit is used for storing instructions, and the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the network device implements a communication method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the network device implements a communication method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the storage unit may be a storage unit (eg, a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip, or a storage unit (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) located outside the chip in the network device.
  • a processing unit configured to determine first information, where the first information includes a first time, and the first time is greater than or equal to an estimated time for the terminal to perform random access; a communication unit, configured to send the first information to the terminal .
  • the first information further includes one or more of the following: a time threshold or a random access type corresponding to the first time.
  • the type of random access corresponding to the first time includes one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four steps random access.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to receive second information from the terminal, where the second information includes information indicating the time at which the terminal performs random access.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to obtain the time when each device performs random access from a plurality of devices; the processing unit is specifically configured to calculate and obtain the first random access time according to the time when each device performs random access. time.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to calculate and obtain the first time according to the time when each device performs random access, including: the network device calculates the random access prediction according to the time when each device performs random access. Valuation.
  • the second information further includes one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or an indication used to indicate that the reason for the random access performed by the terminal is hopping.
  • the types of random access performed by the terminal include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access. access.
  • the second information is carried in the random access report.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to send third information to the terminal, and the third information is used to instruct the terminal to record the second information; the communication unit is specifically configured to receive an indication from the terminal for indicating the existence of the report. information; a communication unit, specifically configured to send a message for requesting a report to the terminal according to network requirements.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to send an ephemeris to the terminal, where the ephemeris includes one or more of the following information: the flight orbit of the first satellite, the flight speed of the first satellite, the first satellite The altitude, the position of the first satellite, or the time information corresponding to the position of the first satellite, the first satellite is the satellite that is covering the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device may be a terminal, or may be a chip or a chip system in the terminal.
  • the communication apparatus may include a processing unit and a communication unit.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface or an interface circuit.
  • the communication device may also include a storage unit, which may be a memory. The storage unit is used for storing instructions, and the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the terminal implements a communication method described in the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the third aspect.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the terminal implements a communication method described in the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the third aspect.
  • the storage unit may be a storage unit in the chip (eg, a register, a cache, etc.), or a storage unit in the terminal (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) located outside the chip.
  • the communication unit is configured to receive third information from the network device, the third information is used to instruct the terminal to record the second information, and the second information includes information indicating the time at which the terminal performs random access; the processing unit is configured to The second information is determined according to the third information; the terminal sends the second information to the network device.
  • the second information further includes one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or an indication used to indicate that the reason for the random access performed by the terminal is hopping.
  • the third information includes one or more of the following: information used to instruct the terminal to record the time for performing random access, information used to indicate the type of random access performed by the terminal, or The information used to indicate that the reason for random access performed by the terminal is the indication of hopping.
  • the types of random access performed by the terminal include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access. access.
  • the second information is carried in the random access report, and/or the third information is carried in the random access report.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to send indication information for indicating the presence report to the network device; the communication unit is specifically configured to receive a message from the network device for requesting the report to be reported; the communication unit is specifically configured to for sending the second information to the network device according to the message for requesting the report.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to send an indication to the network device for indicating the presence of the report during the RRC establishment process in which the terminal is in an idle state or in the RRC recovery process in which the terminal is in a deactivated state. information.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication apparatus may be a network device, or may be a chip or a chip system in the network device.
  • the communication apparatus may include a processing unit and a communication unit.
  • the processing unit may be a processor
  • the communication unit may be a communication interface or an interface circuit.
  • the communication device may also include a storage unit, which may be a memory. The storage unit is used for storing instructions, and the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the network device implements a communication method described in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the network device implements a communication method described in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect.
  • the storage unit may be a storage unit (eg, a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip, or a storage unit (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) located outside the chip in the network device.
  • the communication unit is used to send third information to the terminal, the third information is used to instruct the terminal to record the second information, and the second information includes information indicating the time when the terminal performs random access; the communication unit is used to receive information from the terminal. The second information of the terminal.
  • the second information further includes one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or an indication used to indicate that the reason for the random access performed by the terminal is hopping.
  • the third information includes one or more of the following: information used to instruct the terminal to record the time for performing random access, information used to indicate the type of random access performed by the terminal, or The reason for indicating the random access performed by the terminal is the indicated information of hopping.
  • the types of random access performed by the terminal include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access. access.
  • the second information is carried in the random access report, and/or the third information is carried in the random access report.
  • the communication unit is specifically configured to receive indication information from the terminal for indicating the presence of the report; the communication unit is specifically configured to send a message for requesting the report to the terminal according to network requirements.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program or instruction is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program or instruction is run on a computer, the computer executes the steps from the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product including instructions, when the instructions are run on a computer, the computer causes the computer to execute the communication method described in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect to the fourth aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, and the system includes any one or more of the following: the fifth aspect and the communication device described in various possible implementations of the fifth aspect, the sixth aspect and The communication apparatus described in the various possible implementation manners of the sixth aspect, the communication apparatus described in the various possible implementation manners of the seventh aspect and the seventh aspect, and the eighth aspect and various possible implementation manners of the eighth aspect The communication device described in .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the device includes a processor and a storage medium, the storage medium stores an instruction, and when the instruction is executed by the processor, any implementation manner of the first aspect to the fourth aspect is implemented. described communication method.
  • the present application provides a chip or a chip system, the chip or chip system includes at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected by a line, and the at least one processor is used for running a computer program or instruction , to perform the communication method described in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect to the fourth aspect.
  • the communication interface in the chip may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like.
  • the chip or chip system described above in this application further includes at least one memory, where instructions are stored in the at least one memory.
  • the memory may be a storage unit inside the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., or a storage unit of the chip (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical network architecture of a satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) shared by a plurality of distributed units (distributed units, DU) according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a four-step random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a two-step random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a satellite flight orbit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a moving beam mode for satellite and cell communication according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a fixed beam mode for satellite and cell communication according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same function and effect.
  • the first information and the second information are only for distinguishing different information, and the sequence of the first information is not limited.
  • the words “first”, “second” and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words “first”, “second” and the like are not necessarily different.
  • “at least one” refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or”, which describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can indicate: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are an “or” relationship.
  • “At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • At least one (a) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c may be single or multiple .
  • the methods of the embodiments of the present application may be applied to satellite communication (non-terrestrial networks, NTN) systems or long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) systems, and may also be applied to the fifth generation new radio (5th generation new radio, 5G NR) system, or the future mobile communication system.
  • NTN non-terrestrial networks
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5th generation new radio 5th generation new radio
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical network architecture of a satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the satellite communication system includes a terminal 101 , a satellite 102 , a ground station 103 and a core network 104 .
  • the core network 104 may include a user plane function (UPF) unit 105, a mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF) unit 106, a session management function (session management function, SMF) unit 107 and a data network ( data network, DN) 108.
  • UPF user plane function
  • AMF mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • DN data network
  • the terminal 101 can access the network through the air interface to complete the communication with the satellite 102, and the satellite 102 is connected with the ground station 104 through a wireless link (e.g., next generation network (NG) interface).
  • NG next generation network
  • NG next generation network
  • the terminal 101 can access the satellite network through the air interface and initiate services such as calls and Internet access, and the terminal can be a mobile device that supports 5G NR.
  • the terminal 101 may be a terminal in a 5G network, a future evolved public land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN) or a terminal in other future communication systems, and the like.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the terminal 101 may be a terminal with a wireless communication function (referred to as a wireless terminal), and the terminal may also include a wired communication function, for example, the terminal may be a router with a wireless communication function;
  • a device for data connectivity also a handheld device with wireless connectivity, a virtual ⁇ mixed ⁇ augmented reality device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle device, wearable device.
  • a wireless terminal may communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (RAN), and the wireless terminal may be a mobile terminal and a computer having a mobile terminal, for example, a mobile terminal may be a mobile phone (or referred to as a mobile phone).
  • RAN radio access network
  • cellular phones tablet computers, portable notebook computers, computers with mobile terminals may be portable, pocket-sized, hand-held, computer built-in or vehicle mounted mobile devices, mobile terminals and computers with mobile terminals and wireless access networks Exchange language and/or data.
  • PCS personal communication service
  • cordless phones session initiation protocol (SIP) phones
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • WLAN wireless local loop
  • terrestrial base stations eg, NR base stations) (NR nodeB, gNB)
  • ground station ground station
  • GS personal digital assistant
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • a wireless terminal may also be referred to as a system, a subscriber unit (SU), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile station (MB), a mobile station (mobile), a remote station (RS), Access point (AP), remote terminal (RT), access terminal (AT), user terminal (UT) or user agent (UA).
  • SU subscriber unit
  • SS subscriber station
  • MB mobile station
  • RS remote station
  • AP Access point
  • RT remote terminal
  • AT access terminal
  • UT user terminal
  • UUA user agent
  • the satellite 102 can provide wireless access services for the terminal 101.
  • the satellite 102 can schedule wireless resources for the terminal 101 to access, so as to provide the terminal 101 with services such as a reliable wireless transmission protocol and a data encryption protocol.
  • the satellite 102 refers to a base station using an artificial earth satellite or a high-altitude aircraft as a wireless communication base, such as an evolved base station and a 5G base station.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the satellite communicates with the NTN gateway through the NR Uu interface, and the gNB communicates through the next generation (NG) interface and the 5G core network (5th-generation core network, 5G CN) interconnection and communication, 5G CN interconnects and communicates with the data network through the N6 interface.
  • the network communication segment between the UE and the gNB is called a remote radio unit, and the NG-RAN node is used to ensure the normal communication between the UE and the 5G CN.
  • Satellites can be used as L1 relays for RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification to regenerate physical layer signals so that the physical layer signals are not visible at the protocol layer above the physical layer.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the satellite can be used as a base station.
  • the satellite communicates with the UE through the NR Uu interface
  • the satellite communicates with the 5G CN through the NG interface
  • the 5G CN interconnects and communicates with the data network through the N6 interface
  • the NTN gateway is used to connect network segments using different protocols to ensure normal communication.
  • the NG interface is deployed on the satellite radio interface (SRI). ), the NG-RAN node is used to ensure the normal communication between the UE and the 5G CN.
  • SRI satellite radio interface
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the satellite can be used as a base station.
  • the satellite communicates with the UE through the NR Ju interface.
  • the satellite communicates with another satellite that acts as a base station through the Xn interface.
  • ISL inter-satellite link
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the satellite can be used as a distributed unit (DU), for example, the satellite communicates with the UE through the NR Uu interface, the gNB-DU communicates with the gNB-CU through the F1 interface, and the gNB-CU communicates through the
  • the NG interface communicates with the 5G CN, and the 5G CN communicates with the data network through the N6 interface; among them, the F1 interface can be deployed on the SRI, and the NTN gateway is used to connect network segments using different protocols to ensure normal communication.
  • NG-RAN The node is used to ensure the normal communication between the UE and the 5G CN.
  • the radio resource control (RRC) states of a user equipment (UE) include a connected state (RRC_CONNECTED) and an idle state (RRC_IDLE) , the deactivated state (RRC_INACTIVE, or the third state).
  • the inactive state is a newly introduced state in 5G, which is between the connected state and the idle state.
  • the inactive state there is no RRC connection between the terminal and the access network device, but the connection between the access network device and the core network device is maintained, and the terminal stores all or part of the information necessary to establish/restore the connection. Therefore, in the inactive state, when the terminal needs to establish a connection, it can quickly establish/restore an RRC connection with the access network device according to the stored relevant information.
  • the UE When the UE is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, the UE has established links with the base station and the core network. When data arrives at the network, it can be directly transmitted to the UE; when the UE is in the RRC_INACTIVE state, it means that the UE has established links with the base station and the core network before. , but the link between the UE and the base station is released, but the base station will store the context of the UE. When there is data to be transmitted, the base station can quickly restore this link; when the UE is in the RRC_IDLE state, the connection between the UE and the base station and the network There is no link. When there is data to be transmitted, a link from the UE to the base station and the core network needs to be established.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an RRC state transition provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the UE when the UE initially enters the IDLE state, it can initiate random access and request the establishment of an RRC connection to enter the RRC_CONNECTED state; When the UE is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, it can enter the RRC_IDLE state by releasing the RRC connection.
  • the UE When the UE is in the RRC_INACTIVE state, the UE may enter the RRC_IDLE state by releasing the RRC connection, or the UE may enter the RRC_CONNECTED state by temporarily restoring the RRC connection.
  • the scenarios in which the random access process occurs may include: initial access of the terminal, transition from the RRC_IDLE state to the RRC_CONNECTED state; after the wireless connection is interrupted, the terminal re-establishes or restores the RRC_CONNECTED state from the RRC_IDLE state or the RRC_INACTIVE state;
  • the terminal needs to establish uplink synchronization with the target cell; when the terminal is in the connected state but the terminal uplink is not synchronized, and there is uplink data or downlink data arriving at this time, uplink synchronization can be established through random access; the terminal is in the idle state or deactivated state, use
  • the positioning service is completed through random access; when no special scheduling request resources are allocated on the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), uplink resources are applied for through random access.
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • the process in which the terminal initiates random access can be considered as the process of interactive communication with the network device.
  • the network device may be an access network device in a radio access network (RAN), such as a base station; optionally, the base station may be a terrestrial base station, such as a gNB, such as a centralized unit (CU) and a DU.
  • RAN radio access network
  • the base station may be a terrestrial base station, such as a gNB, such as a centralized unit (CU) and a DU.
  • the base station with separate architecture, or the base station can also be a satellite;
  • the RAN can be connected to the core network, and the core network can be the core network of LTE or the core network of 5G.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture in which multiple DUs share one CU according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 7 , the core network and the RAN communicate with each other, and the base stations in the RAN are separated into CUs and DUs. Multiple DUs share one CU.
  • the network architecture shown in FIG. 7 can be applied to a 5G communication system, and can also share one or more components or resources with an LTE system.
  • the CU and the DU may be divided according to the protocol layer of the wireless network.
  • one of the possible division methods is based on the CU used to execute the RRC layer, the service data adaptation protocol (service data adaptation protocol, SDAP) layer or the packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer.
  • the functions are divided, and the DU is used to perform the functions of the radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer, the MAC layer or the physical (physical) layer.
  • the functions of the CU may be implemented by one entity, or may be implemented by different entities.
  • the functions of the CU can be further segmented.
  • the control plane (CP) and the user plane (user panel, UP) are separated, which can be understood as obtaining the control plane (CU-CP) of the CU after separation.
  • CU-CP control plane
  • CU-UP user plane
  • CU-CP and CU-UP can be implemented by different functional entities, and CU-CP and CU-UP can be coupled with DU to jointly complete the functions of the base station.
  • the method for initiating random access by a terminal may include a four-step random access method and a two-step random access method.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a four-step random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 is a A schematic flowchart of a two-step random access method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the random access initialization process can be triggered by a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) order (order) or a medium access control (MAC) sublayer or the RRC sublayer itself.
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • MAC medium access control
  • the terminal usually only performs one random access procedure at any time. If in a random access process, the terminal receives a newly initiated random access request, the implementation on the terminal side decides to continue the ongoing random access process or start a new random access process.
  • S802 The terminal sends a random access preamble to the network device.
  • a random access point (random access point, RAP) is carried in the first message (Msg1).
  • RAP random access point
  • the role of RAP can be to tell the network device that there is a random access request, and enable the network device to estimate the transmission delay between it and the terminal, so that the network device can calibrate the uplink timing and pass the calibration information through the timing Advance command (timing advance command) to inform the terminal.
  • timing Advance command timing advance command
  • S803 The terminal receives a random access response (random access response, RAR) sent by the network device.
  • RAR random access response
  • the random access response is carried in the second message (Msg2), and the PDCCH carrying the Msg2 scheduling message may be scrambled with RA-RNTI.
  • the terminal can use the random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI) to monitor the PDCCH, and if it receives its own scheduling information, such as downlink control information (DCI), the terminal can The RAR message sent by the network device is received on the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) according to the DCI.
  • RA-RNTI random access radio network temporary identifier
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the RAR may include the uplink timing advance, the uplink grant (UL grant) allocated for the third message (Msg3), and the temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (cell radio network temporary identifier, temporary C-RNTI) allocated by the network side. one or more of etc.
  • S804 The terminal sends a scheduled transmission-based message (for example, Msg3) to the network device.
  • a scheduled transmission-based message for example, Msg3
  • the terminal sends Msg3 to the network device through the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) according to the uplink grant and uplink timing advance information in Msg2.
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • the content of Msg3 may also be different.
  • Msg3 may include one or more of the following: RRC connection request, tracking area data update, resource scheduling request, and the like.
  • S805 The terminal receives a contention resolution message (for example, a fourth message (Msg4)) sent by the network device.
  • a contention resolution message for example, a fourth message (Msg4)
  • Contention occurs when multiple terminals use the same preamble to initiate random access. Only one terminal can successfully access at most among terminals competing for the same resource. At this time, the network device sends a contention resolution message to the terminal through the PDSCH.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic flowchart of a two-step random access in a 5G NR system.
  • S901 The terminal sends a message A (MsgA) to the network device.
  • MsgA message A
  • MsgA includes a random access signal and payload data
  • the random access signal may include a preamble and/or a demodulation reference signal (demodulation reference signal, DMRS), and the random access signal is used for receiving payload data
  • the network device may determine the transmission boundary of the payload data (eg, start and end positions of a slot for transmitting the payload data) or demodulate the payload data according to the random access signal.
  • the payload data may be control plane data and/or user plane data, and the payload data may correspond to the content contained in Msg3 in the four-step random access mechanism.
  • the payload data may include one or more of the following: RRC connection request, terminal identification, scheduling request, buffer status report (buffer status report, BSR) or real service data.
  • the identity of the terminal may be a C-RNTI, a temporary mobile subscriber identity (serving-temporary mobile subscriber identity, s-TMSI) or an identity of the terminal in an inactive state (resumeIdentity).
  • s-TMSI temporary mobile subscriber identity
  • s-TMSI temporary mobile subscriber identity
  • the specific type of identifier carried in the payload data may depend on different random access trigger events.
  • the network device After the network device receives the MsgA sent by the terminal, the network device decodes the random access signal and payload data, and the decoding results are successful decoding and unsuccessful decoding. Table 1 shows possible decoding results.
  • S902 The network device sends a message B (MsgB) to the terminal.
  • MsgB message B
  • the MsgB is used to carry a response message for the random access signal and payload data.
  • the response message refers to a response message to a request for random access, which may also be referred to as a random access response (message B).
  • the response message may include one or more of the following: information on the temporary C-RNTI, timing advance command ( timing advance command, TA command) information, uplink authorization information or contention resolution ID information.
  • the contention resolution identification information may be part or all of the payload data.
  • the response message can also include a control plane message, and can also be regarded as a response message based on scheduling transmission.
  • the RAR can also include an RRC connection (RRC setup) message, RRC Re-establishment (RRC reestablishment) message or RRC resume (RRC resume) message.
  • the UE receives the configuration sent by the network device when it is in the RRC_CONNECTED state.
  • the UE in the RRC_IDLE state or the RRC_INACTIVE state meets the trigger conditions in the configuration, it will record the event or state according to the configuration.
  • One of the report types is the random access report, which records information about successful random access. After the base station receives the report sent by the UE, the base station will adjust the corresponding parameter configuration according to the content of the report.
  • the base station When the random access reported by multiple UEs shows that a conflict is detected, the base station will adjust the physical layer resources of the random access, such as , the base station will configure multiple time-frequency resources for the UE to perform competitive random access, so as to reduce collisions.
  • the UE records the entire random access process.
  • the detailed records contained therein may be in the synchronization signal block (synchronization signal and PBCH block, SSB) or the channel state information-reference signal (channel state information-reference signal, CSI-RS) ), how many times the preamble is tried to be sent on each SSB or CSI-RS, and whether a collision or downlink reference signal receiving power (reference signal receiving power, RSRP) is detected when trying to send a preamble each time whether a certain threshold is met.
  • RSRP reference signal receiving power
  • the UE side can store multiple random access reports, and the UE reports the random access reports at the request of the base station, and the specific information elements of each random access report can include the cell ID, the physical layer information of the cell or The physical layer resource used by the UE to send the preamble; wherein, the cell ID can be a cell global identifier (CGI), and the physical layer information of the cell can be absolute frequency information, bandwidth or subcarrier spacing, and the UE sends the preamble using the
  • the physical layer resource can be frequency point information or subcarrier spacing.
  • the purpose of the random access initiated by the UE may include one or more of the following: access related, beam failure recovery, handover, uplink asynchronous, scheduling request failure, uplink control channel resource unavailable, secondary cell addition adjustment or requesting cell system information.
  • Satellite communication has the advantages of wide coverage and large communication range.
  • the research of satellite communication has been a hot topic in the research field since the 1860s. Thanks to the concept of "any time, any place” communication, the The status will be further improved in the future. Generally speaking, the higher the orbit of the satellite, the larger the coverage area, but the longer the communication delay.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a satellite flight orbit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • a low earth orbit is a flight orbit where the satellite flight distance is the smallest from the ground, and a medium orbit
  • the flight altitude of satellites in middle earth orbit (MEO) is higher than that in low orbit
  • the relative position of satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO) and the earth is not affected by the rotation of the earth, and its height from the ground is larger than that in medium orbit
  • a high elliptical orbit (HEO) is the orbit at which the satellite flies farthest from the ground, and the orbit of the satellite is elliptical.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a network structure of an NTN airborne platform according to an embodiment of the present application, and the figure shows communication network subsystems at different orbit heights.
  • the orbital height of LEO is 160km-2000km
  • the orbital height of MEO is 7000km-25000km
  • the orbital height of GEO is 35786km
  • the orbital height of HEO is 400km-50000km; among them, the communication system on land can use the communication system of cellular sub-network
  • LAP low altitude platform
  • Communication can use a high altitude platform (HAP) sub-network system to complete communication with base stations and devices on land.
  • HAP high altitude platform
  • the communication scenarios between satellites and cells can include the following two scenarios:
  • Scenario 1 In a cell covered by a GEO satellite (hereinafter referred to as a GEO cell), because the GEO satellite is a geostationary satellite, whether it is a satellite or a cell projected to the ground, it is stationary relative to the ground.
  • the GEO satellite performs cell selection, reselection or handover in the GEO cell, the communication process is very similar to the terrestrial communication.
  • Scenario 2 In a non-stationary cell covered by satellites such as LEO or MEO, because the LEO satellite flies around the earth at a high speed, its speed is close to 7km/s. Therefore, the communication method between the LEO satellite and the ground cell can include moving beam mode and Fixed beam pattern.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a moving beam mode for satellite-to-cell communication according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the moving beam mode is that the cell projected to the ground moves along with the LEO satellite, and the LEO satellite’s
  • the antenna is always perpendicular to the ground; whether the LEO satellite is used as an independent base station or a relay base station, the cell moves with the LEO satellite, and the relative distance between the LEO satellite and the cell keeps changing, after a period of time, the signal of the LEO satellite may not be able to.
  • Covering the cell if the network deployment is relatively complete, there will be the next LEO satellite to cover the cell. Since the satellite system is spherical, the next LEO satellite may come from various angles.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a fixed beam mode for satellite-to-cell communication provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the fixed beam mode is that the cell projected to the ground is stationary relative to the ground, and the LEO satellite in the sky passes through. Adjust the antenna angle to complete the coverage of the same location on the ground cell. When this LEO satellite cannot cover the ground cell, another LEO satellite can take over and cover the cell.
  • the satellite may jump due to certain circumstances.
  • a possible situation is that the base station connected behind the satellite changes, for example, the satellite is originally connected to base station 1, and after a certain time, the satellite becomes connected to base station 2.
  • a possible situation is that the satellite covering the cell changes, for example, the cell is covered by satellite 1, and after a certain time, the cell becomes covered by satellite 2.
  • the UE may fail to perform random access due to the Doppler effect.
  • the frequency offset caused by the relative movement speed between the UE and the satellite may cause the satellite to fail to decode data and cause the UE to fail to perform random access.
  • the base station connected behind the satellite may change or the satellite covering the cell may change, etc., resulting in a higher probability of the UE failing to perform random access.
  • the current random access report does not record the change of the base station connected behind the satellite or the change of the satellite covering the cell area, and there is no corresponding improvement measures to prevent the random access from being interrupted in half.
  • the time for performing random access between the ground base station and the UE may be around tens of milliseconds according to the implementation and specific channel quality.
  • the delay from signal transmission to reception is very large, and a random access
  • the delay in communication with the UE and the base station is about 40ms, which may lead to the entire random access time.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the terminal can flexibly choose whether to initiate random access to the first satellite according to the first time and the time when the first satellite covers itself, so that the terminal can use the estimated first satellite.
  • the coverage time covering the terminal does not meet the time for the terminal to perform random access
  • the terminal does not initiate random access in the first satellite, and/or initiates random access to the next satellite covering the terminal to overcome the estimated first satellite.
  • the coverage time of a satellite coverage terminal does not meet the random access interruption caused by the time when the terminal performs random access.
  • the time threshold described in this embodiment of the present application may be used to indicate the shortest time during which the satellite and the terminal are in a communication connection state after the terminal initiates random access to the satellite.
  • the time threshold may be preset by the terminal, specified by a communication protocol, or received by the terminal from a network device.
  • the specific value of the time threshold may be set according to the actual situation, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the acquisition method and specific value of the time threshold.
  • the time threshold may be 50ms.
  • the type of random access performed by the terminal described in the embodiments of this application is used to indicate the specific type of random access.
  • the type of random access may include four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access Access falls back to four-step random access, etc. type type
  • the reason for the random access performed by the terminal described in the embodiments of this application is that the indication of hopping is used to indicate that the terminal has undergone hopping last time performing random access, that is, the reason for the last random access failure is that hopping has undergone hopping. , which triggers the random access.
  • Hop is used to indicate that the terminal performs random access when encountering a sudden change of satellite or a sudden change of the base station connected to the satellite.
  • the sudden change of the base station connected to the satellite means that the satellite covering the terminal does not change, but as the satellite moves, the base station connected to the satellite changes from base station 1 to base station 2.
  • the determination of hopping may be specified by the communication protocol.
  • the timing advance of the two random accesses (timing advance, The difference value of TA) is greater than the first value, and the network device can determine that a jump has occurred; where TA means that the terminal sends a message to the base station in advance, so that when the message arrives at the base station, it happens to be the time in the configuration issued by the base station.
  • the specific value of the value may be set according to an actual application scenario, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the determination of the hopping may also be determined by the terminal, for example, the terminal may determine the period during which the hopping occurs according to the ephemeris.
  • the terminal performs random access on the satellite, but because the base station connected behind the satellite changes, the communication between the satellite and the base station is interrupted, resulting in the terminal
  • the interruption of communication with the base station may be referred to as the terminal performing random access hopping.
  • a terminal performs random access on a satellite. Initially, the satellite forwards data to base station 1, but after a certain time, because the satellite becomes connected to base station 2, the random access between the terminal and base station 1 is interrupted.
  • the terminal performs random access on the satellite, but due to the change of the satellite covering the cell where the terminal is located, the communication between the terminal and the satellite is interrupted.
  • the interruption of the communication between the terminal and the base station may be referred to as the terminal performing random access hopping. For example, at first, the cell where the terminal is located is covered by satellite 1, and satellite 1 forwards the data sent by the terminal, but after a certain time, the cell where the terminal is located becomes covered by satellite 2, so that the communication between satellite 1 and the base station is interrupted, causing the terminal to and the random access terminal of the base station.
  • the random access time described in the embodiment of the present application is the time when the terminal completes one random access.
  • the random access time is the time from when the terminal first sends Msg1 to the network device receives and successfully parses Msg4; or, the random access time is the first time when MsgA is sent to the network device The time when the MsgB was received and successfully parsed.
  • the time for the terminal to perform random access described in the embodiments of the present application may be obtained based on the time required for one or more terminals to perform random access before.
  • the time at which the terminal performs random access may be an estimated value for the terminal to perform random access.
  • the estimated value may be obtained by performing mathematical operations based on an algorithm or function, and the algorithm or function may perform a sum operation, a maximum value operation, a median operation, or a weighted sum operation.
  • the coefficient in the weighted sum operation is the weight coefficient of the terminal, and the weight coefficient of the terminal device may be related to the number of times that the terminal performs random access through hopping.
  • the weight coefficient of the terminal when the number of hops performed by the terminal in performing random access is greater than or equal to the fifth value, the weight coefficient of the terminal is small; when the number of hops performed by the terminal in performing random access is less than the fifth value, the weight coefficient of the terminal
  • the specific value of the fifth value may be set according to an actual application scenario, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the time related to the size of the service volume of the terminal and/or the level of the service priority described in the embodiments of this application may be the time estimated by the terminal based on the size of the terminal service volume; or, the terminal based on the level of service priority.
  • the estimated time, or the terminal estimated time based on the size of the terminal traffic and the level of the service priority.
  • the time related to the size of the traffic of the terminal and/or the priority of the service may be the time estimated by the terminal based on the size of the traffic of the terminal. For example, in the case of a large service volume of the terminal, the estimated time of the terminal is long, so as to ensure the smooth completion of the random access process of the service of the terminal.
  • the time related to the size of the service volume of the terminal and/or the level of the service priority may be the time estimated by the terminal based on the level of the service priority. For example, when the service priority of the terminal is high, the estimated time of the terminal is short, thereby ensuring that all or part of the services of the terminal complete random access.
  • the time related to the size of the service volume of the terminal and/or the level of service priority may be the time estimated by the terminal based on the size of the terminal service volume and the level of service priority.
  • the estimated time of the terminal may be an estimated value of the estimated time of the two.
  • the first time described in this embodiment of the present application is related to the time when the terminal performs random access. In a possible implementation, it may be determined whether the terminal initiates random access to the first satellite by comparing the first time with the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal.
  • the specific value of the first time may be a value set based on experience, or may be obtained based on a certain calculation, and the specific value of the first time is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first time may be the time estimated by the terminal when the terminal performs random access; or, the first time may be the time estimated by the network device when the terminal performs random access.
  • the first time may be the sum of the time threshold and the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the terminal; or, the first time may also be the time threshold and the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device. sum of time.
  • the first time may be the sum of the time for the terminal to perform random access estimated by the network device and the time related to the size of the terminal's service volume and/or the level of service priority.
  • the first information described in this embodiment of the present application may be used by the terminal to determine whether to initiate random access to the first satellite.
  • the first information includes the first time, and the first time is greater than or equal to the time estimated by the terminal for random access by the terminal, Or, the first time is greater than or equal to the time when the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device; the first time also includes one or more of the following: a time threshold or the type of random access corresponding to the first time, the first time
  • the types of random access corresponding to a time may include one or more of the following: four-step random access, two-step random access, or two-step random access falling back to four-step random access.
  • the ephemeris described in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more of the following information: the flight orbit of the satellite, the flight speed of the satellite, the altitude of the satellite, the position of the satellite, or the time information corresponding to the position of the satellite; the satellite may include One or more of the following: LEO satellite, MEO satellite, GEO satellite, HEO satellite or space station.
  • the estimated satellite described in the embodiment of the present application covers the terminal coverage time may be determined by the terminal according to the ephemeris. For example, the terminal can know that the satellite appears in a certain place at a certain time according to the ephemeris, and at the same time add some auxiliary information, such as the beam projection angle of the satellite, the geographic information covering the ground, the radius of the cell, etc. The terminal can infer that the satellite can be Time to override the terminal.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the application, including the following steps:
  • the terminal determines first information, where the first information includes a first time.
  • the first time may be determined by the terminal itself, or the first time may be received by the terminal from the network device, or the first time may be obtained by combining the time determined by the terminal and the time indicated by the network device .
  • the network device is an access network device, which may be a device in the RAN in any of the architectures shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 .
  • the network device may be a satellite or a ground base station, which is not limited here.
  • the communication between the terminal and the network device may include the communication between the terminal and the satellite, or the communication between the terminal and the ground base station.
  • the communication between the terminal and the ground base station can be transparently transmitted through the satellite.
  • the communication between the terminal and the ground base station can be described as the terminal from the ground base station.
  • Receiving, or the terminal receives from the ground base station, or the terminal receives from the ground base station through the satellite, or the terminal transmits to the ground base station, or the terminal transmits to the satellite, or the terminal transmits to the ground base station through the satellite.
  • the time threshold determined by the terminal itself is referred to as the first time threshold.
  • the first time threshold may be preset by the terminal, or subscribed to by the terminal, or specified by a communication protocol.
  • the time threshold determined by the network device is called the second time threshold, and the second time threshold may be specified by the communication protocol or preset by the network device.
  • the first time threshold and the second time threshold may or may not be equal.
  • the first time is the time estimated by the terminal when the terminal performs random access.
  • the terminal may determine the first time according to the time of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal in the history. For example, the terminal may obtain the estimated time of the terminal to perform random access according to the estimated value of the time of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal in the history.
  • the first time is the time estimated by the network device when the terminal performs random access.
  • the network device may determine the time at which the terminal performs random access according to the time at which each terminal performs one or more random accesses, and the network device sends the time at which the terminal performs random access to the terminal. For example, the network device may obtain the estimated value of the time at which each terminal performs one or more random accesses to obtain the time estimated by the network device for the terminal to perform random access.
  • the first time is the sum of the time threshold and the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device.
  • a possible implementation in which the terminal determines the first time may include the following examples:
  • the terminal receives a second time threshold from the network device and the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device, and the terminal determines according to the second time threshold and the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device.
  • first timing For example, the terminal may calculate the second time threshold and the estimated value of the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device to obtain the first time.
  • the terminal receives the second time threshold from the network device and the estimated value of the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device, and determines it as the first time.
  • the terminal receives the time estimated by the network device when the terminal performs random access, and the terminal may determine the first time according to the first time threshold and the time estimated by the network device when the terminal performs random access. For example, the terminal may calculate the first time threshold and the estimated value of the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device to obtain the first time.
  • the terminal receives the second time threshold from the network device, and the terminal may determine the first time according to the second time threshold and the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the terminal. For example, the terminal can periodically count the time of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal in the history to obtain the estimated time of the terminal to perform random access; further, the terminal can calculate the second time threshold and the estimated time of the terminal. The estimated value of the time at which the terminal performs random access is obtained to obtain the first time.
  • the terminal may determine the first time according to the first time threshold and the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the terminal. For example, the terminal may periodically count the time of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal in the history to obtain the estimated time of the terminal to perform random access; the terminal may calculate the first time threshold and the estimated time of the terminal to perform random access. The estimated value of the access time, and the first time is obtained.
  • the first time is the estimated time for the terminal to perform random access estimated by the network device and the estimated value of the time related to the size of the terminal's service volume and/or the level of service priority.
  • a possible implementation in which the terminal determines the first time may include the following examples:
  • the terminal receives the time estimated by the network device when the terminal performs random access, and the terminal can determine the first time. For example, the terminal may obtain the first time by calculating the time related to the size of the service volume of the terminal and the estimated value of the time when the terminal performs random access estimated by the network device.
  • the terminal receives the time estimated by the network device for the terminal to perform random access, and the terminal may determine the first time according to the time related to the service priority of the terminal and the time estimated by the network device to perform random access. a time.
  • the terminal can calculate the estimated value of the time related to the service priority of the terminal and the estimated time of the terminal performing random access estimated by the network device to obtain the first time.
  • the third example is that the terminal receives the time estimated by the network device when the terminal performs random access, and the terminal estimates the time based on the time related to the service priority of the terminal, the time related to the service priority of the terminal, and the network device.
  • the time at which the terminal performs random access is determined as the first time.
  • the terminal can calculate the time related to the service priority of the terminal, the time related to the service priority of the terminal, and the estimated value of the sum of the time for the terminal to perform random access estimated by the network device, and obtain the first a time.
  • the terminal may determine the first time according to the time estimated by the terminal when the terminal performs random access and the time related to the size of the traffic of the terminal. For example, the terminal can periodically count the time of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal in the history to obtain the estimated time of the terminal when the terminal performs random access; The estimated value of the time at which the terminal performs random access is estimated to obtain the first time.
  • the terminal may determine the first time according to the time estimated by the terminal when the terminal performs random access and the time related to the service priority of the terminal. For example, the terminal can periodically count the time of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal in the history to obtain the estimated time of the terminal to perform random access; the terminal can calculate the time related to the service priority of the terminal and The estimated value of the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the terminal is to obtain the first time.
  • the terminal may determine the first time according to the time related to the service priority of the terminal, the time related to the service priority of the terminal, and the time estimated by the terminal for the terminal to perform random access. For example, the terminal can periodically count the time of one or more random accesses performed by the terminal in the history to obtain the estimated time of the terminal when the terminal performs random access; the terminal can calculate the time related to the service priority of the terminal, The first time is obtained from the time related to the service priority of the terminal and the estimated value of the sum of the time at which the terminal performs random access estimated by the terminal.
  • the terminal may also determine the first time in other ways according to the actual application scenario, and the specific implementation of the terminal determining the first time is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of the first times may be one or more.
  • the first time may include one or more of the following: the first time corresponding to the terminal performing four-step random access, the first time corresponding to the terminal performing two-step random access, and the terminal performing two-step random access fallback To the first time corresponding to the four-step random access.
  • the terminal may further determine the first time according to the type of random access.
  • the terminal when the terminal itself calculates or receives the time corresponding to the two-step random access type, the terminal may further determine that the first time corresponding to performing the four-step random access may be for the terminal to perform the two-step random access. half of the entry time.
  • the terminal when the terminal itself calculates or receives the time corresponding to the four-step random access type, the terminal may further determine that the first time corresponding to performing the two-step random access can be used for the terminal to perform the four-step random access. twice as long as the entry time.
  • S1402 The terminal determines whether to initiate random access to the first satellite according to the first information and the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal.
  • the estimated coverage time of the first satellite coverage terminal may be determined by the terminal itself, or may be obtained by the terminal from a network device.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the acquisition method and calculation method of the coverage time.
  • the coverage time may be acquired by the terminal based on ephemeris.
  • the ephemeris may be received by the terminal from a network device.
  • the network device may send the ephemeris to the terminal; or, the network device may periodically send the ephemeris to the terminal, and the terminal may obtain the coverage time based on the ephemeris.
  • the ephemeris may be preset for the terminal. For example, when the terminal initiates random access with a fixed satellite, the terminal may preset the ephemeris included in the satellite, and the terminal may obtain the coverage time based on the ephemeris.
  • the ephemeris may be sent by the satellite to the terminal.
  • the satellite covering the terminal may send the ephemeris contained in the satellite to the terminal just before the terminal initiates random access, and the terminal may obtain the coverage time based on the ephemeris.
  • the coverage time may be obtained by the network device based on the ephemeris, and the network device sends the coverage time to the terminal.
  • the ephemeris may be preset for the network device. For example, when the terminal sends a random access request to the network device, the network device may obtain the coverage time based on the ephemeris, and the network device sends the coverage time to the terminal.
  • the network device receives the ephemeris sent from the satellite. For example, when the terminal sends a random access request to the network device, the network device receives the ephemeris from the satellite covering the terminal, the network device can obtain the coverage time based on the ephemeris, and the network device sends the coverage time to the terminal.
  • the terminal when the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal is greater than or equal to the first time, the terminal initiates random access to the first satellite. For example, when the estimated coverage time of the terminal covered by the first satellite is greater than or equal to the first time, the terminal in the RRC_IDLE state or the RRC_INACTIVE state can initiate four-step random access or two-step random access to the satellite, so that The terminal re-establishes or restores the RRC_CONNECTED state to ensure normal communication.
  • the terminal determines not to initiate random access.
  • the terminal when the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal is less than the first time, the terminal can initiate a satellite that covers the terminal next Random access, which means that the terminal determines not to initiate random access to the first satellite. For example, when the estimated coverage time of the terminal covered by the first satellite is shorter than the first time, the terminal in the RRC_IDLE state or the RRC_INACTIVE state can initiate a four-step random access or a two-step random access to the next satellite covering the terminal. Enter, so that the terminal re-establishes or restores the RRC_CONNECTED state to ensure normal communication.
  • the terminal can flexibly choose whether to initiate random access to the first satellite being covered according to the first time and the estimated time when the first satellite covers itself, so that the terminal can follow the estimated first satellite.
  • the coverage time covering the terminal is greater than or equal to the first time
  • the terminal initiates random access to the first satellite.
  • the terminal determines not to initiate random access. In the case where the estimated coverage time of the terminal covered by the first satellite is shorter than the first time, the terminal initiates random access to the next satellite covering itself. The number of interruptions in the random access process performed by the terminal can be effectively reduced.
  • determining the first information by the terminal in S1401 includes: the network device determining the first information, and the network device sending the first information to the terminal.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic diagram of a specific communication method.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 15 may include the following steps:
  • the network device determines first information, where the first information includes a first time.
  • the network device may calculate the estimated value of random access according to the time when each terminal performs random access and the type of random access performed by each terminal to obtain the first time.
  • the network device may calculate the total number of times that each terminal performs the four-step random access and the total time that each terminal performs the four-step random access. Further, the network device may calculate the total time divided by the total number of times to obtain the first time. .
  • the network device can calculate the total number of times that each terminal performs two-step random access and the total time that each terminal performs two-step random access. Further, the network device can calculate the total time divided by the total number of times to obtain the first time. .
  • the network device may calculate the total number of times that each terminal performs two-step random access fallback to four-step random access and the total time that each terminal performs two-step random access fallback to four-step random access, and further , the network device can calculate the total time divided by the total number of times to obtain the first time.
  • the network device may calculate the total time for each terminal to perform four-step random access, two-step random access, and the two-step random access fallback to four-step random access.
  • the total number of accesses further, the network device may calculate the total time divided by the total number of times to obtain the first time.
  • the network device may perform a weighted summation of the time when each terminal performs the four-step random access and the weight coefficient of each terminal to obtain the first time.
  • the network device may perform weighted summation of the time when each terminal performs the two-step random access and the weight coefficient of each terminal to obtain the first time by calculation.
  • the network device may perform weighted summation of the time when each terminal performs two-step random access back to four-step random access and the weight coefficient of the terminal to obtain the first time.
  • the network device may calculate the total time for each terminal to perform two-step random access, four-step random access, and two-step random access fallback to four-step random access, and the network device compares the total time with each terminal's random access.
  • the weight coefficients are weighted and summed, and the first time is calculated.
  • S1502 The network device sends the first information to the terminal.
  • S1503 The terminal determines whether to initiate random access to the first satellite according to the first information and the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal.
  • the specific implementation manner of the network device sending the first information to the terminal may be based on an actual application scenario, which is not limited herein.
  • S1501 and S1503 can be adapted to descriptions with reference to the content in S1401 and S1402, and details are not repeated here.
  • the network device determines the first information, and after the terminal receives the first information from the network device, if the estimated coverage time of the first satellite coverage of the terminal is greater than or equal to the first time, the terminal can send the first information to the first satellite.
  • the satellite initiates random access; or, when the estimated coverage time of the first satellite coverage terminal by the estimated satellite is less than the first time, the terminal determines not to initiate random access; or, when the estimated first satellite coverage time is When the coverage time of the terminal is less than the first time, the terminal initiates random access to the next satellite that covers itself, which means that the terminal does not initiate random access to the first satellite.
  • 16 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the application, including the following steps:
  • S1601 The network device sends third information to the terminal.
  • the third information includes one or more of the following: information used to instruct the terminal to record the time for performing random access, information used to indicate the type of random access performed by the terminal, or information used to instruct the terminal to perform random access.
  • the reason indicating the random access performed by the terminal is the information indicating the hopping; the third information may be carried in the random access report.
  • the manner in which the network device sends the third information to the terminal may be broadcast or unicast, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation manner of the network device sending the third information to the terminal.
  • S1602 The terminal records the second information according to the third information.
  • S1603 The terminal sends indication information for indicating the presence report to the network device.
  • the terminal may send indication information for indicating the presence report to the network device in the process of establishing the RRC_IDLE state to the RRC_CONNECTED state, or in the process of restoring the terminal from the RRC_INACTIVE state to the RRC_CONNECTED state.
  • the network device sends a message for requesting a report to the terminal.
  • the network device may send a message for requesting a report to the terminal according to network requirements.
  • the message may be a terminal information request message. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific sending manner of the message for requesting the report to be sent by the network device to the terminal.
  • S1605 The terminal sends the second information to the network device.
  • the second information includes information indicating the time at which the terminal performs random access, and may further include one or more of the following: the type of random access performed by the terminal or the information used to indicate the terminal
  • the reason for the random access performed is an indication of hopping
  • the second information may also include an index value obtained by quantizing the time at which the terminal performs random access, and the time information expressed by the index value may be specified by a network protocol, It may also be configured by the network device, and the index value may be a number or a character, and the network device may know the time when the terminal performs random access according to the number or the character.
  • the random access time can be 50ms, 100ms, and 150ms, which are represented by 1, 2, and 3 respectively.
  • the random access time of the UE is 40ms, it is closer to 50ms, so it is recorded as 50ms, or represented by 1.
  • the second information may be carried in the random access report.
  • the specific implementation manner of the terminal sending the second information to the network device may be based on an actual application scenario, which is not limited herein.
  • S1606 The network device optimizes random access channel parameters and/or network deployment according to the second information.
  • S1603 and S1604 are optional steps.
  • the terminal may send the second information to the network device. For example, it may periodically record and send the second information to the network device. Based on the second information, random access channel parameters and/or network device deployment are optimized.
  • the network device may periodically count the total time that each terminal performs random access and the total number of times that each terminal performs random access, and the network device divides the total time by the total number of times to calculate that the terminal performs random access.
  • the estimated value of the random access the network device can optimize the random access channel parameters according to the estimated value of the random access.
  • the network device may send random access to the network device next time. After the access request, increase the number and/or interval of the access time slots of the random access channel.
  • the network device may optimize network deployment according to the indication used to indicate that the reason for random access is hopping.
  • the network device can redeploy the physical location of the network device to ensure that the satellite acts as a relay station when the satellite is used as a relay station. , the communication time between the terminal and the network device increases; or, multiple network devices can send signals to the terminal uninterrupted to ensure that the terminal can communicate with the network device at any time.
  • the terminal after receiving the third information from the network device, the terminal can record the second information, and the network device can optimize the random access channel parameters and/or network deployment according to the second information, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the random access process of the terminal. Finish.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a specific communication method. The corresponding steps in the embodiment of FIG. 17 can be adapted for description with reference to the content of FIG. 15 or FIG. 16 , and details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, including the following steps:
  • the core network element determines the first information.
  • the core network element may determine the first information according to the information related to random access execution of multiple terminals received from the network device. For example, the network element of the core network may determine the first information in the manner in which the network device determines the first information in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation manner in which the core network element determines the first information.
  • the core network element may include any one of the following: a network data analysis function (network data analytics function, NWDAF) network element, an authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network element, and a policy control function.
  • NWDAF network data analytics function
  • AUSF authentication server function
  • policy control function PCF
  • application function application function, AF
  • unified data management function unified data management, UDM
  • network slice selection function network slice selection function, NSSF
  • NEF network element function
  • NWDAF network data analysis function
  • PCF policy control function
  • the core network element sends the first information to the network device.
  • S1803 The network device sends the first information to the terminal.
  • S1804 The terminal determines whether to initiate random access to the first satellite according to the first information and the estimated coverage time of the first satellite covering the terminal.
  • the specific implementation manner for the core network element to send the first information to the network device may be based on an actual application scenario, and details are not described herein again.
  • the content corresponding to S1804 may be adapted for description with reference to the content of S1402 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 14 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the terminal after the terminal receives the first information from the core network device, when the estimated coverage time of the terminal covered by the first satellite is greater than or equal to the first time, the terminal can initiate random access to the first satellite; Or, when the estimated coverage time of the first satellite coverage terminal estimated by the satellite is less than the first time, the terminal determines not to initiate random access; or, when the estimated coverage time of the first satellite coverage terminal is less than the first time. In the case of a short time, the terminal initiates random access to the next satellite covering itself, which means that the terminal does not initiate random access to the first satellite.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus may be a terminal or a network device, or may be a chip applied in a terminal or a network device.
  • the communication device includes: a processing unit 191 and a communication unit 192 .
  • the communication unit 192 is configured to support the communication device to perform the steps of sending or receiving information
  • the processing unit 191 is configured to support the communication device to perform the steps of information processing.
  • the communication unit 192 is used to support the communication device to perform S1502 or S1603 in the above embodiment, and the processing unit 191 is used to support the communication device S1401 or S1503 in the above embodiment is performed.
  • the communication unit 192 is used to support the communication device to perform S1601 or S1604 in the above embodiment, and the processing unit 151 is used to The supporting communication apparatus executes S1501 in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the communication apparatus may further include: a storage unit 193 .
  • the processing unit 191, the communication unit 192, and the storage unit 193 are connected through a communication line.
  • the storage unit 193 may include one or more memories, and the memories may be devices in one or more devices or circuits for storing programs or data.
  • the storage unit 193 may exist independently, and is connected to the processing unit 151 of the communication device through a communication line.
  • the storage unit 193 may also be integrated with the processing unit.
  • the communication apparatus may be used in a communication device, circuit, hardware component or chip.
  • the communication unit 192 may be an input or output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like.
  • the storage unit 193 may store computer execution instructions of the method on the terminal or network device side, so that the processing unit 191 executes the method on the terminal or network device side in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the storage unit 193 may be a register, a cache or a RAM, etc., and the storage unit 193 may be integrated with the processing unit 191 .
  • the storage unit 193 may be a ROM or other types of static storage devices that may store static information and instructions, and the storage unit 193 may be independent of the processing unit 191 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, where the communication device includes one or more modules for implementing the method in the steps included in the foregoing FIG. 14 to FIG. 18 , and the one or more modules may be the same as the foregoing FIG. 14 -
  • the steps of the method in the steps contained in Figure 18 correspond.
  • the terminal in the embodiment of the present application there is a unit or module in the terminal that performs each step in the method.
  • a unit or module for performing each step in the method exists in the network device.
  • a module that controls or processes the actions of the communication device may be referred to as a processing module.
  • a module that performs the steps of processing messages or data on the side of the communication device may be referred to as a communication module.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device includes a processor 201, a communication line 204 and at least one communication interface (exemplarily shown in FIG.
  • the communication interface 203 is described as an example).
  • the processor 201 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more processors for controlling the execution of the programs of the present application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • Communication lines 204 may include circuitry that communicates information between the aforementioned components.
  • the communication interface 203 using any device such as a transceiver, is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, wireless local area networks (WLAN), RAN, and the like.
  • devices or communication networks such as Ethernet, wireless local area networks (WLAN), RAN, and the like.
  • the communication device may also include a memory 202 .
  • the memory 202 may be read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of static storage device that can store information and instructions It can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, CD-ROM storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and capable of being executed by a computer Access any other medium without limitation.
  • the memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor through communication line 204 .
  • the memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 202 is used for storing computer-executed instructions for executing the solutions of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 201 .
  • the processor 201 is configured to execute the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory 202, thereby implementing the policy control method provided by the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executed instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 20 .
  • the communication device may include multiple processors, such as the processor 201 and the processor 205 in FIG. 20 .
  • processors can be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor.
  • a processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal may be applicable to the system shown in any one of FIGS. 1-5 or 11-13, and execute the functions of the terminal in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • FIG. 21 only shows the main components of the terminal.
  • the terminal 2100 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and an input and output device.
  • the processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire terminal, execute software programs, and process data of the software programs, for example, to support the terminal to perform the actions described in the above method embodiments.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the control circuit is mainly used for the conversion of the baseband signal and the radio frequency signal and the processing of the radio frequency signal.
  • the control circuit together with the antenna can also be called a transceiver, which is mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.
  • the processor can read the software program in the memory, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and sends the radio frequency signal through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, which converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • FIG. 21 only shows one memory and one processor. In an actual terminal, there may be multiple processors and multiple memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device or the like.
  • the memory may be a storage element on the same chip as the processor, that is, an on-chip storage element, or an independent storage element, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit is mainly used to control the entire terminal, execute A software program that processes data from the software program.
  • the processor in FIG. 21 may integrate the functions of the baseband processor and the central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor and the central processing unit may also be independent processors, interconnected by technologies such as buses.
  • a terminal may include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, a terminal may include multiple central processors to enhance its processing capability, and various components of the terminal may be connected through various buses.
  • the baseband processor may also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip.
  • the central processing unit can also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip.
  • the function of processing the communication protocol and communication data may be built in the processor, or may be stored in the memory in the form of a software program, and the processor executes the software program to realize the baseband processing function.
  • an antenna and a control circuit with a transceiving function may be regarded as a transceiving unit 2101 of the terminal 2100, for example, used to support the terminal to perform a receiving function and a transmitting function.
  • the processor 2102 having the processing function is regarded as the processing unit 2102 of the terminal 2100 .
  • the terminal 2100 includes a transceiver unit 2101 and a processing unit 2102 .
  • the transceiving unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiving device, or the like.
  • the device used for realizing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 2101 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device used for realizing the sending function in the transceiver unit 2101 may be regarded as a sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit 2101 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit,
  • the receiving unit may also be called a receiver, an input port, a receiving circuit, etc.
  • the sending unit may be called a transmitter, a transmitter or a transmitting circuit, and the like.
  • the processor 2102 may be configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory, so as to control the transceiver unit 2101 to receive signals and/or send signals, so as to complete the functions of the terminal in the above method embodiments.
  • the processor 2102 also includes an interface for implementing signal input/output functions.
  • the function of the transceiver unit 2101 can be considered to be implemented by a transceiver circuit or a dedicated chip for transceiver.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application, such as a schematic structural diagram of a base station.
  • the base station can be applied to the system shown in any one of FIGS. 1-5 or 11-13 to perform the functions of the network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • Base station 2200 may include one or more DUs 2201 and one or more CUs 2202.
  • CU2202 can communicate with NG core (Next Generation Core Network, NC) or EPC.
  • the DU 2201 may include at least one antenna 22011 , at least one radio frequency unit 22012 , at least one processor 22013 and at least one memory 22014 .
  • the DU 2201 part is mainly used for the transceiver of radio frequency signals, the conversion of radio frequency signals and baseband signals, and part of baseband processing.
  • the CU 2202 may include at least one processor 22022 and at least one memory 22021.
  • the CU2202 and the DU2201 can communicate through interfaces, wherein the control plane interface can be Fs-C, such as F1-C, and the user plan interface can be Fs-U, such as F1-U.
  • the CU 2202 part is mainly used to perform baseband processing, control the base station, and the like.
  • the DU 2201 and the CU 2202 may be physically set together, or may be physically separated, that is, a distributed base station.
  • the CU2202 is the control center of the base station, which may also be called a processing unit, and is mainly used to complete the baseband processing function.
  • the CU 2202 may be used to control the base station to perform the operation procedures related to the network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the baseband processing on the CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol layers of the wireless network.
  • the functions of the PDCP layer and the above protocol layers are set in the CU, and the protocol layers below PDCP, such as the functions of the RLC layer, the MAC layer, and the PHY layer, etc. Set in DU.
  • the base station 2200 may include one or more radio frequency units (RUs), one or more DUs and one or more CUs.
  • the DU may include at least one processor 22013 and at least one memory 22014
  • the RU may include at least one antenna 22011 and at least one radio frequency unit 22012
  • the CU may include at least one processor 22022 and at least one memory 22021.
  • the CU2202 may be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards may jointly support a wireless access network (such as a 5G network) with a single access indication, or may respectively support wireless access systems of different access standards.
  • Access network (such as LTE network, 5G network or other network).
  • the memory 22021 and the processor 22022 can serve one or more single boards. That is to say, the memory and processor can be provided separately on each single board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits may also be provided on each single board.
  • the DU2201 can be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards can jointly support a wireless access network (such as a 5G network) with a single access indication, or can support a wireless access network with different access standards (such as a 5G network). LTE network, 5G network or other network).
  • the memory 22014 and processor 22013 may serve one or more single boards. That is to say, the memory and processor can be provided separately on each single board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits may also be provided on each single board.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 230 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 230 includes one or more (including two) processors 2310 and a communication interface 2330 .
  • the chip 230 further includes a memory 2340, and the memory 2340 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides operation instructions and data to the processor 2310.
  • a portion of memory 2340 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • the memory 2340 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or their subsets, or their extended sets:
  • the corresponding operation is performed by invoking the operation instruction stored in the memory 2340 (the operation instruction may be stored in the operating system).
  • the structure of the chip used by the terminal or the network device is similar, and different devices may use different chips to realize their respective functions.
  • the processor 2310 controls the operation of the terminal or the network device, and the processor 2310 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU).
  • Memory 2340 may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to processor 2310.
  • a portion of memory 2340 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • the application memory 2340, the communication interface 2330, and the memory 2340 are coupled together by a connection circuit 2320, wherein the circuit 2320 may include one or more of a data circuit, a power circuit, a control circuit, and a status signal circuit.
  • connection circuits 2320 may include one or more of a data circuit, a power circuit, a control circuit, and a status signal circuit.
  • connection circuits 2320 for clarity of illustration, the various lines are labeled as connection circuits 2320 in FIG. 23 .
  • the above communication unit may be an interface circuit or a communication interface of the device for receiving signals from other devices.
  • the communication unit is an interface circuit or a communication interface used by the chip to receive or transmit signals from other chips or devices.
  • the methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present application may be applied to the processor 2310 or implemented by the processor 2310 .
  • the processor 2310 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the above-mentioned method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 2310 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor 2310 can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (digital signal processing, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA) or Other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software modules may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other storage media mature in the art.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 2340, and the processor 2310 reads the information in the memory 2340, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the communication interface 2330 is used to perform the steps of receiving and sending the terminal or network device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 14-18 .
  • the processor 2310 is configured to execute the processing steps of the terminal or the network device in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 14-18 .
  • the instructions stored by the memory for execution by the processor may be implemented in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product can be pre-written in the memory, or downloaded and installed in the memory in the form of software.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the procedures or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • Computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, computer, server, or data center over a wire (e.g. coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means to transmit to another website site, computer, server or data center.
  • a wire e.g. coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)
  • wireless e.g infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes one or more available media integrated.
  • Useful media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (eg, digital versatile disc (DVD)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disk (SSD)), etc. .
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the methods described in the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media can include both computer storage media and communication media and also include any medium that can transfer a computer program from one place to another.
  • the storage medium can be any target medium that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the computer readable medium may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium intended to carry or in an instruction or data structure
  • the required program code is stored in the form and can be accessed by the computer.
  • any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium.
  • coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave
  • coaxial cable, fiber optic cable , twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwave
  • Disk and disc includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, DVD, floppy disk, and blu-ray disc, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product.
  • the methods described in the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the above-mentioned computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the above-mentioned method embodiments are generated.
  • the aforementioned computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a base station, a terminal, or other programmable devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Des modes de réalisation de la présente demande concernent un procédé et un appareil de communication, ledit procédé consistant : à déterminer par un terminal, des premières informations, les premières informations comprenant un premier temps, le premier temps étant supérieur ou égal à un temps prédit pour que le terminal effectue un accès aléatoire ; à réaliser par le terminal, l'un des éléments suivants : le terminal initie un accès aléatoire à un premier satellite, le temps de couverture prédit pendant lequel le premier satellite couvre le terminal étant supérieur ou égal au premier temps ; ou, à ne pas déterminer par le terminal, d'initier un accès aléatoire, le temps de couverture prédit pendant lequel le premier satellite couvre le terminal étant inférieur au premier instant ; ou, à déterminer par le terminal, de ne pas initier un accès aléatoire au premier satellite et à initier un accès aléatoire à un satellite suivant couvrant le terminal, le temps de couverture prédit pendant lequel le premier satellite couvre le terminal étant inférieur au premier temps.
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