WO2022082706A1 - Conception d'un espace de détection pour détection sans fil - Google Patents

Conception d'un espace de détection pour détection sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022082706A1
WO2022082706A1 PCT/CN2020/123139 CN2020123139W WO2022082706A1 WO 2022082706 A1 WO2022082706 A1 WO 2022082706A1 CN 2020123139 W CN2020123139 W CN 2020123139W WO 2022082706 A1 WO2022082706 A1 WO 2022082706A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensing
time resources
receive
waveforms
base station
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PCT/CN2020/123139
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English (en)
Inventor
Peng Cheng
Hao Xu
Chao Wei
Juan Zhang
Qiaoyu Li
Jing Dai
Min Huang
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Qualcomm Incorporated
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/123139 priority Critical patent/WO2022082706A1/fr
Publication of WO2022082706A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022082706A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/50—Service provisioning or reconfiguring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/22—Processing or transfer of terminal data, e.g. status or physical capabilities
    • H04W8/24—Transfer of terminal data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/005—Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals

Definitions

  • the following relates to wireless communications, including design of sensing gap for wireless sensing.
  • Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) .
  • Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems.
  • 4G systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems
  • 5G systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems.
  • a wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each simultaneously supporting communication for multiple communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) .
  • UE user equipment
  • the described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support design of sensing gap for wireless sensing.
  • the described techniques provide various mechanisms to define a sensing time duration (e.g., a sensing gap) to be used for sensing operations by wireless devices within a wireless communication system.
  • a user equipment UE
  • the sensing time duration may be based on a new radio (NR) measurement gap configured by the base station, with some enhancements.
  • the UE may then utilize time resources of the NR measurement gap as the sensing time duration to perform sensing operations.
  • NR new radio
  • the sensing time duration may correspond to periodic, aperiodic, and/or semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) /configured grant (CG) resources.
  • the UE may autonomously identify the sensing time duration. For example, the UE may use discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle idle periods for sensing operations. As another example, the UE may simply discard/ignore scheduled communications and, instead, use those time resources for sensing operations. Accordingly, the described techniques provide various mechanisms where the wireless devices in the network (e.g., UEs and/or base stations) are provided with time resources allocated or otherwise repurposed for sensing operations.
  • a method of wireless communication at UE may include transmitting, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, receiving, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE, and determining object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory.
  • the instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE, and determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the apparatus may include means for transmitting, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, receiving, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE, and determining object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at UE is described.
  • the code may include instructions executable by a processor to transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE, and determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the base station, a configuration signal indicating a set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of periodic time resources.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a UE assistance information requesting an updated set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, and receiving a second configuration signal indicating the updated set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one more sensing waveforms.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for identifying a sensing type associated with the UE performing sensing of objects, and selecting the updated set of periodic time resources based on the sensing type.
  • the configuration signal indicates at least one of a length of each periodic time resource in the set of periodic time resources, a periodicity of the set of periodic time resources, or both.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the base station, a configuration signal indicating a set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of aperiodic time resources.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a UE assistance information requesting an updated set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, and receiving a second configuration signal indicating the updated set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one more sensing waveforms.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for identifying a sensing type associated with the UE performing sensing of objects, and selecting the updated set of aperiodic time resources based on the sensing type.
  • the configuration signal indicates at least one of a length of each aperiodic time resource in the set of aperiodic time resources, a duration of the set of aperiodic time resources, or both.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the base station, a configuration signal indicating a set of semi-persistent time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, and receiving an activation signal activating a semi-persistent time resource, the sensing time duration including activated semi-persistent time resource.
  • the configuration signal includes a radio resource control (RRC) signal and the activation signal includes at least one of a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) , a downlink control information (DCI) , or both.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the activation signal includes at least one of a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) , a downlink control information (DCI) , or both.
  • MAC medium access control
  • CE control element
  • DCI downlink control information
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining, autonomously by the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a set of idle periods of a DRX cycle configured for the UE, and performing, while the UE may be operating in an idle state, an inactive state, or both, of a DRX mode according to the DRX cycle, the sensing of the objects during one or more idle periods of the set of idle periods, where the sensing time duration includes the one or more idle periods.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that the UE may be scheduled to perform communications using a set of communication time resources, and performing, autonomously by the UE and based on the capability of the UE, the sensing of the objects during at least a portion of the set of communication time resources the sensing time duration during which to perform sensing of the object, where receiving the waveforms during time resources previously configured by the base station for communications with the UE.
  • a method of wireless communication at a base station may include receiving, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, determining, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration, and transmitting, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory.
  • the instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, determine, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration, and transmit, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the apparatus may include means for receiving, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, determining, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration, and transmitting, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described.
  • the code may include instructions executable by a processor to receive, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, determine, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration, and transmit, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the configuration signal to the UE indicating a set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of periodic time resources.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the UE, a UE assistance information requesting an updated set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, and transmitting a second configuration signal to the UE indicating the updated set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one more sensing waveforms.
  • the configuration signal indicates at least one of a length of each periodic time resource in the set of periodic time resources, a periodicity of the set of periodic time resources, or both.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the configuration signal to the UE indicating a set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of aperiodic time resources.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the UE, a UE assistance information requesting an updated set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, and transmitting a second configuration signal to the UE indicating the updated set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one more sensing waveforms.
  • the configuration signal indicates at least one of a length of each aperiodic time resource in the set of aperiodic time resources, a duration of the set of aperiodic time resources, or both.
  • Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the configuration signal to the UE indicating a set of semi-persistent time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, and transmitting an activation signal to the UE activating a semi-persistent time resource, the sensing time duration including activated semi-persistent time resource.
  • the configuration signal includes a RRC signal and the activation signal includes at least one of a MAC CE, a DCI, or both.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a system for wireless communications that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a process that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a process that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a process that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a process that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIGs. 7 and 8 show block diagrams of devices that support design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIGs. 11 and 12 show block diagrams of devices that support design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIGs. 15 through 19 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • Wireless sensing is expected to be a significant component of wireless communication systems.
  • sensing operations currently are not generally addressed in such wireless networks.
  • current wireless networks may not provide a mechanism, resources, etc., that can be used to support sensing operations by wireless devices within the wireless network.
  • configuring resources for a user equipment (UE) to use for sensing is ad hoc in nature, and left up to implementation. This results in no dedicated resources, no configurations, or neither, being allocated to support sensing operations.
  • a sensing time duration e.g., a sensing gap
  • a UE may indicate its capability (e.g., in a UE capability message) to support sensing operations to a base station during a sensing time duration (e.g., the sensing gap) .
  • the sensing time duration may be based on a new radio (NR) measurement gap configured by the base station, with some enhancements. The UE may then utilize time resources of the NR measurement gap as the sensing time duration to perform sensing operations.
  • NR new radio
  • the sensing time duration may correspond to periodic, aperiodic, and/or SPS/CG resources.
  • the UE may autonomously identify the sensing time duration. For example, the UE may use discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle idle periods for sensing operations. As another example, the UE may simply discard/ignore scheduled communications and, instead, use those time resources for sensing operations. Accordingly, the described techniques provide various mechanisms where the wireless devices in the network (e.g., UEs and/or base stations) are provided with time resources allocated or otherwise repurposed for sensing operations.
  • DRX discontinuous reception
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • LTE-A Pro LTE-A Pro
  • NR New Radio
  • the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission critical) communications, low latency communications, communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.
  • ultra-reliable e.g., mission critical
  • the base stations 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100 and may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities.
  • the base stations 105 and the UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125.
  • Each base station 105 may provide a coverage area 110 over which the UEs 115 and the base station 105 may establish one or more communication links 125.
  • the coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a base station 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies.
  • the UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times.
  • the UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, the base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1.
  • network equipment e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment
  • the base stations 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with one another, or both.
  • the base stations 105 may interface with the core network 130 through one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or other interface) .
  • the base stations 105 may communicate with one another over the backhaul links 120 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or other interface) either directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) , or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) , or both.
  • the backhaul links 120 may be or include one or more wireless links.
  • One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by a person having ordinary skill in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology.
  • a base transceiver station a radio base station
  • an access point a radio transceiver
  • a NodeB an eNodeB (eNB)
  • eNB eNodeB
  • a next-generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB either of which may be referred to as a gNB
  • gNB giga-NodeB
  • a UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples.
  • a UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples.
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • IoE Internet of Everything
  • MTC machine type communications
  • the UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays as well as the base stations 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • devices such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays as well as the base stations 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the UEs 115 and the base stations 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links 125 over one or more carriers.
  • the term “carrier” may refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication links 125.
  • a carrier used for a communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) .
  • BWP bandwidth part
  • Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation.
  • a UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration.
  • Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers.
  • FDD frequency division duplexing
  • TDD time division duplexing
  • a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers.
  • a carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute radio frequency channel number (EARFCN) ) and may be positioned according to a channel raster for discovery by the UEs 115.
  • E-UTRA evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access
  • a carrier may be operated in a standalone mode where initial acquisition and connection may be conducted by the UEs 115 via the carrier, or the carrier may be operated in a non-standalone mode where a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different radio access technology) .
  • the communication links 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmissions from a UE 115 to a base station 105, or downlink transmissions from a base station 105 to a UE 115.
  • Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode) .
  • a carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communication system 100.
  • the carrier bandwidth may be one of a number of determined bandwidths for carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz) ) .
  • Devices of the wireless communication system 100 e.g., the base stations 105, the UEs 115, or both
  • the wireless communication system 100 may include base stations 105 or UEs 115 that support simultaneous communications via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths.
  • each served UE 115 may be configured for operating over portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.
  • Signal waveforms transmitted over a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) .
  • MCM multi-carrier modulation
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • DFT-S-OFDM discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM
  • a resource element may consist of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related.
  • the number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) .
  • a wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of a radio frequency spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., spatial layers or beams) , and the use of multiple spatial layers may further increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
  • One or more numerologies for a carrier may be supported, where a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing ( ⁇ f) and a cyclic prefix.
  • a carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different numerologies.
  • a UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs.
  • a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time and communications for the UE 115 may be restricted to one or more active BWPs.
  • Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) .
  • Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
  • SFN system frame number
  • Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration.
  • a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of slots.
  • each frame may include a variable number of slots, and the number of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing.
  • Each slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) .
  • a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N f ) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
  • a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) .
  • TTI duration e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI
  • the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
  • Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques.
  • a physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques.
  • a control region e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)
  • CORESET control resource set
  • a control region for a physical control channel may be defined by a number of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier.
  • One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115.
  • one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner.
  • An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to a number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size.
  • Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a specific UE 115.
  • Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, for example a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof.
  • the term “cell” may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a base station 105 (e.g., over a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID) , a virtual cell identifier (VCID) , or others) .
  • a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of a geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over which the logical communication entity operates.
  • Such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., a structure, a subset of structure) to larger areas depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the base station 105.
  • a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or exterior spaces between or overlapping with geographic coverage areas 110, among other examples.
  • a macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider supporting the macro cell.
  • a small cell may be associated with a lower-powered base station 105, as compared with a macro cell, and a small cell may operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells.
  • Small cells may provide unrestricted access to the UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider or may provide restricted access to the UEs 115 having an association with the small cell (e.g., the UEs 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) , the UEs 115 associated with users in a home or office) .
  • a base station 105 may support one or multiple cells and may also support communications over the one or more cells using one or multiple component carriers.
  • a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) , enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) ) that may provide access for different types of devices.
  • protocol types e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) , enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)
  • NB-IoT narrowband IoT
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • a base station 105 may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving geographic coverage area 110.
  • different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105.
  • the overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation.
  • the base stations 105 may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may be approximately aligned in time.
  • the base stations 105 may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may, in some examples, not be aligned in time.
  • the techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operations.
  • Some UEs 115 may be low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication) .
  • M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a base station 105 without human intervention.
  • M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that makes use of the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program.
  • Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.
  • Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception simultaneously) .
  • half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate.
  • Other power conservation techniques for the UEs 115 include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating over a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications) , or a combination of these techniques.
  • some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) ) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.
  • a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) ) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) or mission critical communications.
  • the UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions (e.g., mission critical functions) .
  • Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more mission critical services such as mission critical push-to-talk (MCPTT) , mission critical video (MCVideo) , or mission critical data (MCData) .
  • MCPTT mission critical push-to-talk
  • MCVideo mission critical video
  • MCData mission critical data
  • Support for mission critical functions may include prioritization of services, and mission critical services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications.
  • the terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
  • a UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol) .
  • D2D device-to-device
  • P2P peer-to-peer
  • One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communications may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105.
  • Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105 or be otherwise unable to receive transmissions from a base station 105.
  • groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may utilize a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group.
  • a base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In other cases, D2D communications are carried out between the UEs 115 without the involvement of a base station 105.
  • the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel, such as a sidelink communication channel, between vehicles (e.g., UEs 115) .
  • vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, or some combination of these.
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • a vehicle may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to a V2X system.
  • vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure, such as roadside units, or with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., base stations 105) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, or with both.
  • V2N vehicle-to-network
  • the core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions.
  • the core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) .
  • EPC evolved packet core
  • 5GC 5G core
  • MME mobility management entity
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • S-GW serving gateway
  • PDN Packet Data Network gateway
  • UPF user plane function
  • the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the base stations 105 associated with the core network 130.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions.
  • the user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators.
  • the IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
  • Some of the network devices may include subcomponents such as an access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) .
  • Each access network entity 140 may communicate with the UEs 115 through one or more other access network transmission entities 145, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission/reception points (TRPs) .
  • Each access network transmission entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels.
  • various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., a base station 105) .
  • the wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) .
  • the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length.
  • UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors.
  • the transmission of UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to transmission using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
  • HF high frequency
  • VHF very high frequency
  • the wireless communication system 100 may also operate in a super high frequency (SHF) region using frequency bands from 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter band, or in an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) , also known as the millimeter band.
  • SHF super high frequency
  • EHF extremely high frequency
  • the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UEs 115 and the base stations 105, and EHF antennas of the respective devices may be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this may facilitate use of antenna arrays within a device.
  • mmW millimeter wave
  • the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions.
  • the techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions that use one or more different frequency regions, and designated use of bands across these frequency regions may differ by country or regulating body.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band.
  • LAA License Assisted Access
  • LTE-U LTE-Unlicensed
  • NR NR technology
  • an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band.
  • devices such as the base stations 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance.
  • operations in unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating in a licensed band (e.g., LAA) .
  • Operations in unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
  • a base station 105 or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming.
  • the antennas of a base station 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming.
  • one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower.
  • antennas or antenna arrays associated with a base station 105 may be located in diverse geographic locations.
  • a base station 105 may have an antenna array with a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115.
  • a UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations.
  • an antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
  • the base stations 105 or the UEs 115 may use MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase the spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing.
  • the multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by the receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas.
  • Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords) .
  • Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting.
  • MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) , where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) , where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.
  • SU-MIMO single-user MIMO
  • Beamforming which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a base station 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device.
  • Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating at particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference.
  • the adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device.
  • the adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
  • a base station 105 or a UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beam forming operations.
  • a base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115.
  • Some signals e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals
  • the base station 105 may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission.
  • Transmissions in different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a base station 105, or by a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the base station 105.
  • a transmitting device such as a base station 105
  • a receiving device such as a UE 115
  • Some signals may be transmitted by a base station 105 in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as a UE 115) .
  • the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted in one or more beam directions.
  • a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the base station 105 in different directions and may report to the base station 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.
  • transmissions by a device may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a base station 105 to a UE 115) .
  • the UE 115 may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured number of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands.
  • the base station 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) ) , which may be precoded or unprecoded.
  • a reference signal e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)
  • CRS cell-specific reference signal
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • the UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook) .
  • PMI precoding matrix indicator
  • codebook-based feedback e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook
  • a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal in a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device) .
  • a receiving device may try multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from the base station 105, such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals.
  • receive configurations e.g., directional listening
  • a receiving device may try multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions.
  • receive beamforming weight sets e.g., different directional listening weight sets
  • a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal) .
  • the single receive configuration may be aligned in a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) , or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions) .
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • the wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack.
  • communications at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based.
  • a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate over logical channels.
  • RLC Radio Link Control
  • a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels.
  • the MAC layer may also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency.
  • the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a base station 105 or a core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • transport channels may be mapped to physical channels.
  • the UEs 115 and the base stations 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully.
  • Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly over a communication link 125.
  • HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ) , forward error correction (FEC) , and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ) ) .
  • FEC forward error correction
  • ARQ automatic repeat request
  • HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions) .
  • a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, where the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received in a previous symbol in the slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.
  • a UE 115 may transmit, to a base station 105, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE 115 to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE 115 in a sensing time duration.
  • the UE 115 may monitor, during the sensing time duration, for one or more sensing waveforms reflected off of one or more sensed objects based at least in part on the capability of the UE 115.
  • the UE 115 may receive the one or more sensing waveforms in the sensing time duration.
  • the UE 115 may determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based at least in part on the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • a base station 105 may receive, from a UE 115, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE 115 to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE 115 in a sensing time duration.
  • the base station 105 may determine, based at least in part on the capability of the UE 115, a set of time resources comprising the sensing time duration.
  • the base station 105 may transmit, to the UE 115 and based at least in part on the capability of the UE 115, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE 115 to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.
  • Wireless communication system 200 may include base station 205, UE 210, UE 215, UE 220, UE 225, and/or UE 230, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described herein.
  • Radio frequency (RF) sensing applications may provide valuable information.
  • Example RF sensing applications include, but are not limited to, health monitoring (e.g., heartbeat detection/tracking, respiration rate monitoring, etc. ) , contextual information acquisition (e.g., location detection/tracking, direction finding, range tracking, etc. ) , automotive RADAR (e.g., smart cruise control, collision avoidance, etc. ) , and the like.
  • RF sensing applications may be on the centimeter scale (e.g., sensing human activity, such as gesture recognition) , for moving object detection (e.g., vehicle/pedestrian detection in a C-V2X network) , and the like.
  • RF sensing applications in a NR radio frequency spectrum band may provide wider bandwidth for a higher frequency band (e.g., greater than 52 GHz) .
  • RF sensing applications using NR hardware may also be beneficial due to massive antenna arrays/configurations, enhanced RF capabilities (e.g., beamforming techniques, multiple transmit receive chains, etc. ) , and the like.
  • RF sensing applications may be performed according to different scenarios.
  • the RF sensing applications may be implemented alone by the UEs within the wireless network (e.g., such as UE 230 using RF sensing applications to detect and quantify gesture recognition) .
  • Another scenario may include one or more base stations (such as implemented in a road-side unit (RSU) ) within a V2X network) performing RF sensing (e.g., detecting/quantifying vehicles/pedestrians) .
  • RSU road-side unit
  • Another scenario may include multiple UEs (such as UE 215, UE 220, and/or UE 225) detecting/quantifying vehicles/pedestrians.
  • RF sensing applications may include wireless devices supporting RF sensing alone (e.g., stand-alone sensing, such as gesture recognition) and/or RF sensing plus data transmissions (e.g., applications within a V2X network) .
  • higher frequencies may provide a higher bandwidth and larger aperture to extract accurate range/doppler/angle information for the environment imaging using RF sensing applications.
  • Such higher frequencies may provide such features in a compact form factor, which would be applicable for mobile devices, such as UEs.
  • This may lead to a handheld radar detection and ranging (RADAR) and/or light detection and ranging (LIDAR) devices becoming prevalent in some innovation applications.
  • some devices may use the dedicated radar sensor (s) (e.g., Google’s Soli RADAR chip) for gesture classification.
  • a radar short range device for in-car-based control e.g., Texas Instrument’s short range RADAR
  • the first block may correspond to the sensing waveform (e.g., a sensing chip sends RADAR signals with a pre-defined waveform, such as a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) waveform, a pulse waveform, etc. ) , which may also be considered the sensing waveforms.
  • the second block may correspond to RADAR signal processing (RSP) techniques (e.g., the reflected signals (Rx) are correlated with transmitted (Tx) signals to determine the range, doppler, angle information, etc. ) , which may correspond to receiving the sensing waveforms where such range, doppler, angle information, etc., are determined.
  • the third block may correspond to machine learning (e.g., the classification, regression and artificial intelligent (AI) agent for the designed actions) , which may correspond to determining object parameter information for object (s) based on the reflected sensing waveforms.
  • AI artificial intelligent
  • aspects of the RF signal transmission (e.g., sensing waveforms) and the RF signal reflected off of the object as received by the wireless node may constitute RF signal metrics associated with the object.
  • transmit timing, transmit frequency, transmit power, transmit direction e.g., angle of departure (AoD) , location/position of the transmitter, speed of the transmitter, direction of travel of the transmitter, and the like, may constitute at least a portion of the RF signal metrics associated with the object.
  • receive timing, receive frequency, receive power, receive direction e.g., angle of arrival (AoA) , location of the receiver, speed of the receiver, direction of travel of the receiver, and the like, may constitute another portion of the RF signal metrics associated with the object.
  • the RF signal metrics associated with an object may be utilized, processed, etc., to determine various properties of the object (e.g., object parameter information) .
  • properties may include, but are not limited to, the location of the object, the size of the object, the shape of the object, the characteristics of the object, movement of the object, speed of the object, direction of travel of the object, and the like.
  • Some examples of the characteristics of the object include, but are not limited to, movement of at least a portion of the object, orientation of the object, changes with respect to some portion (s) or all of the object, and the like.
  • RF sensing applications may be downlink waveform based sensing, e.g., AP sensing.
  • the AP may configure the downlink signals for sensing (e.g., configure one or more sensing waveforms) .
  • the AP may use the RF sensing application to image the environment, localize gamers in a virtual reality (VR) setting, etc. Additionally, the AP may communicate with the gamers for data transmission.
  • RF sensing applications may be uplink waveform based sensing, e.g., UE sensing.
  • the UE may transmit the sensing signal (e.g., the one or more sensing waveforms) .
  • the sensing signals may be used by the UE for sensing facial interactions, gestures, etc.
  • the RF sensing application may be sidelink based sensing, e.g., vehicle sensing in a V2X network.
  • a UE e.g., a vehicle-based UE, such as UE 215 and/or UE 220
  • transmits the sensing signal e.g., the sensing waveforms
  • the UE may also communicate with the other wireless nodes, e.g., for data transmission in the V2X network.
  • the lack of support for such RF sensing may eliminate the ability to leverage a deployed cellular wireless communication system to support cooperative sensing and positioning. That is, wireless communication systems are currently not equipped to support RF sensing techniques. This may limit the ability to develop mapping information (e.g., an environmental picture, a 3D map, tracking information within a factory setting, situational awareness information for the vehicle-based wireless communication system, etc. ) . This may lead to reduced optimizations within a wireless communication system due to unknown objects interfering with wireless communications, obstructing movement of wireless nodes, and the like. This may also eliminate the ability to identify, track, or otherwise monitor object (s) proximate to wireless nodes of the radio access network (RAN) . In the context of a V2X network, this may result in collisions between vehicles and/or pedestrians.
  • RAN radio access network
  • aspects of the described techniques provide various mechanisms to configure a sensing time duration (e.g., a sensing gap) that may be used by wireless devices to perform RF sensing applications.
  • aspects of the described techniques may be based on the capability of the wireless device (e.g., a base station capability and/or UE capability) to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range during the sensing gap.
  • the UE may transmit or otherwise provide a UE capability message and/or RRC configuration signaling to base station 205 indicating the capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within the detectable range during the sensing gap.
  • the UE may monitor for sensing waveforms reflected off of sensed objects during the sensing gap. Based on receiving sensing waveforms during the sensing gap, the UE may determine or otherwise quantify object parameter information associated with the sensed object. For example, the UE may compare transmit to receive power levels, AoD to AoA, frequency and/or phase shifts from the transmitted sensing waveforms to the received sensing waveforms, and the like. Based on quantifying the sensing waveforms, the UE (alone or in cooperation with some other node/entity associated with the wireless network) may determine or otherwise quantity the object parameter information of the sensed object.
  • this may include the UE being configured (e.g., via a configuration signal, such as RRC signaling, a MAC CE, DCI signaling, and the like) with a set of time resources defining the sensing gap.
  • the base station may transmit a configuration signal indicating a set of periodic time resources, a set of aperiodic time resources, and/or a set of semi-persistent (SP) time resources.
  • the configuration signal may identify the length of each time resource (e.g., the duration of each sensing gap) , the periodicity of the time resources, the length of the set of time resources (e.g., how long the time resources are configured/activated for RF sensing) , and the like.
  • the UE may utilize the set of time resources identified in the configuration signal as sensing gaps to perform sensing operations.
  • the UE may transmit sensing waveforms at a given transmit direction, a transmit power, transmit frequency, a transmit phase, AoD, and the like.
  • the UE may monitor for and receive reflections of the sensing waveforms off of the sensed objects.
  • the UE may quantify the received sensing waveforms to determine the received power level, receive frequency (e.g., a frequency shift) , a received phase, AoA, and the like.
  • the UE may receive one or more sensing waveforms that were transmitted by a different UE and/or base station.
  • the UE alone or in cooperation with the wireless device performing the sensing waveform transmissions, may quantify the received sensing waveforms.
  • the UE may determine object parameter information based on the received sensing waveforms.
  • the UE may request the original set of time resources and/or an updated set of time resources. For example, the UE may transmit or otherwise provide an indication of a request for the set of time resources to base station 205.
  • Base station 205 may configure the set of time resources (e.g., the periodic time resources, the aperiodic time resources, and/or the SP time resources) for the UE using configuration signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI, etc. ) .
  • configuration signaling e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, DCI, etc.
  • the UE may also transmit or otherwise provide an indication of a request for an updated set of time resources to base station 205.
  • the UE may determine that the configured set of time resources may not fully support the RF sensing applications being performed, and therefore transmit the request for the updated set of time resources.
  • the UE may request the updated set of time resources based on the type of RF sensing applications being performed by the UE. For example, the UE may determine that some RF sensing application types (e.g., gesture sensing) may be best suited to a first set of time resources whereas other RF sensing application types (e.g., vehicle/pedestrian detection/quantification) are best suited to a second set of time resources (e.g., longer or shorter sensing gaps) . Accordingly, the UE may request the updated set of time resources based on the sensing type.
  • some RF sensing application types e.g., gesture sensing
  • other RF sensing application types e.g., vehicle/pedestrian detection/quantification
  • the UE may configure the request for the set of time resources and/or updated set of time resources to indicate which set of time resources the UE is requesting.
  • the UE may include a bit, a field, information element, etc., in the request identifying the original and/or updated set of time resources and/or may provide an indication of the sensing type being performed to implicitly indicate a requested set of time resources.
  • the set of time resources may be based on a measurement gap configured by base station 205, with some enhancements. That is, some wireless communication systems (such as an NR network) may have a measurement gap provided for wireless devices to perform L3 channel performance measurement and reporting.
  • the measurement gap may correspond to a periodic pattern that can be configured. This may include configuring a measurement gap based on a measurement gap pattern (e.g., from a set of measurement gap patterns) .
  • Each measurement gap pattern may have a corresponding measurement gap length (MGL) defining the duration of the gap in milliseconds, a measurement gap repetition period (MGRP) defining the periodicity of the gap in milliseconds, and the like.
  • the network may configure an offset of the gap in the MGRP.
  • the measurement gap may be frequency specific (e.g., 0-3 gap patterns for LTE systems/frequencies, 4-11 for NR frequency range 1 (FR1) frequencies, and 12-23 for NR frequency range two (FR2) frequencies.
  • aspects of the measurement gap may be leveraged, at least to some degree, to defined the sensing gap configured for the wireless devices.
  • the UE may request the sensing gap via RRC signaling in order to extend the duration of the sensing gap longer than the measurement gap configured for the network. That is, aspects of the described techniques may provide for the sensing gap separate from the measurement gap and/or may provide for the sensing gap to be based on the measurement gap, at least to some degree.
  • the UE and/or base station 205 may reconfigure the measurement gap to be suitable for RF sensing applications.
  • the sensing gap may be identified or otherwise determined by the wireless devices autonomously.
  • this may include the UE performing RF sensing applications during a DRX off period (e.g., an RRC idle state and/or an RRC inactive state) of a DRX cycle. That is, the UE may autonomously determine a set of time durations corresponding to a DRX cycle configured for the UE (e.g., the RRC idle state time and/or the RRC inactive state time) . The UE may autonomously perform sensing of objects during the set of time durations (e.g., during the sensing gaps corresponding to the DRX idle and/or inactive states) .
  • base station 205 is not expected to perform data communications with the UE during the DRX idle/inactive states. In some aspects, this example may be implemented based on other considerations, such as the current battery level of the UE, the parameters of the DRX cycle, and the like.
  • the sensing gap may be identified or otherwise determined by the wireless devices autonomously may be based on scheduled communications. That is, the UE (or any other wireless device within the network) may determine that it is scheduled to perform communications (e.g., physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and/or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) ) during a set of communication time resources. In this situation, the UE may autonomously abort the scheduled communications with the serving cell and, instead, use the time resources allocated to such communications as the sensing gap (s) . Accordingly, the UE may perform the sensing of objects (e.g., the RF sensing application) during at least some of the communication time resources.
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • the UE may be allowed to temporarily abort communications with its serving cell for sensing (e.g., create autonomous sensing gaps to perform the corresponding measurements within the time limits specified) . This may allow the UE to perform RF sensing for one or more seconds, when needed. In some aspects, this example may be implemented based on other considerations, such as the priority level, latency requirements, and the like, associated with the scheduled communications.
  • an NR measurement gap configured by base station 205 can be reused, with enhancements, as sensing gaps.
  • the UE can request a sensing gap via RRC signaling, for example, to extended the measurement gap to have a longer duration than the configured NR measurement gap.
  • the UE can request the SP or aperiodic sensing gap via a UEassistanceInformation message.
  • One or more aperiodic gap patterns can be configured in RRC, and activated/deactivated via MAC-CE.
  • One aperiodic sensing gap may include a gap period and bit map (one bit corresponds to one slot) during the gap period.
  • Whether the UE is allowed to send an aperiodic sensing gap request may be configured via dedicated signaling.
  • Base station 205 may accept/ignore/provide a modified aperiodic gap pattern (e.g., an updated set of time resources) to the UE in an RRCReconfiguration message, for example,
  • the autonomous sensing gap (different from the existing measurement gap) may leverage some aspects of automatic neighbor reporting techniques.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a process 300 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • process 300 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and/or 200. Aspects of process 300 may be implemented by UE 305 and/or base station 310, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described herein. Broadly, process 300 illustrates an example where base station 310 configures UE 305 with a set of periodic time resources to be used as sensing gaps to support RF sensing applications.
  • UE 305 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 310 may receive or otherwise obtain) a UE capability message indicating a capability of UE 305 to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of UE 305 and during a sensing time duration (e.g., during a sensing gap) . That is, UE 305 may signal to base station 310 its UE capability to support periodic sensing gaps, in this example.
  • base station 310 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 305 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal indicating whether base station 310 supports or otherwise allows UE 305 to request periodic sensing gaps. That is, base station 310 may provide an indication to UE 305 of whether or not base station 310 supports or otherwise allows a set of time resources (a set of periodic time resources in this example) to be requested by UE 305 to be used to perform sensing of objects. Base station 310 may use RRC configuration signaling to provide the indication (e.g., using an RRCReconfiguration message) .
  • UE 305 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 310 may receive or otherwise obtain) a request for a set of periodic time resources to be used as sensing gaps. For example, UE 305 may request a new (as shown in this instance) or updated set of periodic time resources (as shown at 340) to be utilized as sensing gaps (e.g., sensing time duration) by UE 305.
  • UE 305 may configure the request to identify a sensing gap pattern (e.g., similar to, or otherwise based on, a measurement gap pattern) being requested by UE 305 (e.g., may indicate a number corresponding to a sensing gap pattern, may indicate the MGL/MGRP or a sensing gap length (SGL) /sensing gap repetition period (SGRP) defining a sensing gap pattern, and the like) .
  • a sensing gap pattern e.g., similar to, or otherwise based on, a measurement gap pattern
  • the measurement gap may have a duration of up to six milliseconds. However, this duration may be too short to support RF sensing applications, and therefore UE 305 may indicate a longer duration in the request.
  • UE 305 may indicate a particular sensing gap/gap pattern in the request based on the type of sensing application being performed by UE 305 (e.g., depending on whether UE 305 is performing long-range, medium-range, or short-range sensing) .
  • base station 310 may select or otherwise decide a set of periodic time resources for UE 305 to use to receive sensing waveforms (e.g., to support RF sensing applications of UE 305) .
  • Base station 310 may select the set of periodic time resources based on the capability of UE 305 (e.g., based on the UE capability message) and/or based on the request for the set of periodic time resources (e.g., based on the UEAssistanceInformation message) .
  • base station 310 may match, at least to some degree, the set of periodic time resources to support the RF sensing applications being performed by UE 305 (e.g., based on the sensing type) .
  • base station 310 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 305 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal indicating the set of periodic time resources for UE 305 to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the sensing gap e.g., the sensing time duration
  • the configuration signal may include RRC signaling (e.g., RRCReconfiguration message) and may identify or otherwise indicate the length of each periodic time resource in the set of periodic time resources and/or the periodicity of the set of periodic time resources.
  • UE 305 may utilize the set of periodic time resources to receive one or more sensing waveforms during RF sensing applications. For example, UE 305 may determine object parameter information associated with the sensed objects based on the sensing waveforms. However, UE 305 may also be configured to request an updated set of periodic time resources.
  • UE 305 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 310 may receive or otherwise obtain) a request for an updated set of time resources (e.g., an updated set of periodic time resources in this example) .
  • the request for the updated periodic time resources may be based on a change in the RF sensing applications being performed by UE 305, a change in the objects being sensed by UE 305, and the like. Accordingly, UE 305 may request the updated set of periodic time resources to support the changed sensing operations.
  • base station 310 may again select or otherwise decide the updated set of periodic time resources to configure for UE 305. For example, base station 310 may consider the capability of UE 305 and/or the request for the updated set of periodic time resources when selecting or otherwise identifying the updated set of periodic time resources.
  • base station 310 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 305 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal identifying or otherwise indicating the updated set of periodic time resources for UE 305 to use for RF sensing. Accordingly, base station 310 may send an updated periodic sensing gap to UE 305 via RRC signaling. Accordingly, UE 305 may utilize the updated set of periodic time resources to receive one or more sensing waveforms during RF sensing applications. For example, UE 305 may determine object parameter information associated with the sensed objects based on the sensing waveforms.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a process 400 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • process 400 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and/or 200 and/or process 300. Aspects of process 400 may be implemented by UE 405 and/or base station 410, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described herein. Broadly, process 400 illustrates an example where base station 410 configures UE 405 with a set of aperiodic time resources to be used as sensing gaps to support RF sensing applications.
  • UE 405 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 410 may receive or otherwise obtain) a UE capability message indicating a capability of UE 405 to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of UE 405 and during a sensing time duration (e.g., during a sensing gap) . That is, UE 405 may signal to base station 410 its UE capability to support aperiodic sensing gaps, in this example.
  • base station 410 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 405 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal indicating whether base station 410 supports or otherwise allows UE 405 to request aperiodic sensing gaps. That is, base station 410 may provide an indication to UE 405 of whether or not base station 410 supports or otherwise allows a set of time resources (a set of aperiodic time resources in this example) to be requested by UE 405 to be used to perform sensing of objects. Base station 410 may use RRC configuration signaling to provide the indication (e.g., using an RRCReconfiguration message) .
  • UE 405 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 410 may receive or otherwise obtain) a request for a set of aperiodic time resources to be used as sensing gaps. For example, UE 405 may request a new (as shown in this instance) or updated set of aperiodic time resources (as shown at 440) to be utilized as sensing gaps (e.g., sensing time duration) by UE 405.
  • UE 405 may configure the request to identify a sensing gap pattern (e.g., similar to, or otherwise based on, a measurement gap pattern) being requested by UE 405 (e.g., may indicate a number corresponding to a sensing gap pattern, may indicate the MGL/MGRP or SGL/SGRP defining a sensing gap pattern, and the like) .
  • a sensing gap pattern e.g., similar to, or otherwise based on, a measurement gap pattern
  • one aperiodic gap pattern may include an interval and bit map, wherein one bit corresponds to one slot, during the interval.
  • UE 405 may indicate a particular sensing gap/gap pattern in the request based on the type of sensing application being performed by UE 405 (e.g., depending on whether UE 405 is performing long-range, medium-range, or short-range sensing) .
  • UE 405 may also indicate an absolute radio frequency channel number (ARFCN) in the request, e.g., to indicate which carrier (s) /subcarrier (s) that UE 405 is requesting the sensing operations to be performed in.
  • ARFCN absolute radio frequency channel number
  • base station 410 may select or otherwise decide a set of aperiodic time resources for UE 405 to use to receive sensing waveforms (e.g., to support RF sensing applications of UE 405) .
  • Base station 410 may select the set of aperiodic time resources based on the capability of UE 405 (e.g., based on the UE capability message) and/or based on the request for the set of aperiodic time resources (e.g., based on the UEAssistanceInformation message) .
  • base station 410 may match, at least to some degree, the set of aperiodic time resources to support the RF sensing applications being performed by UE 405 (e.g., based on the sensing type) .
  • base station 410 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 405 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal indicating the set of aperiodic time resources for UE 405 to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the sensing gap (e.g., the sensing time duration) may correspond to the set of aperiodic time resources.
  • the configuration signal may include RRC signaling (e.g., RRCReconfiguration message) and may identify or otherwise indicate the length of each aperiodic time resource in the set of aperiodic time resources and/or a periodicity of the set of aperiodic time resources.
  • the configuration signal may indicate one or more aperiodic gap patterns, which may be further selected from based on lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE and/or DCI signaling) .
  • UE 405 may utilize the set of aperiodic time resources to receive one or more sensing waveforms during RF sensing applications. For example, UE 405 may determine object parameter information associated with the sensed objects based on the sensing waveforms. However, UE 405 may also be configured to request an updated set of aperiodic time resources.
  • UE 405 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 410 may receive or otherwise obtain) a request for an updated set of time resources (e.g., an updated set of aperiodic time resources in this example) .
  • the request for the updated periodic time resources may be based on a change in the RF sensing applications being performed by UE 405, a change in the objects being sensed by UE 405, and the like. Accordingly, UE 405 may request the updated set of aperiodic time resources to support the changed sensing operations.
  • the request may use lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or a DCI) to request one or more aperiodic gaps (e.g., the updated set of aperiodic time resources) being requested.
  • lower layer signaling e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or a DCI
  • aperiodic gaps e.g., the updated set of aperiodic time resources
  • base station 410 may again select or otherwise decide the updated set of aperiodic time resources to configure for UE 405. For example, base station 410 may consider the capability of UE 405 and/or the request for the updated set of aperiodic time resources when selecting or otherwise identifying the updated set of aperiodic time resources.
  • base station 410 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 405 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal identifying or otherwise indicating the updated set of aperiodic time resources for UE 405 to use for RF sensing. Accordingly, base station 410 may send an updated aperiodic sensing gap to UE 405 via lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or DCI) . That is, base station 410 may use lower layer signaling to active one or more aperiodic sensing gaps for UE 405.
  • lower layer signaling e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or DCI
  • UE 405 may utilize the updated set of aperiodic time resources to receive one or more sensing waveforms during RF sensing applications. For example, UE 405 may determine object parameter information associated with the sensed objects based on the sensing waveforms.
  • some aspects of the described techniques may utilize lower layer signaling, such as MAC CE and/or DCI signaling for UE 405 to request, and base station 410 to confirm, an initial and/or updated set of aperiodic time resources to be used for sensing gaps.
  • this may include one octet spanning eight bits (e.g., bits G 0 to G 7 ) .
  • the G i may correspond to the i-th configured aperiodic sensing gap pattern configured by base station 410 in RRC configuration signaling (e.g., RRCReconfiguration) .
  • the configuration signaling using RRCReconfiguration may configure a group of aperiodic time resources, with each bit in the request/confirmation MAC CE corresponding to one of the configured sets of aperiodic time resources.
  • UE 405 may indicate to base station 410 when an aperiodic gap is needed via the request MAC CE using the requested bit and begin using the aperiodic gap upon reception of a confirmation MAC CE from base station 410.
  • base station 410 may activate at least one aperiodic gap via the DCI (e.g., indicate G i in a DCI format 2-1, or some other 2-*DCI format) .
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a process 500 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • process 500 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and/or 200 and/or processes 300 and/or 400. Aspects of process 500 may be implemented by UE 505 and/or base station 510, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described herein. Broadly, process 500 illustrates an example where base station 510 configures UE 505 with a set of aperiodic time resources to be used as sensing gaps to support RF sensing applications using DCI based lower layer signaling.
  • UE 505 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 510 may receive or otherwise obtain) a UE capability message indicating a capability of UE 505 to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of UE 505 and during a sensing time duration (e.g., during a sensing gap) . That is, UE 505 may signal to base station 510 its UE capability to support aperiodic sensing gaps, in this example.
  • base station 510 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 505 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal indicating whether base station 510 supports or otherwise allows UE 505 to request aperiodic sensing gaps. That is, base station 510 may provide an indication to UE 505 of whether or not base station 510 supports or otherwise allows a set of time resources (a set of aperiodic time resources in this example) to be requested by UE 505 to be used to perform sensing of objects. Base station 510 may use RRC configuration signaling to provide the indication (e.g., using an RRCReconfiguration message) .
  • UE 505 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 510 may receive or otherwise obtain) a request for a set of aperiodic time resources to be used as sensing gaps. For example, UE 505 may request a new (as shown in this instance) or updated set of aperiodic time resources (as shown at 540) to be utilized as sensing gaps (e.g., sensing time duration) by UE 505.
  • UE 505 may configure the request to identify a sensing gap pattern (e.g., similar to, or otherwise based on, a measurement gap pattern) being requested by UE 505 (e.g., may indicate a number corresponding to a sensing gap pattern, may indicate the MGL/MGRP or SGL/SGRP defining a sensing gap pattern, and the like) .
  • a sensing gap pattern e.g., similar to, or otherwise based on, a measurement gap pattern
  • one aperiodic gap pattern may include an interval and bit map, wherein one bit corresponds to one slot, during the interval.
  • UE 505 may indicate a particular sensing gap/gap pattern in the request based on the type of sensing application being performed by UE 505 (e.g., depending on whether UE 505 is performing long-range, medium-range, or short-range sensing) .
  • UE 505 may also indicate an ARFCN in the request, e.g., to indicate which carrier (s) /subcarrier (s) that UE 505 is requesting the sensing operations to be performed in.
  • base station 510 may select or otherwise decide a set of aperiodic time resources for UE 505 to use to receive sensing waveforms (e.g., to support RF sensing applications of UE 505) .
  • Base station 510 may select the set of aperiodic time resources based on the capability of UE 505 (e.g., based on the UE capability message) and/or based on the request for the set of aperiodic time resources (e.g., based on the UEAssistanceInformation message) .
  • base station 510 may match, at least to some degree, the set of aperiodic time resources to support the RF sensing applications being performed by UE 505 (e.g., based on the sensing type) .
  • base station 510 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 505 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal indicating the set of aperiodic time resources for UE 505 to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the sensing gap (e.g., the sensing time duration) may correspond to the set of aperiodic time resources.
  • the configuration signal may include RRC signaling (e.g., RRCReconfiguration message) and may identify or otherwise indicate the length of each aperiodic time resource in the set of aperiodic time resources and/or a periodicity of the set of aperiodic time resources.
  • the configuration signal may indicate one or more aperiodic gap patterns, which may be further selected from based on lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE and/or DCI signaling) .
  • UE 505 may utilize the set of aperiodic time resources to receive one or more sensing waveforms during RF sensing applications. For example, UE 505 may determine object parameter information associated with the sensed objects based on the sensing waveforms. However, UE 505 may also be configured to request an updated set of aperiodic time resources.
  • UE 505 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 510 may receive or otherwise obtain) a request for an updated set of time resources (e.g., an updated set of aperiodic time resources in this example) .
  • the request for the updated periodic time resources may be based on a change in the RF sensing applications being performed by UE 505, a change in the objects being sensed by UE 505, and the like. Accordingly, UE 505 may request the updated set of aperiodic time resources to support the changed sensing operations.
  • the request may use lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE and/or a DCI, as shown) to request one or more aperiodic gaps (e.g., the updated set of aperiodic time resources) being requested.
  • lower layer signaling e.g., MAC CE and/or a DCI, as shown
  • aperiodic gaps e.g., the updated set of aperiodic time resources
  • base station 510 may again select or otherwise decide the updated set of aperiodic time resources to configure for UE 505. For example, base station 510 may consider the capability of UE 505 and/or the request for the updated set of aperiodic time resources when selecting or otherwise identifying the updated set of aperiodic time resources.
  • Base station 510 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 505 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal identifying or otherwise indicating the updated set of aperiodic time resources for UE 505 to use for RF sensing. Accordingly, base station 510 may send an updated aperiodic sensing gap to UE 505 via lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE and/or DCI) . That is, base station 510 may use lower layer signaling to active one or more aperiodic sensing gaps for UE 505.
  • lower layer signaling e.g., MAC CE and/or DCI
  • base station 510 may activate at least one aperiodic gap via the DCI (e.g., indicate G i in a DCI format 2-1, or some other 2-*DCI format) .
  • UE 505 may utilize the updated set of aperiodic time resources to receive one or more sensing waveforms during RF sensing applications. For example, UE 505 may determine object parameter information associated with the sensed objects based on the sensing waveforms.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a process 600 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • process 600 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and/or 200 and/or processes 300, 400 and/or 500. Aspects of process 600 may be implemented by UE 605 and/or base station 610, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described herein. Broadly, process 600 illustrates an example where base station 510 configures UE 505 with a set of SP time resources to be used as sensing gaps to support RF sensing applications.
  • UE 605 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 610 may receive or otherwise obtain) a UE capability message indicating a capability of UE 605 to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of UE 605 and during a sensing time duration (e.g., during a sensing gap) . That is, UE 605 may signal to base station 510 its UE capability to support SP sensing gaps, in this example.
  • base station 610 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 605 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal indicating whether base station 610 supports or otherwise allows UE 605 to request SP sensing gaps. That is, base station 610 may provide an indication to UE 605 of whether or not base station 610 supports or otherwise allows a set of time resources (a set of SP time resources in this example) to be requested by UE 605 to be used to perform sensing of objects. Base station 610 may use RRC configuration signaling to provide the indication (e.g., using an RRCReconfiguration message) .
  • UE 605 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 610 may receive or otherwise obtain) a request for a set of SP time resources to be used as sensing gaps. For example, UE 605 may request a new (as shown in this instance) or updated set of SP time resources (as shown at 640) to be utilized as sensing gaps (e.g., sensing time duration) by UE 605.
  • UE 605 may configure the request to identify a sensing gap pattern (e.g., similar to, or otherwise based on, a measurement gap pattern) being requested by UE 605 (e.g., may indicate a number corresponding to a SP gap pattern, may indicate the MGL/MGRP or SGL/SGRP defining a sensing gap pattern, and the like) .
  • a sensing gap pattern e.g., similar to, or otherwise based on, a measurement gap pattern
  • one SP gap pattern may include an interval and bit map, wherein one bit corresponds to one slot, during the interval.
  • the interval may have a corresponding periodicity as well.
  • UE 605 may indicate a particular sensing gap/gap pattern (e.g., indicate an SP configuration/pattern) in the request based on the type of sensing application being performed by UE 605 (e.g., depending on whether UE 605 is performing long-range, medium-range, or short-range sensing) .
  • UE 605 may also indicate an ARFCN in the request, e.g., to indicate which carrier (s) /subcarrier (s) that UE 605 is requesting the sensing operations to be performed in.
  • base station 610 may select or otherwise decide a set of SP time resources for UE 605 to use to receive sensing waveforms (e.g., to support RF sensing applications of UE 605) .
  • Base station 610 may select the set of SP time resources based on the capability of UE 605 (e.g., based on the UE capability message) and/or based on the request for the set of SP time resources (e.g., based on the UEAssistanceInformation message) .
  • base station 610 may match, at least to some degree, the set of aperiodic time resources to support the RF sensing applications being performed by UE 605 (e.g., based on the sensing type) .
  • base station 610 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 605 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal indicating the set of SP time resources for UE 605 to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the sensing gap (e.g., the sensing time duration) may correspond to the set of SP time resources.
  • the configuration signal may include RRC signaling (e.g., RRCReconfiguration message) and may identify or otherwise indicate the length of each aperiodic time resource in the set of aperiodic time resources and/or a periodicity of the set of SP time resources.
  • the configuration signal may indicate one or more SP gap patterns, which may be further selected from based on lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE and/or DCI signaling) .
  • UE 605 may utilize the set of SP time resources to receive one or more sensing waveforms during RF sensing applications. For example, UE 605 may determine object parameter information associated with the sensed objects based on the sensing waveforms. However, UE 605 may also be configured to request an updated set of SP time resources.
  • UE 605 may transmit or otherwise provide (and base station 610 may receive or otherwise obtain) a request for an updated set of time resources (e.g., an updated set of SP time resources in this example) .
  • the request for the updated SP time resources may be based on a change in the RF sensing applications being performed by UE 605, a change in the objects being sensed by UE 605, and the like.
  • UE 605 may request the updated set of SP time resources to support the changed sensing operations.
  • the request may use lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or a DCI) to request one or more SP gaps (e.g., the updated set of SP time resources) being requested.
  • lower layer signaling e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or a DCI
  • base station 610 may again select or otherwise decide the updated set of SP time resources to configure for UE 605. For example, base station 610 may consider the capability of UE 605 and/or the request for the updated set of SP time resources when selecting or otherwise identifying the updated set of SP time resources.
  • Base station 610 may transmit or otherwise provide (and UE 605 may receive or otherwise obtain) a configuration signal identifying or otherwise indicating the updated set of SP time resources for UE 605 to use for RF sensing. Accordingly, base station 610 may send an updated SP sensing gap to UE 605 via lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or DCI) . That is, base station 610 may use lower layer signaling to active one or more SP sensing gaps for UE 605.
  • lower layer signaling e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or DCI
  • UE 605 may perform sensing using the SP sensing gap (e.g., during the set of SP time resources) upon receipt of a lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or DCI) from base station 610.
  • Base station 610 may deactivate or switch the SP sensing gap using lower layer signaling (e.g., MAC CE, as shown, and/or DCI) .
  • some aspects of the described techniques may utilize lower layer signaling, such as MAC CE and/or DCI signaling for UE 605 to request, and base station 610 to confirm, an initial and/or updated set of SP time resources to be used for sensing gaps (e.g., RRC signaling may be used to configure sets of SP time resources, with the lower layer signaling being used to activate/deactivate/switch one or more of the configured sets of SP time resources) .
  • RRC signaling may be used to configure sets of SP time resources, with the lower layer signaling being used to activate/deactivate/switch one or more of the configured sets of SP time resources.
  • this may include one octet spanning eight bits (e.g., bits G 0 to G 7 ) .
  • the G i may correspond to the i-th configured SP sensing gap pattern configured by base station 610 in RRC configuration signaling (e.g., RRCReconfiguration) . That is, the configuration signaling using RRCReconfiguration may configure a group of SP time resources, with each bit in the request/confirmation MAC CE corresponding to one of the configured sets of SP time resources.
  • UE 605 may indicate to base station 610 when an SP gap is needed via the request MAC CE using the requested bit and begin using the SP gap upon reception of a confirmation MAC CE from base station 610.
  • bit G7 may be configured to indicate deactivation of a current SP gap.
  • base station 610 may use one bit to deactivate an SP gap. That is, one difference between the octet used in the aperiodic time resource request/confirmation MAC CEs and the SP time resource request/confirmation MAC CEs is that the SP MAC CEs may be used to signal deactivation of a current SP gap pattern and/or switching to another SP gap pattern.
  • UE 605 may utilize the updated set of SP time resources to receive one or more sensing waveforms during RF sensing applications. For example, UE 605 may determine object parameter information associated with the sensed objects based on the sensing waveforms.
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a device 705 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the device 705 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein.
  • the device 705 may include a receiver 710, a communications manager 715, and a transmitter 720.
  • the device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
  • the receiver 710 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to design of sensing gap for wireless sensing, etc. ) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 705.
  • the receiver 710 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10.
  • the receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.
  • the communications manager 715 may transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE, and determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the communications manager 715 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1010 described herein.
  • the communications manager 715 may be implemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 715, or its sub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • the communications manager 715 may be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components.
  • the communications manager 715, or its sub-components may be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the communications manager 715, or its sub-components may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • I/O input/output
  • the transmitter 720 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 705.
  • the transmitter 720 may be collocated with a receiver 710 in a transceiver module.
  • the transmitter 720 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10.
  • the transmitter 720 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.
  • FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the device 805 may be an example of aspects of a device 705, or a UE 115 as described herein.
  • the device 805 may include a receiver 810, a communications manager 815, and a transmitter 835.
  • the device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
  • the receiver 810 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to design of sensing gap for wireless sensing, etc. ) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805.
  • the receiver 810 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10.
  • the receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.
  • the communications manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 715 as described herein.
  • the communications manager 815 may include an UE capability manager 820, a sensing manager 825, and an object parameter manager 830.
  • the communications manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1010 described herein.
  • the UE capability manager 820 may transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the sensing manager 825 may receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE.
  • the object parameter manager 830 may determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the transmitter 835 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 805.
  • the transmitter 835 may be collocated with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module.
  • the transmitter 835 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10.
  • the transmitter 835 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.
  • FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a communications manager 905 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the communications manager 905 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 715, a communications manager 815, or a communications manager 1010 described herein.
  • the communications manager 905 may include an UE capability manager 910, a sensing manager 915, an object parameter manager 920, a periodic resource manager 925, an aperiodic resource manager 930, a SP resource manager 935, and an autonomous resource manager 940. Each of these modules may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
  • the UE capability manager 910 may transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the sensing manager 915 may receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE.
  • the object parameter manager 920 may determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the periodic resource manager 925 may receive, from the base station, a configuration signal indicating a set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of periodic time resources. In some examples, the periodic resource manager 925 may transmit a UE assistance information requesting an updated set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms. In some examples, the periodic resource manager 925 may receive a second configuration signal indicating the updated set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one more sensing waveforms. In some examples, the periodic resource manager 925 may identify a sensing type associated with the UE performing sensing of objects.
  • the periodic resource manager 925 may select the updated set of periodic time resources based on the sensing type.
  • the configuration signal indicates at least one of a length of each periodic time resource in the set of periodic time resources, a periodicity of the set of periodic time resources, or both.
  • the aperiodic resource manager 930 may receive, from the base station, a configuration signal indicating a set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of aperiodic time resources. In some examples, the aperiodic resource manager 930 may transmit a UE assistance information requesting an updated set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms. In some examples, the aperiodic resource manager 930 may receive a second configuration signal indicating the updated set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one more sensing waveforms.
  • the aperiodic resource manager 930 may identify a sensing type associated with the UE performing sensing of objects. In some examples, the aperiodic resource manager 930 may select the updated set of aperiodic time resources based on the sensing type. In some cases, the configuration signal indicates at least one of a length of each aperiodic time resource in the set of aperiodic time resources, a duration of the set of aperiodic time resources, or both.
  • the SP resource manager 935 may receive, from the base station, a configuration signal indicating a set of semi-persistent time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the SP resource manager 935 may receive an activation signal activating a semi-persistent time resource, the sensing time duration including activated semi-persistent time resource.
  • the configuration signal includes a RRC signal and the activation signal includes at least one of a MAC CE, a DCI, or both.
  • the autonomous resource manager 940 may determine, autonomously by the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a set of idle periods of a DRX cycle configured for the UE.In some examples, performing, while the UE is operating in an idle state, an inactive state, or both, of a DRX mode according to the DRX cycle, the sensing of the objects during one or more idle periods of the set of idle periods, where the sensing time duration includes the one or more idle periods. In some examples, the autonomous resource manager 940 may determine that the UE is scheduled to perform communications using a set of communication time resources.
  • the autonomous resource manager 940 may perform, autonomously by the UE and based on the capability of the UE, the sensing of the objects during at least a portion of the set of communication time resources the sensing time duration during which to perform sensing of the object, where receiving the waveforms during time resources previously configured by the base station for communications with the UE.
  • FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the device 1005 may be an example of or include the components of device 705, device 805, or a UE 115 as described herein.
  • the device 1005 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager 1010, an I/O controller 1015, a transceiver 1020, an antenna 1025, memory 1030, and a processor 1040. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1045) .
  • buses e.g., bus 1045
  • the communications manager 1010 may transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE, and determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the I/O controller 1015 may manage input and output signals for the device 1005.
  • the I/O controller 1015 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1005.
  • the I/O controller 1015 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral.
  • the I/O controller 1015 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system.
  • the I/O controller 1015 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device.
  • the I/O controller 1015 may be implemented as part of a processor.
  • a user may interact with the device 1005 via the I/O controller 1015 or via hardware components controlled by the I/O controller 1015.
  • the transceiver 1020 may communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above.
  • the transceiver 1020 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver.
  • the transceiver 1020 may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas.
  • the wireless device may include a single antenna 1025. However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.
  • the memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) .
  • the memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein.
  • the memory 1030 may contain, among other things, a basic input/output system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
  • BIOS basic input/output system
  • the processor 1040 may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) .
  • the processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller.
  • a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1040.
  • the processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1030) to cause the device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting design of sensing gap for wireless sensing) .
  • the code 1035 may include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions to support wireless communications.
  • the code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1035 may not be directly executable by the processor 1040 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein.
  • FIG. 11 shows a block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the device 1105 may be an example of aspects of a base station 105 as described herein.
  • the device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a communications manager 1115, and a transmitter 1120.
  • the device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
  • the receiver 1110 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to design of sensing gap for wireless sensing, etc. ) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1105.
  • the receiver 1110 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14.
  • the receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.
  • the communications manager 1115 may receive, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, determine, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration, and transmit, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the communications manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1410 described herein.
  • the communications manager 1115 may be implemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.
  • code e.g., software or firmware
  • the functions of the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.
  • the communications manager 1115 may be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components.
  • the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components may be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an I/O component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the transmitter 1120 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1105.
  • the transmitter 1120 may be collocated with a receiver 1110 in a transceiver module.
  • the transmitter 1120 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14.
  • the transmitter 1120 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.
  • FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the device 1205 may be an example of aspects of a device 1105, or a base station 105 as described herein.
  • the device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a communications manager 1215, and a transmitter 1235.
  • the device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
  • the receiver 1210 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to design of sensing gap for wireless sensing, etc. ) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1205.
  • the receiver 1210 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14.
  • the receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.
  • the communications manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1115 as described herein.
  • the communications manager 1215 may include an UE capability manager 1220, a resource manager 1225, and a configuration manager 1230.
  • the communications manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1410 described herein.
  • the UE capability manager 1220 may receive, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the resource manager 1225 may determine, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration.
  • the configuration manager 1230 may transmit, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the transmitter 1235 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1205.
  • the transmitter 1235 may be collocated with a receiver 1210 in a transceiver module.
  • the transmitter 1235 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14.
  • the transmitter 1235 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.
  • FIG. 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of a communications manager 1305 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the communications manager 1305 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1115, a communications manager 1215, or a communications manager 1410 described herein.
  • the communications manager 1305 may include an UE capability manager 1310, a resource manager 1315, a configuration manager 1320, a periodic resource manager 1325, an aperiodic resource manager 1330, and a SP resource manager 1335. Each of these modules may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
  • the UE capability manager 1310 may receive, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the resource manager 1315 may determine, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration.
  • the configuration manager 1320 may transmit, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the periodic resource manager 1325 may transmit the configuration signal to the UE indicating a set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of periodic time resources.
  • the periodic resource manager 1325 may receive, from the UE, a UE assistance information requesting an updated set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the periodic resource manager 1325 may transmit a second configuration signal to the UE indicating the updated set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one more sensing waveforms.
  • the configuration signal indicates at least one of a length of each periodic time resource in the set of periodic time resources, a periodicity of the set of periodic time resources, or both.
  • the aperiodic resource manager 1330 may transmit the configuration signal to the UE indicating a set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of aperiodic time resources.
  • the aperiodic resource manager 1330 may receive, from the UE, a UE assistance information requesting an updated set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the aperiodic resource manager 1330 may transmit a second configuration signal to the UE indicating the updated set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one more sensing waveforms.
  • the configuration signal indicates at least one of a length of each aperiodic time resource in the set of aperiodic time resources, a duration of the set of aperiodic time resources, or both.
  • the SP resource manager 1335 may transmit the configuration signal to the UE indicating a set of semi-persistent time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms. In some examples, the SP resource manager 1335 may transmit an activation signal to the UE activating a semi-persistent time resource, the sensing time duration including activated semi-persistent time resource. In some cases, the configuration signal includes a RRC signal and the activation signal includes at least one of a MAC CE, a DCI, or both.
  • FIG. 14 shows a diagram of a system 1400 including a device 1405 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the device 1405 may be an example of or include the components of device 1105, device 1205, or a base station 105 as described herein.
  • the device 1405 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager 1410, a network communications manager 1415, a transceiver 1420, an antenna 1425, memory 1430, a processor 1440, and an inter-station communications manager 1445. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1450) .
  • buses e.g., bus 1450
  • the communications manager 1410 may receive, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration, determine, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration, and transmit, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the network communications manager 1415 may manage communications with the core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links) .
  • the network communications manager 1415 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115.
  • the transceiver 1420 may communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above.
  • the transceiver 1420 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver.
  • the transceiver 1420 may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas.
  • the wireless device may include a single antenna 1425. However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna 1425, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.
  • the memory 1430 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof.
  • the memory 1430 may store computer-readable code 1435 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., the processor 1440) cause the device to perform various functions described herein.
  • a processor e.g., the processor 1440
  • the memory 1430 may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
  • the processor 1440 may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) .
  • the processor 1440 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller.
  • a memory controller may be integrated into processor 1440.
  • the processor 1440 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1430) to cause the device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting design of sensing gap for wireless sensing) .
  • the inter-station communications manager 1445 may manage communications with other base station 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 in cooperation with other base stations 105. For example, the inter-station communications manager 1445 may coordinate scheduling for transmissions to UEs 115 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-station communications manager 1445 may provide an X2 interface within an LTE/LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between base stations 105.
  • the code 1435 may include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions to support wireless communications.
  • the code 1435 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1435 may not be directly executable by the processor 1440 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein.
  • FIG. 15 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the operations of method 1500 may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein.
  • the operations of method 1500 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.
  • the UE may transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the operations of 1505 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed by an UE capability manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • the UE may receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE.
  • the operations of 1510 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed by a sensing manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • the UE may determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the operations of 1515 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed by an object parameter manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • FIG. 16 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the operations of method 1600 may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein.
  • the operations of method 1600 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.
  • the UE may transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the operations of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed by an UE capability manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • the UE may receive, from the base station, a configuration signal indicating a set of periodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of periodic time resources.
  • the operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed by a periodic resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • the UE may receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE.
  • the operations of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed by a sensing manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • the UE may determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the operations of 1620 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed by an object parameter manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • FIG. 17 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1700 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the operations of method 1700 may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein.
  • the operations of method 1700 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.
  • the UE may transmit, to a base station, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the operations of 1705 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed by an UE capability manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • the UE may receive, from the base station, a configuration signal indicating a set of aperiodic time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms, the sensing time duration including the set of aperiodic time resources.
  • the operations of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed by an aperiodic resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • the UE may receive, during the sensing time duration, a reflection of one or more sensing waveforms off of one or more sensed object based on the capability of the UE.
  • the operations of 1715 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by a sensing manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • the UE may determine object parameter information associated with the one or more sensed objects based on the received one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the operations of 1720 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed by an object parameter manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.
  • FIG. 18 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the operations of method 1800 may be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein.
  • the operations of method 1800 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • a base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a base station may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.
  • the base station may receive, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the operations of 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed by an UE capability manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • the base station may determine, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration.
  • the operations of 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed by a resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • the base station may transmit, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the operations of 1815 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed by a configuration manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • FIG. 19 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1900 that supports design of sensing gap for wireless sensing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the operations of method 1900 may be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein.
  • the operations of method 1900 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • a base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a base station may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.
  • the base station may receive, from a UE, a UE capability message indicating a capability of the UE to perform sensing of objects within a detectable range of the UE in a sensing time duration.
  • the operations of 1905 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be performed by an UE capability manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • the base station may determine, based on the capability of the UE, a set of time resources including the sensing time duration.
  • the operations of 1910 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed by a resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • the base station may transmit, to the UE and based on the capability of the UE, a configuration signal indicating the set of time resources for the UE to use to receive one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the operations of 1915 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed by a configuration manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • the base station may transmit the configuration signal to the UE indicating a set of semi-persistent time resources for the UE to use to receive the one or more sensing waveforms.
  • the operations of 1920 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1920 may be performed by a SP resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • the base station may transmit an activation signal to the UE activating a semi-persistent time resource, the sensing time duration including activated semi-persistent time resource.
  • the operations of 1925 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1925 may be performed by a SP resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.
  • LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks.
  • the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  • Wi-Fi Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  • WiMAX IEEE 802.16
  • IEEE 802.20 Flash-OFDM
  • Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques.
  • data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) .
  • the functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
  • Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
  • non-transitory computer-readable media may include random- access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium.
  • RAM random- access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable ROM
  • flash memory compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage
  • CD compact disk
  • magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer,
  • Disk and disc include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés, des systèmes et des dispositifs destinés aux communications sans fil. Un équipement utilisateur (UE) peut transmettre, à une station de base, un message de capacité d'UE indiquant une capacité de l'UE à effectuer une détection d'objets dans une plage détectable de l'UE pendant une durée de détection. L'UE peut recevoir, pendant la durée de détection, une réflexion d'une ou plusieurs formes d'onde de détection provenant d'un ou plusieurs objets détectés sur la base, au moins en partie, de la capacité de l'UE. L'UE peut déterminer des informations de paramètres d'objet associées au(x) objet(s) détecté(s) sur la base, au moins en partie, de la ou des formes d'onde de détection reçues.
PCT/CN2020/123139 2020-10-23 2020-10-23 Conception d'un espace de détection pour détection sans fil WO2022082706A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023225870A1 (fr) * 2022-05-24 2023-11-30 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédé et appareil de transmission d'informations de suivi, et support de stockage lisible
WO2024016344A1 (fr) * 2022-07-22 2024-01-25 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédés et appareils de réglage de paramètre de réception, et support de stockage

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103546888A (zh) * 2012-07-11 2014-01-29 华为技术有限公司 一种在lte系统中的感知实现方法及装置
EP3487205A1 (fr) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-22 Fujitsu Limited Configuration d'intervalle de mesure pour 5g
US10779256B2 (en) * 2017-05-26 2020-09-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods for positioning mobile devices in a fifth generation wireless network

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103546888A (zh) * 2012-07-11 2014-01-29 华为技术有限公司 一种在lte系统中的感知实现方法及装置
US10779256B2 (en) * 2017-05-26 2020-09-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods for positioning mobile devices in a fifth generation wireless network
EP3487205A1 (fr) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-22 Fujitsu Limited Configuration d'intervalle de mesure pour 5g

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023225870A1 (fr) * 2022-05-24 2023-11-30 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédé et appareil de transmission d'informations de suivi, et support de stockage lisible
WO2024016344A1 (fr) * 2022-07-22 2024-01-25 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédés et appareils de réglage de paramètre de réception, et support de stockage

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