WO2022082328A1 - Un método para monitorear y controlar al menos una batería recargable. una batería recargable. un sistema recargable de suministro de energía - Google Patents
Un método para monitorear y controlar al menos una batería recargable. una batería recargable. un sistema recargable de suministro de energía Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022082328A1 WO2022082328A1 PCT/CL2021/050104 CL2021050104W WO2022082328A1 WO 2022082328 A1 WO2022082328 A1 WO 2022082328A1 CL 2021050104 W CL2021050104 W CL 2021050104W WO 2022082328 A1 WO2022082328 A1 WO 2022082328A1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/371—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with remote indication, e.g. on external chargers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a method for monitoring and controlling the state variables of at least one rechargeable battery, predicting and/or detecting faults and/or operating problems in them, thus allowing the initiation of preventive actions and/or respective corrective measures in one or more of said rechargeable batteries, providing a more precise and real-time monitoring and control of each one of the batteries that make up a battery bank.
- the method of the invention essentially comprises the steps of measuring the voltage of at least one cell, arranged inside the rechargeable battery, by means of at least one protection and balancing unit, which comprises at least one sensor voltage; measure the current of the at least one cell, by means of the at least one protection and balancing unit, comprising at least one current sensor; measure the temperature of the at least one cell, by means of the at least one protection and balancing unit, comprising at least one temperature sensor; and send from the at least one protection and balancing unit at least one of the data on voltage, current and temperature, to at least one control, monitoring and communication unit.
- the method comprises determining a state of charge, a state of health, an estimated time of charge, an estimated time of discharge and an estimated time of replacement of the at least one cell, by means of the at least one unit of control, monitoring and communication, using at least one of the voltage, current and temperature data of the at least one cell; store in the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit at least one of the data on voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, state of health, estimated time of charge, estimated time of discharge and estimated time of replacement; send from the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit at least one of the data on voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, state of health, estimated time of charge, estimated time of discharge and estimated time of replacement, to at least one management device; and display at least one of the data on voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, state of health, time estimated charge time, estimated discharge time and estimated replacement time for the at least one cell, by means of at least one display device.
- the method also comprises comparing, by means of the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or by means of the at least one management device, at least one of the data obtained on voltage, current, temperature, state of charge , health status, estimated charging time, estimated unloading time and estimated replacement time with at least a range of preset values for each of them in the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and in the at least one management device; assess whether it is appropriate to initiate at least one preventive action and/or one corrective action in the at least one cell, by means of the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or by means of the at least one management device; if applicable, initiate at least one preventive and/or corrective action, carry out said preventive and/or corrective action in the at least one cell through the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or through the at least a management device; and use at least one of the data on voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, state of health, estimated time of charge, estimated time of discharge and estimated time of replacement for the
- the preventive actions and/or corrective actions that the method can carry out include, among others, regulating the flow of energy that enters or leaves the at least one cell, by means of at least one energy regulating element, comprised of the at least one protection and balancing unit.
- the invention also relates to a rechargeable battery and a rechargeable power supply system, which implement the method of the invention.
- Another problem that currently affects battery banks is related to how to maintain the same level of charge in each of them, in order to avoid deterioration or accelerated aging in one or more batteries, which leads to that the useful life of the entire bank is significantly reduced. This is because the batteries with a lower level of charge will cause the rest of the batteries to discharge to compensate for their low level of charge, causing the charge and discharge cycles to be carried out in a different frequency in each of the batteries, which ultimately results in a malfunction of the entire bank. In these cases, the user or maintenance operator must opt for the complete replacement of the bank, since the banks that present these problems end up with practically all their batteries with different levels of aging, making their reuse impossible as a whole.
- monitoring carried out in real time and individually for each one of the batteries in a battery bank would allow filling information gaps and measuring other variables besides current and voltage, in order to detect in a timely manner and specifies any inconvenience that may be affecting one or more of said batteries, thus helping to take preventive and/or corrective actions for batteries that present problems, not interrupting the operation of the entire bank, maximizing its operating time.
- a method and system that allows, in addition to monitoring a battery bank, to control each of these batteries that make up the bank, in order to maximize their useful life, by adjusting the state variables.
- each of the batteries in real time, such as the level of charge or discharge in each of them, in order to maintain the same state of charge and state of health throughout the bank, which would allow all batteries to age at the same speed, said information being available at all times to the user or maintenance operator, without the need for additional equipment arranged externally to the bank.
- US9979202B2 describes a power control, protection, and management system for an energy storage system, comprising an interface configured to communicate and provide power exchange with a main power system, a local load, and the energy storage system.
- a processing structure configured to receive signals from the main power system and the energy storage system, to determine a mode of operation of the energy storage system and to provide control, protection and power management to the storage system.
- the system described by this document differs from the present invention in several aspects, the most relevant being the capacity of each battery to act as an independent entity within the battery bank, without the need for additional external equipment, which allows to monitor and control each one of the batteries in real time, either by means of a monitoring, control and communication unit, arranged in each of them or by means of a management device arranged remotely from the battery bank, which receives all the information on the operation of each of the batteries in the bank.
- isolation apparatus which includes an isolation circuit comprising multiple semiconductor switches arranged electrically in parallel to isolate, from an electrical system, a plurality of battery cells of a battery capable of providing high levels of current.
- the apparatus includes a microcontroller operatively coupled to the isolation circuitry, wherein the battery cells are isolated from the electrical system to which the battery is connected when the microcontroller turns off multiple semiconductor switches.
- the apparatus provides cell balancing, circuit isolation, trace matching, split columns, use of heat-bonded materials, and low-speed switching to provide safety through isolation, equalization, and stress reduction.
- the invention refers to a method and system for monitoring and controlling the state variables of at least one rechargeable battery, which allows anticipating and/or detecting faults and/or operating problems in it, thus allowing starting the respective preventive and/or corrective actions on one or more of said rechargeable batteries, providing more precise and real-time monitoring and control of each of the batteries that make up a battery bank.
- the present invention provides a method, battery and system that improves its accuracy in indicating preventive and/or corrective actions over time, thanks to the continuous storage of information and data obtained over time, with which the battery and the system feed back and learn for future indications of preventive and/or corrective actions.
- the characteristics and advantages mentioned for the present invention allow real-time monitoring of all the variables that affect the operation of a battery, providing vital information to the user or battery maintainer for decision-making regarding the best time to carry out a maintenance, repair or replacement of this, where a fundamental difference between the monitoring and control systems of the state of the art and the present invention is related to the impossibility of the former to be able to individually monitor each battery of a bank of batteries, having to resort to external devices that most of the time only deliver average parameters of the bank but not of each individual battery, making it impossible for the user or maintainer to identify the origin of a fault, which would allow the repair or replacement of only the battery or batteries that present the fault.
- the method for monitoring and controlling at least one rechargeable battery comprises the following steps:
- At least one protection and balancing unit comprising at least one voltage sensor
- the at least one protection and balancing unit comprising at least one current sensor
- the at least one protection and balancing unit comprising at least one temperature sensor
- At least one preventive and/or corrective action If it is appropriate to initiate at least one preventive and/or corrective action, carry out said preventive and/or corrective action in the at least one cell through the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or through the al least one management device; and use at least one of the data on voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, state of health, estimated time of charge, estimated time of discharge and estimated time of replacement for the at least one cell, in the evaluation of future actions preventive and/or corrective actions in said at least one cell by the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or by the at least one management device; where initiating at least one preventive action and/or one corrective action at least comprises:
- the method of the invention is carried out thanks to the protection and balancing unit and the control, monitoring and communication unit, comprised of each of rechargeable batteries in the user's battery bank.
- This allows real-time measurements of the most important operating variables to be obtained for each of the batteries in the bank. From the variables obtained by the protection and balancing unit, it is possible to determine status parameters of each of the batteries in the bank in real time.
- All information regarding operating variables and status parameters of each of the batteries is sent by each of the respective control, monitoring and communication units to at least one management device, which can be located in the close proximity or remotely to the battery bank.
- the control, monitoring and communication unit, as well as the management device are capable of analyzing the operating variables and battery status parameters, comparing the information obtained with pre-established value ranges for each of them, in order to evaluate the need to perform preventive and/or corrective action on the battery.
- the system has to regulate the energy flow that enters or leaves from the at least one cell, by means of at least one energy regulating element, where the order to vary said energy flow can come from the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit, and/or from the at least one management device.
- This allows the state of charge to be regulated for each of the batteries in the bank, in order to ensure that all the batteries in said bank are at the same level of charge and state of health, which helps improve performance. of the battery bank, increasing its useful life.
- a display device which can be arranged in each of the batteries and/or be part of the rechargeable energy supply system of the invention, shows all the information regarding the operating variables of the battery and the parameters status, so that the user of the system knows in real time the status of each of the batteries in the battery bank. Additionally, the management device is capable of displaying the information for each of the batteries in the bank through the display device, as well as additional information on the operation of said bank as a whole, determined through all the information received by of each of the batteries in the bank.
- the method further comprises emitting an audible alert, by means of at least one audible alarm, in the event that at least one of the data on voltage, current, temperature, estimated charging time and estimated download time are outside of at least one pre-established range for each of them.
- the sound alarm is located inside each of the bank batteries, where said sound alert allows, in the event of a problem due to an anomaly in the measured operating variables and/or determined status parameters, alert the user and/or people who may be in the vicinity of the battery bank so that they come closer to review the detected situation.
- the method further comprises sending an alert from the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or from the at least one management device, to the at least one monitoring device. display, in case at least one of the data on voltage, current, temperature, estimated charge time and estimated discharge time is out of at least one preset range for each of them.
- the control, monitoring and communication unit of each of the batteries, as well as the management device are capable of sending an alert to be viewed by the user or system maintenance operator in the event that an anomaly is detected in the values of one or more of the operating variables and/or the status parameters of certain.
- this is an advantage over traditional monitoring and control systems, since, in real time, the user or maintenance operator of the system knows the individual status of each of the batteries in the bank, where, when receive an alert from the control, monitoring and communication unit or from the management device, you will immediately know which battery or batteries have problems, being able to take the corresponding measures quickly and efficiently, avoiding having to intervene all the battery bank to find the problem.
- the method further comprises, in the event that at least one of the data on current, voltage and temperature for the at least one cell is outside the at least one preset range for each of them, cut the connection between the at least one rechargeable battery and the outside, by means of at least one disconnection element, and place the at least one rechargeable battery in a state of alert, by means of the at least one control unit, monitoring and communication and/or by means of at least one management device.
- regulating the flow of energy entering or leaving the at least one cell, by means of the at least one energy regulating element is carried out between an open and closed state.
- This embodiment of the invention allows the energy regulator element to act in a binary manner, that is, only allowing two states for energy input or output from the at least one cell, where either there is no input or output of energy, or the flow of energy is not limited in any way to or from the at least one cell.
- regulating the energy flow that enters or leaves the at least one cell, by means of the at least one energy regulating element is carried out between 0% of the energy flow that in or out at 100% power in or out.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the state of charge for the at least one cell is below the at least one preset range, during a charging process of the at least one rechargeable battery: increase the flow of energy to the at least one cell in which the data on state of charge is below at least one pre-established range, by means of its at least one energy regulator element.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the state of charge for the at least one cell is below the at least one preset range, during a charging process of the at least one rechargeable battery: establish communication between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and at least one other control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; o establish communication between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and the at least one management device, so that it establishes communication with at least one other control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; o establish a communication, through the management device, between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit with at least another control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; decrease the flow of energy to the at least one cell in the other rechargeable battery, by means of its at least one energy regulating element; and increase the energy flow towards the at least one cell in which the state of charge data is below the at least one pre-established range, by means of its at least one energy regulator element.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the state of charge for the at least one cell is within or above the at least one preset range, during a charging process of the at least one rechargeable battery: establish communication between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and at least one other control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; o establish communication between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and the at least one management device, so that it establishes communication with at least one other control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; either establish communication, by means of the management device, between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit with at least another control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; reduce the flow of energy to the at least one cell in which the data on the state of charge are within or above the at least one preset range, by means of its at least one energy regulator element; and increasing the flow of energy to the at least one cell in the other rechargeable battery, by means of its at least one energy regulating element.
- the last four modalities mentioned for the method of the invention are essential to ensure that the state of charge of each of the batteries in the battery bank is at the same level when the batteries in the bank are in a recharging process of energy, since, in the event that the state of charge of any of the batteries is below a pre-established range or value, for example, the average value of the state of charge of the complete battery bank in real time, the control unit control, monitoring and communication is capable of communicating with other batteries in the bank that are in or above the range or pre-established value for the state of charge, so that said battery or batteries with a higher energy level are configured through orders sent by their respective control, monitoring and communication units to their energy regulator elements to receive a smaller amount of energy per unit of time, thus allowing the battery with lower state of charge receives a greater flow of energy, also thanks to the order sent by its control, monitoring and communication unit to its energy regulator element, in order to ensure that they all have the same level of state of charge.
- control, monitoring and communication unit of the battery that finds a state of charge lower than the value or range established, communicates with the device of management, so that it is the one that locates the battery or batteries that have a state of charge in or above the established range, in order to order them to reduce the flow of energy they receive, thus increasing the flow of energy to the battery with a lower state of charge in the manner detailed above, until all are within the established range, so that the entire bank can maintain the same state of charge at all times.
- the four modalities just described also allow the possibility that the management device directly detects the need to regulate the charge in one or more cells in one or more of the batteries of the bank, said element establishing the communication between the respective control, monitoring and communication units that must give orders to regulate the flow of energy they receive.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the state of charge for the at least one cell is below the at least one preset range, during a discharge process of the at least one rechargeable battery: decrease the flow of energy that is discharged from the at least one cell in which the data on state of charge is below at least one pre-established range, through its at least one energy regulator element.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the state of charge for the at least one cell is below the at least one preset range, during a discharge process of the at least one rechargeable battery: establish communication between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and at least one other control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; o establish communication between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and the at least one management device, so that it establishes communication with at least one other control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; o establish a communication, through the management device, between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit with at least another control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; increase the flow of energy that is discharged from the at least one cell in the other rechargeable battery, by means of its at least one energy regulating element; and reduce the flow of energy that is discharged from the at least one cell in which the data on the state of charge is below the at least one preset range, by means of its at least one energy regulator
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the state of charge for the at least one cell is within or above the at least one preset range, during a discharge process of the at least a rechargeable battery: establish communication between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and at least one other control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; o establish communication between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and the at least one management device, so that it establishes communication with at least one other control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; establish communication, by means of the management device, between the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit with at least another control, monitoring and communication unit associated with another rechargeable battery; increase the flow of energy that is discharged from the at least one cell in which the data on the state of charge is within or above the at least one preset range, by means of its at least one energy regulator element; and decrease the flow of energy that is discharged from the at least one cell in the other rechargeable battery, by means of its at least one
- the last four modalities of the invention point to the balance of charges between the batteries of the battery bank when it is in a discharge process, for which the method works in a similar way to that mentioned for the case when the bank is in a loading process, also having the advantages already mentioned for said case in which the bank is being loaded.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on state of charge for the at least one cell is at its maximum value, stopping the flow of energy to the at least one cell , by at least one power regulator element. This mode allows the battery to no longer receive power, which can be used for other batteries that are not yet fully charged.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on state of charge for the at least one cell is at or below a minimum value, stopping the flow of energy that is discharge from the at least one cell, by means of the at least one energy regulating element.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on state of charge for the at least one cell is at or below the minimum value, emitting an audible alert through the at least an audible alarm.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on state of charge for the at least one cell is at or below the minimum value, sending an alert from the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or from the at least one management device, to the at least one display device.
- the two modalities just described allow the user or operator maintaining the battery bank to know in real time if one or more of the batteries has reached a minimum charge level, so that they can check if the causes of said low level of energy are due to a drop in the production of electrical energy in the source that recharges the batteries, to an overconsumption by the sources fed by the battery bank or to a failure in the bank.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the health status data for the at least one cell is below the at least one pre-established range, reducing charge/discharge cycles in the at least one cell, through the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or through the at least one management device, until the health status data for the at least one cell is within the at least one pre-established range.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the health status data for the at least one cell is above the at least one preset range, increasing the charge/discharge cycles in the at least one cell, through the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or through the at least one management device, until the data on health status for the at least one cell is within the at least a preset range.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the health status data for the at least one cell is at or below a minimum value, emitting an audible alert by means of the al least one audible alarm.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the health status data for the at least one cell is at or below its minimum value, sending an alert from the at least a control, monitoring and communication unit and/or from the at least one management device, to the at least one display device indicating the need for review for the at least one cell.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the health status data for the at least one cell is at or below its minimum value, stopping the flow of energy received or discharge from the at least one cell, by means of the at least one energy regulator element, and place the at least one at least one rechargeable battery in a state of alert, by means of the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or by means of the at least one management device.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the estimated replacement time for the at least one cell is below the at least one pre-established range, decreasing some charge/charge cycles. discharge in the at least one cell until the data on the estimated replacement time for the at least one cell are within at least one pre-established range, through the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or through the at least a management device.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the estimated replacement time for the at least one cell is above the at least one pre-established range, increasing some charge cycles/ discharge in the at least one cell until the data on the estimated replacement time for the at least one cell are within at least one pre-established range, through the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or through the at least a management device.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on the estimated replacement time for the at least one cell is at or below a minimum value, emitting an audible alert by means of the at least one audible alarm
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on estimated replacement time for the at least one cell is at or below its minimum value, sending an alert from the to the least one control, monitoring and communication unit and/or from the at least one management device, to the at least one display device indicating the need for replacement for the at least one cell
- Knowing the estimated replacement time for each of the batteries that make up a battery bank allows the user or maintenance operator of the battery bank to batteries know immediately if one or more batteries in the bank need to be replaced, thus reducing the time that the bank's energy storage capacity is affected, thanks to the fact that necessary replacements can be carried out quickly.
- the method further comprises, in the event that the data on estimated replacement time for the at least one cell is at or below its minimum value, stopping the flow of energy that is received or discharged from the at least one cell, through the at least one energy regulator element, and place the at least one at least one rechargeable battery in a state of alert, through the at least one control unit, monitoring and communication and/or by means of the at least one management device.
- the method further comprises measuring the impedance of the at least one cell, by means of the at least one protection and balancing unit, comprising at least one impedance sensor.
- the method further comprises measuring the humidity outside the at least one cell, by means of the at least one protection and balancing unit, comprising at least one humidity sensor.
- the method further comprises measuring the salinity outside the at least one cell, by means of the at least one protection and balancing unit, comprising at least one salinity sensor.
- At least one of the steps of determining a state of charge, determining a state of health, determining an estimated time of charge, determining an estimated time of discharge, and determining an estimated time replacement, for the at least one cell by means of the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit, it also comprises using at least one of the impedance, humidity and salinity data of the at least one cell.
- the method further comprises measuring the vibrations in the rechargeable battery, by means of a vibration sensor. This allows each of the batteries to be monitored in case they suffer a fall, an object falls on them or they have an unexpected displacement.
- the method further comprises monitoring the position of the rechargeable battery, by means of a locator element, which allows the user or maintenance operator to know the location of each of the batteries in the bank, in case one or more of them are stolen by a third party.
- the method further comprises measuring the pressure inside the rechargeable battery, by means of a pressure sensor.
- a pressure sensor In some occasions, due to a malfunction of the battery, there may be generation or leakage of gases from the cells, which can increase the pressure inside the battery, which is generally hermetically sealed. This can be dangerous and could cause the battery to explode. For this reason, it is important to have a pressure sensor that monitors this condition in each of the banks' batteries.
- the method further comprises monitoring the opening and closing of an external casing of the rechargeable battery, by means of an opening sensor. This allows only authorized personnel to have access to the interior of the batteries in the battery bank, to carry out maintenance and/or repair tasks.
- the method further comprises comparing at least one of the data obtained on vibrations, position, pressure and opening and closing of the external casing with at least one range of preset values for each of them in the at least one control and monitoring unit and in the at least one management device.
- the method further comprises, in the event that one or more of the data on vibrations, position, pressure and opening and closing of the external casing are outside the at least one range of values preset for each of them, emit an audible alert through at least one audible alarm.
- the method further comprises, in the event that one or more of the data on vibrations, position, pressure and opening and closing of the external casing are outside of at least one range of values preset for each of them, send an alert from the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit to the at least one display device.
- an alert from the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit to the at least one display device.
- Being able to have audible alerts or through the display device allow the user or maintenance operator to know immediately in the event that something unexpected happens with one or more of the batteries in the battery bank, allowing immediate action to be taken in if necessary, for example, in the event of theft of one or more batteries by a third party or in the event that any of them is at risk of causing an accident.
- a rechargeable battery comprising:
- connection elements - at least two connection elements
- At least one protection and balancing unit comprising:
- the battery further comprises at least one display device.
- the display device is located in the outer casing of the rechargeable battery.
- the at least one protection and balancing unit also comprises at least one disconnection element.
- the battery also comprises at least one audible alarm.
- the battery further comprises at least one impedance sensor.
- the battery further comprises at least one humidity sensor.
- the battery further comprises at least one salinity sensor.
- the at least one protection and balancing unit and the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit carry out data communications through cables.
- the at least one protection and balancing unit and the at least one control, monitoring and communication unit carry out data communications through wireless networks 3G, 4G, 5G, Bluetooth, infrared , radio frequency, NFC, Wifi, LoRa, LoRaWan or any other network that allows wireless communication.
- the last two modalities of the invention allow the user or maintenance operator of the battery bank to obtain and view the data and parameters of said bank, either through cables, which could be useful for banks of reduced size or located in areas where wireless communication is not possible, or through wireless networks, which is useful if you have a bank made up of a large number of batteries, where the use of cables is not feasible .
- the possibility of sending the data and parameters obtained for each of the batteries in the bank through wireless networks is a feature that is not present in practically any of the existing batteries in the state of the art, where, those that do have this wireless communication capacity can only do so for a limited number of batteries, given the energy consumption that this form of communication implies, generally through GPRS and GSM networks.
- the present invention solves this problem through the use of wireless communication media that consume much less energy, such as LoRa, LoRaWan or radiofrequency, which are also much cheaper. This is fundamental in batteries that work by accumulating solar energy, where the maximum accumulation capacity of the generation systems must be used.
- the battery further comprises at least one vibration sensor.
- the battery further comprises at least one locator element.
- the battery further comprises at least one pressure sensor.
- the battery further comprises at least one opening sensor.
- At least one of the impedance sensor, the humidity sensor, the salinity sensor, the vibration sensor, the locator element and the pressure sensor is comprised of at least one protection and balancing unit.
- At least one of the impedance sensor, the humidity sensor, the salinity sensor, the vibration sensor, the locator element and the pressure sensor is comprised of at least one unit of sensors.
- a rechargeable energy supply system comprising:
- the present invention through its different preferred configurations, is not only capable of anticipating and detecting failures in the operation of one or more batteries, but also has the ability to manage or administer energy in each of them, that is, decide whether or not energy should be supplied, how much energy should be delivered, for how long energy should be delivered, at what rate energy should be delivered, etc. .
- These characteristics associated with the management or administration of energy in each of the batteries of the battery bank is a key difference in relation to the Battery Management System (BMS) that some of the current solutions implemented in battery banks have. batteries, which, although they have the capacity to monitor a limited number of batteries and communicate the information to a centralized management system, they are not capable of managing the energy in each of the batteries they are monitoring.
- BMS Battery Management System
- Said control in the management of energy in each of the batteries of the bank depends on mathematical algorithms that allow the system to learn from the conditions of the environment in which it is operating, feeding on the information collected through learning functions of machines, making the system more robust and efficient in its operation as time goes by.
- This allows the system, for the case mentioned in which the battery bank is directly connected to the electrical network, or in the case in which it is only supplying energy to loads, or in the case that the system is operating in a system mixed, supply different amounts of energy, depending on the requirements and/or utilities to be maximized by energy delivery.
- the user could indicate to the system the specific hours of the day in which the bank should dedicate itself to storing energy, or to store or discharge in percentages. during certain periods of time or at some specific time, or that sends pulses of energy in a certain time range, indicating the type of pulse, which could be increasing, decreasing or sinusoidal or other waveform.
- the modalities of the present invention allow the connection of batteries with different useful lives (state of health or longevity), since the system has the capacity to regulate the charge/discharge cycles of each of the batteries.
- batteries connected to the bank from the energy management that is carried out through the management device and/or through the protection and balancing unit of each of the batteries.
- This is not a minor characteristic of the present invention, given that batteries with different longevity states are never installed in current battery banks, since in this case some batteries will end their useful life before others, and the user will have to identify them once. for one, which implies using large amounts of resources and time.
- the method and system of the invention make it possible to increase the useful life of the battery bank, mainly for the same reason explained above, thanks to which it is possible to maintain all the batteries in the bank with the same state of health, life useful or longevity, thus maximizing the useful life of the complete battery bank, since the system will regulate the charge/discharge cycles of all the batteries so that they end their useful life at the same time, not happening the phenomenon that occurs in current battery banks, where, despite having control devices or systems, the batteries begin to end their useful life at different times, causing the entire bank to end its useful life earlier than expected.
- the configurations presented allow the performance of the battery bank to be increased, compared to current battery banks, since each of the batteries in the bank has the ability to regulate the charge/discharge rate to balance their charge states at the same value, thus allowing the battery bank to be used at its maximum operating capacity. If this function were not present and there were some batteries with different states of charge, the capacity of the bank would not be the same as that specified by the manufacturer or installer, since it is conditioned by the state of charge of the batteries. more unbalanced, thus affecting the total capacity of the system and generating accelerated aging in some batteries. The consequence of this is that the user would not make the most of the bank's storage capacity, leading to economic losses due to the need to install oversized banks to cover the loss of performance.
- the method and system of the invention make it possible to make mega-industrial capacity battery banks (hundreds of batteries) using smaller batteries, suitable both for use in industrial-type systems and for smaller home-type systems.
- the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring and controlling the state variables of at least one rechargeable battery in a battery bank, which allows predicting and/or detecting faults and/or operating problems in them. , thanks to a more precise and real-time monitoring and control than that offered by the solutions currently available in the state of the art, in addition to keeping each of the batteries in the bank operating in ideal conditions, thus maximizing the life use of the complete battery bank, which is capable of always operating at its maximum capacity.
- Figure 1 shows the layout of a battery bank control and monitoring system, according to the state of the art.
- Figure 2 shows problems associated with the control and monitoring system of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 shows a first solution to problems presented in battery bank control and monitoring systems, according to the state of the art.
- Figure 4 shows a second solution to problems presented in battery bank control and monitoring systems, according to the state of the art.
- Figure 5 shows a schematic of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 6 shows a first operating scheme of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the battery. invention.
- Figure 7 shows a second operating scheme of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 8 shows a third operating scheme of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 9 shows a fourth operation scheme of the control and monitoring system of a bank of rechargeable batteries, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 10 shows a fifth operating scheme of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 11 shows a sixth operation scheme of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 12 shows an isometric view of the rechargeable battery, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 13 shows an internal view of the rechargeable battery, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- Figure 1 shows a scheme of a solution currently used in the industry, which essentially corresponds to the use of conventional equipment, such as inverters or charge regulators, which have with the ability to measure in real time some variables of a group of batteries, such as voltage and current, in addition to being able to estimate others, such as temperature, state of charge, state of health and charging/discharging times of the battery group.
- Some of these computers can also be remotely monitored via a wired or wireless connection.
- the cost of these devices grows exponentially and they have certain limitations, since they are closed systems that work with equipment, accessories, or batteries from the same manufacturers, where the configuration and enabling of monitoring is not easy to do. by people who are not experts in the field. For this reason, remote monitoring is generally not implemented since it is a high-cost solution and also requires technical knowledge to enable it.
- FIG. 2 it aims to visualize one of the problems of current control and monitoring systems, aimed at misinterpreting data and identifying problems.
- the problem with measuring and estimating the state variables of an energy storage system is that information is usually obtained about a set of batteries and not about each one specifically. This is highly relevant since a misinterpretation can be generated in the data reading, due to the variability in the operation of each one of the batteries, and, depending on the configuration of the connections, the bank may be conditioned to the link weakest in the chain.
- Figure 3 shows a solution to the problems presented in battery bank control and monitoring systems, according to the state of the art.
- a battery-based energy storage system if there is a problem with a battery-based energy storage system, if specialized equipment or instruments are not available, it is need to investigate the source of the problem.
- one of the most common ways is the electrical and physical inspection of each of the batteries. This is done manually one by one with a voltmeter or other hand tool, which allows general voltage measurements to be made and to sense that there is a problem.
- this battery-by-battery physical inspection solution can be time consuming, high cost, and require field staff. Depending on the size of the battery bank, this task is tedious and lengthy, so costs are incurred not only for the inspection itself, but also for extended system downtime.
- figure 4 shows another solution to the problems presented in battery bank control and monitoring systems, according to the state of the art.
- the use of highly specialized and high-end equipment that is normally only found in the photovoltaic industry. For this reason, these equipments are expensive, not only because of their high degree of specialization, but also because of their installation cost, since they need to be wired to each of the batteries, implying an extensive installation time and professional electrical planning, because it is essential to strategically organize the large distribution of cables and conductors that will be obtained when using this system, since there could be tens or hundreds of batteries for each bank.
- this type of solution has another major physical problem, which is related to the fact that only a certain number of batteries can be connected to a single piece of equipment, having to acquire several more if you want to monitor the status variables of all the batteries. of a battery bank, making this solution economically impossible.
- figure 5 shows a diagram of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- the proposed solution consists of a system that provides batteries that have the ability to be monitored and controlled remotely or autonomously through machine learning or artificial intelligence techniques, which has a series of associated benefits, according to what is mentioned below. throughout this specification.
- the batteries that make up the bank have the capacity to store information, or to send this information to an external management system to be stored and viewed by a user or maintenance operator through a display device, such as a smartphone. , a computer, a tablet, etc.
- Figure 6 shows one of the operating modes of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention. Being able to count on the detail of the status of the operating variables of each of the batteries in a bank individually allows a problem to be identified in a timely manner, saving significant costs and time in said identification task, solving the problem or malfunction. quickly and accurately.
- the intelligent system provides tools that allow identifying what, how, when, where and why a malfunction or problem occurred in one or more batteries of the bank.
- the batteries of the present invention can communicate wirelessly, through a data cloud or other means, allowing their operating parameters to be displayed on different devices, giving rise to new business opportunities such as comprehensive energy storage service (monitoring, maintenance, etc.).
- FIG. 7 shows another mode of operation of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- the batteries of the present invention have a control system, operated through the protection and balancing device, which allows regulating the energy that enters or leaves them independently, which entails several benefits in terms of efficiency and functionality. For example, it is possible to cut off the supply remotely, for security reasons, when some parameter is out of the desired.
- Algorithms for regulating the flow of energy can also be configured according to what is deemed convenient, for example, with the variation in the price of electricity, or during specific times of the day, allowing the batteries to be charged or discharged in a particular time, in a desired way and at a desired rate, thus having a absolute control of the battery bank. It should be noted that this control system can be managed remotely through the management device or autonomously by each of the bank's batteries through the control, monitoring and communication device of each of them.
- FIG. 8 shows an additional mode of operation of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention. Thanks to the fact that the batteries of the present invention have the ability to control and regulate the incoming or outgoing energy in each of them individually and because they also have the ability to communicate the state of charge of each one, either between batteries or through the management device, it is possible for the entire battery bank to balance the state of charge of all its batteries. This is achieved by speeding up the upload/download process of some, while slowing down others.
- the advantage of having a balanced battery bank at all times is that in this way there are no weak links that condition the operation of the bank, taking advantage of the maximum capacity of all the batteries, not limiting the bank to the remaining energy of which is in a more critical state.
- figure 9 shows an additional mode of operation of the control and monitoring system of a bank of rechargeable batteries, according to a preferred configuration of the invention.
- the battery bank since it is possible to control or regulate the incoming or outgoing energy for each battery individually and because they also have the ability to communicate the state of charge of each one, either between batteries or through the management device , it is possible for the battery bank to balance the health status of all its batteries. This is achieved by accelerating the charge/discharge process of some, while slowing down others, in order to increase or decrease charge/discharge cycles and, consequently, their state of health.
- the advantage of having a balanced battery bank is that there are no weak links that condition the operation of the bank, thus taking advantage of the maximum useful life of all the batteries, not limiting itself to the one with the shortest useful life. This allows the battery bank to have a longer useful life and the corresponding replacements to be carried out. uniformly, thus being able to schedule a single scheduled maintenance or replacement for the entire bank and not individually or by battery groups, reducing system downtime.
- figure 10 shows another additional mode of operation of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention. It shows that, since the connectivity is wireless, there is the possibility of scaling the solution in an unlimited way, unlike other devices that can solve the problem with cables, which have a clear physical and electronic limitation, due to the number of devices that are capable of monitoring simultaneously.
- this shows another additional mode of operation of the control and monitoring system of a rechargeable battery bank, according to a preferred configuration of the invention. Thanks to the possibility of storing historical data regarding the operating parameters of all the batteries in a battery bank, it is possible to use advanced analysis and prediction tools associated with machine learning algorithms, in order to predict when it will be necessary to carry out a maintenance and thus be able to schedule system maintenance in advance. This has great benefits when it comes to anticipating the customer when the maintenance will be carried out, ensuring that his battery bank is always operational. In addition, it allows companies to efficiently manage the resources available for maintenance operations and activities associated with them.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 show different views of the rechargeable battery of the invention, where, in figure 12, an isometric view of the rechargeable battery (10) is observed, which mainly comprises an outer casing (12) and at least two connection elements (1 1), such as terminals.
- the rechargeable battery (10) comprises at least one cell (13), such as a lithium cell or other material that allows energy storage, a protection and balancing device (14 ), which in turn comprises a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor.
- the rechargeable battery (10) comprises a control, monitoring and communication device (15) and may optionally include an audible alarm (17) and a sensor unit (16), which may comprise at least one impedance sensor, a humidity sensor, a salinity sensor, a vibration sensor, a locator element and a pressure sensor.
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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CN202180086298.0A CN116686181A (zh) | 2020-10-23 | 2021-10-22 | 监视和控制至少一个可充电电池的方法、可充电电池、可充电电源系统 |
US18/249,587 US20230393211A1 (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2021-10-22 | A method for monitoring and controlling at least one rechargeable battery, a rechargeable battery, a rechargeable power supply system |
AU2021363139A AU2021363139A1 (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2021-10-22 | A method for monitoring and controlling at least one rechargeable battery. a rechargeable battery. a rechargeable power supply system |
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CL2762-2020 | 2020-10-23 | ||
CL2020002762A CL2020002762A1 (es) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Un método para monitorear y controlar al menos una batería recargable. una batería recargable. un sistema recargable de suministro de energía. |
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WO2022082328A1 true WO2022082328A1 (es) | 2022-04-28 |
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US (1) | US20230393211A1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN116686181A (es) |
AU (1) | AU2021363139A1 (es) |
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CN116930774A (zh) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-24 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第七一二研究所) | 一种电池健康状态估计校正方法及装置 |
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EP3121613A1 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2017-01-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Degradation estimation method, degradation estimation system, and degradation estimation program |
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2020
- 2020-10-23 CL CL2020002762A patent/CL2020002762A1/es unknown
-
2021
- 2021-10-22 CN CN202180086298.0A patent/CN116686181A/zh active Pending
- 2021-10-22 WO PCT/CL2021/050104 patent/WO2022082328A1/es active Application Filing
- 2021-10-22 AU AU2021363139A patent/AU2021363139A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-22 US US18/249,587 patent/US20230393211A1/en active Pending
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US9214822B2 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2015-12-15 | The University Of Akron | Battery pack manager unit and method for using same to extend the life of a battery pack |
US8710800B2 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2014-04-29 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Vehicle battery with cell balancing current paths and method of charging the same |
EP3121613A1 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2017-01-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Degradation estimation method, degradation estimation system, and degradation estimation program |
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CN116930774A (zh) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-24 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第七一二研究所) | 一种电池健康状态估计校正方法及装置 |
CN116930774B (zh) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-12-22 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶集团有限公司第七一二研究所) | 一种电池健康状态估计校正方法及装置 |
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AU2021363139A1 (en) | 2023-06-22 |
CL2020002762A1 (es) | 2020-12-28 |
US20230393211A1 (en) | 2023-12-07 |
CN116686181A (zh) | 2023-09-01 |
AU2021363139A9 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
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