WO2022078515A1

WO2022078515A1 - Shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system carried on tbm, and monitoring method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2022078515A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/124211
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘征宇; 陈磊; 左志武; 许新骥; 薛志超; 任玉晓; 张亚勤; 邓朝阳; 张永恒; 俄广迅; 李志杰
Original assignee: 山东大学; 山东高速集团有限公司
Priority date: 2020-10-16
Filing date: 2021-10-15
Publication date: 2022-04-21
Also published as: AU2021359790B2; AU2021359790A9; CN112414338A; AU2021359790A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring. Provided is a shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system carried on a TBM, and a monitoring method thereof. The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system carried on a TBM comprises: an ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving apparatus, which is used for transmitting, during the TBM tunneling process, an ultrasonic wave to surrounding rock, receiving the ultrasonic wave reflected by the surrounding rock, and sending, to a filtering apparatus, ultrasonic wave information including a transmission time, a receiving time and position information; the filtering apparatus, which is used for denoising and converting an acoustic wave signal and then transferring same to a data processing apparatus; the data processing apparatus, which is used for calculating, on the basis of the ultrasonic wave information, the distance between a shield and the surrounding rock at a corresponding position and at a certain moment, and classifying and summarizing ultrasonic wave information sent at different positions; and a display early-warning apparatus, which is used for displaying the distances between the shield and the surrounding rock at the same position but at different moments or at the same moment but at different positions, and giving, according to the sizes of the distances and changes therein, early warning determination for a TBM being jammed. While not affecting the operation of a TBM, the distance between a shield and surrounding rock can be obtained anytime and anywhere, such that the shield jamming risk of the TBM is predicted, thereby ensuring the tunnel safety.

Description

A TBM-mounted shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring, and in particular relates to a shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method carried by a TBM.

Background technique

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

Due to the characteristics of large burial depth and long distance, mountain tunnels lead to complex and changeable geological conditions. TBM will encounter various geological conditions during the excavation process. When the TBM passes through bad geology (broken surrounding rock, weak surrounding rock, etc.), due to the disturbance of the TBM, the surrounding surrounding rock is easily crushed and deformed, which will have a certain impact on the TBM shield. If it is serious, it will cause the TBM card machine, which will seriously affect the construction progress and cause unnecessary economic losses. The inventor found that due to the closed nature of TBM construction, it is impossible to dynamically monitor the surrounding rock around the TBM, and the occurrence of the jamming machine is often known only when the TBM is completely jammed, thereby reducing the construction efficiency of the TBM.

Through data review, the inventor realized that compared with laser ranging, ultrasonic ranging has a longer wavelength, lower dissipation in the interference environment of TBM dust, more complete information transmitted and received, and higher accuracy. In addition, during the TBM tunneling process, the vibration is larger, the laser speed is faster, and greater errors are likely to occur. Therefore, ultrasonic ranging has a greater advantage than laser ranging. When TBM tunneling occurs, there are mainly two types. Reasons: The surrounding rock collapse jam machine, the surrounding rock extrusion deformation jam machine. In order to monitor the changes of surrounding rock more comprehensively, monitoring should be carried out around the TBM shield, not just in a single direction, and multi-parameter information collection should be carried out at the same time, including: distance, location, time, etc. Comprehensively carry out card machine early warning monitoring for TBM.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to better solve the above problems, the present invention provides a shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system and method mounted on a TBM, which can obtain the deformation between the shield and the surrounding rock anytime and anywhere without affecting the construction of the TBM. distance, predict the risk of TBM shield jamming, and ensure safe and efficient tunnel construction.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A first aspect of the present invention provides a shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on a TBM, which includes:

Ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device, which is used to transmit ultrasonic waves to surrounding rocks and receive ultrasonic waves reflected from surrounding rocks during the excavation process of TBM, and send ultrasonic information with transmission time, reception time and position information to the data processing device;

A data processing device, which is used to calculate the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at a certain moment in the corresponding position based on the ultrasonic information, and to classify and summarize the ultrasonic information sent from different positions;

Display warning device, which is used to display the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at different times at the same position or at different positions at the same time, and make early warning judgment for the TBM card machine according to the size and change of the distance.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a monitoring method for a shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system carried by a TBM, including:

During the excavation process and the shutdown process of TBM, the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device transmits and receives ultrasonic waves to the surrounding rock, and then transmits the acoustic signal to the data processing device. The distance change information between the shield and the surrounding rock is sent to the display early warning device, and the display early warning device aggregates and integrates multiple information, predicts the number of the TBM card machine that may be generated, and issues an early warning signal.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention creatively proposes a method of observing the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock by applying ultrasonic waves to predict the TBM card machine. The invention transmits the data obtained by the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device to the data processing device, and the data processing device converts the digital The signal is processed to obtain the distance change information and transmitted to the display early warning device. The display early warning device transmits the early warning signal to the monitoring and control device through the visual display of different points at the same time or different times at the same point, and at the same time, the position where the card machine is prone to occur. . On the premise of not affecting the construction of the TBM, the invention can obtain the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock anytime and anywhere, predict the risk of the TBM shield jamming machine, and ensure the safe and efficient construction of the tunnel.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

1 is a flowchart of a shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on a TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a structural diagram of a TBM-mounted shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a layout diagram of an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the acoustic wave information processing flow in the filtering device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring and early warning curve of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that There are features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.

In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. The orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only a relational word determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present invention. Invention limitations.

In the present invention, terms such as "fixed connection", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that it can be a fixed connection, an integral connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected, or through the middle The medium is indirectly connected. For the relevant scientific research or technical personnel in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific circumstances, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on the TBM of this embodiment at least includes an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device, a data processing device, and a display and warning device.

As shown in Figure 2, 1 is an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device, 2 is a filtering device, 3 and 4 are a data processing device and a monitoring and early warning device, respectively, 5 is not in the TBM, and is received through a mobile APP, which is a monitoring and control device, and 6 is a monitoring and control device. TBM main control room, of which 3 and 4 are in the main control room, responsible for TBM safety monitoring and early warning.

As shown in Figure 3, 1 is composed of circular slices and connecting lines, 7 is the surrounding rock of the tunnel, 8 is the transmitting wave, and 9 is the receiving wave. The circular sheet has an ultrasonic transmitting module, an ultrasonic receiving module and a time module, so that the time when the ultrasonic wave is transmitting and receiving can be obtained, so that the difference between the two can be obtained. The circular slices are evenly attached around the TBM shield, and each slice is numbered. The order of the numbering is not limited. It can be numbered horizontally (the same stake number is numbered first, then the next stake location) or vertical number (different stakes). The station position is numbered first, then the next column position). The circular slices are connected by a connecting line at the same station number position, and the end positions of the slices at different station number positions are connected by a connecting line.

Before taking on-the-spot measurements, you can check whether the sheet is good or bad, and check according to the number of the sheet. Since the excavation radius of the tunnel (diversion tunnel) varies in size, you can choose to install 5 or 7 circular slices on the same circumference of the shield. When the excavation radius is larger, choose to install 2 more slices; When using flakes, choose to install a group of circular flakes around the shield every 1 meter. When starting to work, 1 transmits 8 to 7, 7 reflects 9 and is received by 1, and then transmits to 2. Since the excavation radius ΔR of the tunnel (diversion tunnel) is generally less than 20cm, the propagation time of ultrasonic waves between the shield and the tunnel wall is very short (negligible), and the same slice is selected for ultrasonic transmission and reception, which can be considered without affecting the measurement. accuracy.

In order to improve the accuracy of data processing, a filtering device is also connected in series between the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device and the data processing device, and the data processing flow of the filtering device is shown in FIG. 4 .

Among them, 2 contains a denoising module and a conversion module, which performs denoising processing on the acoustic wave signal obtained by the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device, and converts the denoised acoustic wave signal into a digital signal that can be processed by the data processing device, and converts the converted digital signal. passed to the data processing device. The denoising module mainly removes noise. In the TBM construction, it is easy to generate large noise interference, mainly the noise generated by the TBM cutting rock. The ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device is perpendicular to the tunnel (assuming that it is longitudinal wave), and the main purpose is to remove the transverse wave and avoid the influence of the noise generated by the TBM excavation on the accuracy of the monitoring instrument. The conversion module converts the denoised sound wave signal into a digital signal so as to facilitate subsequent processing by the data processing device.

In this embodiment, 3 has a mathematical calculation module and a classification module, which calculates and processes the digital signals (time information and position information) obtained in 2, and calculates the distance between the shield and the tunnel surrounding rock at a certain point at a certain time. Change the speed, and at the same time perform summary processing on different chainages and numbered slices, and then pass the summary processed information to 4. The mathematical calculation module mainly performs intelligent calculation, performs difference processing on the obtained time information, and then multiplies the ultrasonic propagation speed by the time difference and multiplies it by half to obtain the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at this point. The classification module performs intelligent classification processing, which is the basis for displaying the warning device. The data is mainly divided into two categories, one is the distance information of different sheet numbers at the same time, and the other is the distance information of the same sheet number at different times.

In this embodiment, 4 includes a liquid crystal display screen and an early warning module, located in the main control room of the TBM. The liquid crystal display screen displays the distance information obtained by the data processing device on the liquid crystal display screen after image processing. There are two plane coordinate display methods:

(1) Distance information of different sheet numbers at the same time: the abscissa is the number, and the ordinate is the distance. In this way, at the same time, as the slice number changes, the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock changes. Through distance changes, it is possible to predict where TBM jamming is more likely to occur.

(2) Distance information at different times at the same number: the abscissa is time, and the ordinate is distance.

In this way, the change in the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at the same position over time can be obtained. If the distance is decreasing or even accelerating, the risk of TBM jamming may be relatively high. The early warning module gives early warning to the position where the TBM is prone to jamming according to the distance change displayed on the LCD screen.

When the TBM is shut down, when the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at a certain position is decreasing continuously and has a tendency to accelerate, an early warning signal should be issued for this position; during the TBM excavation process, due to the vibration of the TBM, the shield and surrounding The distance information between rocks fluctuates. When the fluctuation shows a downward trend and the speed increases, an early warning is given to this position. (As shown in Figure 5)

In this embodiment, 4 is also connected to 5 through a network.

4 When an early warning signal is issued, the position of the early warning is marked in bold in red, which is easy to read, and the early warning signal is sent to 5.

5 It can be realized by mobile phone terminal. The construction personnel receive the image processed by the display warning device through the mobile terminal, so that the construction personnel can accurately grasp the deformation of the surrounding rock inside the tunnel in real time. Handling and solving measures, so that TBM can safely and efficiently pass through dangerous areas and ensure construction safety. In addition, the construction personnel can use the frequency of 5 ultrasonic emission, for example, when passing through soft rock formations and relatively broken rock masses, the frequency of ultrasonic emission can be increased; similarly, the surrounding rock that passes through is relatively hard as a whole. When rocking, the frequency of ultrasonic emission can be shortened.

The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on the TBM of this embodiment is uniformly powered by the power supply in the tunnel. The slices of the above-mentioned ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device are connected in series and function independently, and the inspection is carried out according to the slice number during maintenance. When the tunnel passes through the fractured zone of the fault, because the fault is a cavity, the ultrasonic wave cannot be reflected after it is transmitted, so it cannot be received. The resulting distance is very large, and this data should be deleted later.

The monitoring method of the shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system carried by the TBM of this embodiment includes:

According to the geological conditions of the stratum ahead, set the transmission period of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device;

Arrangement 1. According to the excavation diameter of the actual tunnel, choose to arrange circular slices at the same circumference of the TBM, arrange a group of circular slices at each preset distance, connect them by connecting lines, number each slice, and pass all slices through The connecting lines are connected with 2, 3 and 4 in turn;

Turn on the power and test each circular sheet to ensure that each circular sheet is in normal use during the construction process of TBM;

During the excavation process of TBM, 1 transmits and receives ultrasonic waves to the surrounding rock (as shown in Figure 3), and then transmits the acoustic signal to 2, 2 for data denoising and signal conversion processing, and transmits it to 3, 3 for information processing Calculate, get the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at a certain position at a certain time, send the distance information to 4, 4 will aggregate and integrate multiple information, predict the number of the TBM card machine that may be generated, and issue an early warning signal.

Among them, 4 summarizes and integrates multiple information to obtain two kinds of images: (1) distance changes of different numbers at the same time (2) distance changes of the same number at different times, for each size or change of distance, it is predicted that a TBM card may be generated. The number of the machine, the early warning signal is issued, the red bold mark is marked in red, and the image and the early warning signal are sent to 5. Party A, the supervision unit and the construction personnel can monitor it in real time, and propose corresponding treatment measures according to the early warning signal.

In this embodiment, the method of observing the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock by using ultrasonic waves is used to predict the TBM card machine. The present invention transmits the data obtained from 1 to 2, and 2 removes the noise and simultaneously converts the sound wave signal into The numerical information is passed to 3, 3, and the digital signal is processed to obtain the distance information, and the distance information is passed to 4, 4. Through the visual display of different points at the same time or different times at the same point, and at the same time early warning of the position where the card machine is prone to occur, the early warning signal passed to 5. On the premise of not affecting the construction of the TBM, the invention can obtain the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock anytime and anywhere, predict the risk of the TBM shield jamming machine, and ensure the safe and efficient construction of the tunnel.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system carried by a TBM, characterized in that it includes:

Ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device, which is used to transmit ultrasonic waves to surrounding rocks and receive ultrasonic waves reflected from surrounding rocks during the excavation process of TBM, and send ultrasonic information with transmission time, reception time and position information to the data processing device;

A data processing device, which is used to calculate the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at a certain moment in the corresponding position based on the ultrasonic information, and to classify and summarize the ultrasonic information sent from different positions;

Display warning device, which is used to display the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at different times at the same position or at different positions at the same time, and make early warning judgment for the TBM card machine according to the size and change of the distance.
The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on the TBM according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device is a circular slice, and the circular slices at the same position are connected in series by connecting lines, and the circular slices at different positions are connected in series. The circular sheets are connected in series by the sheets at the ends.
The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on the TBM according to claim 2, wherein each circular slice is provided with a corresponding number.
The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on the TBM according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device comprises an ultrasonic transmitting module, an ultrasonic receiving module, a time module and a positioning module, and the ultrasonic transmitting module is used for transmitting to the surrounding rock. Ultrasonic, the ultrasonic receiving module is used to receive reflected ultrasonic waves, the time module is used to record the time of ultrasonic transmission and reception, and the positioning module is used to locate the position information of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device.
The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on the TBM according to claim 1, wherein a filtering device is further connected in series between the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device and the data processing device.
The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on the TBM according to claim 5, wherein the filtering device comprises a de-noising module and a conversion module, the de-noising module is used to eliminate shear waves, and the conversion module is used to eliminate shear waves. Ultrasonic information is converted into digital signals.
The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on a TBM according to claim 1, wherein the display and warning device is further connected to a monitoring and control device.
The shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system mounted on a TBM according to claim 1, wherein in the display and early warning device, when the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at a certain position is continuously decreasing and has a tendency to accelerate , an early warning signal is issued for this position.
A monitoring method for a shield surrounding rock deformation monitoring system carried by a TBM as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, comprising:

During the tunneling process of TBM, the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device transmits and receives ultrasonic waves to the surrounding rock, and then transmits the acoustic signal to the filtering device, which denoises and transforms the acoustic signal and transmits it to the data processing device. The information is processed and calculated to obtain the distance between the shield and the surrounding rock at a certain position at a certain time, and the distance information is sent to the display early warning device. , to issue an early warning signal.