WO2022074618A1

WO2022074618A1 - Box template and assembly method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2022074618A1
Application number: PCT/IB2021/059234
Authority: WO
Inventors: Paulo Jorge MARQUES CORREIA; Eduardo BELO ALVES
Original assignee: CARREIRA ALVES, Vânia Filipa
Priority date: 2020-10-08
Filing date: 2021-10-08
Publication date: 2022-04-14
Also published as: PT116810A; WO2022074618A4

Abstract

The present application arises from the need to lower the total costs of packaging for fragile articles that require packaging during their transport. Thus, the present patent application describes a box template composed of two separate halves or half boxes, wherein each is assembled from a single template. This allows the assembly process to be uniform and to have reduced labor requirements. The fact that each half box is constructed from a single template, preferably of cardboard, reduces the amount of material and parts required to provide the packed articles with both protection and cushioning. Despite being made of a single piece, the template comprises structures that, when assembled, provide cushioning for the packed articles.

Description

DESCRIPTION

"PLANNING FOR BOX AND RESPECTIVE ASSEMBLY METHOD"

technical domain

The present application relates to a plan for a box, preferably in cardboard, for transporting parcels as well as its respective assembly method.

background

Currently, it is observed that the packaging requirements result from the increasing and more representative volume of sales by mail. This is the E-commerce that the internet has become increasingly common.

Thus, it is necessary to guarantee that the packaged product is protected against possible falls during the travel time, which elapses from the beginning of the shipment, at the supplier, until the delivery of the order to the final customer.

This problem is all the greater the more fragile the product shipped. This is the case with utilitarian ceramic tableware, namely plates, which are extremely fragile pieces to impact and, therefore, difficult to transport by mail without any product breakages.

The great requirement of this type of packaging is the high rigidity of the box and the damping of the impact to protect the packaged product.

The described plan allows the assembly of a box as described in the present patent application represents an advance in relation to the existing boxes in the state of the art. technique, replacing other more complex and expensive types of boxes.

summary

The present patent application describes a layout for a box, wherein the respective box comprises two equal half-cases, wherein the layout for each half-box comprises: first face (F) which corresponds to the spine of the box, wherein the first face (F) is flexibly connected on both sides to two second faces (A1, A2 ) that correspond to the side faces of the box, where each second face (A1, A2 ) is flexibly connected to a third face (C1, C2) , where every third face (C1, C2 ) is doubly connected to a fourth face (G1, G2 ) , where every fourth face (G1, G2 ) is doubly connected to a fifth face (D1, D2 ) in such a way that when folded, each third (C1, C2), fourth (G1, G2) and fifth (D1, D2) faces form an air gap; two faces (E1 and E2) flexibly connected at each end first face (F), wherein each of the two faces (E1 and E2) is flexibly connected on both sides by two tabs (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) , respectively), such that, when folded, the flaps (B1, B4, B2, B3) fit into the spaces created by the folds between the second (A1, A2) and third (C1, C2) faces.

In one embodiment, the flat pattern further comprises a face I (I1, I2) flexibly connected to an end of the fourth face (G1, G2).

In one embodiment, the flat pattern further comprises a face J (J1, J2) collapsibly positioned between the second face (A1, A2 ) and the third face (C1, C2) where face J(J1, J2) has a width equal to the thickness of the flat pattern material.

In one embodiment, the second face (A1, A2) has a length equal to the width.

In one embodiment, the plan is of cellulosic material, preferably cardboard.

The present patent application also describes the method of assembling a box from the above-described flattening, the method comprising the following steps: bending each of the fifth faces (D1, D2) under each of the fourth faces (G1, D2) G2 ) , respectively, until they make a 90° angle to each other; fold each of the fourth faces (G1, G2 ) under each of the third faces (C1, C2), respectively, until they make a 90° angle to each other and a 180° angle between each of the third faces (C1, C2) ) and the respective fifth faces (D1, D2); bending each of the third faces (C1, C2) under each of the second faces (A1, A2), respectively, until they make an angle of 180° to each other and forming a space between the two faces; folding each of the second faces (A1, A2) under the first face (F) so that the second faces make a 90° angle with the first face (F); fold each of the flaps (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) under each of the two faces E1 and E2, respectively, so that each flap (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) makes a 90° angle to each other respective face E1 and E2; fold each of the faces E1 and E2 under the first face F until they make a 90° angle to each other, during which during this folding, each of the tabs (B1, B2, B3, B4) fits into the space between the second ones (A1 , A2 ) and third (C1, C2) faces.

The present patent application is also related to the box obtained according to the process described above.

In one embodiment, the box as described in the present application is used to package ceramic products.

In another embodiment the box as described in the present application is used to package bottles.

General description

The present application arises from the need to develop a box for sending orders, preferably for ceramic products. The box described in the present patent application was developed based on the principle of "squaring the circle" and "squaring the square", in order to provide structures inside the box that provide packaging and impact dampening to the object transported in the your inside. The box obtained by the flat pattern described in the present patent application is composed of two disjoint halves or half boxes, each one being assembled from a single flat pattern. This allows the assembly process to be uniform and with a reduced need for manpower. The fact that each half box is constructed from a single plan, preferably in cardboard, allows for a reduction in the amount of material and parts needed to provide both protection and cushioning to the packaged parts. Two simple cardboard flats, cut and creased as described in the present patent application, completely replace the boxes currently used. For example, the damping of the box described in the present patent application does not require honeycomb structures, unlike the boxes of the prior art. This is, therefore, an extremely simple type of packaging, as can be seen throughout the description of the present patent application.

The box obtained by planning as described in the present patent application has a surrounding area of resistance and impact protection, to guarantee the integrity of the packaged product, against possible falls during transport in parcels by mail.

Since a feature of the layout for the box of the present patent application is its ease and speed of assembly from two carton layouts (see the sequence of figures, from Fig. 15 to Fig. 29, inclusive), the assembly process of said boxes is also described herein.

The box obtained by planning as described in the present patent application is composed of two equal halves that come together after placing the object inside it (Figs. 3, 4 and 5). Each of said box halves are assembled from two unique flats, which also form part of the present patent application (Fig. 12).

The eight vertices, given by the sum of the four corresponding to the square defined by the solid lines (vertex V1, V2, V3 and V4, see Fig. 9) and the other four corresponding to the square defined by the dashed line (vertices V5,

V6, V7 and V8, see Fig. 9) are points of rigidity of the box against impact in the fall.

The areas identified by β1, β2, β3, β4, β5, β6, β7 and β8 in figure 10 correspond to air pockets whose function is to provide cushioning to the fall and, therefore, to protect the packaged item. Associated with each vertex there is an air pocket that serves as a shock absorber.

The combination of the impact resistance zones (vertices, see Fig. 9) with the damping zones (air pockets, see Fig. 10) gives the box a high level of safety and protection of the packaged product, during possible falls and violations in transport by post.

The box as described in the present patent application, when assembled, comprises two disjoint half boxes (see figure 4) that come together to enclose/pack a piece inside, where each half box is constituted by a single piece of cellulosic material. , preferably in cardboard, in which, when closed, the shape of said box is defined by squaring the square after squaring the circle, in which the circle corresponds to the product to be packaged (figure 8). Thus, due to this conformation (Figures 5 and 6) the aforementioned box comprises eight air pockets (β1, β2, β3, β4, β5, β6, β7 and β8) that correspond to each of the respective eight vertices (V1, V2 , V3, V4, V5, V6, V7 and V8)

When we look at the assembled box from its side perspective1, we can conclude that there are always two squares, an outer square whose sides are defined by the limits of the box (solid square in figure 6) and a square (dotted square in figure 6) in which its sides are defined by the damping surfaces that exist at the corners of the box.

To each of the half boxes that make up the box obtained by the planning of the present patent application, there corresponds a plan (template) cut and folded/creased according to a methodology also described in the present patent application.

From a technical point of view, the box before being assembled is reduced to two flattened and creased planes as described in the present patent application. Each of the unfolds gives rise to a half box (see, for example, Fig. 12).

The dimensions of the box after assembly are defined by the following variables:

- The size of the piece to be packed, more specifically, the diameter (Φ) and height (y) . Fig. 30 is illustrative.

- The number of pieces that go inside the box (t) .

- The height of the additional accessories that hold the item to be packed (as in the case of bottles), z. Note that we consider supplementary accessories, all kinds of accessories that are not part of the planning that gives rise to the half box. Therefore, these are extra planning accessories. Figs. 39 to 69, refer to the application of the envelope box for bottles and illustrate what we have just mentioned. These figures show the two additional accessories applied, one on the neck of the bottle and the other on the base of the bottle. The box, and its planning, comprise a set of features (faces and folds) that are transversal in their different dimensions and embodiments. It is possible to slightly change some points of the box, at the level of the flat pattern (slight variations in the design of the creased, perforated and cut flats, as can be seen in the drawings that appear, from Fig.37 to Fig. 49, inclusive) that, even thus, the box retains its characteristics. This is because the flat pattern comprises constant geometric features. Note that when designing a new box, depending on the measurements of the piece (or the pieces, if it is a box for more than one piece) to be packaged, the essential and unalterable characteristics must be taken into account. of the same. These characteristics derive from the relationship between the diameter of the part to be packed and the inner width of the box. As we can see, looking at Fig. 11, the distance between a and c is given by Φ ₁ and the distance between c and b is given by . Still observing Fig. 11, we also see that the distances between a and c and c and b both correspond to the diameter of the part to be packaged, . Thus, as the angle formed by the line segments corresponding to Φ ₁ and Φ ₂ is 45°, then this means that Φ ₁ and Φ ₂ form a right angle and the distance between a and b, which is given by a ₂ , is not it is neither more nor less than the hypotenuse of the triangle whose legs are Φ ₁ and Φ ₂ . Therefore, considering a ₂ the internal width of the box (see Fig.11), this will be given by applying the Pythagorean theorem: a ₂ ² = Φ ₁ ² + Φ ₂ ²

On what :

Inner width of the box = a ₂ Diameter of the part to be packed = Φ ₁ = Φ ₂ =

In practical terms, looking at Fig. 14, the distance f + 2x from the F field corresponds to the spine of the box, which, in turn, depends on the height (y) of the piece and the number of pieces that the box carries (t) and the increase in height caused by possible accessories supplements that may exist inside the box (z) . The distance x corresponds to the thickness of the card. Therefore, the spine of the box corresponds to the distance f plus twice the thickness of the card.

According to the plan of the box described in the present patent application, each plan or plan of cut, perforated and creased cardboard gives rise to half of the box, whereby the two plans will give rise to the entire box. For this, it is necessary that each one of the unfoldings is folded according to a certain procedure, because only then is the box correctly assembled, that is, able to fulfill its function.

For the sake of clarity, the following explanation concerns the faces that are on one side of face F, that is, faces C1, D1, G1, I1 and J1. However, the folding process also occurs symmetrically with the faces that are on the other side of the F face, that is, with the faces C2, D2, G2, I2 and J2. After observing Figs. 12, 13, 14 and 15, which show the cardboard flat pattern cut, perforated and creased, that is, they show the flat pattern completely open in the form of a horizontal plane1, start by folding symmetrically and upwards, the set of the five designated fields by the letters C1, D1, G1, I1 + J1 , making a 90° rotation from the rotation axis defined by the perforated crease vpl .1. These five planes C1 + D1 + G1 + I1 + J1 are vertical and perpendicular to the rest of the plane (see Fig. 15 and 16).

Next, the set of fields C1 + D1 + G1 + I1 is folded, making a 90° rotation in the same direction as the previous fold, but, in this case, from the folding axis, which is the perforated crease vp2.1. Fields C1 + D1 + G1 + I1 overlap (parallel) to field A1. The distance that separates the parallelism between field A1 and fields C1 + D1 + G1 + I1, corresponds to the thickness of card x, which is actually the width of field J1. Figs. 16 and 17 illustrate this procedure when compared to each other.

Then, symmetrically, the set of fields defined by D1 + G1 + I1 is folded in the opposite direction to the previous movement and rotating only 90° from the perforated crease vp3.1. Fields D1 + G1 + I1 are perpendicular to fields A1 and C1. Field C1 remains quiet and parallel (overlapping) to field A1. The set of fields D1 + G1 + I1 is in vertical1, while fields A1 and C1 are superimposed and horizontal. Figs. 17 and 18 illustrate this procedure when they are compared to each other.

The next operation consists of rotating field D1 by 90° in relation to fields G1 + I1, starting from the axis defined by the perforated crease vp4.1. Fields G1 + I1 are perpendicular to fields A1, C1 and D1. Field D1 is parallel to fields A1 and C1 and the distance that separates the parallelism between fields D and C is given by the width of field G1, which is g. Figs. 18 and 19 illustrate this procedure when they are compared to each other. Field I1 is rotated by about 90° in the triangulation direction (see Figs. 19 and 20).

At this stage of assembling the half box, proceed to assembling the faces C2 + D2 + G2 + I2, symmetrically, that is, the same with respect to the other half of the flat pattern. See Fig. 21. Alternatively, faces C2 + D2 + G2 + I2 can be mounted simultaneously with faces C1 + D1 + G1 + I1.

The next operation consists of simultaneously and symmetrically doubling, at an angle of 90°, the previously folded fields C1 + D1 + G1 + I1 simultaneously with the A1 field. In this case the rotation is carried out from the axis defined by the perforated crease vp6.1. The set of fields A1 + C1 + D1 are perpendicular to the field F. See Fig. 22 and 23. The G fields (G1 and G2 ) must form a 90° angle to each other. This folding ends with the two symmetrical parts "intertwined" by the I fields (I1 and I2). Each of the two symmetrical parts rotates along the score lines vp6.1 and vp6.2 simultaneously. The I fields rotate along the axis defined by the perforated creases vp5.1 and vp5.2. At the end of this operation there should be a defined triangle inside. Figs. 22 and 23 illustrate this procedure when compared to each other.

To conclude, the B fields (B1, B2, B3, B4) are rotated upwards by 90°, making them vertical. The perforated crease vp7 works as a rotation axis. The H fields, if any, rotate fully 180° in the direction of the E fields so that they overlap them. In this case they rotate in relation to the axis defined by the perforated crease vp9. Figs. 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, illustrate this procedure when compared to each other. This procedure is repeated symmetrically.

Finally, the E fields (E1 and E2) are rotated by 90°, so that they are vertical, and the B fields (B1, B2, B3, B4) are inserted into the slot/space between the A fields (A1 and A2 ) and C(C1 and C2) and which corresponds to the width of field J (JI and J2) . The fact that the B(B1, B2, B3, B4) fields are wedged between the A(A1 and A2) and C(C1 and C2) fields, allows the half box to be permanently mounted without disarming. In this case, the rotation is carried out according to the perforated crease vpl0 which serves as the axis of rotation. Figs. 27, 28 and 29 illustrate this procedure when compared to each other.

The process is repeated to assemble the second half box and then we have the box completely done. Figs. 3, 4 and 29 illustrate the half box after assembly in a perspective view.

In terms of packaging, simply place the part to be packed inside a half box and then place the other half box on top, joining the two half boxes together (see Fig. 3, 4 and 5) , to proceed to the next operation of gluing with tape, in the direction of joining the two half boxes (see Fig. 6) . For safety reasons, after the two half boxes are glued, that is, after the glued box, the box is rotated by 45° and tape is applied again so that the box is glued in a cross (see Fig. 7). The packing operation is completed.

The invention disclosed in the present patent application is used to find packaging solutions for various types of products, in particular those that are solids of revolution. It can be used in the packaging of ceramic or glass dishes, wine bottles or other types of drinks for sale online, among others.

It is the need for strong packaging, which keeps the product it transports intact, even if it is very fragile, in conjunction with simplicity, which allows for low economic costs, not only in the packaging process, but also in the packaging material. It can be considered an ecological box, when compared with the boxes in the current state of the art, used for the same purpose.

Characteristics verified in the Geometry of the Box

The mathematical relationships presented herein are those found in the box described in the present patent application.

Therefore, we have: Φ = Diameter of the part to be packed = Φ ₁ = Φ ₂ (see Fig. 30) y = height of the part to be packed (see Fig. 30)

The width of the box (see figure 11), a ₂ , is given by the following equation (Pythagorean Theorem): a ₂ ² = Φ ² + Φ ²

Note that the outer width of the box will be given by:

Inner width of the box = a ₂

Outer box width at ₂ +2x On what :

X = card thickness

It is also verified that: a ₁ = e ₂ (see Fig. 14) f = g + 5X

Case spine = f + 2X (see Fig. 14) and i = f - 2x (see Fig. 9)

There is also the following mathematical relationship in its general form1, also a consequence of the geometry of the box: g = yt + x + z where : g = Distance between vp2 and vp4 in the unfolding y = height of the piece to be packed t = number of pieces that go inside the box X = thickness of the card

Z = increase in height resulting from the application of supplementary protective accessories in the box

Note that, being Z, the height increase that we have to consider when there are additional protection accessories to the part inside the box, as in the case of bottles (see Fig. 49, 50, 51, 52, 53 and 54 ) or, the excess of height that results from the insertion of flat planes of cardboard between two pieces when the box is used for the transport of more than one piece. Therefore, in the case of a simple package, that is, which does not need additional reinforcements inside to protect the packaged product, we have:

Z = 0

On the other hand, when the box only serves to transport a single piece, we have: t = 1 which means, since 1 is the neutral element of the multiplication, that the previous general formula boils down to the simplified formula: g = y + x for a box where there are no additional protective accessories and when it is a box for the packaging of a single piece.

The following mathematical relationship is also verified: ei = f - 2x (see Fig. 14) where : el = distance between vp8 (perforated crease 8) and vp7 (perforated crease 7) (see Fig. 13) f = distance between the two lines vp5 (see Fig. 13 and 14)

Example of drawing procedure for flattening the box The box design follows a procedure that is transversal to all boxes as described in the present patent application, with only small variations depending on the differences in the specific box model.

Considering in this case and by way of example that we intend to design a box for a plate with a diameter of 280 mm and a height of 30 mm, it is necessary to calculate, first of all, the value of f. Now, as we know: Φ = 280 mm y = height of the piece = 30 mm x = thickness of the cardboard, it is considered that this is x = 3 mm and, as the general formula: g = Y • t + x +z in this case boils down to: g = y + x given that : t = 1 and z = 0 once you are drawing the flat pattern for only one part and without any card for additional structural reinforcement. So, the value of g will be given by: g = y + x

That is: g 30 + 3 g = 33 mm

On the other hand, as we know that: f = g + 5x since the objective is to design the box for a single piece and without additional reinforcements, we have: f = 33 + 5-3 = 33 +15 = 48 mm

Therefore, it is concluded what is the distance between the two perforated creases vp5 (see Fig. 13, 14 and 31).

On the other hand, the internal width of the box, a ₂ , is given by the Pythagorean Theorem: a ₂ ² = Φ ² + Φ ² replacing, Φ, and doing the calculations, one obtains: a ₂ ² = 280 ² + 280 ² to ₂ ² = 78400 + 78400 to ₂ ² = 156800 to ₂ = 395.9 mm to ₂ = 395.9 mm to ₂ ≈ 396 mm As we already know a ₂ , ef, we can draw the field F of the flat pattern (see Fig. 31) .

Since there is half of a ₂ , in a preferred embodiment in which the box is square (with few exceptions, described using specific embodiments for non-round, oval, rectangular pieces), it is possible to draw the fields A, i.e. , A1 and A2. Note that the length of the dotted line vpl (representing the perforated crease 1) is equal to a ₂ (see Figs. 13, 14 and 32).

Next, the spacing corresponding to a superimposed plan of the card is left, that is, X. Therefore, there is a spacing of 3 mm, as can be seen in Fig. 33, leaving the perforated crease vp2 partially drawn.

Then the tops of the fields, J, are chamfered at 45°. The dotted line vp2 is then shorter than the line vpl. The fields, J, that is, JI and J2, correspond to a double fold of the box (see Fig. 33).

The next step is to draw the fields C, that is, C1 and C2. We start by drawing half of the A field to determine the point P1, since a part of the C field is half of the A field (see Fig. 34). Then the imaginary point P2 is determined. This point is nothing more than the point we would get if we didn't chamfer the fields drawn in the previous step (see Fig.34). Finally, we join the points P1 and P2 (see Fig. 34). Therefore, the dotted line representing the fold of box vp3 is drawn. As y is the thickness of the part, which in this case corresponds to 280 mm, and, as we have seen before, the general formula being : g = yt + x + z where : x = Card thickness

Y = Height of the part to be packed

Z = Increase in thickness resulting from the application of additional accessories in the box t = number of pieces that go inside the box

In which, in this case, as there is no extra accessory to protect the part in the box, as is usually the case with the box for transporting beverage bottles, in which:

Z = 0 and t = 1

And the formula boils down to: g = y + xe, as we have seen before; g = 33 mm then one can easily draw the field G. See fig. 35. Note that, if we were to design the box for transporting beverage bottles, it would already be: z ≠ 0 because in this case, extra accessories are usually needed to better condition the packaged part (see Fig. 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 and 55). Also in the case of being a box for more than one piece, it would already be: t ≠ 1 and, in this case, it would be necessary to multiply the number of pieces by the height of each one. The field G is finally drawn with the marking of lines vp3 and vp4, joined at the ends by lines of length g.

Field D is drawn by triangulating as shown in Fig. 35. This triangulation is not rigid, that is, it can be varied without jeopardizing the functions of the box. Comparing, for example, the drawings in Fig. 45 and 46, it is possible to verify this.

The fields H and i are random (see Fig. 43 and 44 or Fig. 46 and 47), the box can function perfectly without their existence. If they exist, their measures are not rigorous, being left to the criterion of the degree of resistance that is intended to be imposed on the box. These fields only serve to make an extra contribution to the impact resistance of the box.

It remains to draw the fields E and B. As we have seen before: a ₁ = e ₂ (see Fig. 14) and ₁ = f - 2x (see Fig. 14) and, as we know the measures of x, at ₁ ef, then, it is possible to draw the field E. The flat pattern that gives rise to the box is completely drawn as shown in the drawing in Fig. 36.

Fields B, i.e. B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ and B ₄ , must have their dashed lines representing the folds of the box by the perforated crease vp7 and vp8, with the same length as e ₂ (see Fig. 13 and 14). The distance b is random and must not be much less than ai for the box to be well assembled (it cannot be easily dismantled) and cannot be greater than ai.

It remains to draw the fields H and i. These fields are random and can be waived. They serve to reinforce the structure of the box. To draw them, they must respect the following conditions:

For field H, the distances that define it are random, as long as they respect the following relations: h ₁ ≤ vp9 ≤ e1 eh ₂ ≤ a ₁ For field I : i ₁ ≤ vp6 ≤ gei ₂ ≤ d ₁

Thus, the planning for the box as defined in the present patent application is finalized (see fig. 12)

The invention disclosed in the present patent application is used to find packaging solutions for various types of products, in particular those that are solids of revolution. It can be used in utilitarian ceramics, in particular as packaging for dishes, or simply to be used in the packaging of high-tech items or everyday items. It is the need for strong packaging, which keeps the product it transports intact, in conjunction with with simplicity, which allows low economic costs, not only in the packaging process, but also in the packaging material.

Brief description of figures

For an easier understanding of the present application, figures are attached hereto, which represent preferred embodiments which, however, are not intended to limit the technique disclosed herein.

Figure 1 illustrates a prior art box/package currently used to transport ceramic plates. In this figure, one can see the dish surrounded by a set of cardboard combs and the box itself, where 1 represents the comb, 2 represents the dish, 3 represents the outer box, and 4 represents air.

Figure 2 illustrates a prior art box/package currently used to transport ceramic plates. In this figure, we can see the dish surrounded by a set of cardboard combs and the box itself, seen from a side view, where 1 represents the comb, 2 represents the dish, 3 represents the outer box, and 4 represents air.

Figure 3 depicts the way in which the dish is enclosed within the two halves that make up the box obtained by planning the invention.

Figure 4, like the previous figure, depicts the conformation of the closed box with a plate inside. The absence of combs stands out in this illustration, as they are the elements of the box itself that provide protection to the packaged product.

Figure 5 shows the closed box of the invention, after the product (dish, in this case) is packed.

Figure 6 shows the box of the invention closed and with the two half boxes joined by tape applied to the back joint.

Figure 7 shows the box with the adhesive tape applied in a cross pattern, in order to ensure that the box does not open during transport.

Figure 8 simply shows how a part (represented by the circle) is protected in the box of the invention.

Figure 9 marks the vertices (v1, v2, v3,....,v7 and v8) of the two squares that form the box, these vertices being the strong points of impact resistance of the box.

Figure 10 shows the air pockets/boxes that make up the box (β1, β2, β3, ..., β 7 and β8) that serve as a shock absorber, by dissipating the forces resulting from the impact, during the fall of the box.

Figure 11 depicts the relationships between the diameter of the piece to be packaged and the measurements of the two squares that make up the box according to the planning of the invention, as well as the angular relationship between the sides of the squares. Shows the geometry of the invention box, from which the Pythagorean Theorem results. Figure 12 represents, in a simple way, the plan of cut, perforated and creased cardboard that, after being correctly folded, gives rise to the half box of the invention. This cut, creased and perforated plane is called the flattening of the box. The figure also has the nomenclature for each of the fields into which the planning is divided in capital letters.

Figure 13 like Fig. 12, the layout of the box is shown, but in this case the creased and perforated folds are marked with the respective nomenclature.

Figure 14 like Figs. 12 and 13, this drawing is also the layout of the box. However, in this case, the relationships between measurements, distances and the nomenclature of these same distances for each field are detailed.

Figure 15 represents, in a simple way and in perspective, the plan of cut, perforated and creased cardboard (planning) that gives rise, after correctly folded, to the half box that constitutes the envelope type box. Planning before starting the entire half-box assembly procedure.

From Fig. 15 and up to Fig. 29, inclusive, presents the drawings that illustrate the procedure of assembling the box from the flat, that is, from the creased, perforated and cut flattening.

Figure 16 illustrates the fields of the unfolding that will be moved (folded) at the beginning of the assembly of the half box. Beginning of the assembly procedure: first step. Figure 17 illustrates how the planning looks after the second assembly step of the half box.

Figure 18 shows how the planning looks after the third assembly step of the half box.

Figure 19 illustrates the planning after the end of the fourth half-box assembly step.

Figure 20 illustrates the planning after the end of the fifth half-box assembly step.

Figure 21 illustrates the symmetry in the assembly of the half box and how the planning is found before starting the simultaneous movement of the two sets of fields A1 + C1 + D1 + G1 + Il and A2 + C2 + D2 + G2 + I2 ( see Fig.12).

Figure 22 shows how the fields A1 + C1 + D1 + G1 + Il and A2 + C2 + D2 + G2 + I2 must rotate 90°.

Figure 23 shows how the planning was after the simultaneous folding of the sets constituted by the fields. It illustrates how the two sets consisting of the fields A1 + C1 + D1 + G1 + I1 and A2 + C2 + D2 + G2 + I2 are intertwined.

Figure 24 shows how the field B1 rotates by 90° according to the rotation axis vp7.1.

Fig. 25 shows how the fields B1 and B4 are found before entering the slots constituted by the fields JI and J2 and, still, situated between the fields A1 and C1 and, still A2 and C2 respectively. Figure 26 shows how the field Hl (if any) rotates from the axis of rotation vp9.1 in the assembly of the half box from the flat.

Figure 27 illustrates how the unfolding looks after rotating the fields B1 + B4 + H1, (see Fig. 13) from the rotation axis vp10.1. Fields B1 + B4 were stuck in field JI and J2, respectively, that is, B1 was stuck between fields A1 and C1 and B4 was stuck between fields A2 and C2.

Figure 28 illustrates the last procedures, but now symmetrically, referring to fields B2 + B3 + H2.

Figure 29 illustrates the finished half box in perspective view. The B fields were wedged between the A and C fields.

From Fig. 30 to Fig. 36, inclusive, the drawings presented refer to the drawing procedure of the flattening of the half box of a box of the invention for a plate, by way of exemplification.

Figure 30 shows a dish and how its Diameter (Φ) and height (y) are determined.

Figure 31 illustrates the drawing of the field F of the unfolding from the measurements at ₂ ef (see Fig.14) determined from a plate with diameter (Φ) of 280 mm and height (y) equal to 30 mm.

Figure 32 illustrates the drawing of field A of the unfolding, knowing the value of al . Figure 33 is a drawing of the double fold of the flatness, field J, which is between fields A and C. And double fold chamfer design.

Figure 34 illustrates the determination of points P ₁ and P ₂ . Point P ₁ is an imaginary point, as it is located outside the plane. However, its determination is absolutely necessary for the planning to be correctly drawn. The figure also illustrates the marking of the C field.

Figure 35 represents the marking of the G and D field.

Figure 36 illustrates the representation of E and B fields.

Figure 37 illustrates the fully drawn layout, with all fields and perforated creases marked.

From this Fig. 37 and up to Fig. 48 Including some of the possible variations in the invention box, that is, obtained

Figure 38 represents the layout of a box of the invention designed for square plates. The change that differentiates it from the standard box is the existence of small slots to fix the square plate located in the fields G1 and G2. The grooves are used to fit the corners of the square piece to be packaged. In this way, the piece, although being square, is perfectly fitted and secure in the box of the invention.

Figure 39 represents the layout of a box of the invention designed for packaging bottles. Figure 40 shows the same layout of the half bottle box, but in a clean way, that is, without any letters or numbers to identify areas.

Figure 41 shows the beginning of the assembly of the half bottle case.

Figures 42 and 43 show The assembly procedure for the half box follows, simultaneously rotating the fields (D1 + G1) and (D2 +G2) 90° along the axis defined by the creases vp 4.1 and vp 4.2 respectively.

Figure 44 shows the fields (D1 + G1 + I1) and (D2 +G2 + I2) that rotate together along the axis defined by the perforated creases vp 3.1 and vp 3.2 respectively.

Figure 45 shows the process of assembling the half box of the continuous bottle, in which the fields (D1 + G1 + I1 + C1) and (D2 + G2 + I2 + C2) rotate together and simultaneously along the axis defined by the crease. perforated vp 2.1 and vp 2.2, respectively.

Figure 46 shows the folding sequence, always on the same side and converging towards the center of the unfolding, which is the F field, ends with the simultaneous folding of the fields (D1 + G1 + I1 + C1 + JI) and (D2 + G2 + I2 + C2 + J2).

Figures 47 and 48 show the final assembly stage of the half box, which begins with the folding of fields B1, B2, B3 and B4 at a 90° angle defined by the perforated creases vp 7.1, vp 7.2, vp 8.1 and vp 8.2. Figure 49 shows the half box of the bottle that is assembled by rotating the fields (El + B1 + B4) and (E2 + B2 + B3) simultaneously, according to the axes defined by the creases vp 10.1 and vp 10.2, causing fields B1 and B2 are flush with field D1 and fields B3 and B4 are flush with field D2.

Figure 50 illustrates the half box according to the present invention, for bottles where the invisibilities that protect the bottle laterally are shown.

Figure 51 shows the invisibilities of figure 50.

Figure 52 shows a possible planning of an accessory needed to protect the bottle.

Figure 53 shows the same accessory of figure 52 already folded and ready to fit into the neck of the bottle.

Figure 54 shows a possible plan for protecting the base of the bottle.

Figure 55 shows this accessory of figure 54 that provides protection to the base of the bottle already assembled.

Figure 56 shows the set of all the components that make up the bottle case: the two half cases and the two accessories that support the base and neck of the bottle, together with the bottle.

Figure 57 shows how the two accessories fit into the bottle itself: one of them fits into the neck of the bottle and the second is merely leaning against the bottom of the bottle.

Figure 58 shows the set of the two accessories and the bottle are accommodated in the half box.

Figure 59 shows the second half box placed on top of the first half box which already contains the bottle and the two accessories and the bottle is packed in the box object of this patent application.

Figure 60 illustrates the half box according to the present invention, for bottles where the invisibilities that protect the bottle laterally are shown.

Figures 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68 and 69 illustrate step by step the planning of the bottle box.

Description of embodiments

Referring to the figures, some embodiments are now described in more detail, which are not, however, intended to limit the scope of the present application.

The present patent application describes a layout for a box, wherein the respective box comprises two equal half-cases, wherein the layout for each half-box comprises: first face (F) which corresponds to the spine of the box, wherein the first face (F) is flexibly connected on both sides to two second faces (A1, A2 ) that correspond to the side faces of the box, where each second face (A1, A2 ) is flexibly connected to a third face (C1, C2) , where every third face (C1, C2) is doubly connected to a fourth face (G1, G2 ) , where every fourth face (G1, G2 ) is doubly connected to a fifth face (D1, D2 ) in such a way that when folded, every third (C1, C2) , fourth ( G1, G2 ) and fifth (D1, D2 ) faces form an air gap; two faces (E1 and E2) flexibly connected at each end first face (F), wherein each of the two faces (E1 and E2) is flexibly connected on both sides by two tabs (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) , respectively), such that, when folded, the flaps (B1, B4, B2, B3) fit into the spaces created by the folds between the second (A1, A2) and third (C1, C2) faces.

In one embodiment, the flat pattern further comprises a face J (J1, J2) collapsibly positioned between the second face (A1, A2) and the third face (C1, C2) wherein face J(J1, J2) has a width equal to the thickness of the flat pattern material.

In one embodiment, the second face (A1, A2) has a length equal to the width.

In one embodiment, the plan is of cellulosic material, preferably cardboard.

The present patent application also describes the method of assembling a box from the above-described plan, wherein the method comprises the following steps: bending each of the fifth faces (D1, D2) under each of the fourth faces (G1, G2), respectively, until they make a 90° angle to each other; bend each of the fourth faces (G1, G2) under each of the third faces (C1, C2), respectively, until they make a 90° angle to each other and a 180° angle between each of the third faces (C1, C2) ) and the respective fifth faces (D1, D2); bending each of the third faces (C1, C2) under each of the second faces (A1, A2), respectively, until they make an angle of 180° to each other and forming a space between the two faces; folding each of the second faces (A1, A2) under the first face (F) so that the second faces make a 90° angle with the first face (F); fold each of the flaps (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) under each of the two faces E1 and E2, respectively, so that each flap (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) makes a 90° angle to each other respective face E1 and E2; fold each of the faces E1 and E2 under the first face F until they make a 90° angle to each other, during which during this folding, each of the tabs (B1, B2, B3, B4) fits into the space between the second ones (A1 , A2 ) and third (C1, C2) faces.

Figures 39 to 69 relate to the planning of a particular embodiment of the box, namely a bottle box.

This embodiment, and according to figure 39, appears to be, at the outset, totally different from other plans, but it is, in fact, the same philosophy obtained according to the plan of the invention. The differences are due to the fact that the bottle has a height, y, very large compared to a dinner plate and, on the contrary, its diameter, $, is much smaller than that of the same plate. Furthermore, the bottle when full has a very high weight. Considering the fragility to impact of glass, the material from which bottles are mostly made, there was a need to change the planning in order to meet the structural reinforcement of the box that is the subject of this patent application for this embodiment. However, as we can see from the figures shown here, (see figures 49, 50 and 51) the bottle box has exactly the same geometry, so the impact dampening structures during the fall are exactly the same. Still in figure 39, we can see the designation of the fields and the perforated creases that define the folds that in turn give rise to the half box after it is assembled.

In this embodiment, fields D1 and D2 now form a 90° angle with fields G1 and G2, respectively, and according to the perforated creases vp 5.1 and vp 5.2. The half box assembly procedure follows, simultaneously turning the fields (D1 + G1) and (D2 +G2) 90° according to the axis defined by the creases vp 4.1 and vp 4.2 respectively, see figures 42 and 43. Then the fields (D1 + G1 + I1) and (D2 +G2 + I2) rotate together along the axis defined by the perforated creases vp 3.1 and vp 3.2 respectively, as can be seen in figure 44.

The half bottle case assembly process continues when the fields (D1 + G1 + I1 + C1) and (D2 + G2 + I2 + C2 ) are rotated together and simultaneously along the axis defined by the perforated crease vp 2.1 and vp 2.2, respectively, see figure 45. This folding sequence, always for the same side and converging towards the center of the unfolding, which is the F field, ends with the simultaneous and joint folding of the fields (D1 + G1 + I1 + C1 + JI) and (D2 + G2 + I2 + C2 + J2 ), as seen in figure 46. The final stage of assembling the half box begins with the folding of the fields B1, B2, B3 and B4 according to a 90° angle defined by the perforated creases vp 7.1, vp 7.2, vp 8.1 and vp 8.2, as seen in figures 47 and 48. Finally, the half box of the bottle is assembled by rotating the fields (El + B1 + B4) and (E2 + B2 + B3) simultaneously, according to the axes defined by the creases vp 10.1 and vp 10.2, making fields B1 and B2 flush with field D1 and fields B3 and B4 flush with field D2, as shown in figures 48 and 49. After this simple assembly procedure, the half box for bottle is completely assembled, as can be seen in figure 49.

Figure 50 illustrates the half box according to the present invention, for bottles where the invisibilities that protect the bottle laterally are shown. Such invisibilities can be seen in another way in figure 51. In this case, the triangulations that are so characteristic of the geometry of this box that is the subject of this patent application are clear.

The design procedure for obtaining the flat pattern that gives rise to the bottle box follows the same geometric rules as for the box in gera1, as described above.

Thus, in an embodiment in which a bottle with the dimensions shown in drawing 50 is considered, in which the bottle has a height, y, of 340 mm and a diameter, , of 80 mm, and 0.3 mm in thickness of the card, x, we have: Bottle height = y = 340 mm Bottle diameter = $ = 80 mm

Card thickness = x = 0.3 mm

Then, knowing the diameter of the bottle, we know the value of the width of field C, that is, the width of fields C1 and C2, which correspond to the distances between the creases vp 3.1 and vp 2.1 and vp 3.2 and vp 2.2, see drawings 39 and 51. So, it is known that:

width of C = width of C1 = width of C2 = 80 mm

It is necessary to know the widths of the G fields (ie the width of the G1 and G2 fields) and D (ie the D1 and D2 fields). These values are once again determined by the Pythagorean Theorem. The value of the legs whose hypotenuse is the width of the C field is then determined, which in this case is 80 mm. So:

Hypotenuse ² = Leg 1 ² + Leg 2 ²

That is:

C ² = Leg 1 ² + Leg 2 ²

Substituting the variable C, we have: 80 ² = Leg 1 ² + Leg 2 ²

Like : catetoi = cateto2 = Width of field G = Width of field G1 = Width of field G2

It is obtained:

80 ² = Leg 1 ² + Leg 1 ²

80 ² = 2 Leg 1 ² 3200 = Leg 1 ² Leg i = 56.56 mm As can be seen from the observation of figures 39 and 51, it can be concluded that the following relationship is always verified: Field width D = Field width D1 = Field width D2 = Cathetus + x

Where x is the thickness of the card. Then, the width of field D (that is, the width of field D1 and D2) is given by: Width of field D = 56.56 + 0.3 = 56.86 mm

From the observation of figures 39 and 51, the following relationship is also always verified:

Field Width D = Field Width G + x

That is:

Field width G = leg = 56.56 mm

Then, the value of the width of the G field (ie the width of the G1 and G2 fields) is immediately obtained.

Soon :

Field width G = 56.56 mm

On the other hand, the width of field A (that is, A1 and A2 ) is always given by the following relationship:

Field width A = Field width D1 = Field width

D2 = Cathetus + 2x

Therefore :

Field width A = 56.56 + 2x mm

Field width A = 56.56 + 0.3 + 0.3 mm

Field width A = 57.16 mm It is also known that the following relationships always exist, see figures 39 and 51:

Field width I = Field width I1 = Field width I2 = Card thickness

That is:

Field width I = Field width I1 = Field width I2 = x

On the other hand, still by observing figures 39 and 51, the following relationships are always verified:

Field width J = Field width J1 = Field width J2 = Two card thicknesses

That is:

Field width J = Field width J1 = Field width J2 = 2x

In summary:

Field width I = Field width I1 = Field width I2 = 0.3 mm

Field width J = Field width J1 = Field width J2 = 0.6 mm

By observing figures 39 and 51, it is easy to see that the width of the field F is always given by the following ratio: Width of the field F = 2Width of the field G + 6x

Therefore, in terms of values, we obtain:

Field width F = 2x56.56 + 6x0.3 = 114.92 mm Consequently, the planning of the bottle box with respect to the width of the fields F, A, J, C, 1, G and D is given by the relationships indicated above. As for the length of these fields, this is already arbitrary, common sense and experience dictate, that is, the width of the accessories will be the one that guarantees that the bottle does not break during the fall. See figures 42, 43, 44 and 45.

At this stage of planning the bottle box, it remains to be noted that the fields J, C, I and G have a recess at the ends, see figure 30, which corresponds to the thickness of the cardboard. This recess is used so that the E fields (ie, E1 and E2) fit perfectly when folded in the box assembly and it is perfect (figure 39).

The width of field E (that is, E1 and E2) is given by the width of field F minus twice the thickness of the card, see figure 39. The length of E is given by:

Field Length E = Field Width D + 2x

That is, it is equal to the width of field D plus twice the thickness of the card.

As for the B fields, they only serve as a slot to close the half box, therefore, the slot area must be exactly the same length as the D field, see figure 51.

The present patent application also describes the box obtained from the previously described method. In one embodiment, the box as described in the present application is used to package ceramic products.

The present description is, of course, in no way restricted to the embodiments presented in this document and a person of average knowledge in the field will be able to foresee many possibilities for modification thereof without departing from the general idea as defined in the claims. The preferred embodiments described above are obviously combinable with each other. The following claims further define preferred embodiments.

Claims

1. Layout for a box composed of two equal half-boxes, where the unfold for each half-box comprises: first face (F) that corresponds to the spine of the box, where the first face (F) is foldably connected by both sides sides to two second faces (A1, A2 ) that correspond to the side faces of the box, where each second face (A1, A2 ) is foldably connected to a third face (C1, C2) , where each third face (C1, C2 ) ) is doubly connected to a fourth face (G1, G2 ) , where every fourth face (G1, G2 ) is doubly connected to a fifth face (D1, D2 ) such that when folded, every third face (C1, C2) , fourth (G1, G2 ) and fifth (D1, D2 ) faces form an air gap; two faces (E1 and E2) flexibly connected at each end first face (F), wherein each of the two faces (E1 and E2) is flexibly connected on both sides by two tabs (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) , respectively), such that, when folded, the flaps (B1, B4, B2, B3) fit into the spaces created by the folds between the second (A1, A2) and third (C1, C2) faces.

Flat pattern for box according to claim 1, wherein the flat pattern further comprises a face I (I1, I2) flexibly connected to an end of the fourth face (G1, G2).

Flat pattern for box according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat pattern further comprises a J face (J1, J2) collapsibly positioned between the second face (A1, A2) and the third face (C1, C2) where The face J(J1, J2) has a width equal to the thickness of the flat pattern material.

Box layout according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second face (A1, A2) has a length equal to the width.

Layout for box according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pattern is in cellulosic material, preferably cardboard.

A method of assembling the flat pattern for a box according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: bending each of the fifth faces (D1, D2) under each of the fourth faces (G1, G2), respectively, until they make a angle of 90° to each other; fold each of the fourth faces (G1, G2 ) under each of the third faces (C1, C2), respectively, until they make a 90° angle to each other and a 180° angle between each of the third faces (C1, C2) ) and the respective fifth faces (D1, D2); bending each of the third faces (C1, C2) under each of the second faces (A1, A2), respectively, until they make an angle of 180° to each other and forming a space between the two faces; folding each of the second faces (A1, A2) under the first face (F) so that the second faces make a 90° angle with the first face (F); fold each of the flaps (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) under each of the two faces E1 and E2, respectively, so that each flap (B1 and B4, B2 and B3) makes a 90° angle to each other respective face E1 and E2; fold each of the faces E1 and E2 under the first face F until they make a 90° angle to each other, during which during this folding, each of the tabs (B1, B2, B3, B4) fits into the space between the second ones (A1 , A2 ) and third (C1, C2) faces.

7. Box obtained according to the method according to claim 6.

8. Use of the box plan as described in claims 1-5 for packaging ceramic products.

9. Use of the box flat as described in claims 1-5 to pack bottles.