WO2022068620A1

WO2022068620A1 - Data transmission method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2022068620A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/119208
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王远; 杨明月; 周润泽; 马景旺
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2021-09-18
Publication date: 2022-04-07
Also published as: CN114339808A

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and apparatus for realizing fine dynamic adjustment of a transmission delay with the delivery of a data packet, improving user's service experience. The specific solution is as follows: a first communication device receives a data packet from a first direction; then the first communication device obtains a first transmission delay of the data packet from the first direction; the first communication device then receives a data packet from a second direction, and determines a second transmission delay of the data packet from the second direction according to the first transmission delay and a round-trip delay; and finally, the first communication device sends the data packet from the second direction to a second communication device, the data packet from the second direction carrying the second transmission delay, that is, the first communication device carries the second transmission delay with the packet. If the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward. If the first direction is downward, the second direction is upward.

Description

A data transmission method and device

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on September 30, 2020 with the application number 202011059885.4 and the invention titled "A data transmission method and device", the entire contents of which are incorporated into this application by reference .

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a data transmission method and device.

Background technique

The development of communication technology has further improved the experience of the new media industry, and video services have become the mainstream media form. These include 4K/8K and other ultra-high-definition videos, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and other emerging multimedia services. Taking VR as an example, the user's VR device (such as a wearable VR headset) captures the user's motion information, such as head motion, hand motion, squatting/standing up, etc. ) to the cloud server (during the data transmission process, the data transmission from the user equipment to the network is called Uplink (UL), and the data transmission from the network to the user equipment is called Downlink (DL)). The cloud server inputs the user's action information as input information into the VR application, uses the graphics processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) in the server to render the generated picture, and then sends the computer animation (Computer Graphics, CG) picture through the communication network to the VR devices allow users to watch. A key requirement of VR services is called Motion-to-Photon (MTP) latency, which refers to the time from detecting head/hand motion to when the image engine renders a corresponding new image and displays it on the screen. time delay. Generally, the MTP delay is required to be within 20ms. If the MTP delay exceeds 20ms, the display screen will not be able to keep up with the user's head movement, causing the user to feel dizzy and greatly affecting the VR service experience. In order to effectively control the MTP delay, the communication network needs to control the uplink and downlink data transmission of the VR service to ensure that the round-trip delay (Round-Trip Time, RTT) meets the requirements of the VR service.

At present, the method of splitting the round-trip delay into uplink delay and downlink delay according to a fixed ratio is usually adopted. For example, the uplink delay accounts for 30% of the total round-trip delay, and the downlink delay accounts for 30% of the total round-trip delay. than 70%. Or the user plane function (User plane Function) UPF identifies the associated uplink and downlink packets according to the "uplink and downlink set identifier" carried in the Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol, IP) packet header, and then the UPF is based on the uplink packets. to dynamically set the transmission time of downlink packets. In the scheme of dynamically setting the transmission time of downlink packets, the UPF marks the downlink delay through a Quality of Service Flow identifier (QFI).

However, if the round-trip delay is divided into the uplink delay and the downlink delay according to a fixed ratio, when the actual uplink transmission delay exceeds the preset value of the uplink delay, if the actual downlink transmission still uses the previously set value If the downlink delay is fixed, it is easy to cause the RTT delay to fail to meet the requirements. In the above scheme, after calculating the transmission delay of the downlink packet, it is necessary to find the corresponding QFI, and use the QFI to mark the downlink packet. Since the standard-defined QFI is not accurate enough to indicate the transmission delay, the calculation of the downlink delay is not accurate enough, which reduces the user's sense of service experience.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and apparatus, which are used to deliver the transmission delay along with the data packets, so as to realize fine dynamic adjustment of the transmission delay, and improve the user's sense of service experience.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, which is specifically as follows: the first communication device receives a data packet from a first direction; then the first communication device obtains a first transmission of the data packet in the first direction delay; the first communication device then receives the data packet from the second direction, and determines the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay; finally, the first communication The device sends the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, and the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay, that is, the first communication device carries the second transmission delay with the packet. In this embodiment, if the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward; if the first direction is downward, then the second direction is upward.

In this embodiment, when the first direction is uplink and the second direction is downlink, the first communication device is a core network device, and the second communication device is an access device; when the first direction is downlink, the When the second direction is uplink, the first communication device is a terminal device, and the second communication device is an access device.

In the technical solution provided by this embodiment, the first communication device carries the transmission delay with the packet, so that the second communication device does not need to query the transmission delay according to the packet delay budget information indicated by the QoS flow identifier, thereby Fine and dynamic adjustment of transmission delay is realized, which improves the user's service experience.

In a possible implementation manner, the packet header of the data packet in the second direction includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the second transmission delay. That is, the implementation manner of increasing the second transmission delay in the second direction carried with the packet. It can be understood that, the data packet in the second direction may also carry the second transmission delay in the data payload.

In a possible implementation manner, the data packet in the second direction further includes second indication information, where the second indication information is used to instruct the second communication device to skip the packet delay budget information indicated by using the quality of service flow identifier. It can be understood that the second indication information may be actually existing indication information (that is, the second indication information occupies a part of bits), or it may be directly the first indication information (that is, the first indication information is not only indicating the downlink transmission) Delay outside, which implicitly means instructing the second communication device to skip the packet delay budget information indicated by using the quality of service flow identifier).

In a possible implementation manner, the data packets in the first direction include first information, and the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the first direction; the data packets in the second direction include second information, The second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction; the first information and the second information are used to determine the one-to-one correspondence between the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction . That is, if the uplink data packet is used to request A, A is carried in the downlink data packet. In this embodiment, the first information and the second information may be counters (ie, message counts), for example, the first information in the first uplink data packet is 1, and the downlink data corresponding to the first uplink data packet The second information in the packet is 1; the first information in the second uplink data packet is 2, and the second information in the downlink data packet corresponding to the second uplink data packet is 2. Therefore, when the first communication device determines the association between the uplink and downlink data packets, it can be determined according to whether the counters are the same.

In a possible implementation manner, the first communication device determining the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay includes: when the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to the first transmission delay When the threshold is preset, the first communication device determines the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the first transmission delay. This can reduce the processing amount of the first communication device.

In a possible implementation manner, the first communication device obtains the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction; when the average transmission delay is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, the first communication device obtains the round-trip The difference between the delay and the average transmission delay determines the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction. In this solution, the average transmission delay is obtained by the third communication device counting the transmission delays of data packets in the first direction reported by the first communication device within a preset time period; therefore, the average transmission delay is the third communication device The device sends to the first communication device.

In a possible implementation manner, the first communication device acquires the predicted transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction, and the predicted transmission delay is associated with the time period and/or the location information; in the time period and/or the location information, and the first communication device determines that the predicted transmission delay is the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction. In this solution, the predicted transmission delay is predicted by the fourth communication device according to the historical transmission delay of data packets in the first direction reported by the first communication device and the current state information, where the current state information includes current network parameters, The number of users, time period, and location information; therefore, the predicted transmission delay is sent by the fourth communication device to the first communication device.

In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining, by the first communication device, the first transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction includes: the first communication device calculates and obtains the first transmission delay according to the reception time and timestamp information, and the first transmission delay is obtained by the first communication device. The reception time is used to indicate the time when the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction, and the timestamp information is used to indicate the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction; or, the first communication device according to the transmission time The first transmission delay is obtained by calculating the first transmission delay with the timestamp information, the sending time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device sends the data packet in the first direction to the application server, and the timestamp information is used to indicate the data packet in the first direction. The time when the packet was sent.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, which specifically includes: a first communication device receives a data packet in a first direction, where the data packet in the first direction carries first information, where the first information is used to indicate the The sequence of the data packets in the first direction; the first communication device receives the data packets in the second direction, and the data packets in the second direction carry second information, and the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction ; The first communication device determines that the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction correspond one-to-one according to the first information and the second information; if the first direction is uplink, then the second direction is Down; or, if the first direction is down, the second direction is up.

In the technical solution provided by this embodiment, the first communication device implements a one-to-one correspondence between the uplink and downlink data packets through the first information and the second information, which solves the problem of the disorder of the uplink and downlink data packets.

In a possible implementation manner, the first communication device may also acquire the first transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction; the first communication device determines the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay The second transmission delay of the data packet; the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, and the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay.

In the technical solution provided by this embodiment, the first communication device carries the transmission delay with the packet, so that the second communication device does not need to query the transmission delay according to the packet delay budget information indicated by the QoS flow identifier, thereby Realize fine dynamic adjustment of transmission delay.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, where the apparatus has a function of implementing the behavior of the first communication device in the above-mentioned first aspect. This function can be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.

In a possible implementation manner, the apparatus includes units or modules for performing the steps of the above first aspect. For example, the device includes: a receiving module for receiving data packets in a first direction; a processing module for acquiring a first transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction; according to the first transmission delay and round-trip delay determining the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction; the sending module is configured to send the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, and the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay; If the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward; or, if the first direction is downward, the second direction is upward.

Optionally, a storage module is also included for storing necessary program instructions and data of the communication device.

In a possible implementation manner, the apparatus includes: a processor and a transceiver, where the processor is configured to support the communication apparatus to perform corresponding functions in the method provided in the first aspect. The transceiver is used to instruct the communication between the first communication device, the second communication device and other network devices, and send the data packets involved in the above method to the second communication device. Optionally, the apparatus may further include a memory for coupling with the processor, which stores necessary program instructions and data for the communication apparatus.

In a possible implementation, when the device is a chip in a communication device, the chip includes: a processing module and a transceiver module; the transceiver module may be, for example, an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit on the chip, etc. , used to receive the data packet in the first direction, and transmit the data packet to other chips or modules coupled with this chip; the processing module can be, for example, a processor, and the processor is used to obtain the data packet in the first direction The first transmission delay is determined according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay; the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction is determined. The processing module can execute the computer-executed instructions stored in the storage unit, so as to support the communication apparatus to perform the method provided in the first aspect. Optionally, the storage unit can be a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., and the storage unit can also be a storage unit located outside the chip, such as a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or a memory unit. Other types of static storage devices that store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), etc.

In a possible implementation manner, the apparatus includes: a processor, a baseband circuit, a radio frequency circuit and an antenna. The processor is used to control the functions of each circuit part, and the baseband circuit is used to generate data packets, which are processed by analog conversion, filtering, amplification and frequency up-conversion through the radio frequency circuit, and then sent to the second communication device through the antenna. Optionally, the device further includes a memory, which stores necessary program instructions and data of the communication device.

In a possible implementation manner, the apparatus includes a communication interface and a logic circuit, where the communication interface is used for receiving data packets in the first direction; the logic circuit is used for acquiring the first transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction ; Determine the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay; the communication interface sends the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, and the data packet in the second direction is sent to the second communication device. The second transmission delay is carried in the data packet; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink.

Wherein, the processor mentioned in any of the above may be a general-purpose central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more An integrated circuit for controlling program execution of the data transmission methods of the above aspects.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus, where the apparatus has a function of implementing the behavior of the first communication device in the second aspect. This function can be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.

In a possible implementation manner, the apparatus includes units or modules for performing the steps of the second aspect above. For example, the device includes: a receiving module for receiving data packets in the first direction, where the data packets in the first direction carry first information, and the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the first direction; Data packets in two directions, the data packets in the second direction carry second information, and the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction; the processing module is used for according to the first information and the second information. It is determined that the data packets in the first direction are in one-to-one correspondence with the data packets in the second direction; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction The direction is upward.

In a possible implementation manner, the apparatus includes: a processor and a transceiver, where the processor is configured to support the communication apparatus to perform corresponding functions in the method provided in the second aspect. The transceiver is used to instruct the communication between the first communication device, the second communication device and other network devices, and send the data packets involved in the above method to the second communication device. Optionally, the apparatus may further include a memory for coupling with the processor, which stores necessary program instructions and data for the communication apparatus.

In a possible implementation, when the device is a chip in a communication device, the chip includes: a processing module and a transceiver module; the transceiver module may be, for example, an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit on the chip, etc. , for receiving the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction, and transmitting the data packets to other chips or modules coupled with this chip; the processing module can be, for example, a processor, and the processor is used to The first information and the second information determine that the data packets in the first direction are in one-to-one correspondence with the data packets in the second direction. The processing module can execute the computer-executed instructions stored in the storage unit, so as to support the communication apparatus to perform the method provided in the first aspect. Optionally, the storage unit can be a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., and the storage unit can also be a storage unit located outside the chip, such as ROM or other types of static information and instructions that can store static information and instructions. storage, RAM, etc.

In a possible implementation manner, the apparatus includes: a processor, a baseband circuit, a radio frequency circuit and an antenna. The processor is used to control the functions of each circuit part, and the baseband circuit is used to generate data packets, which are processed by analog conversion, filtering, amplification and frequency up-conversion through the radio frequency circuit, and then sent to other communication devices through the antenna. Optionally, the device further includes a memory, which stores necessary program instructions and data of the communication device.

In a possible implementation manner, the apparatus includes a communication interface and a logic circuit, where the communication interface is configured to receive data packets in a first direction, where the data packets in the first direction carry first information, and the first information is used to indicate the The sequence of the data packets in the first direction; receiving the data packets in the second direction, the data packets in the second direction carry second information, and the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction; the logic circuit, for determining the one-to-one correspondence between the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction according to the first information and the second information; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, If the first direction is downward, the second direction is upward.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored in the computer storage medium, and the computer instructions are used to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of any one of the foregoing aspects.

In a sixth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method in any one of the foregoing aspects.

In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a chip system, the chip system includes a processor for supporting a communication device to implement the functions involved in the above aspects, such as generating or processing the data and/or information involved in the above methods. In a possible design, the chip system further includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data of the communication device, so as to realize the function of any one of the above aspects. The chip system can be composed of chips, and can also include chips and other discrete devices.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication system in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a 5G network architecture in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication device in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a data transmission method in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication device in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the communication device in the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. . Those of ordinary skill in the art know that with the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

The terms "first", "second" and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, eg, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those expressly listed Rather, those steps or modules may include other steps or modules not expressly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus. The naming or numbering of the steps in this application does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be executed in the time/logical sequence indicated by the naming or numbering, and the named or numbered process steps can be implemented according to the The technical purpose is to change the execution order, as long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved. The division of units in this application is a logical division. In practical applications, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored. , or not implemented, in addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between units may be electrical or other similar forms. There are no restrictions in the application. In addition, the units or sub-units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, may or may not be physical units, or may be distributed into multiple circuit units, and some or all of them may be selected according to actual needs. unit to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this application.

FIG. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the communication system 100 includes: a first communication device 101 and a second communication device 102 . The first communication device 101 and the second communication device 102 may communicate directly or communicate through forwarding by other devices, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Based on the system architecture of the communication system 100, the embodiments of the present application may provide two possible implementation manners.

In a first possible implementation manner, the first direction is uplink, and the second direction is downlink. The first communication device 101 is configured to receive an uplink data packet (that is, a data packet in the first direction) sent by the second communication device, and calculate an uplink transmission delay (that is, a first transmission delay) of the uplink data packet, and calculate the downlink transmission delay of the downlink data packet (that is, the data packet in the second direction) corresponding to the uplink data packet according to the uplink transmission delay and the round-trip delay of the uplink data packet; finally, the first communication device 101 The data packet is sent to the second communication device 102, and the downlink transmission delay is carried in the downlink data packet, so that the second communication device 102 uses the downlink transmission delay to send the downlink data packet to the receiving end.

In the second possible implementation manner, the first direction is downlink, and the second direction is uplink. The first communication device 101 is configured to receive a data packet from the downlink direction (that is, a data packet in the first direction), calculate the downlink transmission delay (that is, the first transmission delay) of the downlink data packet, and obtain the downlink transmission delay (that is, the first transmission delay) according to the The downlink transmission delay and round-trip delay of the downlink data packet are used to calculate the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet (that is, the data packet in the second direction) corresponding to the downlink data packet; finally, the first communication device 101 sends the uplink data packet to the second communication device 102, and carry the uplink transmission delay in the uplink data packet, so that the second communication device 102 uses the uplink transmission delay to send the uplink data packet.

In this embodiment, the round-trip delay may be a service round-trip delay, that is, the total elapsed time from when the terminal device sends data to when the terminal device receives the data fed back by the application server. The round-trip delay can also be the network round-trip delay, that is, the total time elapsed between sending data from the terminal device to the user plane function (UPF), and the terminal device receiving the data fed back by the UPF (that is, not counting UPF forwarding). data to the application server, and when the application server sends the data to the UPF). In this embodiment, the round-trip delay between the terminal device and the UPF is used for description.

Optionally, the communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to various communication systems, such as a 5G communication system and a future wireless communication system, etc., which is not specifically limited here.

In an exemplary solution, the communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is applied to the 5G network architecture shown in FIG. 2 , wherein the 5G network architecture includes a user equipment (user equipment, UE), a session management function entity (session management function entity). management function, SMF), user plane function entity (user plane function, UPF), access network node ((radio) access network, (R)AN), application function entity (application function, AF), data network (data network) , DN), network data analytics function (NWDAF), access and mobility management function (AMF), policy control function (PCF), unified data Management function entity (unified data management, UDM), authentication server function entity (authentication server function, AUSF), network exposure function entity (network exposure function, NEF). The UE communicates with the AMF network element through the next generation network (next generation, N) 1 interface (referred to as N1), the RAN device communicates with the AMF network element through the N2 interface (referred to as N2), and the RAN device communicates with the AMF network element through the N3 interface (referred to as N3). The UPF network element communicates with the DN through the N6 interface (N6 for short), and the SMF network element communicates with the UPF network element through the N4 interface (N4 for short). In addition, it should be noted that the AMF network element shown in Figure 2 , SMF network elements, UDM network elements, AUSF network elements, PCF network elements or AF network elements and other control plane network elements can also use service interfaces for interaction. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the service interface provided by the AMF network element can be Namf; the service interface provided by the SMF network element can be Nsmf; the service interface provided by the UDM network element can be Nudm; the PCF network element The service interface provided externally can be Npcf, the service interface provided by the AUSF network element can be Nausf, the service interface provided by the AF network element can be Naf, and the service interface provided by the NWDAF network element can be Nnwdaf. For the relevant description, please refer to the 5G system architecture (5G system architecture) in the 23501 standard, which will not be repeated here. The functions of each NE or module are described as follows:

SMF: The main function is to control the establishment, modification and deletion of sessions, and the selection of user plane nodes.

UPF: The main functions enable data packet routing and forwarding, mobility anchors, upstream classifiers to support routing traffic flows to the data network, branch points to support multi-homed packet data unit (PDU) sessions, etc.

(R)AN: The main function is to provide wireless connectivity, located between UE and core network nodes.

AF: The main function is to interact with the core network to provide services to affect service flow routing, access network capability opening, and policy control.

DN: eg carrier service, internet access or third party service.

NWDAF: Provides network data collection and analysis functions based on technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence.

AMF: The main functions include management of user registration, reachability detection, selection of SMF nodes, and management of mobility state transitions.

PCF: The main function is a policy decision point, providing rules based on business data flow and application detection, gate control, QoS and flow-based charging control.

UDM: The main function is to store user subscription data.

AUSF: The main function is to provide authentication services.

NEF: Securely open services and capabilities provided by 3GPP network functions, such as third parties, edge computing, AF, etc.

However, the first communication device in the technical solution provided by this application may be a core network device or a terminal device, and the second communication device may be an access device (eg, a RAN). The core network device receives the uplink data packet sent by the terminal device through the RAN or delivers the downlink data packet to the terminal device through the RAN; and the RAN receives the uplink data packet sent by the terminal device and receives the downlink data packet forwarded by the UPF . Wherein, the terminal device may also be a device used to implement a wireless communication function, such as a terminal or a chip that can be used in the terminal, and the like. The terminal may be a user equipment (UE), an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station in a 5G network or a future evolved public land mobile network (Public Land Mobile Network, PLMN) network , remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, wireless communication device, terminal agent or terminal device, etc. The access terminal may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices or wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) end devices, augmented reality (AR) end devices, industrial control (industrial) wireless terminal in control), wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety Terminals, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc. Terminals can be mobile or stationary.

The RAN refers to the equipment that accesses the core network, for example, it can be the Base Transceiver Station in the Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) system and the Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system. , BTS), can also be a base station (NodeB, NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) system, or can be an evolved base station ( Evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB), or relay stations, access points, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, and network-side devices in 5G networks or in future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks network equipment, etc. The core network device may be each network element in the network architecture as shown in FIG. 2 .

Optionally, the first communication device and the second communication device in this embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as communication apparatuses, which may be a general-purpose device or a dedicated device, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Optionally, the related functions of the first communication device and the second communication device in this embodiment of the present application may be implemented by one device, or jointly implemented by multiple devices, or may be implemented by one or more functions in one device. Module implementation, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application. It is to be understood that the above-mentioned functions can be either network elements in hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware, or a combination of hardware and software, or instantiated on a platform (eg, a cloud platform). Virtualization capabilities.

For example, the related functions of the first communication device and the second communication device in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by the communication device 300 in FIG. 3 . FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 300 includes one or more processors 301, a communication line 302, and at least one communication interface (in FIG. 3, the communication interface 304 and one processor 301 are used as an example for illustration only), optional The memory 303 may also be included.

The processor 301 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more processors for controlling the execution of the programs of the present application. integrated circuit.

Communication line 302 may include a path for connecting the various components.

The communication interface 304 can be a transceiver module for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, RAN, wireless local area networks (wireless local area networks, WLAN) and the like. For example, the transceiver module may be a device such as a transceiver or a transceiver. Optionally, the communication interface 304 may also be a transceiver circuit located in the processor 301 to implement signal input and signal output of the processor.

The memory 303 may be a device having a storage function. For example, it may be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other types of storage devices that can store information and instructions The dynamic storage device can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, optical disk storage ( including compact discs, laser discs, compact discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and capable of being stored by a computer any other medium taken, but not limited to this. The memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor through communication line 302 . The memory can also be integrated with the processor.

The memory 303 is used for storing computer-executed instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 301 . The processor 301 is configured to execute the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory 303, thereby implementing the method for reporting session management information provided in the embodiments of the present application.

Or, optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, the processor 301 may also perform processing-related functions in the method for reporting session management information provided by the following embodiments of the present application, and the communication interface 304 is responsible for communicating with other devices or communication networks. communication, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Optionally, the computer-executed instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 301 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 3 .

In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 300 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 301 and the processor 307 in FIG. 3 . Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. The processor here may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller (MCU), or artificial intelligence Processors and other types of computing devices that run software, each computing device may include one or more cores for executing software instructions to perform operations or processing.

In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 300 may further include an output device 305 and an input device 306 . The output device 305 is in communication with the processor 301 and can display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 305 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector (projector) Wait. Input device 306 is in communication with processor 301 and can receive user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input device 306 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensor device, or the like.

The above-mentioned communication device 300 may also be sometimes referred to as a communication device, which may be a general-purpose device or a dedicated device. For example, the communication device 300 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, an embedded device, the above-mentioned terminal device, the above-mentioned network device, or a 3 devices of similar structure. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the communication device 300 .

The data transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 .

It should be noted that the name of the message between each network element or the name of each parameter in the message in the following embodiments of the present application is just an example, and other names may also be used in the specific implementation, which is not done in the embodiment of the present application. Specific restrictions.

In FIG. 4 , the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink, the first communication device is core network device, and the second communication device is RAN for example, at this time, the data transmission method includes the following steps:

401. The first communication device receives a data packet in a first direction.

In this embodiment, the first communication device receives an uplink data packet in the uplink direction sent by the terminal device through the RAN, wherein the uplink data packet also carries timestamp information, where the timestamp information is used to indicate the terminal The sending time when the device sends the upstream data packet.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4 , the first communication device also sends the uplink data to the application server.

402. The first communication device acquires the first transmission delay of the data packet in the first direction.

In this embodiment, when the first communication device acquires the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data (that is, the first transmission delay), the specific operations may be as follows:

In a possible implementation manner, the first communication device calculates and obtains the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet according to the reception time and time stamp information, and the reception time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device receives the uplink data packet. , the timestamp information is used to indicate the sending moment of the uplink data packet. That is, when the first communication device receives the uplink data packet, it records the reception time of receiving the uplink data packet; then analyzes the uplink data to obtain the time stamp information used to indicate the transmission time of the uplink data packet; finally, according to the The uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet is obtained by calculating the reception time and the timestamp information.

In a possible implementation manner, the first communication device calculates and obtains the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet according to the sending time and timestamp information, and the sending time is used to instruct the first communication device to send the uplink data packet to the application server. The time stamp information is used to indicate the sending time of the uplink data packet. That is, when forwarding the uplink data packet to the application server, the first communication device records the sending time of sending the uplink data packet; at the same time, parses the uplink data to obtain the time stamp information for indicating the sending time of the uplink data packet; finally The uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet is obtained by calculating according to the sending time and the timestamp information.

It can be understood that, in the above solution, the uplink transmission delay is only used to indicate the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet sent by the terminal device to the core network device. If the uplink transmission delay also includes the interaction delay between the core network device and the application server and the data processing delay by the application server, the uplink transmission delay may be based on the first communication device receiving the downlink sent by the application server. The data packet receiving time is calculated from the sending time when the terminal device sends the uplink data packet.

403. The first communication device determines a second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay.

After acquiring the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet, the first communication device uses the round-trip delay and the uplink transmission delay to determine the downlink transmission delay of the downlink data packet corresponding to the uplink data packet. The first communication device can obtain the downlink transmission delay of the downlink data packet by adopting the following technical solutions:

In a possible implementation manner, the first communication device obtains the downlink transmission delay by calculating a difference between the round-trip delay and the uplink transmission delay. In this solution, in order to reduce the processing amount, the first communication device may adjust the downlink transmission delay when the uplink transmission delay is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold. That is, when the uplink transmission delay is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the first communication device obtains the downlink transmission delay by calculating the difference between the round-trip delay and the uplink transmission delay.

In another possible implementation manner, the first communication device may obtain the average transmission delay of the uplink transmission delay of the data packets in the upstream direction within a preset time period; when the average transmission delay is greater than or equal to the second preset time period When the threshold is set, the first communication device calculates the difference between the round-trip delay and the average transmission delay to obtain the downlink transmission delay.

In another possible implementation manner, the first communication device may acquire the predicted transmission delay of the data packet in the downlink direction, wherein the predicted transmission delay is associated with the time period and/or the location information; then, in the time period and /or the location information, the first communication device determines the predicted transmission delay as the downlink transmission delay.

In this embodiment, the first communication device may receive a downlink data packet sent by the application server.

404. The first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, where the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay.

The first communication device sends data packets in the second direction (ie, downlink data packets) to the second communication device, wherein the data packets in the second direction carry the second transmission delay (ie, downlink transmission delay).

In a possible implementation manner, the first communication device includes first indication information in a packet header of the uplink data packet, where the first indication information is used to indicate the downlink transmission delay. In this solution, the first communication device may further include second indication information, where the second indication information is used to instruct the second communication device to skip the packet delay budget information (that is, (Packet Delay) indicated by using the QoS flow identifier. Budget, PDB) information). It can be understood that the second indication information may be actually existing indication information (that is, the second indication information occupies a part of bits), or it may be directly the first indication information (that is, the first indication information is not only indicating the downlink transmission) Delay outside, which implicitly means instructing the second communication device to skip the packet delay budget information indicated by using the quality of service flow identifier).

405. The second communication device sends the downlink data packet to the terminal device according to the downlink transmission delay.

In this embodiment, the dotted line in FIG. 4 is used to indicate that this step is an optional step, which is the same below and will not be repeated here.

In FIG. 4, only the first direction is the uplink and the second direction is the downlink for example. In another possible implementation manner, if the first direction is the downlink and the second direction is the uplink, the first communication device may be A terminal device, the second communication device is a RAN. The first communication device receives the downlink data packet sent by the core network device through the second communication device, and then calculates the downlink transmission delay of the downlink data packet; then calculates and obtains the downlink data according to the round-trip delay and the downlink transmission delay The uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet corresponding to the packet is carried, and the uplink transmission delay is carried into the uplink data packet and sent to the second communication device, so that the second communication device uses the uplink transmission delay to send the uplink data. Packet to core network equipment.

At the same time, in this solution, in order to solve the problem of association between uplink and downlink data packets, the uplink data packets also carry first information, the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the uplink data packets, and the downlink data packets also carry the second information. information, the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the downlink data packets, wherein the first information and the second information are used to determine that the uplink data packet and the downlink data packet are in a one-to-one correspondence. That is, if the uplink data packet is used to request A, A is carried in the downlink data packet. In this embodiment, the first information and the second information may be counters (ie, message counts), for example, the first information in the first uplink data packet is 1, and the downlink data corresponding to the first uplink data packet The second information in the packet is 1; the first information in the second uplink data packet is 2, and the second information in the downlink data packet corresponding to the second uplink data packet is 2. Therefore, when the first communication device determines the association between the uplink and downlink data packets, it can be determined according to whether the counters are the same.

In the technical solution provided by this embodiment, the first communication device carries the transmission delay with the packet, so that the second communication device does not need to query the transmission delay according to the packet delay budget information indicated by the QoS flow identifier, thereby Fine and dynamic adjustment of transmission delay is realized, which improves the user's service experience. At the same time, a one-to-one correspondence is implemented for the uplink and downlink data packets, which solves the disorder of the uplink and downlink data packets.

In FIG. 5, the first direction is the uplink, the second direction is the downlink, the first communication device is the UPF, and the second communication device is the RAN. If the downlink transmission delay is calculated by the UPF, the data transmission The method includes the following steps:

501. The terminal device sends an uplink data packet to the UPF through the RAN.

In the network architecture shown in FIG. 2 , if the terminal device has completed the network registration and the establishment of the PDU session, at this time, the data connection between the terminal device and the application server has been established. That is, the terminal device can perform data interaction with the application server through the network architecture of FIG. 2 . In this embodiment, if the data transmission is applied to a VR application, after the VR camera captures the motion data, the VR on the terminal device generates an uplink data packet, wherein the terminal device includes timestamp information for the uplink data packet And the terminal equipment can send uplink data packets to the UPF through the RAN. Meanwhile, the uplink data packet may further include first information, where the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the uplink data packet.

In this embodiment, the uplink data packet may be an uplink IP data packet, and the uplink IP data packet includes an IP packet header and an IP data payload. The first information may be included in the IP header or in the IP data payload. In an exemplary solution, the first information may be a counter (ie, message count), and the message count may be placed in the Option field of the IP packet header. Under this scheme, each time an action data is captured and a corresponding upstream IP packet is generated, the value of the message count will increase accordingly (eg +1). For example, the value of message count contained in the first upstream data packet is 1, the value of message count contained in the second upstream data packet is 2, and so on.

502. The UPF sends the uplink data packet to the application server, and calculates the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet.

After receiving the uplink data packet, the UPF parses the uplink data packet to obtain the timestamp information and the first information and records it; and then forwards the uplink data packet to the application server. It can be understood that, if the upstream data packet is an upstream IP data packet, the UPF can obtain the timestamp information and the first information (such as message count) through deep packet inspection (Deep Packet Inspection, DPI). It can be understood that the UPF can also record the receiving time after receiving the uplink data packet, so the UPF can calculate the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet through the receiving time and time stamp information. Optionally, the UPF may also record the sending time of sending the uplink data packet to the application server, and then calculate the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet according to the sending time and the timestamp information.

503. The UPF receives the downlink data packet sent by the application server.

The application server obtains the action data from the upstream IP data packet, and then renders the next frame corresponding to the action. The application server generates a downlink data packet from the screen data, and sends it to the UPF. It can be understood that the application server can perform IP encapsulation on the screen data to generate a downlink IP data packet, and the downlink IP data packet also includes a counter message count, and the value of this message count corresponds to the message count of the corresponding uplink IP data packet. There is a corresponding relationship between the values, such as the same value or a value based on a preset difference, and so on. For example, for the downlink data packet of the corresponding screen generated according to the action data in the first uplink IP data packet, the message count value is 1; for the downlink IP data packet generated according to the second uplink IP data packet, the message count value is 2.

504. When there is a one-to-one correspondence between the downlink data packet and the uplink data packet, the UPF calculates the downlink transmission delay of the downlink data packet according to the round-trip delay and the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet.

The UPF receives the downlink IP data packet sent by the application server, and the UPF obtains the message count value contained in the downlink IP data packet through DPI. UPF matches the previous upstream message count value according to the downstream message count value until it finds an upstream message count value that is equal to it. UPF subtracts the upstream transmission delay of the upstream IP data packet corresponding to the message count from the round-trip delay to obtain the required delay of the downstream IP data packet.

In this embodiment, in order to reduce the processing amount of the UPF, the UPF may recalculate the downlink transmission delay only when the uplink transmission delay is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold. If it is not greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the UPF may directly use the configured downlink transmission delay as the downlink transmission delay of the downlink data packet. For example, assuming that the round-trip delay is 10 milliseconds, the first preset threshold is 5 milliseconds, the preconfigured uplink transmission delay is 5 milliseconds, and the downlink transmission delay is 5 milliseconds. If the uplink transmission delay is 4 milliseconds, that is, less than the first preset threshold, the UPF can determine the 5 milliseconds as the downlink transmission delay of the downlink data packet; if the uplink transmission delay is 6 milliseconds, that is When the value is greater than the first preset threshold, the UPF determines that the downlink transmission delay is 4 milliseconds according to the round-trip delay and the uplink transmission delay.

505. The UPF sends a downlink data packet to the RAN, where the downlink data packet carries the downlink transmission delay.

The UPF sends downlink packets to the RAN. In an exemplary solution, the UPF may encapsulate the downlink data packet into a general packet radio service tunneling protocol (General Packet Radio Service Tunnelling Protocol, GTP) message for transmission on the N3 interface between the RAN and the UPF. The GTP packet header includes first indication information for indicating the downlink transmission delay (in an exemplary solution, the first indication information is a PDB value cell, and the value of the cell is equal to the corresponding downlink data packet). downlink transmission delay). Optionally, the GTP packet header may further include second indication information, which is used to instruct the RAN to skip the PDB information indicated by using the QoS flow identifier.

506. The RAN sends the downlink data packet to the terminal device according to the downlink transmission delay.

After the RAN receives the downlink data packet, if it detects that the downlink data packet includes the first indication information and the second indication information, the RAN may ignore the quality of service flow identifier carried in the downlink data packet. PDB information (equivalent to the fixed PDB failure indicated by the quality of service flow identifier), and the downlink transmission delay indicated by the first indication information shall prevail. In an exemplary solution, the RAN schedules air interface resources according to the delay value indicated by the PDB value, and transmits the downlink data packet to the terminal device.

Optionally, the RAN may set a policy that as long as the downlink data packet includes the first indication information, the RAN skips by default the PDB information indicated by the quality of service flow identifier. In an exemplary solution, if the RAN detects that the PDB value is included in the downlink data packet, the RAN ignores the PDB information indicated by the QFI carried in the downlink data packet according to the delay value indicated by the PDB value, The transmission of downlink data packets is still guaranteed by the value indicated by the PDB value. The RAN node schedules resources according to the delay value indicated by the PDB value, and sends the downlink data packet to the terminal device.

In this embodiment, the UPF marks the associated uplink and downlink data packets by increasing the message count, and the UPF identifies the message count in the application layer data through DPI to complete the correct association of the uplink and downlink data packets. At the same time, the UPF carries the dynamic PDB in the header of the downlink data packet to instruct the RAN node to schedule the downlink data packet according to the latest dynamic PDB value, so as to realize accurate and flexible scheduling of the downlink data packet.

In FIG. 6, the first direction is the uplink, the second direction is the downlink, the first communication device is the UPF, and the second communication device is the RAN. If the downlink transmission delay is calculated by the SMF, the data transmission The method includes the following steps:

601. The terminal device sends an uplink data packet to the UPF through the RAN.

In the network architecture shown in FIG. 2 , if the terminal device has completed the network registration and the establishment of the PDU session, at this time, the data connection between the terminal device and the application server has been established. That is, the terminal device can perform data interaction with the application server through the network architecture of FIG. 2 . In this embodiment, if the data transmission is applied to a VR application, after the VR camera captures the motion data, the VR on the terminal device generates an uplink data packet, wherein the terminal device adds timestamp information to the uplink data packet And the terminal equipment can send uplink data packets to the UPF through the RAN. Meanwhile, the uplink data packet may further include first information, where the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the uplink data packet.

602. The UPF sends the uplink data packet to the application server, and calculates the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet.

603. The UPF reports the uplink transmission delay to the SMF.

The UPF reports the calculated uplink transmission delay to the SMF. It can be understood that the UPF may adopt the following scheme for delaying when reporting the uplink transmission:

In a possible implementation manner, the UPF may report the uplink transmission delay in real time, that is, the uplink transmission delay is reported once when an uplink transmission delay is calculated.

In another possible implementation manner, the UPF may accumulate the uplink transmission delays to a preset number or after the data transmission duration reaches the preset duration, and then report the calculated uplink transmission delays to the SMF in batches. For example, the UPF accumulates the upstream transmission delay of 100 upstream data packets, and then reports it to the SMF in a unified manner. Alternatively, the UPF accumulates the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packets within 2 minutes, and then reports it to the SMF in a unified manner.

604. The SMF determines the downlink transmission delay according to the uplink transmission delay and the round-trip delay.

After receiving the uplink transmission delay, the SMF calculates the downlink transmission delay according to the round-trip delay and the uplink transmission delay. The round-trip delay may be pre-configured on the SMF, or may be sent to the SMF by other network elements. It can be understood that, when the SMF calculates the downlink transmission delay, the following scheme can be adopted:

In a possible implementation manner, the SMF calculates the downlink transmission delay based on the uplink transmission delay reported for a single time. For example, for each reported uplink transmission delay pair, a corresponding downlink transmission delay is calculated. In order to reduce the processing amount of the SMF, the SMF may calculate the downlink transmission delay corresponding to the uplink transmission delay when a certain uplink transmission delay is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold.

In another possible implementation manner, the SMF may calculate the downlink transmission delay based on multiple uplink transmission delays. In an exemplary solution, the SMF counts the uplink transmission delay within a preset time period and obtains an average value to obtain the average uplink transmission delay. If the average uplink transmission delay shows an upward trend or the average uplink transmission delay is greater than or is equal to the second preset threshold, then the SMF calculates the average downlink transmission delay according to the round-trip delay and the average uplink transmission delay as the downlink transmission delay.

605. The SMF initiates a PDU session update procedure to configure the downlink transmission delay to the UPF.

After the SMF calculates and obtains the downlink transmission delay, a PDU session update process is initiated, so as to realize the process of configuring the downlink transmission delay to the UPF.

606. The UPF receives the downlink data packet sent by the application server.

607. The UPF sends a downlink data packet to the RAN, where the downlink data packet carries the downlink transmission delay.

It can be understood that, after receiving the downlink data packet sent by the application server, the UPF can also associate the downlink data packet with the uplink data packet, so as to realize ordering and sending. In an exemplary solution, the UPF obtains the message count value contained in the downlink data packet through DPI. UPF matches the previous upstream message count value according to the downstream message count value until it finds an upstream message count value that is equal to it. At this time, the uplink data packet indicated by the message count value corresponds to the downlink data packet, and in order to keep the uplink and downlink data out of order, the UPF can be sorted according to the message count value.

608. The RAN sends the downlink data packet to the terminal device according to the downlink transmission delay.

In FIG. 7, the first direction is the uplink, the second direction is the downlink, the first communication device is the UPF, and the second communication device is the RAN. If the downlink transmission delay is calculated by the NWDAF, then the data transmission The method includes the following steps:

701. The terminal device sends an uplink data packet to the UPF through the RAN.

702. The UPF sends the uplink data packet to the application server, and calculates the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet.

703. The UPF reports the uplink transmission delay to the NWDAF.

The UPF reports the calculated uplink transmission delay to the NWDAF. It can be understood that the UPF may adopt the following scheme for delaying when reporting the uplink transmission:

In another possible implementation manner, the UPF may accumulate the uplink transmission delays to a preset number or after the data transmission duration reaches the preset duration, and then report the calculated uplink transmission delays to the NWDAF in batches. For example, the UPF accumulates the upstream transmission delay of 100 upstream data packets, and then reports it to the NWDAF in a unified manner. Alternatively, the UPF accumulates the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packets within 2 minutes, and then reports it to the NWDAF in a unified manner.

704. The NWDAF determines the downlink transmission delay according to the uplink transmission delay and the round-trip delay.

After receiving the uplink transmission delay, the NWDAF calculates the downlink transmission delay according to the round-trip delay and the uplink transmission delay. The round-trip delay may be pre-configured on the NWDAF, or may be sent to the NWDAF by other network elements. It can be understood that, the NWDAF may adopt the following scheme when calculating the downlink transmission delay:

In a possible implementation manner, the NWDAF calculates the downlink transmission delay based on the uplink transmission delay reported in a single report. For example, for each reported uplink transmission delay pair, a corresponding downlink transmission delay is calculated. In order to reduce the processing amount of the NWDAF, the NWDAF may calculate the downlink transmission delay corresponding to the uplink transmission delay when a certain uplink transmission delay is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold.

In another possible implementation manner, the NWDAF may calculate the downlink transmission delay based on multiple uplink transmission delays. In an exemplary solution, the NWDAF counts the uplink transmission delay within a preset time period and obtains an average value to obtain the average uplink transmission delay. If the average uplink transmission delay shows an upward trend or the average uplink transmission delay is greater than or is equal to the second preset threshold, then the NWDAF calculates the average downlink transmission delay according to the round-trip delay and the average uplink transmission delay as the downlink transmission delay.

In another possible implementation manner, the NWDAF can also comprehensively predict and obtain a predicted transmission delay according to the historical uplink transmission delay and information such as current network parameters, number of users, time period, location information, etc., and the predicted transmission delay and time segment and/or location information. That is, the predicted transmission delay is only applicable to a specific time period or to a specific location or both.

705. The NWDAF sends the downlink transmission delay to the SMF.

706. The SMF initiates a PDU session update procedure to configure the downlink transmission delay to the UPF.

Optionally, the NWDAF may also send the downlink transmission delay to the UPF. For example, the UPF subscribes to the NWDAF service for subscribing to the predicted downlink transmission delay. When the NWDAF calculates and obtains a predicted downlink transmission delay, the NWDAF may send the predicted downlink transmission delay to the UPF in the form of a service notification.

707. The UPF receives the downlink data packet sent by the application server.

708. The UPF sends a downlink data packet to the RAN, where the downlink data packet carries the downlink transmission delay.

709. The RAN sends the downlink data packet to the terminal device according to the downlink transmission delay.

It can be understood that, in the above embodiments, the methods and/or steps implemented by the first communication device may also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the first communication device; The methods and/or steps may also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the second communication device; the methods and/or steps implemented by core network devices may also be implemented by components (such as chips) that can be used in core network devices. or circuit) implementation.

The foregoing mainly introduces the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interaction between various devices. Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication apparatus, and the communication apparatus may be the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, or an apparatus including the foregoing first communication device, or a component usable for the first communication device; Alternatively, the communication device may be the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, or a device including the foregoing second communication device, or a component usable for the second communication device; or, the communication device may be the foregoing method embodiment The core network element in , or a device including the above-mentioned core network element, or a component that can be used for the core network element. It can be understood that, in order to realize the above-mentioned functions, the communication apparatus includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that the present application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

8 , the communication device 800 in this embodiment of the present application includes: a receiving module 801, a processing module 802 and a sending module 803, wherein the receiving module 801, the processing module 802 and the sending module 803 are connected through a bus. The communication apparatus 800 may be used to perform part or all of the functions of the above-mentioned devices.

For example, the receiving module 801 is used to receive the data packets in the first direction; the processing module 802 is used to obtain the first transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction; according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay Determine the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction; the sending module 803 is configured to send the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, and the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission time If the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward; or, if the first direction is downward, then the second direction is upward.

Optionally, the packet header of the data packet in the second direction includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the second transmission delay.

Optionally, the data packet in the second direction further includes second indication information, where the second indication information is used to instruct the second communication device to skip the packet delay budget information indicated by using the quality of service flow identifier.

Optionally, the data packets in the first direction include first information, and the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the first direction; the data packets in the second direction include second information, the second information The information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction; the first information and the second information are used to determine a one-to-one correspondence between the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction.

Optionally, the processing module 802 is specifically configured to, when the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, determine the delay in the second direction according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the first transmission delay. The second transmission delay of the data packet.

Optionally, the receiving module 801 is further configured to obtain the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction; the processing module 802 is further configured to, when the average transmission delay is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, The second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction is determined according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the average transmission delay.

Optionally, the average transmission delay is obtained by the third communication device counting the transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction reported by the first communication device within a preset time period; the receiving module 801 is used for receiving data from the third communication device. The average transmission delay is received.

Optionally, the receiving module 801 is further configured to obtain the predicted transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction, where the predicted transmission delay is associated with the time period and/or the location information; the processing module 802 is further configured to During the time period and/or the location information, the predicted transmission delay is determined as the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction.

Optionally, the predicted transmission delay is predicted and obtained by the fourth communication device according to the historical transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction reported by the first communication device and current state information, where the current state information includes current network parameters, user number, time period and location information; the receiving module 801 is specifically configured to receive the average transmission delay from the fourth communication device.

Optionally, the processing module 802 is specifically configured to calculate and obtain the first transmission delay according to the reception time and timestamp information, where the reception time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction. , the timestamp information is used to indicate the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; or, the first transmission delay is calculated according to the sending time and the timestamp information, and the sending time is used to indicate the first communication device to the application The time when the server sends the data packet in the first direction, and the timestamp information is used to indicate the sending time of the data packet in the first direction.

Optionally, the communication apparatus 800 further includes a storage module, which is coupled with the processing module, so that the processing module can execute the computer execution instructions stored in the storage module to implement the functions of the conference record processing apparatus in the above method embodiments. In an example, the optional storage module included in the communication apparatus 800 may be an in-chip storage unit, such as a register, a cache, etc., and the storage module may also be a storage unit located outside the chip, such as a ROM or a storage unit capable of storing static information and other types of static storage devices for instructions, RAM, etc.

It should be understood that the processes performed between the modules of the communication apparatus in the above-mentioned embodiment corresponding to FIG. 8 are similar to the processes performed by the communication apparatus in the corresponding method embodiments in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 , and details are not repeated here.

Please refer to FIG. 9 for details. In this embodiment of the present application, the communication device 900 includes: a receiving module 901 and a processing module 902, wherein the receiving module 901 and the processing module 902 are connected through a bus. The communication apparatus 900 may be used to perform part or all of the functions of the above-mentioned devices.

For example, the receiving module 901 is configured to receive data packets in the first direction, where the data packets in the first direction carry first information, and the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the first direction; receive data packets in the second direction data packets, the data packets in the second direction carry second information, and the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction; the processing module 902 is configured to determine the data packet according to the first information and the second information The data packets in the first direction are in one-to-one correspondence with the data packets in the second direction;

If the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward; or, if the first direction is downward, the second direction is upward.

Optionally, the processing module 902 is further configured to obtain the first transmission delay of the data packet in the first direction; and determine the second transmission of the data packet in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay time delay; the communication apparatus further includes a sending module 903 for sending the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, where the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay.

Optionally, the processing module 902 is specifically configured to, when the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, determine the delay in the second direction according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the first transmission delay. The second transmission delay of the data packet.

Optionally, the receiving module 901 is further configured to obtain the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction; the processing module 902 is further configured to, when the average transmission delay is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, The second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction is determined according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the average transmission delay.

Optionally, the average transmission delay is obtained by the third communication device counting the transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction reported by the first communication device within a preset time period; the receiving module 901 is used for receiving data from the third communication device. The average transmission delay is received.

Optionally, the receiving module 901 is further configured to obtain the predicted transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction, where the predicted transmission delay is associated with the time period and/or the location information; the processing module 902 is further configured to During the time period and/or the location information, the predicted transmission delay is determined as the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction.

Optionally, the predicted transmission delay is predicted and obtained by the fourth communication device according to the historical transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction reported by the first communication device and current state information, where the current state information includes current network parameters, user number, time period and location information; the receiving module 901 is specifically configured to receive the average transmission delay from the fourth communication device.

Optionally, the processing module 902 is specifically configured to calculate and obtain the first transmission delay according to the reception time and timestamp information, and the reception time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction. , the timestamp information is used to indicate the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; or, the first transmission delay is calculated according to the sending time and the timestamp information, and the sending time is used to indicate the first communication device to the application The time when the server sends the data packet in the first direction, and the timestamp information is used to indicate the sending time of the data packet in the first direction.

Optionally, the communication device 900 further includes a storage module, which is coupled with the processing module, so that the processing module can execute the computer execution instructions stored in the storage module to implement the functions of the conference record processing apparatus in the above method embodiments. In an example, the optional storage module included in the communication device 900 may be an in-chip storage unit, such as a register, a cache, etc., and the storage module may also be a storage unit located outside the chip, such as a ROM or a storage unit capable of storing static information and other types of static storage devices for instructions, RAM, etc.

It should be understood that the processes performed between the modules of the communication apparatus in the above-mentioned embodiment corresponding to FIG. 9 are similar to the processes performed by the communication apparatus in the corresponding method embodiments in the foregoing FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 , and details are not repeated here.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the system, device and unit described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. On the other hand, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, Read-Only Memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: The technical solutions described in the embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A data transmission method, comprising:

the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction;

obtaining, by the first communication device, the first transmission delay of the data packet in the first direction;

The first communication device determines the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay;

The first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, where the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay;

If the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward; or, if the first direction is downward, the second direction is upward.
The method according to claim 1, wherein a packet header of the data packet in the second direction includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the second transmission delay.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the data packet in the second direction further includes second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used to instruct the second communication device to skip using the quality of service flow Identifies the indicated packet delay budget information.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the data packets in the first direction include first information, and the first information is used to indicate the status of the data packets in the first direction. order;

The data packets in the second direction include second information, and the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction; the first information and the second information are used to determine the first information. The data packets in one direction and the data packets in the second direction are in a one-to-one correspondence.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first communication device determines the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay include:

When the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the first communication device determines, according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the first transmission delay, the data packet in the second direction. The second transmission delay.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method further comprises:

obtaining, by the first communication device, the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction;

When the average transmission delay is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, the first communication device determines, according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the average transmission delay, the first time of the data packet in the second direction. 2. Transmission delay.
The method according to claim 6, wherein the average transmission delay is obtained by the third communication device counting the transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction reported by the first communication device within a preset time period;

Obtaining, by the first communication device, the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction includes:

The first communication device receives the average transmission delay from a third communication device.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the acquiring, by the first communication device, the first transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction comprises:

The first communication device calculates and obtains the first transmission delay according to the reception time and the timestamp information, where the reception time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction, so The timestamp information is used to indicate the sending moment of the data packet in the first direction;

or,

The first communication device calculates and obtains the first transmission delay according to the sending time and the timestamp information, where the sending time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device sends the data packet in the first direction to the application server , where the timestamp information is used to indicate the sending moment of the data packet in the first direction.
A data transmission method, comprising:

The first communication device receives the data packets in the first direction, the data packets in the first direction carry first information, and the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the first direction;

receiving, by the first communication device, data packets in the second direction, where the data packets in the second direction carry second information, and the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction;

The first communication device determines, according to the first information and the second information, that the data packets in the first direction are in one-to-one correspondence with the data packets in the second direction;

If the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward; or, if the first direction is downward, the second direction is upward.
The method according to claim 9, wherein the method further comprises:

obtaining, by the first communication device, the first transmission delay of the data packet in the first direction;

determining, by the first communication device, a second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay;

The first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, where the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay.
The method according to claim 10, wherein the packet header of the data packet in the second direction includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the second transmission delay.
The method according to claim 11, wherein the data packet in the second direction further includes second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used to instruct the second communication device to skip using the quality of service flow Identifies the indicated packet delay budget information.
The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the first communication device determines the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay include:

When the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, the first communication device determines the data packets in the second direction according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the first transmission delay the second transmission delay.
The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the method further comprises:

obtaining, by the first communication device, the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction;

When the average transmission delay is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, the first communication device determines, according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the average transmission delay, the first time of the data packet in the second direction. 2. Transmission delay.
The method according to claim 14, wherein the average transmission delay is obtained by the third communication device counting the transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction reported by the first communication device within a preset time period;

Obtaining, by the first communication device, the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction includes:

The first communication device receives the average transmission delay from a third communication device.
The method according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the obtaining, by the first communication device, the first transmission delay of the data packet in the first direction comprises:

The first communication device calculates and obtains the first transmission delay according to the reception time and the timestamp information, where the reception time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction, so The timestamp information is used to indicate the sending moment of the data packet in the first direction;

or,

The first communication device calculates and obtains the first transmission delay according to the sending time and the timestamp information, where the sending time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device sends the data packet in the first direction to the application server , where the timestamp information is used to indicate the sending moment of the data packet in the first direction.
A communication device, characterized in that it includes:

a receiving module for receiving data packets in the first direction;

a processing module, configured to acquire the first transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction; determine the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay;

a sending module, configured to send the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, where the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay;

If the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward; or, if the first direction is downward, the second direction is upward.
The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein a packet header of the data packet in the second direction includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the second transmission delay.
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the data packet in the second direction further includes second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used to instruct the second communication device to skip using the quality of service flow Identifies the indicated packet delay budget information.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the data packets in the first direction include first information, and the first information is used to indicate the data packets of the first direction. order;

The data packets in the second direction include second information, and the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction; the first information and the second information are used to determine the first information. The data packets in one direction and the data packets in the second direction are in a one-to-one correspondence.
The device according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to, when the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold The difference between the delay and the first transmission delay determines the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction.
The device according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the receiving module is further configured to acquire the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction;

The processing module is further configured to determine the data packets in the second direction according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the average transmission delay when the average transmission delay is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold the second transmission delay.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to calculate and obtain the first transmission delay according to reception time and timestamp information, and the reception time is used for Indicate the time when the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction, and the timestamp information is used to indicate the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction;

or,

The first transmission delay is calculated and obtained according to the sending time and timestamp information, where the sending time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device sends the data packet in the first direction to the application server, and the timestamp information It is used to indicate the sending moment of the data packet in the first direction.
A communication device, characterized in that it includes:

a receiving module, configured to receive data packets in the first direction, where the data packets in the first direction carry first information, and the first information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the first direction; receive data packets in the second direction data packets, the data packets in the second direction carry second information, and the second information is used to indicate the sequence of the data packets in the second direction;

a processing module, configured to determine a one-to-one correspondence between the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction according to the first information and the second information;

If the first direction is upward, the second direction is downward; or, if the first direction is downward, the second direction is upward.
The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the processing module is further configured to acquire the first transmission delay of the data packet in the first direction; and determine according to the first transmission delay and the round-trip delay the second transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction;

The communication apparatus further includes a sending module configured to send the data packet in the second direction to the second communication device, where the data packet in the second direction carries the second transmission delay.
The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein a packet header of the data packet in the second direction includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the second transmission delay.
The apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the data packet in the second direction further includes second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used to instruct the second communication device to skip using the quality of service flow Identifies the indicated packet delay budget information.
The device according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to, when the first transmission delay is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold The difference between the delay and the first transmission delay determines the second transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the receiving module is further configured to acquire the average transmission delay of the data packets in the first direction;

The processing module is further configured to determine the data packets in the second direction according to the difference between the round-trip delay and the average transmission delay when the average transmission delay is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold the second transmission delay.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 25 to 29, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to calculate and obtain the first transmission delay according to reception time and timestamp information, and the reception time is used for Indicate the time when the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction, and the timestamp information is used to indicate the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction;

or,

The first transmission delay is calculated and obtained according to the sending time and timestamp information, where the sending time is used to indicate the moment when the first communication device sends the data packet in the first direction to the application server, and the timestamp information It is used to indicate the sending moment of the data packet in the first direction.
A computer storage medium storing computer instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 16 above.