WO2022067497A1 - Conception de faisceau de zone de projection égale pour une petite cellule à ondes millimétriques - Google Patents

Conception de faisceau de zone de projection égale pour une petite cellule à ondes millimétriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022067497A1
WO2022067497A1 PCT/CN2020/118803 CN2020118803W WO2022067497A1 WO 2022067497 A1 WO2022067497 A1 WO 2022067497A1 CN 2020118803 W CN2020118803 W CN 2020118803W WO 2022067497 A1 WO2022067497 A1 WO 2022067497A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beams
normal direction
threshold
signal
beam width
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PCT/CN2020/118803
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English (en)
Inventor
Li Tan
Chaofeng HUI
Meng Liu
Ying Wang
Bing LENG
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Qualcomm Incorporated
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Publication date
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/118803 priority Critical patent/WO2022067497A1/fr
Publication of WO2022067497A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022067497A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly, to a configuration for an equal projection area beam design for millimeter wave (mmW) small cells.
  • mmW millimeter wave
  • Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts.
  • Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single-carrier frequency division multiple access
  • TD-SCDMA time division synchronous code division multiple access
  • 5G New Radio is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things (IoT) ) , and other requirements.
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , massive machine type communications (mMTC) , and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) .
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine type communications
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low latency communications
  • Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the apparatus may be a device at a base station.
  • the device may be a processor and/or a modem at a base station or the base station itself.
  • the apparatus may generate signal for transmission through an antenna panel.
  • the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.
  • the following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network.
  • FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of DL channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of UL channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and user equipment (UE) in an access network.
  • UE user equipment
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating narrow beams of a small cell antenna panel.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a beam table.
  • FIGs. 6A-6B are diagrams illustrating beam coverage on a normal direction plane.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a beam coverage on a normal direction plane.
  • FIG. 8 is a call flow diagram of signaling between a UE and a base station.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example apparatus.
  • processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC) , baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure.
  • processors in the processing system may execute software.
  • Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
  • the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.
  • such computer-readable media can comprise a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
  • RAM random-access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable ROM
  • optical disk storage magnetic disk storage
  • magnetic disk storage other magnetic storage devices
  • combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network 100.
  • the wireless communications system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN) ) includes base stations 102, UEs 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and another core network 190 (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC) ) .
  • the base stations 102 may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) and/or small cells (low power cellular base station) .
  • the macrocells include base stations.
  • the small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.
  • the base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE may interface with the EPC 160 through first backhaul links 132 (e.g., S1 interface) .
  • the base stations 102 configured for 5G NR may interface with core network 190 through second backhaul links 184.
  • the base stations 102 may perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity) , inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) , subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM) , paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • RAN radio access network
  • MBMS multimedia broadcast multicast service
  • RIM RAN information management
  • the base stations 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or core network 190) with each other over third backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface) .
  • the first backhaul links 132, the second backhaul links 184, and the third backhaul links 134 may be wired or wireless.
  • the base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Each of the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110. There may be overlapping geographic coverage areas 110. For example, the small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or more macro base stations 102.
  • a network that includes both small cell and macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network.
  • a heterogeneous network may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs) , which may provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG) .
  • eNBs Home Evolved Node Bs
  • HeNBs Home Evolved Node Bs
  • CSG closed subscriber group
  • the communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and the UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and/or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a UE 104.
  • the communication links 120 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and/or transmit diversity.
  • the communication links may be through one or more carriers.
  • the base stations 102 /UEs 104 may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc.
  • the component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers.
  • a primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell) .
  • D2D communication link 158 may use the DL/UL WWAN spectrum.
  • the D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) .
  • sidelink channels such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) .
  • sidelink channels such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) .
  • D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBe
  • the wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154, e.g., in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum or the like.
  • AP Wi-Fi access point
  • STAs Wi-Fi stations
  • communication links 154 e.g., in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum or the like.
  • the STAs 152/AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.
  • CCA clear channel assessment
  • the small cell 102' may operate in a licensed and/or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell 102' may employ NR and use the same unlicensed frequency spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz, or the like) as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cell 102', employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and/or increase capacity of the access network.
  • the small cell 102' employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and/or increase capacity of the access network.
  • the electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, based on frequency/wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc.
  • frequency range designations FR1 410 MHz–7.125 GHz
  • FR2 24.25 GHz–52.6 GHz
  • the frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies.
  • FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles.
  • FR2 which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.
  • EHF extremely high frequency
  • ITU International Telecommunications Union
  • sub-6 GHz or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies.
  • millimeter wave or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, or may be within the EHF band.
  • a base station 102 may include and/or be referred to as an eNB, gNodeB (gNB) , or another type of base station.
  • Some base stations, such as gNB 180 may operate in a traditional sub 6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave frequencies, and/or near millimeter wave frequencies in communication with the UE 104.
  • the gNB 180 may be referred to as a millimeter wave base station.
  • the millimeter wave base station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to compensate for the path loss and short range.
  • the base station 180 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and/or antenna arrays to facilitate the beamforming.
  • the base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182'.
  • the UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receive directions 182".
  • the UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to the base station 180 in one or more transmit directions.
  • the base station 180 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions.
  • the base station 180/UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base station 180/UE 104.
  • the transmit and receive directions for the base station 180 may or may not be the same.
  • the transmit and receive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.
  • the EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • MBMS Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
  • BM-SC Broadcast Multicast Service Center
  • PDN Packet Data Network
  • the MME 162 may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174.
  • HSS Home Subscriber Server
  • the MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160.
  • the MME 162 provides bearer and connection management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 172.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions.
  • the PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176.
  • the IP Services 176 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services.
  • the BM-SC 170 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery.
  • the BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN) , and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.
  • MMSFN Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network
  • the core network 190 may include a Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195.
  • the AMF 192 may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196.
  • the AMF 192 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the core network 190.
  • the AMF 192 provides QoS flow and session management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the UPF 195.
  • the UPF 195 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions.
  • the UPF 195 is connected to the IP Services 197.
  • the IP Services 197 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a Packet Switch (PS) Streaming (PSS) Service, and/or other IP services.
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • PS Packet Switch
  • PSS Packe
  • the base station may include and/or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS) , an extended service set (ESS) , a transmit reception point (TRP) , or some other suitable terminology.
  • the base station 102 provides an access point to the EPC 160 or core network 190 for a UE 104.
  • Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player) , a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor/actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc. ) .
  • the UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.
  • the base station 180 may be configured to transmit a signal on multiple beams, where the multiple beams have a fixed coverage on a normal direction plane.
  • the base station 180 may comprise a signal component 198 configured to transmit a signal through one or more beams where each beam having a relative elevation and azimuth with respect to a normal direction from an antenna panel.
  • the base station 180 may generate a signal for transmission through an antenna panel.
  • the base station 180 may transmit the signal through the antenna panel.
  • the signal being transmitted through one or more beams of a plurality of beams.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij having a relative elevation and a relative azimuth with respect to a normal direction from the antenna panel.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij having a beam width ⁇ ij , where ⁇ ij is based on the relative elevation and the relative azimuth with respect to the normal direction.
  • FIG. 2A is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure.
  • FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe.
  • FIG. 2C is a diagram 250 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure.
  • FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G NR subframe.
  • the 5G NR frame structure may be frequency division duplexed (FDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL, or may be time division duplexed (TDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL.
  • FDD frequency division duplexed
  • TDD time division duplexed
  • the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL) , where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible for use between DL/UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 1 (with all UL) . While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 1, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols.
  • UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI) , or semi-statically/statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI) .
  • DCI DL control information
  • RRC radio resource control
  • SFI received slot format indicator
  • a frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms) .
  • Each subframe may include one or more time slots.
  • Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols.
  • Each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot configuration. For slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14 symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols.
  • the symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols.
  • the symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (also referred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission) .
  • the number of slots within a subframe is based on the slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0, different numerologies ⁇ 0 to 4 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots, respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, different numerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, per subframe. Accordingly, for slot configuration 0 and numerology ⁇ , there are 14 symbols/slot and 2 ⁇ slots/subframe.
  • the subcarrier spacing and symbol length/duration are a function of the numerology.
  • the subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2 ⁇ *15 kHz, where ⁇ is the numerology 0 to 4.
  • the symbol length/duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing.
  • the slot duration is 0.25 ms
  • the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz
  • the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 ⁇ s.
  • Each BWP may have a particular numerology.
  • a resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure.
  • Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs) ) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers.
  • RB resource block
  • PRBs physical RBs
  • the resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs) . The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.
  • the RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE.
  • DM-RS demodulation RS
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signals
  • the RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS) , beam refinement RS (BRRS) , and phase tracking RS (PT-RS) .
  • BRS beam measurement RS
  • BRRS beam refinement RS
  • PT-RS phase tracking RS
  • FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame.
  • the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs) , each CCE including six RE groups (REGs) , each REG including 12 consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol of an RB.
  • CCEs control channel elements
  • REGs RE groups
  • a PDCCH within one BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET) .
  • CORESET control resource set
  • a UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., common search space, UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring occasions on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at greater and/or lower frequencies across the channel bandwidth.
  • a primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 to determine subframe/symbol timing and a physical layer identity.
  • a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing.
  • the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) . Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DM-RS.
  • the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) which carries a master information block (MIB) , may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) /PBCH block (also referred to as SS block (SSB) ) .
  • the MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN) .
  • the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs) , and paging messages.
  • SIBs system information blocks
  • some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station.
  • the UE may transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
  • the PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH.
  • the PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used.
  • the UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS) .
  • the SRS may be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe.
  • the SRS may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRS on one of the combs.
  • the SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.
  • FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame.
  • the PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration.
  • the PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI) , such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ACK/NACK feedback.
  • UCI uplink control information
  • the PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR) , a power headroom report (PHR) , and/or UCI.
  • BSR buffer status report
  • PHR power headroom report
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 310 in communication with a UE 350 in an access network.
  • IP packets from the EPC 160 may be provided to a controller/processor 375.
  • the controller/processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
  • Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer
  • layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC medium access control
  • the controller/processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) , RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release) , inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression /decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) , and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs) , error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs) , re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs) , demultiplexing of MAC SDU
  • the transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions.
  • Layer 1 which includes a physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding/decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, modulation/demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing.
  • the TX processor 316 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) , quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) , M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK) , M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) ) .
  • BPSK binary phase-shift keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase-shift keying
  • M-PSK M-phase-shift keying
  • M-QAM M-quadrature amplitude modulation
  • the coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams.
  • Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and/or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • the OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams.
  • Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing.
  • the channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and/or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 350.
  • Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318 TX.
  • Each transmitter 318 TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
  • each receiver 354 RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 352.
  • Each receiver 354 RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 356.
  • the TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions.
  • the RX processor 356 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they may be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbol stream.
  • the RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) .
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal.
  • the symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 358.
  • the soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel.
  • the data and control signals are then provided to the controller/processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
  • the controller/processor 359 can be associated with a memory 360 that stores program codes and data.
  • the memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium.
  • the controller/processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160.
  • the controller/processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
  • the controller/processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression /decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) ; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
  • RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting
  • PDCP layer functionality associated with
  • Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used by the TX processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing.
  • the spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antenna 352 via separate transmitters 354TX. Each transmitter 354TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
  • the UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 350.
  • Each receiver 318RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 320.
  • Each receiver 318RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 370.
  • the controller/processor 375 can be associated with a memory 376 that stores program codes and data.
  • the memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium.
  • the controller/processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 350. IP packets from the controller/processor 375 may be provided to the EPC 160.
  • the controller/processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
  • At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller/processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with 198 of FIG. 1.
  • small cells are playing an increasing important role in wireless networks.
  • Network operators may deploy many small cells in an effort to enhance capacity on top of macrocell coverage.
  • Small cells may utilize mmW to provide more spectrum width and a reduced air interface latency.
  • Massive MIMO is a feature of 5G, and mmW may utilize massive MIMO in an extended way, e.g., a large number of antenna elements may produce vary narrow beams.
  • some narrow beams may have a 3dB width at 15 degrees, while some narrow beams may have a 3dB width that is less than 15 degrees.
  • the array panel 402 may have a plurality of beams 404.
  • the example 400 of FIG. 4 may depict how beams 404 may be generated on an mmW antenna panel 402.
  • the beams 404 may point to an external direction based on an elevation measurement and an azimuth measurement.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example 500 of a beam table.
  • the design of a beam table may be important for mmW small cells. Beam design may reflect how mmW small cells splits its coverage spatially.
  • the example 500 of FIG. 5 depicts a beam table where an mmW antenna may cover 120 degree elevation and a 120 degree azimuth.
  • the beam table may be spatially split into 128 beams, with each beam having an elevation beamwidth of 15 degrees and an azimuth beamwidth of 7.5 degrees.
  • the edge beams of these antenna panels may have a lower power and may cover a larger projection area than central beams, which may have a higher power than the edge beams, with respect to a normal direction. As such, unnecessary beam switches may occur if an end user is at a central area and decreases signal quality when the end user is at the edge area.
  • the beams 602, 602 have a beamwidth of 7.5 degrees and a total span of 120 degrees.
  • the edge beam 602 may have a projection coverage length of 2.5 times in comparison to a central beam 602 that is aligned with a normal direction, with respect to the antenna panel.
  • the coverage of the edge beam 602 at a projection plane 604 may be 0.295d, where d is the distance of the projection plane 604 from the antenna panel 606.
  • the central beam 602, that is aligned with the normal direction with respect to the antenna panel 606, may have coverage at the projection plane 604 of 0.118d.
  • the edge beam 602 and the central beam 602 do not have the same coverage at the projection plane 604. If the coverage of the beams at the projection plane 604 is considered in two dimensions, then the relationship between the central beam 602 and the edge beam 602 may be nearly a factor of 6.3.
  • Antenna direction may be a central factor in mmW technology, and in mmW small cell deployment scenarios, it is common for the normal direction of mmW antenna panels to provide the maximum coverage for end users.
  • a mmW small cell may be installed on a lamp pole to provide coverage to several buildings along the street within the coverage area of the small cell on the lamp pole.
  • the beam design may allow a base station to transmit a signal through one or more beams where each beam having a relative elevation and azimuth with respect to a normal direction from an antenna panel. As such, the beams may provide the same coverage with respect to the normal direction.
  • FIG. 6B provides an example 610 of an antenna panel 614 having multiple beams 612 providing coverage with respect to the normal direction.
  • the beams 612 may provide a fixed coverage on the normal projection plane 604 with respect to the antenna panel 614, as opposed to providing beams with a fixed elevation and azimuth beamwidth.
  • the beams 612 of the antenna panel 614 may be configured to provide a fixed coverage on the projection plane 604 that may be 0.2 times the distance d, where d is the distance between the antenna panel 614 and the projection plane 604.
  • the example 610 of FIG. 6B includes 5 beams that may occupy 45 degrees spatially.
  • the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects provided herein.
  • the antenna panel 614 may comprise more or less than 5 beams that may occupy more or less than 45 degrees.
  • the beams 612 may be configured to cover the same projection plane 604 by applying the design on both dimensions. From an elevation/azimuth view, the beam design may define wider beams at a central region 616, e.g., along the normal direction, and narrower beams at the outer edges, as shown for example in the example 700 of FIG. 7.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij having a relative elevation and a relative azimuth with respect to a normal direction from the antenna panel.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij having a beam width ⁇ ij , where ⁇ ij is based on the relative elevation and the relative azimuth with respect to the normal direction.
  • the angle of each beam may be determined by the inverse tangent of (0.2d –x) /d, where x is the angle below the beam, e.g., 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2, 0.
  • FIG. 8 is a call flow diagram 800 of signaling between a UE 802 and a base station 804.
  • the base station 804 may be configured to provide at least one cell.
  • the UE 802 may be configured to communicate with the base station 804.
  • the base station 804 may correspond to base station 102/180 and, accordingly, the cell may include a geographic coverage area 110 in which communication coverage is provided and/or small cell 102’ having a coverage area 110’.
  • a UE 802 may correspond to at least UE 104.
  • the base station 804 may correspond to base station 310 and the UE 802 may correspond to UE 350.
  • Optional aspects are illustrated with a dashed line.
  • the base station 804 may generate a signal for transmission.
  • the base station may generate the signal for transmission through an antenna panel.
  • the base station 804 may generate the signal for transmission to the UE 802.
  • the base station 804 may transmit the signal through the antenna panel.
  • the UE 802 may receive the signal from the base station 804.
  • the signal may be transmitted through one or more beams of a plurality of beams.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij may have a relative elevation and a relative azimuth with respect to a normal direction from the antenna panel.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij may have a beam width ⁇ ij , where ⁇ ij is based on the relative elevation and the relative azimuth with respect to the normal direction.
  • each beam b ij of the plurality of beams may have the beam width ⁇ ij such that each of the plurality of beams may have an approximately equal projection area on a surface of varying distances parallel to the antenna array and perpendicular to the normal direction.
  • the relative elevation and the relative azimuth with respect to the normal direction may correspond to direction angle ⁇ ij from the normal direction.
  • the beam width ⁇ ij for the beam b ij may be inversely related to the direction angle ⁇ ij from the normal direction.
  • the beam width ⁇ ij ⁇ 1 for beam b ij
  • the beam width ⁇ ij ⁇ 2 for beam b ij , wherein ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 .
  • the beam width ⁇ ij ⁇ 3 for beam b ij , wherein ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ 2 .
  • the beam width ⁇ ij ⁇ 4 for beam b ij , wherein ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ 3 .
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart 900 of a method of wireless communication.
  • the method may be performed by a base station or a component of a base station (e.g., the base station 102/180; the apparatus 1002; the baseband unit 1004, which may include the memory 376 and which may be the entire base station 310 or a component of the base station 310, such as the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and/or the controller/processor 375) .
  • One or more of the illustrated operations may be omitted, transposed, or contemporaneous.
  • Optional aspects are illustrated with a dashed line.
  • the method may allow a base station to transmit a signal on multiple beams, where the beams have a fixed coverage on a normal direction plane.
  • the base station may generate a signal for transmission.
  • 902 may be performed by generate component 1040 of apparatus 1002.
  • the base station may generate the signal for transmission through an antenna panel.
  • the base station may transmit the signal through the antenna panel.
  • 904 may be performed by signal component 1042 of apparatus 1002.
  • the signal may be transmitted through one or more beams of a plurality of beams.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij may have a relative elevation and a relative azimuth with respect to a normal direction from the antenna panel.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij may have a beam width ⁇ ij , where ⁇ ij is based on the relative elevation and the relative azimuth with respect to the normal direction.
  • each beam b ij of the plurality of beams may have the beam width ⁇ ij such that each of the plurality of beams may have an approximately equal projection area on a surface of varying distances parallel to the antenna array and perpendicular to the normal direction.
  • the relative elevation and the relative azimuth with respect to the normal direction may correspond to direction angle ⁇ ij from the normal direction.
  • the beam width ⁇ ij for the beam b ij may be inversely related to the direction angle ⁇ ij from the normal direction.
  • the beam width ⁇ ij ⁇ 1 for beam b ij
  • the beam width ⁇ ij ⁇ 2 for beam b ij , wherein ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 .
  • the beam width ⁇ ij ⁇ 3 for beam b ij , wherein ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ 2 .
  • the beam width ⁇ ij ⁇ 4 for beam b ij , wherein ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ 3 .
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram 1000 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1002.
  • the apparatus 1002 is a BS and includes a baseband unit 1004.
  • the baseband unit 1004 may communicate through a cellular RF transceiver 1022 with the UE 104.
  • the baseband unit 1004 may include a computer-readable medium/memory.
  • the baseband unit 1004 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium/memory.
  • the software when executed by the baseband unit 1004, causes the baseband unit 1004 to perform the various functions described supra.
  • the computer-readable medium /memory may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the baseband unit 1004 when executing software.
  • the baseband unit 1004 further includes a reception component 1030, a communication manager 1032, and a transmission component 1034.
  • the communication manager 1032 includes the one or more illustrated components.
  • the components within the communication manager 1032 may be stored in the computer-readable medium/memory and/or configured as hardware within the baseband unit 1004.
  • the baseband unit 1004 may be a component of the BS 310 and may include the memory 376 and/or at least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller/processor 375.
  • the communication manager 1032 includes a generate component 1040 that may generate a signal for transmission, e.g., as described in connection with 902 of FIG. 9.
  • the communication manager 1032 further includes a signal component 1042 that may transmit the signal through the antenna panel, e.g., as described in connection with 904 of FIG. 9.
  • the cellular RF transceiver 1022 receives input in the form of the signal for transmission from the signal component 1042 and is configured to transmit the signal via the antenna panel to the UE 104, e.g., as described in connection with 614 of FIG. 6, 700 of FIG. 7, or 904 of FIG. 9.
  • the apparatus may include additional components that perform each of the blocks of the algorithm in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 9. As such, each block in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 9 may be performed by a component and the apparatus may include one or more of those components.
  • the components may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes/algorithm, implemented by a processor configured to perform the stated processes/algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.
  • the apparatus 1002 includes means for generating signal for transmission through an antenna panel.
  • the apparatus includes means for transmitting the signal through the antenna panel.
  • the signal being transmitted through one or more beams of a plurality of beams.
  • Each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij having a relative elevation and a relative azimuth with respect to a normal direction from the antenna panel.
  • the aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1002 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
  • the apparatus 1002 may include the TX Processor 316, the RX Processor 370, and the controller/processor 375.
  • the aforementioned means may be the TX Processor 316, the RX Processor 370, and the controller/processor 375 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
  • Example 2 the method of Example 1 further includes that each beam b ij of the plurality of beams has the beam width ⁇ ij such that each of the plurality of beams has an approximately equal projection area on a surface of varying distances parallel to the antenna array and perpendicular to the normal direction.
  • Example 3 the method of Example 1 or 2 further includes that for each beam of the plurality of adjacent beams b ij , the relative elevation and the relative azimuth with respect to the normal direction corresponds to direction angle ⁇ ij from the normal direction, and the beam width ⁇ ij for the beam b ij is inversely related to the direction angle ⁇ ij from the normal direction.
  • Example 8 is a device including one or more processors, one or more antenna panels, and one or more memories in electronic communication with the one or more processors storing instructions executable by the one or more processors to cause the system or apparatus to implement a method as in any of Examples 1-7.
  • Example 9 is a system or apparatus including means for implementing a method or realizing an apparatus as in any of Examples 1-7.
  • Example 10 is a non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions executable by one or more processors to cause the one or more processors to implement a method as in any of Examples 1-7.
  • Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and/or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C.
  • combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à une configuration pour permettre à une station de base de transmettre un signal sur de multiples faisceaux, les multiples faisceaux ayant une couverture fixe sur une direction de plan normale. L'appareil génère un signal en vue d'une transmission par un panneau d'antennes. L'appareil transmet le signal par le panneau d'antennes. Le signal est transmis par un ou plusieurs faisceaux d'une pluralité de faisceaux. La pluralité de faisceaux comprend n*m faisceaux adjacents b ij pour i = 1, 2, …, n et j = 1, 2, …, m. Chaque faisceau de la pluralité de faisceaux adjacents b ij présente une élévation relative et un azimut relatif par rapport à une direction normale au panneau d'antennes. Chaque faisceau de la pluralité de faisceaux adjacents b ij présente une largeur de faisceau α ij, α ij étant basé sur l'élévation relative et l'azimut relatif par rapport à la direction normale.
PCT/CN2020/118803 2020-09-29 2020-09-29 Conception de faisceau de zone de projection égale pour une petite cellule à ondes millimétriques WO2022067497A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

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WO2013112971A1 (fr) * 2012-01-27 2013-08-01 Nterdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Gestion ou amélioration d'interférences entre cellules
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WO2013112971A1 (fr) * 2012-01-27 2013-08-01 Nterdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Gestion ou amélioration d'interférences entre cellules
CN105493547A (zh) * 2013-08-20 2016-04-13 株式会社Ntt都科摩 同步信号发送方法以及基站装置
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