WO2022065260A1 - Ophthalmic optical apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

When imaging and observing a posterior eye part of a target eye, this ophthalmic optical apparatus forms a position conjugate with a vertical scan unit at an anterior eye part of the target eye, and focuses a scan light flux from the vertical scan unit on the posterior eye part of the target eye. When imaging and observing the anterior eye part of the target eye, the ophthalmic optical apparatus enlarges an operation distance, i.e. a distance between the target eye and an objective lens, as compared to an operation distance when observing the posterior eye part, and focuses the scan light flux from the vertical scan unit on the anterior eye part of the target eye. The scan direction of the scan light flux from the vertical scan unit when observing the posterior eye part is identical to that of when observing the anterior eye part.

Description

Ophthalmic optics

This disclosure relates to ophthalmic optics.

According to U.S. Pat. No. 7,830,525, a lens attachment is arranged between an objective lens and an eye to be inspected in an optical interference tomography device that acquires a tomographic image of the posterior eye portion such as the fundus of the eye to be inspected. It is disclosed to acquire a tomographic image of the anterior segment of the eye. According to this optical interference tomography apparatus, by using a lens attachment, it is possible to acquire tomographic images of the posterior eye portion and the anterior eye portion of the eye to be inspected by one apparatus.

In the above-mentioned conventional optical interference tomography apparatus, since the lens attachment is arranged between the subject and the objective lens, it is necessary for the subject to move the subject for the attachment replacement work performed in front of the subject. It was a burden to the subject and it took time for the examination.

The ophthalmic optical apparatus according to the first aspect of the technique of the present disclosure comprises a scanning member that scans the eye to be inspected with a light beam from a light source, a light guide optical system that guides the light beam from the light source to the scanning member, and a scanning member. An objective optical system that guides the scanning light beam to the eye to be inspected is provided, and in the posterior eye imaging state in which the posterior eye portion of the eye to be inspected is photographed, a position conjugate with the scanning member is formed in the anterior eye portion of the eye to be inspected. In the anterior segment imaging state in which the scanning light beam from the scanning member is focused on the posterior eye portion of the eye to be inspected and the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected is photographed, the eye to be inspected and the objective optical system The working distance, which is a distance, becomes larger than the working distance in the posterior eye imaging state, the scanning light beam from the scanning member is focused on the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected, and the scanning direction of the scanning light beam by the scanning member is changed. It is the same in the posterior segment imaging state and the anterior segment imaging state.

It is a schematic block diagram of the ophthalmologic optical apparatus of this embodiment. It is an optical path diagram which shows the schematic structure of the photographing optical system at the time of observing the posterior eye part of this embodiment. It is an optical path diagram which shows the schematic structure of the photographing optical system at the time of observing the anterior eye part of this embodiment. It is a schematic optical path diagram which shows the state of the optical system centering on an objective lens at the time of observing the posterior eye part. It is a schematic optical path diagram which shows the state of the optical system centering on an objective lens at the time of observing the anterior segment of the eye. It is a schematic optical path diagram which shows the state of the optical system centering on an objective lens at the time of observing the inside of an eyeball. It is explanatory drawing of the ray angle calculation at the scanner position existing in the pupil conjugate position at the time of the front eye part observation. It is explanatory drawing of the ray angle calculation at the scanner position existing in the pupil conjugate position at the time of the inside observation of an eyeball. It is a schematic optical path diagram showing the state of the fixative target projection system and the optical system centering on the objective lens at the time of observing the rear eye portion. It is a schematic optical path diagram showing the state of the fixative target projection system and the optical system centering on the objective lens at the time of observing the anterior segment of the eye. It is a flowchart which showed the processing example in the ophthalmologic optical apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is an optical path diagram which looked at the structure of the optical system which concerns the alignment of an ophthalmologic optical apparatus from the side at the time of observing the posterior eye part. It is an optical path diagram which looked at the structure of the optical system which concerns the alignment of an ophthalmologic optical apparatus from above at the time of observing the posterior eye part. It is an optical path diagram which looked at the structure of the optical system which concerns the alignment of an ophthalmologic optical apparatus from the side at the time of observing the anterior segment of the eye. It is an optical path diagram which looked at the structure of the optical system which concerns the alignment of an ophthalmologic optical apparatus from above at the time of observing the anterior segment of the eye. It is an optical path diagram which looked at the other structure of the optical system which concerns the alignment of an ophthalmologic optical apparatus from the side at the time of observation of the posterior eye part. It is an optical path diagram which looked at the structure of the optical system which concerns the alignment of an ophthalmologic optical apparatus from the side at the time of observing the anterior segment of the eye.

Hereinafter, the ophthalmologic optical device 110 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an ophthalmic optical device 110.

For convenience of explanation, the scanning laser ophthalmoscope is referred to as "SLO". Further, the optical coherence tomography is referred to as "OCT".

When the ophthalmic optical device 110 is installed on a horizontal plane, the horizontal direction is "X direction", the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is "Y direction", and the optical axis direction of the photographing optical system 116A is "Z direction". The device is arranged with respect to the eye to be inspected so that the center of the pupil of the inspected eye is located on the optical axis in the Z direction. The X, Y, and Z directions are perpendicular to each other.

The ophthalmic optical device 110 includes a photographing device 14 and a control device 16. The imaging device 14 includes an SLO unit 18 that acquires an image of the fundus 12A of the eye to be inspected 12, and an OCT unit 20 that acquires a tomographic image of the eye to be inspected 12. Hereinafter, the fundus image generated based on the SLO data acquired by the SLO unit 18 is referred to as an SLO image. Further, a tomographic image generated based on the OCT data acquired by the OCT unit 20 is referred to as an OCT image. The SLO image may be referred to as a two-dimensional fundus image. Further, the OCT image may be referred to as a fundus tomographic image or an anterior ocular segment tomographic image depending on the imaging site of the eye to be inspected 12.

The control device 16 includes a computer having a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 16A, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 16B, a ROM (Read-Only memory) 16C, and an input / output (I / O) port 16D. ing.

The control device 16 includes an input / display device 16E connected to the CPU 16A via the I / O port 16D. The input / display device 16E has a graphic user interface for displaying an image of the eye to be inspected 12 and receiving various instructions from the user. The input / display device 16E can use a touch panel display.

Further, the control device 16 includes an image processing device 17 connected to the I / O port 16D. The image processing device 17 generates an image of the eye to be inspected 12 based on the data obtained by the photographing device 14.

As described above, in FIG. 1, the control device 16 of the ophthalmologic optical device 110 includes an input / display device 16E, but the technique of the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the control device 16 of the ophthalmologic optical device 110 may not include the input / display device 16E, but may include an input / display device that is physically independent of the ophthalmologic optical device 110. In this case, the display device includes an image processing processor unit that operates under the control of the CPU 16A of the control device 16. The image processing processor unit may display an SLO image or the like based on the image signal output instructed by the CPU 16A.

The photographing device 14 operates under the control of the control device 16. The imaging device 14 includes an SLO unit 18, an imaging optical system 116A, and an OCT unit 20. The photographing optical system 116A is moved in the X, Y, and Z directions by the photographing optical system driving unit 116M under the control of the CPU 16A. The alignment (alignment) between the photographing device 14 and the eye 12 to be inspected is, for example, not only the photographing device 14, but also the entire ophthalmologic optical device 110, or a part of the optical elements in the photographing optical system 116A, X, Y. , May be done by moving in the Z direction.

The SLO system is realized by the control device 16, the SLO unit 18, and the photographing optical system 116A shown in FIG.

The SLO unit 18 includes a plurality of light sources. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the SLO unit 18 includes a B light (blue light) light source 40, a G light (green light) light source 42, an R light (red light) light source 44, and an IR light (infrared light). (For example, near-infrared light)). The light emitted from each of the light sources 40, 42, 44, 46 is directed to the same optical path via the respective optical members 48, 50, 52, 54, 56. The optical members 48 and 56 are mirrors, and the optical members 50, 52 and 54 are beam splitters. The B light is guided to the optical path of the photographing optical system 116A via the optical members 48, 50, and 54. The G light is guided to the optical path of the photographing optical system 116A via the optical members 50 and 54. The R light is guided to the optical path of the photographing optical system 116A via the optical members 52 and 54. The IR light is guided to the optical path of the photographing optical system 116A via the optical members 56 and 52. As the light sources 40, 42, 44, 46, an LED light source or a laser light source can be used. An example using a laser light source will be described below. A total reflection mirror can be used as the optical members 48 and 56. Further, as the optical members 50, 52, 54, a dichroic mirror, a half mirror, or the like can be used.

The SLO unit 18 is configured to be able to switch between various light emission modes such as a light emission mode that emits G light, R light, B light, and IR light individually, and a light emission mode that emits all of them at the same time or several at the same time. .. The example shown in FIG. 1 includes four light sources: a light source 40 for B light (blue light), a light source 42 for G light, a light source 44 for R light, and a light source 46 for IR light. Not limited to. For example, the SLO unit 18 may further include a light source of white light. In this case, in addition to the above-mentioned various light emission modes, a light emission mode or the like that emits only white light may be set.

The laser beam incident on the photographing optical system 116A from the SLO unit 18 is scanned in the X direction and the Y direction by the scanning unit (120, 142) described later. The scanning light is applied to the posterior eye portion (for example, the fundus 12A) of the eye to be inspected 12 via the pupil 27. The reflected light reflected by the fundus 12A is incident on the SLO unit 18 via the photographing optical system 116A. The scanning unit (120, 142, 168) is an example of the “scanning member” of the technique of the present disclosure, together with the relay lens device 140 described later.

The reflected light reflected by the fundus 12A is detected by the photodetection elements 70, 72, 74, 76 provided in the SLO unit 18. In the present embodiment, the SLO unit 18 corresponds to a plurality of light sources, that is, a B light source 40, a G light source 42, an R light source 44, and an IR light source 46, and the SLO unit 18 includes a B light detection element 70, a G light detection element 72, and R light. It includes a detection element 74 and an IR light detection element 76. The B photodetection element 70 detects the B light reflected by the beam splitter 64. The G photodetection element 72 passes through the beam splitter 64 and detects the G light reflected by the beam splitter 58. The R photodetection element 74 passes through the beam splitters 64 and 58 and detects the R light reflected by the beam splitter 60. The IR photodetection element 76 passes through the beam splitters 64, 58, and 60 and detects the IR light reflected by the beam splitter 62. Examples of the photodetectors 70, 72, 74, and 76 include an APD (avalanche photodiode).

Under the control of the CPU 16A, the image processing apparatus 17 uses signals detected by each of the B photodetection element 70, the G photodetection element 72, the R photodetection element 74, and the IR photodetection element 76 for each color. Generate the corresponding SLO image. The SLO images corresponding to each color include a B-SLO image generated by using the signal detected by the B photodetection element 70 and a G-SLO image generated by using the signal detected by the G photodetection element 72. , An R-SLO image generated using the signal detected by the R photodetection element 74, and an IR-SLO image generated using the signal detected by the IR photodetection element 76. Further, in the case of the light emission mode in which the B light source 40, the G light source 42, and the R light source 44 emit light at the same time, the respective signals detected by the R light detection element 74, the G light detection element 72, and the B light detection element 70 are used. An RGB-SLO image may be combined from the generated B-SLO image, G-SLO image, and R-SLO image. Further, in the case of the light emission mode in which the G light source 42 and the R light source 44 emit light at the same time, the G-SLO image and the R-SLO generated by using the respective signals detected by the R photodetection element 74 and the G light detection element 72 are used. An RG-SLO image may be combined from the image. In the present embodiment, the RG-SLO image is used as the SLO image, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other SLO images can be used.

As the beam splitters 58, 60, 62, 64, a dichroic mirror, a half mirror, or the like can be used.

The OCT system is a three-dimensional image acquisition device realized by the control device 16, the OCT unit 20, and the photographing optical system 116A shown in FIG. The OCT unit 20 includes a light source 20A, a sensor (detection element) 20B, a first optical coupler 20C, a reference optical system 20D, a collimator lens 20E, and a second optical coupler 20F.

The light source 20A generates light for optical interference tomography. As the light source 20A, for example, a super luminescent diode (SLD) can be used. The light source 20A generates low coherence light of a wideband light source having a wide spectral width. The light emitted from the light source 20A is divided by the first optical coupler 20C. One of the divided lights is converted into parallel light by the collimator lens 20E as measurement light, and then incident on the photographing optical system 116A. The measurement light is scanned in the X direction and the Y direction by the scanning unit (148, 168) described later. The scanning light is applied to the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected and the posterior segment of the eye via the pupil 27. The measurement light reflected by the anterior eye portion or the posterior eye portion is incident on the OCT unit 20 via the photographing optical system 116A, and is incident on the OCT unit 20 via the collimeter lens 20E and the first optical coupler 20C to the second optical coupler 20F. Incident to. In this embodiment, SD-OCT using SLD as the light source 20A is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and SS-OCT using a wavelength sweep light source may be adopted instead of SLD.

The other light emitted from the light source 20A and branched by the first optical coupler 20C is incident on the reference optical system 20D as reference light, and is incident on the second optical coupler 20F via the reference optical system 20D. do.

The measurement light (return light) reflected and scattered by the eye 12 to be inspected and the reference light are combined by the second optical coupler 20F to generate interference light. The interference light is detected by the sensor 20B. The image processing device 17 generates a tomographic image of the eye to be inspected 12 based on the detection signal (OCT data) from the sensor 20B.

In this embodiment, the OCT system produces a tomographic image of the anterior or posterior eye of the eye 12 to be inspected.

The anterior segment of the eye 12 to be inspected is a portion including, for example, a cornea, an iris, an angle, a crystalline lens, a ciliary body, and a part of a vitreous body as an anterior segment. The posterior segment of the eye 12 to be inspected is a segment of the posterior eye that includes, for example, the rest of the vitreous, the retina, the choroid, and the sclera. The vitreous body belonging to the anterior segment of the eye is a portion of the vitreous body on the corneal side with the XY plane passing through the point closest to the center O of the crystalline lens as a boundary, and the vitreous body belonging to the posterior eye region is. , The part of the vitreous body other than the vitreous body that belongs to the anterior segment of the eye.

The OCT system generates, for example, a tomographic image of the cornea when the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected 12 is the imaging target site. Further, when the posterior eye portion of the eye to be inspected 12 is the imaging target site, the OCT system generates, for example, a tomographic image of the retina.

The ophthalmic optical device 110 includes a fixative target control device 90 that lights a fixative target composed of a light emitting device (for example, an LED) that is lit so as to direct the line of sight of the eye to be inspected 12 in a predetermined direction.

FIG. 2A shows the schematic configuration of each photographing optical system 116A at the time of observing the posterior eye portion, and FIG. 2B shows the schematic configuration at the time of observing the anterior eye portion. The photographing optical system 116A includes an objective lens 130 arranged in order from the side of the eye to be inspected 12, a dichroic mirror 178 which is an optical path synthesis member, a horizontal scanning unit 142, a relay lens device 140, a dichroic mirror 147, a vertical scanning unit 120, 168, and the like. The focus adjusting device 150 is provided. The objective lens 130 is an example of the "objective optical system" of the technique of the present disclosure, and the focus adjusting device 150 is a part of the "light guide optical system" of the technique of the present disclosure.

The dichroic mirror 178 is an optical member that synthesizes the light emitted from the SLO optical system, the light emitted from the OCT optical system, and the light of the fixative target emitted from the fixative target projection system 138. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the dichroic mirror 178 transmits the light emitted from the SLO optical system and the light emitted from the OCT optical system, and is emitted from the fixation target projection system 138. The objective lens reflects the light of the fixation target and emits the light emitted from the SLO optical system, the light emitted from the OCT optical system, and the light of the fixation target emitted from the fixation target projection system 138. Lead to 130.

The fixative target projection system 138 has a fixative target 138A and a condensing lens 138B that supplies light from the fixative target 138A toward the fundus of the eye 12 to be inspected, and the fixative target 138A and the condensing lens 138B. By integrally moving along the optical axis 138C of the fixative projection system 138, it corresponds to the time of observing the posterior eye and the time of observing the anterior eye. The fixative target projection system 138 is an example of the "fixation guide optical system" of the technique of the present disclosure.

The horizontal scanning unit 142 is an optical scanner that horizontally scans each of the SLO laser light incident through the relay lens device 140 and the OCT measurement light.

The focus adjusting device 150 to which the measurement light emitted from the end portion 158 of the fiber to which the light emitted from the OCT unit 20 travels is incident includes a plurality of lenses 152 and 154. The focus position of the measured light in the eye 12 to be inspected is adjusted by appropriately moving each of the plurality of lenses 152 and 154 in the optical axis direction according to the imaged portion in the eye 12 to be inspected. For example, in FIG. 2A, the lens 152, 154 is set so that the fundus, which is the posterior eye portion of the eye subject 12, and the cornea, which is the anterior eye portion of the eye subject 12 in FIG. 2B, are at the focus positions of the OCT measurement light. , Move in the direction of the optical axis as appropriate. Although not shown, when a focus detection device is provided, the focus adjustment device drives the lenses 152 and 154 according to the focus detection state to automatically perform focusing, so that the autofocus device is provided. It is possible to realize.

The vertical scanning unit 168 is an optical scanner that vertically scans the OCT measurement light incident through the focus adjusting device 150.

The vertical scanning unit 120 is an optical scanner that vertically scans the laser beam incident from the SLO unit 18.

The relay lens device 140 includes lenses 144 and 146 having a plurality of positive powers. With the plurality of lenses 144 and 146, the position of the vertical scanning unit 168 and the position of the horizontal scanning unit 142 are conjugated, and the position of the vertical scanning unit 120 and the position of the horizontal scanning unit 142 are conjugated. The relay lens device 140 is configured. More specifically, the relay lens device 140 is configured so that the center positions of the angular scans of both scanning portions are conjugated. As shown in FIG. 2A, in the rear eye observation state, the focusing position of the measurement light emitted from the end portion 158 of the fiber by the focus adjusting device 150 is set by the two positive lens groups in the relay lens device 140. It is formed between a lens 146 and a lens 144. Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, in the front eye observation state, the luminous flux of the measurement light emitted from the end portion 158 of the fiber by the focus adjusting device 150 is generated by the two positive lens groups in the relay lens device 140. A substantially parallel luminous flux is formed between a certain lens 146 and the lens 144.

The dichroic mirror 147 is arranged between the lens 144 and the lens 146 of the relay lens device 140. The dichroic mirror 147 reflects the SLO light emitted from the SLO unit 18 toward the horizontal scanning unit 142 via the lens 144. The light emitted from the SLO unit 18 is two-dimensionally scanned by the vertical scanning unit 120 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 constituting the SLO optical system. The two-dimensionally scanned SLO laser beam is incident on the eye 12 to be inspected through the objective lens 130. The SLO laser light reflected by the eye 12 passes through the objective lens 130, the dichroic mirror 178, the horizontal scanning unit 142, the lens 144 which is a positive lens group in the relay lens device 140, the dichroic mirror 147, and the vertical scanning unit 120. Then, it is incident on the SLO unit 18.

The measurement light emitted from the OCT unit 20 is two-dimensionally scanned by the focus adjusting device 150 and the vertical scanning unit 168, passes through the dichroic mirror 147, and is orthogonal to the scanning direction of the vertical scanning unit 168 by the horizontal scanning unit 142. Two-dimensional scanning is performed in the direction, and as a result, two-dimensional scanning is performed. Further, the OCT measurement light reflected by the eye 12 to be inspected passes through the objective lens 130, the dichroic mirror 178, the horizontal scanning unit 142, the relay lens device 140, the dichroic mirror 147, the vertical scanning unit 168, and the focus adjusting device 150. , Is incident on the OCT unit 20.

As the horizontal scanning unit 142 and the vertical scanning unit 120 and 168, for example, a resonant scanner, a galvano mirror, a polygon mirror, a rotating mirror, a dowel prism, a double dowel prism, a rotation prism, a MEMS mirror scanner, an acoustic optical element (AOM) and the like are suitable. Used for. In this embodiment, a galvano mirror is used as the vertical scanning unit 168, and a polygon mirror is used as the vertical scanning unit 120. When a two-dimensional optical scanner such as a MEMS mirror scanner is used instead of an optical scanner such as a polygon mirror or a galvano mirror, the incident light can be two-dimensionally angle-scanned by the reflecting element. Therefore, the relay lens device 140 may be eliminated. Further, if the vertical scanning units 120 and 168 are configured to be able to scan in the horizontal direction, the horizontal scanning unit 142 may be omitted.

The vertical scanning unit 120, 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 have the scanning angles of the scanning light beam by the vertical scanning unit 120, 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142, which are set according to the scanning range in the eye 12 under the control of the CPU 16A. The eye 12 to be inspected is scanned by the scanning light beam in the range. The CPU 16A is an example of the "scanning member control unit" of the technique of the present disclosure.

The objective lens 130 includes a first lens group 132 and a second lens group 134 in order from the horizontal scanning unit 142 side. The second lens group 134 has a function of outputting scanning light having an ultra-wide angle toward the pupil of the eye 12 to be inspected. The first lens group 132 and the second lens group 134 are positive lens groups having positive power as a whole. The first lens group 132 is an example of the "first positive lens group" of the technique of the present disclosure, and the second lens group 134 is an example of the "second positive lens group" of the technique of the present disclosure.

The luminous flux from the fixative projection system 138 passes through the objective lens 130 via the reflection by the dichroic mirror 178 and becomes a parallel luminous flux toward the eye to be inspected 12. As a result, the eye 12 to be inspected can stare at the image of the fixative eye, and by changing the position of the fixative eye, the direction of the eye to be inspected 12 can be changed, and the posterior eye portion and the anterior eye of the eye to be inspected 12 can be changed. It is possible to shoot the required area of the part. In the present embodiment, as will be described later, the working distance WD, which is the distance between the objective lens 130 and the eye to be inspected 12, changes between the time of observing the posterior eye and the time of observing the anterior eye. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the working distance WD is changed by changing the distance between the fixative projection system 138 and the dichroic mirror 178.

The objective optical system may be composed of not only the objective lens 130 as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B but also an optical system including a reflecting mirror such as a concave elliptical mirror.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the state of the photographing optical system 116A centered on each objective lens 130 at the time of observing the posterior eye portion, observing the anterior eye portion, and observing the inside of the eyeball is observed. explain. 3A is a schematic optical path diagram showing the state of the optical system centered on the objective lens 130 at the time of observing the posterior eye portion, FIG. 3B at the time of observing the anterior eye portion, and FIG. 3C at the time of observing the inside of the eyeball. In the present embodiment, the distance between the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected is adjusted according to the image conjugate position changed by the upstream optical system provided with the focus adjusting device 150. This upstream optical system corresponds to a light guide optical system that guides a light flux from a light source to a scanning unit.

When observing the posterior eye portion shown in FIG. 3A, the parallel luminous fluxes at three angles of the parallel luminous flux supplied from the scanning surface represented by the horizontal scanning portion 142 are two positive lens groups (first lens group 132 and first lens group 132). The state of the light beam focused on the fundus 12A of the eye 12 to be inspected 12 through the two lens groups 134) is shown. The luminous fluxes at these three angles are shown as an example of the scanning luminous flux of only one of the vertical scanning by the vertical scanning units 120 and 168 and the two-dimensional scanning by the horizontal scanning unit 142. The circular arrows in the figure indicate the direction of the angular scanning of the scanning light by the scanning unit and the direction of the angular scanning on the side to be inspected. The same applies to FIGS. 3B and 3C below.

When observing the posterior eye portion, the vertical scanning unit 120 and 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are arranged at the pupil coupling position 180 shown in FIG. 3A so as to be coupled to the pupil position Pp of the eye 12 to be inspected, and the vertical scanning unit The pupil conjugate position 200 on which the conjugate image of 120, 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 is formed coincides with the pupil position Pp of the eye to be inspected. Further, a fundus image of the eye 12 to be inspected is formed at a position 210 between the first lens group 132 and the second lens group 134. That is, the surface 182 in contact with the fundus of the eye 12 to be inspected and the surface at the position 210 are geometrically conjugated. In the state shown in FIG. 3A, the working distance WD is substantially equal to the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the pupil conjugate position 200.

When observing the posterior eye portion, the SLO laser light scanned by the vertical scanning unit 120 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 in the SLO optical system of the eye to be inspected is centered on the pupil position Pp of the eye to be inspected 12 via the objective lens 130. The angle is scanned two-dimensionally. As a result, the focusing point of the SLO laser beam is two-dimensionally scanned in the fundus 12A. Similarly, when observing the posterior eye portion, the measurement light scanned by the vertical scanning unit 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 passes through the objective lens 130 and is centered on the pupil position Pp of the eye to be inspected 12 in the OCT optical system. Two-dimensional angle scanning is performed. As a result, the focusing point of the measurement light is two-dimensionally scanned in the fundus 12A. When observing the posterior eye portion, the SLO unit 18 acquires a two-dimensional image of the fundus, and the OCT unit 20 acquires a tomographic image of the fundus.

At the time of observing the anterior eye portion shown in FIG. 3B, the luminous flux of the same three angles supplied from the horizontal scanning portion 142 is emitted by the two positive lens groups (first lens group 132 and second lens group 134) to the eye 12 to be inspected. The light beam focused on the cornea is shown.

When observing the anterior eye, the vertical scanning unit 120, 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are coupled to the pupil position Pp of the eye 12 to be examined, as in the case of observing the posterior eye. Arranged at position 180. However, the pupil conjugate position 202 on which the conjugate images of the vertical scanning unit 120 and 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are formed does not coincide with the pupil position Pp of the eye to be inspected, and is formed between the eye to be inspected and the second lens group 134. To. Further, an image conjugate position 212 is formed between the first lens group 132 and the pupil conjugate position 180 to form an image of the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected 12, and the image conjugate position 184 is formed on a surface in contact with the front end of the eye to be inspected 12. Is formed. In the state shown in FIG. 3B, the working distance WD is larger than the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the pupil conjugate position 202. As described above, the pupil conjugate position 180 is a conjugate position with the scanning portions 120, 142 and 168, and coincides with the pupil Pp of the eye 12 to be inspected when observing the posterior eye portion, but is shown in FIG. 3B when observing the anterior eye portion. As you can see, it does not match the pupil Pp of the eye 12 to be inspected. In order to make it easier to understand the comparison with the optical configuration when observing the fundus, the conjugate position with the scanning unit may be referred to as the pupil conjugate position thereafter.

When observing the anterior segment of the eye, the SLO laser light scanned by the vertical scanning unit 120 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 in the SLO optical system of the eye to be inspected is two-dimensionally centered on the pupil conjugate position 202 via the objective lens 130. The angle is scanned. As a result, the focusing point of the SLO laser beam is two-dimensionally scanned in the anterior segment of the eye. Similarly, when observing the anterior segment of the eye, the measurement light scanned by the vertical scanning unit 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 is two-dimensionally centered on the pupil conjugate position 202 via the objective lens 130 in the OCT optical system. The focusing point of the OCT measurement light is scanned two-dimensionally in the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected 12.

When observing the inside of the eyeball shown in FIG. 3C, the light rays of the same three angles supplied from the horizontal scanning unit 142 are generated by the objective lens 130 having two positive lens groups (first lens group 132 and second lens group 134). As an example, a light beam focused on the crystalline lens 12L of the eye 12 to be inspected is shown.

When observing the inside of the eyeball, the vertical scanning unit 120, 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are coupled to the pupil position Pp of the eye 12 to be examined, as in the case of observing the posterior eye portion. Arranged at 180. However, the pupil conjugate position 204 on which the conjugate images of the vertical scanning unit 120 and 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are formed does not coincide with the pupil position Pp of the eye to be inspected, and is formed between the eye to be inspected and the second lens group 134. To. Further, the image conjugate position 214 is formed between the first lens group 132 and the second lens group 134, and the image conjugate position 186 is formed on the surface of the eye 12 in contact with the rear end portion of the crystalline lens 12L. In the state shown in FIG. 3C, the working distance WD is larger than the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the pupil conjugate position 204, but not as much as in the case of FIG. 3B. That is, it is a value between the operating distance WD in the rear eye observation state shown in FIG. 3A and the operating distance WD in the anterior eye observation state shown in FIG. 3B. In the present embodiment, the working distance WD can be continuously changed from the state shown in FIG. 3A to the state shown in FIG. 3C to the state shown in FIG. 3B.

When observing the inside of the eyeball, the SLO laser light scanned by the vertical scanning unit 120 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 in the SLO optical system of the subject is two-dimensionally centered on the pupil conjugate position 204 via the objective lens 130. The angle is scanned. As a result, the focusing point of the SLO laser beam is two-dimensionally scanned inside the eyeball of the eye to be inspected. When observing the inside of the eyeball, similarly in the OCT optical system, the measurement light scanned by the vertical scanning unit 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 is two-dimensionally centered on the pupil conjugate position 204 via the objective lens 130. The angle is scanned, and the condensing point of the measurement light scans the inside of the eyeball of the subject. This makes it possible to observe at an arbitrary position inside the eyeball between the fundus of the eye to be inspected and the cornea.

As shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, respectively, the vertical scanning unit 120 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are angularly scanned in the direction of the arrow 190. By such angular scanning, the optical path of the luminous flux passing through the objective lens 130 changes in the direction of arrow 192, passes through the pupil conjugate positions 200, 202, and 204, and scans the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected 12 in the direction of arrow 194. .. In the present embodiment, the scanning directions of the vertical scanning unit 120 and 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are the same at the time of observing the posterior eye portion, observing the anterior eye portion, and observing the inside of the eyeball, and the eye to be inspected 12 The SLO laser light and the OCT measurement light scan in the same direction. As a result, in the image processing, the image inversion processing is not required for the time of observing the posterior eye portion, the time of observing the anterior eye portion, or the time of observing the inside of the eyeball. Therefore, in all observations of the anterior eye portion, the intermediate portion, and the posterior application portion of the eye to be inspected, the scanning direction does not change, and the positional relationship between the observer and the image obtained as a result of scanning does not change, which is practical. There is no confusion and operability is improved.

The focus switching method of the focus adjusting device 150 from the time of observing the posterior eye to the time of observing the anterior eye is as follows.

(1) The optical system of the focus adjusting device 150 is configured to be interchangeable with an optical system corresponding to the observation of the posterior eye portion and an optical system corresponding to the observation of the anterior eye portion.
(2) The focus adjusting device 150 normally has an optical system corresponding to the observation of the posterior eye portion, and by adding an optical system that can be inserted and removed during the observation of the anterior eye portion, the focus adjustment device 150 corresponds to the observation of the anterior eye portion. Alternatively, the focus adjusting device 150 normally has an optical system corresponding to the observation of the anterior eye portion, and by adding an optical system that can be inserted and removed during the observation of the posterior eye portion, the focus adjusting device 150 corresponds to the observation of the posterior eye portion.
(3) The focus adjusting device 150 is configured so that the distance between the optical system of the focus adjusting device 150 and the vertical scanning unit 168 can be changed.
(4) The optical system of the focus adjusting device 150 is configured so that the focal length of the optical system of the focus adjusting device 150 can be changed. For example, the optical system of the focus adjusting device 150 is composed of a zoom lens, a liquid lens, or the like.

FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram of light ray angle calculation at the positions (scanner position) of the vertical scanning unit 120 and 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 existing at the pupil conjugate position 180 when observing the anterior eye portion. In FIG. 4A, θ _A is the ray angle at the scanner position, θ _A'is the ray angle after emission from the objective lens 130, WD _P is the working distance during the posterior eye scan, and WD _A is the anterior. It is the working distance at the time of eye scan.

Further, assuming that the angular magnification of the objective lens 130 at the time of scanning the anterior segment of the eye is _MA , the relationship of the following equation (1) holds. Each of the working distances WD _A , WD _P , and MA is a numerical value peculiar to the photographing optical system 116 _{A.
MA = θ A'/ θ A … (} 1)

Assuming that the length desired to be scanned on the anterior segment of the eye is _LA , the following equation (2) holds. _As will be described later, LA presents an image of the anterior eye portion acquired in advance to the subject, and determines based on the scanning range instructed by the subject on the screen.
LA / 2 = (WD _A -WD _P ) _{tanθ A '} … (2)

From the equations (1) and (2), the ray angle θ _A at the scanner position is calculated by the following equation (3). In the present embodiment, the angle scanning by OCT is performed based on the calculated ray angle θ _A.
θ _A = arctan {LA / 2 * (WD _{A -} WD _P )} / _MA … (3)

FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram for calculating the ray angle at the scanner position existing at the pupil conjugate position 180 when observing the inside of the eyeball. In FIG. 4B, θ _M is the light ray angle at the scanner position, θ _M'is the light ray angle after emission from the objective lens 130, WD _P is the working distance during rear eye scan, and _GA is the subject. It is a refraction system in which the anterior segment of the _optometry 12 is regarded as a single thin-walled lens, and WDM is the operating distance at the time of scanning the inside of the eyeball, specifically, the distance from the objective lens 130 to the refraction system _GA . Then, the focal length of the refraction system G _A is f _A , and the refractive index on the posterior eye side from the refraction system G _A is n _A '.

Since FIG. 4B scans the inside of the eyeball, the portion actually scanned is the position of WD _M + s from the objective lens 130.

Further, assuming that the angular magnification of the objective lens 130 at the time of scanning the inside of the eyeball is _MM , the following equation (4) holds.
M _M = θ _M '/ θ _M … (4)

Assuming that the length desired to be scanned inside the eyeball is _LM , the following equation (5) holds.
_LM / 2 = s * tanθ _M '× (1-s / S')… (5)
However, S'= n _A '/ {1 / (WD _M -WD _P ) + 1 / f _A }.

From the equations (4) and (5), the ray angle θ _M at the scanner position is calculated by the following equation (6).
θ _M = arctan [ _LM / {2 * s * (1-s / S')}] / M _M … (6)
(S'= n _A '/ {1 / (WD _M -WD _P ) + 1 / f _A })

Next, with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, the state of the photographing optical system 116A centering on the fixative target projection system 138 and the objective lens 130 at the time of observing the rear eye portion and the time of observing the anterior eye portion will be described. do. FIG. 5A shows the state of the fixation target projection system 138 and the state of the optical system centered on the objective lens 130 in each state when observing the posterior eye portion and FIG. 5B shows the state of the optical system when observing the anterior eye portion. In FIGS. 5A and 5B, the developed optical path diagram centered on the objective lens 130 is used for explanation. The fixative 138A of the fixative projection system 138 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is arranged on the left end surface 220 of the figure, and the condenser lens 138B of the fixative projection system 138 is also shown as a positive lens 224, 226. There is. The surface 220 on which the fixative is placed corresponds to the focal position of the positive lens 224, and the light beam from the fixative is a substantially parallel light flux, which is supplied as a parallel light flux to the eye to be inspected by the objective lens 130. Then, it is incident on the eye to be inspected and is focused on the fundus of the eye to be inspected. The vertical broken line in the figure is shown with reference to the above-mentioned pupil conjugate position.

When observing the posterior eye portion shown in FIG. 5A, the fixative projection system 138 is arranged on the surface 220 corresponding to the conjugate position with the fundus. Then, an image of the fixative target 138A is formed at the fundus conjugate position 228 between the first lens group 132 and the second lens group 134, and a surface of the eye 12 in contact with the fundus is formed as the conjugate position 236. The fixative is recognized by the optometry 12.

In the fixative projection system, the fixative is placed at the position shown as the surface 220, and the light from the fixative is supplied to the subject 12 along the optical path shown in FIG. 5A, but the scan is exceptional. I don't need a part. However, what is shown in the figure shows the luminous flux from three points, a point on the axis on the fixative and two points off the axis, and a point light source such as an LED is placed at these three points independently. By switching and turning on the light, it is possible to change the direction of the eye 12 to be inspected. With this configuration, it is possible to observe the peripheral portion of the eye to be inspected 12, and as a result, it is possible to observe a wider range of the eye to be inspected.

Even when observing the anterior eye portion shown in FIG. 5B, the fixative target 138A of the fixative target projection system 138 is arranged at the illustrated image conjugate position 222, and the luminous flux from the positive lens 226 is almost the same as when observing the posterior eye portion. It is a parallel luminous flux. As can be seen from the comparison with the configuration shown in FIG. 5A, the surface 220 on which the fixative is arranged and the positive lens 224 are in a state of being integrally moved to the objective lens 130 side. Therefore, the conjugate position in the vicinity of the positive lens 226 shown by the vertical broken line with respect to the objective lens 130 becomes conjugate at the position 234 farther than the position 232 in FIG. In 5B), the working distance is larger than that in the rear eye observation state (FIG. 5A).

When observing the anterior segment of the eye, the luminous flux emitted from the fixation target projection system 138 enters the first lens group 132 via the positive lens 226 at the pupil conjugate position, passes through the image conjugate position 230, and passes through the second lens group 134. Emit from. Then, it is incident on the eye to be inspected 12 through the position 234 which is a conjugated position formed between the second lens group 134 and the eye to be inspected 12. Further, the surface of the eye 12 in contact with the fundus is formed as the conjugated position 238, and the fixative is recognized by the eye 12.

As described above, when observing the anterior eye portion, the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected is larger than that when observing the posterior eye portion. The distance between the fixation target projection system 138 and the objective lens 130 is changed. In the present embodiment, when observing the anterior eye portion, the optical distance between the fixation target projection system 138 and the first lens group 132 of the objective lens 130 is shortened as compared with the case of observing the posterior eye portion. Corresponds to the increase in the distance between the second lens group 134 of 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing example in the ophthalmic optical device 110 according to the present embodiment. The process shown in FIG. 6 is started, for example, when the OCT unit 20 of the ophthalmologic optical device 110 takes an image of the eye 12 to be inspected.

In step 600, it is determined whether or not an instruction for observing the anterior segment of the eye has been given. In step 600, if the instruction for observing the anterior segment of the eye is given, the procedure shifts to step 602, and if the instruction for observing the anterior segment of the eye is not given, the procedure shifts to step 620.

In step 602, the distance between the objective optical system (objective lens 130) and the eye to be inspected 12 in observing the anterior eye portion is secured. Specifically, when the distance between the objective optical system and the eye to be inspected is the working distance WD _P corresponding to the observation of the posterior eye, the objective optical system is set to the working distance WD _A corresponding to the observation of the anterior eye. WD _A -WD _P , which is the difference between the working distance WD _A when observing the anterior eye and the working distance WD _P when observing the posterior eye.

The method of adjusting the distance between the objective optical system and the eye 12 to be inspected is, for example, as follows.
(1) The photographing optical system 116A is moved to secure the working distance WD _A.
(2) The entire ophthalmologic optical device 110 is moved to secure the working distance WD _A.
(3) The chin rest that holds the subject's jaw or the headrest that holds the subject's head is moved to secure the working distance WD _A.

The movement of the photographing optical system 116A, the entire ophthalmologic optical device 110, the chin rest and the head rest may be driven by a motor or may be manually moved. Alternatively, each of the chin rest and the head rest may be prepared in advance with a thickness corresponding to the observation of the posterior eye portion and a thickness corresponding to the observation of the anterior eye portion, and may be replaced depending on the situation. A method of moving the objective optical system by a motor is preferable.

In step 604, the fixative projection system 138 is set at a position corresponding to the anterior eye scan. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5B, when observing the anterior eye portion, the optical distance between the fixation target projection system 138 and the first lens group 132 of the objective lens 130 is higher than that when observing the posterior eye portion. By reducing the size of the lens 130, the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected 12 is increased.

In step 606, the focus adjustment device 150 switches the focus of the OCT scan to the position of the anterior eye portion. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3B, the image conjugate position 184 is formed on the surface in contact with the front end portion of the eye 12 to be inspected.

In step 608, the scanning angle is set. Specifically, the image of the anterior eye portion acquired in advance is displayed on a screen that can be confirmed by the subject, and the subject is instructed to scan the range. Then, based on the range instructed by the subject and the scan pattern (for example, 3D scan or linear scan), the length _LA to be scanned on the anterior eye portion is calculated. Further, the ray angle θ _A at the scanner position is automatically calculated by the length _LA and the above equation (3), and is set as the scanning angle.

In step 610, the OCT scan is started according to the set scanning angle. Then, in step 612, the focus positions are measured at arbitrary points of the anterior eye portion, and the shape of the cornea is calculated.

In step 614, an OCT scan is performed in the designated scan pattern and scan range while adjusting the focus according to the shape of the cornea.

In step 616, it is determined whether or not to end the OCT scan. In step 616, when it is determined that the OCT scan is terminated when the entire scan range specified by the set scan pattern is scanned, but the doctor determines that it is not necessary to scan the entire specified scan range. Also determines that the OCT scan is finished. If it is determined in step 616 to end the OCT scan, the procedure proceeds to step 618, and if it is not determined to end the OCT scan, the procedure proceeds to step 610.

In step 618, image processing for the anterior eye portion is performed, the result is displayed, and the processing is completed. Specifically, noise reduction processing or the like is performed from the image data obtained by the OCT scan to generate the OCT image data of the anterior eye portion.

If there is no instruction to observe the anterior eye in step 600 described above, the distance between the objective optical system and the eye 12 to be inspected in the observation of the posterior eye is secured in step 620. Specifically, the distance between the objective optical system and the eye to be inspected is set to the working distance WD _P corresponding to the observation of the posterior eye portion.

The method for adjusting the distance between the objective optical system and the eye 12 to be inspected is as follows, as in the case of observing the anterior segment of the eye.
(1) The photographing optical system 116A is moved to secure the working distance WD _P.
(2) The entire ophthalmologic optical device 110 is moved to secure the working distance WD _P.
(3) The chin rest that holds the subject's jaw or the headrest that holds the subject's head is moved to secure the working distance WD _P.

The movement of the photographing optical system 116A, the entire ophthalmologic optical device 110, the chin rest and the head rest may be driven by a motor or may be manually moved. Alternatively, each of the chin rest and the head rest may be prepared in advance with a thickness corresponding to the observation of the posterior eye portion and a thickness corresponding to the observation of the anterior eye portion, and may be replaced depending on the situation. Preferably, it is a method of moving the objective optical system by a motor as in the case of observing the anterior eye portion.

In step 622, the fixative projection system 138 is set at a position corresponding to the posterior eye scan. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5A, when observing the posterior eye, the optical distance between the fixation target projection system 138 and the first lens group 132 of the objective lens 130 is compared with that when observing the anterior eye. Corresponds to the reduction of the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected by enlarging.

In step 624, the focus of the OCT scan is switched to the position of the back eye by the focus adjusting device 150. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the image conjugate position is formed on the surface 182 in contact with the rear end portion of the eye 12 to be inspected.

In step 626, a scan pattern and a scan range are set. Specifically, the image of the posterior eye portion acquired in advance is displayed on a screen that can be confirmed by the subject, and the subject is instructed to scan the range.

In step 628, the OCT scan is started. Then, in step 630, the focus positions are measured at arbitrary points of the back eye portion, and the shape of the retina is calculated.

In step 632, an OCT scan is performed in the designated scan pattern and scan range while adjusting the focus according to the shape of the retina. As described above, in the present embodiment, the scanning directions of the vertical scanning unit 120 and 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are the same at the time of observing the posterior eye portion, observing the anterior eye portion, and observing the inside of the eyeball. In addition, the direction in which the SLO laser beam and the OCT measurement light scan the eye 12 to be inspected is the same. As a result, in the image processing, the image inversion processing is not required for the time of observing the posterior eye portion, the time of observing the anterior eye portion, or the time of observing the inside of the eyeball.

In step 634, it is determined whether or not to end the OCT scan. In step 616, when it is determined that the OCT scan is terminated when the entire scan range specified by the set scan pattern is scanned, but the doctor determines that it is not necessary to scan the entire specified scan range. Also determines that the OCT scan is finished. If it is determined in step 634 that the OCT scan is to be completed, the procedure is shifted to step 636, and if it is not determined to end the OCT scan, the procedure is shifted to step 628.

In step 636, image processing for the back eye portion is performed, the result is displayed, and the processing is completed. Specifically, noise reduction processing or the like is performed from the image data obtained by the OCT scan to generate the OCT image data of the posterior eye portion.

Subsequently, the adjustment, that is, the alignment, of the positional relationship between the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected in the ophthalmologic optical device 110 according to the present embodiment will be described. The ophthalmologic optical device 110 relates to the relationship between the horizontal and vertical positions of the eye to be inspected with respect to the optical axis of the eye to be inspected 12 and the objective lens 130 of the ophthalmologic optical device, and the objective lens 130 for accurate alignment of the observation site. It is necessary to adjust the distance, that is, the focus.

FIG. 7A is an optical path diagram of the configuration of the optical system related to the alignment of the ophthalmic optical device 110 when observing the posterior eye portion, and FIG. 7B shows the alignment of the ophthalmic optical apparatus 110 when observing the posterior eye portion. It is an optical path diagram which looked at the structure of the optical system from above, and shows the state which the viewpoint was moved upward by 90 ° from FIG. 7A. The illustrated light rays are only the main light rays of the off-axis luminous flux for alignment.

As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the light from the eye 12 to be inspected reaches the dichroic mirror 178 via the second lens group 132 and the first lens group 134 of the objective lens 130. The light that reaches the dichroic mirror 178 is reflected by the dichroic mirror 178 and is covered by the condenser lenses 242A and 242B of the pair of eye position detection optical systems 240A and 240B arranged symmetrically with the optical axis 196 in between. It is incident on the image sensors 244A and 244B of the eye inspection position detection optical systems 240A and 240B, respectively. The image sensors 244A and 244B can form images of the eye to be inspected 12 and detect the position of the eye to be inspected 12 from the image positions thereof.

The configuration for detecting the position of the eye to be inspected through the objective lens 130 as in the present embodiment can be said to be a through-the-lens (TTL: Through the Rems) alignment system. Such a configuration in which the position of the eye to be inspected is detected through the objective lens 130 is effective when the working distance becomes extremely small when a wide-angle objective lens for obtaining a wide-angle fundus image is used. It is extremely useful in a so-called UWF fundus observation device having an ultra-wide angle of more than 130 degrees with an operating distance of about 20 mm. In such a TTL alignment system, the second lens group 134 on the side to be inspected outputs scanning light at a wide angle toward the pupil of the eye to be inspected 12, so that the eye to be inspected 12 is as shown in the optical path diagram shown in FIG. 7B. The angle of the main light beam with respect to the anterior segment of the eye is increased, and it is possible to improve the position detection accuracy of alignment. It goes without saying that this configuration is more advantageous than a UWF objective lens.

In the present embodiment, under the control of the CPU 16A, the distance between the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected in the optical axis 196 direction can be calculated from the images acquired by the pair of left and right image sensors 244A and 244B.

FIG. 8A is an optical path diagram of the configuration of the optical system related to the alignment of the ophthalmic optical device 110 when observing the anterior eye portion, and FIG. 8B shows the alignment of the ophthalmic optical device 110 when observing the anterior eye portion. It is an optical path diagram which looked at the structure of the optical system from above, and shows the state which the viewpoint was moved upward by 90 ° from FIG. 8A. The illustrated light rays are only the main light rays of the off-axis luminous flux for alignment.

As described above, when observing the anterior eye portion, the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected is longer than when observing the posterior eye portion. The distance between the eye position detection optical systems 240A and 240B to be inspected and the objective lens 130 is changed. In the present embodiment, when observing the anterior eye portion, the optical distance between the eye position detection optical systems 240A and 240B to be inspected and the first lens group 132 of the objective lens 130 is shortened as compared with the case of observing the posterior eye portion. Corresponds to the increase in the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected.

FIG. 9 is an optical path diagram of another configuration of the optical system related to the alignment of the ophthalmologic optical device 110 when observing the posterior eye portion as viewed from the side. In FIG. 9, each of the eye position detection optical systems 250A and 250B to be inspected is arranged between the objective lens 130 and the eye to be inspected 12. As shown in FIG. 9, the light from the eye to be inspected 12 does not pass through the objective lens 130, but is a condensing lens of a pair of optical systems for detecting the position of the eye to be inspected 250A and 250B arranged symmetrically with the optical axis 196 in between. It is incident on the image sensors 254A and 254B of the eye position detection optical systems 250A and 250B to be inspected via 252A and 252B, respectively. The image sensors 254A and 254B can form images of the eye to be inspected 12 and detect the position of the eye to be inspected 12 from the image positions thereof. Each of the eye position detection optical systems 240A, 240B, 250A, and 250B is an example of the "eye position detection device" of the technique of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is an optical path diagram of the configuration of the optical system related to the alignment of the ophthalmologic optical device 110 when observing the anterior eye portion as viewed from the side. As described above, when observing the anterior eye portion, the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected is longer than when observing the posterior eye portion. The angle of the optical system 250A and 250B for detecting the position of the eye to be inspected with respect to the optical axis 196 is changed to receive the light from the eye to be inspected 12.

In the present embodiment, when observing the anterior eye portion, the angle with respect to the optical axis 196 is changed by moving each of the eye position detection optical systems 250A and 250B to be inspected in the directions indicated by the arrows 260 as compared with the case of observing the posterior eye portion. Corresponds to the increase in the distance between the second lens group 134 of the objective lens 130 and the eye 12 to be inspected.

Regarding the alignment system of the eye to be inspected shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B, 8A, 8B, 9 and 10, respectively, the light source for illuminating the eye to be inspected 12 is provided at the tip of the objective lens 130. For example, it is possible to arrange a light source such as an LED at a position symmetrical with respect to the optical axis 196 of the objective lens 130, or to provide a ring-shaped light source at the tip of the objective lens 130. However, in the ophthalmologic optical device 110 of the present embodiment, since the fundus can be observed without mydriasis, it is possible to suffice only with the illumination in the room where the device is installed.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the objective lens 130 and the eye to be inspected 12 are changed by changing the working distance WD between the objective lens 130 and the eye to be inspected 12 between the observation of the posterior eye portion and the observation of the anterior eye portion. It is not necessary to place a separate lens attachment between and. In the present embodiment, the luminous flux of the measurement light of the OCT is adjusted by the focus adjusting device 150 in response to the change of the working distance WD, and the fixative target projection system 138 and the eye position detection optical system 240A, 240B, 250A, Change the optical position in each of the 250Bs. Further, even if the light beams of the SLO laser light and the measurement light of the OCT are adjusted by the focus adjusting device 150 in response to the change of the working distance WD, the scanning directions of the vertical scanning unit 120 and 168 and the horizontal scanning unit 142 are the same. Yes, and the direction in which the SLO laser light and the OCT measurement light scan the eye 12 to be inspected is the same. As a result, in the image processing, the image inversion processing is not required for the time of observing the posterior eye portion, the time of observing the anterior eye portion, or the time of observing the inside of the eyeball.

The configuration of the device in the present embodiment described above is only an example. Therefore, it goes without saying that unnecessary configurations may be deleted or new configurations may be added within a range that does not deviate from the purpose.

Claims (24)

1. A scanning member that scans the eye to be inspected with the luminous flux from the light source,
   A light guide optical system that guides the luminous flux from the light source to the scanning member,
   An objective optical system that guides the scanning luminous flux from the scanning member to the eye to be inspected,
   Equipped with
   In the posterior eye imaging state in which the posterior eye portion of the eye to be inspected is photographed, a position conjugate with the scanning member is formed in the anterior eye portion of the eye to be inspected, and the scanning light beam from the scanning member is after the eye to be inspected. In the anterior segment imaging state in which the light is focused on the eye and the anterior segment of the subject to be imaged is photographed, the operating distance, which is the distance between the subject to be inspected and the objective optical system, is larger than the operating distance in the posterior eye imaging state. As the size increases, the scanning light beam from the scanning member is focused on the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected.
   An ophthalmologic optical device in which the scanning direction of the scanning light flux by the scanning member is the same in the posterior eye imaging state and the anterior eye imaging state.
2. The ophthalmology according to claim 1, wherein the light guide optical system includes an optical element that changes the condensing position of the scanning light beam with respect to the eye to be inspected in response to a change in the working distance between the objective optical system and the eye to be inspected. Optical device.
3. The ophthalmology according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the working distance can be continuously changed from a state equal to the distance from the objective optical system to the position where the conjugate image of the scanning member is formed to a larger value. Optical device.
4. The ophthalmologic optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the working distance is changed by moving at least the objective optical system of the ophthalmologic optical device with respect to the eye to be inspected.
5. The scanning angle of the scanning light beam by the scanning member is set according to the scanning range of the eye to be inspected, and the scanning member is controlled so that the scanning light beam scans the eye to be inspected within the range of the set scanning angle. The ophthalmologic optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a scanning member control unit.
6. The ophthalmologic optical device according to claim 5, wherein the scanning angle is set based on the working distance, the angular magnification of the objective optical system, and the scanning range in the anterior eye portion of the eye to be inspected.
7. The ophthalmologic optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the objective optical system has a first positive lens group on the side of the scanning member and a second positive lens group on the side of the eye to be inspected. Device.
8. In the posterior eye imaging state, an image of the fundus of the eye to be inspected is formed between the first positive lens group and the second positive lens group, and the scanning member is conjugated with the anterior eye portion of the inspected eye. The ophthalmic optical device according to claim 7, which is arranged.
9. In the anterior segment imaging state, an image of the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected is formed between the first positive lens group and the scanning member, and the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected is formed between the second positive lens group and the inspected eye. The ophthalmologic optical device according to claim 7, wherein a position conjugate with the scanning member is formed.
10. The scanning member is
    A pair of reflectors for scanning the scanning luminous flux in directions orthogonal to each other with respect to the eye to be inspected.
    A group of relay lenses that form the pair of reflectors conjugate with each other,
    Have,
    Any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the light guide optical system has a focus switching optical system configured so that the condensing position of the light beam from the light source can be changed between the relay lens group and the light source. Or the ophthalmic optical device according to item 1.
11. The ophthalmologic optical device according to claim 10, wherein in the rear eye portion photographing state, the light collecting position of the light source is formed in the relay lens group by the focus switching optical system.
12. The ophthalmologic optical device according to claim 10, wherein in the anterior eye portion photographing state, the luminous flux from the light source becomes a substantially parallel luminous flux in the relay lens group by the focus switching optical system.
13. The ophthalmologic optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which has an eye subject position setting unit for switching the relative distance between the eye to be inspected and the objective optical system.
14. The eye position setting unit can move the objective optical system and the scanning member integrally along the optical axis of the objective optical system in a state where the light beam from the light source can be incident on the objective optical system. The ophthalmic optical device according to claim 13.
15. The ophthalmologic optical device according to claim 13, wherein the eye to be inspected position setting unit has a variable position of the eye to be inspected along the optical axis of the objective optical system.
16. The ophthalmologic optical device according to claim 15, wherein the eye-tested position setting unit moves a mandible holding member that holds the mandible of the subject along the optical axis.
17. It has a sensor that receives light from the eye to be inspected, and has a pair of optical systems for detecting the position of the eye to be inspected that are arranged at a predetermined angle with respect to the optical axis of the objective optical system, based on optical information from the sensor. The ophthalmic optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, further comprising a device for detecting the position of the eye to be inspected for detecting the positional relationship between the objective optical system and the eye to be inspected.
18. The ophthalmic optical device according to claim 17, wherein the eye position detecting device to be inspected is a pair of optical systems for detecting the position to be inspected, which are arranged between the objective optical system and the eye to be inspected.
19. The ophthalmic optical device according to claim 18, wherein the eye position detecting device to be inspected has a tilt angle variable device for switching an angle of the eye position detecting optical system to be inspected with respect to an optical axis according to a change in the working distance.
20. The ophthalmic optical device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the objective optical system has at least one concave reflection member.
21. The ophthalmologic optical device according to claim 20, wherein the concave reflecting member is a concave elliptical mirror.
22. Claims 1 to 21 further include a fixative optical system configured to be able to switch the fixative to be projected onto the eye to be inspected for fixation of the eye to be inspected according to a change in the working distance. The ophthalmic optical device according to any one of the following items.
23. The fixative optical system has the fixative and a condenser lens that supplies light from the fixative to the fundus of the eye to be inspected, and the fixative and the condenser lens are integrated. 22. The ophthalmologic optical device according to claim 22, which moves along the optical axis of the fixative optical system.
24. 22 or claim that an image of the fixative is formed between the first positive lens and the second positive lens of the objective optical system in the posterior eye imaging state and the anterior eye imaging state. Item 23. The ophthalmic optical device according to Item 23.

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