WO2022062051A1 - 一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉 - Google Patents

一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022062051A1
WO2022062051A1 PCT/CN2020/124580 CN2020124580W WO2022062051A1 WO 2022062051 A1 WO2022062051 A1 WO 2022062051A1 CN 2020124580 W CN2020124580 W CN 2020124580W WO 2022062051 A1 WO2022062051 A1 WO 2022062051A1
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Prior art keywords
nail body
nail
core
sleeve
body sleeve
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PCT/CN2020/124580
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张利
邵卫星
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山东冠龙医疗用品有限公司
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Publication of WO2022062051A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022062051A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an expandable anti-regression type pedicle screw.
  • the present invention provides an inflatable anti-regression pedicle screw.
  • an expandable anti-regression pedicle screw comprising a screw core, a screw cover and a screw head
  • the front part of the screw cover is provided with
  • the front part of the nail core is provided with an outer clamping structure
  • the nail core is inserted into the nail body sleeve
  • the inner clamping structure is matched with the outer clamping structure.
  • the rear part of the body sleeve is fixed on the nail body core
  • the nail body head is fixed on the front part of the nail body sleeve
  • the nail body head is provided with a connecting structure
  • the nail body sleeve is provided with a plurality of expansion cuts.
  • the front part of the nail body core is provided with an outer engaging structure corresponding to the inner engaging structure at the front end of the nail body sleeve.
  • the torque on the nail body core is transmitted to the front part of the nail body sleeve, and the deformation of the nail body sleeve can be avoided during the screwing process. It is used to connect with special tools by connecting the structure on the head of the nail body.
  • the inner engaging structure is an inner hexagonal
  • the outer engaging structure is an outer hexagonal
  • connection structure is an internal thread.
  • the inner thread can be detachably connected with a special installation tool, and the inner thread can be detachably connected with the pull rod, so as to facilitate the use.
  • the tie rod also includes a tie rod, the front part of the tie rod is provided with an external thread, and the rear part of the tie rod is provided with a blocking platform.
  • the rear part forms a block with the nail body core through the blocking table.
  • the expansion incision is located near the front end of the nail body sleeve, and a plurality of expansion incisions are arranged around the nail body sleeve at intervals.
  • the expansion incision is a straight incision structure, and the expansion incision is parallel to the axial direction of the nail body sleeve. It is easy to spread the nail sleeve to expand it.
  • the expansion incision is an oblique incision structure, and the expansion incision is inclined to the axial direction of the nail body sleeve.
  • the expansion cut By setting the expansion cut to be inclined, it is the same as the screw-in direction, and is basically in the same direction as the torque during screw-in, so it is not easy to deform.
  • the rear part of the nail body sleeve is welded and fixed to the nail body core
  • the front part of the nail body sleeve is welded and fixed to the nail body head
  • the nail body sleeve is provided with an external thread. The connection between them is made tighter, and the external thread is provided for easy screwing into the vertebral body.
  • the nail core includes a core rod and a nail seat, and the outer diameter of the core rod is adapted to the inner diameter of the nail sleeve.
  • the shape of the head of the nail is vertebral.
  • the utility model has the following advantages:
  • This solution provides an inflatable anti-regression pedicle screw.
  • the front part of the core of the screw is provided with an outer engaging structure corresponding to the inner engaging structure at the front end of the screw sleeve.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of specific embodiments 1-3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 when expanded.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Nail body core 1. Nail body sleeve, 3. Nail body head, 4. Pull rod, 11, Core body stem, 12, External clamping structure, 13, Nail seat, 21, Expansion cutout, 22 , Internal snap-fit structure, 31. Connection structure.
  • the present invention provides an inflatable anti-regression pedicle screw, which mainly includes a screw core 1, a screw cover 2 and a screw head 3.
  • the front of the screw cover 2 An inner engaging structure 22 is provided at the front of the nail core 1, an outer engaging structure 12 is provided at the front of the nail core 1, the nail core 1 is inserted into the nail body sleeve 2, and the inner engaging structure 22 is in phase with the outer engaging structure 12.
  • the rear part of the nail body sleeve 2 is fixed on the nail body core 1
  • the nail body head 3 is fixed on the front part of the nail body sleeve 2
  • the nail body head 3 is provided with a connecting structure 31, and the connecting structure 31 is an internal thread
  • the nail body sleeve 2 is provided with a plurality of expansion notches 21.
  • the inner engaging structure 22 is an inner hexagonal
  • the outer engaging structure 12 is an outer hexagonal, which is easy to fit. Matching with the inner hexagon at the front end of the screw body sleeve 2, when the whole pedicle screw is screwed into the vertebral body with a special tool, the torque on the nail body core 1 can be transmitted to the front part of the screw body sleeve 2. The deformation of the nail body sleeve 2 can be avoided during the screwing process.
  • the rear part of the nail body sleeve 2 is welded and fixed with the nail body core 1
  • the front part of the nail body sleeve 2 is welded and fixed with the nail body head 3
  • the nail body is provided with external threads to make the connection between them more secure.
  • a nail seat 13 is also provided at the rear of the nail body core 1.
  • the front part of the nail seat 13 is the core body rod portion 11.
  • the outer diameter of the core body rod portion 11 is adapted to the inner diameter of the nail body sleeve 2, and the The cover 2 has a certain supporting function.
  • the external shape of the screw head 3 is in the shape of a cone as a whole.
  • a special tool When in use, a special tool is used to pass through the nail body core 1 and connect with the inner thread of the nail body head 3. The outer tube of the special tool is pressed against the nail seat 13.
  • the nail body sleeve 2 When the nail body sleeve 2 is subjected to the nail body core 1 and the nail body head. 3.
  • the nail body sleeve 2 When pressing toward each other, due to the existence of the expansion slit 21, the nail body sleeve 2 will be stretched outward at this part to form an expanded state. That is, after installation, the part of the pedicle screw that enters the vertebral body can be expanded and thickened, and stuck on the cortical bone of the pedicle, thereby realizing the function of preventing withdrawal.
  • this specific embodiment is further improved on the basis of the specific embodiment 1.
  • the front part of the tie rod 4 is provided with an external thread, and the rear part of the tie rod 4 is provided with a blocking table.
  • the front part of the tie rod 4 passes through the nail body core 1 and is threadedly connected with the nail body head 3, and the rear part of the tie rod 4 passes through the blocking table.
  • the nail core 1 forms a stop.
  • the tie rod 4 is installed to fix the axial position of the nail body core 1 and the nail body head 3 , thereby maintaining the expanded state of the nail body sleeve 2 .
  • the expanded pedicle screw is shown in Figure 3.
  • the screw body sleeve 2 bulges outward along the slot 21 until the head end of the nail body core 1 and the tail end of the nail body head 3 contact at point A.
  • A By adjusting A The size of the point can be adjusted to the size of the expanded shape.
  • this specific embodiment is further improved on the basis of the specific embodiment 1.
  • the improvement points are: the expansion incision 21 is located near the front end of the nail body sleeve 2, and a plurality of expansion notches 21 are arranged around the nail body sleeve 2 at intervals,
  • the expansion slit 21 is a straight slit structure, and the expansion slit 21 is parallel to the axial direction of the nail body sleeve 2, so as to achieve the effect of easily spreading the nail body sleeve 2 for expansion.
  • this specific embodiment is further improved on the basis of the specific embodiment 1.
  • the improvement points are: the expansion incision 21 is located near the front end of the nail body sleeve 2 , and a plurality of expansion notches 21 are arranged around the nail body sleeve 2 at intervals In this scheme, the number of expansion slits 21 is 4-6, and the expansion slits 21 are oblique slit structures. , and the torque is basically the same direction when screwing in, and it is not easy to deform.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,包括钉体芯(1)、钉体套(2)和钉体头(3),钉体套(2)的前部设置有内卡合结构(22),钉体芯(1)的前部设置有外卡合结构(12),钉体芯(1)插装在钉体套(2)中,并且内卡合结构(22)与外卡合结构(12)相配合,钉体套(2)的后部固定在钉体芯(1)上,钉体头(3)固定在钉体套(2)的前部,钉体头(3)上设置有连接结构(31),钉体套(2)上开设有多条膨胀切口(21)。通过设置钉体芯(1),在钉体芯(1)的前部设置外卡合结构(12)与钉体套(2)前端的内卡合结构(22)对应配合,在利用专用工具将整个椎弓根钉旋入到椎体中时,可将钉体芯(1)上的扭矩传递到钉体套(2)的前部,在旋入过程中能够避免钉体套(2)的变形。

Description

一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉 技术领域
本实用新型涉及医疗器械领域,尤其涉及一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉。
背景技术
对于骨质疏松的患者做内固定手术时,一般需要往椎体中置入骨水泥钉,然后通过骨水泥钉往椎体内注入骨水泥。但是,由于骨水泥注入时存在风险,骨水泥钉置入后无法拆卸、易松动或者退出,导致手术成功率降低。
现有技术中也出现了一种膨胀式椎弓根钉,像专利号为201520778507.X的实用新型专利,公开一种可膨胀型椎弓根皮质骨万向螺钉,进入椎体后可通过专用的安装工具进行撑开,使其在椎体中膨胀。但这种椎弓根钉在旋入椎体时,由于存在扭转力,使得膨胀部分容易变形。
因此,针对上述现状,研发一种在椎弓根钉旋入时不易变形的椎弓根钉是急需解决的问题。
实用新型内容
为了克服上述现有技术中的不足,本实用新型提供了一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉。
本实用新型为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,包括钉体芯、钉体套和钉体头,所述钉体套的前部设置有内卡合结构,所述钉体芯的前部设置有外卡合结构,所述钉体芯插装在钉体套中,并且内卡合结构与外卡合结构相配合,所述钉体套的后部固定在钉体芯上,所述钉体头固定在钉体套的前部,所述钉体头上设置有连接结构,所述钉体套上开设有多条膨胀切口。通过设置钉体芯,在钉体芯的前部设置外卡合结构与钉体套前端的内卡合结构对应配合,在利用专用工具将整个椎弓根钉旋入到椎体中时,可将钉体芯上的扭矩传递到钉体套的前部,在旋入过程中能够避免钉体套的变形。通过在钉体头上连接结构用于和专用工具连接。
进一步的,所述内卡合结构为内六方,所述外卡合结构为外六方。
进一步的,所述连接结构为内螺纹。通过设置内螺纹可与专用的安装工具可拆卸连接并利用该内螺纹与拉杆可拆卸连接,以方便使用。
进一步的,还包括拉杆,所述拉杆的前部设置有外螺纹,所述拉杆的后部设置有阻挡台,使用时拉杆的前部穿过钉体芯后与钉体头螺纹连接,并且拉杆的后部通过阻挡台与钉体芯形成阻挡。将钉体套在椎体中撑开使其膨胀后,装入拉杆,将钉体芯与钉体头的轴向位置固定,从而保持钉体套的膨胀状态。
进一步的,所述膨胀切口位于靠近钉体套前端的位置,多个膨胀切口环绕钉体套间隔布置。
进一步的,所述膨胀切口为直切口结构,所述膨胀切口与钉体套的轴向方向平行。易于将钉体套撑开使其膨胀。
进一步的,所述膨胀切口为斜切口结构,所述膨胀切口倾斜于钉体套的轴向方向。通过将膨胀切口设置为倾斜的,与旋入方向相同,在旋入时与扭矩基本同向,不易变形。
进一步的,所述钉体套的后部与钉体芯焊接固定,所述钉体套的前部与钉体头焊接固定,所述钉体套上设置有外螺纹。使它们之间连接更紧固,并且设置外螺纹易于旋入到椎体中。
进一步的,所述钉体芯包括芯体杆部和钉座,所述芯体杆部的外径与钉体套的内径相适配。
进一步的,所述钉体头的外形呈椎状。
从以上技术方案可以看出,本实用新型具有以下优点:
本方案提供了一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,一方面,通过设置钉体芯,在钉体芯的前部设置外卡合结构与钉体套前端的内卡合结构对应配合,在利用专用工具将整个椎弓根钉旋入到椎体中时,可将钉体芯上的扭矩传递到钉体套的前部,在旋入过程中能够避免钉体套的变形。另一方面,将钉体套在椎体中撑开使其膨胀后,装入拉杆,将钉体芯与钉体头的轴向位置固定,从而保持钉体套的膨胀状态。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型的技术方案,下面将对描述中所需 要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本实用新型具体实施方式1-3的结构示意图。
图2为图1的爆炸图。
图3为图1在膨胀时的剖视图。
[根据细则91更正 18.11.2020] 
图4为本实用新型具体实施方式4的结构示意图。
图中,1、钉体芯,2、钉体套,3、钉体头,4、拉杆,11、芯体杆部,12、外卡合结构,13、钉座,21、膨胀切口,22、内卡合结构,31、连接结构。
具体实施方式
为使得本实用新型的目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂,下面将结合本具体实施例中的附图,对本实用新型中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例,而非全部的实施例。基于本专利中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本专利保护的范围。
具体实施方式1
如图1至图4所示,本实用新型提供了一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,主要包钉体芯1、钉体套2和钉体头3,钉体套2的前部设置有内卡合结构22,钉体芯1的前部设置有外卡合结构12,钉体芯1插装在钉体套2中,并且内卡合结构22与外卡合结构12相配合,钉体套2的后部固定在钉体芯1上,钉体头3固定在钉体套2的前部,钉体头3上设置有连接结构31,该连接结构31为内螺纹,钉体套2上开设有多条膨胀切口21,本方案中,内卡合结构22为内六方,外卡合结构12为外六方,易于配合,通过在钉体芯1的前部设置外六方与钉体套2前端的内六方对应配合,在利用专用工具将整个椎弓根钉旋入到椎体中时,可将钉体芯1上的扭矩传递到钉体套2的前部,在旋入过程中能够避免钉体套2的变形。
具体的,钉体套2的后部与钉体芯1焊接固定,钉体套2的前部 与钉体头3焊接固定,钉体上设置有外螺纹,使它们之间连接更紧固。在钉体芯1的后部还设置有钉座13,钉座13的前部为芯体杆部11,芯体杆部11的外径与钉体套2的内径相适配,对钉体套2具有一定支撑的作用。另外,钉体头3的外形整体上呈椎状。
使用时,利用专用工具从钉体芯1中穿过,与钉体头3的内螺纹连接,专用工具的外管抵住钉座13,当钉体套2受到钉体芯1和钉体头3相向的挤压时,由于膨胀切口21的存在,会使钉体套2在这一部分向外撑开,形成膨胀状态。即安装后,能够将椎弓根钉进入到椎体内部的部分钉体膨胀加粗,卡在椎弓根的皮质骨上,从而实现防止退出的功能。
具体实施方式2
如图1至图4所示,为了能够使钉体套2长时间的保持膨胀状态,本具体实施方式在具体实施方式1的基础上进一步的改进,改进点为:还包括拉杆4,拉杆4的前部设置有外螺纹,拉杆4的后部设置有阻挡台,使用时拉杆4的前部穿过钉体芯1后与钉体头3螺纹连接,并且拉杆4的后部通过阻挡台与钉体芯1形成阻挡。将钉体套2在椎体中撑开使其膨胀后,装入拉杆4,将钉体芯1与钉体头3的轴向位置固定,从而保持钉体套2的膨胀状态。
另外,膨胀后的椎弓根钉如图3,钉体套2沿开槽21向外膨出,直至钉体芯1的头端和钉体头3的尾端在A点接触,通过调整A点的尺寸,即可调整膨胀后的外形尺寸。
具体实施方式3
如图1示,本具体实施方式在具体实施方式1的基础上进一步改进,改进点为:膨胀切口21位于靠近钉体套2前端的位置,多个膨胀切口21环绕钉体套2间隔布置,本方案中膨胀切口21为4-6条,膨胀切口21为直切口结构,膨胀切口21与钉体套2的轴向方向平行,达到易于将钉体套2撑开使其膨胀的效果。
具体实施方式4
如图4所示,本具体实施方式在具体实施方式1的基础上进一步改进,改进点为:膨胀切口21位于靠近钉体套2前端的位置,多个膨胀切口21环绕钉体套2间隔布置,本方案中膨胀切口21为4-6条,膨胀切口21为斜切口结构,膨胀切口21倾斜于钉体套2的轴向方向,通过将膨胀切口21设置为倾斜的,与旋入方向相同,在旋入时与扭矩基本同向,不易变形。
本实用新型的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“上”、“下”、“外侧”、“内侧”等(如果存在)是用于区别位置上的相对关系,而不必给予定性。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本实用新型的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本实用新型。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本实用新型的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本实用新型将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,包括钉体芯(1)、钉体套(2)和钉体头(3),所述钉体套(2)的前部设置有内卡合结构(22),所述钉体芯(1)的前部设置有外卡合结构(12),所述钉体芯(1)插装在钉体套(2)中,并且内卡合结构(22)与外卡合结构(12)相配合,所述钉体套(2)的后部固定在钉体芯(1)上,所述钉体头(3)固定在钉体套(2)的前部,所述钉体头(3)上设置有连接结构(31),所述钉体套(2)上开设有多条膨胀切口(21)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述内卡合结构(22)为内六方,所述外卡合结构(12)为外六方。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述连接结构(31)为内螺纹。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,还包括拉杆(4),所述拉杆(4)的前部设置有外螺纹(41),所述拉杆(4)的后部设置有阻挡台,使用时拉杆(4)的前部穿过钉体芯(1)后与钉体头(3)螺纹连接,并且拉杆(4)的后部通过阻挡台与钉体芯(1)形成阻挡。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述膨胀切口(21)位于靠近钉体套(2)前端的位置,多个膨胀切口(21)环绕钉体套(2)间隔布置。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述膨胀切口(21)为直切口结构,所述膨胀切口(21)与钉体套(2)的轴向方向平行。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述膨胀切口(21)为斜切口结构,所述膨胀切口(21)倾斜于钉体套(2)的轴向方向。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述钉体套(2)的后部与钉体芯(1)焊接固定,所述钉体套(2)的前部与钉体头(3)焊接固定,所述钉体套(2)的外壁上 设置有螺纹。
  9. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述钉体芯(1)包括芯体杆部(11)和钉座(13),所述芯体杆部(11)的外径与钉体套(2)的内径相适配。
  10. 如权利要求1-7任一所述的可膨胀的防退型椎弓根钉,其特征在于,所述钉体头(3)的外形呈椎状。
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