WO2022061509A1 - 一种立体式自动化集装箱码头 - Google Patents

一种立体式自动化集装箱码头 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022061509A1
WO2022061509A1 PCT/CN2020/116818 CN2020116818W WO2022061509A1 WO 2022061509 A1 WO2022061509 A1 WO 2022061509A1 CN 2020116818 W CN2020116818 W CN 2020116818W WO 2022061509 A1 WO2022061509 A1 WO 2022061509A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
automated
area
container
truck
horizontal transportation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/116818
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张卫
殷健
石强
张连钢
王延春
肖作超
王照富
郭乙运
郭朝阳
刘汪洋
于守水
孙超
孙秀良
Original Assignee
青岛港国际股份有限公司
青岛新前湾集装箱码头有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 青岛港国际股份有限公司, 青岛新前湾集装箱码头有限责任公司 filed Critical 青岛港国际股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/116818 priority Critical patent/WO2022061509A1/zh
Publication of WO2022061509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022061509A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G63/00—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of automated terminals, in particular to a three-dimensional automated container terminal.
  • the automatic container terminals at home and abroad are arranged along the front of the shoreline, which usually consists of the following parts: the quayside crane loading and unloading operation area at the front of the terminal, the horizontal transportation operation area and the container yard operation area.
  • the container yard operation area includes the container seaside interaction area, the container yard area and the container landside interaction area; the container seaside interaction area is close to the quayside crane loading and unloading ship operation area at the front of the terminal, and forms a closed area with the container yard area for operation. ;
  • the container yard area is arranged on the vertical wharf shoreline;
  • the container land side interaction area is arranged at the opposite end of the container yard sea side interaction area.
  • the loading and unloading system adopts container quay crane or automatic double trolley quay crane + straddle carrier or automatic guided vehicle + automatic rail crane. According to different horizontal transportation methods, single trolley or double trolley quay crane is used. Automated guided vehicles operate in the sea-side interaction area, and out-of-port trucks operate in the land-side interaction area.
  • the sea-land interaction area occupies a large amount of the wharf's deep shoreline.
  • the off-site collection cards are concentrated in the landside interaction area, and the traffic pressure in the landside interaction area is relatively large.
  • the automatic rail hoisting box runs a long distance and takes a long time. 4.
  • the vertical distance between the automatic rail crane and the truck is large, the deviation of the automation accuracy is large, and the operation efficiency is low.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional automated container terminal, which can change the existing landside interaction area function to interaction in the yard in the form of a double-layer structure, reduce the occupation of the deep shoreline of the terminal, and can effectively shorten the collection Port and port opening time, relieve the traffic pressure of gathering port and port opening, reduce the running distance and time of receiving and dispatching boxes, thereby improving the efficiency of terminal operation, and reducing the land used for terminal construction, which can better promote the popularization of automated terminals.
  • the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
  • An automated container terminal comprising: a wharf (2), used for docking ships (1), arranged along the shore; a quayside bridge (14), used for container loading and unloading operations on the shoreline of the wharf, arranged along the shoreline on the front of the wharf It also includes: a container yard (7), which is divided into upper and lower layers and consists of a number of container areas arranged on the shoreline of a vertical wharf and an automatic double-cantilever gantry crane (8) mounted on the upper part of the container area; wherein, the lower layer includes The automated double cantilever gantry crane parallel to the container area and the automated horizontal transportation equipment interaction area (9) and the automated horizontal transportation equipment lane (20); the upper layer includes the automated double cantilever gantry crane parallel to the container area and the truck interaction area ( 10); the lower level horizontal transportation operation area, which is bounded between the wharf and the container yard, including the interaction area (3) between the quay crane and the automated horizontal transportation equipment, the parking area for the automated
  • a lane (19) for automated horizontal transport equipment inside the yard is provided inside the container area, which is used for automated horizontal transport equipment in automated double cantilever gantry cranes and automated horizontal transport equipment. Passage between the interaction area (9) and the operation area (20) of the automated horizontal transport equipment.
  • interaction area (3) between the quay crane and the automated horizontal transportation equipment, the parking area for the automated horizontal transportation equipment (4), the high-speed operation area for the automated horizontal transportation equipment (5), the container yard (7) and the interaction area (9) between the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the automated horizontal transport equipment is defined as a closed area by the fence (16).
  • the automated horizontal transport equipment lane (20) is provided below the automated double-cantilever gantry crane and the truck interaction area (10).
  • one side of the automated double cantilever gantry crane (8) interacts with the automated horizontal transport equipment (6), and the other side interacts with the truck (13).
  • guardrail (17) is provided between the quay crane and the truck interaction area (11) and the wharf shoreline.
  • the lanes in the parking area (4) of the automated horizontal transportation equipment are arranged vertically to the quay shoreline; the high-speed operation area (5) of the automated horizontal transportation equipment is arranged parallel to the quay shoreline.
  • interaction area (11) between the quay crane and the truck is provided with a transport channel (18) for oversized special containers.
  • a storage and maintenance area (21) is provided below the interaction area (10) between the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the truck.
  • each container yard container area is equipped with at least two of the automated double cantilever gantry cranes (8); and/or, the sea side and/or the land side of the upper layer of the container yard (7) are provided with automated Double cantilever gantry crane maintenance area (15).
  • the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the three-dimensional automated container terminal proposed by the present invention adopts an upper and lower double-layer structure, and the lower layer is set as the operation layer of automated horizontal transportation equipment, which includes quay cranes and quays.
  • Automated horizontal transport equipment interaction area (3), automated horizontal transport equipment parking area (4), automated horizontal transport equipment high-speed operation area (5), container yard (7) and automated double cantilever gantry cranes interact with automated horizontal transport equipment Area (9), to realize the loading and unloading of containers;
  • the upper layer is set as the collection port and dredging operation layer of the truck, which includes the interaction area between the quay crane and the truck (11), the truck expressway (12) and the automatic dual The interaction area (10) between the cantilever gantry crane and the truck realizes the collection and dredging of the truck;
  • this kind of double-layer structure changes the function of the existing landside interaction area into the structure of interaction in the yard, reducing the The land occupation of the deep shoreline of the wharf can effectively shorten the time of gathering and dredging ports, ease the traffic pressure of assembling and dredging ports, reduce the running distance and time of receiving and dispatching boxes, thereby improving the efficiency of wharf operations, and reducing the depth of the wharf.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the three-dimensional automated container terminal proposed by the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is the superstructure schematic diagram of the three-dimensional automated container terminal proposed by the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the side view structure diagram of the three-dimensional automated container terminal proposed by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front structural view of the three-dimensional automated container terminal proposed by the present invention.
  • the three-dimensional automated container terminal proposed by the present invention includes:
  • Pier 2 used for docking ship 1 is arranged along the shore.
  • the shore bridge 14 is used for container loading and unloading operations on the shoreline of the terminal, and is arranged along the shoreline of the front shoreline of the terminal 2.
  • the container yard 7 is divided into upper and lower layers, and consists of several container areas arranged vertically on the shoreline of the wharf and an automated double cantilever gantry crane 8 mounted on the upper part of the container area; Cantilever gantry crane and automated horizontal transportation equipment interaction area 9 and automated horizontal transportation equipment lane 20; the upper layer includes an automated double cantilever gantry crane and truck interaction area 10 parallel to the container area.
  • the lower horizontal transportation operation area A between the terminal 2 and the container yard 7, including the interaction area 3 between the quay crane and the automated horizontal transportation equipment, the automatic horizontal transportation equipment parking area 4 and the automatic horizontal transportation equipment high-speed operation area 5.
  • Upper-level truck transportation operation area B between the terminal 2 and the container yard 7, including the quay crane and truck interaction area 11 and the truck high-speed lane 12, of which the quay crane and truck interaction area 11 is mainly used for shore
  • the bridge directly interacts with the truck to ship the container.
  • an internal automated horizontal transport equipment lane 19 inside the container area which is used for the automated horizontal transport equipment 6 in the interaction area 9 between the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the automated horizontal transport equipment. Pass between the operating areas 20 of the horizontal transport equipment.
  • the above-mentioned three-dimensional automated container terminal can be divided into:
  • the quayside crane loading and unloading operation area at the front of the terminal including the quay crane and automated horizontal transportation equipment interaction area 3, the automatic horizontal transportation equipment parking area 4, the automatic horizontal transportation equipment high-speed operation area 5, the quay crane and the truck interaction area 11 and the collection area Card Expressway 12.
  • the lower level horizontal transportation operation area the interaction area between quay cranes and automated horizontal transportation equipment 3.
  • the parking area for automated horizontal transportation equipment 4.
  • the high-speed operation area for automated horizontal transportation equipment The internal automated horizontal transport equipment lane 19 and the automated horizontal transport equipment lane 20; used for container transport between the quay crane and the storage yard.
  • Upper-level truck transportation operation area quay crane and truck interaction area 11, truck high-speed lane 12 and automated double cantilever gantry crane and truck interaction area 10; used for gathering and dredging operations.
  • the automated double cantilever gantry crane 8 can interact with the truck 13 in the container yard 7, which can effectively shorten the time for gathering and dredging, and relieve the traffic pressure of gathering and dredging. Shorten the running distance of the automatic double cantilever gantry crane receiving and dispatching box, effectively reduce the running time and improve the operation efficiency.
  • the loading and unloading steps of loading and unloading ships, gathering and dredging ports are as follows:
  • the main trolley of the quay crane 14 unloads the container from the ship 1 to the transfer platform of the quay crane 14 , and then the gantry trolley of the quay crane 14 unloads the container to the automated horizontal transport equipment 6 .
  • the automated horizontal transportation equipment 6 receives an instruction in the automated horizontal transportation equipment parking area 4, and runs to the designated position in the interaction area 3 between the quay crane and the automated horizontal transportation equipment. The interaction is complete.
  • the automatic horizontal transportation equipment 6 runs through the automatic horizontal transportation equipment parking area 4 and the automatic horizontal transportation equipment high-speed operation area 5, and runs to the destination storage yard where the box space is located in the interaction area between the automatic double cantilever gantry crane and the automatic horizontal transportation equipment 9, the automated double-jib gantry crane 8 travels to this target position and interacts with the automated horizontal transport equipment 6 at this target position.
  • the automatic double cantilever gantry crane 8 grabs the container and then runs to the designated corresponding container position to drop the container.
  • the unloaded automated horizontal transport equipment 6 After the unloaded automated horizontal transport equipment 6 completes the unloading task, it runs to the automated horizontal transport equipment lane 20 through the return passage. Return to the parking area 4 of the automatic horizontal transportation equipment through the high-speed operation area 5 of the automatic horizontal transportation equipment, and wait for the next instruction.
  • the entire circulation path of the automated horizontal transport equipment 6 is: the interaction area between the quay crane and the automated horizontal transport equipment 3, the automated horizontal transport equipment parking area 4, the automated horizontal transport equipment high-speed operation area 5, the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the automated horizontal Transportation equipment interaction area 9 , automated horizontal transportation equipment lanes 19 and automated horizontal transportation equipment lanes 20 in the yard.
  • the empty automated horizontal transport equipment 6 runs from the automated horizontal transport equipment lane 20 to the interaction area 9 between the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the automated horizontal transport equipment.
  • the automated double cantilever gantry crane 8 grabs the container from the corresponding container area and then drops the container to the automated horizontal transport device 6 .
  • the automated horizontal transportation equipment 6 runs from the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the automated horizontal transportation equipment interaction area 9 through the automated horizontal transportation equipment high-speed operation area 5 and the automated horizontal transportation equipment parking area 4 to the quay crane and the automated horizontal transportation equipment interaction area 3.
  • the gantry trolley of the quay crane 14 loads the container from the automated horizontal transport equipment 6 to the transfer platform of the quay crane 14 , and the main trolley of the quay crane 14 loads the container onto the ship 1 from the transfer platform.
  • the trucks 13 outside the port enter the upper layer of the container yard 7 from the inclined (to realize the traveling of the trucks 13 from the lower layer to the upper layer) collection and distribution transportation channel 22 to the upper layer of the container yard 7 , and pass through the right side of the container yard 7 .
  • the lane enters the truck high-speed lane 12, and then enters the location of the designated container area.
  • the automated double cantilever gantry crane 8 moves to this position according to the instruction, and interacts with the truck in the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the truck interaction area 10.
  • the container is hoisted by the automatic double cantilever gantry crane 8 to the designated container position.
  • the trucks 13 After the trucks 13 are unloaded, they enter the rear collecting and distributing transportation channel 23 which is also sloped (to realize the traveling of the trucks 13 from the upper layer to the lower layer) and leaves the port area.
  • the automatic double cantilever The gantry crane 8 moves to this position according to the instruction. According to the instruction, the automatic double cantilever gantry crane 8 runs to the designated container position to lift the container, and then runs to the interaction area 10 between the automatic double cantilever gantry crane and the container to place the container on the container. card 13.
  • the method of unloading containers in different container areas of the container yard 7 is completed by the automatic horizontal transport equipment 6 and the automatic double cantilever gantry crane 8, that is, the container is first lifted by an automatic double cantilever gantry crane and transported to the automatic horizontal transport equipment. After that, after the automated horizontal transport equipment runs to the designated container area, it is lifted to the designated container position by an automated double cantilever gantry crane.
  • the interaction area 3 between the quay crane and the automated horizontal transportation equipment, the parking area for the automated horizontal transportation equipment 4, the high-speed operation area for the automated horizontal transportation equipment 5, the container yard 7 and the automated double cantilever gantry crane can be combined with
  • the automated horizontal transportation equipment interaction area 9 is defined as a separate enclosed area using the fence 16, so as to facilitate the unmanned operation of the automated terminal.
  • the interaction area 11 of the quay crane and the truck is provided with a transport channel 18 for over-gauge special containers, and the out-of-port container trucks can drive into the transport channel 18 for over-gauge special boxes, which will be detrimental to automatic loading and unloading.
  • Special containers and dangerous goods containers are transported to the quay crane and truck interaction area 11 for loading and unloading.
  • all lanes of the automated horizontal transport equipment 6 and the trucks 13 can be used as emergency firefighting passages, and in the event of an emergency such as a fire, evacuation and fire fighting can be effectively performed.
  • the automatic double cantilever gantry crane 8 is used for the interaction between the automatic horizontal transport equipment 6 and the truck 13, and is erected on the basic rail beam between the container areas of the container yard 7. It adopts a reinforced concrete structure and is connected to the automatic horizontal transport equipment 6 on one side. Interaction, the other side interacts with the truck 13; each container area is set up with an automated double cantilever gantry crane and automated horizontal transport equipment interaction area 9 and an automated double cantilever gantry crane and truck interaction area 10; each container box The district is equipped with at least two automated double-jib gantry cranes8.
  • an automatic double cantilever gantry crane maintenance area 15 is provided on the sea side of the upper layer of the container yard 7, and the upper-layer truck transport operation area B is the quay crane and truck interaction area 11, and the truck expressway
  • the lane 12 and the automatic double cantilever gantry crane maintenance area 15 are provided with guardrails 17 between the quay crane and truck interaction area 11 and the wharf shoreline to ensure the safety of truck operations.
  • the operation area 20 of the automated horizontal transport equipment is arranged below the interaction area 10 between the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the truck.
  • the lanes in the parking area 3 of the automated horizontal transportation equipment are arranged vertically to the quay shoreline; the high-speed operation area 4 of the automated horizontal transportation equipment is arranged parallel to the quay shoreline.
  • a storage and maintenance area 21 is provided below the interaction area 10 between the automated double cantilever gantry crane and the truck.
  • the width of the container area of the container yard 7 is designed for multiple rows of containers, and the width between the lower-level automated double cantilever gantry crane and the automated horizontal transportation equipment interaction area 9 is the width of multiple automated horizontal transportation equipment.
  • Lane width design the width between the two-story automatic double cantilever gantry crane and the container yard in the container exchange area is designed for multiple truck lane widths. The width of the container area and the lane width are configured according to the needs of the terminal.

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Abstract

一种立体式自动化集装箱码头，集装箱堆场（7）分为上下两层，下层包括自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区（9）和自动化水平运输设备车道（20），上层包括平行于箱区的自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区（10）；该码头（2）还包括界于码头（2）与集装箱堆场（7）之间的下层水平运输作业区（A）和上层集卡运输作业区（B），下层水平运输作业区（A）包括岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区（3）、自动化水平运输设备停车区（4）和自动化水平运输设备高速运行区（5），上层集卡运输作业区（B）包括岸桥与集卡交互区（11）和集卡高速车道（12）。以双层立体架构形式减少了对码头纵深岸线的占地，能够有效的利用空间，缩短集港、疏港时间，缓解集港疏港交通压力，减少收发箱运行距离和时间，从而提高码头作业效率。

Description

一种立体式自动化集装箱码头 技术领域
本发明属于自动化码头技术领域，具体地说，是涉及一种立体式自动化集装箱码头。
 背景技术
目前，国内外自动化集装箱码头为正面岸线的顺岸布置方式，通常由以下部分构成：码头前沿岸桥装卸船作业区、水平运输作业区和集装箱堆场作业区。
其中，集装箱堆场作业区包括集装箱海侧交互区、集装箱堆场区和集装箱陆侧交互区；集装箱海侧交互区靠近码头前沿的岸桥装卸船作业区，与集装箱堆场区组成封闭区域运行；集装箱堆场区垂直码头岸线布置；集装箱陆侧交互区布置在集装箱堆场海侧交互区的相反端。装卸系统则采用集装箱岸桥或自动化双小车岸桥＋跨运车或自动化导引车＋自动化轨道吊，根据水平运输方式不同，采用单小车或双小车岸桥。自动化导引车在海侧交互区运行，港外集卡在陆侧交互区运行。
 技术问题
但上述现有形式的码头布局对纵深空间要求较高，采用上述码头布局及装卸系统时存在以下问题：1、海陆侧交互区占用大量码头纵深岸线。2、场外集卡集中于陆侧交互区，陆侧交互区交通压力较大。3、自动化轨道吊收发箱运行距离较远，时间较长。4、自动化轨道吊与集卡垂直距离较大，自动化精度偏差较大，作业效率低。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种立体式自动化集装箱码头，以双层架构形式将现有的陆侧交互区功能改为在堆场内交互，减少对码头纵深岸线的占地，能够有效缩短集港、疏港时间，缓解集港疏港交通压力，减少收发箱运行距离和时间，从而提高码头作业效率，并减少码头建设用地，可更好的推广普及自动化码头。
本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：
提出一种自动化集装箱码头，包括：码头（2），用于停靠船舶（1），顺岸布置；岸桥（14），用于码头岸线集装箱装卸船作业，在码头正面岸线顺岸布置；还包括：集装箱堆场（7），分为上下两层，由若干个垂直码头岸线布置的箱区以及架于箱区上部的自动化双悬臂门式起重机（8）构成；其中，下层包括平行于箱区的自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区（9）和自动化水平运输设备车道（20）；上层包括平行于箱区的自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区（10）；下层水平运输作业区，界于所述码头与所述集装箱堆场之间，包括岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区（3）、自动化水平运输设备停车区（4）和自动化水平运输设备高速运行区（5）；上层集卡运输作业区，界于所述码头与所述集装箱堆场之间，包括岸桥与集卡交互区（11）和集卡高速车道（12）。
进一步的，所述集装箱堆场（7）的下层，在箱区内部设有堆场内部自动化水平运输设备车道（19），用于自动化水平运输设备在自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区（9）和自动化水平运输设备运行区（20）之间通行。
进一步的，所述岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区（3）、自动化水平运输设备停车区（4）、自动化水平运输设备高速运行区（5）、所述集装箱堆场（7）和所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区（9）被围网（16）限定为封闭区域。
进一步的，所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区（10）的下方设置所述自动化水平运输设备车道（20）。
进一步的，所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机（8）的一侧与自动化水平运输设备（6）交互，另一侧与集卡（13）交互。
进一步的，所述岸桥与集卡交互区（11）与码头岸线之间设置有护栏（17）。
进一步的，所述自动化水平运输设备停车区（4）内的车道垂直码头岸线布设；所述自动化水平运输设备高速运行区（5）平行码头岸线布设。
进一步的，所述岸桥与集卡交互区（11）设有超限特种箱运输通道（18）。
进一步的，所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区（10）的下方设置有仓储及维修区域（21）。
进一步的，每个集装箱堆场箱区配备至少两台所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机（8）；和/或，所述集装箱堆场（7）上层的海侧和/或陆侧设置有自动化双悬臂门式起重机维保区域（15）。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点和积极效果是：本发明提出的立体式自动化集装箱码头，采用上下双层架构，下层设置为自动化水平运输设备作业层，在该层中包括岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区（3）、自动化水平运输设备停车区（4）、自动化水平运输设备高速运行区（5）、集装箱堆场（7）和自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区（9），实现集装箱的装卸箱；上层设置为集卡的集港疏港作业层，在该层中包括岸桥与集卡交互区（11）、集卡高速车道（12）和自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区（10），实现集卡的集港、疏港；这种以双层架构形式将现有的陆侧交互区功能改为在堆场内交互的结构，减少了对码头纵深岸线的占地，能够有效缩短集港、疏港时间，缓解集港疏港交通压力，减少收发箱运行距离和时间，从而提高码头作业效率，并且因为减少了码头纵深而减少了码头建设用地，解决了因码头纵深不够而影响自动化码头建设的问题。
 附图说明
图1 为本发明提出的立体式自动化集装箱码头的下层结构示意图；
图2为本发明提出的立体式自动化集装箱码头的上层结构示意图；
图3为本发明提出的立体式自动化集装箱码头的侧视结构图；
图4为本发明提出的立体式自动化集装箱码头的正视结构图。
附图标记：1-船舶，2-码头，3-岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区，4-自动化水平运输设备停车区，5-自动化水平运输设备高速运行区，6-自动化水平运输设备，7-集装箱堆场，8-自动化双悬臂门式起重机，9-自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区，10-自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区，11-岸桥与集卡交互区，12-集卡高速车道，13-集卡，14-岸桥，15-自动化双悬臂门式起重机维保区域，16-围网，17-护栏，18-超限特种箱运输通道，19-堆场内部自动化水平运输设备车道，20-自动化水平运输设备车道，21-仓储及维修区域，22-集疏运输通道，23-后方集疏运输通道。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
本发明提出的立体式自动化集装箱码头，如图1至图4所示，包括：
码头2，用于停靠船舶1，顺岸布置。
岸桥14，用于码头岸线集装箱装卸船作业，在码头2正面岸线顺岸布置。
集装箱堆场7，分为上下两层，由若干个垂直码头岸线布置的箱区以及架于箱区上部的自动化双悬臂门式起重机8构成；这其中，下层包括平行于箱区的自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9和自动化水平运输设备车道20；上层包括平行于箱区的自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区10。
下层水平运输作业区A：界于码头2与集装箱堆场7之间，包括岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区3、自动化水平运输设备停车区4和自动化水平运输设备高速运行区5。
上层集卡运输作业区B：界于码头2与集装箱堆场7之间，包括岸桥与集卡交互区11和集卡高速车道12，其中，岸桥与集卡交互区11主要用于岸桥直接与集卡交互装运集装箱。
优选的，集装箱堆场7的下层，在箱区内部设有堆场内部自动化水平运输设备车道19，用于自动化水平运输设备6在自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9和自动化水平运输设备运行区20之间通行。
上述提出的立体式自动化集装箱码头，从系统功能划分，可以分为：
1、码头前沿岸桥装卸船作业区：包括岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区3、自动化水平运输设备停车区4、自动化水平运输设备高速运行区5、岸桥与集卡交互区11和集卡高速车道12。
2、下层水平运输作业区：岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区3、自动化水平运输设备停车区4、自动化水平运输设备高速运行区5、自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9、堆场内部自动化水平运输设备车道19和自动化水平运输设备车道20；用于岸桥与堆场之间的集装箱运输。
3、上层集卡运输作业区：岸桥与集卡交互区11、集卡高速车道12和自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区10；用于集港疏港作业。
基于上述提出的立体式自动化集装箱码头，自动化双悬臂门式起重机8能够与集卡13在集装箱堆场7内交互，能够有效缩短集港、疏港时间，缓解集港、疏港交通压力，且缩短自动化双悬臂门式起重机收发箱的运行距离，有效减少运行时间，提高作业效率。
具体的，基于立体式上述自动化集装箱码头，装卸船、集港疏港装卸步骤如下：
1、卸船
岸桥14的主小车将集装箱从船舶1上卸下至岸桥14的中转平台上，再由岸桥14的门架小车将集装箱卸至自动化水平运设备6上。
自动化水平运输设备6在自动化水平运输设备停车区4接收到指令，运行到岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区3的指定位置，岸桥14与自动化水平运输设备6在指定位置进行装箱交互直至交互完成。
交互完成后，自动化水平运输设备6运行通过自动化水平运输设备停车区4和自动化水平运输设备高速运行区5，运行至目的堆场的箱位所在自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9的目标位置，自动化双悬臂门式起重机8运行到此目标位置，与自动化水平运输设备6在此目标位置进行交互。
自动化双悬臂门式起重机8抓取集装箱后运行至指定相应箱位落箱。
空载的自动化水平运输设备6完成卸箱任务后，通过返回通道运行至自动化水平运输设备车道20。经自动化水平运输设备高速运行区5返回自动化水平运输设备停车区4，等待下一条指令。
上述，自动化水平运输设备6的整个循环路径为：岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区3、自动化水平运输设备停车区4、自动化水平运输设备高速运行区5、自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9、堆场内部自动化水平运输设备车道19和自动化水平运输设备车道20。
2、装船
空载的自动化水平运输设备6从自动化水平运输设备车道20运行至自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9。
自动化双悬臂门式起重机8从相应箱区抓取集装箱后落箱至自动化水平运输设备6。
自动化水平运输设备6从自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9经自动化水平运输设备高速运行区5、自动化水平运输设备停车区4运行至岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区3。
岸桥14的门架小车将集装箱从自动化水平运设备6装载至岸桥14的中转平台，岸桥14的主小车再从中转平台将集装箱装载至船舶1上。
3、集港
如图2所示，港外的集卡13从斜坡式的（以实现集卡13从下层至上层的行驶）集疏运输通道22进入集装箱堆场7的上层，经集装箱堆场7右侧的车道进入集卡高速车道12，再进入指定箱区箱位所在位置，自动化双悬臂门式起重机8根据指令到移动此位置，与集卡在自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区10进行交互作业，由自动化双悬臂门式起重机8吊起集装箱运行至指定箱位。
集卡13卸箱后进入同样是斜坡式的（以实现集卡13从上层至下层的行驶）后方集疏运输通道23离开港区。
4、疏港
港外的集卡13从斜坡式的集疏运输通道22进入集装箱堆场7的上层，经集装箱堆场7右侧的集卡高速车道12，再进入指定箱区箱位所在位置，自动化双悬臂门式起重机8根据指令到移动此位置，根据指令由自动化双悬臂门式起重机8运行至指定箱位吊起集装箱，再运行至自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区10将集装箱放置到集卡13上。
集卡13装箱后进入同样是斜坡式的后方集疏运输通道23离开港区。
5、集装箱堆场倒箱装卸
集装箱堆场7不同箱区的倒箱方法是通过自动化水平运输设备6和自动化双悬臂门式起重机8共同完成，即，先由一台自动化双悬臂门式起重机起吊箱并运送至自动化水平运输设备后，自动化水平运输设备运行至指定箱区后，再由一台自动化双悬臂门式起重机起吊至指定箱位。
在本发明一些实施例中，可以将岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区3、自动化水平运输设备停车区4、自动化水平运输设备高速运行区5、集装箱堆场7和自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9使用围网16限定为单独的封闭区域，以利于自动化码头无人化作业。
在本发明一些实施例中，岸桥与集卡交互区11设有超限特种箱运输通道18，港外集卡可驶入该超限特种箱运输通道18，将不利于自动化装卸的超限特种箱和危险品集装箱运输至岸桥与集卡交互区11进行装卸。
在本发明一些实施例中，自动化水平运输设备6和集卡13的所有车道均可作为应急消防通道，当发生火灾等紧急情况时，可以有效进行疏散和火灾扑救。
自动化双悬臂门式起重机8用于自动化水平运输设备6和集卡13的交互，架设在集装箱堆场7箱区之间的基础轨道梁上，采用钢筋混凝土结构，一侧与自动化水平运输设备6交互，另一侧与集卡13交互；每个箱区设置一个自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9和一个自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区10；每个集装箱箱区配备至少两台自动化双悬臂门式起重机8。
在本发明一些实施例中，集装箱堆场7上层的海侧设置有自动化双悬臂门式起重机维保区域15，则上层集卡运输作业区B为岸桥与集卡交互区11、集卡高速车道12和自动化双悬臂门式起重机维保区域15，在岸桥与集卡交互区11与码头岸线之间设置有护栏17以保障集卡作业安全。
在本发明一些实施例中，将自动化水平运输设备运行区20设置在自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区10的下方。
在本发明一些实施例中，自动化水平运输设备停车区3内的车道垂直码头岸线布设；自动化水平运输设备高速运行区4平行码头岸线布设。
在本发明一些实施例中，自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区10的下方设置有仓储及维修区域21。
在本发明一些实施例中，集装箱堆场7的箱区宽度为多排集装箱设计，下层自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区9集装箱堆场之间宽度为多个自动化水平运输设备车道宽度设计，二层自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区10集装箱堆场之间宽度为多个集卡车道宽度设计，箱区宽度、车道宽度根据码头需要配置数量。
应该指出的是，上述说明并非是对本发明的限制，本发明也并不仅限于上述举例，本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换，也应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自动化集装箱码头，包括：
    码头（2），用于停靠船舶（1），顺岸布置；
    岸桥（14），用于码头岸线集装箱装卸船作业，在码头正面岸线顺岸布置；
    其特征在于，还包括：
    集装箱堆场（7），分为上下两层，由若干个垂直码头岸线布置的箱区以及架于箱区上部的自动化双悬臂门式起重机（8）构成；其中，下层包括平行于箱区的自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区（9）和自动化水平运输设备车道（20）；上层包括平行于箱区的自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区（10）；
    下层水平运输作业区，界于所述码头与所述集装箱堆场之间，包括岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区（3）、自动化水平运输设备停车区（4）和自动化水平运输设备高速运行区（5）；
    上层集卡运输作业区，界于所述码头与所述集装箱堆场之间，包括岸桥与集卡交互区（11）和集卡高速车道（12）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，所述集装箱堆场（7）的下层，在箱区内部设有堆场内部自动化水平运输设备车道（19），用于自动化水平运输设备在自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区（9）和自动化水平运输设备运行区（20）之间通行。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，所述岸桥与自动化水平运输设备交互区（3）、自动化水平运输设备停车区（4）、自动化水平运输设备高速运行区（5）、所述集装箱堆场（7）和所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机与自动化水平运输设备交互区（9）被围网（16）限定为封闭区域。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区（10）的下方设置所述自动化水平运输设备车道（20）。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机（8）的一侧与自动化水平运输设备（6）交互，另一侧与集卡（13）交互。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，所述岸桥与集卡交互区（11）与码头岸线之间设置有护栏（17）。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，所述自动化水平运输设备停车区（4）内的车道垂直码头岸线布设；所述自动化水平运输设备高速运行区（5）平行码头岸线布设。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，所述岸桥与集卡交互区（11）设有超限特种箱运输通道（18）。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机与集卡交互区（10）的下方设置有仓储及维修区域（21）。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的自动化集装箱码头，其特征在于，每个集装箱堆场箱区配备至少两台所述自动化双悬臂门式起重机（8）；和/或，所述集装箱堆场（7）上层的海侧和/或陆侧设置有自动化双悬臂门式起重机维保区域（15）。
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