WO2022061175A1

WO2022061175A1 - Hair treatment system with proximity sensors to detect scalp or hair distance and locality

Info

Publication number: WO2022061175A1
Application number: PCT/US2021/050966
Authority: WO
Inventors: David KOSECOFF; Florent VALCESCHINI; Dominic Akerele; Nicholas SINCLAIR
Original assignee: L'oreal
Priority date: 2020-09-18
Filing date: 2021-09-17
Publication date: 2022-03-24
Also published as: JP2023542004A; KR20230080431A; EP4213682A1

Abstract

A device comprises a treatment system to treat scalp or hair; one or more sensors configured to detect at least one spatial condition selected from device contact with scalp or hair, device distance to scalp or hair, and device location in relation to scalp or hair; a controller configured to send instructions to adjust the treatment system based on the detected spatial condition of the device. A device for treating hair or scalp, the device comprises a dispenser connected to a cartridge, wherein the cartridge comprises a formulation; a plurality of tips, wherein the tips have at least one opening to dispense the formulation; and a controller that controls the amount of formulation that is dispensed from the tips. The controller can further be configured to control the dispensing of the formulation through one or more tips individually.

Description

HAIR TREATMENT SYSTEM WITH PROXIMITY SENSORS TO DETECT SCALP OR HAIR DISTANCE AND LOCALITY

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 17/025,598, filed September 18, 2020, U.S. Patent Application No. 17/025,608, filed September 18, 2020, U.S. Patent Application No. 17/025,619, filed September 18, 2020, French Patent Application No. 2100128, filed January 7, 2021, French Patent Application No. 2012073, filed November 24, 2020, and French Patent Application No. 2011369, filed November 5, 2020; the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

SUMMARY

In one embodiment, a hair treatment system intelligently treats or diagnoses hair and scalp by region. In one embodiment, proximity sensors, such as a camera or infrared (IR) or both camera and infrared sensors in conjunction with contact sensors are used to approximate distance and locality and to generate commands that modify a dispensing or diagnosing product along length of hair and into the scalp.

In one embodiment, the hair treatment system facilitates pattern applications and treatment dosages (e.g. roots vs ends of hair) as well as differentiating scalp from hair from air.

In one embodiment, the hair treatment system controls outflow or direction of scalp and hair treatments so as to minimize waste and inhalable mists.

In one embodiment, the hair treatment system includes a scalp contact sensor, for example, open or short detectors or dielectric sensors on bristle tips of brushes or combs, and determines whether or not the hair treatment system is in contact proximity of the scalp or hair roots.

In one embodiment, the location on the head (top vs sides) is further calculated through the use of an accelerometer. A camera and/or IR sensor determines how far the device is from the scalp, whether it is in contact with hair, and whether it has reached the ends of the hair. Different types of product are dispensed (i.e. by way of nozzles or spray valves) and or different types of LED's are illuminated (i.e. Red vs UV) according to the different regions on the hair or scalp. In one embodiment, an advantage of this disclosure is to provide a device for dispensing dry shampoo in a cleaner and more accessible form.

In one embodiment, a cartridge containing dry shampoo solution is embedded in a applicator device. When activated via an on-button the dry shampoo solution is dispensed in measured amounts via a pump into a series of tips or teeth with small openings in them. As the user combs or brushes their hair, the solution glides onto and into the hair.

In one embodiment, the device releases hair and scalp product as a vapor cloud (mist) through ultrasound. This has the advantage of gentle dispersion of the product to reduce the amount of waste and improves control of coverage. This solution contrasts with an aerosol spray can that sprays more than is needed and produces a large cloud that covers an area well outside the user's head.

In one embodiment, a multi-use device incorporates novel brush or comb tips for dispensing.

In one embodiment, each tip is constructed as a joining of a half-cylinder positive conductor and half-cylinder negative conductor, separated by a non-conductive gasket (insulator).

In one embodiment, each brush (or comb) tip is a cylindrical chamber split lengthwise into two or more chambers electrically insulated from each other, or two or more coaxial cylinders electrically insulated from each other.

In one embodiment, a tip has a positive terminal that can be used to provide microcurrents to the scalp, where the scalp acts as ground (GND) path.

In one embodiment, the brush (or comb) tip can provide micro-currents to the scalp, where the scalp acts as a conductive path between a positive terminal and a negative terminal of different tips.

In one embodiment, micro-currents can be administered between multiple tips, where one tip acts at the positive source terminal and the other acts as a GND terminal.

In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between the positive and negative terminals to determine scalp moisture level.

In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between multiple tips to determine scalp moisture level across wider regions.

In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between the positive terminal or negative terminal and scalp (via return path to handle) to determine if tip is in contact with scalp (skin). This is useful if the application requires scalp contact; for instance, in a formula treatment and vacuuming system, where the scalp is the treatment target and the vacuum is at risk of vacuuming hair if it's not operating directly on the scalp.

In one embodiment, a light-emitting diode (LED) can be placed at the end of the tip and powered by the two terminals.

In one embodiment, depending on the power of the LED, thermal dissipation can be absorbed (heatsinked) by the conductive material.

In one embodiment, LEDs are placed at the far end of the tip. In this configuration, an LED can deliver more energy to the scalp compared to being placed at the base of the tip or delivered through a long fiber-optic path.

In one embodiment, the LED can be used for treatment, curing formula, or indicating device status (i.e., operational mode or charging status).

In one embodiment, a series of laser-cut holes (perforations) along the length of the tips can be used to deliver formula to the scalp and hair.

In one embodiment, individual openings only at the very end of the tip can be used if only the scalp is targeted.

In one embodiment, The functions of the tips and their split conduction halves can be controlled by a microprocessor circuit within the primary body of the brush or comb device.

In one embodiment, the brush or comb tip is not conductive, and the multi-cylinder construction can be useful if the application involves mixing formulas or dispensing formula and vacuuming onto a small, controlled target area on the scalp.

In one embodiment, a portable- sized brush or comb device includes massaging tips individually controlled in XYZ motions by a actuator. The tips individually dispense a precisely measured volume of scalp product only upon contact with your scalp (through use of open/short or dielectric skin contact sensors). Individually activated tips spray hair product (dry shampoo or color tint) in tightly controlled formations (i.e., in a flat fan formation). Personalized scalp and hair products are stored in swappable cartridges. The addition of a camera can diagnose scalp and hair conditions related hair density, tone, and dryness. The addition of LEDs can further treat hair, facilitate camera imaging, and be used for formula curing.

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify key features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatical illustration of a hair and scalp treatment device;

FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatical illustration of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatical illustration of a side view of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIGURE 1 ;

FIGURE 4 is a diagrammatical illustration of a back view of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIGURE 1 ;

FIGURE 5 is a diagrammatical illustration of a bottom view of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIGURE 1 ;

FIGURE 6 is a schematic illustration showing the components of a hair and scalp treatment device;

FIGURE 7 is a flow diagram showing method of for the hair and scalp treatment device;

FIGURE 8 is a diagrammatical illustration of a bottom view of a hair and scalp treatment device having tips arranged in a circular pattern utilizing half-cylinder construction (brush embodiment);

FIGURE 9 is a diagrammatical illustration of a bottom view of a hair and scalp treatment device having tips arranged in a circular pattern utilizing cylinder within cylinder construction (brush embodiment);

FIGURE 10 is a diagrammatical illustration of a side view of a hair and scalp treatment device having tips arranged in a single row (comb embodiment);

FIGURE 11 is a diagrammatical illustration of a tip of half cylinder construction for the brush and comb embodiments;

FIGURE 12 is a diagrammatical illustration of a tip of cylinder within cylinder construction for the brush and comb embodiments; FIGURE 13 is a diagrammatical illustration of a tip with LEDs of half cylinder construction for the brush and comb embodiments;

FIGURE 14 is a diagrammatical illustration of a tip with LEDs of cylinder within cylinder construction for the brush and comb embodiments; and

FIGURE 15 is a schematic illustration showing the components of a hair and scalp treatment device.

FIGURE 16 is a diagrammatical illustration of a hair and scalp treatment device;

FIGURE 17 is a diagrammatical illustration of the hair and scalp treatment device of FIGURE 16;

FIGURE 18 is a schematic illustration showing the components of an embodiment of a hair and scalp treatment device;

FIGURE 19 is a schematic illustration showing the ends of individual tips being controlled to dispense formulation in circular and linear patterns; and

FIGURE 20 is a schematic illustration showing an individual tip having individual actuators for vibration in three axes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A number of scalp and hair treatment devices are known. For example, reference can be made to the Applicant's prior publications 2005/0081871, 2014/0088522, 2017/0150810, 2017/0326020, 2019/0098977, 2019/0209077. According to the present disclosure, devices for treating the hair or scalp or both hair and scalp can be improved by including sensors that detect a precise location or proximity of the device in relation to the scalp and hair. A device with such sensors can use the information to control the treatment being delivered.

According to this disclosure, providing sensors renders more "intelligent" devices that can be programmed to adjust the treatment based on the location or proximity of the hair treatment device to the scalp or hair or whether the device is in actual contact with hair or scalp. Examples of hair and scalp treatment systems include, but are not limited to, scalp massagers, hair dryers, and dispensers for shampoo, bleach, coloring, and other formulations.

In one embodiment, a hair and scalp treatment system according to this disclosure is embodied in a hand-held, electrically powered device. The devices illustrated in the FIGURES are examples of a hair or scalp treatment system. However, previously known hair and scalp treatment devices can also be modified to have the intelligent functionality described herein. For example, the device 100a in FIGURE 1 shows comparatively large tines which can be used to dispense formulations, perform as a vacuum or blower, and provide light and electrostatic treatments. However, in other embodiments, the tines can be replaced with a brush-type head having bristles or a comb with teeth.

Individuals are washing hair with traditional wet water-based shampoo less and less frequently. A number of reasons can be offered for the reduction in this type of shampoo, such as preventing hair-loss and hair damage or saving time and energy. Dry shampoos are on the rise. People are trying to prolong time in-between salon visits to save money, leading to growing interest in tinted dry shampoos for root touch-up. Dry shampoos are primarily packaged in spray bottles. However, spray bottles create concerns about inhaling the product and unintentional spraying of the face, particularly the eyes. Spray bottles are imprecise in both spray direction and spray amount. Further, spray bottles are not appropriate when traveling or using public bathrooms. Dry shampoos do not clean the scalp and in fact can damage it. Nevertheless, there is a belief that caring for the scalp leads to healthy hair. 'Dry' methods of cleaning the scalp involve either brushing or preening to spread the oils onto hair. Scalp treatment and scalp-directed formulas can be applied via pipettes, foams or powders, and require manually parting your hair. Powders and foams get on hands. Dripping excessive product onto scalp can create runoff and greasy-looking hair. Reusable and closed-loop product design is a growing demand.

This disclosure relates to a device for cleansing hair that can be used with dry shampoo or other formulations, for example. Scalp and hair formulations exist for treating dandruff, hair-loss, stress reduction, itchiness, color and tint, oiliness, appearance, frizz, volume, shine, dryness, density, and more. However, more smart methods for applying formulations to the scalp and hair are needed.

In one embodiment, the device uses a brush- or comb-like architecture that relies on a combination of mechanical and chemical action to deposit desired formulations for cleansing, removing the formulations with unwanted particulates, and further provides additional cosmetic or health attributes. The comb-like action provides a familiar gesture easy to incorporate into current beauty and haircare routines. Further, the device can include hollow conductive tips arranged in a brush or comb configuration. The tips being conductive allows several options, for example, the conductive tips can be used with a micro-current generator, or the conductive tips can be used with an electrostatic charger to charge the scalp or hair with positive or negative charges that will attract hair formulations to the charged areas.

In one embodiment, the device is provided with tines or tips utilizing a hollow construction that allows more precise delivery of the formulation. In an embodiment, the tines and tips can be used to provide micro-currents or electrostatic charges to the scalp and hair. In an embodiment, the tips can be used as a contact sensor. In an embodiment, the tips can be used to measure impedance to determine moisture content.

In one embodiment, the device is shaped in the style of well-recognized familiar hair appliances to inspire trust and confidence in the device leading to intuitive use and gestures when using the device.

Referring to FIGURES 1 to 5, one embodiment of the device 100a includes a handle 104 connected to a substantially cylindrical section 138. The handle 104 is connected to the device 100a at an obtuse angle with respect to the front end of the device 100a. The handle 104 helps balance the device weight for more comfortable use and easier control. The control buttons can also be located on the handle.

Referring to FIGURE 3, at the back side, the device 100a can include a smaller diameter cylindrical shaped housing 136 that accepts a removable cartridge 102 containing a hair or scalp treatment formulation. The cartridge 102 can be configured to be a re-fillable cartridge or a disposable cartridge. In one embodiment, the device 100a can be configured to hold more than one cartridges 102, wherein each cartridge can be filled with a different formulation for a different treatment. Alternatively, some applications may use two or more different formulations that require applying both formulations to achieve the intended affect.

Forward from the rear housing 136, the device 100a exterior shape increases step- wise to a larger outer diameter portion 138 compared to the housing 136 diameter. In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a body structure that has a substantially cylindrical or minimally tapered conical portion 138 from the back end to about the middle of the device length. In one embodiment, the handle 104 connects to the back side of portion 138. Then, proximally from the cylindrical or minimally conical portion 138, the device 100a takes on a more pronounced conical or decreasing elliptical shape 140 in the top to bottom plane (i.e., viewed from left or right side), from about the middle of the device 100a to about a third or fourth of the device length. However, in the side-to-side plane (i.e., viewed from top or bottom) the device 100a does not taper as much so as to be able to accommodate three tines in the side-to-side plane. As described herein, the tines 108 can be replaced with tips arranged in either a brush or comb configuration.

Then, distally from the smaller end of the conical or elliptical shape 140, the device 100a has a transition portion 142 that forms one or more dispensing tines 108 at the front end, so that each tine 108 is separate from the other tines. Although tines 108 are illustrated in connection with a hair or scalp treatment system, the device 100a can be configured as a brush or comb.

Referring to FIGURES 2 and 5, each tine 108 has a gradually decreasing conical shape from the initial connection at the transition portion 142 section to the end of the tine 108 in both the side to side plane and the top to bottom plane.

In FIGURE 5, the tines 108 are shown having a rounded tip when viewed from the bottom (or top) plane. However, in FIGURE 3, the tines 108 are shown to have a flat area or chamfer at the bottom of the tine 108 at the front end when viewed from the side plane, resulting in a truncated rounded shape. The rounded tips of the tines 108 can part the hair for better access to the scalp and hair roots. The rounded tines 108 include "agitation bumps" and the chamfered angle for cleansing and massaging action.

In FIGURE 5, the chamfered section of the tines 108 has openings 130 for dispensing one or more formulations. In one embodiment, openings 130 can be static, meaning the spray or dispensing direction is set and cannot be adjusted. In one embodiment, the openings 130 can be directional, meaning the spray or dispensing direction can be controlled. For example, the openings 130 can be provided on a swivel ball that is controlled through micro-actuators. In one embodiment, multiple openings can be provided, wherein each opening is oriented in a different direction, and the formulation is dispensed from the selected opening in the preferred orientation.

In one embodiment, controlling the direction of dispensing formulation allows also to apply the formulation in a pattern, such as back-and-forth "brushstroke" or circular patterns, for example. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 can control the form in which the formulation is dispensed. For example, the formulation can be sprayed in different shaped patterns, such as flat fan versus cone, wide spray versus narrow, solid spray versus hollow, and stream versus mist. In one embodiment, the formulation is dispensed via adjustable conical nozzles that move forwards and backwards around a center stem to adjust the pattern of spray. In one embodiment, the formulation can be dispensed as a liquid. In one embodiment, the formulation can be atomized and dispensed as a mist. Additionally, the chamfered section of tines 108 has openings 132 that lead to a vacuum system for collecting the used formulation with any debris or oils removed from the hair. In one embodiment, the openings 132 can be used for supplying heated air so that the device 100a functions as a hair drier.

In the illustrated embodiment, each tine 108 is shown having openings 130 for dispensing and openings 132 for vacuuming. However, in one embodiment, there can be dedicated tines that only have openings for dispensing formulation and dedicated tines that only have openings used for vacuum. In one embodiment, there can be multiple openings on each tine 108 to provide for dispensing different formulations from the same tine. This can be advantageous where two formulations work together to achieve the intended affect. In one embodiment, each opening can be dedicated to a different formulation. In one embodiment, the device 100a is provided with three tines 108 for even cleansing coverage. The angle of the handle 104 and the tine 108 length allows users to reach all areas of the scalp and hair.

In one embodiment, the device 100a includes an electrostatic treatment system. In one embodiment, the purpose of the electrostatic system is to charge a portion of the scalp or hair or both by induction or contact. In one embodiment, an electrode 150 is placed at the tips of the tines 108. The electrode 150 can also electrostatically charge the hair formulation droplets as they are dispensed from the openings 130. The charged hair formulation will then become attracted or repelled, according to the particular charges produced, to the target areas of the scalp or the hair. The electrode 150 is electrically connected to an electrostatic charger. In one embodiment, the electrode 150 may be surrounded by electrically insulating material. In one embodiment, the device 100a can have multiple hair and scalp treatment systems. The device 100a is also provided with one or more sensors, including contact sensors, proximity sensors, accelerometers, and the like. The sensors provide input to a controller, which then controls the output of the one or more hair and scalp treatment systems based on the information provided by the sensors.

Referring to FIGURE 6, the device 100a is represented schematically to illustrate the use of sensors with the hair and scalp treatment systems. The device 100a can have one or more treatment systems including, but not limited to, a formulation dispenser 112, an electrostatic charger 152, a vacuum and collector system 114, a blower and heater system 144, a light treatment system 146, and a haptic vibrating massager 158. In one embodiment, the device 100a may include the above-mentioned treatment systems, only one of the treatment systems, or a combination of more than one treatment systems.

In one embodiment, the device 100a can be powered by alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). In one embodiment, the device 100a is powered through common household alternating current that relies on an electrical cord (not shown) to supply power to the device 100a. In one embodiment, the device 100a is powered through direct current, such as a rechargeable battery that can be charged by plugging into a household alternating current outlet. A direct current powered device 100a allows the device to be used without staying or standing in proximity to an electrical outlet.

In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a formulation dispenser 112. In one embodiment, the formulation is stored in a replaceable or refillable cartridge 102. Cartridges 102 can be removable from the device 100a either to be re-filled or for disposal and replacement with a new full cartridge. Once emptied, a cartridge 102 can be replaced with a new cartridge filled with the same or different formulation or the cartridge can be refilled with the same or different formulation. As seen in FIGURE 1, the cartridge 102 is inserted through the back side of the device 100a. The cartridge 102 is connected to supply the scalp or hair formulation to the dispenser 112. In one embodiment, the device 100a can hold multiple cartridges, wherein each cartridge is filled with a different formulation, which can be dispensed to effect different treatments and to different regions of the scalp and hair.

In one embodiment, the cartridge 102 has a product identification tag 154 (FIGURE 1) that can convey instructions for operation of the device 100a based on the specific formulation contained in the cartridge 102. The device 100a may include a product identification tag reader 156 (FIGURE 1) capable of reading the product identification tag 154 and processing the encoded signals into instructions for operation and control of the device based on the particular formulation. Product dentification tags, include for example, bar codes, 2-D bar codes, RFID, and the like. The product identification tag is encoded with machine readable signals that convey the device settings for the particular formulation. Different formulations may have different device settings. For example, the product identification tags can include the heat or vacuum setting, and the dispenser setting from liquid to fine, medium, or coarse droplets. Different formulations can also be used for treating different regions of the scalp and hair. Different formulations may also be used to provide different treatments to the scalp and hair. In one embodiment, the product identification tag identifies the formulation in the cartridge 102 as a containing charged particles, which controls the device 100a to turn on the electrostatic charger 152, and the product identification tag further determines the electrostatic setting, such as the particular voltage and the polarity of negative or positive.

The dispenser 112 can dispense one or more formulations through the tines 108 (or brush bristles or comb) as a fine mist or liquid. In one embodiment, dispensing the formulations as a mist or liquid, allows the device to also change the viscosity of the formulation being dispensed. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 includes a compressor, pump, or ultrasonic wave generator to generate the mist from the formulation. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser 112, such dispenser 112 causes air or the formulation to flow at a high velocity which propels the formulation through a fine nozzle designed for misting at the opening 130. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser, a single dispenser 112 can be placed in the device 100a. Then, the outlet of a compressor or pump dispenser 112 is routed through a system of conduits to each of the tines 108 and exits from the nozzle at the openings 130.

In an embodiment, the dispenser 112 is an ultrasonic wave nebulizer having an ultrasonic wave generator in contact with the formulation where the frequency of the ultrasonic waves is sufficient to produce the mist. An ultrasonic wave nebulizer also includes a "mesh" nebulizer that has a vibrating mesh just touching the surface of the formulation to create the mist. Either form of ultrasonic wave nebulizer can use a piezoelectric element.

In one embodiment, the device 100a includes an electrostatic charger 152. An electrostatic charger can produce a positive or negative charge at a targeted area of the scalp or hair or both. The electrostatic charger 152 is connected via an electrical conductor to an electrode 150 on the end of one or more tines 108. Suitable electrodes 150 are electrically conductive and may include, for example, copper, nickel, stainless steel, aluminum, or any alloys thereof. Electrodes 150 may be insulated from surrounding areas by an electrically insulating material, such as plastics, elastomers, and the like.

As the device 100a is operated, the electrostatic charger 152 can produce a positive or a negative charge on the scalp or hair or both to attract or repel formulations to the charged areas. In one example, positively charged areas are created by repelling electrons from the areas, and in another example, negatively charged areas are created by attracting electrons to the areas. Electrostatic charging may be conducted by contact electrocharging, induction electrocharging, and the like. In one example, the electrode 150 is connected to a high voltage source to induce the electrostatic positive or negative charges.

In another example, hair formulations are charged while passing by the charging electrode 150. Negatively charged hair formulation droplets are attracted towards the target which can be at a lower potential.

In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a vacuum system 114 having a vacuum generating motor and collector. In one embodiment, a motor can be a variable speed motor. The motor induces a stream of air to enter through the openings 132 at the tines 108. The stream of air can carry the used formulation along with any debris and oils washed out of the hair by the formulation, which then gets captured by the collector, and the air is expelled out of the device 100a. In one embodiment, the collector includes an annular vent 134 placed at the back of the device 100a and encircling the cartridge 102 (FIGURE 4). The vent 134 allows the stream of air to exit the device 100a, while the used and debris become trapped in the collector. In one embodiment, the collector is removable from the device 100a and is dishwasher safe so as to allow cleaning in a dishwasher. In one embodiment, the surface of the collector, which contacts the used formulation, is coated with a hydrophobic or hydrophilic material to facilitate cleaning of the collector.

In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a blower and heater system 144. In one embodiment, the device 100a may function as a hair dryer. The blower and heater system 144 may utilize the vacuum motor configured to rotate in the opposite direction. Where a vacuum is produced to take in air through the tines 108, the blower and heater system 144 is configured to blow air out through the tines 108. When operating as a blower, impeller vanes cause a stream of air to exit through the openings 132 at the tines 108. Before exiting, the stream of air can first be passed over a resistance heater coil. The temperature of the air can be increased or decreased by controlling the current that is applied to the heater coil. The air being expelled at the tines can enter the impeller vanes through the annular vent 134 placed at the back of the device 100a.

In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a light treatment system 146. In one embodiment, the light treatment system includes one or more light-emitting diodes 146 (LEDs) capable of producing light over a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In one embodiment, light therapy has been used on the scalp to treat a skin condition. In one embodiment, light therapy has been used to stimulate the cells of hair follicles. However, light therapy can have other benefits. In one embodiment, the light therapy is performed by light-emitting diodes 146 (LEDs) that are capable of producing electromagnetic energy in a wide range of wavelengths (either at individual wavelengths, such as a laser LED, or at multiple wavelengths in a wide range). The intensity of the light produced by the LED can be varied by controlling the current, for example.

In one embodiment, the LEDs 146 include one or more Group III-V (GaAs) based LEDs that are capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths in a range spanning from green visible light to near infrared. In one embodiment, the LEDs 146 include one or more Group Ill-nitride blue LED solid state emitters that are capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths in a range spanning from ultraviolet to blue visible light.

In one embodiment, the wavelength output of the LEDs 146 includes one or more gallium-indium-nitrogen (GalnN) LEDs that have a wavelength output of about 360-370nm. In other embodiments, the LEDs 146 emit electromagnetic energy in a range of wavelengths from about 200 nm to about 2000 nm, which includes wavelengths in the ultraviolet range (about 350nm) and near infrared (about 1200nm).

In one embodiment, the use of different LEDs that produce different wavelength light can be used to provide for different treatments to the scalp and hair.

In one embodiment the device 100a includes a haptic system 158. The haptic system may include a vibratory massager. In one embodiment, a haptic vibrating massager can include an electric motor that rotates an eccentrically placed weight that produces vibrations according to the speed of rotation. In one embodiment, the vibrating haptic massager can include an electromagnetic coil and permanent magnet that produces vibrations according to the cycles of the electricity source. Additionally, other technologies may be used in the haptic system 158 to produce a type of haptic actuation or sensation producing affects including ceramic piezoelectric actuators, Shape Memory Alloy and Shape Memory Polymer actuators, electrostatic forces, electroactive polymer actuators, piezoelectric motor actuators, and pneumatic actuators.

In one embodiment, the device 100a includes one or more sensors. In one embodiment, one or more sensors are used for measuring one of device distance in relation to scalp or hair, device speed, or device direction. In an embodiment, speed and direction are used for detecting a back-and-forth "brushstroke" technique. In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a contact sensor 160. A contact sensor 160 can indicate whether or not the tines 108, or brush, or comb, are in physical contact with skin and hair. In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a proximity sensor 162. A proximity sensor 162 can indicate the distance from the sensor to the surface of the skin and hair. In an embodiment, the contact sensor 160 and proximity sensor 162 can be placed at or near the end tip of one, more than one, or all tines 108 (or brush bristles or comb teeth). In one embodiment, the device includes one or more accelerometers 164. In one embodiment, the accelerometers 164 are two-axes and three-axes accelerometers that function to determine device 100a orientation or device 100a position in relation to the head and hair. For example, the device 100a is generally held in a different orientation when being used on the top of the head as opposed to the back, and the right and left sides. The two-axes and three-axes accelerometers 164 are used to track the orientation of the device 100a from which position can be determined. Although, the accelerometers 164 are illustrated on the tines 108, the accelerometers can be placed anywhere on the device 100a.

In one embodiment, the contact sensor 160 includes open or short detectors or dielectric sensors. An open detector can refer to an open circuit detector for detecting a broken (open) continuity in an electrical transmission. A short detector can refer to detection of low electrical resistance. A dielectric sensor is also referred to as a capacitance detector which can detect a change in dielectric permittivity. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 160 may be a sensor that detects contact or no contact of an individual tine 108 (or brush bristle or comb tooth). In one embodiment, the contact sensor 160 may indicate the amount of contact. An example of a contact sensor that can detect an amount of contact is a piezoelectric sensor.

In one embodiment, the proximity sensor 162 may be an optical sensor, such as an infrared sensor or camera or both camera and infrared sensors. In one embodiment, the infrared or camera sensors or both can be positioned at various locations throughout the device 100a. In one embodiment, the camera may be a semiconductor integrated circuit that converts light into images, such as a charge coupled device (CCD) or pixel sensors. An infrared sensor detects heat which is inversely proportional to the distance of the device from a heat source. However other examples of proximity sensors may be employed as well, such as a capacitive, ultrasonic, or Doppler sensors.

In one embodiment, the accelerometers 164 function to determine the device 100a position (or location in relation to the head), device 100a orientation, and motion of the device 100a. In one embodiment, accelerometers 164 may be used in combination with other sensors, including a geomagnetic sensor (i.e., compass) and a gyroscope. A gyroscope is a sensor that detects angular velocity about three axes and is able to detect the rotation of an object. In addition, the geomagnetic sensor is able to ascertain the heading in which the device 100a faces.

In one embodiment, the device 100a includes a controller 148. In one embodiment, the controller 148 is a digital device. The controller 148 may include one or more hardware circuits connected on a printed circuit board, or all of circuits may exist on a single chip. The controller 148 may include at least a microprocessor core and a memory. The hardware can be designed for use in small hand operated devices. The microprocessor may be implemented as multiple processors cooperatively working in parallel and series to perform instructions according to pre-programmed logic.

The controller 148 receives signals from sensors, such as the contact sensor 160, proximity sensor 162, and accelerometer(s) 164. Sensors 160, 162, 164 may include circuits that provide digital signals for storage and processing by the controller 148. In one embodiment, one or more sensor may send analog signals that are converted to digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter circuit before storage and processing by the controller 148.

The controller 148 may perform various operations based on one or more of the signals provided by the sensors. Additional information may also be available to the controller 148 such as clocks to count the passage of time and past data from the sensors.

The controller 148 converts and interprets the signals from the sensors to mean a spatial condition of the device 100a, for example, the signals can be interpreted to indicate contact or no contact with the device 100a, distance from device 100a, and location of device 100a in relation to the scalp and hair. Then, the controller 148 will perform certain pre-programmed instructions based on one or more of the signals. The instructions can be encoded in hardware or software. The instructions relate to whether and how to change the operation of one or more of the treatment systems based on the signals from the sensors.

In an embodiment, each treatment system 112, 152, 114, 144, and 146 has a treatment protocol that specifies what treatment should be provided based on the real-time spatial conditions of the device 100a. In this manner, the controller 148 sends command signals to the treatment system 112, 152, 114, 144, and 146 to adjust the treatment as the user moves the device 100a to different regions of the scalp and hair. The controller 148 bases its instructions on the current (in real-time) detected spatial conditions of the device 100a. Spatial conditions can relate to contact, distance, and location and orientation of the device 100a from the hair and scalp. Treatment protocols can be provided as any tabular data or functions that correlate a region or distance to scalp or hair with a treatment condition. For example, a hair dryer can be controlled to vary the air temperature proportional to the distance the device 100a is moved away from the hair. In such example, the treatment protocol would be air temperature as a function of distance or in tabular data, a table having a row for each temperature setting and a column for each distance setting, where the intersection of rows and columns provides the treatment temperature for the spatial condition (distance in this example). Treatment protocols for other treatment devices can be set up in a similar manner and based on other spatial conditions.

Instructions corresponding to each treatment protocol can be stored in any type of computer-readable medium or computer storage device and be stored on and executed by one or more microprocessors. Instructions may be stored in a high-speed memory such as a EEPROM, Flash memory, RAM, or other programmable non-volatile memory. Instructions can be written in a programming language, such as C, C++, COBOL, JAVA™, PHP, Perl, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, VBScript, ASPX, Microsoft .NET™, Go, and/or the like.

A treatment protocol for the dispenser 112 based on spatial conditions of the device 100a may include, for example, changing the character of the formulation being dispensed from being liquid to a mist depending on whether the formulation is being directed at the scalp or into the hair, or direction of the formulation being sprayed can be changed or stopped altogether by sensing the position of the device 100a in relation to the hair or not sensing any hair. The treatment protocol also considers the type of formulation to be dispensed, i.e., whether the formulation is a skin or scalp treatment or a hair treatment. When the device 100a holds more than one cartridges, the device 100a can be configured to dispense a different formulation based on detecting the device is moved from one location to another location where the treatment protocol calls for a different formulation to be dispensed at the second location.

A treatment protocol for the electrostatic charger 152 based on spatial conditions of the device 100a may include, changing the electrostatic parameters based on whether the device 100a is in contact with or within a maximum distance in relation to the scalp (skin) or hair. A treatment protocol for the vacuum 114 based on spatial conditions of the device 100a may include, reducing the force of the vacuum based on contact with the skin or scalp, increasing the vacuum the further the device 100a is moved away from the skin or scalp.

A treatment protocol for the blower heater 144 based on spatial conditions of the device 100a may include, reducing the force of the air and temperature based on contact with the skin or scalp and increasing the blowing force and temperature the further away the device 100a is moved away from the skin or scalp.

A treatment protocol for the light system 146 based on spatial conditions of the device 100a may include, turning on certain light therapies based on contact with the skin or contact with the hair, increase or decrease the power of the light therapy based on distance, or turn off the light therapy when no contact or a distance is exceeded beyond which light therapy is ineffective. In one embodiment, the different light emitting diodes may be illuminated based on detecting the device is moved from one location to another, and the treatment protocol calls for the different LEDs based on the second location.

FIGURE 7 is a flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of operation of the device 100a that changes or adjusts the operation of a hair or scalp treatment system based on the spatial conditions of the device 100a.

In one embodiment, in the start block 702, the device 100a may turn itself on when the device 100a detects that it has been picked up by a user by a signal from the accelerometer 164. From block 702, the device enters block 704.

In one embodiment, when the device 100a is used for more than one treatment, i.e., the device 100a has more than one treatment system 112, 152, 114, 144, 146, the user may select the treatment system in block 702. If the device 100a has a single treatment system, block 702 can be omitted. From block 704, the device 100a enters block 706.

In block 706, the device 100a reads the treatment protocol based on the selected treatment system. Here, "read" can mean to access or to store the treatment protocol in a manner that can be used by the controller 148. The treatment protocol can be stored in a memory of the controller 148. A treatment protocol specifies the treatment delivered by the treatment system based on the changing spatial conditions of the device. Spatial conditions can mean one or more condition to indicate contact or no contact with the device 100a, distance from device 100a, and location of device 100a in relation to the scalp and hair. A treatment system 112, 152, 114, 144, 146 may change the treatment being delivered by the treatment system in real-time based on device 100a contact, device 100a distance, and device 100a location relative to the scalp or hair. From block 706, the device enters block 708.

In block 708, the device 100a receives the sensor data in real-time and interprets the data to determine the spatial conditions of the device 100a. For example, the spatial conditions that can be determined from the sensors include contact or no contact with device 100a, device 100a distance to scalp and hair, and location of the device 100a in relation to the scalp or hair. From block 708, the device 100a enters block 710.

In block 710, the device 100a compares the current spatial conditions of the device 100a to the pre-programmed treatment protocol. From block 710, the device 100a enters block 712.

In block 712, the device 100a adjusts the treatment system according to the treatment protocol for the current spatial conditions of the device 100a. For example, if the selected treatment system is a formulation dispenser 112, the treatment protocol for the dispenser 112 may use a different setting or formulation for contact on the scalp (for hair roots) and a different dispensing setting or formulation the further away the device 100a is moved from the scalp. For example, the formulation can be dispensed as a liquid when the device 100a is in contact with the scalp, and with increasing distance from the scalp, the dispenser 112 reduces the amount or applies formulation as a finer and finer mist. The treatment protocol for the blower and heater 144 may call for minimum heat and airflow setting when contact with the scalp is detected, and the treatment protocol may call for temperature and airflow to gradually increase with increasing distance of the device 100a from the scalp or hair. The protocol for the light treatment system 146 may call for the LEDs only turn on when the device 100a is in contact with the scalp and turn off if no contact or a distance increases beyond the effective range of the light therapy. A treatment protocol for the LEDs may require that different wavelength LEDs are illuminated depending on the region of the scalp detected by the device. The instructions to change the treatment system come from the controller 148 which is in communication with each of the treatment systems.

When the device 100a is set down, such as no movement is detected for a predetermined amount of time, as determined by the accelerometers, the device 100a may reduce power or be in a stand-by mode.

Use of the device 100a minimally impacts the hair style, the overall shape of the device 100a is familiar to other hair appliances, such as a hair dryer, leading to simple intuitive use of the device 100a. Further, the device 100a does not require hand contact with hair formulations. The device 100a adds functionality to make operation more simple, tailor the treatment to the specific spatial location of the device will minimize waste and avoid dispersing mists into air where they may be inhaled.

FIGURES 8 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of the device 100b with a brush having tips 602, 1702 instead of the tines of FIGURES 1 to 5, where like numbers represent like parts. In one embodiment, the body style of the device 100b is similar to the body style of the device 100a and the differences are explained herein.

In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702 are arranged in concentric circles on the brush. In one embodiment, tips 602 and 1702 can perform the functions of the tines 108 and also have added functionality.

Referring to FIGURE 10, another embodiment of the device 100c is illustrated having the tips arranged in a comb configuration, where like numbers represent like parts. In one embodiment, the body style of the device 100c is similar to the body style of the device 100a 100b and the differences are explained herein In one embodiment, tips 802 for the comb configuration are similar in materials and construction as compared to the tips 602, 1702 illustrated in FIGURES 11, 12, 13, and 14, however, the difference being comb tips 802 can be arranged in a single row.

Referring to FIGURES 16 and 17, another embodiment of the device lOOd is illustrated having the tips arranged in an inline configuration with the body in contrast to FIGURES 8 and 9, where like numbers represent like parts. In one embodiment, the body style of the device lOOd is similar to the body style of the device 100a and the differences are explained herein

FIGURES 11, 12, 13, and 14 illustrate embodiments of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 that can be used in the multiple embodiments of the device 100b, 100c, and lOOd illustrated in the FIGURES 8, 9, 10, 16, and 17.

In an embodiment, the brush tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 are configured to be able to dispense two different formulations from the tips. In an embodiment, tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 have hollow chambers that extend the entire length of the tips. Tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 are at least one diameter in length. However, tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 can be constructed to be several diameters in length, so the width to length ratio can vary from 1 to 1 to 1 to 20 or more. The tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 can be flexible or non-flexible. The segregated chambers allow one or more formulations to be delivered through each chamber without mixing. The formulations can be segregated within the respective chambers until the time the formulations exit the chambers. The dispensing of formulations can be accomplished by constructing each of the chambers with openings along the length or only at the ends or both along the length and ends of the chambers.

In an embodiment, chambers are depicted as half-cylinders and full cylinders, but the chambers may take on any cross-sectional shape. Additionally, in an embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 and the first and second hollow chambers forming them can be electrically conductive so as to be configured as a positive and negative terminal to further provide micro-currents or electrostatic charging treatments to the scalp and hair. Further, conductive tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 have other uses when the first and second hollow chambers are connected to a positive and negative terminal of a power supply or the first and second hollow chambers are connected to a positive and negative sensing terminal.

In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 do not need to conductive, but the multi-cylinder construction can still be useful if the application involves mixing formulations or dispensing formulations and vacuuming onto a small, controlled target area on the scalp.

Referring to FIGURE 11, in one embodiment, the tip 602 is constructed as joining a first hollow half cylinder 604 to a second hollow half cylinder 606 along the length direction. The first 604 and second 606 half cylinders can be made from an electrically conductive material. In one embodiment, the first 604 and second 606 half cylinders are separated by an electrical insulator 608. Here, although the overall shape of the tip 602 is of a "cylinder," according to this disclosure the tip 602 can have any cross-sectional shape, including oblong, rectangular, square, or any other polygon.

FIGURE 11 further illustrates that tips 602 can have openings 904 on the exterior circumference. The hollow half cylinder 604 has first openings 904 along a length of the exterior, and the hollow half cylinder 606 has second openings 906 along a length of the exterior. In one embodiment, the openings 904, 906 can be made by laser-cutting holes (perforations) along the length of tip 602.

In one embodiment, tips 602 can omit openings along the length of the tips, and the tips 602 are provided with openings only at the very ends so as to use the tips 602 for treatment of the scalp. In this way, two different formulations can be delivered from tips 602 via the half cylinder 604 and the half cylinder 606. In one embodiment, the end of the tips 602 include a perforated flat or domed disk having small openings 610 in the first half cylinder 604 and openings 612 in the second half cylinder 606. In one embodiment, instead of a disk, the half cylinders 604 and 606 can be completely open at the end. Either construction allows dispensing formulation from the ends or along the length of the tips 602 or both along the length and ends of the tips 602.

In one embodiment, the first hollow half cylinder 604 and the second 606 hollow half cylinder are made from a conductive material such as metal. In one embodiment, one of the first 604 or second 606 half cylinder will be designated a positive conductor terminal and the other half cylinder will be designated a negative conductor terminal.

In one embodiment, the first 604 and second 606 hollow chambers are made from or could be embedded with a shape memory or piezoelectric material that can be actuated by an electric current to control a direction of movement of the tips 602.

Referring to FIGURE 12, in one embodiment, the tip 1702 is constructed by inserting a first hollow small diameter cylinder 1704 into a second hollow larger diameter cylinder 1706. In one embodiment, the first cylinder 1704 is coaxial with the second cylinder 1706. The first cylinder 1704 may be called the inner cylinder and the second cylinder 1706 may be called the outer cylinder. Here, although the tip 1702 is in the shape of a "cylinder," according to this disclosure a tip can have any cross-sectional shape, including oblong, rectangular, square, or any other polygon.

In one embodiment, the first cylinder 1704 and the second 1706 cylinder are made from a conductive material such as metal. In one embodiment, the exterior of the first smaller cylinder 1704 can be coated with an insulator. An insulator is optional if the first 1704 and second 1706 cylinders cannot be electrically isolated from each other. In one embodiment, one of the first 1704 or second 1706 cylinders will be designated a positive conductor terminal and the other cylinder will be designated a negative conductor terminal.

In one embodiment, the first 1704 and second 1706 hollow chambers are made from or could be embedded with a shape memory or piezoelectric material that can be actuated by an electric current to control a direction of movement of the tips 1702.

In one embodiment, the chambers in a dual-chamber construction of tips 602, 1702 could be made of or embed a shape memory or piezoelectric materials that actuate in opposing directions from one another, allowing for plus and/or minus actuation about a center position depending on which chamber is activated. These materials can exist as polymers, ceramics, and alloys, for example. In one embodiment, the shape memory and piezoelectric materials can be fabricated as coils, and do not necessarily have to be hollow chambers. Coils can be effective for actuating the tips vertically along the Z axis (i.e., in the axial direction of the coil). Electrical actuation of the shape memory and piezoelectric materials is via an AC or DC power source having a positive and negative terminal connected to the shape memory or piezoelectric material.

In FIGURE 12, the inner cylinder 1704 has first openings 1004 that appear on the exterior of outer cylinder 1706; however, openings 1004 can be connected passing through the outer cylinder 1706, so that openings are closed off to the outer cylinder 1706, for example, by tubes that lead to the inner cylinder 1704. The outer cylinder 1706 has second openings 1006 along a length of the exterior, wherein openings 1006 only connect to the interior of the outer cylinder 1706. In an embodiment, the inner cylinder 1704 and outer cylinder 1706 are not coaxial with each other, but, the inner cylinder 1704 may be placed against the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1706, thus, the openings from the inner cylinder 1704 may only need to traverse the wall of the outer cylinder 1706, thus, avoiding the need to connect openings via tubes. An insulator may need to be interposed between the inner 1704 and outer 1706 cylinders for electrical isolation. In either construction, two different formulations can be delivered from tips 1702 via the inner 1704 and outer cylinder 1706.

In one embodiment, the openings 1004, 1006 can be made by laser-cutting holes (perforations) along the length of tip 1702.

In one embodiment, the end of the tips 1702 include a perforated flat or domed disk having small openings 1710 in the first inner cylinder 1704 and openings 1708 in the second outer cylinder 1706. In an embodiment, instead of a disk, the inner and outer cylinders 1704 and 1706 can be completely open at the end. Either construction allows dispensing formulation from the ends or along the length of the tips 1702 or both along the length and ends of the tips.

In one embodiment, when the tips 602 and 1702 are made from conductive materials, one of the cylinders 604 or 606 and 1704 or 1706 of each of the tips 602 and 1702 may serve as a positive terminal and the other to act as a negative terminal for the conduction of electrical charges. This allows powering devices, such a LEDs or sensors.

FIGURE 13 illustrates a tip 1100, similar to tip 602 in construction, made from an electrically conductive first hollow half cylinder 1104 placed side-by-side, but electrically isolated, to an electrically conductive second hollow half cylinder 1106, wherein first half cylinder 1104 is designated as a positive or negative terminal, and the second half cylinder 1106 is the terminal of opposite polarity as the first half cylinder 1104. An electrically insulating material or coating can be added between the first 1104 and second 1106 hollow half cylinders for electrical isolation. A power source is connected to the first 1104 and second 1106 half cylinders. In one embodiment, this allows placing one or more lightemitting diodes 1102 at the end of the tip or other locations that is powered by the two half cylinder serving as terminals by being in contact with the positive and negative terminals.

FIGURE 14 illustrates a tip 1200, similar to tip 1702 in construction, made from an electrically conductive first hollow inner cylinder 1204 placed inside or coaxially within an electrically conductive second hollow outer cylinder 1206, wherein first inner cylinder 1204 is a positive or negative terminal, and the second outer cylinder 1106 is the terminal of opposite polarity to the first cylinder 1204. An electrically insulating material or coating can be added between the first 1204 and second 1206 hollow cylinders for electrical isolation. A power source is connected to the first inner 1204 and second outer 1206 cylinders. In one embodiment, this allows placing one or more light-emitting diodes 1202 at the end of the tip or other locations that is powered by the two cylinders serving as terminals by being in contact with the positive and negative terminals.

In one embodiment, depending on the power of the LEDs 1102 and 1202, thermal dissipation can be absorbed (heatsinked) by the conductive material of the cylinders 1104, 1106, 1204, and 1206.

In one embodiment, when the LEDs 1102 and 1202 are placed at the end of the tips, the LEDs can deliver more energy to the scalp compared to being placed at the base of the tips or when the LED light is delivered through a long fiber-optic path.

In one embodiment, the LEDs 1102 and 1202 can be used for treatment, curing formula, or indicating device status (i.e., operational mode or charging status).

LEDs can be any type of a single wavelength (laser LED) or of a range of wavelengths. In one embodiment, LEDs 1102, 1202 are capable of producing light over a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In one embodiment, light therapy has been used on the scalp to treat a skin condition. In one embodiment, light therapy has been used to stimulate the cells of hair follicles. The intensity of the light produced by the LEDs 1102, 1202 can be varied by controlling the current, for example.

In one embodiment, the LEDs 1102, 1202 include one or more Group III-V (GaAs) based LEDs that are capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths in a range spanning from green visible light to near infrared. In one embodiment, the LEDs 1102, 1202 include one or more Group III-nitnde blue LED solid state emitters that are capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths in a range spanning from ultraviolet to blue visible light.

In one embodiment, the wavelength output of the LEDs 1102, 1202 includes one or more gallium-indium-nitrogen (GalnN) LEDs that have a wavelength output of about 360-370nm. In other embodiments, the LEDs 1102, 1202 emit electromagnetic energy in a range of wavelengths from about 200 nm to about 2000 nm, which includes wavelengths in the ultraviolet range (about 350nm) and near infrared (about 1200nm).

Referring to FIGURE 15, one embodiment of the device 100b is represented schematically to illustrate the main components, wherein like numbers represent like parts described herein.

In one embodiment, the device 100b includes a power supply 118. The device 100b can be powered by alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). In one embodiment, the device 100b is powered through common household alternating current that relies on an electrical cord (not shown) to supply power to the device 100b. In one embodiment, the device 100b is powered through direct current, such as a rechargeable battery that can be charged by plugging into a household alternating current outlet. A direct current powered device 100b allows the device to be used without staying or standing in proximity to an electrical outlet.

In one embodiment, the device 100b includes a formulation dispenser 112 as described above.

In one embodiment, the cartridge 102 has a product identification tag 154 (FIGURE 1) that can convey instructions for operation of the device 100b based on the specific formulation contained in the cartridge 102. The device 100b may include a product identification tag reader 156 (FIGURE 1) capable of reading the product identification tag 154 and processing the encoded signals into instructions for operation and control of the device based on the particular formulation. In addition to the description above, product identification tags can also include the dispenser pattern formation, such as flat fan versus cone, wide versus narrow, solid versus hollow, stream versus mist.

In one embodiment, hair formulations the include cationic, anionic, or zwitterionic polymers and surfactants can be used to provide a charge to formulations that can interact with hair or scalp. In one embodiment, hair formulations can be charged with other materials, such as, chelating agents that can also function to complex molecules that impede charged interactions between charged materials and their interactions with the hair fiber to allow for more efficient charged interactions to occur.

Given that hair holds a charge (typically negative at neutral pH), this charge can be influenced by the presence of charged materials (such as the ones mentioned above) in formulation as they are applied to hair allowing for better and more efficient attraction/deposit or repulsion and aided removal.

The dispenser 112 can dispense one or more formulations through the tines 108 and tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, 1200 as a fine mist or liquid or any form in-between. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 includes a compressor, pump, or ultrasonic wave generator to generate a mist from the formulation. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser 112, such dispenser 112 causes air or the formulation to flow at a high velocity which propels the formulation through a fine nozzle designed for misting at the opening 130. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser, a single dispenser 112 can be placed in the device 100b. Then, the outlet of a compressor or pump dispenser 112 is routed through a system of conduits to each of the tines 108 and exits from the nozzle at the openings 130.

In an embodiment, the dispenser 112 is an ultrasonic wave nebulizer that generates a mist or vapor to dispense the formulation. This has the advantage of gentle dispersion of the formulation to reduce the amount of waste and improves control of coverage. In one embodiment, the nebulizer uses an ultrasonic wave generator that is in contact with the formulation where the frequency of the ultrasonic waves is sufficient to produce the mist. An ultrasonic wave nebulizer also includes a "mesh" nebulizer that has a vibrating mesh just touching the surface of the formulation to create the mist. Either form of ultrasonic wave nebulizer can use a piezoelectric element.

In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 operates by depressing the switch 106 (FIGURES 1 and 2). In one embodiment, the switch 106 is placed on the front side of upper part of the handle 104 to allow operation with the index finger. In one embodiment, the switch 106 is a momentary switch with the default position being the off position. A momentary switch only needs to be activated once, regardless of length of activation, to dispense a measured amount of formulation. Keeping a momentary switch 106 depressed longer does not dispense more formulation beyond the pre-measure amount. In another embodiment, the switch 106 is an on-off switch that starts and stops the dispenser 112 based on opening and closing the switch. In one embodiment, the device 100b includes an electrostatic charger 152. An electrostatic charger can produce a positive or negative charge at a targeted area of the scalp or hair or both. The electrostatic charger 152 is connected via an electrical conductor to an electrode 150 on the end of one or more tines 108, or in the case of tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 to one of the electrically conductive cylinders. Suitable conductive materials for the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 may include, for example, copper, nickel, stainless steel, aluminum, or any alloys thereof.

In one embodiment, the device 100b includes a micro-current generator 1158. A micro-current generator 1158 provides a voltage across a positive terminal and a negative terminal (GND) to administer small amounts of current (micro-current) within a given range of frequencies to a region of skin or scalp. In one embodiment, the amount and frequency of electrical stimulus can be within the range of naturally-occurring electrical processes in tissues and cells. Micro-current therapy has been used to stimulate hair growth, heal injured tissues, and skin rejuvenation through stimulation of collagen and increased blood flow, for example. In one embodiment, generation of micro-currents is provided by a waveform generator. The controller 148 sends a modulated wave signal setting the amplitude, frequency, and polarity of the desired micro-current.

In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 are connected to microcurrent generator 1158. The tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 being made from conductive materials allows one of the cylinders of the tips to act as a positive terminal, which can be used to provide the micro-currents to the scalp, where the scalp acts as a ground (GND) path, which also includes the skin and tissue between the scalp and a negative terminal placed so as to be in contact with the hand, such as on the handle 104 of the device 100b. In one embodiment, micro-currents can be administered between multiple tips, where one tip acts as the positive terminal and the other tip acts as the GND terminal.

In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 being made from conductive materials also allows the tips to act as sensors. In one embodiment, one of the cylinders of each of the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 can act as a positive terminal, while a second cylinder of the same or different tip acts as a negative terminal. In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between any positive terminal and any negative terminal to determine scalp moisture level at a specific point or over a more general region.

In one embodiment, impedance can be measured from different tips to determine scalp moisture level across wider regions. In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between the positive terminal or negative terminal and the scalp (via a conductive return path to handle) to determine if the tip is in contact with scalp (skin). This is useful if the application requires scalp contact; for instance, in a formula treatment and vacuuming system, where the scalp is being treated and the vacuum is at risk of vacuuming hair if the device is not operating directly on the scalp.

In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 are connected to electrostatic charger 152. In one embodiment, the electrostatic charger 152 is used to produce a positive or a negative charge on the scalp or hair or both to attract or repel formulations to the charged areas. The tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 being conductive allows the tips to act as electrodes. In one example, positively charged areas are created by repelling electrons from the areas, and in another example, negatively charged areas are created by attracting electrons to the areas. Electrostatic charging may be conducted by contact electrocharging, induction electrocharging, and the like.

In another example, formulations are charged while passing within the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200. Negatively charged hair formulation droplets are attracted towards the target which can be at a lower potential.

In one embodiment, the device 100b includes a vacuum system 114 having a vacuum generating motor and collector 116. In one embodiment, a motor can be a variable speed motor. The vacuum motor 114 is connected to impeller vanes that cause a stream of air to enter through the vacuum inlet openings 132 at the tines 108, or in the case of tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200, one of the cylinders can be used for vacuum. The motor induces a stream of air to enter through the openings 132 at the tines 108, or one of the cylinders of the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200. The stream of air can carry the used formulation along with any debris and oils washed out of the hair by the formulation, which then gets captured by a collector 116, and the air is expelled out of the device 100b. In one embodiment, the collector 116 includes an annular vent placed at the back of the device 100b. The vent allows the stream of air to exit the device 100b, while the used and debris become trapped in the collector 116.

In one embodiment, the vacuum motor 114 is operated by the multi-positional, multi-functional, selector switch 110 (FIGURE 4). A selector switch 110 can be a slide switch or a dial switch with more than two positions, or a push button switch with more than two positions, for example. In one embodiment, a vacuum selector switch 110 includes settings for off and more than one vacuum speed setting, such as high and low. In one embodiment, the vacuum switch 110 is placed on the back side of lower part of the handle 104 to allow operation with the thumb, for example. The vacuum switch 110 can be isolated for uninterrupted vacuum. Light-emitting diodes 118 can be used to light up the selected position. The selector switch 110 remains in the selected position until moved to another position. In one embodiment, a momentary switch can replace the selector switch, wherein the default position of the momentary switch is the off position, and the momentary switch has to be depressed to start the vacuum motor. In one embodiment, the device 100b includes both a vacuum selector switch and momentary switch, wherein the momentary switch is used to operate the vacuum motor when depressed, and at the speed setting on the selector switch.

In one embodiment, the device 100b includes a controller 148. In one embodiment, the controller 148 is a digital device. The controller 148 may include one or more hardware circuits connected on a printed circuit board, or all of circuits may exist on a single chip. The controller 148 may include at least a microprocessor core and a memory. The hardware can be designed for use in small hand operated devices. The microprocessor may be implemented as multiple processors cooperatively working in parallel and series to perform instructions according to pre-programmed logic.

Instructions to control the dispenser 112, electrostatic charger 152, micro-current generator 1158, and vacuum 114 can be stored in the controller memory. A memory is any type of computer-readable medium or computer storage device that can be accessed and used by one or more microprocessors to carry out the instructions. Instructions may be stored in a high-speed memory such as a EEPROM, Flash memory, RAM, or other programmable non-volatile memory.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 communicates with the dispenser 112, electrostatic charger 152, micro-current generator 1158, and the vacuum 114. The controller 148 can also read the information provided on cartridges 102 to give instructions to the dispenser 112 and electrostatic charger 152 that are specific to the formulation. The controller 148 can configure one or more of the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 to be electrically connected to the micro-current generator 1158 and electrostatic charger 152. The controller 148 can configure one or more of the tips 602, 1702, 802, 1100, and 1200 to be connected to the dispenser 112 to deliver formulation in the desired form and amount. The controller can control the LEDs 1102 and 1202 to operate at the designated power and wavelength.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 can connect one or more of the tips to act as positive and negative terminals of the micro-current generator 1158.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 can connect one or more of the tips to act as the electrodes for the electrostatic charger 152.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 can connect one or more of the tips to the positive terminal of the micro-current generator 1158, and the scalp (skin) is part of the ground path to the negative terminal located on the device 100b.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 can calculate the impedance between a positive and negative terminal of any one or more of the tips.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 uses the impedance to determine whether the tips are in contact with the scalp. In one embodiment, the controller 148 can turn off the vacuum 114 or not allow the vacuum to be turned on when it is determined that one or more tips are not in contact with the scalp.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 can use a measure of the impedance to determine the moisture of one or more regions on the scalp.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 can turn on the LEDs 1102 and 1202 based on pre-determined instructions. For example, some formulations may call for applying light in a certain wavelength. The controller 148 may be used control the LEDs 1102 and 1202 to provide a light therapy treatment. The controller 148 has instructions for determining the wavelength and power to be applied for the light therapy.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 can control the amount of formulation that is dispensed by the dispenser 112. For example, the controller 148 can turn on a pump or compressor for a predetermined amount of time that correlates to a specific amount of formulation. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 uses a positive displacement pump, therefore, the volume displaced for each rotation of the pump can be measured with an encoder. When the rotations of the pump equal the volume of formulation to be dispensed, the controller 148 can turn off the pump.

Use of the device 100b is instinctive, the overall shape of the device 100b is familiar to users other hair appliances, such as a hair dryer, leading to simple intuitive use of the device 100b. The device 100b can improve on current use of aerosol dry shampoos. The device 100b dispenses a controlled amount of formulation so that as the user combs or brushes their hair, the formulation glides onto and into the hair. The device 100b contrasts with an aerosol spray can that sprays more than is needed and produces a large cloud that covers an area well outside the user's head.

FIGURES 16 and 17 are illustrations of one embodiment of the device lOOd which can be fitted with a plurality of different tips. The device lOOd is useful for cleansing hair that can be used with dry shampoo formulations that has additional functionality through the individual activation of tips for dispensing, sensing, massaging, and other uses . In one embodiment, the device lOOd uses a brush- or comb-like architecture that relies on a combination of mechanical and chemical action to deposit desired formulations for cleansing, removing the formulations with unwanted particulates, and further provides additional cosmetic or health attributes. The intuitive action provides a familiar gesture easy to incorporate into current beauty and haircare routines. Further, the device lOOd can include various types of hollow conductive or non-conductive tips (602, 1702, 1100, or 1200) arranged in a brush or comb configuration. A brush configuration is shown in the FIGURES, however, the device lOOd can be configured with tips in a comb configuration, i.e., a single row. However, the tips arranged in a brush configuration allows various advantages, such as individual actuation of the tips for applying one or more treatments, dispensing, or massaging using only some, but not all, tips.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes massaging tips individually controlled in XYZ motions by a actuator. The tips individually dispense a precisely measured volume of scalp product only upon contact with your scalp (through use of open/short or dielectric skin contact sensors). Individually activated tips spray hair product (dry shampoo or color tint) in tightly controlled formations (i.e., in a flat fan formation). Personalized scalp and hair products are stored in swappable cartridges. The addition of a camera can diagnose scalp and hair conditions related hair density, tone, and dryness. The addition of EEDs can further treat hair, facilitate camera imaging, and be used for formula curing.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd releases hair and/or scalp product as a vapor cloud (mist) either through ultrasound (similar to a household humidifier). The more gentle dispersion of the product reduces the amount of waste and improves control of coverage. This solution contrasts with an aerosol spray can that sprays more than is needed and produces a large cloud that covers an area well outside the user's head. In one embodiment, the multi-use device 1100 has individually controlled tips for dispensing formulation and other uses is described.

In one embodiment, each tip is constructed as a joining of a first half-cylinder as a positive conductor and a second half-cylinder as a negative conductor, separated by a non- conductive gasket. Purely in terms of geometry, each tip is a cylindrical chamber split lengthwise into two or more isolated chambers, or two or more isolated cylinders affixed to each other lengthwise.

In one embodiment, a tip acting as a positive terminal can be used to provide additional functionality to the tips. In one embodiment, micro-currents can be provided to the scalp, where the scalp acts as the GND path which also includes the skin and tissue between the scalp and a negative terminal placed so as to be in contact with the hand, such as on the handle 104 of the device lOOd. Tips can provide micro-currents to the scalp, where the scalp acts as a conductive path between any positive terminal and any negative terminal. Alternatively, micro-currents can be administered between multiple tips, where one tip acts at the positive source and the other acts as GND.

In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between the positive and negative terminals to determine scalp moisture level. Alternatively, impedance can be measured between multiple tips to determine scalp moisture level across wider regions. Impedance can be measured between the positive terminal or negative terminal and scalp (via return path to handle) to determine if a tip is in contact with scalp (skin). This is useful if the application requires scalp contact; for instance, in a formula treatment with vacuuming system, where the scalp is the treatment target and the vacuum is at risk of vacuuming hair if it's not operating directly on the scalp.

A LED can be placed at the end of the tip and powered by the two terminals. If the LED is powerful, thermal dissipation can be absorbed (heatsinked) by the conductive material. A LED at the far end of the tip will deliver more energy to the scalp than if it is at the base and/or delivered through a long fiber-optic path. The LED can be used for treatment, curing formula, or indicating device status (i.e., operational mode or charging status).

A series of laser-cut holes (perforations) along the length of tip can be used to deliver formulations to the scalp and/or hair. Alternatively, individual openings at the very end of the tip can be used if only the scalp is targeted. The functions of the tips and their split conduction halves can be dynamically controlled and reassigned by a central integrated circuit within the primary body of the brush device. Even if the tip is not made of conductive materials, the 'two or more cylinder' construction can be useful if the application involves mixing formulas or dispensing formula with vacuuming onto a small, controlled target area on the scalp.

In one embodiment, the tips being conductive allows several options, for example, the conductive tips can be used with a micro-current generator, or the conductive tips can be used as a sensing instrument to detect skin contact, or the conductive tips can be used to power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for light therapy, or the conductive tips can be used to provide vibration in one to three axes.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd is provided with tips utilizing a hollow construction that allows more precise delivery of formulations. For example, formulations can be dispensed from only those tips to form a certain spray pattern. In one embodiment, the conductive tips are made from more than one hollow chambers extending the length of the tips that allow dispensing one or more formulations through the tips. In one embodiment, the tips are non-conductive, but still include hollow chambers extending the length of the tips to provide the dispensing feature.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd is shaped in the style of well-recognized familiar hair appliances to inspire trust and confidence in the device leading to intuitive use and gestures when using the device.

Referring to FIGURES 16 and 17, in one embodiment, the device lOOd includes a handle 104 connected to a substantially cylindrical section 138. The handle 104 is connected to the device lOOd at an obtuse angle with respect to the front end of the device lOOd. The handle 104 helps balance the device weight for more comfortable use and easier control. The control buttons can also be located on the handle.

Referring to FIGURE 17, at the back side, the device lOOd can include a smaller diameter cylindrical shaped housing 136 that accepts a removable cartridge 102 containing a hair or scalp treatment formulation. Device lOOd allows cartridges 102 to be swapped readily to provide different formulations. The cartridge 102 can be configured to be a refillable cartridge or a disposable cartridge. In one embodiment, the device lOOd can be configured to hold more than one cartridges 102, wherein each cartridge can be filled with a different formulation for a different treatment. Alternatively, some applications may use two or more different formulations that require applying both formulations to achieve the intended treatment.

Forward from the rear housing 136, the device lOOd exterior shape increases step- wise to a larger outer diameter portion 138 compared to the cartridge housing 136 diameter. In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes a body structure that has a substantially cylindrical or minimally tapered conical portion 138 from the back end to about the middle of the device length. In one embodiment, the handle 104 connects to the back side of portion 138.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd has the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 arranged in a brush configuration, such as concentric circles. The device lOOd includes a brush head 140 connected to the central portion 138. The brush head 140 is the part of the device lOOd that holds the tips 602, 1702, 1100, or 1200. In one embodiment, the brush head 140 is static with respect to the device and does not actuate, because the individual tips are actuated individually to vibrate, thus, obviating the need to have a rotating or oscillating brush head. Further, the tips are also configured to enable controlling the dispensing of formulations from some individual tips and not others. This allows "turning on" some tips while leaving other tips "turned off" to create different spray patterns from the brush head.

In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 are arranged in concentric circles on the brush head 140. In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 are configured to be able to dispense two different formulations. In an embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 have hollow chambers that extend the entire length of the tips. Tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 are at least one diameter in length. However, tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 can be constructed to be several diameters in length, so the width to length ratio can vary from 1 to 1 to 1 to 20 or more. The tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 can be flexible or nonflexible. Tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 can also be connected on the brush head 140 in a flexible matter. The segregated chambers allow one or more formulations to be delivered through each chamber without mixing. The formulations can be segregated within the respective chambers until the time the formulations exit the chambers. The dispensing of formulations can be accomplished by constructing each of the chambers with openings along the length or only at the ends or both along the length and ends of the chambers. Further, each of the chambers in the tips can have a valve or other means to control dispensing only from one chamber or both chambers. Controlling the dispensing of formulations from only certain tips on the brush head allows dispensing in multiple patters, for example, cone spray, fan spray, and the like.

Referring to FIGURE 18, one embodiment of the device lOOd is represented schematically to illustrate the main systems.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes a power supply 128. The device lOOd can be powered by alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). In one embodiment, the device lOOd is powered through common household alternating current that relies on an electrical cord (not shown) to supply power to the device lOOd. In one embodiment, the device lOOd is powered through direct current, such as a rechargeable battery that can be charged by plugging into a household alternating current outlet. A direct current powered device lOOd allows the device to be used without staying or standing in proximity to an electrical outlet. The power supply 128 is configured to provide power to any of the systems requiring power, such as a controller 148, dispenser 112, massage module 1152, vacuum motor 114, camera 2158, LEDs 1102, 1202, and at the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes a formulation dispenser 112. In one embodiment, the formulation is stored in a replaceable or refillable cartridge 102. Cartridges 102 can be removable from the device lOOd either to be re-filled or for disposal and replacement with a new full cartridge. Once emptied, a cartridge 102 can be replaced with a new cartridge filled with the same or different formulation or the cartridge can be refilled with the same or different formulation. As seen in FIGURE 1, the cartridge 102 is inserted through the back of the device lOOd. The cartridge 102 is connected to supply the scalp or hair formulation to the dispenser 112. In one embodiment, the device lOOd can hold multiple cartridges, wherein each cartridge is filled with a different formulation, which can be dispensed to effect different treatments and to different regions of the scalp and hair.

In one embodiment, the cartridge 102 has a product identification tag 154 (FIGURE 1) that can convey instructions for operation of the device lOOd based on the specific formulation contained in the cartridge 102. The device lOOd may include a product identification tag reader 156 (FIGURE 1) capable of reading the product identification tag 154 and processing the encoded signals into instructions for operation and control of the device based on the particular formulation. Product dentification tags, include for example, bar codes, 2-D bar codes, RFID, and the like. The product identification tag is encoded with machine readable signals that convey the device settings for the particular formulation. Different formulations may have different device settings. For example, the product identification tags can include dispenser setting from liquid to fine, medium, or coarse droplets. Product identification tags can also include the dispenser pattern formation, such as flat fan versus cone, wide versus narrow, solid versus hollow, stream versus mist. Product identification tags can also contain instructions for operating the LEDs 1102, 1202. Different formulations can also be used for treating different regions of the scalp and hair. Different formulations may also be used to provide different treatments to the scalp and hair.

The dispenser 112 can dispense one or more formulations through the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 as a fine mist or liquid or any form in-between. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 includes a compressor, pump, or ultrasonic wave generator to generate a mist from the formulation. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser 112, such dispenser 112 causes air or the formulation to flow at a high velocity which propels the formulation through a fine openings. In the case of a pump or compressor dispenser, a single dispenser 112 can be placed in the device lOOd. Then, the outlet of a compressor or pump dispenser 112 is routed through a system of conduits to each of the individual tips.

In an embodiment, the dispenser 112 is an ultrasonic wave nebulizer that generates a mist or vapor to dispense the formulation through individual tips. This has the advantage of gentle dispersion of the formulation to reduce the amount of waste and improves control of coverage. In one embodiment, the nebulizer uses an ultrasonic wave generator that is in contact with the formulation where the frequency of the ultrasonic waves is sufficient to produce the mist. An ultrasonic wave nebulizer also includes a "mesh" nebulizer that has a vibrating mesh just touching the surface of the formulation to create the mist. Either form of ultrasonic wave nebulizer can use a piezoelectric element.

In one embodiment, the ultrasonic wave generator and vibrating mesh nebulizer may both use a piezoelectric material to generate vibrations in the ultrasound frequencies. In one embodiment, the same piezoelectric material that is used in the nebulizer may also be used to drive a haptic system. A haptic system can include a massage therapy system, but, may also include any system that provides a sensory experience, such as heating and related ultrasound therapies. Nebulizers may rely on generating frequencies of over 1 MHz. A nebulizer capable of producing frequencies of over 1 MHz, may also be used to drive a haptic system to generate heat that can be used to treat the skin and scalp either alone or together with the dispensing of formulations. Some nebulizers may also rely on ultrasound frequencies less than 1 MHz. In one embodiment, the nebulizer can be used to drive a haptic system to generate frequencies in a range designed to deliver therapeutic compounds to the skin and scalp in conjunction with the dispensing of formulations. Therefore, there are advantages when the same piezoelectric material that is used in the nebulizer system is used in a haptic system.

In one embodiment, each of the tips may include a valve at the entrance to one or both chambers. The valve has an actuator that opens and closes the valve. Each valve of each tip can be actuated to open or close independently of the other valves of other tips. By opening or closing the valve at each individual tip, the formulation can be controlled to flow out only from selected tips in a controlled pattern, such as cone, flat fan, stream, multiple streams, in pulses, and the like. Further, having a valve to control dispensing from both chambers of a tip allows controlling the formulations to flow out from one or both of the chambers.

FIGURE 19 is a schematic illustration showing the ends of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200. In one embodiment, the tips are arranged in increasing diameter circular patterns of small 908, medium 910, and large 912 diameters. In one embodiment, only the valves of tips connected by one of the circles 908, 910, or 912 can be opened, leading to dispensing of the formulation in a small cone 908, medium cone 910, and large cone 912, to cover small, medium, and large areas of the scalp or hair. A controller is instructed to open the tips that lie in a pattern to dispense the formulation according to the pattern and closes the tips that do not lie in the pattern. The actuation of valves of individual tips is not limited to only circular patterns. In one embodiment, the valves of tips can be actuated in a linear pattern. Fine 914 connects only the tips that would be opened to dispense formulation in a fan pattern, while the remaining tips that do not lie in the linear pattern would be kept closed. Any combination of individua; tips can be selected to dispense formulation from only certain tips, but not others, to achieve distinct patterns.

In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 operates by depressing the switch 106 (FIGURES 1 and 2). In one embodiment, the switch 106 is placed on the front side of upper part of the handle 104 to allow operation with the index finger. In one embodiment, the switch 106 is a momentary switch with the default position being the off position. A momentary switch only needs to be activated once, regardless of length of activation, to dispense a measured amount of formulation. Keeping a momentary switch 106 depressed longer does not dispense more formulation beyond the pre-measure amount. In another embodiment, the switch 106 is an on-off switch that starts and stops the dispenser 112 based on opening and closing the switch.

In one embodiment, the valves on tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 are only actuated if the individual tip that is selected for dispensing is in contact with the skin. In one embodiment, the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 being made from conductive materials allows the tips to act as contact sensors. In one embodiment, one of the cylinders of each of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 can act as a positive terminal, while a second cylinder of the same or different tip acts as a negative terminal. In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between any positive terminal of a tip and any negative terminal of a tip to determine if one or more individual tips are in contact with scalp (skin). In one embodiment, impedance can be measured between any positive terminal and the scalp (via a conductive return path to handle)/ Determining impedance and contact is useful if the application requires scalp contact; for instance, in a formula treatment and vacuuming system, where the scalp is being treated and the vacuum is at risk of vacuuming hair if the device is not operating directly on the scalp.

In one embodiment, the measure of impedance can also be used to calculate scalp moisture level at a specific point or over a more general region. In one embodiment, impedance can be measured from different tips to determine scalp moisture level across wider regions.

In one embodiment, a contact sensor 1162 can be placed at the tip ends. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 1162 includes open or short detectors or dielectric sensors. An open detector can refer to an open circuit detector for detecting a broken (open) continuity in an electrical transmission. A short detector can refer to detection of low electrical resistance. A dielectric sensor is also referred to as a capacitance detector which can detect a change in dielectric permittivity. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 1162 may be a sensor that detects contact or no contact of an individual tip. In one embodiment, the contact sensor 1162 may indicate the amount of contact. An example of a contact sensor that can detect an amount of contact is a piezoelectric sensor.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes an massage module 1152. A massage module 1152 is any circuitry configured to control the actuation of any number of individual tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 to vibrate. In this embodiment, tips are individually controlled to vibrate as compared to oscillation of an entire brush head. The massage module circuitry can reside within the controller 148 or be a separate component. The massage module 1152 circuitry controls the individual tips to actuate in one to three axes (XYZ). Activation of the tips to vibrate may be started by a switch 1164. In one embodiment, each tip 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 on the brush head 140 has its own actuators to vibrate each individual tip in one to three axes. In one embodiment, actuators can include shape memory or piezoelectric materials. As described above, conductive cylinders can be constructed from or embedded with shape memory or piezoelectric materials to actuate vibrations.

Referring to FIGURE 20, one embodiment of a tip 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 includes a first pair of actuators 1008, 1010, placed or embedded on the cylinder of the tip in diametrically opposed locations from each other. The actuators 1008, 1010 extend axially along the length of the tip. The actuators 1008, 1010 can be actuated one at a time to create a side-to-side motion, such as in the X-axis. The tip includes a second pair of actuators 1012, 1014, placed or embedded on the cylinder of the tip in diametrically opposed locations from each other, and separated ninety degrees from actuators 1008, 1010. The actuators 1012, 1014 extend axially along the length of the tip. The actuators 1012, 1014 can be actuated one at a time to create a side-to-side motion, such as in the Y-axis. The actuators 1008, 1010, 1012, 1014 are coupled on the conductive substrate of the tip and rely on the transverse piezoelectric effect to produce contraction and a bending motion in one direction when a voltage is applied across the piezoelectric material and the substrate. In this manner, side-to-side actuation is possible in both the X and Y axes.

For vibration in the Z-axis or up and down vibration, the top end of the tip can rest against a shape memory coil 1016 which can be actuated to vibrate up and down. Although one embodiment of using piezoelectric and shape memory materials is illustrated, other configurations are possible based on the disclosure. Piezoelectric materials can also be produced as tubes or stacked to cause up and down vibration, while shape memory alloys can be provided as strips to cause side-to-side, bending, or shearing motions for X and Y axes vibration. Any combination of one or more piezoelectric or shape memory alloys can be used to provide the tips with vibration in one to three axes.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes a vacuum system 114 having a vacuum generating motor and collector 116. In one embodiment, a motor can be a variable speed motor. The vacuum motor 114 is connected to impeller vanes that cause a stream of air to enter through one of the cylinders of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200. The motor induces a stream of air to enter through the tip openings. The stream of air can carry the used formulation along with any debns and oils washed out of the hair by the formulation, which then gets captured by a collector 116, and the air is expelled out of the device lOOd. In one embodiment, the collector 116 includes an annular vent placed at the back of the device lOOd. The vent allows the stream of air to exit the device lOOd, while the used and debris become trapped in the collector 116.

In one embodiment, the vacuum motor 114 is operated by the multi-positional, multi-functional, selector switch 110 (FIGURE 4). A selector switch 110 can be a slide switch or a dial switch with more than two positions, or a push button switch with more than two positions, for example. In one embodiment, a vacuum selector switch 110 includes settings for off and more than one vacuum speed setting, such as high and low. In one embodiment, the vacuum switch 110 is placed on the back side of lower part of the handle 104 to allow operation with the thumb, for example. The vacuum switch 110 can be isolated for uninterrupted vacuum. Light-emitting diodes 118 can be used to light up the selected position. The selector switch 110 remains in the selected position until moved to another position. In one embodiment, a momentary switch can replace the selector switch, wherein the default position of the momentary switch is the off position, and the momentary switch has to be depressed to start the vacuum motor. In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes both a vacuum selector switch and momentary switch, wherein the momentary switch is used to operate the vacuum motor when depressed, and at the speed setting on the selector switch.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes a diagnosis module 1160. The diagnosis module circuitry can reside within the controller 148 or be a distinct module. In one embodiment, the diagnosis module 1160 has circuitry configured to relate the absorption of light of a certain wavelength to a skin or hair condition. In one embodiment, skin and hair conditions related to hair density, tone, and dryness can be identified by measuring the absorption of light. The diagnosis module 1160 makes skin and hair diagnosis based on images from a camera 2158. Camera 2158 may reside on the end of the tips or be located on the device lOOd. In one embodiment, the camera 2158 may be a semiconductor integrated circuit that converts light into images, such as a charge coupled device (CCD) or pixel sensors. In one embodiment, diagnosis of skin and hair conditions are determined by selective filtering, by wavelength selective absorption within multiple photodetector layers, or by any other method. In one embodiment, a spectral absorption feature for a given chromophore in skin is manifested as dark spots on an image recorded by camera 2158. The absorbance and emission characteristics of various skin conditions are stored in the controller memory, and the diagnosis module 1160 makes comparisons of the images to the characteristics indicative of various skin conditions. When the diagnosis module 1160 determines a match with a skin or hair condition, the diagnosis module 1160 can send instructions via the controller 148 to dispense a certain formulation or apply a certain wavelength of light via the LEDs 1102, 1202.

In one embodiment, the device lOOd includes a controller 148. In one embodiment, the controller 148 is a digital device. The controller 148 may include one or more hardware circuits connected on a printed circuit board, or all of circuits may exist on a single chip. The controller 148 may include at least a microprocessor core and a memory. The hardware can be designed for use in small hand operated devices. The microprocessor may be implemented as multiple processors cooperatively working in parallel and series to perform instructions according to pre-programmed logic.

Instructions to control the dispenser 112, massage module 1152, vacuum 114, diagnosis module 1160 can be stored in the controller memory. A memory is any type of computer-readable medium or computer storage device that can be accessed and used by one or more microprocessors to carry out the instructions. Instructions may be stored in a high-speed memory such as a EEPROM, Flash memory, RAM, or other programmable non-volatile memory.

The controller 148 communicates with the dispenser 112, massage module 1152, vacuum 114, and diagnosis module 1160 to make decisions and control the output from the device based on inputs received form the tips 602, 1702, 1100, 1200 themselves, the LEDs 1102, 1202, contact sensor 1162, and camera 2158.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 can also interpret the information provided on cartridges 102 to give instructions to the dispenser 112 that are specific to the formulation. The controller 148 can control to open and close all of the tips 602, 1702, 1100, and 1200 to allow formulation to be dispensed through individually selected tips in a pattern.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry to determine the impedance between terminals of any one or more tips to determine which tips are in contact with the skin and which tips are not in contact with the skin. The controller 148 can then open those valves on the tips that are in contact and close the valves that are not in contact, and give permission to the dispenser to proceed with dispensing formulation through the tips in contact with skin.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 receives signals from the contact sensor 1162 to determine whether or not tips are in contact with the skin.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry to control the opening of valves of only those tips that will produce a selected spray pattern.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry to control the amount of formulation that is dispensed by the dispenser.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry to determine which ones of the tips are actuated to vibrate and in which axis.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has image processing circuitry to convert signals from the camera and perform spectral analysis.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 is configured to provide power to any one or more of the tips.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry to turn on the LEDs 1102 and 1202 based on pre-determined instructions. For example, some formulations may call for applying light in a certain wavelength. The controller 148 may be used control the LEDs 1102 and 1202 to provide a light therapy treatment. The controller 148 has instructions for determining the wavelength and power to be applied for the light therapy.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry to control the amount of formulation that is dispensed by the dispenser 112. For example, the controller 148 can turn on a pump or compressor for a predetermined amount of time that correlates to a specific amount of formulation. In one embodiment, the dispenser 112 uses a positive displacement pump, therefore, the volume displaced for each rotation of the pump can be measured with an encoder. When the rotations of the pump equal the volume of formulation to be dispensed, the controller 148 can turn off the pump. In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry configured to control the dispenser 112 to dispense a measured volume of formulation through one or more of the tips only when the controller 148 senses that the tips are in contact with the scalp.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry configured to diagnose scalp and hair conditions related to hair density, tone, and dryness through a camera or an impedance sensor.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry configured to control LEDs to output a certain wavelength and power for applying a light treatment, to facilitate camera imaging, or be used to cure formulations.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry configured to control the vibration of selected individual tips.

In one embodiment, the controller 148 has circuitry configured to control the dispensing of a measure amount of formulation through selected individual tips only upon detecting the tips are in contact with the scalp/skin.

Use of the device lOOd is instinctive, the overall shape of the device lOOd is familiar to users from other hair appliances, such as a hair dryer, leading to simple intuitive use of the device lOOd. The device lOOd can improve on current use of aerosol dry shampoos. The device lOOd contrasts with an aerosol spray can that sprays more than is needed and produces a large cloud that covers an area well outside the user's head. Furthermore, the device lOOd has tips that allow added functionality.

While illustrative embodiments have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. A device, comprising: a treatment system to treat scalp or hair; one or more sensors configured to detect at least one spatial condition selected from device contact with scalp or hair, device distance to scalp or hair, and device location in relation to scalp or hair; and a controller configured to send instructions to adjust the treatment system based on the detected spatial condition of the device.

2. The device of Claim 1, wherein the treatment system includes an electrostatic charger.

3. The device of Claim 1, comprising a contact sensor configured to detect contact of the device with scalp or hair, wherein the contact sensor is selected from an open detector, a short detector, and a dielectric sensor.

4. The device of Claim 1 , comprising an accelerometer, gyroscope, or compass configured to detect a device location or orientation in relation to the scalp or hair or detect one of device distance, device speed, or device direction in relation.

5. The device of Claim 1, comprising a controller having instructions stored therein to perform steps, including: accessing a treatment protocol for a treatment system, the treatment protocol specifies a treatment based on the spatial conditions of the device.

6. The device of Claim 1, comprising a controller having instructions stored therein to perform steps, including: interpreting signals from one or more sensors into a spatial condition of the device in relation to the scalp or hair; comparing the spatial condition of the device to a treatment protocol, wherein the treatment protocol specifies a treatment based on the spatial conditions of the device; and commanding the treatment system to adjust the treatment to the treatment protocol.

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7. A device, comprising: a dispenser connected to a cartridge, wherein the cartridge comprises a formulation; a plurality of tips, wherein the tips have at least one opening to dispense the formulation; and a controller that controls the amount of formulation that is dispensed from the tips.

8. The device of Claim 7, comprising tips including a first and a second hollow chamber, wherein the first and second hollow chambers are connected to a positive and negative terminal of a power supply or the first and second hollow chambers are connected to a positive and negative sensing terminal.

9. The device of Claim 8, wherein the controller designates a first hollow chamber, wherein the first hollow chamber is designated a positive terminal and a second hollow chamber is designated a negative terminal, and the controller calculates an impedance between the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

10. The device of Claim 8, further comprising a light-emitting diode on an end of one or more tips powered by the first and second hollow chambers.

11. A hair and scalp treatment device, comprising: a dispenser connected to a cartridge, wherein the cartridge comprises a formulation; a plurality of tips on the device, wherein the tips have at least one opening to dispense the formulation; and a controller configured to control the dispensing of the formulation through one or more tips individually.

12. The device of Claim 11, wherein the controller controls opening the tips to dispense the formulation in a pattern and closes the tips that do not lie in the pattern.

13. The device of Claim 11, wherein the controller dispenses formulation only through tips that are sensed to be in contact with skin.

14. A hair and scalp treatment device, comprising: a plurality of tips on the device, wherein the tips include actuators that vibrate the tips in a first axis; and a controller configured to control the vibration of the tips individually.

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15. The device of Claim 14, wherein the tips comprise two hollow chambers extending the length of the tip.

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