WO2022059481A1 - 固体撮像装置及び電子機器 - Google Patents
固体撮像装置及び電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/47—Image sensors with pixel address output; Event-driven image sensors; Selection of pixels to be read out based on image data
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- G06V10/10—Image acquisition
- G06V10/12—Details of acquisition arrangements; Constructional details thereof
- G06V10/14—Optical characteristics of the device performing the acquisition or on the illumination arrangements
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- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
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- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
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- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1341—Sensing with light passing through the finger
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Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a solid-state image sensor and an electronic device.
- This fingerprint sensor realizes authentication by acquiring fingerprint information by a light receiving element.
- a CMOS sensor is used to acquire the fingerprint information.
- CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
- CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
- it is greatly affected by its performance in a dark place, its susceptibility to external light, its narrow dynamic range, and its light receiving performance for operating objects. It is necessary to deal with.
- a solid-state image sensor and an electronic device capable of highly accurate authentication are provided.
- the solid-state image sensor includes a light receiving unit and a control unit.
- the light receiving unit includes event-driven pixels that output event generation based on a threshold value.
- the control unit is a control unit that controls the light receiving unit, and when a first threshold value is set for the event-driven pixel and an event based on the first threshold value is detected, the control unit is used from the first threshold value. A small second threshold is set for the event-driven pixel.
- the control unit may further set an ROI (Region of Interest) in which the event-driven pixel detects an event in the light receiving unit when an event based on the first threshold value is detected.
- ROI Region of Interest
- a signal processing unit that processes the signal output by the event-driven pixel may be further provided.
- the signal processing unit may generate an authentication image by time-integrating the signal output by the event-driven pixel.
- An authentication unit that executes authentication using an authentication image based on the signal output from the event-driven pixel may be further provided.
- the authentication image may be a fingerprint image.
- the authentication image may be a vein image.
- An optical system may be further provided so that each event-driven pixel belonging to the light receiving unit receives light.
- the optical system may include a pinhole array.
- the optical system may include a microlens array.
- the authentication image may be a fingerprint image and a vein image
- the event-driven pixel may include a pixel for acquiring the fingerprint image and a pixel for acquiring the vein image.
- the pixel for acquiring the fingerprint image and the pixel for acquiring the vein image may be arranged in a checkered pattern.
- the optical system may be adjusted so that the focus position with respect to the pixel for acquiring the fingerprint image and the focus position with respect to the pixel for acquiring the vein image are different positions.
- the electronic device may be equipped with the solid-state image sensor described in any of the above.
- the electronic device may further include a light emitting unit that outputs an image, and the light receiving unit may be provided farther than the light emitting unit with respect to the target.
- the figure which shows the state of the light receiving part which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which shows the state of the light receiving part which concerns on one Embodiment.
- the figure which shows the state of the light receiving part which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which shows the state of the light receiving part which concerns on one Embodiment.
- the figure which shows the state of the light receiving part which concerns on one Embodiment The figure which shows typically an example of the electronic device which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which shows typically an example of the optical system which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which shows typically an example of the optical system which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which shows typically an example of the electronic device which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which shows typically an example of the optical system which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which shows an example of the block diagram of the light receiving part which concerns on one Embodiment. The circuit diagram which shows the position example of the circuit of the light receiving part which concerns on one Embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a module for acquiring an image or the like when an authentication device including an image pickup device according to an embodiment is used as a fingerprint authentication sensor.
- the authentication device 10 includes a cover glass 12, an optical system 14, and a light receiving unit 16 as information acquisition units.
- the user By placing a finger on the cover glass 12 of the authentication device 10, the user recognizes the fingerprint and acquires biometric data for authenticating access to various areas to the electronic device.
- the cover glass 12 is arranged on the light receiving portion of the authentication device 10.
- the authentication device 10 acquires data for various authentications such as fingerprint authentication based on the situation of the portion in contact with the cover glass 12.
- the optical system 14 is arranged so that the light incident from the cover glass 12 is appropriately incident on the light receiving pixels provided in the light receiving unit 16.
- the optical system 14 may be configured to include a pinhole or a lens.
- the light receiving unit 16 is provided with a light receiving element, and light is incident through the cover glass 12 and the optical system 14.
- the light receiving unit 16 includes event-driven pixels as a light receiving element.
- the event-driven pixel is provided as a sensor that asynchronously detects a change in brightness of incident light and outputs coordinates and time as event data. By using event-driven pixels, it is possible to acquire information at high speed, low latency, and high efficiency.
- the event-driven pixel When the event-driven pixel detects a change in luminance, it outputs the address of the pixel in which the luminance has changed, the time in which the change has occurred, and the polarity of the change in luminance. Since this output is executed asynchronously as described above, it is possible to acquire information on how the detection target moves by integrating the output from the event-driven pixels in the time direction.
- the fingerprint information can be acquired by time-integrating the fingerprint information (for example, an image or a video).
- the event-driven pixel is not limited to fingerprint information, and may acquire other information such as vein information that can be used for authentication.
- the event-driven pixel By using the event-driven pixel, it is possible to accurately acquire information such as a fingerprint even when the finger is placed so as to cover the dark place performance, that is, the pixel to be authenticated. On the other hand, if the sensitivity in a dark place is improved too much, a lot of noise may be generated.
- the threshold value in two stages, authentication having noise immunity against dark place performance is realized for a moving finger.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the solid-state image sensor 2 according to the embodiment.
- the solid-state image sensor 2 includes a light receiving unit 16, a control unit 18, a storage unit 20, a signal processing unit 22, an image processing unit 24, and an authentication unit 26. Each configuration is the same as the authentication device 10 described below, and will be described later.
- the solid-state imaging device 2 executes signal processing and image processing based on the received data, and outputs the acquired image data.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the authentication device 10 according to the embodiment.
- the authentication device 10 includes a light receiving unit 16, a control unit 18, a storage unit 20, a signal processing unit 22, an image processing unit 24, and an authentication unit 26 as a configuration for processing various signals and the like. That is, the authentication device 10 includes the solid-state image pickup device 2 shown in FIG. 2 as a part of its configuration.
- the light receiving unit 16 is the one described above, and is configured to include event-driven pixels.
- the control unit 18 controls the light receiving unit 16 based on the information from the signal processing unit 22 or the image processing unit 24.
- the control unit 18 sets, for example, a threshold value and an ROI (Region of Interest) for each event-driven pixel of the light receiving unit 16.
- the event-driven pixel detects that an event has occurred and outputs a signal when there is a change in the light receiving intensity that exceeds the threshold value. Further, when the ROI is set, the light receiving unit 16 controls to detect the light receiving intensity in the event-driven pixels belonging to the ROI. In this way, the control unit 18 controls the behavior of the event-driven pixels in the light receiving unit 16.
- the storage unit 20 stores data and the like required for various processes. For example, it stores the data required for personal authentication. Further, when the authentication device 10 specifically realizes information processing by software using hardware resources, a program or the like related to the software may be stored. In some cases, the storage unit 20 may be provided outside the authentication device 10, that is, may not be provided in the authentication device 10.
- the signal processing unit 22 executes predetermined signal processing on the signal output by the light receiving unit 16. For example, the signal processing unit 22 performs signal processing on the output of the light receiving unit 16 to convert the output into image information or the like in which motion is detected and output the signal.
- the image processing unit 24 executes predetermined image processing on the image information converted by the signal processing unit 22.
- the image processing unit 24 executes, for example, noise reduction processing, various filter processing, and the like, and the authentication unit 26 processes image information into data suitable for performing authentication such as fingerprints.
- the signal processing unit 22 and the image processing unit 24 may convert the asynchronous information acquired by the light receiving unit 16 into synchronized data.
- the signal processing unit 22 may receive an asynchronous signal output from the light receiving unit 16 and acquire image information based on the asynchronous signal.
- the signal processing unit 22 may sequentially output asynchronous signals to the image processing unit 24, and the image processing unit 24 may acquire a time-integrated image suitable for authentication.
- signal processing units 22 and image processing units 24 are described separately for convenience, they may be provided as one signal processing unit. As another example, each process may be composed of finer parts (circuits) instead of two parts (circuits). These signal processing units 22 and / or image processing units 24 generate an authentication image based on the signal output from the event-driven pixels.
- the authentication unit 26 executes authentication based on the image information (authentication image) output by the image processing unit 24 and the authentication information stored in the storage unit 20. As described above, the image processing unit 24 outputs an image by, for example, time-integrating the acquired information. In this case, the authentication unit 26 executes authentication by comparing this image with the authentication information stored in the storage unit 20. The authentication unit 26 executes authentication by an arbitrary proof method such as feature point extraction and authentication using a neural network model.
- the authentication unit 26 outputs this authentication result to the outside.
- Other externally equipped electronic devices execute processing or permit processing based on this authentication result.
- the authentication device 10 realizes personal authentication based on the image acquired by using the event-driven pixels.
- a part or all of each part of the authentication device 10 described above may be mounted by a dedicated digital circuit or analog circuit, respectively.
- a dedicated circuit for example, it may be configured by an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). Further, it may be implemented by a general-purpose processing circuit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- the authentication device 10 is provided by providing the solid-state image pickup device 2 and the authentication unit 26, but the configuration is not limited to this.
- a configuration in which the solid-state image sensor 2 is provided with the authentication unit 26 may be referred to as a solid-state image sensor.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing of the authentication device 10. Next, the processing of the authentication device 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the light receiving unit 16 detects whether or not an event has been detected in the above standby state (S102).
- the above event wait state is maintained until an event is detected (S102: NO).
- the control unit 18 sets the ROI (S104).
- the ROI When the ROI is set, the light receiving unit 16 shifts to detection using event-driven pixels belonging to the ROI. In other words, event-driven pixels that do not belong to the ROI will not perform event detection. In this way, the mode is changed to detect an event from the pixels in the ROI.
- the control unit 18 may set the ROI within a predetermined range, for example. By determining the range in which the ROI is set in advance in this way, the user can move his / her finger or the like to authenticate to the location of the ROI. This location may be appropriately marked, for example, on the cover glass 12.
- control unit 18 may determine which pixel of the light receiving unit 16 the event has occurred, and set the ROI within an appropriate range based on the position of this pixel. By setting the ROI based on the position where the event is detected in this way, the user may move his / her finger or the like to any position in the range where the light receiving unit 16 exists when performing authentication.
- the signal processing unit 22 or the image processing unit 24 sets an appropriate integration time so that the object to be authenticated and the noise can be distinguished.
- the inner area of the fill shows the pixels in the state of detecting the event (event-driven), and the shaded area shows the pixels in the state of turning off the event-driven.
- the authentication device 10 is described as acquiring an image for fingerprint authentication, it can be similarly applied to the case of acquiring other information.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a standby state in the above S100.
- the event-driven pixel provided in the light-receiving region of the light-receiving unit 16 waits for event detection at the first threshold value. For example, it maintains a state of waiting for some object (finger, etc.) to be placed on the light receiving area. In this state, as described above, a high-contrast event is detected.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the ROI in S104.
- the dotted line indicates the user's finger, and indicates how the event is detected at the first threshold value.
- the dashed line indicates the set ROI.
- an ROI that can appropriately acquire fingerprint information is set in the area where a finger is detected.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a standby state for event detection in S106.
- the event detection in the event detection pixel belonging to the light receiving region other than the ROI is set to the stop state.
- the threshold value for event detection in the event detection pixels belonging to the ROI is set to the second threshold value, which is a threshold value smaller than the first threshold value.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of event detection acquired at a time different from that of FIG. For example, when the position of the finger is moving, it is placed at a position different from that shown in FIG. 8 to detect a fingerprint-like event, and a noise event is generated at a different position.
- the signal processing unit 22 and / or the image processing unit 24 integrates while tracking the event detected in the time direction. As a result, fingerprint information can be appropriately acquired while suppressing the influence of noise.
- the information that the finger is placed on the cover glass 12 by the first threshold value is acquired, the ROI and the second threshold value are set, and the fingerprint information in which noise is suppressed is acquired. can do.
- fingerprint information using event-driven pixels is possible, and this authentication can be acquired regardless of the synchronization signal, so high speed and low latency.
- By setting the threshold value in two stages it is possible to acquire fingerprint information or the like that is more resistant to noise and appropriately detects the occurrence of an event than in the case where the threshold value for event detection is determined in one stage.
- event-driven pixels since event-driven pixels are used, it is possible to acquire information on moving fingers with less influence from motion blur and the like. That is, instead of stopping the finger on the cover glass 12 for authentication, the authentication can be performed while the finger is moving. Further, it is possible to acquire image information as binarization information based on the characteristics of the event-driven pixel, and it is possible to omit such binarization processing and the like.
- the solid-state photographing apparatus captures and acquires an image based on an appropriate region and an appropriate luminance change based on each of the above-mentioned operations.
- the acquired image may be stored in the storage unit 20 or may be output to the outside, for example.
- the mode may be such that it operates as a solid-state image sensor using event-driven pixels.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of an electronic device 1 in which the authentication device 10 is incorporated.
- the electronic device 1 includes a cover glass 12, an optical system 14, and a light receiving unit 16 as an authentication device 10, and also includes a light emitting unit 28.
- the light emitting unit 28 is provided between the cover glass 12 and the optical system 14, for example.
- the light emitting unit 28 may further include an optical system for light emission separately from the optical system 14.
- the cover glass 12 may not only be provided for receiving light for acquiring an authentication image, but may also function as a light emitting device that appropriately outputs the light emitted from the light emitting element to the user.
- the light emitting unit 28 may include, for example, a light emitting element such as an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or MicroOLED. As shown in the figure, the light receiving unit 16 may be provided farther than the light emitting unit 28.
- the light emitting unit 28 plays a role of a display that outputs, for example, a video, an image, or the like.
- the electronic device 1 may be, for example, a terminal device such as a smartphone, a tablet terminal, or a laptop computer.
- the authentication device 10 may output an authentication result for performing authentication or the like for access of these terminal devices.
- the authentication device 10 such as a fingerprint in the display of various mobile terminals and stationary terminals.
- authentication can be performed by moving the finger with respect to a predetermined area. For example, even for relatively high-speed operations such as swiping, high-performance, high-speed, and low-latency authentication can be realized by using event-driven pixels.
- the optical system 14 may be configured to include, for example, a microlens array, a lens array, or the like. As another example, it may be configured with a form without a lens, for example, a pinhole or the like.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example in which the optical system 14 is configured to include a pinhole.
- n ⁇ m pinholes 30 pinhole arrays
- the pinhole 30 is arranged at a position separated from the end points of the pixels by (dx1, dy1), (dx2, dy2), ... (dxn, dym).
- dx1 ⁇ dx2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ dxn, dy1 ⁇ dy2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ dym may be arranged. With such an arrangement, it is possible to control so as to receive light from the outside of the light receiving unit 16.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a position to be imaged by the electronic device 1.
- the authentication device 10 may realize authentication by the position of the vein of the finger.
- the position of the pinhole shown in FIG. 11 or FIG. 12 described above is set so as to appropriately acquire the light reflected and scattered from the position of the vein in the event-driven pixel. May be good.
- the pinhole 30 may be placed 2 mm above the cover glass 12 so as to be in focus.
- the optical system 14 may be provided with a microlens array that is in focus 2 mm above the cover glass 12. 2 mm is given as an example, and it is desirable that the distance from the cover glass 12 be set appropriately.
- Pinholes that reach the pixels may be provided on each acquired pixel.
- the diagonal lines indicate the pinholes corresponding to the vein image acquisition pixels
- the white lines indicate the pinholes corresponding to the fingerprint image acquisition pixels.
- the arrangement of the pinholes may be as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.
- the pixels corresponding to the vein image and the fingerprint image may be provided with pinholes at different arrangement pitches (dx1, dy1, etc. in FIGS. 11 and 12).
- the pinhole array may be configured to obtain the same effect of acquiring information of different depths by the microlens array.
- the control unit 18 may set the second threshold value of the fingerprint pixel and the second threshold value of the vein pixel to be different.
- the event-driven pixel can detect the change in the received luminance value with high sensitivity based on the threshold value. Due to this characteristic, as described above, it is possible to appropriately execute authentication even in a relatively fast operation such as swiping.
- the first threshold value and the second threshold value may be determined so that the occurrence of an event can be detected by the blood flow.
- the finger may be fixed, in which case the second threshold is a second step with a second threshold smaller than the second threshold for fingerprint authentication in order to obtain a sufficiently small change in brightness. You may execute the threshold setting of.
- the form of the light receiving unit 16 is not limited to this embodiment, and may have a configuration in which the pixel detects an event and can appropriately acquire information regarding the coordinates of the pixel that detected the event.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the light receiving pixels of the light receiving unit 16.
- the light receiving unit 16 includes a light receiving pixel array 160 and an arbiter 162.
- the light receiving pixel array 160 includes event driven pixels 40 arranged in a plurality of arrays.
- the above-mentioned coordinate information may be defined as the position of the event-driven pixel 40 in the light receiving pixel array 160.
- the arbiter 162 When the arbiter 162 receives a request signal from each event-driven pixel 40 in the light-receiving pixel array 160, it returns an acknowledge signal to the event-driven pixel 40.
- the arbiter 162 may be provided with, for example, a plurality of pixels along the respective axes of the array. For example, in the drawing, it may have an x arbiter corresponding to the coordinates of the horizontal component and a y arbiter corresponding to the coordinates of the vertical component.
- the event-driven pixel 40 outputs a signal indicating that an event has been detected to each arbiter as a request signal via a signal line connecting itself and each arbiter.
- the event drive pixel 40 includes an event detection unit 400 and a transfer unit 410.
- the event detection unit 400 includes, for example, a photoelectric conversion element such as a photodiode.
- This photodiode may be, for example, a photodiode that can acquire the intensity of light without relying on avalanche breakdown.
- the event detection unit 400 operates as a brightness change detection unit that detects how much the intensity of the light received by each photoelectric conversion element (brightness in the image) has changed, positive or negative, based on the output of the photoelectric conversion element. do.
- the transfer unit 410 outputs a request signal to the arbiter 162 based on the output of the event detection unit 400. Based on this request signal, the arbiter 162 transmits an acknowledge signal to the transfer unit 410 of the event-driven pixel 40, and transmits information transfer from the transfer unit 410 to the signal processing unit 22.
- the transfer unit 410 that has received the acknowledge signal outputs the data indicating its own coordinates, the time when the event is detected, and the polarity of the event (whether the brightness change is positive or negative) to the signal processing unit 22. Along with the output to the signal processing unit 22, the transfer unit 410 outputs a signal for resetting the light receiving element of the event detection unit 400 to the event detection unit 400.
- the light receiving unit 16 detects an event in the event driving pixel 40
- the light receiving unit 16 outputs information on the coordinates, time, and polarity of the luminance change of the pixel that detected the event to the signal processing unit 22.
- the processing after the output to the signal processing unit 22 is as described above.
- FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the event detection unit 400.
- the event detection unit 400 includes a logarithmic response output circuit 402, a differential voltage detection circuit 404, and a comparator 406.
- the logarithmic response output circuit 402 is provided as a part of so-called light receiving pixels, and converts the signal output from the light receiving element into a logarithm and outputs the signal.
- the differential voltage detection circuit 404 and the comparator 406 together operate as a luminance change detector. This luminance change detector, for example, outputs a predetermined or greater luminance change of the light received by the light receiving element with positive and negative polarities based on the signal output from the light receiving pixel.
- the logarithmic response output circuit 402 includes a photodiode PD, which is a photoelectric conversion element, and transistors M1, M2, and M3.
- the photodiode PD When light is incident, the photodiode PD generates a current by photoelectric conversion and outputs it.
- the photodiode PD may be a photodiode that does not utilize avalanche breakdown, as an example without limitation.
- the anode of the photodiode PD is grounded.
- Transistors M1, M2, and M3 form a circuit that converts the current output from the photodiode PD into a logarithmically converted voltage.
- the transistor M1 is, for example, an n-type MOSFET, the drain is connected to the power supply voltage terminal, and the source is the photodiode PD, which is connected to the cathode.
- the transistor M2 is, for example, a p-type MOSFET, the source is connected to the power supply voltage terminal, the drain is connected to the gate of the transistor M1, and a predetermined bias voltage Vb is applied to the gate.
- the transistor M3 is, for example, an n-type MOSFET, the drain is connected to the drain of the transistor M2, the source is grounded, and the gate is connected to the cathode of the photodiode PD.
- the logarithmic response output circuit 402 outputs the voltage at the connection point between the drain of the transistor M2 and the drain of the transistor M3 to the differential voltage detection circuit 404.
- the bias voltage Vb By controlling the bias voltage Vb, it is possible to control whether or not to output the signal received by the pixel.
- the ROI setting described above is realized by the control unit 18 controlling this bias voltage Vb.
- the differential voltage detection circuit 404 includes capacitors C1 and C2, a transistor M4, a switch SW, and a current source I.
- the differential voltage detection circuit 404 acquires and outputs the difference between the output of the logarithmic response output circuit 402 and the reference voltage.
- One terminal of the capacitor C1 is connected to the output of the logarithmic response output circuit 402.
- One terminal of capacitor C2 is connected to the other terminal of capacitor C1. From the other terminal of the capacitor C2, the differential voltage detection circuit 404 outputs a voltage difference from the acquired reference voltage.
- the transistor M4 is, for example, a p-type MOSFET, the source is connected to the power supply voltage terminal, and the drain is connected to the other terminal of the capacitor C2.
- the current source I is connected between the drain of the transistor M4 and the grounding point, and a predetermined current flows from the drain of the transistor M4 and the other terminal of the capacitor C2 to the grounding point. Due to the above configuration, the current source I operates as a circuit in which the transistor M4 and the current source I generate an inverting voltage based on the voltage applied to the gate of the transistor M4 and output it from the drain of the transistor M4. ..
- the voltage input to the differential voltage detection circuit 404 by the capacitor C1 applies the voltage difference from the reference voltage to the gate of the transistor M4.
- the switch SW is connected to the transfer unit 410 described above, and switches on and off based on the reset signal from the transfer unit 410.
- the switch SW turns on and resets the charge stored in the capacitor C2.
- the output of the differential voltage detection circuit 404 is reset to the initial value. Therefore, when the reset signal is input from the transfer unit 410, the event detection unit 400 executes event detection based on the luminance at the timing at which the reset signal is input.
- the comparator 406 is equipped with transistors M5, M6, M7, M8. In the comparator 406, the drive terminals of the transistors M5 and M6 are connected to the input, and the output is performed from the connection points with the transistors M5 and M6 and the connection points with the transistors M7 and M8.
- the transistor M5 is, for example, a p-type MOSFET, the gate is connected to the output of the differential voltage detection circuit 404, and the source is connected to the power supply voltage terminal.
- the transistor M6 is, for example, an n-type MOSFET, the drain is connected to the drain of the transistor M5, the source is grounded, and a predetermined bias voltage Vh is applied to the gate. As described above, the drains of the transistors M5 and M6 are connected to the transfer unit 410 to output.
- the predetermined bias voltage Vh is a voltage indicating a threshold value on the positive side.
- the transistor M7 is, for example, a p-type MOSFET, the gate is connected to the output of the differential voltage detection circuit 404, and the source is connected to the power supply voltage terminal.
- the transistor M8 is, for example, an n-type MOSFET, the drain is connected to the drain of the transistor M7, the source is grounded, and a predetermined bias voltage Vl is applied to the gate. As described above, the drains of the transistors M7 and M8 are connected to the transfer unit 410 to output.
- the predetermined bias voltage Vl is a voltage indicating a threshold value on the negative side.
- the comparator 406 when voltages with Vh and Vl as threshold values are applied, the comparator 406 outputs the corresponding currents.
- a light receiving unit and a light receiving unit having an event driven pixel that outputs an event occurrence based on a threshold value A control unit that controls the light receiving unit.
- a first threshold is set for the event-driven pixel, When an event based on the first threshold value is detected, a second threshold value smaller than the first threshold value is set for the event-driven pixel.
- Control unit and A solid-state image sensor A solid-state image sensor.
- the control unit further When an event based on the first threshold value is detected, the ROI (Region of Interest) in which the event-driven pixel detects the event is set in the light receiving unit.
- the solid-state image sensor according to (1).
- a signal processing unit that processes the signal output by the event-driven pixel.
- the signal processing unit generates an authentication image by time-integrating the signal output by the event-driven pixel.
- An authentication unit that executes authentication using an authentication image based on the signal output by the event-driven pixel.
- the authentication image is a fingerprint image.
- the authentication image is a vein image.
- the optical system comprises a pinhole array.
- the optical system comprises a microlens array.
- the authentication image is a fingerprint image and a vein image, and is The event-driven pixel includes a pixel for acquiring the fingerprint image and a pixel for acquiring the vein image.
- the optical system is adjusted so that the focus position with respect to the pixel for which the fingerprint image is acquired and the focus position with respect to the pixel for which the vein image is acquired are set as different positions.
- the aspect of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but also includes various possible modifications, and the effect of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned contents.
- the components in each embodiment may be applied in appropriate combinations. That is, various additions, changes and partial deletions are possible without departing from the conceptual idea and purpose of the present disclosure derived from the contents specified in the claims and their equivalents.
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Abstract
Description
前述の実施形態において利用した受光部について一例を挙げて説明する。なお、受光部16の形態は、本形態に限定されるものではなく、画素がイベントを検知して当該イベントを検知した画素の座標に関する情報を適切に取得できる構成を有していればよい。
閾値に基づいてイベント発生を出力するイベント駆動画素を備える、受光部と、
前記受光部の制御をする制御部であって、
前記イベント駆動画素に対して第1閾値を設定し、
前記第1閾値に基づいたイベントを検知した場合に、前記第1閾値よりも小さい第2閾値を前記イベント駆動画素に対して設定する、
制御部と、
を備える、固体撮像装置。
前記制御部はさらに、
前記第1閾値に基づいたイベントを検知した場合に、前記受光部において、前記イベント駆動画素がイベント検知をするROI(Region of Interest)を設定する、
(1)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記イベント駆動画素が出力した信号を処理する、信号処理部、
をさらに備える、(1)又は(2)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記信号処理部は、前記イベント駆動画素が出力した信号を時間積分して認証画像を生成する、
(3)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記イベント駆動画素の出力した信号に基づいた認証画像を用いて認証を実行する、認証部、
をさらに備える、(4)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記認証画像は、指紋画像である、
(4)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記認証画像は、静脈画像である、
(4)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記受光部に属するそれぞれの前記イベント駆動画素に光を受光させる、光学系、
をさらに備える、(1)から(7)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記光学系は、ピンホールアレイを備える、
(8)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記光学系は、マイクロレンズアレイを備える、
(8)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記認証画像は、指紋画像及び静脈画像であり、
前記イベント駆動画素は、前記指紋画像を取得する画素と、前記静脈画像を取得する画素と、が備えられる、
(9)又は(10)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記指紋画像を取得する画素と、前記静脈画像を取得する画素と、は、市松模様状に配置される、(11)に記載の固体撮像装置。
前記光学系は、前記指紋画像を取得する画素に対するピントの位置と、前記静脈画像を取得する画素に対するピントの位置と、を異なる位置として調整される、
(12)に記載の固体撮像装置。
(1)から(13)のいずれかに記載の固体撮像装置、
を備える、電子機器。
映像を出力する、発光部、
をさらに備え、
対象に対して、前記発光部よりも遠くに前記受光部が備えられる、
(14)に記載の電子機器。
2:固体撮像装置、
10:認証装置、
12:カバーガラス、14:光学系、16:受光部、
18:制御部、20:記憶部、22:信号処理部、24:画像処理部、26:認証部、
28:発光部、
30:ピンホール、
40:イベント駆動画素、400:イベント検出部、410:転送部、
402:対数応答出力回路、404:差分電圧検出回路、406:比較器、
M1、M2、M3、M4、M5、M6、M7、M8:トランジスタ、
PD:フォトダイオード、
C1、C2:キャパシタ、
SW:スイッチ、
I:電流源
Claims (15)
- 閾値に基づいてイベント発生を出力するイベント駆動画素を備える、受光部と、
前記受光部の制御をする制御部であって、
前記イベント駆動画素に対して第1閾値を設定し、
前記第1閾値に基づいたイベントを検知した場合に、前記第1閾値よりも小さい第2閾値を前記イベント駆動画素に対して設定する、
制御部と、
を備える、固体撮像装置。 - 前記制御部はさらに、
前記第1閾値に基づいたイベントを検知した場合に、前記受光部において、前記イベント駆動画素がイベント検知をするROI(Region of Interest)を設定する、
請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記イベント駆動画素が出力した信号を処理する、信号処理部、
をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記信号処理部は、前記イベント駆動画素が出力した信号を時間積分して認証画像を生成する、
請求項3に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記認証画像を用いて認証を実行する、認証部、
をさらに備える、請求項4に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記認証画像は、指紋画像である、
請求項4に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記認証画像は、静脈画像である、
請求項4に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記受光部に属するそれぞれの前記イベント駆動画素に光を受光させる、光学系、
をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光学系は、ピンホールアレイを備える、
請求項8に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光学系は、マイクロレンズアレイを備える、
請求項8に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記イベント駆動画素が出力した信号を時間積分した認証画像は、指紋画像及び静脈画像であり、
前記イベント駆動画素は、前記指紋画像を取得する画素と、前記静脈画像を取得する画素と、が備えられる、
請求項9に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記指紋画像を取得する画素と、前記静脈画像を取得する画素と、は、市松模様状に配置される、請求項11に記載の固体撮像装置。
- 前記光学系は、前記指紋画像を取得する画素に対するピントの位置と、前記静脈画像を取得する画素に対するピントの位置と、を異なる位置として調整される、
請求項12に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置、
を備える、電子機器。 - 映像を出力する、発光部、
をさらに備え、
対象に対して、前記発光部よりも遠くに前記受光部が備えられる、
請求項14に記載の電子機器。
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