WO2022056665A1 - Optimisation de latence et fiabilité de communication vocale par duplexage par répartition dans le temps et relais - Google Patents

Optimisation de latence et fiabilité de communication vocale par duplexage par répartition dans le temps et relais Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022056665A1
WO2022056665A1 PCT/CN2020/115276 CN2020115276W WO2022056665A1 WO 2022056665 A1 WO2022056665 A1 WO 2022056665A1 CN 2020115276 W CN2020115276 W CN 2020115276W WO 2022056665 A1 WO2022056665 A1 WO 2022056665A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pdus
subset
qos flow
voice data
threshold
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PCT/CN2020/115276
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English (en)
Inventor
Nan Zhang
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Qualcomm Incorporated
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/115276 priority Critical patent/WO2022056665A1/fr
Publication of WO2022056665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022056665A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/03—Reselecting a link using a direct mode connection
    • H04W36/037—Reselecting a link using a direct mode connection by reducing handover delay, e.g. latency

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly, to wireless communication involving device-to-device communication over sidelink channels.
  • Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts.
  • Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single-carrier frequency division multiple access
  • TD-SCDMA time division synchronous code division multiple access
  • 5G New Radio is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things (IoT) ) , and other requirements.
  • 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
  • 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , massive machine type communications (mMTC) , and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) .
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine type communications
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low latency communications
  • Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the radio connection may be more unstable compared with the device-to-base station connection.
  • a call over the sidelink may be more likely to be broken or disconnected during beam failure.
  • Aspects presented herein may improve the reliability and latency of D2D communication over sidelink channels by enabling a transmitting user equipment (UE) to transmit different subsets of data (e.g., time division duplexed voice data) to a receiving UE through different quality of service (QoS) flows and connections.
  • UE user equipment
  • QoS quality of service
  • a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided for wireless communication at a first UE.
  • the apparatus may allocate, during a multimedia communication session, a first subset of protocol data units (PDUs) of a set of PDUs of voice data to a first QoS flow, and a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data to a second QoS flow, the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs may be interleaved within the set of PDUs.
  • the apparatus may also transmit, during the multimedia communication session, the first subset of PDUs allocated based on the first QoS flow directly to the second UE.
  • the apparatus may also transmit, during the multimedia communication session, the second subset of PDUs allocated based on the second QoS flow to a third UE for relay to the second UE.
  • a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided for wireless communication at a second UE.
  • the apparatus may receive, during a multimedia communication session and based on a first QoS flow, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data directly from a first UE.
  • the apparatus may also receive, during the multimedia communication session and based on a second QoS flow, a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data from a third UE relayed from the first UE.
  • the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs may be interleaved within the set of PDUs.
  • the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.
  • the following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network.
  • FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of DL channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of UL channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and user equipment (UE) in an access network.
  • UE user equipment
  • FIGs. 4A and 4B illustrate example aspects of a sidelink slot structure.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of sidelink communication.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of sidelink communication involving a relay UE.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of QoS flow.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of dual independent QoS flows for a multimedia communication session.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of transmitting voice data through two QoS flows based on TDD.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a QoS flow failure.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of switching relay connections.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of transmitting same voice packets through additional relay.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of changing allocation of voice packets based on a channel quality.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example apparatus.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example apparatus.
  • processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs) , central processing units (CPUs) , application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC) , baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure.
  • processors in the processing system may execute software.
  • Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
  • the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.
  • such computer-readable media can comprise a random-access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
  • RAM random-access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable ROM
  • optical disk storage magnetic disk storage
  • magnetic disk storage other magnetic storage devices
  • combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network 100.
  • the wireless communications system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN) ) includes base stations 102, UEs 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and another core network 190 (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC) ) .
  • the base stations 102 may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) and/or small cells (low power cellular base station) .
  • the macrocells include base stations.
  • the small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.
  • the base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE may interface with the EPC 160 through first backhaul links 132 (e.g., S1 interface) .
  • the base stations 102 configured for 5G NR may interface with core network 190 through second backhaul links 184.
  • the base stations 102 may perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity) , inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) , subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM) , paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • RAN radio access network
  • MBMS multimedia broadcast multicast service
  • RIM RAN information management
  • the base stations 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or core network 190) with each other over third backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface) .
  • the first backhaul links 132, the second backhaul links 184, and the third backhaul links 134 may be wired or wireless.
  • the base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Each of the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110. There may be overlapping geographic coverage areas 110. For example, the small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or more macro base stations 102.
  • a network that includes both small cell and macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network.
  • a heterogeneous network may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs) , which may provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG) .
  • eNBs Home Evolved Node Bs
  • HeNBs Home Evolved Node Bs
  • CSG closed subscriber group
  • the communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and the UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and/or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a UE 104.
  • the communication links 120 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and/or transmit diversity.
  • the communication links may be through one or more carriers.
  • the base stations 102 /UEs 104 may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc.
  • the component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers.
  • a primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell) .
  • D2D communication link 158 may use the DL/UL WWAN spectrum.
  • the D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) .
  • sidelink channels such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) .
  • sidelink channels such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) , a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH) , a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) .
  • D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBe
  • the wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154, e.g., in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum or the like.
  • AP Wi-Fi access point
  • STAs Wi-Fi stations
  • communication links 154 e.g., in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum or the like.
  • the STAs 152 /AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.
  • CCA clear channel assessment
  • the small cell 102' may operate in a licensed and/or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell 102' may employ NR and use the same unlicensed frequency spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz, or the like) as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cell 102', employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and/or increase capacity of the access network.
  • the small cell 102' employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and/or increase capacity of the access network.
  • the electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, based on frequency/wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc.
  • two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) .
  • the frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies.
  • FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles.
  • FR2 which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz –300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.
  • EHF extremely high frequency
  • ITU International Telecommunications Union
  • sub-6 GHz or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies.
  • millimeter wave or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, or may be within the EHF band.
  • a base station 102 may include and/or be referred to as an eNB, gNodeB (gNB) , or another type of base station.
  • Some base stations, such as gNB 180 may operate in a traditional sub 6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave frequencies, and/or near millimeter wave frequencies in communication with the UE 104.
  • the gNB 180 may be referred to as a millimeter wave base station.
  • the millimeter wave base station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to compensate for the path loss and short range.
  • the base station 180 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and/or antenna arrays to facilitate the beamforming.
  • the base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182'.
  • the UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receive directions 182”.
  • the UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to the base station 180 in one or more transmit directions.
  • the base station 180 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions.
  • the base station 180 /UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base station 180 /UE 104.
  • the transmit and receive directions for the base station 180 may or may not be the same.
  • the transmit and receive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.
  • the EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • MBMS Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
  • BM-SC Broadcast Multicast Service Center
  • PDN Packet Data Network
  • the MME 162 may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174.
  • HSS Home Subscriber Server
  • the MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160.
  • the MME 162 provides bearer and connection management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 172.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions.
  • the PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176.
  • the IP Services 176 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services.
  • the BM-SC 170 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery.
  • the BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN) , and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.
  • MMSFN Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network
  • the core network 190 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195.
  • the AMF 192 may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196.
  • the AMF 192 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the core network 190.
  • the AMF 192 provides QoS flow and session management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the UPF 195.
  • the UPF 195 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions.
  • the UPF 195 is connected to the IP Services 197.
  • the IP Services 197 may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , a Packet Switch (PS) Streaming (PSS) Service, and/or other IP services.
  • IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
  • PS Packet Switch
  • PSS Packet
  • the base station may include and/or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS) , an extended service set (ESS) , a transmit reception point (TRP) , or some other suitable terminology.
  • the base station 102 provides an access point to the EPC 160 or core network 190 for a UE 104.
  • Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player) , a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor/actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc. ) .
  • the UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.
  • the UE 104 may include a QoS flow component 198 configured to allocate, during a multimedia communication session, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data to a first QoS flow, and a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data to a second QoS flow, where the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs may be interleaved within the set of PDUs.
  • the QoS flow component 198 may further be configured to transmit, during the multimedia communication session, the first subset of PDUs allocated based on the first QoS flow directly to the second UE.
  • the QoS flow component 198 may further be configured to transmit, during the multimedia communication session, the second subset of PDUs allocated based on the second QoS flow to a third UE for relay to the second UE.
  • the QoS flow component 198 may be configured to receive, during a multimedia communication session and based on a first QoS flow, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data directly from a first UE.
  • the QoS flow component 198 may further be configured to receive, during the multimedia communication session and based on a second QoS flow, a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data from a third UE relayed from the first UE, receive, during the multimedia communication session and based on a second QoS flow, a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data from a third UE relayed from the first UE, where the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs may be interleaved within the set of PDUs.
  • FIG. 2A is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure.
  • FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe.
  • FIG. 2C is a diagram 250 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure.
  • FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G NR subframe.
  • the 5G NR frame structure may be frequency division duplexed (FDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL, or may be time division duplexed (TDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) , subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL.
  • FDD frequency division duplexed
  • TDD time division duplexed
  • the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL) , where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible for use between DL/UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 1 (with all UL) . While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 1, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols.
  • UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI) , or semi-statically/statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI) .
  • DCI DL control information
  • RRC radio resource control
  • SFI received slot format indicator
  • a frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms) .
  • Each subframe may include one or more time slots.
  • Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols.
  • Each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot configuration. For slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14 symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols.
  • the symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols.
  • the symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (also referred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission) .
  • the number of slots within a subframe is based on the slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0, different numerologies ⁇ 0 to 4 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots, respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, different numerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, per subframe. Accordingly, for slot configuration 0 and numerology ⁇ , there are 14 symbols/slot and 2 ⁇ slots/subframe.
  • the subcarrier spacing and symbol length/duration are a function of the numerology.
  • the subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2 ⁇ *15 kHz, where ⁇ is the numerology 0 to 4.
  • the symbol length/duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing.
  • the slot duration is 0.25 ms
  • the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz
  • the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 ⁇ s.
  • Each BWP may have a particular numerology.
  • a resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure.
  • Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs) ) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers.
  • RB resource block
  • PRBs physical RBs
  • the resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs) . The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.
  • the RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE.
  • DM-RS demodulation RS
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signals
  • the RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS) , beam refinement RS (BRRS) , and phase tracking RS (PT-RS) .
  • BRS beam measurement RS
  • BRRS beam refinement RS
  • PT-RS phase tracking RS
  • FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame.
  • the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs) , each CCE including six RE groups (REGs) , each REG including 12 consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol of an RB.
  • CCEs control channel elements
  • REGs RE groups
  • a PDCCH within one BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET) .
  • CORESET control resource set
  • a UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., common search space, UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring occasions on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at greater and/or lower frequencies across the channel bandwidth.
  • a primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 to determine subframe/symbol timing and a physical layer identity.
  • a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing.
  • the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) . Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DM-RS.
  • the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) which carries a master information block (MIB) , may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) /PBCH block (also referred to as SS block (SSB) ) .
  • the MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN) .
  • the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs) , and paging messages.
  • SIBs system information blocks
  • some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station.
  • the UE may transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) .
  • the PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH.
  • the PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used.
  • the UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS) .
  • the SRS may be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe.
  • the SRS may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRS on one of the combs.
  • the SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.
  • FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame.
  • the PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration.
  • the PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI) , such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI) , a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) , a rank indicator (RI) , and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ACK/NACK feedback.
  • UCI uplink control information
  • the PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR) , a power headroom report (PHR) , and/or UCI.
  • BSR buffer status report
  • PHR power headroom report
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 310 in communication with a UE 350 in an access network.
  • IP packets from the EPC 160 may be provided to a controller/processor 375.
  • the controller/processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
  • Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer
  • layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC medium access control
  • the controller/processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) , RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release) , inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression /decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) , and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs) , error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs) , re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs) , demultiplexing of MAC SDU
  • the transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions.
  • Layer 1 which includes a physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding/decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, modulation/demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing.
  • the TX processor 316 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) , quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) , M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK) , M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) ) .
  • BPSK binary phase-shift keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase-shift keying
  • M-PSK M-phase-shift keying
  • M-QAM M-quadrature amplitude modulation
  • the coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams.
  • Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and/or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream.
  • IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • the OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams.
  • Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing.
  • the channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and/or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 350.
  • Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318 TX.
  • Each transmitter 318 TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
  • each receiver 354 RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 352.
  • Each receiver 354 RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 356.
  • the TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions.
  • the RX processor 356 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they may be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbol stream.
  • the RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) .
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal.
  • the symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 358.
  • the soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel.
  • the data and control signals are then provided to the controller/processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.
  • the controller/processor 359 can be associated with a memory 360 that stores program codes and data.
  • the memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium.
  • the controller/processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160.
  • the controller/processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
  • the controller/processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression /decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification) ; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.
  • RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting
  • PDCP layer functionality associated with
  • Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used by the TX processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing.
  • the spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antenna 352 via separate transmitters 354TX. Each transmitter 354TX may modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
  • the UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 350.
  • Each receiver 318RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 320.
  • Each receiver 318RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 370.
  • the controller/processor 375 can be associated with a memory 376 that stores program codes and data.
  • the memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium.
  • the controller/processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 350. IP packets from the controller/processor 375 may be provided to the EPC 160.
  • the controller/processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
  • At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller/processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the QoS flow component 198 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4A and 4B are diagrams 400 and 410 illustrating example aspects of slot structures that may be used for sidelink communication (e.g., between UEs 104, RSU 107, etc. ) .
  • the slot structure may be within a 5G/NR frame structure.
  • 5G NR 5G NR
  • the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.
  • a frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms) . Each subframe may include one or more time slots.
  • Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot configuration. For slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14 symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols.
  • Diagram 400 illustrates a single resource block of a single slot transmission, e.g., which may correspond to a 0.5 ms transmission time interval (TTI) .
  • a physical sidelink control channel may be configured to occupy multiple physical resource blocks (PRBs) , e.g., 10, 12, 15, 20, or 25 PRBs.
  • the PSCCH may be limited to a single sub-channel.
  • a PSCCH duration may be configured to be 2 symbols or 3 symbols, for example.
  • a sub-channel may comprise 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, or 100 PRBs, for example.
  • the resources for a sidelink transmission may be selected from a resource pool including one or more subchannels.
  • the resource pool may include between 1-27 subchannels.
  • a PSCCH size may be established for a resource pool, e.g., as between 10-100%of one subchannel for a duration of 2 symbols or 3 symbols.
  • the diagram 410 in FIG. 4B illustrates an example in which the PSCCH occupies about 50%of a subchannel, as one example to illustrate the concept of PSCCH occupying a portion of a subchannel.
  • the physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) occupies at least one subchannel.
  • the PSCCH may include a first portion of sidelink control information (SCI)
  • the PSSCH may include a second portion of SCI in some examples.
  • a resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure.
  • Each time slot may include a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs) ) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers.
  • the resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs) .
  • the number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.
  • some of the REs may comprise control information in PSCCH and some REs may comprise demodulation RS (DMRS) .
  • DMRS demodulation RS
  • At least one symbol may be used for feedback.
  • FIGs. 4A and 4B illustrate examples with two symbols for a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) with adjacent gap symbols. A symbol prior to and/or after the feedback may be used for turnaround between reception of data and transmission of the feedback.
  • PSFCH physical sidelink feedback channel
  • the gap enables a device to switch from operating as a transmitting device to prepare to operate as a receiving device, e.g., in the following slot.
  • Data may be transmitted in the remaining REs, as illustrated.
  • the data may comprise the data message described herein.
  • the position of any of the data, DMRS, SCI, feedback, gap symbols, and/or LBT symbols may be different than the example illustrated in FIGs. 4A and 4B. Multiple slots may be aggregated together in some examples.
  • a sidelink communication may include vehicle-based communication devices that can communicate from vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) , vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) (e.g., from the vehicle-based communication device to road infrastructure nodes such as a road side unit (RSU) ) , vehicle-to-network (V2N) (e.g., from the vehicle-based communication device to one or more network nodes, such as a base station) , vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) , cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) , and/or a combination thereof and/or with other devices, which can be collectively referred to as vehicle-to-anything (V2X) communications.
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2I vehicle-to-infrastructure
  • V2N vehicle-to-network
  • V2P vehicle-to-pedestrian
  • C-V2X cellular vehicle-to-everything
  • Sidelink communication may be based on V2X or other D2D communication, such as proximity-based services (ProSe) , etc.
  • sidelink communication may also be transmitted and received by other transmitting and receiving devices, such as road side unit (RSU) 107, etc.
  • Sidelink communication may be exchanged using a PC5 interface, such as described in connection with the example in FIGs. 4A and 4B.
  • RSU road side unit
  • Sidelink communication may be exchanged using a PC5 interface, such as described in connection with the example in FIGs. 4A and 4B.
  • the following description, including the example slot structure of FIGs. 4A and 4B may provide examples for sidelink communication in connection with 5G NR, the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example 500 of wireless communication between devices based on sidelink communication.
  • the communication may be based on a slot structure comprising aspects described in connection with FIGs. 4A and 4B.
  • transmitting UE 502 may transmit a transmission 514, e.g., comprising a control channel and/or a corresponding data channel, that may be received by receiving UEs 504, 506, 508.
  • a control channel may include information for decoding a data channel and may also be used by a receiving device to avoid interference by refraining from transmitting on the occupied resources during a data transmission.
  • the number of TTIs, as well as the RBs that will be occupied by the data transmission may be indicated in a control message from the transmitting device.
  • the UEs 502, 504, 506, 508 may each be capable of operating as a transmitting device in addition to operating as a receiving device. Thus, UEs 506, 508 are illustrated as transmitting transmissions 516, 520.
  • the transmissions 514, 516, 520 may be broadcast or multicast to nearby devices. For example, UE 514 may transmit communication intended for receipt by other UEs within a range 501 of UE 514. Additionally, or alternatively, the RSU 507 may receive communication from and/or transmit communication 518 to UEs 502, 504, 506, 508.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram 600 illustrating an example of wireless relaying between a transmitting UE 602 (e.g., UE-A) and a receiving UE 604 (e.g., UE-B) .
  • the transmitting UE 602 may establish a direct connection 608 with the receiving UE 604, such as through a Uu interface.
  • the transmitting UE 602 may also establish additional connection 610 with the receiving UE 604, such as indirectly through a relay UE 606 (e.g., under a dual connectivity mode) . Similarly, on the connection 610, both the transmitting UE 602 and the receiving UE 604 may communicate with the relay UE 606 through a Uu interface. A transmitting UE 602 may determine to communicate with the receiving UE 604 through the relay UE 606 for various purposes. For example, there may be atmospheric and/or environmental interference between the transmitting UE 602 and the receiving UE 604, but the transmitting UE 602 may still be able to transmit or receive data through the relay UE 606.
  • the transmitting UE 602 may desire to improve the transmission speed and/or reliability with link diversity, where the transmitting UE 602 may be configured to communicate with the receiving UE 604 through multiple links (e.g., connections) .
  • the transmitting UE 602 and/or the receiving UE 604 may transmit the same, duplicate data through the first connection 608 and the second connection 610.
  • the dual transmission may enhance the reliability of the transmission because the same data is being transmitted via two different links.
  • the transmitting UE 602 and/or the receiving UE 604 may transmit different data through the first connection 608 and the second connection 610.
  • the transmitting UE 602 and/or the receiving UE 604 may split data and transmit one portion of the data through the first connection 608 and another portion of the data through the second connection 610. This may enhance the speed of the transmission as more bandwidth may be utilized via the sidelink.
  • the transmitting UE 602 and/or the receiving UE 604 may also transmit data selectively between the first connection 608 and the second connection 610 depending on which connection has better connection quality and/or resource availability (i.e., link selections) . The selection may also depend on TDD configurations, transmission/receiver beam choice and/or carrier frequency of the transmission.
  • the radio connection may be more unstable compared with the UE-to-base station connection even with beam enhancements.
  • the voice data e.g., voice over NR (VONR) call
  • VONR voice over NR
  • QoS quality of service
  • packets e.g., data packets
  • QFIs QoS flow identifiers
  • the QoS flows may be mapped in an access network to data radio bearers (DRBs) .
  • DRBs data radio bearers
  • different types of communication services may be associated with different QoS flows.
  • each QoS flow may be associated with a 5G QoS indicator (5QI)
  • each QoS flow or 5QI may include various QoS parameters such as guaranteed bit rate (GBR) (e.g., utilize a guaranteed flow bit rate) or non-guaranteed bit rate (non-GBR) (e.g., may not utilize a guaranteed flow bit rate) , default priority level, packet delay budget, packet error rate, default averaging window, etc.
  • GRR guaranteed bit rate
  • non-GBR non-guaranteed bit rate
  • the voice communication or the voice data of the voice communication may be associated with a QoS flow 708, where data packets may be transmitted between the transmitting UE 702 and the receiving UE 704 based on the QoS flow 708.
  • a UE may enhance the voice communication (e.g., VONR) reliability and latency with another UE by enabling or establishing dual independent QOS flows over two different links/connections (e.g., a direct connection and an indirect connection over a relay UE) for the voice communication. Then, the UEs may transmit voice packets to each other over the dual independent QoS flows based on time division, where each voice packet (e.g., voice encoding sample) transmission may be switched between the dual independent QoS flows.
  • voice communication e.g., VONR
  • a UE may enhance the voice communication (e.g., VONR) reliability and latency with another UE by enabling or establishing dual independent QOS flows over two different links/connections (e.g., a direct connection and an indirect connection over a relay UE) for the voice communication.
  • the UEs may transmit voice packets to each other over the dual independent QoS flows based on time division, where each voice packet (e.g., voice
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram 800 illustrating an example of establishing dual independent QoS flows for a multimedia communication session according to aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a transmitting UE 802 may establish a multimedia communication session 812 (e.g., a voice communication session, a voice over NR session, etc. ) with a receiving UE 804 through a first connection 808 (e.g., a direct connection over a Uu interface) .
  • a multimedia communication session 812 e.g., a voice communication session, a voice over NR session, etc.
  • a first connection 808 e.g., a direct connection over a Uu interface
  • the first connection 808 may be associated with a first QoS flow 814, such that the transmitting UE 804 may transmit voice packets (e.g., protocol data units (PDUs) ) of voice data to the receiving UE 804 and vice versa during the multimedia communication session 812 based on the first QoS flow 814, such as described in connection with FIG. 7.
  • voice packets e.g., protocol data units (PDUs)
  • PDUs protocol data units
  • the transmitting UE 802 may also be able to communicate with the receiving UE 804 through a relay UE 806, such as described in connection with FIG. 6, the transmitting UE 802 may establish a second connection 810 (e.g., an indirect or relay connection) with the receiving UE 804 through a relay UE 806 (e.g., a third UE) .
  • a second connection 810 e.g., an indirect or relay connection
  • the second connection 810 may be associated with a second QoS flow 816, such that the transmitting UE 804 may transmit voice packets (e.g., PDUs) of voice data to the receiving UE 804 and vice versa during the multimedia communication session 812 based on the second QoS flow 816.
  • the transmitting UE 802 may first transmit voice packets to the relay UE 806, and then the relay UE 806 may relay (e.g., forward) the voice packets to the receiving UE 804, etc.
  • the voice communication reliability may be enhanced through link diversity.
  • one of the QoS flows (e.g., the first or the second QoS flow) experiences beam failure or a worsening channel condition, a portion of the voice packets may still reach the receiving UE 804 through another QoS flow.
  • a transmitting UE may transmit the voice data to a receiving UE 804 based on time division duplexing (TDD) .
  • TDD time division duplexing
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram 900 illustrating an example of transmitting voice data through two QoS flows based on TDD.
  • a transmitting UE 902 may establish a multimedia communication session 912 (e.g., a voice communication session, a voice over NR session, etc.
  • a first connection 908 e.g., a direct connection
  • a first QoS flow 914 e.g., a first QoS flow 914
  • the transmitting UE 904 may transmit PDUs of voice data 918 to the receiving UE 904 and vice versa during the multimedia communication session 912 based on the first QoS flow 914, such as described in connection with FIG. 8.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may establish a second connection 910 (e.g., an indirect or relay connection) with the receiving UE 904 through a relay UE 906 (e.g., a third UE) , where the second connection 910 may be associated with a second QoS flow 916 such that the transmitting UE 904 may transmit PDUs of the voice data 918 to the receiving UE 904 and vice versa during the multimedia communication session 912 based on the second QoS flow 916.
  • a second connection 910 e.g., an indirect or relay connection
  • the second connection 910 may be associated with a second QoS flow 916 such that the transmitting UE 904 may transmit PDUs of the voice data 918 to the receiving UE 904 and vice versa during the multimedia communication session 912 based on the second QoS flow 916.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may allocate, during the multimedia communication session 912, a first subset of PDUs 920 of a set of PDUs of the voice data 918 to the first QoS flow 914, and a second subset of PDUs 922 of the set of PDUs of the voice data 918 to the second QoS flow 916.
  • the first subset of PDUs 920 and the second subset of PDUs 922 may be interleaved within the set of PDUs (e.g., within the voice data 918) .
  • the first subset of PDUs 920 (e.g., directly to the receiving UE 904) and the second subset of PDUs 922 (e.g., indirect to the receiving UE 904 through the relay UE 906) may be time division duplexed (TDDed) , where PDUs within the voice data 918 are divided based in time.
  • each PDU may have a time interval of 20 ms, 40 ms, 60 ms, etc.
  • the time interval may be the same for each PDU within the voice data 918, or it may be different.
  • PDUs for one QoS flow may have a longer or shorter time interval than the PDUs for another QoS flow.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may transmit the first subset of PDUs 920 (e.g., allocated based on the first QoS flow 914) directly to the receiving UE 904, and the transmitting UE 902 may transmit the second subset of PDUs 922 (e.g., allocated based on the second QoS flow 916) to the relay UE 906 for relay to the receiving UE 904.
  • each voice encoding sample (e.g., PDU) transmission for the voice data 918 may be switched between the first QoS flow 914 and the second QoS flow 916.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may allocate every other N adjacent PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data 918 to the first QoS flow 914 and remaining PDUs to the second QoS flow 916.
  • N the number of PDUs of the voice data 918
  • remaining PDUs of the voice data 918 may be allocated to the second QoS flow.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may transmit a first 20 ms of voice packet (s) (e.g., PDU) in the first QoS flow 914, a second 20 ms of voice packet in the second QoS flow 916, a third 20 ms of voice packet (s) (e.g., PDU) in the first QoS flow 914, a fourth 20 ms of voice packet in the second QoS flow 916, and so on.
  • the receiving UE 904 may decode (e.g., in real-time) the voice packets received from the first QoS flow 914 and the second QoS flow 916) .
  • the voice communication reliability may be enhanced through link diversity. For example, as shown by diagram 1000 of FIG. 10, if the first QoS flow 914 experiences beam failure or a worsening channel condition that causes the first subset of PDUs 920 to be unable to reach the receiving UE 904, at least a portion of the voice data 918 (e.g., the second subset of PDUs 922) may still reach the receiving UE 904 through the second QoS flow 916.
  • any dedicated radio bearer (DRB) meets radio connections failure, while one QoS flow may fail, another QoS flow may still provide successful transmission.
  • DRB dedicated radio bearer
  • the receiving UE 904 may still receive approximately 50%of the voice data 918. While the voice quality of the voice data may be damaged, an end user at the receiving UE 904 may still be able to hear the voice clearly.
  • aspects of the present disclosure may increase the voice communication (e.g., the VONR) reliability and latency, and may have no radio resources waste (e.g., without greatly increasing radio resources) .
  • a transmitting UE may also establish more than two connections with a receiving UE, such as through a direct connection and multiple indirect connections (e.g., through two or three relays, etc. ) .
  • Each connection may be associated with a QoS flow, such that the transmitting UE may transmit different voice packets of voice data through different connections/QoS flows, as described in connection with FIG. 9.
  • a relay connection between a transmitting UE and a receiving UE may experience a connection failure or a worsening channel condition, such that the transmitting UE may not be able to transmit voice packets to the receiving UE over the relay connection.
  • the transmitting UE may switch the QoS flow associated with the current relay connection to another relay connection through another relay UE.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram 1100 illustrating an example of switching relay connections.
  • a transmitting UE 1102 e.g., a first UE
  • the first connection 1108 may be associated with a first QoS flow, such that the transmitting UE 1104 may transmit PDUs of voice data to the receiving UE 1104 and vice versa based on the first QoS flow, as described in connection with FIG. 8.
  • the transmitting UE 1102 may establish a second connection 1110 (e.g., an indirect or relay connection) with the receiving UE 1104 through a relay UE 1106 (e.g., a third UE) , where the second connection 1110 may be associated with a second QoS flow 1116 such that the transmitting UE 1104 may transmit PDUs of voice data 1118 to the receiving UE 1104 and vice versa during the multimedia communication session based on the second QoS flow 1116.
  • a second connection 1110 e.g., an indirect or relay connection
  • the second connection 1110 may be associated with a second QoS flow 1116 such that the transmitting UE 1104 may transmit PDUs of voice data 1118 to the receiving UE 1104 and vice
  • the transmitting UE 1102 may determine that at least one of a channel quality for the transmission to the relay UE 1106 (e.g., connection between the transmitting UE 1102 and the relay UE 1106) is less than a threshold or determine that a channel quality for the relay from the relay UE 1106 to the receiving UE 1104 (e.g., connection between the relay UE 1106 and the receiving UE 1104) is less than the threshold. Based on the determination, the transmitting UE 1102 may switch the second QoS flow 1116 from the relay UE 1106 to another relay UE 1118 (e.g., a fourth UE) , such that the second QoS flow 1116 is associated with a new relay connection 1120.
  • a relay UE 1118 e.g., a fourth UE
  • the transmitting UE 1102 may transmit PDUs of voice data (e.g., voice packets that were to be transmitted through the connection 1110) to the relay UE 1118 for relay to the receiving UE 1104. Additionally or optionally, the receiving UE 1104 may also switch, based on decoding errors in association with the second subset of PDUs from the relay UE 1106 (e.g., based on the connection 1110) , the second QoS flow 1116 from the relay UE 1106 to the relay UE 1118. Then the receiving UE 1104 may receive, based on the second QoS flow 1116, the second subset of PDUs of the transmitting UE 1102 from the relay UE 1118.
  • voice data e.g., voice packets that were to be transmitted through the connection 1110
  • the receiving UE 1104 may also switch, based on decoding errors in association with the second subset of PDUs from the relay UE 1106 (e.g., based on the connection 1110) , the second QoS flow
  • a direct connection 1208 associated with a first QoS flow 1214 between a transmitting UE 1202 (e.g., a first UE) and a receiving UE 1204 (e.g., a second UE) may experience a connection failure or a worsening channel condition, such that the transmitting UE 1202 may not be able to transmit one or more voice packets successfully to the receiving UE 1204 over the direct connection 1208 or the first QoS flow 1214.
  • the transmitting UE 1202 may determine that a channel quality for the transmission to the receiving UE 1204 is less than a threshold.
  • the transmitting UE 1202 may configure, based on the determination, an additional QoS flow through an additional relay UE. For example, in addition to an existing relay connection 1210 that is associated with a second QoS flow 1216 (e.g., via a relay (third) UE 1206) , the transmitting UE 1202 may establish a third connection 1220 (e.g., a second indirect or relay connection) with the receiving UE 1204 through a second relay UE 1218 (e.g., a fourth UE) , where the third connection 1220 may be associated with a third QoS flow 1222.
  • a third connection 1220 e.g., a second indirect or relay connection
  • the third connection 1220 may be associated with a third QoS flow 1222.
  • the transmitting UE 1102 may transmit PDUs of voice data (e.g., voice packets that were to be transmitted through the direct connection 1210) to the relay UE 1218 for relay to the receiving UE 1204.
  • the transmitting UE 1204 may transmit the same or duplicated subset (e.g., the first subset) of PDUs to the receiving UE 1204 through the third QoS flow 1222 instead of the first QoS flow 1214 when the transmitting UE 1204 determines that a channel quality for the transmission to the receiving UE 1204 is less than a threshold.
  • the transmitting UE 1204 may simultaneously transmit the same or duplicated subset (e.g., the first subset) of PDUs to the receiving UE 1204 through both the first QoS flow 1214 and the third QoS flow (e.g., without dropping the first QoS flow 1214) . While the first QoS flow 1214 may experience a channel quality below a threshold, the first QoS flow 1214 may still be able to transmit at least a portion of data.
  • the receiving UE 1204 may combine the received subset of PDUs from the transmitting UE 1202 and the same subset of PDUs from the second relay UE 1208 into a combined subset of PDUs. This may enhance the communication reliability in case one of the QoS flows fails or is below a transmission threshold.
  • a transmitting UE 1302 may determine that a channel quality for the transmission to a receiving UE 1304 (e.g., through the direct transmission 1308) is less than a first threshold, and that both a channel quality for the transmission to a relay UE 1306 (e.g., connection 1310) is greater than a second threshold and/or a channel quality for the relay from the relay UE 1306 to the receiving UE 1304 (e.g., connection 1311) is greater than the second threshold.
  • the transmitting UE 1302 may change (e.g., increase) the allocation of PDUs to the second subset of PDUs 1322 (e.g., for transmitting through a second QoS flow 1316) and/or change (e.g., decrease) the allocation of PDUs to the first subset of PDUs 1320 (e.g., for transmitting through a first QoS flow 1314) .
  • the transmitting UE 1302 may allocate 1/3 of the PDUs to the first QoS flow 1314 and 2/3 of the PDUs to the second QoS flow 1316 to improve the voice communication. In other words, more PDUs may be transmitted through the connection (e.g., connections 1310 and 1311) with better channel quality. Alternatively or additionally, the transmitting UE 1302 may also allocate a longer time interval for the TDDed voice packets/PDUs to the second QoS flow 1316.
  • each PDU to the first QoS flow 1314 may have a first or a shorter time interval (e.g., 20 ms) and each PDU to the second QoS flow 1316 may have a second or a longer time interval (e.g., 40 ms) .
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a method 1400 of wireless communication.
  • the method may be performed by a first UE or a component of a first UE (e.g., the UE 104, 350; the transmitting UE 502, 602, 702, 802, 902, 1102, 1202, 1302; a processing system, which may include the memory 360 and which may be the entire UE 350 or a component of the UE 350, such as the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359) .
  • a dashed line may enable the first UE to transmit voice packets of a voice communication to a second UE through multiple connections (e.g., QoS flows) to enhance the reliability of the voice communication.
  • the first UE may allocate, during a multimedia communication session, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data to a first QoS flow, and a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data to a second QoS flow, the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs may be interleaved within the set of PDUs, such as described in connection with FIG. 9.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may allocate, during a multimedia communication session 912, a first subset of PDUs 920 of the voice data 918 to the first QoS flow 914, and a second subset of PDUs 922 of the voice data 918 to the second QoS flow 916, where the first subset of PDUs 920 and the second subset of PDUs 920 may be interleaved within the set of PDUs.
  • the first subset of PDUs to the second UE and the second subset of PDUs to the third UE may be time division duplexed, where each PDU may include voice data of approximately a same time interval.
  • the allocating the first subset of PDUs to the first QoS flow and the second subset of PDUs to the second QoS flow may include allocating every other N adjacent PDUs of the set of PDUs to the first QoS flow and remaining PDUs to the second QoS flow.
  • N the number of PDUs of the voice data
  • remaining PDUs of the voice data may be allocated to the second QoS flow.
  • the first UE may transmit, during the multimedia communication session, the first subset of PDUs allocated based on the first QoS flow directly to the second UE, such as described in connection with FIG. 9.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may transmit the first subset of PDUs 920 allocated based on the first QoS flow 914 directly to the receiving UE 904.
  • the first UE may transmit, during the multimedia communication session, the second subset of PDUs allocated based on the second QoS flow to a third UE for relay to the second UE, such as described in connection with FIG. 9.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may transmit the second subset of PDUs 922 allocated based on the second QoS flow 916 directly to the relay UE 906 for relay to the receiving UE 904.
  • the first set of PDUs transmitted to the second UE and the second set of PDUs transmitted to the third UE may be transmitted through D2D sidelink channels.
  • the first UE may determine that at least one of a channel quality for the transmission to the third UE is less than a threshold or a channel quality for the relay from the third UE to the second UE is less than the threshold, such as described in connection with FIG. 11. Based on the determination, the first UE may switch the second QoS flow from the third UE to a fourth UE. Then the first UE may transmit, based on the second QoS flow, the second subset of PDUs to the fourth UE for relay to the second UE.
  • the first UE may determine that a channel quality for the transmission to the second UE is less than a threshold, such as described in connection with FIG. 12. Based on the determination, the first UE may configure a third QoS flow to a fourth UE. Then the first UE may transmit, to the fourth UE for relay to the second UE based on the third QoS flow, the first subset of PDUs to the second UE.
  • the first UE may determine that a channel quality for the transmission to the second UE is less than a first threshold, and that both a channel quality for the transmission to the third UE is greater than a second threshold and a channel quality for the relay from the third UE to the second UE is greater than the second threshold, such as described in connection with FIG. 13. Based on the determination, the first UE may increase the allocation of PDUs to the second subset of PDUs and/or decrease the allocation of PDUs to the first subset of PDUs.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram 1500 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1502.
  • the apparatus 1502 is a UE and includes a cellular baseband processor 1504 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to a cellular RF transceiver 1522 and one or more subscriber identity modules (SIM) cards 1520, an application processor 1506 coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 1508 and a screen 1510, a Bluetooth module 1512, a wireless local area network (WLAN) module 1514, a Global Positioning System (GPS) module 1516, and a power supply 1518.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1504 communicates through the cellular RF transceiver 1522 with the UE 104 and/or BS 102/180.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1504 may include a computer-readable medium /memory.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1504 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium /memory.
  • the software when executed by the cellular baseband processor 1504, causes the cellular baseband processor 1504 to perform the various functions described supra.
  • the computer-readable medium /memory may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1504 when executing software.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1504 further includes a reception component 1530, a communication manager 1532, and a transmission component 1534.
  • the communication manager 1532 includes the one or more illustrated components.
  • the components within the communication manager 1532 may be stored in the computer-readable medium /memory and/or configured as hardware within the cellular baseband processor 1504.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1504 may be a component of the UE 350 and may include the memory 360 and/or at least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller/processor 359.
  • the apparatus 1502 may be a modem chip and include just the baseband processor 1504, and in another configuration, the apparatus 1502 may be the entire UE (e.g., see 350 of FIG. 3) and include the aforediscussed additional modules of the apparatus 1502.
  • the communication manager 1532 includes a PDU allocation component 1540 that is configured to allocate, during a multimedia communication session, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data to a first QoS flow, and a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data to a second QoS flow, the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs being interleaved within the set of PDUs, e.g., as described in connection with 1402 of FIG. 14.
  • the communication manager 1532 further includes a first QoS flow component 1542 that is configured to transmit, during the multimedia communication session, the first subset of PDUs allocated based on the first QoS flow directly to the second UE, e.g., as described in connection with 1404 of FIG. 14.
  • the communication manager 1532 further includes a second QoS flow component 1544 that is configured to transmit, during the multimedia communication session, the second subset of PDUs allocated based on the second QoS flow to a third UE for relay to the second UE, e.g., as described in connection with 1406 of FIG. 14.
  • the apparatus may include additional components that perform each of the blocks of the algorithm in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 14. As such, each block in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 14 may be performed by a component and the apparatus may include one or more of those components.
  • the components may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes/algorithm, implemented by a processor configured to perform the stated processes/algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.
  • the apparatus 1502 includes means for allocating, during a multimedia communication session, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data to a first QoS flow, and a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data to a second QoS flow, the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs being interleaved within the set of PDUs.
  • the apparatus 1502 includes means for transmitting, during the multimedia communication session, the first subset of PDUs allocated based on the first QoS flow directly to the second UE.
  • the apparatus 1502 includes means for transmitting, during the multimedia communication session, the second subset of PDUs allocated based on the second QoS flow to a third UE for relay to the second UE.
  • the first subset of PDUs to the second UE and the second subset of PDUs to the third UE may be time division duplexed, where each PDU may include voice data of approximately a same time interval.
  • the first set of PDUs transmitted to the second UE and the second set of PDUs transmitted to the third UE may be transmitted through D2D sidelink channels.
  • the allocating the first subset of PDUs to the first QoS flow and the second subset of PDUs to the second QoS flow may include allocating every other N adjacent PDUs of the set of PDUs to the first QoS flow and remaining PDUs to the second QoS flow.
  • the apparatus 1502 includes means for determining that at least one of a channel quality for the transmission to the third UE is less than a threshold or a channel quality for the relay from the third UE to the second UE is less than the threshold. In such configuration, the apparatus 1502 includes means for switching, based on the determination, the second QoS flow from the third UE to a fourth UE. In such configuration, the apparatus 1502 includes means for transmitting, based on the second QoS flow, the second subset of PDUs to the fourth UE for relay to the second UE.
  • the apparatus 1502 includes means for determining that a channel quality for the transmission to the second UE is less than a threshold. In such configuration, the apparatus 1502 includes means for configuring, based on the determination, a third QoS flow to a fourth UE. In such configuration, the apparatus 1502 includes means for transmitting, to the fourth UE for relay to the second UE based on the third QoS flow, the first subset of PDUs to the second UE.
  • the apparatus 1502 includes means for determining that a channel quality for the transmission to the second UE is less than a first threshold, and that both a channel quality for the transmission to the third UE is greater than a second threshold and a channel quality for the relay from the third UE to the second UE is greater than the second threshold.
  • the apparatus 1502 includes means for increasing, based on the determination, the allocation of PDUs to the second subset of PDUs.
  • the apparatus 1502 includes means for decreasing, based on the determination, the allocation of PDUs to the first subset of PDUs.
  • the aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1502 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
  • the apparatus 1502 may include the TX Processor 368, the RX Processor 356, and the controller/processor 359.
  • the aforementioned means may be the TX Processor 368, the RX Processor 356, and the controller/processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a method 1600 of wireless communication.
  • the method may be performed by a second UE or a component of a second UE (e.g., the UE 104, 350; the receiving UE 504, 506, 508, 604, 704, 804, 904, 1104, 1204, 1304; a processing system, which may include the memory 360 and which may be the entire UE 350 or a component of the UE 350, such as the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359) .
  • a dashed line may enable the second UE to receive voice packets of a voice communication through multiple connections to enhance the reliability of the voice communication.
  • the second UE may receive, during a multimedia communication session and based on a first QoS flow, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data directly from a first UE, such as described in connection with FIG. 9.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may transmit the first subset of PDUs 920 allocated based on the first QoS flow 914 directly to the receiving UE 904.
  • the second UE may receive, during the multimedia communication session and based on a second QoS flow, a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data from a third UE relayed from the first UE, such as described in connection with FIG. 9.
  • the transmitting UE 902 may transmit the second subset of PDUs 922 allocated based on the second QoS flow 916 directly to the relay UE 906 for relay to the receiving UE 904.
  • the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs may be interleaved within the set of PDUs.
  • the first subset of PDUs received from the first UE and the second subset of PDUs received from the third UE may be time division duplexed.
  • PDU may include voice data of approximately a same time interval.
  • the first set of PDUs from the first UE and the second set of PDUs from the third UE may be received through D2D sidelink channels.
  • the second UE may switch, based on decoding errors in association with the second subset of PDUs from the third UE, the second QoS flow from the third UE to a fourth UE, such as described in connection with FIG. 11. Then the second UE may receive, based on the second QoS flow, the second subset of PDUs of the first UE from the fourth UE.
  • the second UE may configure, based on a channel quality of the reception of the first subset of PDUs being less than a threshold, a third QoS flow from a fourth UE, such as described in connection with FIG. 12. Then the second UE may receive, from the fourth UE based on the third QoS flow, the first subset of PDUs of the first UE. In addition, the second UE may combine the received first subset of PDUs from the first UE and the first subset of PDUs from the fourth UE into a combined subset of PDUs.
  • a number of PDUs received in the first subset of PDUs is decreased and a number of PDUs received in the second subset of PDUs is increased based on a channel quality in association with the reception of the first subset of PDUs being less than a first threshold and based on a channel quality in association with the reception of the second subset of PDUs being greater than a second threshold, such as described in connection with FIG. 13.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram 1700 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1702.
  • the apparatus 1702 is a UE and includes a cellular baseband processor 1704 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to a cellular RF transceiver 1722 and one or more subscriber identity modules (SIM) cards 1720, an application processor 1706 coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 1708 and a screen 1710, a Bluetooth module 1712, a wireless local area network (WLAN) module 1714, a Global Positioning System (GPS) module 1716, and a power supply 1718.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1704 communicates through the cellular RF transceiver 1722 with the UE 104 and/or BS 102/180.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1704 may include a computer-readable medium /memory.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1704 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium /memory.
  • the software when executed by the cellular baseband processor 1704, causes the cellular baseband processor 1704 to perform the various functions described supra.
  • the computer-readable medium /memory may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1704 when executing software.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1704 further includes a reception component 1730, a communication manager 1732, and a transmission component 1734.
  • the communication manager 1732 includes the one or more illustrated components.
  • the components within the communication manager 1732 may be stored in the computer-readable medium /memory and/or configured as hardware within the cellular baseband processor 1704.
  • the cellular baseband processor 1704 may be a component of the UE 350 and may include the memory 360 and/or at least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller/processor 359.
  • the apparatus 1702 may be a modem chip and include just the baseband processor 1704, and in another configuration, the apparatus 1702 may be the entire UE (e.g., see 350 of FIG. 3) and include the aforediscussed additional modules of the apparatus 1702.
  • the communication manager 1732 includes a first QoS flow component 1740 that is configured to receive, during a multimedia communication session and based on a first QoS flow, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data directly from a first UE, e.g., as described in connection with 1602 of FIG. 16.
  • the communication manager 1732 further includes a second QoS flow component 1742 that is configured to receive, during the multimedia communication session and based on a second QoS flow, a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data from a third UE relayed from the first UE, where the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs are interleaved within the set of PDUs, e.g., as described in connection with 1604 of FIG. 16.
  • a second QoS flow component 1742 is configured to receive, during the multimedia communication session and based on a second QoS flow, a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data from a third UE relayed from the first UE, where the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs are interleaved within the set of PDUs, e.g., as described in connection with 1604 of FIG. 16.
  • the apparatus may include additional components that perform each of the blocks of the algorithm in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 16. As such, each block in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 16 may be performed by a component and the apparatus may include one or more of those components.
  • the components may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes/algorithm, implemented by a processor configured to perform the stated processes/algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.
  • the apparatus 1702 includes means for receiving, during a multimedia communication session and based on a first QoS flow, a first subset of PDUs of a set of PDUs of voice data directly from a first UE.
  • the apparatus 1702 includes means for receiving, during the multimedia communication session and based on a second QoS flow, a second subset of PDUs of the set of PDUs of the voice data from a third UE relayed from the first UE, where the first subset of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs are interleaved within the set of PDUs.
  • the first subset of PDUs received from the first UE and the second subset of PDUs received from the third UE may be time division duplexed.
  • PDU may include voice data of approximately a same time interval.
  • the first set of PDUs from the first UE and the second set of PDUs from the third UE may be received through D2D sidelink channels.
  • the first subset of PDUs from the first QoS flow may include every other N adjacent PDUs of the set of PDUs and the second subset of PDUs from the second QoS flow includes remaining PDUs of the set of PDUs.
  • the apparatus 1702 includes means for switching, based on decoding errors in association with the second subset of PDUs from the third UE, the second QoS flow from the third UE to a fourth UE.
  • the apparatus 1702 includes means for receiving, based on the second QoS flow, the second subset of PDUs of the first UE from the fourth UE.
  • the apparatus 1702 includes means for configuring, based on a channel quality of the reception of the first subset of PDUs being less than a threshold, a third QoS flow from a fourth UE.
  • the apparatus 1702 includes means for receiving, from the fourth UE based on the third QoS flow, the first subset of PDUs of the first UE.
  • the apparatus 1702 includes means for combining the received first subset of PDUs from the first UE and the first subset of PDUs from the fourth UE into a combined subset of PDUs.
  • a number of PDUs received in the first subset of PDUs is decreased and a number of PDUs received in the second subset of PDUs is increased based on a channel quality in association with the reception of the first subset of PDUs being less than a first threshold and based on a channel quality in association with the reception of the second subset of PDUs being greater than a second threshold.
  • the aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1702 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
  • the apparatus 1702 may include the TX Processor 368, the RX Processor 356, and the controller/processor 359.
  • the aforementioned means may be the TX Processor 368, the RX Processor 356, and the controller/processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
  • radio connection in the D2D sidelink communication may be more unstable compared with the UE-to-base station connection, voice calls over the sidelink may easily be broken or disconnected during beam failure.
  • Aspects presented herein improve the reliability and latency of D2D communication over sidelink channel (s) by enabling a transmitting UE to transmit different subsets of data to a receiving UE through different QoS flows and through different links without greatly increase radio resources.
  • Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and/or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C.
  • combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

Des aspects de la présente invention améliorent la fiabilité de la communication D2D sur un/des canaux de liaison latérale en permettant à un UE de transmission de transmettre différents sous-ensembles de données à un UE de réception par l'intermédiaire de différents flux de QoS. Selon un aspect, un appareil attribue, lors d'une session de communication multimédia, un premier sous-ensemble de PDU d'un ensemble de PDU de données vocales à un premier flux de QoS et un second sous-ensemble de PDU de l'ensemble de PDU des données vocales à un second flux de QoS, le premier sous-ensemble de PDU et le second sous-ensemble de PDU pouvant être entrelacés à l'intérieur de l'ensemble de PDU. L'appareil transmet ensuite, pendant la session de communication multimédia, le premier sous-ensemble de PDU attribué sur la base du premier flux de QoS directement au deuxième UE et le second sous-ensemble de PDU attribué sur la base du second flux de QoS à un troisième UE pour un relais vers le deuxième UE.
PCT/CN2020/115276 2020-09-15 2020-09-15 Optimisation de latence et fiabilité de communication vocale par duplexage par répartition dans le temps et relais WO2022056665A1 (fr)

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WO2020067956A1 (fr) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Procédés et appareils pour gérer une connectivité double dans une transmission redondante
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WO2020049347A1 (fr) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Transfert de session vocale de réseau local sans fil (wlan) à cellulaire déclenché par l'utilisateur
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