WO2022051807A1

WO2022051807A1 - Spectacle frames for myopia management

Info

Publication number: WO2022051807A1
Application number: PCT/AU2021/051042
Authority: WO
Inventors: Klaus Ehrmann; Darrin Falk; Cathleen FEDTKE; Ravi Chandra Bakaraju
Original assignee: Nthalmic Holding Pty Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-09
Filing date: 2021-09-08
Publication date: 2022-03-17
Also published as: TW202223496A

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to spectacle frames with asymmetric optical lenses for managing myopia prescribed under a specific care regimen. The current disclosure relates to methods of correcting the refractive error and controlling or reducing the rate of myopia progression using a spectacle frame with asymmetric optical lenses prescribed under a specific care regimen. This disclosure relates to a spectacle frame that can facilitate temporal variation of an asymmetrical optical intervention to reduce myopia progression. This disclosure relates to methods of introducing a temporal (time-varying) and spatial (space-varying) optical signal at the retinal level of the wearer's eye that serves as a stop signal to the eye using a spectacle frame in conjunction with asymmetric optical lenses prescribed under a specific care regimen. The methods include procedures for the prescription, selection, and fitting of spectacle frames designed to provide varying optical signals to decelerate the rate of myopia progression.

Description

SPECTACLE FRAMES FOR MYOPIA MANAGEMENT

CROSS-REFERENCE

[001] This application claims priority to Australian Provisional Application Serial No. 2020/903230 filed on September 9, 2020, entitled “Energy harvesting spectacle frame” and Australian Provisional Application Serial No. 2020/903227 filed on September 9, 2020, entitled “Spectacle frame”, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[002] This application also relates to the WO/2021/056058 filed on September 23, 2020, entitled “Apparatus and methods of spectacle solutions for myopia” and WO/2021/159168 filed on February 6, 2021 , entitled “Apparatus and methods of ancillary spectacle kit solution for myopia management”, both of which are also incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[003] The current invention relates to methods of correcting the myopic refractive error and controlling, inhibiting, or reducing the rate of myopia progression using spectacle frames prescribed under a specific care regimen.

[004] The disclosure relates to methods and/or devices for correcting the myopic refractive error and controlling, inhibiting, or reducing the rate of myopia progression using spectacle frames.

[005] More specifically, this disclosure relates to devices, and/or methods to facilitate introduction of a temporally and spatially varying optical stop signal at the retinal level of the spectacle wearers eye using spectacle frames in conjunction with optical lenses embedded with rotationally asymmetric optical features prescribed under a specific care regimen. The methods include procedures for the prescription, selection, and fitting of spectacle frames, as disclosed herein, designed to provide varying asymmetric optical signals to decelerate the rate of myopia progression, such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168. [006] This invention further relates to methods of introducing a spatio-temporal optical signal at the retinal level of the wearer's eye that serves as a stop signal to the myopic eye using a spectacle frame, as disclosed herein, in conjunction with optical lenses embedded with rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168.

[007] The methods include procedures for the prescription, selection, fitting, and care regimen of desired optical lenses in the spectacle frames to provide temporally and spatially varying optical signals to decelerate the rate of myopia progression.

BACKGROUND

[008] The growth of the human eye is controlled by a feedback mechanism and regulated predominantly by the visual experience of the world. The retinal image characteristics are monitored by a biological process that modulates the signal to start or stop, accelerate, or slow eye growth. Derailing of this mechanism potentially results in refractive disorders like myopia, hyperopia and/or astigmatism.

[009] Myopia incidence is increasing at alarming rates in many regions of the world. In myopic individuals, the axial length of the eye is mismatched to the overall power of the eye, leading to the distant objects being focussed in front of the retina.

[0010] A simple pair of negative single vision lenses can correct myopia. While such devices can optically correct the refractive error associated with eye-length, they do not address the underlying cause of the excessive eye growth in myopia progression.

[0011 ] Excessive eye growth in high degrees of myopia is associated with significant vision threatening conditions like cataract, glaucoma, myopic maculopathy, and retinal detachment. Thus, there remains a need for specific optical treatments for such individuals, that not only correct the underlying refractive error, but would also prevent excessive eye lengthening. To date, numerous spectacle lenses have been proposed in the prior art to control the rate of myopia progression, which includes use of executive, D-shaped, concentric bifocals, symmetric and asymmetric bifocals, specialtype of progressive additional lenses, simultaneous defocus regions on the spectacle lenses, and spectacles with positive spherical aberration. [0012] Efficacy rates with prior art designs were established through randomised controlled clinical trials. The duration of these trials range between 6 months and 3 years and the reported efficacy ranges between 10% and 50% when compared to the single vision control.

[0013] For example, under a linear model, the feedback mechanism to regulate eye growth suggests that the signal accumulates over time and the accumulated signal depends on the total magnitude of exposure and not its temporal distribution. However, a striking contrary observation in all clinical trials is the fact that almost all the slowing effect on the rate of progression occurs in the first 6 to 12-months. Therefore, a more faithful feedback model aligning with clinical results would suggest that there may be a delay before the signal builds, then saturation occurs with time and perhaps results in a decay in the effectiveness of the stop signal.

[0014] In light of the clinical observation of saturation, there is clearly a need in the art for spectacles that minimises saturation effect by providing a temporally and spatially varying stop signal to retard the rate of eye growth. For example, WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 contemplate a myopia care regimen that requires switching of spectacle lens pairs from a spectacle lens set during a given/prescribed period to introduce the desired temporal variation.

[0015] Although the solutions proposed in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 functionally work to minimise the saturation effect of the prior art by providing a temporally and spatially varying stop signal to retard eye growth, they may have practical limitations due to the inconvenience of switching multiple pairs and/or a negative effect on compliance of spectacle lens wear.

[0016] It appears that the approaches disclosed in the prior art fall short in some ways of serving the needs of an individual to offer an effective myopia control solution lens. Therefore, the spectacle frames involving methods, devices and/or systems for solving problems disclosed herein become desirable. DEFINITIONS

[0017] Terms used herein are generally used by a person skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined in the following.

[0018] The term "myopic eye" means an eye that is either already experiencing myopia, is in the stage of pre-myopia, or is diagnosed to has a refractive condition that is progressing towards myopia.

[0019] The term "progressing myopic eye" means an eye with established myopia that is diagnosed to be progressing, as gauged by either the change in refractive error of at least -0.25 D/ year or the change in axial length of at least 0.10 mm/ year.

[0020] The term "an eye at risk of becoming myopic" means an eye, which could be emmetropic or is low hyperopic at the time but has been identified to have an increased risk of becoming myopic based on genetic factors (e.g., both parents are myopic) and/or age (e.g., being low hyperopic at a young age) and/or environmental factors (e.g., time spent outdoors) and/or behavioural factors (e.g., time spent performing near tasks).

[0021 ] The term "stop signal" means an optical signal that may facilitate slowing, reversing, arresting, retarding, inhibiting, or controlling the growth of an eye and/or refractive condition of the eye.

[0022] The term “spectacle frame” in the context of this invention means a spectacle front embodying a pair of substantially round optical mounts interconnected with a nasal bridge and each of the optical mounts connected to a spectacle temple.

[0023] The term "optical lens" or “spectacle lens” in the context of this invention means a substantially round ophthalmic lens with non-rotationally symmetric or asymmetric power distribution or optical elements arranged in an asymmetric pattern or distribution mounted in the optical lens mount.

[0024] The term “meridional correction” means that the lens providing a correction for an eye in at least one meridian. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0025] Certain disclosed embodiments include spectacle frames which host an optical lens system with toric or rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 for altering the wavefront properties of incoming light entering a human eye. Certain disclosed embodiments are directed to the configuration of spectacle frames in conjunction with optical lenses or spectacle lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 for correcting and managing refractive errors.

[0026] One embodiment of the present disclosure includes a spectacle frame in conjunction with optical lenses or spectacle lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 to introduce temporally and spatially varying optical stop signal at the retinal level of the wearer's eye. Another embodiment of the proposed invention is directed to the configuration of spectacle frames in conjunction with optical lenses or spectacle lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 and simultaneously provide an optical signal that discourages further eye growth. The proposed configuration of the spectacle frame of the present disclosure in conjunction with optical lenses or spectacle lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 facilitates a temporal and spatial variation of the optical signal to be imposed on the central and peripheral retinal region. In some embodiments, the desired temporal changes in the optical correction provided by spectacle frame of the current disclosure may be driven by head movements; while in other embodiments, the temporal changes in the optical correction may be driven by physical motion, for example, walking, when the individual is wearing the spectacle frame. In some embodiments, the spectacle frame of the present disclosure in conjunction with optical lenses or spectacle lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 is configured such that each pair of spectacles provides at least partial correction for the myopic refractive error and also provides an induced astigmatic or asymmetric stimulus serving as a stop signal to inhibit further eye growth; wherein the magnitude and axis of astigmatic or asymmetric blur configured varies with the variable free rotation of the optical lens hosted by the spectacle frame disclosed herein. [0027] In some other embodiments, the desired temporal and spatial changes provided by a spectacle frame of the current disclosure used in conjunction with optical lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 may be driven by relative motion of the temples of the spectacle frame actuated by various mechanisms or by the spectacle wearer. In some other embodiments, the desired temporal and spatial changes provided by an energy harvesting spectacle frame in conjunction with optical lenses may be driven by another person other than the spectacle wearer. For example, the person actuating one or more energy harvesting mechanisms of the spectacle frame may be an eye care practitioner or the parent or guardian of the spectacle wearer in the case where the wearer is a child.

[0028] In some other embodiments, the desired temporal and spatial changes provided by an energy harvesting spectacle frame of the current disclosure in conjunction with the desired optical lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 may be driven by the method of prescribing the energy harvesting spectacle frame that may include a care regimen, wherein the care regimen prescribed to the user may include instructions to remove the spectacle frame from the face of the wearer at least once in a specific period and to at least vigorously shake the spectacle frame; wherein the specific period may be at least every hour, every 3 hours, every 6 hours or every 8 hours of spectacle frame wear. In some other examples of the disclosure, the care regimen prescribed to the user may include instructions to remove the spectacle frame from the face of the wearer at least twice in a specific period and to shake the spectacle frame at least gently.

[0029] In some other embodiments, the desired temporal and spatial changes provided by an energy harvesting spectacle frame of the current disclosure in conjunction with the desired optical lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 may be driven by the method of prescribing the energy harvesting spectacle frame that may include a care regimen, wherein the care regimen prescribed to the user may include instructions to play a sport or engage in a physical exercise activity while wearing the spectacle frame at least once in a specific period; wherein the specific period may be at least every 3 hours, every 5 hours or every 7 hours of spectacle frame wear. [0030] In some other embodiments, the desired temporal and spatial changes provided by a spectacle frame of the current disclosure in conjunction with optical lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 may be driven by relative motion of the temples of the spectacle frame actuated by another person other than the spectacle wearer. For example, the person actuating the temples of the spectacle frame may be an eye care practitioner or the parent or guardian of the spectacle wearer in the case where the wearer is a child.

[0031 ] In some embodiments, the energy harvesting spectacle frame of the current disclosure is configured with two optical lenses such as disclosed previously in WO/2021 Z056058 and WO/2021 Z159168 within the right and left lens mounts such that when used under a care regimen provides at least partial correction for the myopic error and provides at least in part an induced astigmatic or asymmetric stimulus serving as a stop signal to inhibit further eye growth for the spectacle frame wearer. In some embodiments, the optical lenses may be selected such that the axis of asymmetric blur, astigmatic blur or stop signal desirably varies due to the substantially variable free rotation of the optical lens hosted by the energy harvesting spectacle frame used under the prescribed care regimen disclosed herein. In some embodiments, unlike previously disclosed WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 the two optical lenses may include other rotationally asymmetric power distributions or may include optical elements or optical features that are non-rotationally symmetric arranged and/or have a different distribution within different areas of the lens.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0032] Figure 1 is a frontal view of an energy harvesting spectacle frame configured with a pawl spring ratchet mechanism, as disclosed herein.

[0033] Figure 2 is a zoomed-in or magnified version of the frontal view of a single eyepiece of the energy harvesting spectacle frame configured with a pawl spring ratchet mechanism, as disclosed herein.

[0034] Figure 3 is a frontal view of an energy harvesting spectacle frame using compliant band ratchet mechanism. [0035] Figure 4 is a zoomed-in or magnified version of the frontal view of a single eyepiece of the energy harvesting spectacle frame using compliant band ratchet mechanism.

[0036] Figure 5 is a frontal view of a spectacle frame configured with a pawl-spring- ratchet mechanism, as disclosed herein.

[0037] Figure 6 is a zoomed-in or magnified version of the frontal view of a spectacle mount adjoining the temple of the spectacle frame configured with a pawl spring ratchet mechanism, as disclosed herein.

[0038] Figure 7 is a zoomed-in or magnified version of the frontal view of a spectacle mount adjoining the temple of the spectacle frame configured with a fishing line and simple gear mechanism, as disclosed herein. In another form of the embodiment, the finishing line may be swapped with a rigid filament to work in conjunction with the simple gear mechanism.

[0039] Figure 8 is a zoomed-in or magnified version of a frontal view of a compliant band ratchet mechanism which harvests energy from temple motion.

[0040] Figure 9 is a photograph of a working prototype embodiment using a pawl- spring-ratchet mechanism coupled to the temples using flexible filament. In this example the drive pawl and spring are constructed in a single piece which is exemplifies a partially compliant mechanism.

[0041 ] Figure 10 is a zoomed-in photograph of the same pawl-spring-ratchet working prototype embodiment of Figure 9.

[0042] Figure 11 is a frontal view of one spectacle frame configured with a pawl-spring- ratchet mechanism before and after triggering a relative motion of the temples. The spectacle frame further comprises spectacle lenses that are configured with non- rotationally symmetric power distributions within the optic zone as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168.

[0043] Figure 12 is a frontal view of one spectacle frame configured with a pawl-spring- ratchet mechanism before and after triggering a relative motion of the temples. The spectacle frame further comprises mini optical elements that are adhered to a standard single vision spectacle lens that are arranged non-rotationally symmetric within the optic zone as disclosed previously in WO/2021/159168. [0044] Figure 13 is a frontal view of another spectacle frame configured with a pawl- spring-ratchet mechanism before and after triggering a relative motion of the temples. The spectacle frame further comprises an optical film configured with sub-lenses or optical elements that are adhered to a standard single vision spectacle lens.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In this section, the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to one or more embodiments, some are illustrated and supported by accompanying figures. The examples and embodiments are provided by way of explanation and are not to be construed as limiting to the scope of the disclosure. The following description is provided in relation to several embodiments that may share common characteristics and features of the disclosure. It is to be understood that one or more features of one embodiment may be combined with one or more features of any other embodiments that may constitute additional embodiments.

[0046] The functional and structural information disclosed herein is not to be interpreted as limiting in any way and should be construed merely as a representative basis for teaching a person skilled in the art to employ the disclosed embodiments and variations of those embodiments in various ways. The sub-titles and relevant subject headings used in the detailed description section have been included only for the ease of reference of the reader and in no way should be used to limit the subject matter found throughout the invention or the claims of the disclosure. The sub-titles and relevant subject headings should not be used in construing the scope of the claims or the claim limitations.

[0047] Risk of developing myopia or progressive myopia may be based on one or more of the following factors: genetics, ethnicity, lifestyle, environmental, excessive near work, etc. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards a person at a risk of developing myopia or progressive myopia. Referring to Figures 1 to 4, there are two illustrated examples of energy harvesting spectacle frames contemplated in the current invention as disclosed herein. Figure 1 is defined from an observer’s perspective. The nomenclature of left and right may be different in some other examples from the method of description provided in Figure 1 . [0048] Figure 1 is a frontal view of an energy harvesting spectacle frame (100) configured with a pawl-spring ratchet mechanism as disclosed herein. In this embodiment example, the spectacle frame (100) is configured with a left to right motion harvesting using a pawl-spring ratchet mechanism.

[0049] In this example, the pawl-spring ratchet mechanism is configured with three distinct parts, namely the optic elements or optical lenses (left 101 a and right 101 b), which are held by the corresponding optical element mounts (left 102a and right 102b), the pair of optical lens mounts (left 102a and right 102b) are further disposed with corresponding energy harvesting masses (left 103a and right 103b) which are substantially surrounding the left (102a) and right (102b) optical lens mounts.

[0050] Each of the left (102a) and right (102b) optical lens mounts of the energy harvesting spectacle frame (100) contemplated in Figure 1 is configured with a pawlspring ratchet mechanism. In this example described as Figure 1 , the motion of the left optical element (101a) is restricted to rotation only in one direction which is facilitated by two ratchets located in the superior (105a) and inferior (104a) position of the optical lens mount. The left energy harvesting mass element (103a) is assembled such that the inferior ratchet (104a) transfers harvested energy to rotational motion of the optical element (101 a). The left energy harvesting mass element (103a) is free to rotate about the fulcrum (106a) and is configured so the mass distribution of this element is biased towards the lower portion of the element to reduce the overall mass of the device without substantially reducing energy harvesting efficiency. The superior and inferior semi rigid pawls (107a and 108a) are configured to provide a controlled flexure region acting as a hinge and spring mechanism for the otherwise rigid pawl element.

[0051 ] In this example described as Figure 1 , the motion of the right (101 b) optical element is restricted to rotation only in one direction which is facilitated by two ratchets located in the superior (105b) and inferior (104b) position of the optical lens mount assembled such that the inferior ratchet (104b) transfers harvested energy to rotational motion of the optical element (101 b). The right energy harvesting mass element (103b) is free to rotate about the fulcrum (106b) and is configured so the mass distribution of this element is biased towards the lower portion of the element to reduce the overall mass of the device without substantially reducing energy harvesting efficiency. The superior and inferior semi rigid pawls (107b and 108b) are configured to provide a controlled flexure region acting as a hinge and spring mechanism for the otherwise rigid pawl element.

[0052] The left portion of Figure 2 depicts a zoomed in view of the left optical element of the described embodiment depicted in Figure 1 . In this Figure 2, the working of the preferred embodiment is described in further detail. For example, the optical element (201 ) and optical element mount (202) of Figure 2 are configured such that the energy harvesting mass element (203) is further configured to freely oscillate about the superior fulcrum (206). The configuration is so assembled such that the overall mass distribution is biased towards the lower portion of the optical element (201 ) without substantially reducing energy harvesting efficiency.

[0053] The right portion of Figure 2 depicts a zoomed in view of the inferior (204) and superior (205) portions of the left optical element shown as solid boxes. As shown in the upper-right portion of the Figure 2, the ratchet is configured on the superior portion (205) of the optical element mount (202) including a ratchet gear (209) arranged circumferentially about the optical element mount (202) and a semi-rigid pawl (207) is configured to restrict or prevent clockwise motion.

[0054] As shown in the lower-right portion of the Figure 2, the ratchet is configured on the inferior portion (204) of the optical element mount (202) including a ratchet gear (209) arranged circumferentially about the optical element mount (202) and a semirigid pawl (208) is configured to restrict or prevent counter-clockwise motion.

[0055] The semi rigid pawls (207 and 208) are both configured to provide a controlled flexure region (207a, 208a) acting as a hinge and spring mechanism for the otherwise rigid pawl element. This feature may be omitted in certain configurations of other embodiments contemplated by this disclosure. For example, the left-right motion of the mass elements is configured to harvest the energy obtained by head-turns / head movements of the wearer of the spectacle frame. The ratchets (104, 105, 204, 205) as shown in Figures 1 and 2 are configured such that the desired rotatory motion is in one direction. [0056] In other embodiment examples, one may use alternative compliant methods or mechanisms of implementing the desired unidirectional rotatory motion into the energy harvesting spectacle frame disclosed herein. While the pawl-spring ratchet mechanism of Figures 1 and 2 depict a unidirectional ratchet, it will be appreciated that the general principles of the invention would be applicable to bi-directional or reversible ratchets.

[0057] Figure 3 is a frontal view of an energy harvesting spectacle frame (300) configured with a compliant band ratchet mechanism as disclosed herein. In this embodiment example, the spectacle frame (300) is configured with an up-down motion energy harvesting using a one-way bearing, movable mass, tension spring and compliant band ratchet mechanism. A one-way bearing may be commonly known as a Sprag clutch mechanism. Figure 4 is a more detailed view of the same embodiment depicted in Figure 3. The energy harvesting spectacle frame (300) contemplated in Figure 3 is configured with a compliant band ratchet mechanism. In this example, the band ratchet mechanism is configured using four distinct parts of the spectacle frame (300), namely the left and right optical lenses or optic elements (301 a and 301 b), the left and right optical element mounts with one-way bearing elements (302a and 302b), which are rigidly coupled with corresponding compliant left and right ratchet-bands (306a and 306b) which is terminated on one end with the corresponding left and right energy harvesting masses (303a and 303b), and on the opposing end with corresponding left and right tension springs (309a and 309b), respectively. The left portion of Figure 4 depicts a zoomed in view of the left optical element of the described embodiment depicted in Figure 3. In this example, the band ratchet mechanism is configured using the optical lens or the optic element (401 ) and the optical element mount (402) configured with one-way bearing element which is rigidly coupled with corresponding compliant ratchet-band (406). The compliant ratchet-band (406) is terminated on one end with an energy harvesting mass (403) and with a tension spring on the opposing end (409). The right portion of Figure 4 depicts a zoomed in view (407) of the compliant band ratchet mechanism shown as solid box (406). In this portion of Figure 4, the working of the preferred embodiment is described in further detail. For example, the ratchet band may be textured or configured with a sawtooth like shape on the inward facing surface to increase friction in one direction (412). [0058] Similarly, the one-way bearing in relation to the optical element mount may be configured with a textured or purposefully shaped or configured circumference (411 ) to increase friction in one direction or decrease friction in the other. The embedded fibres (413) remove the elasticity along the ratchet band (412). The teeth on 411 and 412 are exaggerated for illustrative purposes. One (band) or both sides would be less aggressive in actual implementation.

[0059] The one-way bearing optical mount (402) is configured to restrict motion of the optical element (401 ) to one direction only, clockwise, or counter-clockwise, directions.

[0060] In operation, as the energy harvesting spectacle frame of Figure 3 or 4 is moved in an up-down or vertical direction, the inertia of the energy harvesting mass imparts a cycle of pull motion and release motion to the tension spring (409), with this motion being coupled through the compliant band (406). The motion imparted to the band (406) couples to the optical element mount (402), resulting in only clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of the optical element (401 ), as the one-way bearing optical element mount (402) is free to rotate only in the clockwise or counter-clockwise direction.

[0061 ] In this example, during portions of the band motion cycle which opposes the direction of rotation, the band (406) slips along the optical element mount (402), aided by decreased friction due to decreased contact pressure, or purposeful texturing or shaping of the band’s inner surface (412), or a combination of both.

[0062] In this example, during portions of the band motion cycle which aligns with the direction of rotation, the band (406) grips the optical element mount (402), aided by increased friction due to increased contact pressure, or purposeful texturing or shaping of the band’s inner surface (412), or a combination of both.

[0063] In this example, the up-down (414) of the mass targets are configured to harvest the energy obtained by physical motion (i.e., walking, running, or tilting of the head) of the wearer. While the band ratchet mechanism of Figures 3 and 4 depict a unidirectional ratchet, it will be appreciated that the general principles of the invention would be applicable to bi-directional or reversible ratchets. [0064] In some embodiments, the ratchet head and parts of the ratchet mechanism may be formed of suitable metals, polymers, elastomers, textiles, or other materials commonly used in ratchet mechanisms or drive belts.

[0065] In view of the foregoing, it can be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the current invention provides an energy harvesting spectacle frame underpinned either by a band ratchet or a pawl spring ratchet tool to facilitate the temporal variation of the optical signal through the optical lens of choice.

[0066] The illustrations are not exhaustive, and any variations of band ratchet embedded in a spectacle frame to offer temporal and spatial variation of an optical signal is considered to be within the spirit and scope of the current invention. For example, a person skilled in the art may offer improvements to the pawl spring retention or the elasticity properties of the band ratchet mechanism, which improve the characterisation properties like ease of assembly and simplicity and I or economy of the construction of the parts, all of which are considered to be within the spirit and scope of the current invention.

[0067] One or more of the following advantages are found in one or more of the disclosed energy harvesting spectacle frames, devices, and/or methods. In one embodiment, an energy harvesting spectacle frame or method of its use may facilitate the desired temporally and spatially varying stop signal for increasing the effectivity of managing progressive myopia in an individual without relying on use of a kit or set of spectacle lens devices, such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168, minimising the inconvenience to the user which may potentially lead to poor patient compliance. In another embodiment, an energy harvesting spectacle frame or method of its use may facilitate the desired temporally and spatially varying stop signal by the virtue of the head movements of the individual. Other embodiments may be configured to facilitate the desired variation in stop signal by virtue of physical motion, for example, walking or running, while wearing the spectacle frame.

[0068] Certain embodiments are directed to an energy harvesting spectacle frame that may provide a temporally varying, in other words varying with time, stop signal to the progressing myopic eye. This temporally varying stop signal may minimise the implicit saturation effects of efficacy that are observed in the prior art. [0069] Certain embodiments are directed to an energy harvesting spectacle frame disclosed herein in conjunction with optical lenses embedded with rotationally toric or asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168, that may provide a spatially varying, in other words varying with retinal location, stop signal to the progressing myopic eye. This spatially varying stop signal may minimise the implicit saturation effects of efficacy that are observed in the prior art.

[0070] Another embodiment of the present disclosure may be directed to methods of modifying the incoming light through an energy harvesting spectacle frame which hosts an optical lens system with toric or rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168.

[0071 ] In certain embodiments, the aforementioned optical lenses embedded with toric or rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 within the energy harvesting spectacle frame disclosed herein provides at least in part, a meridional correction for a myopic eye and at least in part, produces a time-varying and spatially varying asymmetric stop signal to reduce the rate of myopia progression.

[0072] In certain embodiments, the induced astigmatism configured using the aforementioned toric or cylindrical lens hosted within the energy harvesting spectacle frame may be at least +0.5 DC, +0.75 DC, +1 DC, +1.25 DC, +1.5DC or +1.75DC. In certain embodiments, the induced astigmatism configured using the aforementioned toric or cylindrical lens hosted within the energy harvesting spectacle frame may be between +0.5 DC and +0.75 DC, +0.5 DC and +1 DC, +0.5 DC and +1.25 DC, +0.75 DC and +1.25 DC, +0.5 DC and +1.75 DC, +0.5 DC and +2.25 DC.

[0073] In certain embodiments, the optical lens system with rotationally asymmetric optical features hosted within the energy harvesting spectacle frame may be at least +0.5 D, +0.75 D, +1 D, +1.25 D, +1.5D or +1.75D in delta power. In certain embodiments, the optical lens system with rotationally asymmetric optical features hosted within the energy harvesting spectacle frame may be between +0.5 D and +0.75 D, +0.5 D and +1 D, +0.5 D and +1.25 D, +0.75 D and +1.25 D, +0.5 D and +1.75 D, +0.5 D and +2.25 D in delta power. [0074] In certain other embodiments, other variants of rotationally asymmetric optical element may be mounted or hosted within the disclosed spectacle frame. In certain other embodiments of the present disclosure, the spectacle lens hosted via the energy harvesting spectacle frame may be configured such that it provides asymmetric optical cues at the retinal plane of the corrected eye.

[0075] In one other embodiment, the hosted toric or astigmatic optical lens may be further configured with higher order asymmetric aberrations like second order astigmatism, coma, trefoil, or combinations thereof.

[0076] In other embodiments, the astigmatic or toric power distribution of the spectacle lens hosted via the energy harvesting spectacle frame may be configured using the expression: Spherical + Cylinder/2 * (Radial) * (Azimuthal). In some embodiments, the radial distribution function may take a form of Radial power distribution=Cp^A2, where C is the coefficient of the expansion and Rho (p) is the normalised radial co-ordinate po / P max. Rho (po) is the radial co-ordinate at a given point on the lens, whereas pmax is the maximum radial co-ordinate or semi-diameter of the spectacle lens.

[0077] In some embodiments, the azimuthal power distribution function may take a form of: Azimuthal power distribution = cos m9, where m can be any integer between 1 and 6 in some embodiments, and Theta (9) is the azimuthal angle.

[0078] In some other embodiments, the radial and/or azimuthal power distribution across the optic centre of the lens may be described by appropriate Bessel functions, Jacobi polynomials, Taylor polynomials, Fourier expansions, or combinations thereof.

[0079] In some embodiments, the toric or asymmetric portion of the spectacle lens hosted within an energy harvesting spectacle frame may be located, formed, or placed on the anterior surface, posterior surface, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the toric part of the pair of spectacle lens hosted within an energy harvesting spectacle frame may be configured with specific features of the stop signal, for example residual astigmatism with either the sagittal or tangential focal line substantially in front of the retina. [0080] In certain other embodiments, a substantial change to the optical signal received by the on- and/or off-axis region on the retina, configured by an astigmatic conoid or interval of sturm at the retinal plane, where the optical stop signal means a portion of the conoid or interval of sturm falls in front of the retina (i.e., producing a meridional myopic defocus), while the remainder of the conoid or interval of sturm produces an in-focus or hyperopic signal. The proportion of the conoid or interval of sturm that provides a positive meridional astigmatic focus, may be approximately 10%, 20%, 30% 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[0081 ] In certain other embodiments, a substantial change to the optical signal received by the on- and/or off-axis region on the retina, configured by an asymmetric conoid or interval of partial blur at the retinal plane, where the optical stop signal means a portion of the conoid or interval of partial blur falls in front of the retina (i.e., producing a meridional myopic defocus), while the remainder of the conoid or interval of partial blur produces an in-focus or hyperopic signal. The proportion of the conoid or interval of partial blur that provides a positive focus, may be approximately 10%, 20%, 30% 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[0082] In certain other embodiments, the toric or asymmetric part of the spectacle lens hosted within an energy harvesting spectacle frame is located, formed, or placed on one of the two surfaces of the spectacle lens and the other surface may have other features for further reducing eye growth.

[0083] For example, use of additional features like defocus, coma, or spherical aberration. In certain embodiments, the shape of front and back surface of the spectacle lens hosted within an energy harvesting spectacle frame may be described by one or more of the following: a sphere, an asphere, an extended odd polynomial, an extended even polynomial, a conic section, a biconic section, a toric surface, or a Zernike polynomial.

[0084] In certain other embodiments, the toric or asymmetric part of the spectacle lens hosted within an energy harvesting spectacle frame may consider the inherent astigmatism of the eye wearing the lens to achieve satisfactory visual performance while introducing the desired level of astigmatic blur. In some examples, additional pair of contact lenses may be prescribed to manage the inherent astigmatism of the wearer. [0085] In certain embodiments, the spectacle lens hosted within an energy harvesting spectacle frame may be configured with two individual lenses, wherein one lens may be a thin Fresnel lens.

[0086] In certain other embodiments, the toric or asymmetric part of the spectacle lens hosted within an energy harvesting spectacle frame may consider the inherent astigmatism of the eye wearing the lens to achieve satisfactory visual performance and the desired astigmatic blur as a stop signal to the myopic eye.

[0087] In certain other embodiments, the toric or astigmatic or asymmetric part of the spectacle lens hosted within an energy harvesting spectacle frame may be in addition to the sphero-cylindrical prescription required to correct the refractive error of the eye. For example, in one embodiment, the optical lens may comprise of two individual lenses, one lens configured to correct the sphero-cylindrical error of the myopic individual, while the other lens is configured to introduce meridional stop signal for the myopic eye.

[0088] Figures 5 to 8 relate to exemplary embodiments of the current disclosure, wherein the embodiment is a substantially full-rimmed spectacle frame comprising spectacle fronts configured with a pair of substantially round lens mounts, wherein each of the substantially round lens mounts are coupled with spectacle temples via a mechanism that allows for a rotation of the round lens mount that is triggered with a relative motion of the temple; wherein the rotation of the lens mount, holding an optical lens embedded with rotationally asymmetric optical features, facilitates provision of a spatio-temporal variation of the visual perception for the spectacle frame wearer.

[0089] Figure 5 is defined from an observer’s perspective. Figure 5 is a frontal view of a spectacle frame (500) configured with a pawl spring ratchet mechanism as disclosed herein. In this example, a pair of the optical lenses, left (501 a) and right (501 b) are held by a pair of the optical lens mounts, left (502a) and right (502b).

[0090] A pair of coupling ratchet wheel strips left (503a) and right (503b) are configured substantially circumferential to the left (502a) and right (502b) optical lens mounts. In some other embodiments, a pair of coupling ratchet wheel strips may be referred to as coupling eye-wires. [0091 ] In Figure 5, the left (503a) and right (503b) ratchet wheel strips along with the corresponding left (502a) and right (502b) optical lens mounts are interconnected via a nasal bridge (505). Further, the pair of the coupling ratchet wheel strips (503a, 503b) are configured to adjoin a pair of temples, left (506a) and right (506b) via a pair of hinges, left (504a) and right (504b). The nomenclature of left and right may be different in some other examples from the method of description provided in Figure 5.

[0092] The spectacle frame (500) of Figure 5 is configured with a pawl spring ratchet mechanism such that a relative motion in the left (506a) or the right (506b) spectacle temple, for example open and closure of one of the temples, causes a relative motion in the left (503a) or the right (503b) coupling ratchet wheel strips, respectively. The relative motion in the left (503a) or the right (503b) coupling ratchet wheel strips cause a corresponding relative motion in the left (502a) and the right (502b) optical lens mounts and the left (501 a) and right (501 b) optical lenses.

[0093] The left portion of Figure 6 shows the frontal view of the right optical lens (601 ), the right optical lens mount (602), the right coupling ratchet wheel strip (603), the right hinge (604) and the right temple (606) of the spectacle frame disclosed herein. The right side of Figure 6 shows the zoomed-in side view, or a magnified side view of the right hinge section (604) of the spectacle frame disclosed herein.

[0094] In this example, the zoomed in view or a magnified view illustrates a portion of the coupling ratchet wheel strip (611 ), a hollow tube (613) that facilitates housing of, a wire, a bundle of wires, a piano wire, a bundle of piano wires, a hawser, a fishing line, or a bundle of fishing lines or similar (614), which may be further configured using a spring (615). The wire, or the bundle of wires, the cable or bundle of cables, the fishing line or the bundle of fishing lines (614) may be configured such that its terminal (616) is positioned against at least an individual tooth of the portion of the coupling ratchet wheel strip (611 ) to engage the ratchet wheel strip in a desired position or disengage, move/rotate the ratchet wheel strip in a desired direction.

[0095] In the example of Figure 6, the relative motion of the right temple (606) of the spectacle frame causes a relative motion in the wire or the bundle of wires, the piano wire, or the bundle of piano wires, or the fishing line or the bundle of fishing lines (614) configured in the hollow tube (613) which allows the terminal end of the bundle of piano wires, a bundle of fishing lines or similar (616) to protrude in one direction causing a movement of the coupling ratchet wheel strip (611 ) in the desired direction (612) facilitated via a spring mechanism (615), as disclosed herein.

[0096] In some embodiments, the protrusion of the end terminal of the bundle of piano wires or fishing lines or similar may be configured to have unidirectional or bidirectional movement of the optical lens mounts.

[0097] In some embodiments, the size and shape of the ratchet wheel strips may be configured such that a relative motion of the temple by 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 or 90 degrees with respect to the spectacle front would make the optical lens mount rotate by at least 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, or 40 degrees. In some embodiments, the size and shape of the ratchet wheel strips may be configured such that a relative motion of the temple facilitated via a spring action by greater than 70, 80, 85, 90 or 95 degrees with respect to the spectacle front would make the optical lens mount rotate by at least 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, or 40 degrees.

[0098] In some embodiments, the desirable rotation of the optical lens mount may be configured to be less than 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 degrees gaining an advantage of reducing stress in the optical mount mechanism. In some other embodiments, the desirable rotation of the optical lens mount may be configured to be different between the right and left lens mounts. In yet another embodiment, the desirable rotation of the optical lens mount may be configured to be opposite between the right and left lens mounts.

[0099] In some embodiments, the ratchet wheel strip mechanism of the optical lens mount may be configured using a pulling tension mechanism or pushing compression mechanism.

[00100] As described in the examples of Figures 5 and 6, the left and the right coupling ratchet wheel strips of the spectacle frame serve as rotors or rotor-like parts for moving the left and the right optical lens mounts which would further facilitate the movement of the corresponding optical lenses in the optical lens mounts. The rotors or rotor-like parts of the spectacle frame offer the desired rotational output motion, as disclosed herein. In some other embodiments, a pair of coupling ratchet wheel strips may be referred to as coupling eye-wires. [00101 ] Figure 7 of the disclosure offers a zoomed-in or magnified version of the frontal view of a spectacle mount embodiment adjoining the temple of the spectacle frame which is configured with a fishing line and simple rotor gear mechanism, as disclosed herein. Further, sub-sections of Figure 7 demonstrate the mechanism of action in one of the spectacle frame embodiments disclosed herein. In this example of Figure 7, the frontal view of the optical lens (701 ) is marked by a hair cross on the optical lens, the zoomed-in view of the right end of the spectacle frame highlights the optical mount represented in a dual-line segment (702), which is surrounded by a circumferential coupling ratchet wheel strip (711 ) which is further surrounded by the outer portion of spectacle frame (703). The temporal portion of the spectacle frame (703) adjoins the hinge of the spectacle frame (704) and the temple (706) of the spectacle frame, as disclosed herein.

[00102] In the example of Figure 7, the relative motion of the temple (706) of the spectacle frame causes a relative motion in the wire or the bundle of wires, the piano wire, or the bundle of piano wires, or the fishing line or the bundle of fishing lines (714) configured in the hollow tube (716) which allows the term inal end of the bundle of piano wires, a bundle of fishing lines or similar (714) to protrude in one direction causing a movement of the coupling ratchet wheel strip in the desired direction facilitated via a mechanism, as disclosed herein.

[00103] The inferior portion of Figure 7 further showcases two different configurations of the spectacle frame from a top view; for example, in this instance, the top-view represents the situation as if the spectacle frame is mounted on a table. Furthermore, there are two configurations that outline the functioning of the spectacle frame of the current invention, namely 726 and 736. In the first configuration 726, the spectacle frame is considered to be loaded, in other words the temple and the spectacle front make an angle of at least 90 degrees between each other. In this loaded configuration, the fishing line or the bundle of fishing lines is in the protruded configuration adjoining the rotatory gear or the coupling ratchet wheel strip of Figures 6 and 7. In this loaded configuration, the lens mount and the optical lens are configured to be stationary. [00104] On the other hand, in the unloaded configuration 736, wherein the temple and the spectacle front make an angle that is less than 80 degrees between each other, the fishing line or the bundle of fishing lines is in the retracted configuration allowing the lens mount and the optical lens to rotate in one direction.

[00105] Figure 8 depicts an example wherein motion is imparted to the rotating lens mount (802) and the optical lens (801 ) by means of a flexible filament possessing minimal elasticity (803) extending around at least a portion of the circumference of the lens mount (802). The extremities of said filament are attached to a tensioning device (804) at one end and the temple portion of the spectacle on the other end.

[00106] In the Figure 8, a relative motion of the temple to the spectacle frame imparts a relative motion to the filament. For example, the motion in the direction of the tensioning device (805) slackens the filament, reducing friction between the lens mount and the filament causing the filament to slip towards the tensioning device without motion of the lens mount. On the other hand, the motion away from the tensioning device (806) would create tension in the filament against the optical lens mount, causing rotation of the optical lens mount by coupling the motion of the filament to the lens mount.

[00107] In this example Figure 8, the circumference of the optical lens mount (802) may be featureless, may have a featureless groove channel to facilitate the filament, may have features to aid one or both of the low and high friction modes of the filament/lens mount relationship, or have a combination of one or more these contemplated configurations. In another configuration of the disclosed embodiment, the example of Figure 8 may have an addition spring placed at or near the temple hinge which compensates or overcompensates for the tension which filament tensioner 804 may impart to the movement of the temple relative to the spectacle frame. This additional spring element may be a clock spring, tension spring, compression spring, or similar elastic device.

[00108] In another embodiment of the disclosure, the filament may have a smooth, textured or purposefully shaped surface to aid the friction modes of the filament/lens mount friction relationship. Figure 8 depicts a feature resembling a ratchet gear to aid the friction modes of the filament/lens body relationship. [00109] In certain other embodiments of the present disclosure, the tensioning device (804) of Figure 8 may not be the preferred due to the disadvantage that the spring tension may keep the temples open when the spectacle frame is not worn.

[00110] An alternative mechanism that closes the temples when the spectacle frame is taken off from the face of the wearer would be preferred, as this approach has a potential to improve compliance, as there would no onus on the wearer to consciously open and close the spectacle frame to obtain the benefits associated with purposeful rotation of the optical mounts and thereby the optical lenses within the mounts. To achieve the desirable action of automated closure of the temples of the spectacle frame of the current disclosure, once taken off the face of the wearer, the embodiment may be configured with a spring with greater stiffness than the filament tension spring to overcompensate for the effects of the filament tension spring. In another embodiment, a clock spring may be configured within the hinge mechanism to facilitate the autoclosure of the temples of the spectacle frame. In one other embodiment, a loaded slow- releasing spring may facilitate a slow closure of the temples or alternatively, in some embodiments, a fast releasing spring may be preferred facilitating a fast or instantaneous closure of the temples of the spectacle frame.

[00111 ] In certain embodiments, the optical lenses mounted in the lens mounts of the spectacle frame have an asymmetric power distribution about the optical axis wherein such an asymmetric optical lens facilitates a spatio-temporal variation in optical stimulus to the spectacle frame wearer.

[00112] The Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the disclosure are only drawn as illustration purposes and to offer clarity to practice the invention. In other embodiment examples, a personal skilled in the art may use alternative compliant methods or mechanisms of implementing the desired rotatory motion into the spectacle frame.

[00113] While the contemplated pawl spring ratchet mechanism of Figures 5, 6 and 7 depicts a unidirectional ratchet or rotor gear mechanisms, it will be appreciated and understood that the general principles of the invention would be applicable to bidirectional or reversible ratchets and all such variations are considered to be within the scope and spirit of the invention. It is also understood and appreciated that the desired features within Figures 5, 6 and 7 are exaggerated for illustrative purposes only. [00114] The photographic image of Figure 9 shows a working prototype of an example implementation of the current disclosure. The spectacle frame (900) holds two geometrically mirrored but otherwise identical assemblies. The left hand side assembly contains an optical lens (901 a), optical lens mount (904a), a combined pawl and spring element (903a, 907a), an anti-return pawl (908a) and actuating filament (906a).

[00115] In this exemplary embodiment, when the temple of the spectacle frame is folded, the actuating filament (906a) is pulled towards the temple hinge, moving the pawl (907a), which engages with one of the sawtooth profiled teeth (902a) of the optical lens mount (904a), imparting a counter-clockwise rotational motion to the optical lens mount. In this exemplary embodiment, these actions comprise the active portion of a motion cycle.

[00116] Unfolding the temple releases tension in the actuating filament (906a), causing the tension in the spring sub-element (903a) of this partially compliant mechanism to retract the pawl sub-element (907a) to a position where it is ready for the next active portion of a motion cycle. These actions comprise the non-active portion of a motion cycle, which facilitates the readiness of the mechanism for the next active portion of a motion cycle. The anti-return pawl (908a) permits counter-clockwise rotational motion of the lens mount (904a), while preventing clockwise rotational motion of the optical lens mount (904a) during the non-active portion of a motion cycle.

[00117] In this exemplary embodiment, the left and right assemblies are geometrically mirrored, however, in other embodiments, the left and right assemblies may be configured identical, or with bilateral symmetry, or configured with a desired level of rotational shift between the right and left assemblies.

[00118] Figure 10 is a zoomed-in or magnified view of the working prototype described in Figure 9. The optical lens (1001 a) is held in the optical lens mount (1004a), which has sawtooth profile gear teeth (1002a) arranged on its outer circumference to facilitate ratcheting motion in a counter-clockwise direction. A motion drive pawl (1007a) and pawl reset tension spring (1003a) is constructed as a single piece partially compliant mechanism. [00119] During the active portion of a motion cycle, actuating filament (1006a) moves in the direction of the temple hinge, causing the drive pawl (1007a) to engage with one of the sawtooth shaped ratchet teeth (1002a) of the optical lens mount (1004a) and move towards the hinge temple.

[00120] In this example, the motion of the pawl is coupled to the lens mount ratchet teeth (1002a) resulting in counter-clockwise motion of the optical lens mount (1004a). During the reset portion of a motion cycle, actuating filament (1006a) moves in a direction opposite to the temple hinge, releasing tension on the combined drive pawl (1007a) and spring (1003a) element, allowing the tension of the spring subelement (1003a) to move the pawl sub-element (1007a) to a position where it is ready for the next active portion of a motion cycle. The anti-return pawl element (1008a) is a partially compliant mechanism with a rigid anchor point and rigid pawl at either extremity with these rigid extremities being coupled by an elastically compliant centre portion. This compliant mechanism sub-element provides spring tension to the pawl sub-element causing the pawl to engage the ratchet teeth of the lens mount (1004a) during the non-active portion of a motion cycle, while permitting the pawl to disengage during the active portion of a motion cycle.

[00121 ] Figure 11 shows the frontal view of one full-rimmed spectacle frame configured with a pawl-spring-ratchet mechanism, as disclosed herein, before (1101 ) and after (1102) triggering a relative motion of the temples according to a prescribed wearing regimen. The spectacle frame, as described in Figure 5, comprises spectacle fronts configured with a pair of substantially round lens mounts, wherein each of the substantially round lens mounts are coupled with spectacle temples via a mechanism that allows for a rotation of the round lens mount that is triggered with a relative motion of the temple.

[00122] In this example, each lens mount of Figure 11 holds an optical lens embedded with rotationally asymmetric power distributions, as previously disclosed in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168. For example, the rotationally asymmetric power distribution of the left optical lens (1101 a) in the spectacle frame configuration 1101 is positioned such that the radial spoke with the least minus power (1101 c) is located at about 315° and the rotationally asymmetric power distribution of the right optical lens (1101 b) is positioned such that the radial spoke with the least minus power (1101 d) is located at about 90°. After triggering a relative motion of the temples (about 7 times) of the spectacle frame (1101 ), the round lens mounts comprising the optical lenses 1101 a and 1101 b, rotate clockwise by 45°, resulting in the spectacle frame configuration 1102.

[00123] In this example, after about 7 relative motions of the spectacle temple (i.e. , opening and closing the spectacle frame for about seven times), the rotationally asymmetric power distribution of the left optical lens (1102a) in the spectacle frame configuration 1102 is positioned such that the radial spoke with the least minus power (1102c) is located at about 270° and the rotationally asymmetric power distribution of the right optical lens (1102b) is positioned such that the radial spoke with the least minus power (1102d) is located at about 45°.

[00124] In this example, the rotation of the optical lenses with rotationally asymmetric power distributions provided by the relative movement of the temples of the spectacle frame as described in Figures 5 and 11 , facilitates the provision of the desired spatially and temporally varying optical signals for the spectacle frame wearer. In other examples, the pawl-spring ratchet mechanism may be configured to offer smaller or larger magnitudes of rotation with fewer or larger number of relative temple motions.

[00125] Figure 12 shows the frontal view of another substantially round, full- rimmed, spectacle frame configured with a pawl-spring-ratchet mechanism, as disclosed herein. In this example, the configuration of the spectacle frame, the optical mount and the lenses within the optical mount are showcased before (1201 ) and after (1202) triggering a relative motion of the temples according to a prescribed wearing regimen.

[00126] In this example, the spectacle frame embodiment, as previously described in Figure 5, comprises spectacle fronts that are configured with a pair of substantially round lens mounts, wherein each of the substantially round lens mounts are coupled with spectacle temples via a mechanism that allows for a rotation of the round lens mount that is triggered with a relative motion of the temple. [00127] In this example of Figure 12, each lens mount holds an optical lens, each of the optical lens is configured with a standard base single vision spectacle lens that are coupled with mini optical elements arranged non-rotationally symmetric across the spectacle lens and wherein each optical element is further configured with a non- rotationally symmetric power distribution as disclosed in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168.

[00128] The combined utility of the spectacle frame of the current disclosure in conjunction with the asymmetric optical profiles disclosed in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 is merely one example of reducing the idea to practice. Essentially, the disclosure of a spectacle frame of Figure 12 can be combined with any other purposefully asymmetric variations that may be configured within the optical lens.

[00129] In this example of Figure 12, the rotationally asymmetric arrangement of the optical elements of the left optical lens (1201 a) in the spectacle frame configuration 1201 is positioned such that the radial spoke with the least minus power (1201 c) of one selected optical element is located at about 270° and the rotationally asymmetric arrangement of the optical elements of the right optical lens (1201 b) is positioned such that the radial spoke with the least minus power (1201 d) of one selected optical element is located at about 270°.

[00130] In this example, after about 5 relative motions of the spectacle temple (i.e., opening and closing the spectacle frame for about five times), the round lens mounts comprising the optical lenses 1201 a and 1201 b, rotate anti-clockwise by 45°, resulting in the spectacle frame configuration 1202.

[00131 ] In this example, at the end of the fifth cycle of the activation cycle, the rotationally asymmetric arrangement of the optical elements of the left optical lens (1202a) in the spectacle frame configuration 1202 is positioned such that the radial spoke with the least minus power (1202c) of the same selected optical element as indicated in 1201 is located at about 315° and the rotationally asymmetric arrangement of the optical elements of the right optical lens (1202b) is positioned such that the radial spoke with the least minus power (1202d) is located at about 315°. [00132] In this example, the rotation of the optical lenses with rotationally asymmetrical arranged optical element provided by the relative movement of the temples of the spectacle frame as described in Figures 5 and 12, facilitates the provision of the desired spatially and temporally varying optical signals for the spectacle frame wearer. In other examples, the pawl-spring ratchet mechanism may be configured to offer smaller or larger magnitudes of rotation with fewer or larger number of relative temple motions.

[00133] In other exemplary embodiments the magnitude and/or direction of rotation between the right and left optical lenses configured in the spectacle frame may be different between the right and left optical mounts. For example, the magnitude of rotation with each complete closure and opening of the spectacle frame may be at least 1 degree, 3 degrees, 5 degrees, 7 degrees, or 10 degrees.

[00134] In some embodiments, the rotation may be configured to be discrete, while in other embodiments of the disclosure, using suitable pawl-spring mechanisms, the magnitude of rotation may be configured quasi-continuous, consider smaller discrete steps. In some examples, the direction may be configured anti-clockwise, clockwise, bidirectional, or random.

[00135] To demonstrate the workings of current disclosure, the manufactured frame, showcased in Figure 9 and 10, were worn by a myopic participant. The optical mounts were configured with piano lenses and were configured with optical films incorporated with a plurality of sub-lenses, shown in Figure 13.

[00136] The optical films used in conjunction with piano powered optical lenses were configured differently between right and left eyes. The participant was refracted and fully corrected for distance refractive error using commercial single vision contact lenses. To demonstrate spatio temporal variation at the wearers’ eye, the high-contrast visual acuity was collected for right and left eyes, at 10 different orientations of the optical mount. Further, the distance vision rating score at each orientation was also recorded on a scale of 1 -10 (subjective questionnaire); wherein 1 represents poor vision and 10 represents good vision. [00137] To obtain the 10 different orientations, the right and left spectacle temples were completely closed and opened 3 times, starting from a 90-degree reference marking made on the optical mounts. The marking on the optical mounts facilitated the observer to note that the optical mount (wheel) rotated approximately 5 to 7 degrees with each manoeuvre of temples (i.e. , complete open and close action) of the spectacle frame. The results of the high-contrast visual acuity and distance vision clarity subjective ratings obtained at each of the 10 different orientations are denoted in the Table 1 .

HCVA OD - HCVA Distance Vision OS - HCVA Distance Vision

(logMAR) Rating (1-10) (logMAR) Rating (1-10)

Table 1 : The results of the distance visual acuity and vision clarity obtained at 10 different orientations of the optical mount of the spectacle frame of Figure 9.

[00138] In this pilot experiment data described in Table 1 , the variation in the high-contrast acuity between all the 10 configurations were within 3 letters of logMAR acuity, which are considered to be clinically insignificant. However, the subjective distance clarity rating with between the 10 configurations were noticeable different, ranging from a lowest score of 7 and a highest score of 9, despite such a small change in high contrast visual acuities, supporting the view that the asymmetric distributions of the sub-lenses incorporated within the optical films resulted in a desired spatio temporal variation of visual performance for the wearer. [00139] In this pilot experiment data described in Table 1 , the variance of high contrast visual acuity, albeit being clinically insignificant (within 3 letters of acuity), was surprising finding because the subject was viewing the chart through the central region of the optical film that was devoid of any sub-lenses. This change in high contrast acuity was attributed to the vertex distance between the lenses and the corneal plane, which was higher than a conventional spectacle frame. With other embodiments of spectacle frame that could be designed to have a vertex distance between 11 mm and 15 mm should result in minimal or no variation in high contrast visual acuity when viewing through the central zone devoid of optical features. The vertex distance is a distance between the back surface of the optical lens within the optical mount of the spectacle frame and the front surface of the cornea of the wearer.

[00140] In this example of Figure 13, each optical lens mount holds a piano powered optical lens which is used in conjunction with optical films configured with a plurality of sub-lenses, or optical elements, arranged non-rotationally symmetric across the optical lens. In this example of Figure 13, the rotationally asymmetric arrangement of the optical elements of the left optical lens (1301 a) in the spectacle frame configuration 1301 is positioned such that the major axis of the spiral pattern is located at about 90° position (1301 c) and the rotationally asymmetric arrangement of the optical elements of the right optical lens (1301 b) in the spectacle frame configuration 1301 is positioned such that the major axis of the elliptical pattern of the arrangement of sub-lenses is also located at about 90° position (1301 d).

[00141 ] In this example, after about 3 relative motions of the spectacle temple (i.e., opening and closing the spectacle frame for about three times), the round lens mounts comprising the optical lenses 1301 a and 1301 b, rotate clockwise by 15°, resulting in the spectacle frame configuration 1302.

[00142] In this example, at the end of the third cycle of the motion or activation cycle, the rotationally asymmetric arrangement of the sub-elements of the left optical lens (1302a) in the spectacle frame configuration 1202 is positioned such that the major axis of the spiral pattern is located at about 75° position (1302c) and the rotationally asymmetric arrangement of the sub-elements of the right optical lens (1302d) in the spectacle frame configuration 1302 is positioned such that the major axis of the elliptical pattern is located at about 115° position (1302d). In this example, the rotation of the optical lenses with rotationally asymmetrical arranged optical element provided by the relative movement of the temples of the spectacle frame as described in Figures 5 and 12, facilitates the provision of the desired spatially and temporally varying optical signals for the spectacle frame wearer, as observed from Table 1. In other examples, the pawl-spring ratchet mechanism may be configured to offer smaller or larger magnitudes of rotation with fewer or larger number of relative temple motions.

[00143] Figure 9 is merely one exemplary example of a manufactured prototype demonstrating reduction of the current disclosure to practice. However, this exemplary method should not be construed exhaustive limiting the scope of the current disclosure. A person skilled in the art could make several other variants of the pawl-spring ratchet or other compliant mechanisms to provide the desired spatio temporal variations for the wearers’ eye, all of which are considered to be well within the scope and spirit of the current disclosure. For example, the choice of the parameters used to reduce the disclosure to practice using standard 3D printing technologies has resulted in the manufactured prototype, Figure 9.

[00144] It is to be noted that these parameters have been amplified to demonstrate the workings of the invention. It should be understood by a person skilled in the art that the features, when actually implemented in the spectacle frame to be dispensed into the real world scenario, may be subtle, sometimes an order of magnitude smaller than the features described in Figure 9.

[00145] In view of the foregoing, it can be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the current disclosure provides a spectacle frame underpinned by a ratchet mechanism to facilitate the temporal and spatial variation of the asymmetric optical signal through the optical lens of choice.

[00146] The illustrations throughout the disclosure are not exhaustive, and any variations of ratchets embedded in a spectacle frame to offer temporal and spatial variation of an optical signal are considered to be within the spirit and scope of the current invention. [00147] For example, in some embodiments, mechanisms involving magnets or electro-magnetic systems may be configured to offer the temporal and spatial variation of the optical signals.

[00148] For example, in some other embodiments, systems and mechanisms involving a set up to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy may also be configured to offer the temporal and spatial variation of the optical signals via optical mounts/lenses.

[00149] In such embodiments that utilise conversion of thermal to mechanical energy, the changes in the environmental temperature of the surroundings of the wearer (i.e., state from cold to warm, warm to cold, cold to hot, hot to cold) may be exploited to translate the thermal or heat energy into mechanical movement that could drives the pawl-spring ratchet mechanism, or any other mechanisms described herein.

[00150] For example, a person skilled in the art may offer improvements to the pawl spring retention, which improve the characterisation properties like ease of assembly and simplicity and/or economy of the construction of the parts, all of which are considered to be within the spirit and scope of the current invention. In another exemplary embodiment, only one energy harvesting device may be deployed to act on both right and left optical lenses or mounts of the spectacle frame disclosed herein.

[00151 ] One or more of the following advantages are found in one or more of the disclosed spectacle frames, devices, and/or methods.

[00152] In one embodiment, a spectacle frame or method of its use, disclosed herein, in conjunction with optical lenses embedded with toric or rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 may facilitate the desired temporally and spatially varying stop signal for increasing the effectivity of managing progressive myopia in an individual without relying on use of a kit or set of spectacle lens devices, such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168, minimising the inconvenience to the user which may potentially lead to poor patient compliance. [00153] In some other embodiments, a counting wheel may be further configured within the spectacle frame such that the number of full revolutions of the optical lens or the multiples of full revolutions of the optical lens may be used for monitoring compliance of the spectacle wearer or to validate the functioning of the spectacle device by the wearer. If the wearer is a child, the monitoring may be performed by one of the parents, a guardian, or an eye care practitioner.

[00154] Other embodiments may incorporate one or more mechanisms to provide a greater mechanical advantage when transferring energy from the harvesting element to the optical lens mount. Such embodiments may result in more frequent but smaller rotational increments of the optical lens, while alternate embodiments may store the energy from multiple harvest events to be released in a single rotational event of the optical lens.

[00155] In another embodiment, a spectacle frame or method of its use disclosed herein in conjunction with optical lenses embedded with toric or rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 may facilitate the desired temporally and spatially varying stop signal by the virtue of the applied movements of the spectacle temples made by the spectacle user or wearer.

[00156] Certain embodiments are directed to a spectacle frame in conjunction with optical lenses embedded with toric or rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 that may provide a temporally and spatially varying, in other words varying with time, stop signal to the progressing myopic eye. This temporally varying stop signal may minimise the implicit saturation effects of efficacy that are observed in the prior art.

[00157] Certain other embodiments may be directed to a spectacle frame disclosed herein in conjunction with optical lenses embedded with secondary optical regions offering asymmetry component of power distribution across the optical lens. For example, in some embodiments, the secondary regions may be configured to impose desirable levels of defocus, astigmatism, coma or spherical aberration. [00158] In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the spectacle frame may be configured such that the right lens mount carries different optical treatments or optical lenses from the left lens mount.

[00159] Certain other embodiments may be directed to a spectacle frame disclosed herein in conjunction with optical lenses embedded with multiple optical regions offering varying asymmetry component of power distribution across the optical lens. For example, in some embodiments, the additional regions within the optical lens may be configured to impose desirable levels of defocus, astigmatism, coma or spherical aberration. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the spectacle frame may be configured such that the right lens mount carries different optical treatments or optical lenses from the left lens mount.

[00160] Certain embodiments are aimed at spectacle frames for a myopic individual, the spectacle lens frame comprising a pair of substantially round lens holding mounts for the left and the right eye of the myopic individual; a pair of coupling ratchet wheel strips substantially circumferential to the left and the right lens holding mounts; a nasal bridge adjoining the left and the right lens holding mounts and the left and the right coupling ratchet wheel strips; a pair of temples adjoining the left and the right lens holding mounts via a specific mechanic coupling system configured within a pair of hinges; wherein the specific mechanic coupling system is configured such that a relative motion of the left and the right temples of the spectacle frame provides a desirable rotation of the left and the right coupling ratchet wheel strips and the corresponding lens mounts, respectively; wherein the spectacle frame loaded with a pair of appropriate spectacle lenses, embedded with toric or rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168, in the optical lens mounts provides a temporally and spatially variation of the optical lens intervention to the myopic individual under a prescribed care regimen.

[00161 ] Certain methods are aimed at choosing a pair of appropriate spectacle lenses, wherein the method comprises identification of an optimal distance prescription for each eye of the myopic individual and takes into consideration the optimal distance prescription. [00162] For example, certain methods involve choosing the appropriate spectacle lenses such that when configured in the spectacle frame, the appropriate spectacle lenses at least in part are for the correction of the myopia of the individual and at least in part are for reducing or inhibiting progression of myopia of the individual.

[00163] For example, certain methods involve introduction of an appropriate magnitude of astigmatism or astigmatic blur on top of the optimal distance prescription. For example, the method of introducing an appropriate magnitude of astigmatism or astigmatic blur to be combined with distance prescription is at least +0.5 DC, +0.75 DC, +1 DC, +1.25 DC or +1.5 DC. Certain other methods of the present disclosure may be directed to methods of modifying the incoming light through a spectacle frame which hosts an optical lens system that offers astigmatic cues at the retinal plane of the corrected eye which may be achieved by using a toric or cylindrical lens.

[00164] For example, certain methods involve introduction of an appropriate magnitude of asymmetric blur on top of the optimal distance prescription. For example, the method of introducing an appropriate magnitude of asymmetric blur to be combined with distance prescription is at least +0.5 D, +0.75 D, +1 D, +1 .25 D or +1 .5 D in delta power. Certain other methods of the present disclosure may be directed to methods of modifying the incoming light through a spectacle frame which hosts an optical lens system that offers astigmatic or asymmetric cues at the retinal plane of the corrected eye which may be achieved by using a toric or cylindrical lens or lenses with rotationally asymmetric power distributions.

[00165] Certain methods of the current disclosure involve selection of appropriate astigmatic magnitudes of astigmatism or astigmatic blur or asymmetric blur that may be configured on the anterior surface, posterior surface, or both surfaces of the appropriate spectacle lenses. Further the method may include a prescription of a wearing care regimen detailing the use of the spectacle frame. For example, in one example the prescribed care regimen may be to instruct the spectacle wearer or user to move at least one of the temples of the spectacle frame at least once an hour, at least once every 2 hours, at least once every 4 hours, at least once every 6 hours, at least once every 8 hours, at least once every 12 hours, or at least once every 24 hours. [00166] For example, in one other example the prescribed care regimen may be to instruct the spectacle wearer or user to move both the temples of the spectacle frame at least once an hour, at least once every 2 hours, at least once every 4 hours, at least once every 6 hours, at least once every 8 hours, at least once every 12 hours, or at least once every 24 hours.

[00167] Certain methods are aimed to choose the pair of appropriate spectacle lenses for the spectacle frame disclosed herein; wherein the appropriate pairs of spectacle lenses are configured to provide a temporally and spatially variation in the optical stop signal presented to the myopic individual.

[00168] Certain methods are aimed to choose the pair of appropriate spectacle lenses for the spectacle frame disclosed herein, wherein the optical lenses embedded with toric or rotationally asymmetric optical features such as disclosed previously in WO/2021/056058 and WO/2021/159168 substantially differ from each other in the left and right. In certain embodiments, the aforementioned toric or cylindrical lens within the spectacle frame provides at least in part, a meridional correction for a myopic eye and at least in part, produces a temporally and spatially varying astigmatic stop signal to reduce the rate of myopia progression over time.

[00169] In certain embodiments, the induced astigmatism configured using the aforementioned toric or cylindrical lens hosted within the spectacle frame may be at least +0.5 DC, +0.75 DC, +1 DC, +1.25 DC, +1.5 DC or +1.75 DC. In certain embodiments, the induced astigmatism configured using the aforementioned toric or cylindrical lens hosted within the spectacle frame may also defined in negative cylinder formats; for example, the magnitude of the toric or cylindrical lens hosted within the spectacle frame may be at least -0.5 DC, -0.75 DC, -1 DC, -1 .25 DC, -1 .5 DC or -1 .75 DC.

[00170] In certain embodiments, the induced astigmatism configured using the aforementioned toric or cylindrical lens hosted within the spectacle frame may be between +0.5 DC and +0.75 DC, +0.5 DC and +1 DC, +0.5 DC and +1.25 DC, +0.75 DC and +1.25 DC, +0.5 DC and +1.75 DC, +0.5 DC and +2.25 DC. [00171 ] In certain embodiments, the induced astigmatism configured using the aforementioned toric or cylindrical lens hosted within the spectacle frame may be between -0.5 DC and -0.75 DC, -0.5 DC and -1 DC, -0.5 DC and -1.25 DC, -0.75 DC and -1 .25 DC, -0.5 DC and -1 .75 DC, -0.5 DC and -2.25 DC.

[00172] In certain embodiments, the optical lens system with rotationally asymmetric optical features hosted within the spectacle frame may be at least +0.5 D, +0.75 D, +1 D, +1 .25 D, +1 .5 D or +1 .75 D in delta power. In certain embodiments, the optical lens system with rotationally asymmetric optical features hosted within the spectacle frame may be between +0.5 D and +0.75 D, +0.5 D and +1 D, +0.5 D and +1 .25 D, +0.75 D and +1 .25 D, +0.5 D and +1 .75 D, +0.5 D and +2.25 D in delta power.

[00173] In certain embodiments, the optical lens system with rotationally asymmetric optical features hosted within the spectacle frame may be between -0.5 D and -0.75 D, -0.5 D and -1 D, -0.5 D and -1.25 D, -0.75 D and -1.25 D, -0.5 D and - 1 .75 D, -0.5 D and -2.25 D in delta power.

[00174] Another embodiment of the present disclosure may be directed to methods of modifying the incoming light through a spectacle frame which hosts an optical lens system that offers other myopic lenses of the prior art, for example, progressive additional lenses, D-shaped bifocals, executive bifocals, peripheral plus lenses or their equivalents, as may be chosen by a person skilled in the art. In certain other embodiments of the present disclosure, the spectacle lens mounted or hosted via the spectacle frame embodiment may be configured such that it provides asymmetric optical cues at the retinal plane of the corrected eye.

[00175] In one embodiment, the hosted toric or astigmatic or asymmetric optical lens may be further configured additional higher order symmetric aberrations like spherical aberration, and/or higher order asymmetric aberrations like second-order astigmatism, coma, trefoil, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, the toric part of the pair of spectacle lens mounted or hosted within a frame may be configured with specific features of the stop signal, for example induced astigmatism with either the sagittal or tangential focal line substantially in front of the retina. [00176] In another embodiment, the toric portion of the spectacle lens mounted or hosted within a spectacle frame may be in the centre of the optical lens or decentred with respect to the optical centre of the optical lens or mount.

[00177] In one embodiment, a substantial change to the optical signal received by the retina, configured by an astigmatic conoid of sturm or interval of sturm at the retinal plane, where the optical stop signal means a portion of the conoid or interval of sturm falls in front of the retina (i.e. , producing a meridional myopic defocus), while the remainder of the conoid or interval of sturm produces an in-focus or hyperopic signal. The proportion of the conoid or interval of sturm that provides a positive meridional astigmatic focus, may be approximately 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[00178] In one embodiment, a substantial change to the optical signal received by the retina, configured by an asymmetric conoid of partial blur or interval of partial blur at the retinal plane, where the optical stop signal means a portion of the conoid or interval of partial blur falls in front of the retina (i.e., producing a meridional myopic defocus), while the remainder of the conoid or interval of partial blur produces an infocus or hyperopic signal. The proportion of the conoid or interval of partial blur that provides a positive focus, may be approximately 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%.

[00179] In another embodiment, the toric or asymmetric part of the spectacle lens hosted within a spectacle frame is located, formed, or placed on one of the two surfaces of the spectacle lens. In another embodiment, the shape of front and back surface of the spectacle lens mounted or hosted within a spectacle frame may be described by one or more of the following: a sphere, an asphere, an extended odd polynomial, an extended even polynomial, a conic section, a biconic section, a toric surface, or a Zernike polynomial.

[00180] In another embodiment, a pair of lenses may be hosted or mounted in the spectacle frame. In another embodiment, the toric or asymmetric part of the spectacle lens hosted within a spectacle frame may be configured to correct the inherent astigmatism of the eye to achieve satisfactory visual performance while offering the desired asymmetric blur as a stop signal to the myopic eye. [00181 ] In certain other embodiments, the toric or astigmatic or asymmetric part of the spectacle lens hosted within a spectacle frame may be in addition to the spherocylindrical prescription required to correct the refractive error of the eye. For example, in one embodiment, the optical lens may comprise of two individual lenses, one lens configured to correct the sphero-cylindrical error of the myopic individual, while the other lens is configured to introduce meridional stop signal for the myopic eye.

[00182] In another embodiment, a pair of lenses may be hosted or mounted in the spectacle frame; wherein one of the pair of lenses may be a thin Fresnel lens. In another example, thin optical films may be hosted or mounted onto a spectacle frame.

[00183] As a person skilled in the art may appreciate, the present invention may be used in combination with any of the devices/methods that have the potential to influence the progression of myopia. These may include, but are not limited to, contact lenses of various designs, colour filters, pharmaceutical agents, behavioural changes, and environmental conditions. For example, the present spectacle frame invention could also be used with photochromic spectacle lenses.

Few other exemplary embodiments are described in the following example sets A, B and C.

EXAMPLE SET “A”

[00184] A1 - An energy harvesting spectacle lens frame for a myopic individual comprising: a pair of substantially round lens mounts holding a pair of optical lenses for the left and the right eye of the myopic individual; a nasal bridge adjoining the left and the right lens mounts; a pair of temples adjoining the lens mounts via a pair of hinges; a pair of energy harvesting mass elements substantially circumferential to the left and the right lens mounts, wherein each of the energy harvesting mass element is assembled using a specific mechanism that allow transfer of harvested energy into rotational motion of the lens mount and the optical lens; wherein the energy harvesting spectacle frame used in conjunction with an appropriate pair of optical lenses provides a temporal and a spatial variation of the optical lens intervention to the myopic individual under a prescribed care regimen. [00185] A2 - The energy harvesting spectacle frame of the claim example A1 , wherein the specific mechanism providing transfer of harvested energy into rotational motion of the lens mount and the optical lens utilises at least a ratchet and fulcrum.

[00186] A3 - The energy harvesting spectacle frame of one or more claim examples A1 to A2, wherein the specific mechanism providing transfer of harvested energy into rotational motion of the lens mount and the optical lens utilises at least a pawl-spring.

[00187] A4 - The energy harvesting spectacle frame of one or more claim examples A1 to A3, wherein the specific mechanism providing transfer of harvested energy into rotational motion of the lens mount and the optical lens utilises at least a semi-rigid pawl-spring.

[00188] A5 - The energy harvesting spectacle frame of one or more claim examples A1 to A3, wherein the specific mechanism providing transfer of harvested energy into rotational motion of the lens mount and the optical lens utilises at least a hinge and a spring.

[00189] A6 - The energy harvesting spectacle frame of one or more claim examples A1 to A5, wherein the specific mechanism providing transfer of harvested energy into rotational motion of the lens mount and the optical lens is a band-rachet body comprising of rigid rotor and a ratchet band with saw tooth therein, a rigid rotor and band ratchet disposed to be in engagement with each other for resiliently urging the ratchet to deliver rotary motion in a desirable direction.

[00190] A7 - The energy harvesting spectacle frame of one or more claim examples A1 to A6, wherein the rotational motion of the lens mount and the optical lens is in counter-clockwise direction, or clockwise direction.

[00191] A8 - The energy harvesting spectacle frame of one or more claim examples A1 to A7, wherein the rotational motion of the lens mount and the optical lens is unidirectional or bidirectional.

[00192] A9 - The method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A8, wherein an appropriate pair of optical lenses to provide a temporally and spatially variant stop signal for the myopic individual include asymmetric power distribution across the optical centre of the optical lenses or spectacle lenses.

[00193] A10 - The method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A9, wherein an optical lens hosted in the optical mount is configured with the complex power distribution function described by Zernike polynomials, Bessel functions, Jacobi polynomials, Taylor polynomials, Fourier expansion, or combinations thereof.

[00194] A11 - The method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A10, wherein the appropriate optical lens hosted in the optical mount is configured with the complex power distribution function that utilises an expression Sphere + (Cylinder/2) * (Radial) * (Azimuthal), where in the Sphere refers to the distance prescription, Cylinder refers to the magnitude of induced, Radial power distribution takes the form of C*p^A2, where C is the coefficient of the expansion and Rho (p) is the normalised radial coordinate (po I pmax) and the azimuthal power distribution function takes a form of cos (m9), where m can be any integer between 1 and 6, and Theta (0) is the azimuthal angle. Rho (po) is the radial co-ordinate at a given point, wherein pmax is the maximum radial co-ordinate of the defined optic zone.

[00195] A12 - The method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A11 , wherein the appropriate optical lens hosted in the optical mount is configured using astigmatism in isolation, or astigmatism in combination with defocus, or astigmatism in combination with coma, or astigmatism in combination with spherical aberration, or astigmatism in combination with trefoil, or astigmatism in combination with a complex power distribution function across the optical lens.

[00196] A13 - The method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A12, wherein the prescribed care regimen includes a pair of optical lenses for the left and right eye of the myopic individual; wherein the left and right optical lenses are substantially different from each other.

[00197] A14 - The method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A13, wherein the prescribed care regimen includes instructions to remove the spectacle frame from the face of the wearer at least once at least every hour, every 3 hours, every 6 hours, or every 8 hours of spectacle frame wear and to shake the spectacle frame.

[00198] A15 - The method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A14, wherein the prescribed care regimen includes instructions to recommend walk or run around while wearing the spectacle frame at least every 3 hours, every 5 hours, or every 7 hours of spectacle frame wear.

[00199] A16 - The method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A15, wherein the prescribed care regimen includes instructions to recommend playing of a sport or engaging in a physical exercise activity while wearing the spectacle frame at least every 3 hours, every 5 hours or every 7 hours of spectacle frame wear.

[00200] A17 - A method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A16, wherein the appropriate pair of spectacle lenses are configured rotationally asymmetric about their optical centres and wherein the appropriate stop signal is configured to induced appropriate magnitude of astigmatism or astigmatic blur in addition to providing the optimal distance prescription.

[00201 ] A18 - A method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A17, wherein the appropriate magnitude of astigmatism or astigmatic blur to be combined with distance prescription is at least +0.5 DC, +0.75 DC, +1 DC or +1.25 DC.

[00202] A19 - A method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A18, wherein the appropriate induced astigmatic magnitude of astigmatism or astigmatic blur is configured on the anterior surface, posterior surface, or both surfaces of the appropriate spectacle lens.

[00203] A20 - A method of one or more of the claim examples A1 to A19, wherein the appropriate spectacle lens is configured to provide, at least in part, adequate foveal correction, and further configured to provide, at least in part, a temporally and spatially varying stop signal to reduce the rate of myopia progression substantially consistent over time. EXAMPLE SET “B”

[00204] B1 - A spectacle lens frame for a myopic individual, the spectacle lens frame comprising: a pair of substantially round lens holding mounts for the left and the right eye of the myopic individual; a pair of coupling ratchet wheel strips, or a pair of coupling eyewires, substantially circumferential to the left and the right lens holding mounts; a nasal bridge adjoining the left and the right lens holding mounts and the left and the right coupling ratchet wheel strips or eyewires; a pair of temples adjoining the left and the right lens holding mounts via a specific mechanic coupling system configured within a pair of hinges; wherein the specific mechanic coupling system is configured such that a relative motion of the left and the right temples of the spectacle frame provides a desirable rotation of the left and the right coupling ratchet wheel strips or eyewires and the corresponding lens mounts, respectively; wherein the spectacle lens frame loaded with a pair of appropriate spectacle lenses in the optical lens mount provides a temporal and a spatial variation of the optical lens intervention to the myopic individual under a prescribed care regimen.

[00205] B2 - A method of one claim example B1 to choose the pair of appropriate spectacle lenses, wherein the method comprising identification of an optimal distance prescription for each eye of the myopic individual and prescription of a wearing care regimen detailing the use of the spectacle frame.

[00206] B3 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B2 to choose the pair of appropriate spectacle lenses, wherein the spectacle lenses are configured at least in part for correction of the myopia of the individual and at least in part for reducing or inhibiting progression of myopia of the individual.

[00207] B4 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B3 to choose the pair of appropriate spectacle lenses, wherein the wearing care regimen prescribes moving at least one of the temples of the spectacle frame at least once every 30 minutes, at least once an hour, at least once every 2 hours, at least once every 4 hours, at least once every 6 hours or at least once every 8 hours per day of spectacle lens wear. [00208] B5 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B4 to choose the pair of appropriate spectacle lenses; wherein the appropriate pair of spectacle lenses are configured to provide a temporally and spatially variation of the optical stop signal presented to at least one eye of the myopic individual; wherein the appropriate stop signal is configured using astigmatism, tonicity, asymmetric power distribution, or astigmatic blur or asymmetric blur.

[00209] B6 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B5 to choose the pair of appropriate spectacle lenses; wherein the appropriate pair of spectacle lenses are configured rotationally asymmetric about their optical centres.

[00210] B7 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B6, wherein the appropriate stop signal is configured to induced appropriate magnitude of astigmatism or astigmatic blur in addition to providing the optimal distance prescription for correcting the distance vision of the myopic individual.

[00211 ] B8 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B7, wherein the appropriate magnitude of induced toncity, induced astigmatism or induced astigmatic blur to be combined with distance prescription is at least +0.5 DC, +0.75 DC, +1 DC or +1.25 DC.

[00212] B9 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B8, wherein the appropriate induced magnitude of astigmatism, magnitude of toncity, or magnitude of astigmatic blur is configured on the anterior surface, posterior surface, or both surfaces of the appropriate spectacle lens to be mounted within the spectacle lens frame.

[00213] B10 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B9, wherein the appropriate spectacle lens is configured to provide, at least in part, adequate foveal correction, and further configured to provide, at least in part, a temporally and spatially varying stop signal to reduce the rate of myopia progression substantially consistent over time. [00214] B11 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B10, wherein the appropriate magnitude of induced asymmetric delta power to be combined with distance prescription is at least +0.5 DC, +0.75 DC, +1 DC or +1.25 DC.

[00215] .B12 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B11 , wherein the magnitude of astigmatic blur between the left and right eyes of the myopic individual is substantially different from each other and is at least separated by +0.50 DC.

[00216] B13 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B12, wherein the astigmatic blur is configured on the anterior surface, posterior surface, or both surfaces of the spectacle lens.

[00217] B14 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B13, wherein the orientation of the astigmatic blur between the left and right eyes of the myopic individual is substantially different from each other and is at least separated by 20 degrees.

[00218] B15 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B14, wherein the stop signal is configured using astigmatism in isolation, or astigmatism in combination with defocus, or astigmatism in combination with coma, or astigmatism in combination with spherical aberration, or astigmatism in combination with trefoil, or astigmatism in combination with a complex power distribution function; wherein the complex power distribution function is described by Zernike polynomials, Bessel functions, Jacobi polynomials, Taylor polynomials, Fourier expansion, or combinations thereof.

[00219] B16 - A method of one or more of the claim examples B1 to B15, wherein the stop signal is configured with the complex power distribution function that utilises an expression Sphere + (Cylinder/2)*(Radial)*(Azimuthal), where in the Sphere refers to the distance prescription, Cylinder refers to the magnitude of induced, Radial power distribution takes the form of C*p^A2, where C is the coefficient of the expansion and Rho (p) is the normalised radial co-ordinate (po I pmax) and the azimuthal power distribution function takes a form of cos (m9), where m can be any integer between 1 and 6, and Theta (0) is the azimuthal angle. Rho (po) is the radial co-ordinate at a given point, wherein pmax is the maximum radial co-ordinate of the defined optic zone. EXAMPLE SET “C”

[00220] C1 - A spectacle frame for a myopic individual, the spectacle frame comprising: a pair of substantially round lens holding mounts for the left and the right eye of the myopic individual; a pair of coupling eye-wires substantially surrounding the left and the right lens holding mounts; a nasal bridge joining the left and the right lens holding mounts and the coupling eye-wires; a pair of temples adjoining the left and the right lens holding mounts via a specific mechanic coupling system and a specific pair of hinges; wherein the specific mechanic coupling system and the specific pair of hinges are configured such that a relative motion of the left and the right temples of the spectacle frame provides a desirable magnitude and direction of rotation of the left and the right, coupling eye wires and lens mounts, respectively; wherein the pair of lens holding mounts of the spectacle lens frame are configured with a pair of appropriate lenses; and wherein the desirable rotation of the pair of appropriate lenses, achieved by following a prescribed wearing care regimen, provides a spatio-temporal variation as an optical stop signal with the aim to slow, retard, or reduce progression of myopia of the myopic individual.

[00221 ] C2 - A spectacle frame of claim example C1 , wherein the specific mechanic couple system and the specific pair of hinges includes a pawl-spring ratchet mechanism or an energy harvesting mechanism.

[00222] C3 - A spectacle frame of claim example C2, wherein the specific mechanic couple system and the specific pair of hinges includes a band-ratchet mechanism or an energy harvesting mechanism.

[00223] C4 - A spectacle frame of claim examples C1 to C3, wherein the desirable magnitude and direction of rotation of any of the left or right lens mounts achieved with the relative motion of the left or right temples is at least one degree, clockwise or anti-clockwise; wherein the relative motion of the temples includes at least an open or closure manoeuvre of the temple.

[00224] C5 - A spectacle frame of claim examples C1 to C3, wherein the desirable magnitude and direction of rotation of any of the left and right lens mounts achieved with the relative motion of the left and right temples, respectively, is at least two degrees, clockwise or anti-clockwise; wherein the relative motion of the temples includes a complete open and closure manoeuvre of the temple.

[00225] C6 - A spectacle frame of claim examples C1 to C5, wherein the specific mechanic couple system and the specific pair of hinges are configured such that the desired relative motion of the temples of the spectacles are triggered using an autospring mechanism that instantaneously triggers an auto-closure of the temples, when removed from the face of the myopic individual.

[00226] C7 - A spectacle frame of claim examples C1 to C6, wherein the pair of appropriate lenses includes a refractive prescription to correct distance vision of the myopic individual and is further configured to have an asymmetric optical variation within the lenses.

[00227] C8 - A spectacle frame of claim examples C1 to C6, wherein the pair of appropriate lenses comprises single vision lenses used in conjunction with an optical film; wherein single vision lenses correct the distance vision of the myopic individual and the optical film introduces an asymmetric variation within the pair of appropriate lenses.

[00228] C9 - A spectacle frame of claim example C7, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced using induced astigmatism or toncity.

[00229] C10 - A spectacle frame of claim example C8, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced using asymmetric power distribution; wherein the asymmetric power distribution is configured with the complex power distribution function that utilises an expression Sphere + (Cylinder/2) * (Radial) * (Azimuthal), where in the Sphere refers to the distance prescription, Cylinder refers to the magnitude of induced, Radial power distribution takes the form of C*p^A2, where C is the coefficient of the expansion and Rho (p) is the normalised radial coordinate (po I pmax) and the azimuthal power distribution function takes a form of cos (m9), where m can be any integer between 1 and 6, and Theta (0) is the azimuthal angle. Rho (po) is the radial co-ordinate at a given point, wherein pmax is the maximum radial co-ordinate of the defined optic zone. [00230] C11 - A spectacle frame of claim example C7, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced by decentring at least one optical element; wherein the decentred optical element has a power profile that is different from the distance prescription of the myopic individual.

[00231 ] C12 - A spectacle frame of claim example C7 or C8, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced using asymmetric power distribution within at least one optical element.

[00232] C13 - A spectacle frame of claim example C7 or C8, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced using a non-rotationally symmetric distribution of a plurality of the optical elements.

[00233] C14 - A spectacle frame of claim examples C8 and C13, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the optical films is produced using a plurality of optical elements.

[00234] C15 - A method choosing any one or more of the spectacle frames of claim examples C1 to C14, wherein the method comprises: identification of an optimal distance prescription for correcting each eye of the myopic individual; identification of the asymmetric optical variation to be introduced within the lenses, with or without using coupling optical films, and a prescription of the wearing care regimen detailing the use of the spectacle frame.

[00235] C16 - A method of claim example C15, wherein the prescribed wearing care regimen includes an instruction to remove the spectacle frame from the face of the wearer, and create, produce, make, or cause, a relative motion of the temples of the spectacle frame at least once every 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours or 8 hours; wherein the relative motion of the temples includes a complete open and closure manoeuvre of the temple at least once.

[00236] C17 - A method of claim example C16, wherein the optical stop signal is induced using a desired magnitude of astigmatic blur on the retina of the myopic individual; wherein the desired magnitude of astigmatism is at least +0.75 DC, +1.00 DC, +1 .25 DC , +1 .50 DC, +1 .75 DC, or +2.00 DC. [00237] C18 - A method of claim example C16, wherein the optical stop signal is induced using a desired magnitude of asymmetric blur on the retina of the myopic individual gauged by a delta power; wherein the desired magnitude of delta power is at least +0.75 D, +1 .00 D, +1 .25 D , +1 .50 D, +1 .75 D, or +2.00 D. [00238] C19 - A method of one or more of the claim examples C1 to C18, wherein the direction of rotation of the left or right lens mounts achieved with the relative motion of the left or right temples may be configured to be mirror symmetric between left and right eyes, or with bilateral symmetry, or configured with a desired level of rotational shift between the right and left mount assemblies. [00239] C20 - A method of one or more of the claim examples C1 to C19, wherein the direction of rotation of the left or right lens mounts achieved with the relative motion of the left or right temples may be purposefully configured to optimise visual performance for tasks performed at a certain distance, for example near or intermediate working distances. [00240] C21 - A method of one or more of the claim examples C1 to C20, wherein the slowing, retarding, or reduction of progression of myopia of the myopic individual remains substantially consistent over time.

Claims

1 . A spectacle frame for a myopic individual, the spectacle frame comprising: a pair of substantially round lens holding mounts for the left and the right eye of the myopic individual; a pair of coupling eye-wires substantially surrounding the left and the right lens holding mounts; a nasal bridge joining the left and the right lens holding mounts and the coupling eye-wires; a pair of temples adjoining the left and the right lens holding mounts via a specific mechanic coupling system and a specific pair of hinges; wherein the specific mechanic coupling system and the specific pair of hinges are configured such that a relative motion of the left and the right temples of the spectacle frame provides a desirable magnitude and direction of rotation of the left and the right, coupling eye wires and lens mounts, respectively; wherein the pair of lens holding mounts of the spectacle lens frame are configured with a pair of appropriate lenses; and wherein the desirable rotation of the pair of appropriate lenses, achieved by following a prescribed wearing care regimen, provides a spatio-temporal variation as an optical stop signal with the aim to slow, retard, or reduce progression of myopia of the myopic individual.

2. A spectacle frame of claim 1 , wherein the specific mechanic couple system and the specific pair of hinges includes a pawl-spring ratchet mechanism.

3. A spectacle frame of claim 1 , wherein the specific mechanic couple system and the specific pair of hinges includes a band-ratchet mechanism.

4. A spectacle frame of claims 1 to 3, wherein the desirable magnitude and direction of rotation of any of the left or right lens mounts achieved with the relative motion of the left or right temples is at least one degree, clockwise or anti-clockwise; wherein the relative motion of the temples includes at least an open or closure manoeuvre of the temple. A spectacle frame of claims 1 to 3, wherein the desirable magnitude and direction of rotation of any of the left and right lens mounts achieved with the relative motion of the left and right temples, respectively, is at least two degrees, clockwise or anticlockwise; wherein the relative motion of the temples includes a complete open and closure manoeuvre of the temple. A spectacle frame of claims 1 to 5, wherein the specific mechanic couple system and the specific pair of hinges are configured such that the desired relative motion of the temples of the spectacles are triggered using an auto-spring mechanism that instantaneously triggers an auto-closure of the temples, when removed from the face of the myopic individual. A spectacle frame of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pair of appropriate lenses includes a refractive prescription to correct distance vision of the myopic individual and is further configured to have an asymmetric optical variation within the lenses. A spectacle frame of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pair of appropriate lenses comprises single vision lenses used in conjunction with an optical film; wherein single vision lenses correct the distance vision of the myopic individual and the optical film introduces an asymmetric variation within the pair of appropriate lenses. A spectacle frame of claim 7, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced using induced astigmatism or toncity. A spectacle frame of claim 8, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced using asymmetric power distribution; wherein the asymmetric power distribution is configured with the complex power distribution function that utilises an expression Sphere + (Cylinder/2) * (Radial) * (Azimuthal), where in the Sphere refers to the distance prescription, Cylinder refers to the magnitude of induced, Radial power distribution takes the form of C*p^A2, where C is the coefficient of the expansion and Rho (p) is the normalised radial coordinate (po I pmax) and the azimuthal power distribution function takes a form of cos (m9), where m can be any integer between 1 and 6, and Theta (0) is the azimuthal angle. Rho (po) is the radial co-ordinate at a given point, wherein pmax is the maximum radial co-ordinate of the defined optic zone. A spectacle frame of claim 7, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced by decentring at least one optical element; wherein the decentred optical element has a power profile that is different from the distance prescription of the myopic individual. A spectacle frame of claim 7 or 8, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced using asymmetric power distribution within at least one optical element. A spectacle frame of claim 7 or 8, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the pair of appropriate lenses is produced using a non-rotationally symmetric distribution of a plurality of the optical elements. A spectacle frame of claim 8 and 13, wherein the asymmetric optical variation within the optical films is produced using a plurality of optical elements. A method choosing any one or more of the spectacle frames of claims 1 to 14, wherein the method comprises: identification of an optimal distance prescription for correcting each eye of the myopic individual; identification of the asymmetric optical variation to be introduced within the lenses, with or without using coupling optical films, and a prescription of the wearing care regimen detailing the use of the spectacle frame. A method of claim 15, wherein the prescribed wearing care regimen includes an instruction to remove the spectacle frame from the face of the wearer, and create, produce, make, or cause, a relative motion of the temples of the spectacle frame at least once every 2 hours; wherein the relative motion of the temples includes a complete open and closure manoeuvre of the temple at least once. A method of claim 16, wherein the optical stop signal is induced using a desired magnitude of astigmatic blur on the retina of the myopic individual; wherein the desired magnitude of astigmatism is at least +0.75 DC. A method of claim 16, wherein the optical stop signal is induced using a desired magnitude of asymmetric blur on the retina of the myopic individual gauged by a delta power; wherein the desired magnitude of delta power is at least +0.75 D. A method of one or more of the claims 1 to 18, wherein the direction of rotation of the left or right lens mounts achieved with the relative motion of the left or right temples may be configured to be mirror symmetric between left and right eyes. A method of one or more of the claims 1 to 19, wherein the direction of rotation of the left or right lens mounts achieved with the relative motion of the left or right temples may be purposefully configured to optimise visual performance for tasks performed at a certain distance. A method of one or more of the claims 1 to 20, wherein the slowing, retarding, or reduction of progression of myopia of the myopic individual remains substantially consistent over time.